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World Bank Document SR9 VOL. 2 Co AN,0 'P Public Disclosure Authorized ERRA SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT Public Disclosure Authorized 8 October 2005 Pakistan Earthquake Volume-lI ANNEXES Public Disclosure Authorized May 2007 Public Disclosure Authorized Table of Contents A. TORs for SIA ............................................... 1 B. TORs of the Continuous Social Impact Assessment ........................................ 6 C. ERRA Ordinance ........................................... 10 D. ERRA Operational Manual ................................... 18 E. District Profiles ............................................. 89 F. Sectoral Key Performance Indicators ........................................... 97 G. Housing Form ............................................. 108 H. Livelihood Cash Grant Form ................................. 110 ANNEX-A TERMS OF REFERENCE SOCIAL ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF THE EARTHQUAKE ON THE AFFECTED POPULATION 1. Background The population and social structures of the earthquake-hit areas were seriously affected by the scale of human death, injuries and material destruction affecting the eight districts of NWFP and AJK, leaving thousands orphaned and maimed and millions homeless. Considerable data have been compiled and are available at NADRA, the Army Inspection Teams and other agencies, covering socioeconomic aspects, eligibility criteria and beneficiaries of aid and so forth, but comprehensive analysis of the overall social impact of the earthquake disaster has not yet been undertaken. The Social Assessment will primarily rely upon existing data, but in areas where these may be lacking, additional field research may be undertaken. 2. Objective The objective of the study is to assess the impact of the earthquake on the affected population in terms of human and material losses and displacement, and identification of factors influencing the rehabilitation of the affected persons' housing, livelihood, and future quality of life. 3. Scope The Social Assessment will address the impact of the earthquake on vulnerable groups, such as: - Children left unattended/orphaned by the earthquake, with focus on the protection they received immediately after the earthquake as well as the long-term protection measures in place. - Single-headed households. Widows and single-headed households present a particular vulnerability as they had to deal with their psycho-social distress as well as caring for children on their own. The loss of a mother has particularly negative physical and psychological impact on small children and infants, while the loss of the male head of family constitutes a serious blow to the economic livelihood of the household, significantly reducing its coping ability since the percentage of women economically active outside the household is below 2%. Single women, widows and women-headed households (i.e. without a male guardian) were reportedly reluctant to go to the tent camps for affected people, if these were outside their local area, since they will be among unrelated men, who may belong to another ethnic group and speak a different language. Furthermore, intemational experience shows that protection of women and children is frequently violated under disaster and conflict conditions. - Disabled. Before the earthquake around 10% of the population was disabled and in the affected areas they may be severely disadvantaged in accessing relief. A high proportion of the injured people may have become permanently disabled as a consequence of the severe injuries sustained to spinal cord, head and limbs and late treatment of injuries due to difficulties in access. 1 The Social Assessment will also focus on other issues related to particular vulnerabilities caused or affected by the earthquake: Legal Rights. Assessment of the scale of loss of records of property rights to housing, commercial property, and land, with special focus on the impact on and needs of vulnerable groups, widows, and orphans in demonstrating legitimate property rights. In many rural communities, women customarily relinquish their claims to the joint family property, and in the present situation, where traditional mechanisms of social support may be destroyed, the risk of widows and female orphans losing their rightful inheritance is considerable, especially since they may be unaware of the procedures to be followed to ensure legal possession of the land they are entitled to inherit. Shock and Trauma. The very high death toll and number of severe injuries in addition to the widespread material damage will have long-term consequences on the well-being of surviving family members, particularly widows, single-parent children, orphans, and the elderly. Assessment of the scale of the problem and of measures undertaken to address the issue. The compilation and analysis of data will aim at coverage according to: Affected people * Tribal/ethnic breakup of affected communities - by locality * Total number of households per village/town by tribal/ethnic group - number of household members - by gender and adult/child * Number of affected people - dead, injured, missing and displaced according to tribal/ethnic group, gender & divided into adult-child for each village/town * Number of school children ( boys/girls) dead as a result of the earthquake * Any previous record of vulnerable group: Number of orphans, widows, single-parent households - by tribal/ethnic group & locality. * Number of orphans, widows, single-parent households after earthquake - by tribal/ethnic group & locality * Number of permanently disabled men/women/children before and after the earthquake (specifying types of disability) in different localities Dislocation * Number of communities and persons displaced from affected areas - by locality - number of people remaining in original location * Situation of remaining people in area - shelter, injuries - ability to remain * Present location and type of shelter of displaced communities - specific details about vulnerable groups: orphans, single women, female-headed households, disabled and old Relocation from Hazardous sites * Number of people to be permanently relocated * Review measures put in place for relocation * Screen relocation sites for potential social safeguards issues (displacement of informal sellers, cultural property) * Assess affected people's awareness of reasons for and process of relocation 2 Livelihood and Material damage * Main source of livelihood of household - per locality * Material damage - houses destroyed - partially damaged - own house/rented house/squatter * Land ownership for house reconstruction and cultivation * Availability of local informal support networks and voluntary associations/CBOs/NGOs - their role in the immediate and longer term shelter and relief effort * Number of male/female councilors elected in the area, with roles in the relief. * Any info on previous support mechanism (extended family system, remittances from family members working /living abroad) Grievance Redressal Mechanism * Review Grievance Redressal System in terms of documentation, categorization of grievances, appeal system and resolutions. Land Task Force * Review TOR for Land Task Force and its compatibility with existing law and procedures * Review system for documentation and follow-up on land cases. Social Indicators * Identify a coherent set of social indicators to be monitored across the various program components Recommendations On the basis of the overall findings and assessment, recommendations regarding: - the beneficiary communication and information strategy of ERC - functioning of the grievance redressal mechanism - increasing transparency of the operations 4. Output The Social Assessment will serve as a baseline of the situation of the affected population before the start of the rehabilitation program for the Continuous Social Assessment (CSIA) and other impact assessments. The Social Assessment shall cover all the affected villages/communities of the eight districts in NWFP and AJK. It is envisaged that the majority of consultancy time will be spent in compiling and analyzing existing data with only minor supplementary field research in areas, where existing data bases are lacking. Inception report: A report at the outset of the consultancy that details final methodology derived from review of available databases, discussions with beneficiaries, implementers and donors and identification of areas where additional data need to be compiled. Outline of overall strategy, incl assessment of data quality/validity. Identification and planning of additional field research if required. Draft report: The consultants will produce a draft report covering the issues listed above and any other issue which has emerged from the data analysis. Final report: A final report will be submitted after incorporating the feedback from ERRA and World Bank on the draft report. 3 5. Schedule for completion of tasks The consultancy is expected to commence on 01 October 2006 and be completed by 07 March 2007. However the draft final report would be submitted to ERRA by 07 January 2007. Inception report: Within 1 month of the commencement of the consultancy contract. Draft report: After any additional field studies are completed and within 3 months of the commencement of consultancy contract. Final report: Within 2 months of completion of study i.e. submission of Draft Final Report. 6. Data, Services and Facilities to be provided by the client The consultants will be responsible for all costs and expenses incurred in carrying out the SA. The consultants
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