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International Meteorological Institute in Stockholm Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University INTERNATIONAL METEOROLOGICAL INSTITUTE IN STOCKHOLM DEPARTMENT OF METEOROLOGY, STOCKHOLM UNIVERSITY BIENNIAL REPORT 2011–2012 FRONT COVER Wave activity in the middle atmosphere leads to coupling processes on a global scale. A prominent example is the dynamic control of the summer mesosphere by the lower atmosphere in both hemispheres. These coupling processes are studied by means of global satellite observations and numerical modelling. A visible indicator of the wave-driven circulation in the mesosphere are noctilucent clouds (NLC) that occur in the high-latitude summer. Here large-scale updraft leads to extreme adiabatic cooling and mesopause temperatures down to 100 K. For details, see the research article on "Global dynamical coupling in the middle atmosphere" in this biennial report. INTERNATIONAL METEOROLOGICAL INSTITUTE IN STOCKHOLM (IMI) AND DEPARTMENT OF METEOROLOGY, STOCKHOLM UNIVERSITY (MISU) BIENNIAL REPORT 1 JANUARY 2011– 31 DECEMBER 2012 Postal address Department of Meteorology Stockholm University S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden Telephone Int. +46-8-16 23 95 Nat. 08-16 23 95 Telefax Int. +46-8-15 71 85 Nat. 08-15 71 85 E-mail [email protected] Internet www.misu.su.se ISSN 0349-0068 Printed at US-AB (PrintCenter), Stockholm University 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS THE INTERNATIONAL METEOROLOGICAL INSTITUTE IN STOCKHOLM ............................................... 8 GOVERNING BOARD .................................................................................................................................................................. 8 DIRECTOR................................................................................................................................................................................... 8 TELLUS ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 9 THE DEPARTMENT OF METEOROLOGY AT STOCKHOLM UNIVERSITY ............................................. 10 HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT .................................................................................................................................................. 10 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................ 12 RESEARCH ACTIVITIES ........................................................................................................................... 16 Research groups ........................................................................................................................................................................ 16 ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 16 CHEMICAL METEOROLOGY ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 17 DYNAMIC METEOROLOGY ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 17 PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 18 How IMI shaped my scientific life by Jost Heintzenberg .............................................................................................................. 19 Fond memories from Stockholm by Raymond Pierrehumbert ..................................................................................................... 21 Global dynamical coupling in the middle atmosphere.................................................................................................................. 23 Climate modeling as a scientific tool to understand our climate and climate change ................................................................... 28 Why does the Atlantic Ocean form the northern hemisphere deep water? .................................................................................. 31 Arctic climate change ................................................................................................................................................................. 35 List of publications ...................................................................................................................................................................... 42 2009 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 42 2010 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 45 2011 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 47 2012 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 52 2013 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 56 STAFF MEMBERS (AS OF DECEMBER 2012) ........................................................................................ 61 VISITORS ................................................................................................................................................... 64 FINANCES .................................................................................................................................................. 71 PhD THESES 2009-2012 ........................................................................................................................... 75 ACRONYMS ............................................................................................................................................... 78 THE INSTITUTE THE INSTITUTE BIENNIAL REPORT 2011 – 2012 7 THE INSTITUTE THE INTERNATIONAL METEOROLOGICAL INSTITUTE IN STOCKHOLM The International Meteorological Institute in Stockholm (IMI) was created in 1955 by a decision of the Swedish Parliament with the objective "to conduct research in meteorology and associated fields and to promote international scientific co-operation within meteorology". This decision was a result of initiatives taken by Professor Carl-Gustaf Rossby, strongly supported by the former Minister for Foreign Affairs of Sweden, Richard Sandler. The most important function of the institute is to provide opportunities for foreign scientists to work in Sweden for varying periods of time in close collaboration with their Swedish colleagues. The institute also publishes the scientific journal Tellus. The institute was an independent institute financed by a direct contribution from the Swedish Government until the end of 2009. Since 1 January 2010, IMI is an independent institute at the Department of Meteor- ology, of which it is an integral part, funded by Stockholm University through the Faculty of Science. GOVERNING BOARD Anders Karlqvist, Professor of System Analysis, Appointed by Stockholm University. Joakim Langner, Research Director at the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute. Appointed by SMHI. Until 14 February 2011. Pontus Matstoms, Research Director at the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute. Ap- pointed by SMHI. From 15 February 2011. Per Holmlund, Professor of Glaciology, Stockholm University. Appointed by Stockholm University. Erland Källén, Professor of Dynamic Meteorology, Stockholm University. Appointed by the Board. Caroline Leck, Professor in Chemical Meteorology. Appointed by the Board. Anna Rutgersson, Professor in Meterology. Appointed by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Michael Tjernström, Director of the Institute. Ex Officio Member. Until 31 July 2012. Jonas Nycander, (Deputy) Director of the Institute. Ex Officio Member. Rodrigo Cabellero, Deputy director of the Institute. Ex Officio Member. From 1 August 2012 Secretary of the Board: Albert de Haan, Economist. DIRECTOR Until 2012-07-31 Michael Tjernström, Professor of Boundary-Layer Meteorology. From 2012-08-01 Jonas Nycander, Professor of Geophysical Fluid Dynamics. Deputy Director, Rodrigo Cabellero, Professor in Climate Modelling. 8 BIENNIAL REPORT 2011 – 2012 THE INSTITUTE TELLUS The international scientific journal Tellus was founded in 1949. It started as a quarterly geophysical jour- nal published by the Swedish Geophysical Society and with professor Carl-Gustaf Rossby as Editor-in- Chief. The Swedish publisher
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