Proc Soc Antiq Scot, 136 (2006), 000–000 INDEX | 351

Index Note: Main entries for Scottish county names are in capitals with names of relevant new council areas in brackets where they differ from the original. County names are also indicated in brackets after specific place-names e.g. Airth (Stirlingshire) Chapters are indicated by bold page numbers.

Abbotrule (Borders), church 231, 232, Aberdour (Fife), coins 166 Allen, A. M.: 1635 occupational 234 Aberlady, Luffness (East Lothian), mapping of Edinburgh 259–96 Abdy, R. 186 coins 165, 166 Allen, D. A. 205, 211 : burgage plots 297, 306; Abernethy (Perthshire): coins 166, Allen, J. R. 218, 221, 229 Carmelite Priory site, coins 166; 191; early Medieval inscriptions Alloa Park, Alloa (Clackmannanshire), carved stone balls 70; Castle, 220; Round Tower 230, 232 coin 166 streets near 307; Neolithic, 10, (), Iron Age Alnwick (Berwickshire), burgage 11, 12; typhus fever 201; see also armlets 137 plots 304 Stoneywood Abramson, Phil: on Altyre (Moray), early Medieval ABERDEENSHIRE: Aboyne, Iron recumbent stone circle 99–110 inscriptions 220, 222–3, 225 Age armlets 127; Aikey Brae, Accelerated Mass Spectroscopy 98–9 Ambers, J. 103 112, 129, 130; Berrybrae, Achadh na Cille (Argyll), Oib 241 AMS (Accelerated Mass Buchan 112, 129; Bucksburn, Achenbach, E. 61, 64 Spectroscopy) 98–9 Roman bronze vessels 202; Deer’s Achnahaird (Ross-shire), coins 164, Ancrum (Borders) 193 Den, Neolithic 20; Fetteresso, St 166 Andersonn, K.: possible astronomic Ciaran church 232; Fetternear, A’Choir (Argyll) 238, 249 noon markers at Arbroath Abbey coins 175; , early Medieval A’Chrannag (Argyll) 238, 247–8, 249, 333–5 inscriptions 221, 222, 223, 225; 251, 252–3 Anderson, D. 143 Formaston, early Medieval Ackergill, Keiss Bay (Highland) 220, Anderson, J.: early Medieval inscriptions 216, 221, 222, 223, 222 inscriptions 218, 221; Iron Age 225; Gask, Roman Frontier 187; Adams, Geoffrey: on constraints on armlets 135, 145, 146, 147; Old , coin 178; , terminal sounds in inscriptions Scatness Broch, Shetland 105, recumbent stone circles 72; Iron 215–26 106; stone emplacements in early Age, armlets 149; Kinnord Loch, Addyman, T. 21, 32, 36 Scottish churches 229 perfume bottle 210, 211; Loanhead Adiego, L. 218 Anderson, P. J. 201 of Daviot 112, 129; Mains of Adomnán 250, 254 Anglo-Saxon style stone churches 228, Lesmoir, Rhynie 210, 212–13; map Advocate’s Close (Edinburgh) 301, 229, 232, 234 of recumbent stone circles 112; Mill 302–3, 306, 309 Angus, C. 149 of Fintray cursus 31; Monquhitter aerial reconnaissance of Neolithic 8, ANGUS: Arbroath Abbey, possible stud 154; Neolithic 10, 11, 12, 26; 14–17, 27; see also cropmarks astronomic noon markers 333–5; Newton, Ogam inscription 220, aerodynamics see carved stone balls Auchmithie, coins 167; Baldovan, 223–4, 225; Roman Agricola 199, 207 coin 167; Cardean, coin 162, 187, camp 202, 206; Old , stone agriculture: Neolithic 33, 35; Old 188, 189; Carnoustie, West Haven, circle 112, 129; Old Reyne 129; Scatness Broch, Shetland 96, coins 185; coins 162, 164, 167, 174, Park Quarry 23; Parkhill, silver 97, 102–3, 105–6, 108; see also 180, 181, 185, 187, 188, 189, 192; chain and Pictish stone 202; Port cropmarks Douglasmuir, Neolithic enclosure Elphinstone, gold aureuas 210, Aikey Brae, Buchan (Aberdeenshire) 20, 30; Dubton Farm, Neolithic 24; 213; , Roman camp 201, 112, 129, 130 Dundee Castle, streets near 307; 202; Rattray, coins 182; Rhynie, Airieolland (Wigtownshire), decorated East Haven, coins 164, 174, 189, Mains of Lesmoir, Roman bronze stud 154 192; Hynd Castle, Monikie, coin 210, 212–13; Roman camps and Airth (Stirlingshire), coin 166 166; Inchbare, Neolithic cropmarks finds 201, 202, 206, 207, 210–13; Alaways, L. W. 67–8 30; Liff, coin 180; Neolithic 10, 11, , coins 182; St Combs, Alcock, E. 247, 252 12, 20, 24, 30, 36; Nether Kelly, Corsekelly, Roman bronze 210, Alcock, Leslie: obituary 1–6, 247, Neolithic 36; Noranbank timber 211–12; Slains, Meikle Loch, 252 hall 36; Panmure Estate, coin 181; gold solidus of Honorius 210, Aldclune, Blair Atholl (Perthshire) 131 Purgavie, button and loop fastener 213; Spurryhillock, Neolithic 20; Aldourie (Inverness-shire), Iron Age 150, 152, 155–6; Restenneth, stone circle see Strichen; Warren decorative metalwork 150, 151, 152 St Peter church 230, 233; Three Field, Neolithic 32, 33, 34; see Alexander, D. 36 Mile Wood, Neolithic 20; see also also Aberdeen; Balbridie; Buchan; Alexandria, Drumkinnon Farm Brechin; ; Hurly Hawkin Corsekelly; Donside; Dyce; (Dunbartonshire), coin 164, 188 animal bones at Old Scatness Broch, KINCARDINESHIRE; Kintore; All Over Ornamental/Step 1 Beaker 84 Shetland 96–7, 103, 104 ; Allanfearn (Invernesshire), coin 166 Anstruther (Fife), coins 166 352 | SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES OF , 2006

Antonine Wall 199; coins 161, 186, Ashbee, P. 48 Balnuaran of Clava (Inverness-shire) 187 ashlar 227 26 Antonsen, E. 216 Ashmore, P. 99; Neolithic 8, 9, 14, 35, BANFFSHIRE: Auchenbadie armlet AOC (All Over Cord) Beaker 83–4 40, 84 141; coin 168, 196; Aoki, K. 65 assembly site, Druim Fuar as 248–9 Cullen, coins in Seafield Estate 171; Arbroath Abbey (Angus), possible astronomic noon markers at Arbroath Inverboyndie, , coins astronomic noon markers 333–5 Abbey (Angus), possible 333–5 178–9, 196; Iron Age armlets 149 Ardalanish (Isle of Mull), coins 164, Athelstaneford (East Lothian), coins bank, stone, Strichen stone circle 187, 189 167, 191, 194 115–16 Ardchattan Priory, Bonawe (Argyll), Atkinson, J. 21, 22 Banks, Sir J. 146–7 coins 167, 191 Auchategan (Argyll) 18 Bannockburn (Stirling), ‘pit-defined Ardesier (Invernesshire), coins 167 Auchenbadie (Banffshire), armlet 141 cursus’ 30, 31 Ardoch, Braco (Perthshire), coins 162, Auchenlaich (Stirling), long cairn 17 Barassie (Troon, Ayrshire), coin 184 187, 188, 189 Auchmithie (Angus), coins 167 Barbachlaw, (Wallyford, East ARGYLL (ARGYLL & BUTE): Auld Cathie (West Lothian), church Lothian), coins 164, 188, 189 Achadh na Cille, Oib 241; 232, 234 Barber, J. 57 A’Choir 238, 249; A’Chrannag Auldearn (Moray): coin 167, 191; Barclay, G. J. 72; Neolithic 7, 8, 9, 238, 247–8, 249, 251, 252–3; Roman dipper 203, 207 14–22 passim, 26–33 passim, Ardchattan Priory, Bonawe, coins Auquhollie (Aberdeenshire), 36–40 passim 167, 191; Auchategan 18; Barnakill, inscription 216–17, 220 Barclay, R. 199 early Medieval inscriptions 223; Austria, coins from 177, 195 Bargrennan White (Dumfries & Bonawe, coins 167; Castle Sween axes, stone 21, 28 Galloway), chambered cairn 26 238, 249; coins 167, 178, 179, AYRSHIRE 194; Ballantrae coins barley at Old Scatness 102–3, 106; 191; Doide quarries 238, 249; 167; coins 165, 167, 174, 178, 179, radiocarbon dating from 96, 97, 105 Druim Fuar/Clach an Dobhrain 180, 184, 189; Dunure, coin 174; Barnakill (Argyll), early Medieval 238, 247, 248–9, 251, 252, 253; Greenan, Doonfoot, coins 178; inscriptions 223 Dun A’Bhealich 238, 247–8, 253; Hunterston, Hunterston Estate, coin Barnhouse (Orkney) 17, 19 Dunadd 246, 248, 252, 253, 254; 178; Kells, New Galloway, coin Baron Grant’s Close (Edinburgh) 305 early Medieval inscriptions 218; 179; Kendoon (St John’s, Dalry), Barrett, J. C. 8 Eileach An Naominh, Garvellachs coin 165, 189; Maybole, North Barrow, G. W. S. 251 240, 250–1; Ellary see Cladh Mains Farm, coin 180; Neolithic barrows 16, 17, 29 a’Bhile; Garvellachs, Eileach 10, 11, 12, 30; Station Brae 21, 32, base metal coins 196 An Naominh 240; Inchmarnock, 36; Symington, coin 184; Troon, Bassendean church (Roxburghshire) Bute, coins 178; Keills/Kilmory Barassie, coin 184; see also Arran 234 Knap 238, 247, 249, 251; Kilberry Ayton (Berwickshire): Mains, Bastow, M. 124 243; Kingarth Quarry Neolithic Eyemouth, coin 175; St Dionysius Bateson, D. 275 buildings 21; Kintore, coin 179; church 232, 233 Bateson, J. D. 154; Roman bronze Knapdale see Cladh a’Bhile; vessels 202, 211; Roman and Lismore, Iron Age armlets 136, B ware, dating 240 Medieval coins found (2001–2005) 138–41, 148, 149, 151; Neolithic Bac Mhic Connain, North Uist 161–98 12, 21; Point of Knap 249; (Inverness-shire), inscriptions Batt, Caroline: Old Scatness Broch Rothesay, St Mary church 233; Ru on knife handles 216, 223, 224, 77–88 Chryn 252; Rubha na Tuth/Rudh’an 225 Baxter, M. I. 47, 56, 57 Tubhaidh 247, 253; St Columba’s backlands, access to see burgage plots baxters (bakers) in 1635 Edinburgh Cave 238, 246, 247, 250; Sean Dùn, Bailey Fyfe’s Close (Edinburgh) 305 262, 263, 271–2, 276, 280, 285 Newfield 140; Sithean Bhuide 238, Baillie, G. 163 Baxter’s Close (Edinburgh) 302 247, 253; Stronefield/Schronfelt bakers see baxters Bayliss, A. 27, 28 251–2; Sween, Loch 238, 246, 247, Balbridie (Aberdeenshire), Neolithic beach cobbles in walls 234 249, 254; Temple Wood 29; Upper 16, 18, 19; timber buildings 32, 33, Beaker pottery 9; All Over Cord Largie, ‘cursus’ 30, 31; see also 34–5, 36, 37, 39 (AOC) 83–4; All Over Ornamental/ Bute; Caolisport; Cladh a’Bhile; Balcarry (Glenluce, Dumfriesshire), Step 1 84; Continental 84; Islay; Mull coin 167 European Bell 84; Low-Bellied Armit, I. 19, 25, 89, 94 Baldovan (Angus), coin 167 S-profile 84; Low-Carinated 84; armlets see Iron Age massive armlets Balfarg Riding School (Fife), timber Strichen stone circle 111, 116, 125, Armstrong, E. C. R. 202 mortuary structures 20, 26, 30, 32, 126, 129; undecorated 80–1, 83, 85; Arran (Bute/Ayrshire): early Medieval 33, 36 Wessex/Middle Rhine (W/MR) 84 inscriptions 218; Machrie Moor Ballantrae (Ayrshire), coins 167 Beannacharain, Loch, Strathconon and Neolithic 30, 31; pipeline Ballin, T. B. 77, 80, 81–3 (Ross-shire), coin 184 excavations and Neolithic 12 Ballin-Smith, B. 26, 94, 149 Bearsden (Lanarkshire), coin 162, arrowhead, tanged, Strichen stone balls, stone see carved stone balls 186, 189 circle 116, 125, 126, 129 Balmaclellan (Kirkcudbrightshire): Beauly, Redcastle (Inverness-shire), Arthur, King 2, 4 coins 167; Iron Age decorative coins 182 Ascott-under-Wytchwood metalwork 151 Becker, C. J. 25 (Gloucestershire) 48, 57 Balmerino (Fife), coins 167–8, 197 Beckett, J. 49 INDEX | 353

Beckton Farm, Dumfries (Dumfries & Borders, Scottish (cont) Brooks, N. P. 297, 304 Galloway), Neolithic 20, 21, 22, 24 179, 180, 181, 183, 185, 190, 193, Brophy, Kenneth: Neolithic 47–60; Beechwood Park pit, Beechwood 196; Iron Age decorative metalwork rethinking 7–45 Farm (Raigmore, Inverness), 149, 151–2; Lamberton church Brough Lodge (Shetland) 147–8 Beaker artefacts in 77–88; 233; Meldon Bridge, palisaded Brown, J. 243 plano-convex flint knife 77, 80, enclosures 30; Neolithic 10, 11, 27, Brownsbank (South Lanarkshire) 14, 81–2; site 77–80; slag 83; 30; see also BERWICKSHIRE; 26 undecorated beaker 80–1, 83, 85 ROXBURGHSHIRE; Bu (Orkney), Iron Age roundhouse beehive cell 240 SELKIRKSHIRE 93, 98 Behrensmeyer, A. K. 50 Borline, Loch Eynort (Skye), St Buchan (Aberdeenshire) 111; Aikey Beier, A. L. 260 Maelrubha church 232 Brae 112, 129, 130; Berrybrae, Bell, A. 144 Borthwick’s Close (Edinburgh) 301 Buchan 112, 129 Bell, L. 55 Bosta Beach, Lewis (Ross & Buckhaven (Institution Street, Fife), Bennett, J. M. 277 Cromarty), coins 168 coin 164, 189 Benson, D. G. 48 Bothwellhaugh (North Lanarkshire) Buckquoy (Orkney), spindle-whorl Bernal, J. 49 243 inscriptions 216, 220, 222 Berrybrae, Buchan (Aberdeenshire) Bowden, Melrose (Roxburghshire), Bucksburn (Aberdeenshire), Roman 112, 129 coin 168, 191 bronze vessels 202 BERWICKSHIRE: Alnwick, burgage Bowler, D. P. 297, 300, 307 Buikstra, J. E. 50 plots 304; Berwick, coins 191, Bowman, S. 99 buildings: Neolithic 18–22; see also 194; Berwick, High Cocklaw 82; Bows of Doune (Perthshire), Iron Age churches; timber buildings Burnmouth, Iron Age decorative armlets 136–8, 139 Burdiehouse, (Edinburgh), coin 174 metalwork 151–2; coins 169, Boyndie (Banffshire), coin 168, 196 burgage plots in Edinburgh 175, 177, 185, 191, 194, 196; Braby, A. 34, 85, 153 297–310; boundary lines identified Coldstream, coins 169; Edrom bracelets/arm-rings 107; see also Iron 299; burgh, layout of 297–8; Church 231; Eyemouth, coins 175; Age armlets methodology of study 300; patterns Fogo, coin 175, 196; Grantshouse, Braco, Ardoch (Perthshire), coins 162, of 298–9; results of study 300–3; coin 177; Uppsettington, coins 185; 187, 188, 189 discussion and conclusions 303–8; see also Ayton; BORDERS; Duns; Braco (Perthshire), coins 162 see also Closes in Edinburgh Preston Bradley, R. 108; Neolithic 9, 11–13, Burghead, Clarkly Hill (Moray), ring Biggar Common (Lanarkshire) 84; 17, 26, 32, 37, 40; Strichen stone pendant 157 Neolithic 17, 20, 23, 24 circle 111, 125, 129, 130, 131 Burghfield, Dornoch (Sutherland), Binn Hill, Garmouth (Moray), Iron Bragar, Lewis (Ross & Cromarty), coin 164 Age decorative metalwork 153 coin 168, 196 burials/graves: Early Historic, biography 17 Bramley, P. 53 carvings with see Cladh a’Bhile; Birnie (Moray): button and loop Brand, R. 152 modern, in Cladh a’Bhile 239, 240, fastener 156; coins 164, 168, 187; Brandsbutt, near Inverurie 250; personalized mausoleums 231; Iron Age metalwork 152–3 (Aberdeenshire); early Medieval Sorisdale, Coll 84; Strichen stone Birsay (Orkney): Iron Age 146; inscriptions 216, 219, 220 circle 119–20, 121, 129, 131; see Medieval inscriptions 220, 221, Brann, M. 28 also bones; cists; monumentality; 222, 223 brass ‘sacrifical vessels’ at mortuary practice Bishop, M. C. 206 Stoneywood 201 Burl, H. A. W. 29; Beechwood Park Blackfriars Wynd (Edinburgh) 301, Brechin (Angus): Cathedral Round 83, 85; Strichen stone circle 111, 305, 307 Tower 230, 231; West, Neolithic 20 113, 119, 129 blacksmiths see smiths Breeze, A. 119 Burley, E. 203, 213 Blaeu, W. J. 251 Bressay (Shetland), early Medieval Burnette, A. 157 Blair Atholl (Perthshire), Aldclune 131 inscriptions 217, 219, 220, 221, Burnmouth (Berwickshire), Iron Age Blair, E. 1, 4 222, 223, 225 metalwork 151–2 Blairhall, Culrose (Fife), coin 183 brewers/maltmen and taverns in 1635 Burns, R. 144 Bogdan, N. 175 Edinburgh 266, 270–1, 280, 283, Burntisland (Fife): coins 168, 196; St Boghead, Fochabers (Moray) 20, 83, 284 Serf church, Kirkton 229, 232 85 Bridge of Allan (Perthshire), button Burrian, early Medieval inscriptions Bonawe (Argyll), coins 167 and loop fastener 150, 156 220, 223 Bond, J. M. 103, 106 Briot, N. 275 Burwell (Cambridgeshire) 203 bones: animal, in Gilmerton Cove Bristo (Edinburgh) 298 Bush Moor, Bush of Craigs (Edinburgh) 326, 328, 330; lacking brochs 89–90; see also Old Scatness (Dumfriesshire), coins 168, 190 in Beechwood 84; see also burials Broch butchers/fleshers/skinners/ Bonfante, G. and L. 218 Brodie, N. 84, 216, 220, 225 slaughterhouses in 1635 Edinburgh Boog Watson, C. B. 300, 305 Bronk Ramsey, C. 96, 98, 103, 129 262, 265, 267, 272, 273, 280, 286, BORDERS, SCOTTISH: Abbotrule, Bronze Age, Early 28; see also 289 church 231, 232, 234; Ayton, St Beechwood Park; Jarlshof Bute, Isle of: coin 190; Kirkton, Great Dionysius church 232; Burnmouth, bronze bracelet 139 Cumbrae 243; Rothesay, St Mary Iron Age decorative metalwork bronze vessels 199–214; see also church 233; see also ARGYLL 151–2; coins 169, 174, 175, 177, Stoneywood (ARGYLL & BUTE) 354 | SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES OF SCOTLAND, 2006

Butter, R. 252, 255, 256 Carmarthen, Celtic-style decoration charcoal 79, 97, 99 button and loop fasteners 155–6 206 Charlesworth, D. 211 Byer’s Close (Edinburgh) 302–3, 306 Carmuirs (Stirlingshire), coin 163, Chautard, J. 167 Byzantine coins 166 187, 189 Chesterman, J. T. 47, 48–53–6, 57 Carndonagh (County Donegal) 243 Chi Rho hooks at Cladh a’Bhile 242 Cadbury Castle (Somerset) 2 Carnoustie (Angus), West Haven, Childe, V. G.: Old Scatness Broch, Cadder (Lanarkshire), coin 162, 186 coins 185, 193 Shetland 92–3, 106, 107, 108; Cadzow Castle (Lanarkshire), coins Carpow (Perthshire) 189 Strichen stone circle 111, 119, 131 168 Carriden (West Lothian), coins: Chippindale, C. 157 Cairnderry chambered cairn 2 East Bonhard 163, 168, 186, 189; Christianity see churches; Cladh Cairnpapple Hill, henge monument Muiredge 168; stacks 168 a’Bhile; crosses; hexafoil (West Lothian) 29, 30, 31 Carrington (Midlothian), coin 168 chronology based on scientific dating cairns 29; long (Auchenlaich, Stirling) Carsethorn (Dumfriesshire), coin 169, see Old Scatness Broch 17; Raigmore 78; Strichen stone 196 churches 265; early see stone circle 119–20; see also chambered Carsie Mains (Perth & Kinross), emplacements; St Giles cairns; Isbister timber hall 30, 32, 33, 35, 36 (Edinburgh), roads near 298, 300, caitchpells in 1635 Edinburgh 194 Carsphairn (Kirkcudbrightshire) 169 302, 306, 307; see also Arbroath CAITHNESS/CAITHNESS-SHIRE Carter, S. P. 13, 77, 94 Abbey (HIGHLAND) 17; Crosskirk carved stone balls, aerodynamics of Cill-an-Suidhe/Cladh nan Righ, roundhouse 90, 94, 95; Old 61–75; diameters 75; dimensions Lismore (Argyll) 140 Stirkoke Farm, coin 164, 187, 189 and appearance 62–4; drag 64–7; circles: buildings see roundhouses; Caldwell, D. 249 mass distribution 70–1; possible concentric 30; pit 15; stone see Callander, J. G. 48, 203, 216 applications listed 74; size and mass recumbent stone circles; see also Callander (Stirlingshire) 137 optimized for throwing 69–73; spin timber circle Callercove, Eyemouth (Berwickshire), effect 67–8; theoretical optimum cists, stone 77 coin 175 69–70; throwing range calculated Clach an Dobhrain (Argyll) see Druim Calvinism 231 68–9; uses, possible 71–3 Fuar Cambridgeshire (England) 203; carved stones see Cladh a’Bhile CLACKMANNANSHIRE (FIFE): Maxey cursus 31 Carver, M. 250 Alloa, coin 166; Tullibody, coin Cambusmichael (Perthshire), coin Carzield Neolithic pit (Dumfries & 185 168 Galloway) 23, 24 Cladh a’Bhile, Ellary, (Mid-Argyll): Camelon (Stirlingshire), coin 162, Case, H. 84 Early Historic sculpture and 186, 187, 189 Cassieford Farm, Forres (Moray), landscape 237–58; crosses and Cameron, A. 166 coin 175 pellets 241–2, 243, 244–6; Cameron, C. 132 Castán, C. 166, 167, 183 decoding 246–9; interpretations Cameron, K. 24 Castle Hill (Edinburgh), burgage plots 250–4; Irish influence 240, 243–4, Cameron, N. 230 297, 300 251, 252, 254, 255; maps 238, 247; Campbell, E. 148, 252 Castle Menzies (Perth and Kinross), parallels and chronology 243–4; Campbell, M. 240, 246, 247–53 enclosure 30, 31 site described 239–41 Campbell, S. 157 Castle Sween (Argyll) 238, 249 Claish (Stirling), timber hall 15, 32, Candle Stane, Candle Hill Castledykes (Lanarkshire) 202; coins 34, 35, 36, 37, 39 (Aberdeenshire) 131, 132 163, 187 Clancy, T. 255 Candlemaker Row (Edinburgh) 298 castles 2, 141, 171, 307, 317, 318; Clark, J. G. D. 82 candlemakers (litsters) in 1635 coins at 166, 168, 169, 180, 183–4, Clarke, D. L. 83, 84 Edinburgh 274, 292 191; see also Edinburgh Castle Clarke, D. V. 63; Neolithic 9, 19, 25, Canonbie (Dumfrieshire), coin 164, cattle 106 27, 38 188 causewayed enclosures, Neolithic 35; Clarke, K. 85, 330 Canongate (Edinburgh), burgage plots lack of 27 Clarkly Hill, Burghead (Moray), ring 297–8, 300, 302, 305 cave dwelling see Gilmerton Cove pendant 157 Cant, M. 331 ‘Cave of Thorns’, Hawthorden Clava (Inverness-shire), Strahnairn, Caolisport, Loch/Loch Kylisled (Midlothian) 317–18 Bronze Age cremations 131 (Argyll) 254, 255; location 238, (Invernesshire), Kirkton of Cleaven Dyke (Perth & Kinross) 17, 247; west coast (Ru Chryn) 252; Barevan, coin 179 20, 28, 36 see also Cladh a’Bhilest Cayón, J. R. 166, 167, 183 Clegg, I. N. I. 48 Carbon 14 dating see radiocarbon Celtic-style decoration on Roman Clerk, M. 331 Card, N. 19 finds 205, 206; see also Iron Age Clettraval pottery 95 Cardean (Angus), coin 162, 187, 188, armlets Clickhimin broch (Shetland) 92 189 cemeteries see burials Clogher ringfort 253 Cardonnel, A. de 144–6, 147 ceramics see pottery Clonmacnoise 255 Cargill fort (Perthshire), coins 162–3, cereals: Neolithic 33; Old Scatness Closes and Wynds in Edinburgh 168, 169, 186, 188, 189 Broch, Shetland 96–7, 102–3, 105, 298–309 passim Carinated pottery 23, 38 106; see also barley clothing manufacture see tailors Carinish, North Uist 19 chambered cairns 2, 17, 26, 78; see Cluett, J. 19 Carlisle fort 187 also Isbister Clyde Valley 17 INDEX | 355

Coalsnaughton, Tillicoultry Craigdownings, Bridge of Allan Curle, C. 243 (Stirlingshire), coin 164, 188, 189 (Perthshire), button and loop Curle, J. 145, 203 cobblers and cordiners in 1635 fastener 150, 156 Currie, J. 316 Edinburgh 273–4, 291 Craigmillar (Midlothian), and castle Curriestanes (Dumfries & Galloway) coins 161–98; chronology 188–90; 317, 318 28 hoards 185–6; isolated finds 164–5; Craig’s Close (Edinburgh) 301, 309 cursus monuments, pit-defined mint/coinhouse in 1635 Edinburgh Crail (Fife), coins 169–70, 191, 192, (Neolithic) 15, 26, 27, 28, 30, 31, 294; paranumismatica 196–7; sites 193, 194, 195 38 162–4, 186–7; see also Medieval Crammag Head (Kirkmaiden, Curtis, Neil: Roman bronze vessels coin finds; seventeenth century Wigtownshire), coin 164, 187, 189 from Stoneywood 199–214 coins Cramond (Edinburgh) 202; coin 163, Cuthbert, O. D. 146, 147 Coldstream (Berwickshire), coins 169 189 Coleman, R. 297, 299, 302, 306 Cramond, W. 213 Dál Riata 252, 254, 255 Coles, F. 154; Gilmerton Cove crannach (tree-place) 248 Dalgamo, J. 213 314–15, 318, 320, 322, 323, 324, Crantit, Orkney 26 Dalland, M. 97, 98 331; Strichen stone circle 111, 119 Craster, H. H. E. 145 Dalry (Ayrshire), St John’s, Kendoon, Coles, J. M. 29 Crawford, J. 84 coin 165, 189 Coll (Sutherland): Dornoch Nursery Crawford, M. H. 162–5 Dalry (Kirkcudbrightshire), coins: Cist 84, 193; see also Sorisdale Creich, Bonar Bridge (Sutherland), Boatknowe 171; Holm of Dalry Collard, M. 307 coin 170 171; Waterside Farm 171 Collessie (Fife): coin 169; Neolithic cremation 47; Strichen stone circle Darvill, T. 18, 19, 21, 27 20 111, 116, 125, 131 Dashwood, Sir F. 319 Collier, L. 8 Crépin, G. 168, 177, 180 dating, scientificsee Old Scatness Collins, G. H. 249 Cressey, M. 77, 325–8 Broch Colston, J. 267, 273 Crew, P. 83 Davenport, J. S. 175 Columba, Saint 246 CROMARTY see ROSS & David I 307 Complex Atlantic Roundhouses 89, CROMARTY Davidson, J. L. 47, 50, 56 94, 105; see also Old Scatness Cromdale (Moray), coin 171 Davidson’s Mains (Edinburgh), coin Broch Croom, A. T. 153 174 Comrie, J. 4 cropmarks: Neolithic 8, 14–15, 27, 32, de Micheli, C. 208 Conn’s Close (Edinburgh) 301 35, 36, 37; see also agriculture de Tommaso, G. 211 Continental Beakers 84 Cross, S. 21, 35 Dean, J. S. 99 convening houses in 1635 Edinburgh crosses: cross-of-arcs motif at Cladh death see mortuary practice 285, 288 a’Bhile 244; Dupplin Cross, Ogam decoding landscape in Cladh a’Bhile Conzen, M. R. G. 297, 304 inscriptions 220; and pellets in 246–9 Cook, M. 206, 207 Early Historic sculpture 244–6; Dee, River 39 Cooney, G. 8, 18, 21 stone 229; see also Christianity Deer’s Den (Aberdeenshire), Neolithic Cornhill on Tweed, Shidlaw Crossietown (Orkney) 19 20 (Roxburghshire), coin 183 Crosskirk (Caithness), roundhouse 90, Deeside see Tomnaverie corporatism in 1635 Edinburgh 266 94, 95 den Boesterd, M. H. P. 203 Corsekelly farm, St Combs cross-of-arcs and pellets at Cladh Denbigh, Earl of 144 (Aberdeenshire): coins 182, 193, a’Bhile 241–2, 243, 244–6 Denholm (Roxburghshire) 82 194, 196; Roman finds 210, 211–12 crouched interment 47, 48 Denmark: coins from 182, 196; Corson, F. R. 157 Croy Hill (Dunbartonshire), coins Neolithic 25 Coshieville (Perthshire) 251 163, 186 Dennison, P. 297, 298, 299, 303, 307 Cothiemuir Wood (Aberdeenshire) Cruden, S. 230 Deskford carynx 135 112, 125, 129 Cubbon, A. M. 243 developer-funded excavation 17 Cottam, S. 211 Culbin Sands (Moray), beaded torc Diack, F. C. 225 Coulston, J. C. N. 206 150, 153–4, 155 Dickson’s Close (Edinburgh) 301 Coupar Angus (Perthshire), coins 169 Culduthel (Inverness-shire): cist/ Dieudonné, A. 169, 171 court hill, Druim Fuar as 248–9 beaker 77, 78; coin 164, 187, 189 Dingwall, H. M. 260–1, 270, 273, Coutt’s Close (Edinburgh) 302 Cullen (Banffshire), Seafield Estate, 274, 277 Covenanters 317 coins 171 Dinneen, P. S. 253 Cowe, I. 212 Culross (Fife), coins 171, 183, 193 dipper-strainer set, Eggers (Type 160/ Cowen, J. D. 144, 145 Culvennan Farm, Glenlochar 161) 202–3; see also Stoneywood Cowgate Loch (Edinburgh) 298, 303, (Kirkcudbrightshire), coin 177 disease traceable in bones (Orkney) 307 Cumbria (England), Great Langdale 49–55 Cowie (Stirlingshire), Chapelfield 21, 23 ditches: enclosures 27; linear 79; ring 22, 24 Cummings, V. 8, 17, 26, 39 31, 77, 78 Cowie, T. G. 25, 82, 84, 138 Cummins, W. A. 225 Dockrill, Stephen 49; Old Scatness Cowley, D. C. 13, 15, 16, 27 Cunliffe, B. W. 106, 107, 108 Broch 77–88 Cox, M. 49, 55 Cunningsburgh (Shetland), early Dodgson, C. 157 Coygan (Carmarthen), Celtic-style Medieval inscriptions 220, 224 Doide quarries (Argyll) 238, 249 decoration 206 cupmarks 111 domesticates 9 356 | SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES OF SCOTLAND, 2006

Donside (Aberdeenshire) 111; Candle Dumfriesshire (cont) East Haven (Angus), coins 164, 174, Stane, Candle Hill 132; Cothiemuir 173, 174; Durisdeer 163, 174, 187, 189, 193 Wood 112, 125, 129 189; Ecclefechan 165; Glen Isle EAST LOTHIAN: Athelstaneford, Doon Hill (East Lothian), timber hall 177; Gretna 164; Hollywood 178; coins 167, 191, 194; coins see 32, 36 Ingleston Motte 178; Keir Mill 179; EAST LOTHIAN, coins in; Doon Dores (Inverness-shire): Byzantine Kirkton, East Gallaberry 163, 187, Hill, timber hall 32, 36; Dunbar coin 166; Iron Age decorative 188; Lamington 179; Merkland 297; Eweford 30, 31, 84; Gullane, metalwork 150, 152 180; Netherby 164; Sanquhar 182; St Andrews church 232; Neolithic Dornoch (Sutherland), coins 172–3, Tynron Doon 185 10, 11, 12, 13; Pencraig Hill 26; 190, 191, 192, 194, 196; Burghfield Dun A’Bhealich (Argyll) 238, 247–8, Stenton 82; Traprain Law 203, 206; 164; Meikle Ferry 180; Nursery 253 see also Eweford; Haddington Cist 84, 193 Dun Carloway, Lewis (Ross & EAST LOTHIAN, coins in: Douglasmuir (Angus), Neolithic Cromarty) 105 Barbachlaw, Wallyford 164, 188, enclosure 30 Dun Mor Vaul, Tiree (Ireland) 93 189; Gladsmuir, Hoprig Farm 177; Doune see Bows of Doune Dun Vulan, South Uist Harpendean Farm 165, 178, 189; drag, aerodynamic 64–7 (Inverness-shire) 90, 95, 97, 98, 100 Hoprig Farm, Gladsmuir 177; Dranson, P. 175 Dunadd (Argyll) 246, 248, 252, 253, Longniddry 180, 196; Luffness, Drenth, E. 84 254 Aberlady 165, 166, 188, 193; drinking clubs 319; Gilmerton as Dunbar (East Lothian) 297 North Berwick 181; Seton Sands supposed venue for 316–17, 318, DUNBARTONSHIRE: Alexandria, 183, 192 329 Drumkinnon Farm, coin 164, East Mid Lamberkin (Perthshire); coin Driscoll, S. T. 5, 252, 253, 254; on 188; Croy Hill, coin 163, 186; 163, 187, 188 Leslie Alcock 1–6 Dumbarton 2, 3 East Wemyss (Fife), coin 174 Droughduil (Dumfries & Galloway), Dunblane (Stirlingshire) 137 Easter Cash Farm, Falkland (Fife), ‘Motte’ 17 Dundee Castle, streets near 307 coin 175 Druim Fuar/Clach an Dobhrain Dundurn (Perthshire) 2, 3, 4 Easter Happrew (Peebleshire), coins (Argyll) 238, 247, 248–9, 251, 252, Dunfermline (Fife) 297; Abbey 230; 163, 187, 188 253 coins 174, 181, 191, 196; Pitreavie, Easter Softlaw Farm, Kelso Drum Street (Edinburgh) see coins 181, 196 (Roxbughshire), coin 165, 179, Gilmerton Cove Dungworth, D. B. 150 188, 189 Drumkinnon Farm, Alexandria Dunipace House (Stirlingshire), coin Easterhouse, Glasgow, coins 177 (Dunbartonshire), coin 164, 188 174 Easterton of Roseisle (Moray) 20 Drumoig (Fife), Neolithic 20, 21 Dunkeld (Perthshire), coins 174, 191 Ecclefechan (Dumfriesshire), Greek dry stone walls, origin in Western Dunragit (Dumfries & Galloway), coin 165 Isles 94 enclosure 30, 31, 32, 190 Echline (West Lothian), South Dubton Farm (Angus) 24 Duns (Berwickshire), coins 174, 190; Queensferry, coin 163, 189 Dumbarton (Dunbartonshire) 2, 3 Kirk Brae, Preston 174 Edgar, W. 266, 267, 273, 274 Dumfries, coins: Kilncroft Farm 173; Duntulm, Skye (Highland), bronze Edinburgh Castle: Queen Anne Trohoughton Farm 174 bracelet from 139 Building, coins 175; St Margaret’s DUMFRIESSHIRE (DUMFRIES Dunure (Ayrshire), coin 174 Chapel 230, 232; streets near 307 & GALLOWAY): Beckton Farm, Dunwell, A. 36 Edinburgh, City of: Burdiehouse, coin Neolithic 20, 21, 22, 24; Carzield Duplessy, J. 173, 177, 181, 182, 183, 174; carved stone balls 61, 62, 70, Neolithic pit 23, 24; coins see 185 73; Castle see Edinburgh Castle; DUMFRIESSHIRE (DUMFRIES Dupplin Cross, Ogam inscriptions 220 coins 163, 174, 175, 189, 192, 197; & GALLOWAY), coins in; Durisdeer (Dumfriesshire), coins 163, Cowgate, coins 174, 192; Cramond, Curriestanes 28; Droughduil, 174, 187, 189 coin 163, 189; Davidson’s Mains, ‘Motte’ 17; Dunragit enclosure Durkan, J. 298, 303 coin 174; Fairmilehead, coin 30, 31, 32, 190; Eskdalemuir Durno (Aberdeenshire), Roman camp 175, 197; Holyrood Palace, coin bank burrow 16; Hoddomcross 202 175; Holyrood Road, coin 175; Church 231; Holm, enclosure 30, Durris (Aberdeenshire) 20 Maybury Park, coins 175; Neolithic 31; Holywood South cropmark Dyce, (Aberdeenshire): Grandhome 10, 11; occupations in 1635 see 28, 31; Inch church 232; Little Estate, coins 174; Mill of, Neolithic occupational mapping; Ratho Dalton church 233; Lochhill site 20; Roman bronze vessels Quarry 20, 21; shops and booths 29; Neolithic 10, 11, 12, 21, 22, 202 in 1635 262, 263, 268–9, 278, 23, 24, 28, 29, 30; Torthorwald, Dye, T. J. 51 280, 281; see also burgage plots; The Syke, Lochar Moss 165, Gilmerton Cove 186, 187–8; see also Dumfries; Early Historic Period see Cladh Edmonds, M. R. 18, 61 KIRKCUDBRIGHTSHIRE; a’Bhile Edrom Church (Berwickshire) 231 WIGTOWNSHIRE early Medieval inscriptions see Edwards, K. J. 8, 99 DUMFRIESSHIRE (DUMFRIES & inscriptions, early Medieval Edwards, N. 240 GALLOWAY), coins in: Balcarry, earthwork enclosures, Neolithic 26–9 Eggers, H. 202 Glenluce 167; Bush Moor, Bush East Gallaberry, Kirkton Egilsay church 230, 235 of Craigs 168, 190; Canonbie 164, (Dumfriesshire), coins 163, 187, Eileach An Naominh (Argyll), 188; Carsethorn 169, 196; Dumfries 188 Garvellachs 240, 250–1 INDEX | 357

Eilean Domhuill, North Uist Fairhurst, H. 91 Fochabers, Boghead (Moray) 20, 83, (Inverness-shire) 19, 25 Fairmilehead (Edinburgh), coin 175 85 Eillery see Ellary fairs in 1635 Edinburgh 267–8 Fogo (Berwickshire), coin 175, 196 Elgin 297; Castle, streets near 307 Fairweather, A. 16, 32, 34, 35 Fojut, N. 105, 108 Ellary House/Garden Cottage (Argyll) Falkirk (Stirlingshire), Kinnaird Hill, Food Vessels, Beechwood Park 82, 85 238, 243, 250, 251–2, 253; see also coin 183 Fordoun (Aberdeenshire), early Cladh a’Bhile Falkland (Fife), Easter Cash Farm, Medieval inscriptions 221, 222, Elliott, R. W. V. 216, 219 coins 175 223, 225 Ellis, C. 30, 31 Fanning, T. 240, 244 Forester’s Wynd (Edinburgh) 305 embroiderers/brodinsters in 1635 farming see agriculture Forfar (Angus): Glamis, Iron Age Edinburgh 262, 273, 290 Farr, J. R. 266 armlets 135, 148; Newbarns Farm, enamelled mount, Innesmill (Moray) Fawcett, R. 230, 234 coin 175 154, 155 Feachem, R. W. 7 Formaston (Aberdeenshire), early enclosures (mainly Neolithic) 20, 21, Ferguson, J. 232, 233 Medieval inscriptions 216, 221, 26–9, 32, 190; causewayed 35; Fernie, E. C. 230 222, 223, 225 palisaded 15, 16, 27, 30, 31, 38 Fetlar (Shetland): Iron Age armlets Forneck, C. 260 encryption of early Medieval 135, 136, 141–8, 149, 151 Forres (Moray), coins 164; Cassieford inscriptions unlikely 216–18 Fetteresso (Aberdeenshire), St Ciaran Farm 175 Engel, A. 182 church 232 Forsyth, K.: terminal sounds 215, England: Anglo-Saxon churches Fetternear (Aberdeenshire), coins 175 216–17, 219, 220, 221, 224, 225 227, 230, 234; Carlisle fort field-survey 17 Forteviot (Perthshire) 2, 4, 252, 254; 187; causewayed enclosures 35; field-systems 19 palisaded enclosures 30; Railway churches 227, 229; coins 191, fieldwalking 8, 17 Field/School Field, coins 164, 186, 195; connections with 93, 106; FIFE: coins see FIFE, coins in; 187, 188, 189 Cumbria 23; Gloucestershire Drumoig, Neolithic 20, 21; Forth (Lanarkshire) 148; Iron Age 48; Hellfire Club 319; Medieval Glenduckie church 234; Iron Age decorative metalwork 151 coins in finds 166–73passim , armlets 149; Neolithic 10, 11, Fortrose (Cromarty), coins 175–7, 175–85 passim, 190–2, 195, 196; 12, 21, 26, 30, 32; Scoonie, early 190, 191, 192, 194, 196 Neolithic remains 18, 23, 26, 31, Medieval inscriptions 220, 223, forts 253; Carlisle 187; nuclear 247–8; 47–8, 57; Norfolk 220, 224; Ogam 225; see also Balfarg; Burntisland; Perthshire see Cargill inscriptions 220, 224; Romans in Clackmannanshire; Collessie; Foskett, D. 157 149, 203; urban occupations 260; Dunfermline; Kinross-shire; St four, significance of 245 Wiltshire 48; Yorkshire 31, 203; Andrews Fouw, R. de 61 see also Cambridgeshire; Irchester; FIFE, coins in: Aberdour 166, Fowler, C. 8, 26, 39 Northumberland; Yorkshire 196; Alloa 166; Anstruther 166; Fox Plantation, Stranraer ephemeral traces, Neolithic 22–5 Balmerino 167–8; Crail 169–70, (Wigtownshire), Neolithic 20, 21 Eremin, K. 141, 204 191, 192, 193, 194, 195; Culross France, coins from 167, 168, 170–85 Erskine Harbour (Glasgow), coin 177, 171, 183, 193; East Wemyss passim, 196 192 174; Falkland 175; Fife (town), Franzius, G. 206 Esk river see ‘Cave of Thorns’ Buckhaven, Institution Street 164, Fraser, I. 252, 253, 254 Eskdalemuir (Dumfries & Galloway), 189; Grange of Lindores, Grange Fraser, J. 199 bank burrow 16 Farm 177; Inverkeithing 179; Fraser, S. 17, 32, 33, 39 Etruscan language 218 Kinghorn 179, 191; St Monans Frere, S. S. 156, 213 Europe: coins from 168, 170–85 182; Scotlandwell 182; Shiresmill, Fussell’s Lodge (Wiltshire) 48 passim, 191, 195–6; European Bell Blairhall, Culross 183; Strathmiglo Fyfe, W. W. 163 Beaker 84; Neolithic 39; script 184; Tayport 184; Tullibody 185 Fyfe’s Close (Edinburgh) 301, 305 216; urban occupations 260; see Fife Ness, Neolithic 20 also Austria; Denmark; France; Findo Gask (Strathearn), Perthshire, Gaelic language 251 Germany; Netherlands; Portugal; coins 163, 186 Gainer Hill (Lanarkshire), Roman Sicily; Spain; Sweden Finlayson, B. 82, 83 dipper-strainer 203 Evans, Sir A. and Sir J. 213 Fintray see Mill of Fintray Galloway, W. 237, 239–40, 241, 242, Ewan, E. 297, 298, 299 Fisher, I. 237, 240, 241, 243–6 passim, 251 Ewart, G. 249 249 Garmouth (Moray), Binn Hill Iron Eweford (East Lothian): Beaker find Fitzpatrick, A. 84, 150 Age decorative metalwork 153 84; enclosure 30, 31 Fitzpatrick, E. 251, 252, 253 Garpit (Fife), Neolithic 20 exposure and defleshing of bones flabellum design at Cladh a’Bhile Garvellachs (Argyll), Eileach An 48–9, 51–2; postulated see Isbister 242 Naominh 240 extended interment 47 flag raft, Old Scatness Broch Gask (Aberdeenshire), Roman Eye/Uidh, Lewis, (Ross & Cromarty), (Shetland) 100, 101, 102 Frontier 187 St Columba church 232 flankers at Strichen stone circle 111, Gaul 205 Eyemouth (Berwickshire), coins 175 112, 114–15, 119, 125, 126, 128 geophysical survey 8 Eynort, Loch, Borline, Skye fleshers see butchers Germany: coins from 167, 168, 170, (Highland), St Maelrubha church flint knapping 32, 125, 126;see also 173–5 passim, 179, 182–4 passim, 232 plano-convex flint knife 191, 195–6; Roman finds from 202 358 | SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES OF SCOTLAND, 2006

Gibson, A. M. 16, 28, 30, 81 Grange of Lindores (Fife), Grange Harris, Isle of (Inverness-shire): Gilhooley, J. 261 Farm, coin 177 Rodil/Rodel church 234; Rudh’ Gillon’s Close (Edinburgh) 301 Grant, J. 199, 317 an Teampuill church 233; Sielbost Gilmerton Cove (Edinburgh) 311–32; Grant, W. G. 48, 203 sandpit, coin 183 cottage above 325–8; drinking Grantshouse (Berwickshire), coin Harris, S. 273, 274, 276 club theory 316–17, 318, 329; 177 Harrynger’s Close (Edinburgh) 305 excavation 311, 320–5; finds Grassmarket (Edinburgh) 298 Hävernick, W. 167 175, 326, 328, 330; graffiti and graves see burials Hawkes, C. F. C. 149 ‘inscriptions’ 314, 318, 325, 327, Great Cumbrae (Bute), Kirkton 243 Hawthorden, near Roslin (Midlothian), 330; historic building survey 311; Great Glen 139 ‘Cave of Thorns’ 317–18 historical research 311, 314–17; Great Langdale, Cumbria 23 Heald, A. 77, 83, 135 layout 311–13; in literature 317–20; Greek coins 165 Hedges, J. W.: Neolithic 47, 49, 56, location maps 312; plan of 313; Greenan (Ayrshire), Doonfoot, coins 57; Old Scatness Broch, Shetland pottery and glass 326, 328; recent 178 93–4, 98 survey by GPR 311, 312, 320; Greenloaning (Perthshire), inscription Heilbron, J. 334 rooms and passages 311–12, 313, 220, 224 Hellfire Clubs 319 324–5, 329; smiths 315, 316, 321 Gregory, T. 203 Helmsdale (Sutherland), Roman Gilmour, S. 89, 105 Greig, M. 23, 31 strainer 202, 203 Gladsmuir (East Lothian), Hoprig Gress (Isle of Lewis): Back Beach, Henderson, D. 326, 328, 330 Farm, coin 177 coin 178; Township Peats, coin Henderson, G. 243, 245 Gladstone’s Close and Land 178 Henderson, I. 245 (Edinburgh) 299, 302 Gretna (Dumfriesshire), coin 164 Henderson, J. 148 Glamis, Forfar (Angus), Iron Age Greyfriars Kirk (Edinburgh) 298 henge monuments and Neolithic 15, armlets 135, 148 Grinsell, L. V. 48 26, 27, 30, 31, 36, 38 GLASGOW, CITY OF, coins: Grooved Ware, Neolithic 21, 25, 36, Henig, M. 205 Crookston Castle 171; Easterhouse 38 Henry, F. 243, 250 177; Erskine Harbour 177, 192 Grose, F. 144, 146 Henry, L. 53 glass: cup, Roman (Westray) 146; ground-penetrating radar survey 311, Henshall, A. S. 47, 50, 56, 203, 213 Gilmerton Cove (Edinburgh) 326, 312, 320 Herald Hill (Perth & Kinross), long 328; Roman 107, 145, 146, 207 Grout, A. 145 barrow 17 Glastonbury Lake Village (England) Guido, M. 148 Herity, M. 243 106 guilds in 1635 Edinburgh 266 hermeneutics 17 Glen Isle (Dumfriesshire), coins 177 Gullane (East Lothian), St Andrews hexafoil (marigold) at Cladh a’Bhile Glenduckie (Fife), church 234 church 232 241, 242, 243–4, 250 Glenearn (Perth & Kinross), church Gurness (Orkney), inscriptions on Hicks, K. 85, 330 232, 234 knife handles 216, 222, 223 Higgins Neuk, Airth (Stirlingshire), Glenforsa (Mull), coin 177 coin 166 Glenlochar (Kirkcudbrightshire), Haddington (East Lothian): High Cocklaw, Berwick (Borders) 82 Culvennan Farm, coin 177 Harpendean Farm coin 165, 178, High Street (Edinburgh), burgage plots Glenluce (Dumfriesshire), coin 167 189; Stenton 82 297, 298, 300, 302 Glenshee (Perthshire), Roman dipper- Hadrian’s Wall 203 HIGHLAND: Ackergill, Keiss strainer 203 Haggarty, A. 30 Bay 220, 222; Kilcoy South 26; Gloucestershire (England) 48 Haggarty, G. 323, 326, 328 Kinbeachie Farm 17, 19, 20, 21; gold coins 195, 210, 213 Hall, D. W. 297, 307 Neolithic 10, 11, 17, 19; see also goldsmiths in 1635 Edinburgh 262, Hall, M. A. 163 CAITHNESS; Golspie; Iona; 266 Halliday, S. 30, 31 Raigmore; Skye; SUTHERLAND Golspie (Highland): beach 63; early Hamilton, J. R. C. 90–1, 92, 106 ‘Highlandism’ 7 Medieval inscriptions 216, 221, Hammersmith, H. 77, 80–1 Hindle, P. 277 222, 223, 225 hammerstone at Strichen stone circle Hingley, R. 132 Gondek, Meggen M.: Early Historic 116, 125, 126 Hoare, R. C. 47–8 sculpture and landscape of Cladh Hampshire-Monk, I.: Strichen Hobbs, B. and A. 320 a’Bhile 237–58 recumbent stone circle 99–110 Hobley, A. S. 207 Gooder, J. 13 Hanging Shaw, Selkirk, bead from Hodder, I. 150 Goodwin, G. 144 154 Hoddomcross Church (Dumfries & Gordon, H. 152 Hanson, B. 15, 16 Galloway) 231 Gordon, James (of Rothiemay): map Hanson, W. S. 199 Hogestijn, W. J. H. 84 of Edinburgh (1647) 263–6 Harbison, P. 240 Hogg, D. J. 29, 34 GPR (ground-penetrating radar) Harding, D. W. 94, 120 Holden, T. 106 survey 311, 312, 320 Harding, J. 15, 31, 38 Hollywood (Dumfriesshire), coins 178 grain see cereals Harford, C. J. 146, 157 Holm (Dumfries & Galloway), Grandhome Estate, Dyce, Harkness, D. D. 98, 99 enclosure 30, 31 (Aberdeenshire), coins 174 Harpendean Farm, Haddington (East Holmes, N. M. McQ.: Roman and Grandtully (Perth & Kinross), Lothian), coin 165, 178, 189 Medieval coins 154, 161–98, Neolithic 20 Harray (Orkney) 146 202–3, 206, 275, 297 INDEX | 359

Holyrood (Edinburgh): Castle, streets Innermessan, Inch, Stranraer Ireland (cont) near 307; Palace, coin 175; Road (Wigtownshire), coins 178 Romans 149, 202; sacred trees 175, 298 Innes, G. 211 and holy sites 251, 252, 253; Holywood South (Dumfries & Innesmill (Moray), enamelled mount Templeteenaun (County Wicklow) Galloway), cropmark 28, 31 154, 155 240 Hope’s Court (Edinburgh) 302, 305, inscriptions, early Medieval, Irish Sea 39 306 constraints on terminal sounds in Iron Age 203, 246; Atlantic 94; Roman Hoprig Farm, Gladsmuir (East 215–26, 229; linguistic nature of see Iron Age massive armlets; see Lothian), coin 177 216–18; not encrypted 215–16; also Jarlshof; Old Scatness Broch; horizontal alignment of stone see other ‘words’ in (MAQQ/MEQQ roundhouses; Strichen recumbent vertical and horizontal and EDDARNONN) 225; sound stone circle Horne, P. D. 16 constraints 218; as true language Iron Age massive armlets 135–60; Horse Cross, Perth, coins 181 215; see also terminal sounds metalwork tradition in British Isles Horse Wynd (Edinburgh) 298 Insular art see Cladh a’Bhile 148–51; unpublished details 136–48 horses and stables in 1635 Edinburgh Inveravon (Stirlingshire), Polmont, iron cleaver at Old Scatness Broch 106 263, 270, 280, 282 coin 178, 191 Isbister (Orkney), Neolithic house, Neolithic, definition difficulties Inverbervie (Aberdeenshire), coin 178 chambered cairn and mortuary 18 Inverboyndie (Banffshire), Whitehills, practice 47–60; evidence from other Howe of Cromar see Tomnaverie coins 178–9, 196 Orcadian cairns 48–9; results and Howe (Orkney) 94, 95, 97 Inveresk (West Lothian): coins 163; discussions 51–7; study methods Hubbard, M. 67–8 Roman bath house 144 50–1 Huddart, J. 252 Inverkeithing (Fife), coin 179 Islay, Isle of: Kidalton church 232; Hull, M. R. 149 Inverness 297; Beaker artefacts see Kilchiaran Chapel 234–5; Loch Humble Farm, Aberdour (Fife), coin Beechwood Park; carved stone Lossit, coins 180, 191 166, 196 balls 70; Castle, streets near 307; Isle of Man: and Cladh a’Bhile Hunt, J. 73 coin 179 243, 249; Kirkmichael, Ogam Hunter, F.: coins 164, 168; Iron Age INVERNESS-SHIRE: Aldourie, Iron inscriptions 220, 224 massive armlets 135–60; Roman Age decorative metalwork 150, bronze vessels from Stoneywood 151, 152; Allanfearn, coin 166; Jackson, A. 215, 222–3, 225 199–214 Ardesier, coins 167; Balnuaran of jambs, arch (churches) 227, 228, 232 Hunter, J. R. 19 Clava 26; Iron Age armlets 149, James Close and Close (Edinburgh) Hunterston (Ayrshire), Hunterston 150, 151, 152; Kingussie, Ruthven 301, 302 Estate, coin 178 Barracks, coin 179; Kirkton of Jarlshof (Shetland) 92, 94, 105 Huntingtower (Perthshire), Neolithic Barevan, Cawdor, coin 179; Milton Jervise, A. 148 16 of Culloden, coins 181; Muir of Jorgensen, L. 213 Hurly Hawkin (Angus): armlet 151; Ord, coin 181; Neolithic 10, 11; Johnson, D. A. 17, 24, 84 bronze fragment 203 Nethy Bridge, coin 181; Redcastle, Johnson, M.: Gilmerton Cove Hynd Castle, Monikie, (Angus), coin Beauly, coins 182; South Uist, Dun (Edinburgh) excavations 311–32 166 Vulan 90, 95, 97, 100; Strathnairn, Jones, A. 17 Clava, Bronze Age cremations Jones, R. 14 igneous rock in early Scottish 131; Tarradale, Muir of Ord , coins Jones, S. 150 churches 227, 230, 232, 233, 235 184; see also Culdethel; Dores; Illeray, North Uist (Inverness-shire) Inverness; North Uist Keating, D. 17 252 Inverurie (Aberdeenshire), recumbent Keills/Kilmory Knap (Argyll) 238, immigration model for brochs 93 stone circle 72 247, 249, 251 Impressed Ware, Neolithic 23 Iona (Highland) 229; Early Historic Keir Mill (Dumfriesshire), coin 179 inaugural landscpae see Cladh a’Bhile sculpture 241, 246, 249, 254, 255; Keiss Bay, Ackergill (Highland) 220, Inch (Wigtownshire): church 232; early Medieval inscriptions 218 222 Innermessan, coins 178 Irchester (Northamptonshire) 203; Keith-Falconer, A. 211 Inchaffray (Perthshire), coin 178, 190 Irchester-type bowl 208n Kells, New Galloway (Ayrshire), coin Inchbare (Angus), cropmarks 30 Ireland: and Argyll (Cladh a’Bhile) 179 Inchmarnock, Bute (Argyll), coins 240, 243–4, 251, 252, 254, 255; Kelly, S. 260, 277 178 Carndonagh (County Donegal) 243; Kelso (Roxburghshire), coins: Easter Inchture (Perthshire), coin 165, 178, Clogher (County Tyrone) 251; coins Softlaw Farm 165, 179, 188, 189; 189 from 167, 170–3, 177–85 passim; Mid Softlaw Farm 179 (Perthshire) 26 Durrow 255; early Medieval Kendoon (Ayrshire), St John’s, Dalry, Inchyra (Perthshire): coins 165; early inscriptions in Irish Ogam 217, 219; coin 165, 189 Medieval inscriptions 220, 223 Kinnitty 255; language and script Kendrick, J. 30 infield, arable/manured, Old Scatness 217, 219, 220; Nendrum (County Kennett, D. H. 203, 208 broch 105–6, 108 Down) 240; Neolithic 8, 18, 21, 35; Keppie, L. 199 Ingemark, D. 211 Newry (County Down), Iron Age Kermode, P. M. C. 243 Ingleston Motte (Dumfries & armlet 139; Old Irish language 220; Kerr, G. 201 Galloway), coin 178 place-names 251; Rathcroghan) Kerrsknowe Farm (Roxburghshire), Inglis, J. 213 254; Reask (County Kerry) 244; Quarry Field, coin 179 360 | SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES OF SCOTLAND, 2006

Kidalton (Islay), church 232 Kirkton of Barevan (Inverness-shire), Lewis, Isle of (Ross & Cromarty): Kilberry (Argyll) 243 Cawdor, coin 179 Bosta Beach, coins 168; Bragar, Kilbride-Jones, H. 111, 119, 131, 148, Kjaerum, P. 25 coin 168, 196; Dun Carloway 105; 213 Klawans, Z. H. 173 Eye, Uidh, St Columba church 232; Kilchiaran Chapel (Islay) 234–5 Knap of Howar (Orkney) 19 see also Gress Kilcoy South (Highland) 26 Knapdale (Argyll) see Cladh a’Bhile Libberton’s Wynd (Edinburgh) 305 Kilhern (Wigtownshire), Neolithic 20 Knaresborough (Yorkshire) 203 Liberton 314–16 Kilmory Knap/Keills (Argyll) 238, knife/knives: handle, inscribed 216, Liff (Angus), coin 180 247, 249, 251 220, 222, 223, 224; Sketewan 83; linear avenues, Neolithic 31 Kilncroft Farm, Dumfries, coins 173 see also plano-convex flint Knight, linguistic nature of early Medieval Kiltry Knock 82 W. 199, 201 inscriptions 216–18 Kilvaxter, Skye (Highland), coins Knüsel, C. 51, 57 Linnhe, Loch, island in see Lismore 179, 191 Krawczyk, R. 154 Lismore (Argyll), Iron Age armlets Kinbeachie Farm (Highland) 17, 19, Künzl, E. 205 136, 138–41, 148, 149, 151 20, 21 Kyle of Tongue (Sutherland), coin literature, Gilmerton Cove in 317–20 KINCARDINESHIRE 179, 195 Lithic Scatters Database 17 (Aberdeenshire) 12 Kylisled, Loch see Caoliport litsters (candlemakers) in 1635 Kindleberger, C. P. 266 Edinburgh 274, 292 Kingarth Quarry (Argyll and Bute), La Tène brooches 148–9 Little Dalton (Dumfries & Galloway), Neolithic buildings 21 Lady Stair’s Close (Edinburgh) church 233 Kinghorn (Fife), coins 179, 191 302 Little Gight (Aberdeenshire), kingship, Early Historic inaugural Laing, L. and J. 135, 224 Neolithic 20 rituals see Cladh a’Bhile Lamberton church (Borders) 233 Littleour (Perth & Kinross), timber Kingussie (Inverness-shire), Ruthven Lamington (Dumfriesshire), coins hall 20, 32, 33 Barracks, coin 179 179 livestock 96–7, 103, 104; see also Kinnaird Hill, Falkirk (Stirlingshire), LANARKSHIRE: Bearsden, coin butchers coin 183 162, 186, 189; Bothwellhaugh Loanhead of Daviot (Aberdeenshire) Kinnes, I. 9, 11, 13; work on Neolithic 243; Brownsbank, Neolithic 14, 112, 129 discussed by Brophy 7–45 26; Cadder, coin 162, 186; Cadzow lochans, twin (Cladh a’Bhile) 248 Kinnesswood Farm (Kinross-shire), Castle, coins 168; coins 162, Lochar Moss, The Syke, Torthorwald coins 179 168, 186, 189; Gainer Hill, (Dumfriesshire), coin 165, 186, Kinnord Loch (Aberdeenshire), Roman dipper-strainer 203; 187–8 perfume bottle 210, 211 Melbourne, Neolithic 17, 20; Lochfergus Castle site KINROSS-SHIRE: Kinnesswood Neolithic 10, 11, 12, 14, 20, 26; (Kirkcudbright), coin 180 Farm, coins 179; Milnathort, Orwell Wellbrae 36; West Lindsaylands Lochill (Dumfries & Galloway) 29 Farm, coins 180; Neolithic 15 27; see also Biggar Common; Lochlands (Stirlingshire), coins 163, Kinsley, J. 144 Castledykes; Forth 186, 187 Kintore (Aberdeenshire): coin 179; Lancashire, Risley strainer 205 Lochside Farm, Sanquhar Neolithic mortuary structures 26; landscape and sculpture see Cladh (Dumfriesshire), coins 182 Roman camp 202, 206, 207 a’Bhile Logie House inscription 220 Kintyre’s Close (Edinburgh) 301 Lane, A. 247, 248 Logierait (Perthshire), coin 180 Kirby, N. M. 77 Langhope (Selkirkshire), coin 180 Loney, H. 26 Kirk Brae, Preston (Berwickshire), Langton,J. 260, 261 Longhill (Moray) 20 coins 174 Lanting, J. 84 longhouse, Neolithic timber 35 Kirk Yetholm (Roxburghshire), Witch Larner, I. 139 Longniddry (East Lothian), coins 180, Cleugh, coins 179 Latheron (Highland), early Medieval 196 Kirkcudbright, coins 165, 179, 189; inscriptions 220, 224, 225 Longworth, I. H. 82 Lochfergus Castle 180 Latin inscriptions 216, 218 Lopez-Jiminez, O. 132 KIRKCUDBRIGHTSHIRE (Dumfries Lawnmarket (Edinburgh), burgage Lorimer, D. H. 52 & Galloway): Carsphairn, plots 297, 298, 300, 302 lorimers see smiths coin 169; Culvennan Farm, Lawrence, D.: Neolithic mortuary Lossit, Loch, (Islay), coins 180, 191 Glenlochar, coin 177; Plunton practice in Orkney 47–60 Loveday, R. 15, 18, 27, 37 Castle, bracelet 141; Tongland, Leadketty (Perth and Kinross), Low, B. 331 coin 184; see also Balmaclellan; palisaded enclosure 27, 30 Low, Revd. G. 145, 146–8 Dalry (Kirkcudbrightshire); Ledingham, J. 83 Low-Bellied S-profile Beaker 84 Kirkcudbright; Whithorn Lee, G. E. 15 Low-Carinated Beaker 84 Kirkmaiden (Wigtownshire), Leeds, E. T. 135 Lowe, C. 91 Crammag Head, coin 164, 187, 189 Leeuw, S. van der 81 Lucas, A. T. 251 Kirkmichael (Isle of Man), Ogam Lehr, E. 182 Luce Sands (Wigtownshire), Neolithic inscriptions 220, 224 Leith Wynd (Edinburgh) 298, 302 20 Kirkton (Bute), Great Cumbrae 243 Lelong, O. 13, 26, 30, 31 Luffness, Aberlady (East Lothian), Kirkton (Dumfriesshire), coin 163 Lesmoir (Aberdeenshire) see Mains of coins 165, 166, 188, 193 Kirkton (Fife), Burntisland, St Serf Lesmoir lunar association at Strichen 111 church 229, 232 Lever, C. 44 Lund Hansen, U. 202, 203 INDEX | 361

Lunnasting (Orkney), early Medieval Maxwell, G. S. 243; Neolithic 8, 14, Milton of Rattray (Perth & Kinross) inscriptions 216, 217, 220, 223 15, 16, 26, 27, 28, 32, 36; Roman 30 Lynch, M.: on Edinburgh: burgage bronze 199, 206 mint/coinhouse in 1635 Edinburgh plots 297, 298, 307; occupational Maybole (Ayrshire), North Mains 294 mapping (1635) 259, 265, 266, Farm, coin 180 Mitchie, C. 201 277 Maybury Park (Edinburgh), coins 175 Mitchiner, M. 168, 173, 174, 175, 179, Mayhew, N. J. 170 180, 182, 184 Macalister, R. A. S. 215–23 passim Maynard, D. 23, 24 ‘mobile Neolithic hypothesis’ 18 McCormack, T. 137 medical trades in 1635 Edinburgh Monikie (Angus), Hynd Castle, coin Macdonald, G. 185, 213 274–5, 293 166 Macdonald, M.: carved stone balls Medieval bronze tripod pot 199 Monquhitter (Aberdeenshire), stud 61–75 Medieval coin finds (until 1707) 154 McDonnell, G. 83 166–85, 190–4; 12th–14th centuries Monteith’s Close (Edinburgh) 302 MacGregor, G. 72; Neolithic 13, 26, 190–1; 14th–15th centuries 191–2; monumentality defined in Neolithic 30, 31 16th century 192–3 9, 13, 15–16, 26–32, 89; earthwork MacGregor, M.: Iron Age armlets 135, Medieval inscriptions see inscriptions, enclosures 27–9; map 10; place, 136, 139, 141, 148–57 passim early Medieval importance of 31–2; timber Machrie Moor, Arran 30, 31 Medieval sculpture, possible see Cladh monuments 29–31; see also Old Macinnes, L. 199 a’Bhile Scatness Broch MacKenna, F. S. 240, 241, 242, 249 Meigle (Perthshire): coin 180; Moore, C. N. 205 Mackenney, R. 261 Templelands of, Iron Age armlets MORAY (Morayshire): Altyre, early MacKie, E. W. 7; Iron Age armlets 135, 136, 148 Medieval inscriptions 220, 222–3, 147, 148; Old Scatness Broch, Meikle Loch, Slains (Aberdeenshire), 225; Binn Hill, Garmouth, Iron Age Shetland 89, 93, 95, 106 gold solidus of Honorius 210, 213 153; Boghead, Fochabers 20, 83, McLaren, D. 77, 83 Melbourne (Lanarkshire), Neolithic 85; Clarkly Hill, Burghead, ring McLean, D. 139, 249, 250 17, 20 pendant 157; coins 164, 171, 175, McLean, N. 138 Meldon Bridge (Borders), palisaded 182; Cromdale, coin 171; Culbin Maclennan, M. 223 enclosures 30 Sands, beaded torc 150, 153–4, Macleod, W. 303, 306 Melrose (Roxburghshire): Bassendean 155; Easterton of Roseisle 20; McManus, D. 220 church 234; Bowden, coins 168, Forres, coins 164, 175; Innesmill, McMillan, J. 331 191; St Mary’s School, coins 180 enamelled mount 154, 155; Macmillans 249 Melville, W. 155 Iron Age decorative metalwork McNeill, P. G. B. 298 Mercer, R. J. 27, 30 150–5 passim, 157; Longhill 20; McPherson, A. 153, 154 meridian line in churches 334 Middleton, ring 152, 157; Roman McQueen, H. L. 298 Merkland (Dumfriesshire), coins 180 finds 207; Roseisle, coins 182; McRoberts, D. 231 metalwork tradition in British Isles Stonewells, Triskele-decorated MacSween, A. 25 148–51; date 149–50; Rome, stud 154, 155; see also Auldearn; Maes Howe (Orkney) 26 relations with 150–1; St Columba’s BANFFSHIRE; Birnie; Elgin; Mains of Lesmoir, Rhynie Cave 246–7; slag from Beechwood Urquhart (Aberdeenshire) 210, 212–13 Park 77, 83; see also Iron Age Moray Firth 139, 148, 151 Makey, W. 260, 262, 265, 277, 297, massive armlets; smiths mortuary practice see burials; Isbister; 298 metamorphic rock in early Scottish Neolithic mortuary practice Malone, C. 8 churches 227, 230, 232, 233, 235 Mounth 148, 153 Manby, T. G. 82 metaphor 17 Mowat, R. J. C. 211 Manchester, K. 116 Mid Softlaw Farm, Kelso Mudie, G. 21 Mann, L. M. 61 (Roxburghshire), coins 179 Muir, J. 157 ‘Manufactory Movement’ 266, 276 Middleton (Moray), ring 152, 157 Muir of Ord (Invernesshire), coin mapping, occupational see Midhowe, Rousay (Orkney) 93; 181 occupational mapping mortuary practice 48; Roman Mull, Isle of: Ardalanish, coins 164, MAQQ/MEQQ sequences in dipper 203 187, 189; Glenforsa, coin 177 inscriptions 225 MIDLOTHIAN: Carrington, coin multiperiod occupation see Old marigold, six-petalled see hexafoil 168; ‘Cave of Thorns’, Hawthorden Scatness Broch Marischal Museum see Stoneywood 317–18; Craigmillar and castle 317, Mulville, J. 97 markets in 1635 Edinburgh 267–8 318; Neolithic 10, 11; Soutra, coins Mumrills (Stirlingshire), coins 163, Marshall, D. N. 61, 62, 63–4, 72 165, 183, 189, 193; Tantallon Castle 186, 189 Marshall, G. 266 146; see also Roslin Murdoch, R. 323, 326, 328 Marwick, J. D. 267–8, 277, 307 Midtown of Pitglassie (Aberdeenshire) Murray, H. 32 Masters, L. J. 29 20 Murray, J. C. 300, 306 mathematical code, Ogam as 215 Mill of Fintray (Aberdeenshire), Murray, J. E. L. 174 Matthews, M. 132 cursus 31 Murray, Sir P. 277 Maughhold (Isle of Man) 243 Milnathort (Kinross-shire), Orwell Murray, R. 152 Maxey cursus (Cambridgeshire) 31 Farm, coins 180 Musselburgh 297 Maxton (Roxburghshire), coins 180, Milton of Culloden (Inverness-shire), Muthill tankard handle (Perthshire) 193 coins 181 150, 155, 156 362 | SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES OF SCOTLAND, 2006

Na Dal, Loch, Skye (Highland), North Uist (Inverness-shire): Bac Orkney (cont) Kinloch Lodge Hotel, coin 180 Mhic Connain, inscriptions on Stones of 26, 146; Stromness 146; Nakayama, Y. 65 knife handles 216, 223, 224, 225; Vestra Fiold 26; see also Isbister; National Monuments Record of Carinish 19; Eilean Domhuill 19, Neolithic in Orkney; Papa Westray; Scotland 11 25; Illeray 252; inscriptions, early Quanterness; Westray Needham, S. P. 84, 100, 103 Medieval 221 Orosius and Orkney 107 Neighbour, T.: on Gilmerton Cove Northamptonshire see Irchester O’Sullivan, A. 240, 255 (Edinburgh) excavations 311–32 Northern Isles see ORKNEY; Oswald, A. 27 Neolithic 7–45, 131; aerial SHETLAND Otter’s Stone, Clach an Dobhrainn reconnaissance 14–17; burials see Northumberland (England) 145; stone 249 Neolithic mortuary practice; data churches 229; West Thirston Roman Outram, A. 51 explosion 9; excavation changes dipper and strainer 203 Outram, J. 103 11–18; making sense of 17–18; map Outram, Z.: on Old Scatness Broch of sites investigated since 1945 10; Ó Flóinn, R. 255 77–88 mortuary practice 20, 25, 26, 30, occupational mapping of 1635 oven at Beechwood Park, possible 77 32, 33, 36; see also carved stone Edinburgh 259–96; commerce, Over-the-Water, Sanday (Orkney), balls; monumentality; Neolithic in organization and structure of 266–8; coin 165, 189 Orkney; settlements Gordon of Rothiemay’s map (1647) Owa, Stronefield 251–2 Neolithic in Orkney 10, 11, 13, 19, 25, 263–6; housemails tax 259–60, ‘Owa’/oda 251–2 26; see also Isbister; Quanterness 261–3; south-east quadrant in detail Owen, O. 14 Ness of Brodgar (Orkney) 19 268–94 Nether Kelly (Angus) 36 Ogam inscriptions 216–17, 219, 220, Padel, O. 215, 224 Netherbow Port (Edinburgh) 297, 298, 223–5 Paisley Close (Edinburgh) 305 300, 302 Ogston, Sir A. 211 palisade trench, Beechwood Park Netherby (Dumfriesshire), coins 164 Oib (Argyll), Achadh na Cille 241 77 Netherlands, coins from 166–71 Okasha, E. 215, 223, 224 palisaded enclosures 15, 16, 27, 30, passim, 173, 175, 177–83 passim, Old Keig (Aberdeenshire), stone circle 31, 38 182, 195–7 passim 112, 129 Panmure Estate (Angus), coin 181 Netherwood Farm (Dumfriesshire), Old Norse 217 Pannett, A. 8, 17, 39 coins 174, 181 Old Reyne (Aberdeenshire) 129 Papa Stronsay (Orkney), St Nicholas Nethy Bridge (Inverness-shire), coin Old Scatness Broch (Shetland), new Chapel, coin 181 181 chronology based on scientific Papa Westray (Orkney): church 235; New Galloway (Ayrshire), Kells, coin dating 89–118; chronology and St Boniface roundhouse 91, 94 179 origins debate 92–8; dating 98–100, paranumismatica 196–7 Newfield (Argyll) see Lismore 102–5; Jarlshof and 91–2; plan of Park Quarry, Aberdeenshire 23 Newmill (Perth & Kinross) 83, 85; 100; radiocarbon dating 91, 94, 95, Parker-Pearson, M. 90, 95, 97 Beaker find 84 96–7, 98–100, 101, 102–5, 107; Parkhill (Aberdeenshire), silver chain Newro (Co Downe), armlet 139 tower 100–2 and Pictish stone 202 Newstead (Roxburghshire), coin 181 Old Stirkoke Farm (Caithness-shire), parochialism 7, 8 Newton (Aberdeenshire), Ogam coin 164, 187, 189 passage grave 131 inscription 220, 223–4, 225 O’Neil, M.: Iron Age armlets 136–42 Paterson family and Gilmerton Cove: Nicholson, R. 106 passim, 147, 150, 152, 155, 156; Andrew, James, Janet, John and Nicolaisen, W. F. H. 225 Stoneywood Roman bronze vessels Peter 316, 318, 331; George (Elder Niddrie Marischal, Wauchopes of 315 202, 204, 210, 212 and Younger) 314–20 passim, 324, Niddries Wynd (Edinburgh) 305 Oram, R.: Gilmerton Cove 331 Nieke, M. 247 (Edinburgh) excavations 311–32 pathologies traceable in bones Noble, G. 8, 17, 26, 30, 38, 39 ORKNEY 19, 94, 105; Barnhouse (Orkney) 49–55 non-Ogam sounds in Medieval 17; Birsay 146; Bu Iron Age Paton, G. 144, 145, 147 inscriptions 223–5 roundhouse 93, 98; Buckquoy, Pearson, A. 230, 234 Nor’ Loch (Edinburgh) 298, 303 spindle-whorl inscriptions 216, Pearson, M. P. 85 Noranbank (Angus), timber hall 36 220, 222; Burrian, early Medieval Peebles Wynd (Edinburgh) 305 Norfolk (England), Ogam inscriptions inscriptions 220, 223; Crantit 26; PEEBLESHIRE: Easter Happrew, (Weeting) 220, 224 early Medieval inscriptions 215, coins 163, 187, 188; Iron Age Norman churches 230 218, 219; Egilsay church 230, armlets 149; Stobo, coin 184 Normandykes (Aberdeenshire), 235; Harray 146; Howe 94, 95, pellets see cross-of-arcs Roman camp 202, 206 97; Iron Age armlets 144, 145–7; Pencraig Hill, East Lothian 26 Norquay, F. 56 Maes Howe 26; Midhowe 93, Pennant, D. 144, 147, 148 Norrie, W. 261, 277 203; Papa Stronsay, St Nicholas Pennant, T. 141, 144 Norse/Vikings 101, 217; see also Chapel, coin 181; Pierowall Iron Pennecuik, A. 314, 320 Jarlshof Age roundhouse 93, 98; plough Perry, D. R. 297 North Berwick (East Lothian), coin 145; Pool 19, 220; Roman dipper Perth 297; burgage plots 304, 305, 181 203; Rousay, Midhowe 93, 203; 306; Castle, streets near 307; coins North Foulis Close (Edinburgh) 304 Sanday, Over-the-Water, coin 165, 165, 181, 188, 189, 190, 196; North Mains (Perth & Kinross) 30 189; Scapa Flow 92; Stenness and garden find, coin 165, 181, 188, INDEX | 363

Perth (cont) Piper, E. 260 quoins in churches 227, 228, 230, 231, 189, 196; Horse Cross, coins 181; Pirries Close (Edinburgh) 302 232, 233, 234 Iron Age armlets 137; Neolithic Pitnacree (Perth & Kinross) 29 Quoygrew, Westray (Orkney), coins 14, 15; Salvation Army site, coins Pitreavie, Dunfermline, coins 181, 181 181, 190 196 PERTHSHIRE (PERTH & pits 19, 23–5; -defined cursus radar, ground-penetrating see GPR KINROSS): Abernethy Round monuments (Neolithic) 15, 26, 27, radiocarbon dating: Beechwood Park Tower 230, 232; Blair Atholl, 28, 30, 31, 38; see also Beechwood 84; Neolithic 8, 13, 27, 28, 49; Old Aldclune 131; Bows of Doune, Iron Park Scatness Broch 91, 94–101 passim, Age armlets 136–8, 139; Carpow place, importance in Neolithic 31–2 105, 107; Strichen 111, 116, 125, 189; Carsie Mains, timber hall 30, plano-convex flint knife: Beechwood 126, 128, 130 32, 33, 35, 36; Castle Menzies, Park 77, 80, 81–2; Strichen stone Radley, A. 307 enclosure 30, 31; Cleaven Dyke 17, circle 125, 126 Raeburnfoot 16 28, 36; coins see PERTHSHIRE platform cairn 111 Raedykes (Aberdeenshire), Roman (PERTH & KINROSS), coins; Plets, I. 179 camp 201, 202 Coshieville 251; Craigdownings, plinth, wall (in church) 234 Raeshaw Plantation (Roxburghsire), Bridge of Allan, button and loop Plunton Castle (Kirkcudbrightshire), coin 181, 190 fastener 150, 156; Dundurn 2, 3, 4; bracelet 141 Raferty, B. 139 Dupplin Cross, Ogam inscriptions Point of Cott (Orkney) 57 Raigmore (Inverness): cairn 78; 220; Glenearn, church 232, 234; Point of Knap (Argyll) 249 Neolithic buildings 18–19, 21; see Glenshee, Roman dipper-strainer Pol, A. 171, 175, 177, 179 also Beechwood Park 203; Grandtully, Neolithic 20; Pollard, T. 19, 21 Rainbird Clarke, R. 220 Greenloaning inscription 220, Polmont, Inveravon (Stirlingshire), Ralston, I. B. M. 83, 213; Neolithic 8, 224; Herald Hill, long barrow coin 178, 191 16, 32, 34, 35, 37 17; Huntingtower, Neolithic 16; Pool (Orkney) 19, 220 Ratho Quarry, Edinburgh 20, 21 Inchtuthil 26; Iron Age armlets Pope, R. 120 Rattray (Aberdeenshire), coins 182 136–8, 139, 149; Leadketty, Port Elphinstone (Aberdeenshire), Rattray (Perthshire), coins 182, 192 palisaded enclosure 27, 30; gold aureus of Vespasian 210, 213 recumbent stone circles: and Littleour, timber hall 20, 32, 33; Portmahomack, Tarbat (Ross-shire, carved stone balls 72; Inverurie Milton of Rattray 30; Muthill, coins 181, 193 (Aberdeenshire) 72; see also tankard handle 150, 155, 156; Portsoy (Aberdeenshire), coins 181 Strichen Neolithic 10, 11, 12, 14, 15; North Portugal, coins from 171, 178 Redcastle, Beauly (Inverness-shire), Mains 30; Pitnacree 29; sword hilt posts and post-holes: Beechwood Park coins 182 fittings 154–5; Tullichville 251;see 77; Neolithic 19, 21, 28, 30, 31; Rehren, T. 83 also Abernethy; Forteviot; Inchyra; Strichen stone circle 121, 122, 123, Reid, A. 146, 157 Meigle; Newmill; Perth; Strageath; 124, 130 Reid, R. W. 201 Strathearn Potter, J.: stone emplacement in early Reimer, P. J. 96, 98 PERTHSHIRE (PERTH & Scottish churches 227–36 Renfrew, C. 48, 49, 93 KINROSS), coins: Ardoch (Braco) Potter Row/Potterow Port (Edinburgh) Restenneth (Angus), St Peter church 162, 187, 188, 189; Cambusmichael 298 230, 233 168; Cargill fort 162–3, 168, 169, pottery/ceramics: Carinated 23, 38; Reynolds, N. 32 186, 188, 189; Coupar Angus Gilmerton Cove (Edinburgh) 326, Rhynie (Aberdeenshire), Mains of 169; Dunkeld 174, 191; East 328; Grooved Ware 21, 25, 36, 38; Lesmoir 210, 212–13 Mid Lamberkin 163, 187, 188; Impressed Ware 23; Neolithic 9, 21, Richards, C. 8, 19, 23, 26, 38 Inchaffray 178, 190; Inchture 165, 23, 25, 33, 35, 36, 38; Old Scatness Richardson, P. 21 178, 189; Logierait 180; Rattray Broch, Shetland 92, 93; Strichen Rickman, T. 227 182, 192; Stobhall 184; Strageath stone circle 111, 116, 120, 125–6, Riddell, R. 144, 146, 157 164, 187, 188, 189; Strathearn, 129; see also Beaker Rideout, J. S. 30, 31 Findo Gask 163, 186 Power, M. J. 260 ring cairn 111 Petillius Cerialis 187 Preston (Berwickshire): church 229, ring-ditches 31, 77, 78 Petrovszky, R. 202, 205 230, 233; Kirk Brae, coins 174 ringfort, Clogher 253 phenomenology 17 Price, J. 211 ring-headed pin 93 Phillips, T.: Neolithic 9, 11–13, 17; Proudfoot, E. 250 rings and ring pendants 107, 135, 152, Strichen stone circle 99–110 Purgavie (Angus), button and loop 157 Picts/Pictish: kingdom 101, 218; fastener 150, 152, 155–6 Risley (Lancashire), strainer 205 language 218, 220; rotary querns Purmer, D. 167, 173, 174, 177, 181, Ritchie, A. 8, 19, 237, 241, 250 107; stone (Parkhill) 202 182 Ritchie, J. G. N. 84, 213 Pierowall (Orkney), Iron Age Ritchie, P. R. 49, 51, 56, 57 roundhouse 93, 98 Quanterness (Orkney): Iron Age ritual see Christianity; monumentality Piggott, S. 7, 30, 135, 154 roundhouse 93, 98; mortuary roads/streets: and burgage plots 307, pilaster strips in churches 227–8, 230 practice 47, 48–9, 57 309; coins 164, 189; Dundee 307; pillars see Cladh a’Bhile quartz chips at Strichen 116, 125, 126 Edinburgh 265–6, 298, 300, 302, Pinkerton, R. M. 268 querns 125; rotary 89, 93, 94, 107; 306, 307 pins, ring-headed 93 saddle 107 Robb, J. 49 364 | SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES OF SCOTLAND, 2006

Roberts, C. 49 Ruthven Barracks, Kingussie secret clubs see drinking clubs Robertson, A. S. 164, 171, 185, 202, (Inverness-shire), coin 179 sedimentary rock used in churches, 207 horizontal and vertical alignment Robinet, L. 154 St Andrews (Fife): burgage plots 304; 227–34 passim rock-hewn dwelling see Gilmerton mint 190; St Rule church 230, 233 Selkirk: Byethorn Gardens, coin 183; Cove St Boniface roundhouse, Papa Westray coins 183, 192; Haining Park, coins Rodil/Rodel church, Harris (Inverness- (Orkney) 91, 94 183; Hanging Shaw bead 154; Kirk shire) 234 St Columba’s Cave (Argyll) 238, 246, Wynd, coins 183; The Loan, coin Roeck, A. N. de 260 247, 250 183; Old Bridge Road, coin 183; Roman alphabet/script 215, 219 St Combs (Aberdeenshire) see Shawpark Cemetery, coin 183 Roman artefacts: bath house Corsekelly farm SELKIRKSHIRE: Langhope, coin (Inveresk) 144; bronze vessels see St Giles Church (Edinburgh), roads 180; see also Selkirk Stoneywood; dipper and strainer near 298, 300, 302, 306, 307 Seton Sands (East Lothian), coins 203, 207; glass 107, 145, 146, 207; St John’s, Dalry, Kendoon (Ayrshire), 183, 192 handle 203; Old Scatness Broch, coin 165, 189 settlements, Neolithic 18–25; Shetland 92, 107; see also Roman St Leonards (Edinburgh) 298 buildings 18–22; non-monumental coins; Roman metalwork St Mary’s Street (Edinburgh) 309 8, 15, 17, 21; pits and ephemeral Roman camps (Aberdeenshire) 201, St Mary’s Wynd (Edinburgh) 301, traces 22–5; transhumance 25 202, 206, 207 305, 306 seventeenth century coins 194–6; base Roman coins: isolated 164–5; from St Monans (Fife), coins 182 metal 196; continental silver 195–6; native sites 164, 187; provincial St Ninians, early Medieval inscriptions Scottish and English gold and silver 166; from Roman sites 162–4, 220–1, 223, 225 195 186–7, 188–90 St Vigeans (Perthshire), early Sharpe, R. 250 Roman metalwork tradition in British Medieval inscriptions 223 Sharples, N. 8, 38; Old Scatness Isles 150–1; bronze vessels see ‘salvage’ intervention 10, 13 Broch, Shetland 90, 93, 94, 95, 97, Stoneywood Salvation Army site (Perth), coins 181 98, 101, 106 Rosehearty (Aberdeenshire), coins 182 Sanday (Orkney), Over-the-Water, Shearer, J. E. 183 Roseisle (Moray), coins 20, 182 coin 165, 189 sheep bones at Old Scatness Broch, Roslin (Midlothian): ‘Cave of Thorns’ Sandeman, M. 240, 246, 247–53 Shetland 96, 103, 104 317–18; coin 182 Sandilands Close (Edinburgh) 305 Shepherd, A. 94–5 ROSS & CROMARTY/ROSS-SHIRE, Sanquhar (Dumfriesshire), coins 182 Shepherd, I. A. G. 8, 21, 31, 82, 83, 84 coins from 197; Achnahaird/ Saville, A. 47 Sheridan, A. 8, 39, 63, 72, 125–6, Achnahaird Sands 164, 166; Savours, A. 201 145; Beaker and other artefacts in Fortrose 175–7, 190, 191, 192, Saxon-style craftsmanship 227, 230; Raigmore, Inverness 77–88 194, 196; Portmahomack 181, 193; see also Anglo-Saxon SHETLAND: Bressay, early Medieval Strathconon, Loch Beannacharain, Scalloway (Shetland), broch 90, 95, inscriptions 217, 219, 220, 221, coin 184; see also Lewis 97, 98 222, 223, 225; Clickhimin broch Ross, A. 149 Scandinavia 203, 216; see also Norse 92; Cunningsburgh, early Medieval Rothesay (Bute), St Mary church Scapa Flow (Orkney) 92 inscriptions 220, 224; early 233 Schiffer, M. B. 99 Medieval inscriptions 215, 217–23, round/oval structures, Neolithic 21–2 Schlichting, H. 64 225; Jarlshof 92, 94, 105; Neolithic roundhouses, Iron Age: Crosskirk, Schofield, J. 297, 303, 304, 307 10, 11, 19, 25; Scalloway broch 90, Caithness (Highland) 90, 94, 95; schools in 1635 Edinburgh 265 95, 97, 98; Whiteness (White Ness), Orkney 91, 93, 94, 98; Strichen Scone (Perthshire) 252, 253, 254 early Medieval inscriptions 222, (Aberdeenshire) 111, 113, 130–1; Scoonie (Fife), early Medieval 223; see also Fetlar; Old Scatness see also Old Scatness Broch inscriptions 220, 223, 225 Broch Roxburgh’s Close (Edinburgh) 301 Scord of Brouster (Shetland) 19 Shidlaw (Roxburghshire), Cornhill on ROXBURGHSHIRE: Kerrsknowe Scotlandwell (Fife), coins 182 Tweed, coin 183 Farm, Quarry Field, coin 179; Kirk Scott, J. G. 29 Shiresmill (Fife), Blairhall, Culross, Yetholm, Witch Cleugh, coins 179; Scott, Sir L. 93, 94 coin 183 Maxton, coins 180, 193; Newstead, SCOTTISH BORDERS see shops and booths in 1635 Edinburgh coin 181; Raeshaw Plantation, coin BORDERS 262, 263, 268–9, 278, 280, 281 181, 190; Roxburgh, Denholm, Scottish Burgh Survey 297 Shotter, D. 162 knife 82; Shidlaw, Cornhill on Scottish coins in Medieval coin finds Sicily, coins from 166 Tweed, coin 183; Springwood, 166–85 passim, 195 Síd place-names 253 Chapel Field, coin 183, 190, 193; scraper 125 Sielbost sandpit, Harris see also Kelso; Melrose; Sprouston sculpture and landscape see Cladh (Inverness-shire), coin 183 Ru Chryn (Argyll) 252 a’Bhile silver: chain (Parkhill) 202; coins Rubha na Tuth/Rudh’an Tubhaidh Seabegs (Stirlingshire), Greenhill 195–6 (Argyll) 247, 253 Farm, coins 183 Simison, R. 49, 56 Rudh’an Teampuill church, Harris Seafield (Inverness): Iron Age armlet Simpson, D. D. A. 29, 77, 82 (Inverness-shire) 233 141; ring-ditch 77, 78 Simpson, I. A. 105 Ruggles, C. 111 Sean Dùn, Newfield (Argyll) 140 Simpson, M. 135, 206 Russell-White, C. J. 26, 32, 36, 77 Seccombe, T. 145 Sithean Bhuide (Argyll) 238, 247, 253 INDEX | 365

Sjöberg, G. 261, 276 Station Brae (North Ayrshire) 21, 32, Strageath (Perthshire): button and Sketewan knife 83 36 loop fastener 156; coins 164, 187, Skinner, B. 272 Stead, I. 151 188, 189 Skinner, Revd. D. 324 Stell, G. 297 Stranraer (Wigtownshire): Fox Skinner, Revd. J. 199–201 Stenhouse, M. J. 98 Plantation, Neolithic 20, 21; Skinner’s Close (Edinburgh) 301 Stenhouse Moor (Stirlingshire), Innermessan, Inch, coins 178; Low Skye, Isle of (Highland) 93; Borline, Falkirk (Kinnaird Hill), coin 183 Balyett, coins 184 Loch Eynort, St Maelrubha church Stenness (Orkney) 26, 146 Strath Suardal, Skye (Highland), Cill 232; Duntulm, bronze bracelet 139; Stenton (East Lothian) 82 Chriosd church 232 Kilvaxter, coins 179, 191; Loch Stevenson, D. 319, 331 Strathconon (Ross-shire), Loch Na Dal, Kinloch Lodge Hotel, coin Stevenson, R. B. K. 2, 135, 154, 172, Beannacharain, coin 184 180; Strath Suardal, Cill Chriosd 220, 222 Strathearn (Perthshire) 17; Findo church 232 Stewart, I. H. 174, 184, 192 Gask, coins 163, 186 slag in Beechwood Park pit 83 Stewartby, Lord 172, 175, 183, 184 Strathgeath (Perthshire), coins 164 Slains (Aberdeenshire), Meikle Loch, Stichill collar 141, 157n Strathmiglo (Fife), coin 184 gold solidus of Honorius 210, 213 Stirling: Auchenlaich long cairn 17; Strathmore, Earl of 148 Slap, Turriff (Aberdeenshire), Beaker Bannockburn, ‘pit-defined cursus’ Strathnairn (Inverness-shire), Clava 83, 85 30, 31; Castle, coins 183–4, 191; Bronze Age cremations 131 slaughterhouses see butchers coins 183–4, 190, 191, 192; Earl streets see roads Smellie, W. 145 of 275; Neolithic 10, 11; see also Strichan’s Close (Edinburgh) 301 Smith, A. N. 21 Claish Strichen recumbent stone circle Smith, B. 49 STIRLINGSHIRE: Callander 137; (Aberdeenshire) 111–34; artefacts Smith, I. M. 27, 32, 36 coins see STIRLINGSHIRE, coins 124–6; central cairn 119–20; Smith, J. 267, 277 in; Cowie, Chapelfield, Neolithic discussion 128–32; flankers Smith, J. A. 61, 135, 148, 151, 156 21, 22, 24; Dunblane 137; see also 111, 112, 114–15, 119, 125, Smith, M. 47 Stirling 126, 128; graves, stone-lined smiths: in Gilmerton Cove, tradition of STIRLINGSHIRE, coins in: Airth, 119–20, 121, 129, 131; phases 315, 316, 321; and lorimers in 1635 Higgins Neuk 166; Camelon 162, 113–24; prehistoric bank 115–16; Edinburgh 262, 263, 267, 272–3, 186, 187, 189; Carmuirs 163, 187, reconstruction 126–8; recumbent 287; see also metalwork tradition 189; Coalsnaughton, Tillicoultry stone 112, 114–15, 125, 126, 128, Snailwell bracelet 150 164, 188, 189; Dunipace House 130; stone phase 114–15; stone Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 174; Falkirk 183; Inveravon, sockets 116–19; timber circle and Society Port (Edinburgh) 298 Polmont 178, 191; Lochlands trench 120–4 sockets, stone 116–19 163, 186, 187; Mumrills 163, Stromness (Orkney) 146 Sorenson, M. L. S. 100, 103 186, 189; Seabegs (Greenhill Stronefield/Schronfelt (Argyll) 251–2 soil 79, 113; see also agriculture Farm) 183; Stirling 183–4, 190, Stuart, M. W. 331 Sorisdale, Coll (Sutherland), Dornoch 191, 192 Stuiver, M. 129 Nursery Cist 84, 193 Stobhall (Perthshire), coins 184 subterranean dwelling see Gilmerton sound of words see terminal sounds Stobo (Peebleshire), coin 184 Cove South Queensferry (West Lothian), Stoddart, S. 49 Suddaby, I.: Beaker and other artefacts coin 163 stone: axes 21, 28; bank 115–16; in Raigmore, Inverness 77–88 South Uist (Inverness-shire), Dun -built settlements, Neolithic 19; Sutherland, C. H. V. 186 Vulan 90, 95, 97, 100 carved see carved stone balls; Cladh SUTHERLAND (HIGHLAND): Soutra (Midlothian), coins 165, 183, a’Bhile; circle, recumbent see Creich, Bonar Bridge, coin 170; 189, 193 Strichen; circles 30; crosses 229; Helmsdale, Roman strainer 202, Spain, coins from 167, 169, 170, 177, phase at Strichen 128, 129–30 203; Iron Age armlets 149; Kyle of 196 stone emplacements in early Scottish Tongue, coin 179, 195; Sorisdale, Spanish Netherlands, coins from 168, churches 227–36; pre-conquest Coll, Dornoch Nursery Cist 84, 182, 196 origin 231–5; Scottish enigma 193; Tain, Kirksheaf, coins 184, Spearman, R. M. 83, 202, 203, 208, 228–31 191, 194; see also Coll; Dornoch 297, 300 Stonehall (Orkney) 19 Sweden, coins from 174, 175, 183–4, Speedy, T. 317 Stones, J. 297 196 Spence, C. 260, 277 Stones of Stenness (Orkney) 26 Sween, Loch (Argyll) 238, 246, 247, Spicer, A. 231 Stonewells (Moray), 249, 254 Springwood (Roxburghshire), Chapel Triskele-decorated stud 154, 155 Sweet, R. 145 Field, coin 183, 190, 193 Stoney Littleton (England) 47–8 Switsur, V. R. 98, 99 Sprouston (Roxburghshire) 27; coins Stoneywood (Aberdeen), Roman sword, Bronze Age 199 165, 187–8, 189–90; cropmarks 36; bronze vessels from 199–214; Syke, The, Lochar Moss, Torthorwald timber hall 36 acquisition 199–201; detailed (Dumfriesshire), coin 165, 186, Spurryhillock (Aberdeenshire), descriptions 203–5; discussion 187–8 Neolithic 20 205–7; items listed 210–13; Symington (Ayrshire), coin 184 stalled cairn, mortuary practice in provenance lost 201 (Midhowe, Orkney) 48 Stott, A. 213 tailors in 1635 Edinburgh 262, 273, Starley, D. 83 Strachan, R. 77 290 366 | SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES OF SCOTLAND, 2006

Tain (Sutherland), Kirksheaf, coins torcs, beaded 153–4, 155 Wainwright, F. T. 220, 222 184, 191, 194 Torrie, E. P. 297, 298, 307 Wainwright, G. J. 206 Tait, R.: burgage plots in Edinburgh, Torthorwald (Dumfriesshire), Lochar Wales 18, 253 configuration and dimension of Moss, The Syke, coin 165, 186, Wallyford (East Lothian), Barbachlaw, 297–310 187–8 coins 164, 188, 189 Tantallon Castle (Midlothian) 146 Towie ball 63 Ward, J. P. 260 Tarbat (Ross-shire), coins 181, 193 transhumance and seasonality 25 Ward, T. 17, 139 Tarradale (Inverness-shire), Muir of trees, sacred 251–2, 253; tree-place Wardlane, Sir H. 277 Ord, coins 184 (crannach) 248 Warner, R. 253, 254 Tate, J. 137, 150 trench, wall 122, 123–4 Warren Field (Aberdeenshire) 32, tax, housemails (Edinburgh, 1635) Trench-Jellicoe, R 244 33, 34 259–60, 261–3 Tresset, A. 39 Warren, G. 240 Tay 148 Trinity College Yard (Edinburgh) 303 Watkin, W. T. 205, 206 Taylor, A. 157 Triscott, J. 249 Watkins, T. 83, 84 Taylor, D. B. 138, 151 Triskele-decorated stud, Stonewells Watmough, D. 152 Taylor, H. M. and J. 227, 230, 233 (Moray) 154, 155 Watson, A. 17, 132 Taylor, S. 255, 256 Trohoughton Farm, Dumfries, coins Watson, C. B. B. 263, 266, 270, 277 Tayport (Fife), coin 184 174 Watson, W. J. 248, 249, 251 Telfer’s Wall (Edinburgh) 298 Tron Kirk (Edinburgh) 298, 300 Wauchopes of Niddrie Marischal Telford, D. 38 Troon (Ayrshire), Barassie, coin 184 315 Temple Wood (Argyll & Bute) 29 Trunk’s Close (Edinburgh) 299, 302, ‘weathering’ of bones see exposure Templelands of Meigle (Perthshire), 305 weavers in 1635 Edinburgh 267 Iron Age armlets 135, 136, 148 Tullibody (Clackmannanshire), coin Webster, G. 206 Templeteenaun (County Wicklow) 240 185 websters (candlemakers) in 1635 terminal sounds in Medieval Tullichville (Perthshire) 251 Edinburgh 274, 292 inscriptions 218–25; clear Turnbull, J. 266, 272 Weeks, P. 152 220–1; inscribed and spoken 225; Turner, S. H. 261, 262 Weeting (Norfolk), inscribed knife non-Ogam 223–5; other ‘words’ Turriff (Aberdeenshire): Mayfield, handle 220, 224 225; uncertain/less certain 220, coin 185; Mountblairy Estate, coins well in Gilmerton Cove 313, 323–4, 221–3 185; Prospect Hill, coins 185; Slap, 326 terrets 135 Beaker 83, 85 Wellbrae (Lanarkshire) 36 Thain, S. 166 Tyler, E. 240 Wessex/Middle Rhine (W/MR) Beaker Thaw, S. 55 Tynron Doon (Dumfriesshire), coin 84 Thing site (Isle of Man) 249 185 West Haven, Carnoustie (Angus), Thom, A. 112 coins 185, 193 Thomas, A. 201 Ubelaker, D. H. 50 West Lindsaylands (Lanarkshire) 27 Thomas, C. 150 Uidh, Lewis, Eye (Ross & Cromarty), WEST LOTHIAN: Auld Cathie Thomas, J.: Neolithic 8, 17, 18, 19, St Columba church 232 church 232, 234; Cairnpapple 23–8 passim, 30, 32 Upper Gothens 16 Hill henge monument 29, 30, 31; Thompson, G. H. 203 Upper Largie (Argyll & Bute), Echline, South Queensferry, coin Thornborough (Yorkshire), cursus 31 ‘cursus’ 30, 31 163, 189; Neolithic 12; South Three Mile Wood (Angus), Neolithic Uppsettington (Berwickshire), coins Queensferry, Ecline, coin 163, 189; 20 185 Whitburn (Polkemmet Estate), Thurnam, J. 48 upright monuments see Cladh a’Bhile coins 185, 192; see also Carriden; Tilley, C. 18, 32 Urquhart (Moray): beaded torc Inveresk Tillicoultry, Coalsnaughton fragment 153, 155; Castle 2 West Port (Edinburgh) 298 (Stirlingshire), coin 164, 188, 189 West Thirston (Northumberland), timber buildings, Neolithic 18–19, 25; van der Leeuw, S. 81 Roman dipper and strainer 203 ‘halls’ 15, 19, 26–7, 33, 35, 36, 37, van der Wiel, H. J. 167, 173, 174, 177, Western Isles: double dry stone 38; monuments 29–31 181, 182 walls 94; Neolithic 10, 11, 12, timber circle and phase 29, 30, 31 Vance, J. E., Jr 261, 272, 273, 274, 13, 19, 25; see also Harris; Tiree (Argyll & Bute), Dun Mor Vaul 276 INVERNESS-SHIRE; Lewis; 93 Varndell, G. 26, 27, 37 North Uist; South Uist Todd, M. 206 Varus (Aberdeenshire), Roman finds Westray (Orkney): Quoygrew, coins Todd, T. N.: aerodynamics of carved 206 181; Roman glass cup 145, 146 stone balls 61–75 vertical and horizontal alignment of Wheeler, Sir R. M. 1, 92 Todric’s Wynd (Edinburgh) 301, 305 building stone 227, 228–9, 231, Whitburn (West Lothian), Polkemmet Tolan, M. 15 233–4 Estate, coins 185, 192 Tolan-Smith, C. 246 Vestra Fiold (Orkney) 26 White, T. P. 239–40, 255 Tomnaverie, Howe of Cromar, vintners in 1635 Edinburgh 262–3, Whiteness (White Ness, Shetland), Deeside 111, 112, 125, 129 270, 281 early Medieval inscriptions 222, Tongland (Kirkcudbrightshire), coin 223 184 Waals, J. van der 84 Whithorn (Kirkudbrightshire) 229; Topping, P. 19, 27 Waddington, C. 26, 27, 37 Manse Field, coin 185, 191 INDEX | 367

Whittington, G. 99 Wilkes, J. J. 156, 213 Wooliscroft, D. J. 186, 187 Whittle, A. 18, 19, 47, 48 Will, R. 307 word-dividers in inscriptions 219 Whyte, I. D. 277 Wilson, A. 163, 164, 165, 203 Wordsworth, J. 77 Whyte, T. 314, 315, 316, 317, 320, Wilson, D. 151 workhouses in 1635 Edinburgh 263, 331 Wiltshire (England), Fussell’s Lodge 269, 279, 280 Wickham-Jones, C. 17 48 Wormold, L. 235 Wiel, H. J. van der 167, 173, 174, 177, windows in churches 230, 231 wrights/coopers/bowers in 1635 181, 182 Windram, W. J. 268 Edinburgh 263, 273, 276, 288 Wiggins, A. 202 Witch Cleugh, Kirk Yetholm writers in 1635 Edinburgh 294 WIGTOWNSHIRE (Dumfries & (Roxburghshire), coins 179 Wynds in Edinburgh see Closes and Galloway): Airieolland, decorated Withers, P. and B. R. 170, 173, 175 Wynds stud 154; Crammag Head, Wittington, G. 297, 304 Wysocki, M. 47 Kirkmaiden, coin 164, 187, 189; women’s businesses in 1635 Innermessan, Inch, coins 178; Edinburgh 269–70, 271, 277, 280 XRF analysis 141 Kilhern, Neolithic 20; Luce Sands, wood see timber Neolithic 20; see also Stranraer Wood, M. 303, 306 Yorkshire (England) 203; Wild, J. P. 156 Woodman, P. C. 8 Thornborough cursus 31

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