DOCSLIB.ORG

Coats of Arms of the Nobility É Gentry Yqrkshire

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Coats of Arms of the Nobility É Gentry Yqrkshire COATS OF ARMS OF TH E N OBI L ITY é G EN TRY RK I YQ SH RE. ' G iv ing R efe re n c es t o t h e W o rks whe re t he F am ilie s a n d Pedigre e s are m e n tion e d ; A nd in dica tin wh re t h A rm s ar t b u d— u il in g e e e o e fo n o n b d g s , t o m bs wi , ndows , «50 . A n d als o the H raldi D r e c esc iptio n s . By J HORSFALL TU RN ER (I DL E Y O R K S ) PA R T I - . V AT O S VI T H 46 2 L L U S T R N . PR CE I I I , 5/ Private ly prm te d for th e Au th o r b y OH N W ADE 2 2 A L B I O N R A I DL E J , , O D , “i n M 14 4 k ) E T CONT N S . PA G E . Introduc tion Illu st ra tion s (46 2) K e y t o the Illu stration s H alifax Pari sh Church H alifax Famili e s B ridlington Priory ’ Du dale s V s t t 1 66 2 g i i a ion , York shire G e n e alogi st Bingle y Famili e s Ilkl e y and Bradford Famili e s Batle y Famili e s Bulm e r All i anc e s Barn sl e y Famili e s Plomp ton All i anc e s M s e e s s e t i c llan ou Arm , Alphab ical W e st R C e s L sts iding hurch , i only Osgoldcross Bark ston Ash ' S trafiord and T ickhill Donca ste r S ok e Agb rigg Claro ’ H t e s G e t L st un r Minor n ry , i only Y s e ae L st ork hir Arch ological Journal , i E — ' A B rods wo rth e 2 79 C . R R A T , pag , not B a tle e 2 82 C . y , pag , not 4 8 5 I NTRODUCTlON . - e five e s . se D s More than tw nty y ar ago , Mr Jo ph odg on , of s ss e t his te t to s s L e e d , i u d a circular no if ing in n ion publi h a mall y ” the t t e H E R A L DR Y OF OR K S H R E b e folio volum e with i l , Y I , to - s e s at 1 5 . 6d. to s s e s at i ssue d to sub crib r 3 , and non ub crib r two H e st t e the b e e te w guine a s. a d that ook had long b n wan d and ould H sse ss b e found in valuable . e furth e r state d I hav e in my po ion the wood block s of the Arm s of the Familie s in the li st h e re wi th n b e t s s e e . e ot e giv e n Should your nam includ d in hi li t , and you f l e s t A s s e the I s b e d sirou hat your rm hould app ar in work , hall glad to g e t th e m drawn and e ngrav e d by the fir st h e raldic arti sts Of the Th e e s e C b e l s . t day . e av e rag pric of a ingl oat will 2 ; if wi h Th s u e s e s . e t q art ring , about two guin a co will fall upon you , and ’ ’ D s l k ll . s the wood b oc wi b e come your own prop e rty . Mr odg on e e e the c s sse - L proje ct vid ntly fail d , and blo k pa d through a ondon deale r to m e by purchase . s s s In 1 8 74 Mr. Jo e ph Fo te r i ssue d thre e large quarto volum e . e eas t s e e s e e e e at ight guin (wi h a cor copi on xtra larg imp rial p ap r , and the e e e s e e s e e e s folding digr mount d on lin n , at ixt n guin a ) , p‘ e the t t e PE D I G R E E S O F TH E CO U N TY AM L E S O F und r i l , F I I OR K S H R E t e st t s e . On Y I , wi h h raldic illu ra ion to ach family D the st s s e t e b . s I comparing li of Arm m n ion d y Mr odg on , find ’ th e y e xactly corre spond with the li st s of pe digre e s in M r . Fo ste r s e e e s th e ss s S t S t thr volum , with omi ion of co t of tarbo ton and B sa e al e P H e e e urn ll , Torr of Snyd and aull olm , B ck tt of L e e s B e t e E shald t s ae d , n l y of , Brigh of B ad worth , G r m e of S e e H C e H owro d H e w rby , orton of hadd rton and y , ungat of S axton , c s D c st e O e s N e e De R w s Ja k on of on a r , at of th r nby and a mar h , P C e e R e R e de R e s ilkington of h v t , ockl y of ockl y , od of Barl bo S tansfe ld S e S e S M rough , of ow rby , tapl ton or tapylton of yton , 6 W t e se Of H W e t t W e W e a rhou alifax , n wor h of ooll y and ntworth . ’ D s s st s e s t . two e t Mr odg on li of block giv abou hundr d and hirty , ’ e e se st e s e e e s t o t I all of which w r u d in Fo r p digr , and h e se hav e e t s e two e t t e st add d in hi volum hundr d and hir y mor , mo ly from ’ Po ulson s H old e rn e ss . S e M r . st e ss e his e s 1 8 74 se e n inc Fo r i u d volum in , v ral g e e a e s e e e e e w e s e s logical min hav b n op n d , which now con id r ab olute ly n e c e ssary t o b e e xplore d b e fore any p e digre e can b e i ssue d that claim s comparativ e sati sfaction . Th e se min e s includ e all the e s Of t he Y s e R e S e e s e s e the e s volum ork hir cord ri , p cially volum the e t o Y s e W s se the t giving ind x ork hir ill ; condly , publica ion s Of th e Y s e P s R e st e s t the s h ork hir ari h gi r ; hirdly , work of t e Ant i uarian e t e s Of the C t t the L e e q Soci i oun y four hly , ondon G n alogical e s the H e S e t e s st b u t a r Magazin and arl ian oci y volum ; and la , f i ro m leas t the M ano r R s s t l st y s e e h f , oll i l mo l unpubli h d , lik t e W ak e fi e ld S e ri e s wh i ch b e gan about 1 2 7 6 . From the W ak e fi e ld “ Manor R olls I v e ry soon d iscov e r e d that the p e digr e e s from 1 3 00 t 1 0 e e e e t st t e I o 55 w e r xtr m ly un ru wor hy and wo fully impe rf e ct . 3 e t s s e e the se t he N o rc liff e s e s t prov d hi p dily in ca of , Fi ld , and o h e r H alifax famili e s ; and I am convinc e d ge n e alogi sts should de si st ss t b ut t e t t e e e s t i the R s R e st e s from i uing any hing n a iv tr , un l oll , gi r W s are t e .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Cougar Stalks Deer
    predators were aroundi" Science has produced an abundance of evidence that predation on prey, such as rabbits and deer, actually benefits the prey species as a whole by 1) keeping populations at a sustainable level for the amount of vegetative food and other resources in an area, and 2) improving the gene pool over time by preying on the weakest, and therefore ensuring chat the most 6t and survival-strong genes get passed on. Predation makes both predator and prey species stronger. Cougar Stalks Deer Animal Forms, Expanding the Senses, f0Rt R0uTmEs Questioning and Tracking, Listening for Bird Lang,tage tI Sneaking, Imitating Animals, Challenge .!er Mammals 7h Bt}t}K OF IIATURE Southeast: Activate, Southl Focus, Northeastl I{ATURAL CYCTE Open and Listen til0tcATR0s Aliveness and Agrlity, Quiet Mind, ()F AU{ARTilESS Common Sense Prirner Cougars hunt Deer by sneaking up from behind so stealthily that they remain unaware. A Cougar stalks slowly, moving low to the ground, making almost no noise as its hind foot lands exactly where its front foot had been. After a stalking Cougar gets close behind a Deer, they powerfully lunge onto the deer's back, biting into the neck. I bet you didn't know this: Cougars actually have nerve endings on the rips oftheir big canine teeth so that they can feel exactly where to put their teeth and bite, immediately severing the spine and killing the Deer quickly and painlessly. The only protection a Deer has from a stalking Cougar is its sensory awareness. If it hears something and turns to see the Cougar moving, the Deer can bound offeasily to safety and the hunt ends.
    [Show full text]
  • Heraldry Examples Booklet.Cdr
    Book Heraldry Examples By Khevron No color on color or metal on metal. Try to keep it simple. Make it easy to paint, applique’ or embroider. Blazon in layers from the deepest layer Per pale vert and sable all semy of caltrops e a talbot passant argent. c up to the surface: i v Field (color or division & colors), e Primary charge (charge or ordinary), Basic Book Heraldry d Secondary charges close to the primary, by Khevron a Tertiary charges on the primary or secondary, Device: An heraldic representation of youself. g Peripheral secondary charges (Chief,Canton,Border), Arms: A device of someone with an Award of Arms. n i Tertiary charges on the peropheral. Badge: An heraldic representation of what you own. z a Name field tinctures chief/dexter first. l Only the first word, the metal Or, B and proper nouns are capitalized. 12 2 Tinctures, Furs & Heraldic 11 Field Treatments Cross Examples By Khevron By Khevron Crosses have unique characteristics and specific names. Tinctures: Metals and Colors Chief Rule #1: No color upon another color, or metal on metal! Canton r r e e t t s i x e n - Fess - i D Or Argent Sable Azure Vert Gules Purpure S Furs Base Cross Latin Cross Cross Crosslet Maltese Potent Latin Cross Floury Counter-Vair Vair Vair in PaleVair-en-pointe Vair Ancient Ermine Celtic Cross Cross Gurgity Crosslet Fitchy Cross Moline Cross of Bottony Jerusalem A saltire vair in saltire Vair Ermines or Counter- Counter Potent Potent-en-pointe ermine Cross Quarterly in Saltire Ankh Patonce Voided Cross Barby Cross of Cerdana Erminois Field
    [Show full text]
  • THE LION FLAG Norway's First National Flag Jan Henrik Munksgaard
    THE LION FLAG Norway’s First National Flag Jan Henrik Munksgaard On 27 February 1814, the Norwegian Regent Christian Frederik made a proclamation concerning the Norwegian flag, stating: The Norwegian flag shall henceforth be red, with a white cross dividing the flag into quarters. The national coat of arms, the Norwegian lion with the yellow halberd, shall be placed in the upper hoist corner. All naval and merchant vessels shall fly this flag. This was Norway’s first national flag. What was the background for this proclamation? Why should Norway have a new flag in 1814, and what are the reasons for the design and colours of this flag? The Dannebrog Was the Flag of Denmark-Norway For several hundred years, Denmark-Norway had been in a legislative union. Denmark was the leading party in this union, and Copenhagen was the administrative centre of the double monarchy. The Dannebrog had been the common flag of the whole realm since the beginning of the 16th century. The red flag with a white cross was known all over Europe, and in every shipping town the citizens were familiar with this symbol of Denmark-Norway. Two variants of The Dannebrog existed: a swallow-tailed flag, which was the king’s flag or state flag flown on government vessels and buildings, and a rectangular flag for private use on ordinary merchant ships or on private flagpoles. In addition, a number of special flags based on the Dannebrog existed. The flag was as frequently used and just as popular in Norway as in Denmark. The Napoleonic Wars Result in Political Changes in Scandinavia At the beginning of 1813, few Norwegians could imagine dissolution of the union with Denmark.
    [Show full text]
  • Mainufer the Fairground in Offenbach
    Das MDasess eMegeländessegel äindn eO ffein nbOffeachnbach Einladung EinladungInvit Invitationation ndin4 . ndina eaath eather erday dsays Einladung Invitation TheThe faThfairgroundirgroe fairgrunds inounds Offenbachin Offe in nbaOffechnbach MainuferMainuferMainufer VeranstalterVeranstalterVeranstalter OrganO rganizerizerOrganizer COUNCC OIL U N CFORCO IL UNC FORLEATHER IL LEATH FOR EXPORTS LEA ERTH EXPOER (EXPORTSSponsored R TS (Sponsored (Sponsored by Ministr by Mby inistry Ministrof of y of Vom Flughafen: From the International Airport Das MessegeländeDas Messegelände in Offen- in Offen- The fairgTheroun fairgds irnoun Ofdsfen ibnac Offh enbachVom Flughafen:Vom Flughafen: From theFrom International the International Airport AirportCo mmeC omrce m erceCommerc& Industry & Industry,e &, Industry,G ovGovt.t. ofof India),GIndiovt.a) Chennai,of, ChennaIndia), Indiai, Chennai,India India The fairground in Offenbach bach liegtbach i mliegt Zentrum im ZentrumEuropas ,Eur opasnext, to nextFrank tfourt Frank aref urtlocate ared lo cateAutobahnd Autobahn A3A3 RichtungRichtung A3 Würzburg/Richtung Würzburg/ Würzburg/ Frankfurt:Frankfurt: Frankfurt: www.leatherindia.org.w w w .leatherindia.org. www.leatherindia.org. _Lederwaren Veranstalter Organizer Deutschlands Deutschlands und der undRhein der- Rhein-nextin the to Frankfurtcenterin the o centerisf locatedEurope, of Euofro Geper-, of OffenbacherGer- Offenbacher Kreuz, dann dannKreuz, die die A661 dann A661 die HighwayHighway A661 Highway A3A3 direction A3 Würzburg/direction Würzburg/ Würzburg/
    [Show full text]
  • Vexillum, June 2018, No. 2
    Research and news of the North American Vexillological Association June 2018 No. Recherche et nouvelles de l’Association nord-américaine de vexillologie Juin 2018 2 INSIDE Page Editor’s Note 2 President’s Column 3 NAVA Membership Anniversaries 3 The Flag of Unity in Diversity 4 Incorporating NAVA News and Flag Research Quarterly Book Review: "A Flag Worth Dying For: The Power and Politics of National Symbols" 7 New Flags: 4 Reno, Nevada 8 The International Vegan Flag 9 Regional Group Report: The Flag of Unity Chesapeake Bay Flag Association 10 Vexi-News Celebrates First Anniversary 10 in Diversity Judge Carlos Moore, Mississippi Flag Activist 11 Stamp Celebrates 200th Anniversary of the Flag Act of 1818 12 Captain William Driver Award Guidelines 12 The Water The Water Protectors: Native American Nationalism, Environmentalism, and the Flags of the Dakota Access Pipeline Protectors Protests of 2016–2017 13 NAVA Grants 21 Evolutionary Vexillography in the Twenty-First Century 21 13 Help Support NAVA's Upcoming Vatican Flags Book 23 NAVA Annual Meeting Notice 24 Top: The Flag of Unity in Diversity Right: Demonstrators at the NoDAPL protests in January 2017. Source: https:// www.indianz.com/News/2017/01/27/delay-in- nodapl-response-points-to-more.asp 2 | June 2018 • Vexillum No. 2 June / Juin 2018 Number 2 / Numéro 2 Editor's Note | Note de la rédaction Dear Reader: We hope you enjoyed the premiere issue of Vexillum. In addition to offering my thanks Research and news of the North American to the contributors and our fine layout designer Jonathan Lehmann, I owe a special note Vexillological Association / Recherche et nouvelles de l’Association nord-américaine of gratitude to NAVA members Peter Ansoff, Stan Contrades, Xing Fei, Ted Kaye, Pete de vexillologie.
    [Show full text]
  • Hark the Heraldry Angels Sing
    The UK Linguistics Olympiad 2018 Round 2 Problem 1 Hark the Heraldry Angels Sing Heraldry is the study of rank and heraldic arms, and there is a part which looks particularly at the way that coats-of-arms and shields are put together. The language for describing arms is known as blazon and derives many of its terms from French. The aim of blazon is to describe heraldic arms unambiguously and as concisely as possible. On the next page are some blazon descriptions that correspond to the shields (escutcheons) A-L. However, the descriptions and the shields are not in the same order. 1. Quarterly 1 & 4 checky vert and argent 2 & 3 argent three gouttes gules two one 2. Azure a bend sinister argent in dexter chief four roundels sable 3. Per pale azure and gules on a chevron sable four roses argent a chief or 4. Per fess checky or and sable and azure overall a roundel counterchanged a bordure gules 5. Per chevron azure and vert overall a lozenge counterchanged in sinister chief a rose or 6. Quarterly azure and gules overall an escutcheon checky sable and argent 7. Vert on a fess sable three lozenges argent 8. Gules three annulets or one two impaling sable on a fess indented azure a rose argent 9. Argent a bend embattled between two lozenges sable 10. Per bend or and argent in sinister chief a cross crosslet sable 11. Gules a cross argent between four cross crosslets or on a chief sable three roses argent 12. Or three chevrons gules impaling or a cross gules on a bordure sable gouttes or On your answer sheet: (a) Match up the escutcheons A-L with their blazon descriptions.
    [Show full text]
  • Heraldic Terms
    HERALDIC TERMS The following terms, and their definitions, are used in heraldry. Some terms and practices were used in period real-world heraldry only. Some terms and practices are used in modern real-world heraldry only. Other terms and practices are used in SCA heraldry only. Most are used in both real-world and SCA heraldry. All are presented here as an aid to heraldic research and education. A LA CUISSE, A LA QUISE - at the thigh ABAISED, ABAISSÉ, ABASED - a charge or element depicted lower than its normal position ABATEMENTS - marks of disgrace placed on the shield of an offender of the law. There are extreme few records of such being employed, and then only noted in rolls. (As who would display their device if it had an abatement on it?) ABISME - a minor charge in the center of the shield drawn smaller than usual ABOUTÉ - end to end ABOVE - an ambiguous term which should be avoided in blazon. Generally, two charges one of which is above the other on the field can be blazoned better as "in pale an X and a Y" or "an A and in chief a B". See atop, ensigned. ABYSS - a minor charge in the center of the shield drawn smaller than usual ACCOLLÉ - (1) two shields side-by-side, sometimes united by their bottom tips overlapping or being connected to each other by their sides; (2) an animal with a crown, collar or other item around its neck; (3) keys, weapons or other implements placed saltirewise behind the shield in a heraldic display.
    [Show full text]
  • When Giraffes Attack! by Chris Dolunt
    WHEN GIRAFFES ATTACK! BY CHRIS DOLUNT (This article first appeared in Game Trade Magazine West of Nyambe’s Giko Taaba mountain range lies the in 2002.) tUbI grassland, a nearly featureless expanse of savan- Encounter Level: 6 (mad giraffes); 8 (formian nah broken only by the occasional watering hole or taskmaster and bodyguard); 9 (formian warriors) tree. The grasses in the tUbI reach as tall as six feet in the most wild of regions, and provide sustenance to a Setting: The tUbI grassland on the continent of tremendous variety of animals, such as wildebeest and Nyambe-tanda — a tropical savannah or scrub plain. gazelle, upon which the fearsome lion-centaurs called Summary: The party is attacked by mad giraffes. the entare prey. The only people who regularly brave Unfortunately, the giraffes are the property of a the tUbI are those of the nomadic Shombe tribe, and formian hive. If the party kills the giraffes, the even they take pains to avoid the entare. formians demand compensation; what they really As the party travels through this grassland, they want is for the party to cure their animals. occasionally hear a strange whistling sound off in the Requirements: This encounter uses elements from distance. Eventually, the party catches sight of a the Nyambe: African Adventures campaign source- gigantic tree in the distance, hundreds of feet in book, coming in August 2002 from Atlas Games, but height. Before they can react to the sight, a nearby can be adapted to other campaign settings. It requires group of giraffes suddenly flies into a berserk rage that the party have some method of magically curing and charges the party! diseases; this could be a paladin, a character able to A few days ago, these giraffes were attacked by a mad cast remove disease, or a magic item capable of cast- lion, and although they survived the attack, they all ing it multiple times.
    [Show full text]
  • Fairy and Folk Tales of the Irish Peasantry, by 1
    Fairy and Folk Tales of the Irish Peasantry, by 1 Fairy and Folk Tales of the Irish Peasantry, by William Butler Yeats This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org Title: Fairy and Folk Tales of the Irish Peasantry Author: William Butler Yeats Editor: William Butler Yeats Release Date: October 28, 2010 [EBook #33887] Language: English Fairy and Folk Tales of the Irish Peasantry, by 2 Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK FAIRY AND FOLK TALES *** Produced by Larry B. Harrison, Brian Foley and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) FAIRY AND FOLK TALES OF THE IRISH PEASANTRY. EDITED AND SELECTED BY W. B. YEATS. THE WALTER SCOTT PUBLISHING CO., LTD. LONDON AND FELLING-ON-TYNE. NEW YORK: 3 EAST 14TH STREET. INSCRIBED TO MY MYSTICAL FRIEND, G. R. CONTENTS. THE TROOPING FAIRIES-- PAGE The Fairies 3 Frank Martin and the Fairies 5 The Priest's Supper 9 The Fairy Well of Lagnanay 13 Teig O'Kane and the Corpse 16 Paddy Corcoran's Wife 31 Cusheen Loo 33 The White Trout; A Legend of Cong 35 The Fairy Thorn 38 The Legend of Knockgrafton 40 A Donegal Fairy 46 CHANGELINGS-- The Brewery of Egg-shells 48 The Fairy Nurse 51 Jamie Freel and the Young Lady 52 The Stolen Child 59 THE MERROW--
    [Show full text]
  • 8 Against Analytic Existence Entailments Peter Van Inwagen
    8 Against Analytic Existence Entailments peter van inwagen 1 My purpose in this essay is to present arguments for the falsity of a central premise of Amie Thomasson’s meta-ontology: that there are such things as analytic existence entailments.* My task is made difficult by the fact that I can find in Thomasson’s work no examples of analytic existence entailments that strike me as actually having the features that such statements would have to have to do the work she wants them to do. Here is a sentence from Ordinary Objects1 that is supposed to be an example of an analytic existence entailment (‘analytic entailment’ means no more than that the condi- tional so described is an analytic proposition2; the “entailment” is from antecedent to consequent): If there are particles arranged chairwise, then there is a chair. (2007: 156)3 * I am grateful to Amie Thomasson for valuable and stimulating conversation and correspondence about the topics discussed in this essay. 1 Thomasson 2007: 156–7. In this essay, I discuss only the arguments of Ordinary Objects. Elsewhere (2016), I have examined (in the context of a wider examination of Thomasson’s meta-ontology) the similar arguments of her recent book Ontology Made Easy (2015). 2 Let us say that a sentence is analytic if a logically omniscient being who understood it perfectly would see, and would require no further resources to see, that it had to express a true proposition. Let us say that a proposition is analytic if it could be expressed by an analytic sentence. Thomasson devotes a significant proportion of Ordinary Objects to a defense of the thesis that (as I would phrase the thesis) there are analytic propositions.
    [Show full text]
  • Turtles from Turtle Island 89
    88 Ontario Archaeology No. 79/80, 2005 Tur tles from Turtle Island: An Archaeological Perspective from Iroquoia Robert J. Pearce Iroquoians believe their world, Turtle Island, was created on the back of the mythological Turtle. Archaeologically, there is abundant evidence throughout Iroquoia to indicate that the turtle was highly sym- bolic, not only of Turtle Island, but also of the Turtle clan, which was preeminent among all the Iroquoian clans. Complete turtles were modified into rattles, turtle shells and bones were utilized in a variety of sym- bolic ways, and turtle images were graphically depicted in several media. This paper explores the symbolic treatments and uses of the turtle in eastern North America, which date back to the Archaic period and evolved into the mythologies of linguistically and culturally diverse groups, including the Iroquoians, Algonquians (Anishinaabeg) and Sioux. Introduction landed on “Earth” which was formed only when aquatic animals dredged up dirt and placed it upon A Middle Woodland burial mound at Rice Lake Tur tle’s back (Figure 1). The fact that the falling yielded a marine shell carved and decorated as a Aataentsic was eventually saved by landing on Turtle turtle effigy. At the nearby Serpent Mound, was noted in almost all versions of the creation story; unmodified turtle shells were carefully placed in many sources it is noted that this was not just any alongside human skeletons. At the Middle Tur tle, but “Great Snapping Turtle” (Cornplanter Ontario Iroquoian Moatfield ossuary in North 1998:12). Jesuit Father Paul le Jeune’s 1636 version York (Toronto), the only artifact interred with specifically recorded that “aquatic animals” dredged the skeletal remains of 87 individuals was a mag- up soil to put onto Turtle’s back and that the falling nificent turtle effigy pipe.
    [Show full text]
  • Gardening for Native Bees in Utah and Beyond James H
    Published by Utah State University Extension and Utah Plant Pest Diagnostic Laboratory ENT-133-09 January 2013 Gardening for Native Bees in Utah and Beyond James H. Cane Linda Kervin Research Entomologist, USDA ARS Logan, UT Pollinating Insect-Biology, Management, Systematics Research Do You Know? • 900 species of native bees reside in Utah. • Some wild bees are superb pollinators of Utah’s tree fruits, raspberries, squashes, melons and cucumbers. • Few of our native bees have much venom or any inclination to sting. • Our native bees use hundreds of varieties of garden flowers, many of them water-wise. • A garden plant need not be native to attract and feed native bees. tah is home to more than 20 percent Uof the 4,000+ named species of wild Fig. 1. Carder bee (Anthidium) foraging at lavender (Lavendula: Lamiaceae).1 bees that are native to North America. Except for bumblebees and some sweat bees, our native bees are solitary, not so- cial, many with just one annual generation that coincides with bloom by their favorite floral hosts. In contrast, the familiar honey- bee is highly social, has perennial colonies, and was brought to North America by settlers from Europe. Regardless of these differences, however, all of our bees need pollen and nectar from flowers. The sugars in sweet nectar power their flight; mother bees also imbibe some nectar to mix with pollen that they gather. Pollen is fortified with proteins, oils and minerals that are es- sential for the diets of their grub-like larvae back at the nest. Our flower gardens can become valuable cafeterias for local populations of diverse native bees.
    [Show full text]