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MOUNT ARLINGTON & LANDING MORRIS COUNTY, NEW JERSEY MY TOWN THROUGH A CHILD’S EYES Geology & Hydrology Pre-Colonial Development Colonial Times: Birth of A Nation 19th Century Development Industrial Revolution Resort Days & Entertainment Modern Era “Our Poem” – Mount Arlington Class of 2016 Surrounded by old folded rocks and glacial till Mount Arlington and Landing have formed by will The will of the Rogerenes and entrepreneurs Embody the spirit that Americans endure The Lake and its shores have changed over time Using the best of technology one could find Tracing the changes in transportation and conveniences One can marvel how the towns folks rendered their services From canals and mules, stage coaches and wagons Came the trains and trolleys and steamboats tugging Transporting goods and people lead to hotels and camps Allowing all to escape the heat of the city using boating ramps Along came the yachting and boating and an amusement park Which dotted and lit the shores into the dark While the glorious days of the 1900s have past The Lake and its community continue to last HISTORY & COMMUNITY We are pleased to present our work on the history of our community. This project was made possible by the generous grant and volumes of resources the Mount Arlington Historical Society provided to our school. We look forward sharing our research today and in the future to other students here at MAPS and Decker schools as well as the community at large. After some renovations in our building this summer, this showcase behind will be used as a permanent rotating display educating students about the changes that have occurred over time. We hope that in the future you too will come to view our discoveries and share your knowledge and wisdom as this program continues to grow. HISTORY & COMMUNITY Today we will present a slideshow enriched with images readily available on the internet. Many of the black and white photos were found on-line in the New Jersey State Archives. Our research efforts we made possible by the resources provided by Mrs. JoAnn Gardner and the Davis family who provided access to the volumes of records maintained by Virginia Rooney. We invited Mrs. Gardner into our classroom to help us process the records. We started listening to the volumes of oral histories the society has maintained. We also found that the on-line articles by Marty Kane of the Lake Hopatcong Historical Society were very useful. HISTORY & COMMUNITY As part of the program today you are welcomed to stay and discuss your memories and ideas with us and/or take and return a copy of our questionnaire form. Next year we hope to invite more of you back for more detail interviews which will be recorded and taped using the technology resources made possible with the grant monies. We also have a pre-stamped souvenir postcard for you that you can mail to us. Special thanks to our teachers Mrs. Crawford and Mr. Arnold who worked with us on this project. Geology: The science that deals with the dynamics and physical history of the earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the physical, chemical, and biological changes that the earth has undergone or is undergoing . As shown by the legend, Mount Arlington and Landing are located in a region made of Pre- Cambium rocks such as granite and gneiss, some of the oldest rocks in the world. These rocks are igneous rocks. Beneath the lake sediments and sandstone are found. Sandstone forms over time by the pressure of layers and is a sedimentary rock. Glacial Boundaries The lake, which was once two separate water bodies, formed during the last ice age. Glacial till from the Wisconsin ice shield formed a terminal moraine south of the lake. The ice is estimated to have been present for ~200 years. Hydrology: The science dealing with the occurrence, circulation, distribution, and properties of the waters of the earth and its atmosphere Lake Hopatcong is over 9 miles long, covers 2,700 acres, and has ~38 miles of shoreline. The Lake Hopatcong watershed (the surrounding area that contributes to the water quality and quantity) is relatively small, on the order of 13,500 acres. Much of the surrounding watershed area is undeveloped forest with growing residential development around the Lake. Lake Hopatcong has no major tributaries; rather, the inflow to the Lake is contributed by a number of brooks and streams from the mountain area surrounding the Lake. Lake Hydrology Circa 1908 Lake Hopatcong was originally two adjacent lakes that were the headwaters of the Musconetcong River. A dam was constructed in 1750 to provide power for a local iron forge, and the water level increased by some 5 feet and combined the two lakes into one larger lake. 1933 The lake as it is known today was created through the construction of another dam in 1827 by the Morris Canal and Banking Company to build the Morris Canal. Boats on the canal transported coal, iron, and zinc across New Jersey. This raised the lake to 12’ above its natural elevation. The lake is monitored at the dam to control the flow of water downstream. Lake Hopatcong USGS Information USGS stands for the United States Geological Survey. Lake Hopatcong Gauging Station Native Americans: Lenape Lenape Indians The Lenni Lenape was a Native American tribe. They called New Jersey their home for thousands of years. At one point they were forced out by English settlers. Some of the settlers bought their land, but others forced them out with battle. The used the lake to fish and for drinking water. They used the trees to make boats that they used for fishing. They used many natural resources as tools. They used shells like we use shovels and made other tools. They buried their crops underground in containers to keep them from spoiling. Children would watch the garden for animals. Lenape Indians The Rogerenes were a group Rogerenes or religionist order who broke away from the original Pilgrims. They came to the region to escape persecution in Connecticut. Travelling from Connecticut, a group of ~20 families arrived around 1705 and settled around Mountain Pond, now called Lake Rogerine. (modern spelling) This group lived like Quakers but were Baptists and established farms, houses, and teaching & religion practices. They had a habit of running off to other churches and just The Rogerenes were pacifists and refused to pay the war listen from the outside to tax and left the area at the time of the American discover other religions. Revolution. Lake Rogerine Lake Rogerine in the Fall Lake Rogerine/Landing/Mining All of Morris County had iron ore mining. Near Lake Hopatcong an iron forge was built by John Slade. The forge used bypass water to run its operations and sawmill. The Slade Forge was located near the lower end of Shippenport Rd. Ruins of a nearby iron forge and sawmill. The ore came from the nearby Mariot's Mine and the Gove Mine near Mountain Pond, now known as Lake Rogerene. Gove Mine in Landing This mine near Lake Rogerine was mined for magnetite. Magnetite is a type of iron oxide and is the most magnetic naturally occurring mineral on Earth . Its chemical name is ferrous-ferric oxide, and its chemical formula is Fe3O4. It is now filled in but had two shafts that extended to 400 feet. Gove Mine Safety Map 1978 Mount Arlington Silver Spring Mine The Silver Springs Mine operated in the 1880s and was located near Reda Road. A dip needle uses a compass and protractor to measure magnetic fields of ore deposits. Morris Canal at Landing This postcard shows the Landing train station and the Morris Canal circa 1895-1905. Morris Canal at Landing Completed in 1837, the Morris Canal was an engineering landmark that relied on canals, locks and inclined planes to lift and carry canal boats from Phillipsburg on the Delaware River to Jersey City, the Hudson River and New York Harbor. The boats transported coal, iron ore, manufactured goods and agricultural produce. Lake Hopatcong was the highest elevation on the canal so water feed both east and "The Feeder leading from Lake Hopatcong to west. the Morris Canal." [looking north; lock on left] Morris Canal at Landing "Near Lake Hopatcong Station." [Will's Basin] Morris Canal at Landing "Canal at Lake Hopatcong, Lackawanna R. R. Station." [looking west from the station] Morris Canal at Landing "Canal at Will's Basin, near Lake Hopatcong." [top of Plane 1 East, looking west] Morris Canal at Landing Morris Canal Lock at Landing Morris Canal Lock at Landing Landing Bridge circa 1927 Landing Bridge after 1927 Steamboats, Trollies, & Railroads Steamboats, Trollies, & Railroads Steamboats, Trollies, & Railroads Steamboats, Trollies, & Railroads Landing Train Station The Morris Canal was abandoned in the 1920s. The area where the canal was located at Landing Station is now a parking lot. The old Lackawanna tracks continue in use at Landing, now operated by New Jersey Transit. The elevated walkways and elevators were torn down in 1982. The station building, located on Landing Road, has since various commercial occupants. It has recently been beautifully renovated by its current occupant, Carriage House Restoration and Interior Design Steamboats, Trollies, & Railroads Trollies and automobiles served the Landing area. Steamboats, Trollies, & Railroads This postcard shows the trolley, an automobile, and horse and buggy. Landing to the Resorts After arriving in Landing people would board boats and ships to arrive at the resorts. Steamboats, Trollies, & Railroads The photo above shows the "Hopatcong", the flagship of Theodore Kings's 'White Line', at the dock in Landing, circa 1905.

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