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Review of Accredited Operator Schemes Review of Accredited Operator Schemes Centre for Customs and Excise Studies Charles Sturt University March 2014 This report has been prepared by the Centre for Customs and Excise Studies, Charles Sturt University, for and on behalf of the AITTIDF. Key contributors: Professor David Widdowson, Mr Bryce Blegen, Dr Mikhail Kashubsky and Dr Andrew Grainger. Acknowledgements The researchers would like to thank those who provided assistance in completing this study, including representatives of the Australian International Trade and Transport Industry Development Fund, the Customs Brokers and Forwarders Council of Australia Inc., the Export Council of Australia, the Australian Federation of International Forwarders, the Conference of Asia Pacific Express Carriers, Shipping Australia Limited, the Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, the Customs Trade Advisory Group, the Australian Customs and Border Protection Service, the Department of Infrastructure and Regional Development, the Department of Agriculture, the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, the World Customs Organization, the International Civil Aviation Organization, the International Maritime Organization, IBM Australia Limited, Shooters Wholesale Warehouse Pty Ltd, Inland Trading Co (Aust) Pty Ltd, Aspen Medical Pty Ltd, Sanger Australia Pty Ltd, and all others who assisted with this study including those who participated in the industry focus groups and surveys. © AITTIDF 2014 No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without prior permission. Review of Accredited Operator Schemes Contents Abbreviations and Acronyms ......................................................... iv Executive Summary ........................................................................ 1 1. Background ........................................................................... 4 2. The Research Project ............................................................. 6 3. Methodology ........................................................................ 7 4. International initiatives ......................................................... 9 4.1. 9/11 and the focus on supply chain security ......................................... 9 4.2. International Civil Aviation Organization ............................................ 12 4.3. International Maritime Organization .................................................. 15 4.4. World Customs Organization .............................................................. 16 4.4.1. Development of the SAFE Framework ................................................................ 16 4.4.2. Evolution of the SAFE Framework ....................................................................... 19 4.4.3. Implementation of the SAFE Framework ............................................................ 20 4.4.4. Mutual Recognition ............................................................................................. 23 4.4.5. Trader Identification ............................................................................................ 26 4.4.6. SAFE Framework: Impact on business practice ................................................... 27 5. Australian initiatives ........................................................... 31 5.1. Australian Aviation initiatives ............................................................ 31 5.1.1. Stakeholder consultation .................................................................................... 31 5.1.2. Aviation transport security .................................................................................. 31 5.1.3. Regulated Air Cargo Agent (RACA) ...................................................................... 32 5.1.4. Accredited Air Cargo Agent (AACA) ..................................................................... 33 5.1.5. Proposed new air cargo security framework ...................................................... 34 5.2. Australian Maritime initiatives ........................................................... 37 5.3. Australian Customs initiatives ............................................................ 38 5.3.1. Stakeholder consultation .................................................................................... 38 5.3.2. Accredited Client Program .................................................................................. 38 5.3.3. WCO SAFE Framework ........................................................................................ 40 5.3.4. AEO pilot project ................................................................................................. 41 5.3.5. AEO program review 2011 .................................................................................. 43 5.3.6. ACBPS current position ....................................................................................... 45 i | P a g e Review of Accredited Operator Schemes 5.4. Australian Biosecurity initiatives ........................................................ 48 5.4.1. Export requirements ........................................................................................... 48 5.4.2. Import requirements ........................................................................................... 51 5.5. Australia’s Free Trade Agreements ..................................................... 55 6. Australian industry position ................................................ 57 6.1.1. General observations .......................................................................................... 57 6.1.2. Does Australia need an AEO scheme?................................................................. 58 6.1.3. Disadvantages in the absence of an Australian AEO scheme ............................. 59 6.1.4. Public-private sector relationship ....................................................................... 59 6.1.5. Scope, focus and detail of an Australian AEO program ...................................... 60 7. Emerging Trends ................................................................. 68 8. Implications for Australia .................................................... 70 8.1. Scope and Focus of a Trusted Trader program .................................... 70 8.2. Membership of a Trusted Trader program .......................................... 72 8.3. Whole of Government Approach ........................................................ 72 8.4. Implementing a Trusted Trader program ............................................ 73 Endnotes ...................................................................................... 75 References .................................................................................... 93 Annex 1: Mandatory advance reporting...................................................... 123 Annex 2: Original AEO criteria in SAFE Framework 2005 ............................. 124 Annex 3: AEO Programs of Selected Countries ............................................ 125 3A: United States ............................................................................................................ 125 3B: European Union ....................................................................................................... 127 3C: Singapore .................................................................................................................. 130 3D: New Zealand ............................................................................................................ 132 3E: People’s Republic of China ....................................................................................... 134 Annex 4: RACA Security Program Requirements ......................................... 136 Annex 5: ACCA Security Program Requirements ......................................... 140 Annex 6: Company Profiles ......................................................................... 141 6A: IBM Corporation ....................................................................................................... 141 6B: Shooters Wholesale Warehouse .............................................................................. 142 6C: Inland Trading ........................................................................................................... 143 6D: Aspen Medical .......................................................................................................... 144 6E: Sanger Australia ........................................................................................................ 145 ii | P a g e Review of Accredited Operator Schemes Annex 7: Survey Template .......................................................................... 146 Annex 8: Industry Background Paper .......................................................... 149 Annex 9 – Quality Management System (Meat and Meat Products) ............. 153 iii | P a g e Review of Accredited Operator Schemes Abbreviations and Acronyms AACA Accredited Air Cargo Agent AAO AQIS Authorised Officer ABS Australian Bureau of Statistics ACBPS Australian Customs and Border Protection Service ACCI Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry ACI Advance Cargo Information ACS Australian Customs Service1 AEMIS Australian Export Meat Inspection System AEO Authorised Economic Operator AFIF Australian Federation of International Forwarders AIMSS Airfreight Industry Minimum Security Standard AIS Automatic Identification Systems
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