INDEX

A ABG Shipyard, 148, 149 in Indian geography, 56, 57 Academy of Military Sciences and, 93, 105 (China), 226 in -Pakistan war, 66, 202 Afghanistan, 91 MILAN meetings, 198 Africa offshore oil, 155 in ancient maritime trade, 2, 48, regional shipping, 150 256 strategic importance, 107–8, 159 Chinese naval diplomacy and, tourism, 158, 159 187 2004 tsunami, 211n84 Chinese shipbuilding and, 129, , 56, 57 165n21 Andhra Pradesh, 153, 155, 160 colonial period, 16 Anglo-Malayan Defence India and, 280 Agreement (AMDA), 292 and, 56 Anhui, 137 source of oil, 130, 203 Annamalai University, 155 source of raw materials, 59, 83, Antoninus Pius, Emperor of Rome, 270 258 African Union Summit, 280 Antony, A.K., 99, 203 Akbar the Great, 257 AP 3000, 8 Akiyama Saneyuki, 13 APEC (Asia Pacific Economic Alang, 160 Cooperation), 311 Alcock & Ashdown Co. Ltd., 147 Arabian Sea Aleutian Islands, 72 Indian Navy presence in, 97, Alexander the Great, 2, 265 196 Alexandria, 258 India's strategic interests in, 56, Allahabad, 157 91, 310 All India Council for Technical Japanese naval presence in, 272, Education (AICTE), 239 282

335

10AsianTimeIndex.indd 335 12/30/10 10:33:19 AM 336 Index

offshore oil and gas, 107 Five Power Defence sea lanes in, 203, 271 Arrangements, 292 Arabs, 2, 255 Great Barrier Reef, 42 Arctic Ocean, 36, 37 joint naval exercises, 274 Argentina, 24–26, 134, 277 maritime power, 22 Armada Republic Argentina, 25, 26 relations with China, 78, 131 Arthashastra, 216, 257, 263, relations with India, 198 264–66, 267 relations with Southeast Asia, 254 Art of War, 216, 263, 265 relations with the United States, Arunachalam, B., 298n35 274 Arunachal Pradesh, 109, 300n72 2004 tsunami, 193, 197, 282 Ascension Island, 25 Aviation Week, 226 ASEAN (Association of Southeast Azhical, 160 Asian Nations), 185, 207n24, 281, 285–88, 294–95, 311 B ASEAN Plus Three, 204, 286 Baghdad, 245n8 ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF), Bagramayan, Hovhannes, Marshal, 182, 194, 204, 286, 292, 11 294, 311 Bahamas, 134, 277 Ashoka the Great, 258, 265 Balboa, 277 Asian Development Bank, 132 Baltic and International Maritime Asia-Pacific region, 58–60, 64n83, Council (BIMCO), 192 107, 181–83, 253, 282, 284 Baltic Sea, 10, 11 Associated Chambers of Bangaram Island, 159 Commerce and Industry of Bangladesh India (ASSOCHAM), 243 anti-piracy agreement, 287 Association for Bangladesh-India- fishing industry, 152 Myanmar-Sri Lanka-Thailand in India-Pakistan conflicts, 98 Economic Cooperation in India's maritime geography, (BIMST-EC), 194 56 Association for Relations Across relations with China, 187, 271, the Taiwan Straits (ARATS), 279 184, 185 relations with India, 44, 157, Atlantic Ocean, 16, 57, 142, 232, 197 277, 308 ship recycling industry, 160 Augustus, Emperor of Rome, 258 Baotou, 137 Aurangzeb, 257 Barak River, 157 Australia Barbers, 162 in Asia-Pacific region, 58, 59 Barus, 258 in East Asia Summit, 286 Basham, A.L., 265

10AsianTimeIndex.indd 336 12/30/10 10:33:19 AM Index 337

Batang Hari River, 261 Bonin Islands, 72 Bateman, S.W., 32n68 Book of Lord Shang, 263 Bay of Bandon, 260 Booth, Ken, 195 Border Peace and Tranquillity in ancient maritime trade, 259, Agreement (BPTA), 270 260 Borneo, 56 China's strategic interests in, Bosnia, 216 271 Brahmaputra River, 157, 158 Indian Navy presence, 97, Brazil, 22, 131, 134, 198, 200, 98, 196, 198, 236, 271, 280 289–90 Britain. See also British Royal in India's maritime geography, Navy; Falklands War (1982) 56 Chinese computer hackers and, nuclear submarines in, 293 227 offshore oil and gas, 107 colonial possessions, 16, 39, 65, Tamil Tigers and, 213n104 111n2 tourism development, 158 Five Power Defence U.S. Navy and, 202, 236 Arrangements, 292 Bay of Bengal Initiative for history of maritime thought, Multi-Sectoral Technical 7–8 and Economic Cooperation Indian Ocean and, 3 (BIMSTEC), 281 Japan and, 12, 13–14 Baypore, 160 maritime power, 4, 7, 9–10, Beidou satellites, 231 22–23, 308 Belarus, 100 nuclear capabilities, 67, 96, 293 Bengal, 254 relations with India, 98, 100, Bhagirathi River, 157 198, 199, 278 Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL), trade with Mogul empire, 257 101, 241 UNCLOS III and, 43 Bharti Shipyard, 148, 149 British Army, 8 Bihar, 157 British Military Doctrine, 8 Bindusara, 265 British Royal Navy Black Sea, 2, 11 in British maritime power, 7–8 Boeing, 104, 243 in development of Indian Navy, Bohai Bay, 142 16, 90 Bohai Rim, 134 in Falklands War, 25–26 Bolgatty Island, 159 joint exercises, 186, 200, 236, Bombay. See 254 Bombay Steam Navigation technological advancement, 238 Company, 161 Brown, Lester R., 134

10AsianTimeIndex.indd 337 12/30/10 10:33:19 AM 338 Index

Brunei, 51, 52, 183, 286, 295 relations; China-Japan Buddhism, 260, 261, 266 relations; China-Pakistan Buenaventura, 134 relations; China-Russia Buenos Aires Container Terminal, relations; China-Taiwan 134 relations; China-United States Burma, 16, 258. See also Myanmar relations; PLA (People's Bush, George W., 304n116 Liberation Army); PLA Navy ancient maritime power, 3, C 14, 47–48, 70, 175–76, Cable, James, 177 251–56, 262 Cady, John F., 260 anti-piracy agreement, 287 Calcutta, 147, 151, 162 coastal regions, 86–87, 126, Callao, 134 127 Cambodia, 39, 207n17, 258, 259 computer hacking incidents, Canada, 22, 101 226–27 Canada-United Kingdom-United determinants of maritime power, States (CANUKUS) Naval 22, 60 Data Transmission Working energy supply, 83–84, 107, 130, Group, 219 185 Cape of Good Hope, 57, 91, 93 environmental protection, 139 Caranzalem, 160 European dominance over, 14, Caribbean Sea, 10 65, 111n1 Central Asia, 280, 281 fishing industry, 134–35, 152, Centre for Development of 163 Telematics (India), 241 information technology in, Chaiya, 259 223–24 Chalukya kingdom, 15, 257 inland waterways, 135–37 Cham kingdom, 267 international maritime Chandragupta Maurya, Emperor, agreements and, 48–51 257, 263, 265 marine tourism, 137–40 Chengdu, 226 maritime economic policies, Chengzu, Emperor, 256 126–45 Chennai, 151, 162, 297n28 maritime geography, 55–56, 59 Chen Shui-bian, 185 military spending, 89–90, 109, Chera kingdom, 15, 258 183 Chiang Kai-Shek, 71, 112n20 nuclear capabilities, 86, 113n32, Chi Haotian, General, 189, 286, 293 209n52 peacekeeping operations, 182, Chile, 134, 152, 187 207n17 China. See also China-India port infrastructure, 131–34

10AsianTimeIndex.indd 338 12/30/10 10:33:19 AM Index 339

relations with Southeast Asia, military diplomacy, 181 253–54, 285–96 PLA Navy and, 176, 185, 191, seafaring workforce, 142–45 270 shipbuilding industry, 75, 78, rivalry and strategies, 182, 191, 127–29, 163, 165 (nn13, 268, 272–74 21) role of the United States in, 87 shipping industry, 129–31, 163 China Maritime Surveillance space programme, 230–33 (CMS), 80 Special Economic Zones, 86, China National Computer 125 Network Emergency Response territorial claims, 42, 48–49, Technical Team (CNCERT), 51–53, 286 227 theories of statecraft, 263–64 China National Electronic Import tsunami relief, 193, 211n73, and Export Corporation, 287 230 2008 Beijing Olympics, 139, China National Offshore Oil 140, 227 Corporation (CNOOC), 142, China-ASEAN dialogue, 183, 286 207n24 China National Research Centre China Association of the National for Intelligence Computing Shipbuilding Industry Systems, 226 (CANSI), 128, 129 China National Tourism China Coordination Council Administration (CNTA), 138 for Overseas Seamen China Ocean Mineral Resources Employment (COSE), 144 R&D Association (COMRA), China-India relations 141 Indian exports, 131, 153 China-Pakistan relations naval diplomacy, 181 boundary agreement, 300n72 rivalry and strategies, 182, Gwadar port project, 84, 277, 270–74 280 Tamil merchant guilds, 258 India and, 279–80 war and border disputes, 109, Karakoram Highway, 271 122n197, 191, 233, military assistance, 302n103 303n112 naval diplomacy, 187 China Information Technology nuclear cooperation, 109, 273, Report, 224 280 China International Contractors' signal monitoring facilities, 231 Association (CHINCA), 144 China Precision Machinery Import China-Japan relations and Export Corporation, historical factors, 12, 13, 111n1 230

10AsianTimeIndex.indd 339 12/30/10 10:33:20 AM 340 Index

China-Russia relations Chinese Academy of Social military and technical Sciences (CASS), 273 cooperation, 15, 75, Chinese Maritime Authority, 142 80, 181, 192, 269–70, Chirac, Jacques, 161 300nn68–69 Chittagong, 187 naval diplomacy, 187 Chola empire, 3, 15, 257, 258–59, rapprochement, 72 262 China Shipbuilding Industry Cholas, 175 Corporation (CSIC), 129 Chongqing, 137 China Shipping Group (CSG), Chulamani Varmadeva Vihara, 143 261 China's National Defense, 181, Chungshan Institute of Science 183 and Technology, 85 China State Shipbuilding Chunxiao gas field, 185 Corporation (CSSC), 129 climate change, 43–44 China-Taiwan relations Cline, Ray S., 21 international maritime Clinton, Bill, 304n116 agreements, 50–51 CNTA Information Center, 138 Russia and, 192 CNTA Logistics Center, 138 threats of invasion, 80–81, coastal populations, 37, 60n2 84–86, 176, 182, 184–85, Coates, Nigel, Rear Admiral, 201 207n26, 270 Cochin, 147, 151, 158, 159, 160 United States and, 48, 66, 184, Cochin Shipyard Limited (CSL), 188–89, 274–75 99, 147, 148 China Tourism Association, 138 Cohen, William, 189, 209n52 China Tourism Management Cold War, 11, 67, 188, 201 Institute, 138 Colombia, 134 China Tourism News, 138 Colombo, 187, 212n84 China Travel and Tourism Press, Commission of Science, 138 Technology and Industry China-United States relations for National Defense Hurricane Katrina, 193 (COSTIND), 128, 129, naval encounters, 176, 188–91 226 rivalry and strategy, 182, 187, Committee on Maritime 268, 274–76, 290–91 Education and Training Taiwan issue, 48, 66, 78, 83, (CMET) (India), 162 85, 184, 274–75 Compass Navigation Satellite China Wide Web, 223 System, 231 Chinese Academy of Fishery Confederation of Indian Industry Science (CAFS), 135 (CII), 242

10AsianTimeIndex.indd 340 12/30/10 10:33:20 AM Index 341

Conference on Interaction Davis Engineering, 101 and Confidence-Building Dayawan, 84, 87 Measures in Asia (CICA), 182 DCN International, 98, 293 Congo, 207n19 Deccan plateau, 156 Container Security Initiative (CSI), Defence Electronics Research 204 Laboratory (DLRL), 241 Coordinating Body on the Seas of Defence Imagery Processing and East Asia (COBSEA), 139 Analysis Centre (DIPAC), Coordination Council for Overseas 239 Seamen Employment of Defence Research and China (CCOSEC), 143 Development Organization Corbett, Sir Julian, 7–8 (DRDO), 96, 149, 240, 241 Cornell University, 184 Dellios, Rosita, 267 Coromandel coast, 258 Democratic Party of Japan, 274 COSCO (China Ocean Shipping Democratic Progress Party (DPP), Company), 129, 143 185 COSCOMAN (COSCO Manning Deng Xiaoping, 15, 70, 72, 138 Cooperation Inc.), 143 Deng Xiaoping on Tourism, 138 COSTIND University of Denmark, 100 Electronic Science and Department of Electronics (DoE) Technology, 226 (India), 234 Council on Security Cooperation Department of Ocean in Asia and Pacific Region Development (DOD) (India), (CSCAP), 182, 194, 281 154 Crestone Company, 185 Department of Space (DoS) Crete, 2, 29n2 (India), 234 Cristobal, 277 Dhubri, 157 Crowder, William, Vice Admiral, Diaoyutai Islands, 52–53, 55, 81, 200 142, 185, 272 Cultural Revolution, 49, 72, 89 Diego Garcia, 27 Cyclone Nargis, 197, 289 Directorate General for Cyclone Sidr, 197 Information Warfare (India), 234 D Directorate General of Shipping Dai Qingmin, General, 222 (India), 161, 162 Da Lac Reef, 185 Directorate of Foreign Cooperation Dalai Lama, 190 (DFC) (India), 199 Dalian Maritime University, 144 Directorate of Information Dalian Port, 133 Technology (DIT) (India), Daoism, 263 241

10AsianTimeIndex.indd 341 12/30/10 10:33:20 AM 342 Index

Directorate of Naval Design Fisher, Admiral Jackie, 8 (DND), 105 fishing Djibouti, 198 in China, 134–35 Dongshan Island, 184 EEZs and, 45–46 Drake, Sir Francis, 7 in India, 152–54, 164, 171n130 Law of the Sea and, 41 E sea power and, 11, 19 East Asia Summit (EAS), 194, Five Power Defence Arrangements 274, 281, 286, 294, 311 (FPDA), 292 East China Sea, 51, 55, 142, 185, Fleet Ship Management, 162 192 food security, 125, 134–35 East India Company, 111n2 FOSMA (Foreign Owners Ship Ecuador, 134 Managers Association), 162 EEZs (Exclusive Economic Zones) France in sea power, 16, 21, 22, 44–47, colonial possessions, 51, 52, 65, 178, 179 111n2 UNCLOS III and, 29, 38, defence contracts, 294 42–43 humanitarian missions, 289 Egypt, 1, 2, 198, 257, 258 maritime power, 4, 10, 22, Electronics Corporation of India 308 Limited (ECIL), 233 military literature, 226 English Channel, 7, 10 navy, 9, 186, 200, 236, 238 English language, 144, 161 nuclear capabilities, 67, 96, Ensenada International Terminal, 293 134 relations with India, 102, 160, environmental issues, 43–44, 139, 198, 199, 278 160–61, 171n130 tourism industry, 138 Eritrea, 198 trade in Indian Ocean, 3 Erlangga, 267 Fujian Militia, 80 Essar Shipping, 151 Fujian province, 134 Ethiopia, 2 Funan, 254–55, 260 Europe, 182, 187, 227, 252, 277, Fundamentals of British Maritime 308 Doctrine, BR 1806, 8 European Union, 232, 286 G F Galileo global positioning system, Fa Hsien, 255 232 Falklands War (1982), 24–26, 82 Galle, 212n84 Fernandes, George, 91 Ganges River, 157, 158 Fiji, 22 Gao Zong, Emperor, 255

10AsianTimeIndex.indd 342 12/30/10 10:33:20 AM Index 343

Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Grove, Eric, 195 Engineers (GRSE), 106, 147, Guam, 27, 72, 274–75 148–49 Guangdong, 137 Gates, Robert, 64n83, 99 Guangdong province, 84 General Security on Military Guangxi, 137 Information Agreement Guangzhou, 138, 259 (GSOMIA), 284 Guangzhou Naval Academy, 77 Germany Guayaquil, 134 Chinese computer hackers and, Guizhou, 137 227 Gujarat, 147, 151, 153, 155, 160 Indian Navy and, 100, 102, 198 Gulf of Mannar, 54 maritime power, 4 Gulf of Oman, 84 military literature, 226 Gulf of Siam, 260 naval engagements, 11 Gulf War, First (1990–91) World War II, 14 conduct of, 26–27 Gia Long, Emperor, 51 effects on China and India, globalization, 4, 5–6, 18, 66, 216–17, 225, 227–28, 244 124–26, 142 as showcase of technological Glonass system, 231 warfare, 23, 220 Goa U.S. defence spending and, 28 fishing industry, 153 Gulf War, Second (2003-), 27–28, inland waterways, 157 216, 245n8 marine tourism, 158, 159, 160 Gupta empire, 257 oceanography institute, 154 Gwadar Deep Sea Project (GDSP), port and shipyards, 147, 151 84, 277, 280 Goa Shipyard Limited (GSL), 106, 147, 148 H Godavari River, 157 Hague Peace Conferences, 48 Gorshkov, Admiral Sergei, 11–12 Hainan Island GPS (global positioning system), nuclear naval base, 282, 289–91, 231, 232 292 Grain Issue in China, 135 piracy, 192 Grand Canal, 137 PLANAF deployments, 77, 83 Great Barrier Reef, 42 signals intelligence stations, 233 Great Eastern Shipping Company, tourism, 139 151 U.S. Navy incident, 189 Greater Sunda Islands, 72 Haiti, 207n19 Great Wall of China, 137 Haldia, 157 Greece, 1, 2, 144, 175, 257, 308 Hall, Kenneth, 261, 262 Greenpeace, 161 Han dynasty, 254

10AsianTimeIndex.indd 343 12/30/10 10:33:21 AM 344 Index

Hangzhou, 255 Hu Jintao, 70, 84 Han Xu, 49 Hunan, 137 Haribhanga River, 44 Hurricane Katrina, 193 Hasan, Muzaffar, Vice Admiral, Hussein, Saddam, 27 302n103 Hawaii, 187 I HDW (Howaldstwerke-Deutsche IAEA (International Atomic Werke), 102 Energy Agency), 283 Heilongjiang, 136 IBSAMAR (IBSA Maritime), 200 Hideyoshi, Toyotomi, 267 Imperial Japanese Navy, 13 Himalayas, 156, 191, 270 Incidents at Sea Agreement Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (INCSEA), 294 (HAL), 99, 102, 104, 106 India. See also China-India Hindustan Copper Limited, 155 relations; Indian Navy; India- Hindustan Shipyard Limited Pakistan relations; India- (HSL), 147, 148 Russia relations; India-United Hindustan Zinc Limited, 155 States relations Hippalus, 258 ancient maritime power, 1, 15, Honduras, 22 175–76, 251–54, 256–59 Hong Kong anti-piracy agreement, 287 British naval presence, 39 colonial history, 16, 65 in China-United States relations, determinants of maritime power, 190 22, 60 Chinese shipping industry and, economic rise, 92 144 energy supply routes, 280 marine tourism, 139–40 fishing industry, 152–54, 164, piracy, 192 171n130 port, 134, 137 information technology industry, Tiananmen Square rally, 224 233–34 Hooghly Dock & Port Engineers inland waterways, 156–58 Limited, 147 international maritime Hooghly River, 157 agreements and, 53–54, Hormuz, 3 204–5 How Far is War from Us?, 229 marine tourism, 158–60 Huaihe, 136 maritime economic policy, Huangdao, 84 145–63 Huanghua Port Construction maritime geography, 56–57, 59 Project, 133 military spending, 108–9 Huangpu, 136 nuclear capabilities, 95–97, 279, Hubei, 137 283, 285, 293, 304n116

10AsianTimeIndex.indd 344 12/30/10 10:33:21 AM Index 345

offshore oil and gas, 107, Indian Navy 155–56 aircraft carriers, 97–99 peacekeeping operations, 176, aviation arm, 82, 102–4 195 development of, 16, 32 (nn65, port infrastructure, 146, 69), 65–68, 90 151–52, 164 diplomacy, 194–205, 309–10 relations with Japan, 12, 198, force structure and inventory, 199, 200, 278, 282, 284 94–97, 98–104, 294, 295 relations with Southeast Asia, International Fleet Review, 191, 253, 281–82, 286, 295–96 194 seafaring workforce, 161–63 intrusions into Chinese waters, shipbuilding industry, 146–49, 49, 191 163–64, 256–57 joint exercises, 186, 199–200, shipping industry, 149–51, 164 280, 281, 288 ship recycling industry, 160–61 MILAN, 194, 198 space programme, 239–42 military engagements, 98, 104 Special Economic Zones, 125 Myanmar and, 288–89 strategic interests, 40, 90–93 role of merchant fleet, 105 territorial disputes, 44 roles and missions, 106–8, 2004 tsunami, 193, 197 118n129, 176–77 Zheng He's voyages, 256 size, 68, 94–95 India, Brazil and South Africa strategic thinking, 93–94, 110, (IBSA), 200, 280 309 India Hydrocarbon Vision-2025, technological warfare 156 capabilities, 234–39, 310 Indian Air Force, 201, 243 2004 tsunami, 282 , 148 Indian Ocean Indian Institute of Maritime China's strategic interests in, 84, Studies (IIMS), 162, 163 270–71, 288 Indian Institutes of Technology geography, 56–57, 261 (IITs), 155, 242 Indian naval deployments, 98, Indian Maritime Doctrine (IMD), 310 68, 105, 195 India's strategic interests in, 40, Indian Maritime University, 162 90, 93–94, 203, 278 Indian National Database of monsoon winds, 258 Seafarers (INDoS), 161 oceanographic exploration, 142, Indian Naval Academy, 239 154–55 Indian Naval Doctrine for Portuguese and, 3 Information Warfare satellite communications, 231, (INDIW), 221, 235 232

10AsianTimeIndex.indd 345 12/30/10 10:33:21 AM 346 Index

source of raw materials, 83 imports of Indian fish, 153 Soviet presence in, 36 India's nuclear programme and, trade and, 3, 16–17, 37 283, 304n116 2004 tsunami, 44, 79, 92, 193, Israel and, 274, 284 197, 211n73, 287 joint naval exercises, 199, during World War II, 14 200–1, 204–5, 236, 283 Indian Ocean Naval Symposia multilateral maritime initiatives, (IONS), 194, 198–99 204 Indian Ocean Rim-Association post-September 11, 203 for Regional Cooperation tsunami relief efforts, 282 (IOR-ARC), 194 Indonesia Indian Rare Earths Ltd., 155 in ancient times, 258, 266 Indian Space Research in Asia-Pacific region, 58 Organisation (ISRO), 234, Confrontation, 292–93 239, 240, 249n93 fishing industry, 152 India-Pakistan relations Malacca Strait patrols, 39, 292 air force encounters, 201–2 maritime geography, 22, 41, 56, growth of Indian military and, 57 233 naval engagements, 66, 202, Kargil conflict, 203, 279 294 1965 war, 66 navy, 215, 294 1971 conflict, 66, 98, 104 relations with China, 187 other countries and, 66, relations with India, 198, 200 278–80, 282–83 relations with Russia, 294 transfer of Karachi, 151 relations with the United States, 2001 conflict, 240 291 India-Russia relations 2004 tsunami, 197 defence contracts, 100, 103, Industrial Revolution, 252, 296n1 105, 106 Indus Valley civilization, 256 energy cooperation, 156, 203 Influence of Sea Power Upon History, joint naval exercises, 198, 199, 1660–1783, 8, 13 278 Information Warfare, 225 nuclear naval cooperation, 96, Information Warfare (IW) (India), 290 241 Pakistan and, 282–83, 303n112 Inland Waterways Authority of India-United States relations India (IWAI), 156–57 China and Japan and, 273 Inland Waterway Transport (IWT) conflicts with Pakistan and, 202, (India), 146 303n112 Institute of Asia Pacific Studies, defence contracts, 98, 99 273

10AsianTimeIndex.indd 346 12/30/10 10:33:21 AM Index 347

Integrated Network-Electronic J Warfare (INEW), 222 Jambi, 261 Intergovernmental Panel on Jammu, 300n72 Climate Change (IPCC), 43 Jamshedpur, 155 International Law of the Sea, 48 Janatha Vimukti Perumuna (JVP), International Maritime Bureau 201 (IMB), 192 Jane's Defence Weekly, 226 International Maritime Defence Japan. See also China-Japan Exhibitions (IMDEX), 194 relations; Japanese Maritime International Maritime Self Defence Force (JMSDF) Organization, 162 anti-piracy agreement, 287 International Seabed Authority, in Asia-Pacific region, 58 141 attempted Mongol invasions, International Seapower 256 Symposium, 194 dependence on maritime trade, International Ship and Port 37 Security Code (ISPS), 204, dietary habits in, 45 205 fishing industry, 135, 152 Internet, 223–24 maritime power, 10–11, 12–14, Iquique, 134 193, 253 Iran, 39, 188, 273 naval engagements, 10–11 Iraq, 26–27, 27–28, 216, 220–21, relations with India, 153, 198, 225 199, 200, 278, 282, 284 iron ore, 131, 137 relations with Southeast Asia, Irrawaddy River, 271 254, 267, 286 Ishiba, Shigeru, 191 relations with the United States, I'sing, 255, 260 188, 272–73, 274 ISMERLO (International sea lanes important to, 56, 107 Submarine Escape and Rescue shipbuilding industry, 12, Liaison Office), 192 13–14, 127, 128, 148, Israel 163, 165n13 defence industry, 101, 106, 216, shipping industry, 144 242, 294 strategic interests, 40 Law of the Sea Convention and, territorial claims, 42, 52–53 41 tsunami relief, 211n73, 282 relations with India, 199, 274, in World War II, 52 278, 284 Japanese Maritime Self Defence Italy, 4, 14 Force (JMSDF) Izar, 293 Indian Navy and, 200, 201, Izvestia, 11 236, 238

10AsianTimeIndex.indd 347 12/30/10 10:33:22 AM 348 Index

PLA Navy and, 77, 272 Kedah, 259, 261 size and technological Kenya, 197, 198 superiority, 68, 71, 95, 215 Kerala, 153, 157, 158, 159, 160 tsunami relief efforts, 193 Kerala State Minerals Corporation, United States and, 274, 275 155 Japanese Overseas Corporation Kerala Tourism Development Fund, 132 Corporation (KTDC), 159 Jaswant Singh, 304n116 Khaireddin Pasha, 18 Java, 258, 266 Khetri, 155 Java Sea, 260 Khruschev, Nikita Sergeevich, Jawaharlal Nehru Port, 151 303n112 Jawaharlal Nehru University Kickleighter, Claude, 212n93 (JNU), 239 Kiribati, 231 Jharkhand, 157 Kismayu, 197 Jiangsu province, 129, 137 Kochi, 147, 151, 158, 159, 160 Jiangxi, 137 Koda, Yoji, Vice Admiral, 201 Jiang Zemin, 70, 302n100 Kohli, S.N., Admiral, 33n73 Jinan, 137 Kolkata, 147, 151, 162 Jinmen, 48, 66, 184, 207n25 Kollam, 155, 157 Johor, 292–93 Konkan, 159 Joint Marine Seismic Undertaking Korea, 12, 111, 267. See also (JMSU), 286 North Korea; South Korea Jones Act, 28 Korean War, 49, 89, 190 Kosovo, 207n19, 216 K Kota Kinabalu, 293 Kalimantan, 56 Kottapuram, 157 Kambujadesa, 259 Krishna River, 157 Kandla, 151 Kuala Lumpur, 203 Kanpur, 242 Kublai Khan, 12, 256 Kanyakumari, 155 Kunming, 271 Karachi, 151, 187, 192, 202 Kurile Islands, 72 Karakoram Highway, 271 Kuwait, 26, 198 Karnataka, 153, 158, 160 Kyushu, 188 Kashmir, 109, 282, 300n72, 303n112 L Kautilya, 180, 216, 263, 265–66, Lakshadweep Islands, 56, 57, 93, 311 105, 107, 150, 159 Kearsley, H.J., 33n83 Lal Bahadur Shastri College of Keating, Timothy, Admiral, 191, Advanced Maritime Studies 290 and Research, 161

10AsianTimeIndex.indd 348 12/30/10 10:33:22 AM Index 349

Langkawi, 159 Mahan, Alfred Thayer, 8–10, 13, Langkawi International Maritime 16, 28–29, 33n73, 37 and Aerospace Exhibition Maharashtra, 153 (LIMA), 194 Maipe, 160 Lanzhou, 137 Makassar Strait, 55, 56, 57 Latin America, 83, 130, 133, 134, Malabar Coast, 159, 258 187 Malabar naval exercises, 199, Law of the Sea Convention, 18, 200–1, 204–5, 236, 283 40–43, 49, 53, 54, 141 Malacca, 3, 267 Lebanon, 207n19 Malacca Straits. See Straits of Lee Boon Yang, 293 Malacca Lee Teng-Hui, 184 Malay Peninsula, 259, 260, 261 Liberation Army Daily, 225 Malaysia Liberia, 207n19 in Asia-Pacific region, 58 Libicki, Martin, 229 Five Power Defence Libya, 22 Arrangements, 292–93 Ligor, 259 Malacca Strait patrols, 39, 292 Lirquen, 134 maritime geography, 56 Liu Huaqing, 15, 72, 77 navy, 215, 293, 294 Liu Kui-li, 83 relations with China, 187, 276 Lockheed Martin, 243 relations with India, 198 , 55, 56, 57, 59, relations with the United States, 287, 291 291 London Naval treaties, 13 Tamil merchants in, 258 Lothal, 256 territorial claims, 51, 52, 82, L&T Pipavav Shipyard, 148, 183, 286, 295 149 tourism, 159 LTTE (Tamil Tigers), 201, 2004 tsunami, 197 213n104 Maldives, 43, 197, 198, 201, Luanshan, 84, 87 211n84 Luttwak, Edward, 177 Malta, 41 Luzon, 192 Malthus, Thomas Robert, 45 Manama, 39 M mandala, 263, 264–67, 278–84, Macao, 3 311 Mackinder, Sir Halford John, 37 Manila, 273 Madagascar, 198 Manila Declaration on the South Madhvendra Singh, Admiral, China Sea, 185–86 119n137 Manmohan Singh, 91, 108, Madras, 151 122n197

10AsianTimeIndex.indd 349 12/30/10 10:33:22 AM 350 Index

Manzanillo, 134 Mauritius, 198 Mao Zedong, 70, 71, 72, 73, Mauryan empire, 15, 257, 258 112nn18–19, 302n103 Mazagon Dockyard Limited Maputo, 280 (MDL), 100, 101, 102, 147, Mariana Islands, 72 148 marine exploration, 42–43, 46, Mediterranean, 1–2, 15–16, 91, 141, 142, 154–55 251, 252, 277, 308 marine resources Megasthenes, 257 in Chinese economic policy, Mehta, Sureesh, Admiral, 243 140–42 Meiji Restoration, 12 economic role, 125 Mekong Ganga Cooperation EEZs and, 44–47 (MGC), 281 in Indian economic policy, Melaka, 3, 267 154–56 merchant shipping marine tourism, 137–40, 158–60 role in China's economy, 129–31 Maritime Engineering and role in India's economy, 149–51, Research Institutes, 162 164 maritime power role of geography, 37, 38 calculations of, 19–20, 20–23 seafaring labour, 144, 161, 162 concepts, 4–17, 27 threat of piracy, 37, 40 economic dimension, 124–26 Mexico, 134, 187, 277 foreign policy and, 175–80 Middle East, 83, 129, 153, 160, role of geography in, 35–37 255, 270 role of technology, 23, 124–25, Military Maritime Consultative 215–44 Agreement (MMCA), 189, Maritime Safety Agency (MSA), 190, 209n52 80, 144 Military Sealift Command (MSC), Maritime Security Program, 28 28 Marmugao Port, 151 Ming Dynasty MASES (China Marine & Seamen influence on present, 268 Service Corp.), 143–44 Japanese attempt to conquer, MASSA (Maritime Association of 111n1 Shipowners Shipmanagers and maritime power, 14, 70, 262 Agents), 162 trade policies, 256 Master Hsun, 263 Zheng He's voyages, 176, 270 Master Huai Nan, 263 Minicoy Islands, 57 Master Kuan, 263 Ministry of Communication Master Mo, 263 (China), 143 Mataram, 261 Ministry of Defence (DoD) Matsu, 48, 184, 207n25 (India), 147, 200

10AsianTimeIndex.indd 350 12/30/10 10:33:22 AM Index 351

Ministry of External Affairs Indian Navy and, 198, 289 (India), 199, 227 maritime geography, 56, 57 Ministry of Foreign Trade and navy, 288 Economic Cooperation relations with China, 109, 231, (MOFTEC) (China), 144 271, 277, 279 Ministry of Railways (India), 146 Ministry of Shipping (India), 145, N 162 Nakhon Si Thammarat, 258 Ministry of Surface Transport Nalanda, 260 (MoST) (India), 147 Nandas, 265 Ministry of Tourism (India), 160 Napoleon I, Emperor of the Minjiang, 136 French, 35 Minoan civilization, 2 Napoleonic wars, 3–4 Mischief Reef, 183, 233 Narayanan, K.R., 279, 302n100 Mogadishu, 197 Naresvara, 267 Mogul empire, 257 National Democratic Alliance Moluccas, 260 (NDA), 91 Money Island, 51 National High Technology Mongolia, 12 Research and Development monsoons, 258, 260 Programme (China), 230 Morsky Sbornik, 11 National Highway Authority of Mountbatten, Louis (1st Earl India (NHAI), 146 Mountbatten of Burma), 90 National Inland Navigation Mozambique, 198, 280 Institute (NINI) (India), Mukherjee, Pranab, 91, 122n197, 157 204, 205 National Institute of Mullen, Mike, Admiral, 204 Oceanography (NIO) (India), Mumbai 154, 155 Chinese naval visit, 191 National Institute of Port Indian Navy fleet, 202 Management (NIPM) (India), inland waterways, 157 162 maritime training institutes, National Institute of Water Sports 161, 162, 239 (NIWS) (India), 160 port and shipyards, 147, 151 National Maritime Development Musharraf, Pervez, 84 Programme (NMDP) (India), Musi River, 260 145, 150–51 MV Alondra Rainbow, 203 National Maritime Policy (NMP) MV Limburg, 254 (India), 145, 150 Myanmar National Metallurgical Laboratory Cyclone Nargis, 197, 289 (India), 155

10AsianTimeIndex.indd 351 12/30/10 10:33:22 AM 352 Index

National Security Council (India), negara, 266–67, 311 227 Nehru, Jawaharlal, 17, 90 National Ship Design Research Netherlands, 3, 12, 111n2, 257, Centre (NSDRC) (India), 308 147 Network Centric Operations NATO (North Atlantic Treaty (NCO), 236 Organization), 26, 200, network-centric warfare (NCW), 248n72, 277 221, 225, 234, 235–36 Natuna Islands, 55 New Delhi, 198, 212n93, 238, Natwar Singh, 204 280 Naval Institute of Computer New Mangalore, 151 Applications (NICA), 239 New Mumbai, 161 Naval Physical Oceanographic New Zealand, 286, 292 Laboratory (NPOL), 101 NIC (National Infomatics Centre) naval power (India), 227 air forces and, 25, 26–27, 28, 82 ancient name, 259 force structuring, 68–70 in Indian geography, 56, 57, foreign policy dimensions, 204 177–81, 195 Indian Navy and, 93, 105 humanitarian role, 44, 181 in India-Pakistan war, 66, 202 land warfare and, 1, 7–8 MILAN meetings, 198 maritime community and, 25 offshore oil, 155 and maritime power, 4, 19, 20, regional shipping, 150 22–23, 23–24, 27 strategic importance, 107–8, new security environment and, 159 18, 59 tourism, 158, 159 nuclear capabilities, 24 2004 tsunami, 211n84 piracy and, 1 Ningbo Port, 133 role of geography in, 36, 38 Northeast Asia Cooperation sea-space-shore (S3) continuum, Dialogue (NEACD), 182 66, 67 Northern Wars, 10 security of trade routes and, 66 North Korea, 187, 273, 275 technological innovation and, Norway, 144 5, 18 nuclear weapons theories of, 7–17 Britain and France, 67, 96, 293 Navy Enterprise Wide Network China, 15, 73–74, 86, 96 (NEWN), 238 as deterrent, 24, 66, 67 Nearchos, Admiral, 2 development, 219 Needham, Joseph, 48 possessed by India, 95–97

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Russia, 286, 293 satellite communications, 231, United States, 96, 286, 293 232, 233 seabed and other exploration, O 141, 142 Ocean Agenda 21 (China), 126 strategic importance, 39, 93, Oc Eo, 260 203, 278 Oil and Natural Gas Corporation territorial disputes in, 42 (ONGC), 122n193, 148, U.S. territories, 276 149, 155, 156 during World War II, 14 Oil India, 155 Pakistan. See also China-Pakistan Okinawa islands, 55, 185 relations; India-Pakistan Okinawa Treaty, 53 relations Okinotorishima, 42 maritime geography, 56 Oman, 39, 198, 200 navy, 165n21 Ombai Wetter Strait, 55 nuclear capabilities, 279, 286 ONGC Videsh Limited (OVL), relations with China, 193 156 relations with the United States, Operation Cactus, 201 303n112 Operation Desert Shield/Desert ship recycling industry, 160 Storm, 26–27, 28, 220, 225 territorial claims, 54 Operation Enduring Freedom Pakistan Navy, 90 (OEF), 220, 225, 274 Palau Islands, 72 Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF), Palawan Islands, 55 27–28, 220, 225 Palembang, 255, 260 Operation Pawan, 201 Palk Bay, 54, 213n104 Operation Restore Hope, 197 Palk Strait, 54 Operation Sagittarius, 203 Panama, 22 Operation Unified Assistance, 282 Panama Canal, 10, 277 Opium Wars, 14, 110n1 Panama Ports Company, 134 Orissa, 153, 155 Panikkar, K.M., 7, 18 Oshima, 148 Panjim, 160 Owens, William, 229 Paracel Islands Chinese military installations, P 52, 77, 82, 233 Pacific Ocean disputes over, 51, 183–84, Chinese presence, 277 276 Indian navy and, 16 location, 55, 57 links to Atlantic and Indian Paradeep, 151 oceans, 57 Parameters, 226 mineral resources, 46 Pardo, Arvid, 41

10AsianTimeIndex.indd 353 12/30/10 10:33:23 AM 354 Index

Partnerships in Environmental Philippines Management for the Seas of fishing industry, 152 East Asia (PEMSEA), 139 maritime geography, 22, 41, 72 Patani, 260 military inventory, 83 Patna, 157 relations with China, 81, 183, Pattle Island, 51 187, 233, 276, 293 Pearl Harbor, 14 relations with the United States, Pearl River, 136, 137 274, 291, 292 Pearl River Delta, 134, 137 seafaring workforce, 142 Pentagon, 245n8 sea lanes to, 56 People's Armed Police (PAP), 80 territorial claims, 51, 52, 81, 82, Perry, Matthew C., Commodore, 183, 286, 295 12 Phoenicians, 2, 257 Persia, 2, 15, 251, 252, 255, 257, Phuket, 159 259 Pierce, Franklin, 12 Persian Gulf. See also Gulf War, piracy First (1990–91); Gulf War, Chinese efforts against, 192–93 Second (2003-) in historical times, 258 ancient links with China, 255, incidents, 203 256 international agreement to fight, China's energy supplies, 84, 194, 277, 281, 287 130, 270 interstate tensions and, 178, 254 Indian naval deployments in, naval buildups to fight, 1, 3, 92 98 threat to merchant shipping, 37, India's strategic interests in, 91, 40 194, 280 Piracy Reporting Centre, 203 Japanese presence, 272 PLA (People's Liberation Army) as part of Indian Ocean, 56 in China's rise, 268 Royal Indian Marine and, 16 computer hacking activities, source of oil, 57, 59, 83, 203, 226–27 291 diplomatic role, 181 U.S. military presence, 39, 40 India and, 109, 122n197, 271 wars, 26–27 posture towards Taiwan, 207n26 Yinhe incident, 188 Russian military hardware and, Peru, 134, 187 192 Peter the Great, 10 PLA Academy of Electronic PetroVietnam, 286 Technology, 226 Philippine National Oil Co.- PLA Air Force, 208n26 Exploration Corp. (PNOC- PLA Naval Air Force (PLANAF), EC), 286 77

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PLA Navy Portugal, 3, 12, 65, 111n2, 151, China's space programme and, 257, 308 232 Powell, Colin, 204 deficiencies, 77–78, 87–88, 193, Proliferation Security Initiative 275 (PSI), 204 development, 65–68, 70–73, Prueher, Joseph, Admiral, 189 110 Ptolemy, 258 diplomacy, 181–94, 272, 309 Punic Wars, 2 force structure and inventory, Punjab, 265 72–81, 294, 300n69 joint exercises, 269 Q leadership, 15, 112n19 Qatar, 198 nuclear submarines, 15, 73–74, Qiantang, 136 276 Qin Gang, 273 Pakistan and Myanmar and, Qingdao, 84, 139 271, 277, 288 Qingdao Port, 133 role and mission, 81–87, Qing Dynasty, 111n1 184–85, 208n26 Qinhuangdao Port, 133 size, 68 Quanzhou, 259 technological warfare Quemoy, 48, 66, 184, 207n25 capabilities, 86, 222, Quilon, 155, 157 225–30, 310 PLOTE (People's Liberation R Organization of Tamil Rafael Advanced Defence Systems Eelam), 201 Limited, 242 Poland, 105 Rajabagan Dockyard Central Pondicherry, 111n2, 153 Inland Water Transport Port Blair, 198 Corporation, 147 ports Rajaraja I, 258 in China, 131–34 Rajasthan, 155 climate change and, 43 Rajendra Choladeva I, 175, 252, in India, 146, 151–52, 164 259 in Pakistan and Myanmar, 84, Rambilli, 289, 290 271, 277, 280 Ramta, 106 role in globalization, 5 Rann of Kutch, 156 role in maritime power, 10, Red Sea, 56, 93, 277 124 Regional Cooperation Agreement on technology and, 5–6 Combating Piracy and Armed warm water, 10, 36 Robbery Against Ships in Asia Port Said, 277 (ReCAAP), 194, 277, 281, 287

10AsianTimeIndex.indd 355 12/30/10 10:33:23 AM 356 Index

Ren-Song, Emperor, 14 Sacotra, 3 Republic of Singapore Navy, 200, Sadiya, 157 215, 238, 274, 281, 288, 294 Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), Rig-veda, 257 205 RIMPAC (Rim of the Pacific) San Diego, 187 exercises, 269 San Francisco Treaty, 52 Robert Island, 51 Sanya, 139, 282, 289, 291, 293 Rocky Island, 233 Sarawak, 293 Rojdestvensky, Zinovy, Admiral, 11 Satavahnas, 15 Roman empire, 2–3, 175, 257, Sato Tetsutaro, 13 258, 297n28, 308 Satyam Technologies, 242 Rotterdam, 133 Saudi Arabia, 26 Rowen, Henry, 212n93 Scarborough Shoal, 183 Royal Air Force, 8, 25 Science of Military Strategy, 226 Royal Indian Marine (RIM), 16 seafaring labour, 124, 142–45, Royal Indian Navy, 90 161, 162 Royal Malaysian Air Force, 82 sea power, 4, 8–10, 16–17, 19–20 Russia. See also China-Russia Sea Power of the State, 11 relations; India-Russia relations Seleucus, 265 in Asia-Pacific region, 58 Senkaku Islands, 52–53, 55, 81, defence industry, 216, 231, 294 142, 185, 191, 272 fishing industry, 135 Seychelles, 198 geographical constraints, 36 Shalimar Works Ltd., 147 history of maritime thought, Shandong Peninsula, 49, 269 10–12 Shandong province, 84, 129 international maritime Shanghai, 79, 133, 137, 138, 140, agreements and, 49 191, 233 military literature, 226 Shanghai Cooperation naval power, 10–11, 22–23, 67, Organization (SCO), 182, 75, 96 192, 269, 274 navy, 186, 269 Shanghai Maritime University, nuclear power, 286, 293 144 relations with Japan, 10–11, 13 Shangri-La Dialogue, 194, 287 Russian Navy, 79, 200 Shen Weiguang, 225 Russo-Japanese war, 13 Shenzhen, 139 Ryukyu Islands, 52, 53, 72 Shenzhen Dapeng Bay Yantian Port, 133 S shih, 263, 267–68, 277–78 Sabah, 56, 293 Shi Lang, Admiral, 78 Sachana, 160 Shimoneasky Treaty, 53

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shipbuilding South China Sea in China, 75, 78, 127–29 in Chinese geography, 55 historical developments in, 219 Chinese military installations, 52, in India, 146–49 77, 82, 186, 231, 233, 290 in Japan, 12, 13–14 Chinese strategic interests in, 50, role in sea power, 12, 19 142, 176, 191, 233, 276 Shipping Corporation of India, Declaration on the Conduct of 145, 151, 162 Parties, 184, 286 Shirakaba gas field, 185 hydrocarbon reserves, 142, 291 Shi Yunsheng, Admiral, 77 India and, 57, 91, 93, 203, 282, Sichuan, 137, 232 310 Sikkim, 271 nuclear submarines in, 293 Silk Route, 252 piracy in, 192 Sindh, 265 territorial disputes in, 51–53, Singapore. See also Republic of 81–82, 182, 291, 295 Singapore Navy Southeast Asia anti-piracy body, 287 ancient links with China, 253, Five Power Defence 254–56, 262 Arrangements, 292–93 ancient maritime powers, 1, geographical and geopolitical 15, 48, 175–76, 251–54, location, 56, 58 259–62 Malacca Strait patrols, 39, 292 arms race, 292 port, 133 China-India relations and, relations with China, 288 285–96 relations with India, 194, 198, 200 colonial period, 16 relations with the United States, imports of Indian fish, 153 274, 291, 292 military cooperation within, 181 shipping industry, 144 relations with India, 253, 281, Sino-Japanese war, 13, 53 284 Smith, Vincent, 258 sea lanes in, 37, 59, 107 Society for International source of oil, 130 Information Technologies, source of raw materials, 83, 270 226 strategic importance, 39, 91 Soekarno, 202 theories of statecraft, 263, Somalia, 37, 197 266–67 Song Dynasty, 14, 70, 255 tourism, 160 South Africa, 187, 198, 200, 280 Zheng He's voyages, 256 South Asia Association for Southeast Asia Nuclear Weapons Regional Cooperation Free Zone (SEANWFZ), 281, (SAARC), 194, 201 285, 286, 293, 295

10AsianTimeIndex.indd 357 12/30/10 10:33:24 AM 358 Index

South Georgia, 24 historical links, 258, 261 South Korea maritime jurisdiction, 39, 54, 56 anti-piracy agreement, 287 relations with China, 187 in ASEAN Plus Three, 286 relations with India, 198, 200, in Asia-Pacific region, 58 201 fishing industry, 152 2004 tsunami, 197, 211n84 naval power, 71, 77, 215 Sri Lankan Navy, 106 relations with the United States, Srivijaya, 3, 47, 175–76, 255, 256, 40, 274, 291 258–62, 267 shipbuilding industry, 127, 128, State Oceanic Administration 163 (SOA), 127 shipping industry, 144 St. Helena, 25 Southwest Asia, 16 Straits Exchange Foundation Soviet Navy, 11, 75 (SEF), 184, 185 Soviet Union. See also Russia Straits of Bab-al-Mandeb, 84, 93 Cold War strategies, 67, 188, Straits of Hormuz 201 China's energy supplies and, 84, India and, 96, 103, 105, 295, 277 303n112 critical importance, 39, 57, 59, military hardware, 216, 225 107 role in China's nuclear India's strategic interest in, 93, programme, 73 280 Space Tracking and Control Straits of Malacca Station, 231 in ancient times, 252, 255, 260 Spain, 186, 257, 308 ASEAN states and, 287 Spanish Armada, 7 geography, 55, 261 Spratly Islands Japanese presence, 272 bases of claims, 52 joint patrols and exercises, 39, China and, 81, 83, 183–84, 176, 281, 292 185, 233, 276, 286–87 level of traffic, 294 claimant countries, 51 nuclear submarines and, 293 Five Power Defence Agreement piracy, 193, 203 and, 293 strategic importance to China, location, 55, 56, 57 59, 83–84, 271, 276–77, military installations on, 82, 233 290, 291 Spring and Autumn of Master Lu, strategic importance to India, 263 57, 91, 93, 107, 203–4 Sriharikota, 239 Strategic Defence Review (SDR), Sri Lanka 195 anti-piracy agreement, 287 Strategy Research Centre, 226

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Sudan, 2, 198, 207n19 tsunami relief, 211n73 Suez Canal, 3, 57, 277 U.S. support for, 48, 66, Sulawesi, 56 188–89, 274–75 Sumatra, 57, 204, 255, 258, 259, Taiwan Strait crises, 66, 85, 260, 261 184–85, 189 Sundarbans, 157 Taiwan Straits, 55, 84–85, 184, , 55–56, 57, 59, 260, 185, 275 287, 291 Takuapa, 259 Sung Dynasty, 255, 256, 259, 270, Talbott, Strobe, 304n116 297n15 Talpatti Island, 44 Sun Shihai, 273 Tamil merchants, 258 Sun Tzu, 180, 216, 226, 263, 265, Tamil Nadu, 153, 155, 160, 162, 277, 311 211n84 Sun Yat-sen, 14, 48 Tang Dynasty, 255 Supreme Court of India, 153, 161 Tang Jiaxuan, 279 Su Zhiqian, Rear Admiral, 186 Tanjavur, 259 Sweden, 294 Tanzania, 187, 197, 198 Syria, 273 Tarawa, 231 Tata Consultancy Services, 242 T Taylor, James F., Admiral, 27 Tadri, 160 Ten Degree Channel, 57 Taipei, 207n26 terrorism, 37, 40, 92, 178, 254 Taiwan. See also China-Taiwan Thailand relations in Asia-Pacific region, 58 air and naval power, 71, 83, 85, fishing industry, 152 112n20, 190, 291 maritime geography, 56, 57 in Asia-Pacific region, 58 navy, 215, 294 computer hacking incidents, 226 relations with China, 165n21, fishing industry, 135 187 geographical location, 55, 72 relations with India, 198, 200 the Internet and, 224 relations with the United States, Japan and, 272 274, 292 law on maritime rights and Tamil merchants in, 258 jurisdiction, 50 tourism, 159 Manchu conquest, 78 2004 tsunami, 197 military spending, 87, 190 Theatre Missile Defence (TMD), shipping industry, 144 272 Singapore and, 288 1000 Ship Navy (TSN), 204 territorial claims, 51, 52, 53, Three Gorges Dam, 137 183, 286, 295 Tiananmen Square incident, 224

10AsianTimeIndex.indd 359 12/30/10 10:33:24 AM 360 Index

Tibet, 271 United Nations (UN) Toffler, Alvin, 229 ASEAN Regional Forum and, Tokugawa Shogunate, 12–13 286 Tolani, 162 China and, 49 Torres Strait, 55 humanitarian operations in Trafalgar, Battle of, 3 Somalia, 197 Training Ship Chanakya, 161 peacekeeping operations, 176, Trang, 259 182, 195, 207n17 Treaty for Good Neighbourliness, sanctions against Iraq, 26 Friendship and Cooperation, seabed exploitation regime, 49, 269 141 Treaty of Amity and Commerce U.S.-led war on terror and, 274 (TAC), 12, 281, 285, 286 United Nations Food and Trincomalee, 212n84 Agriculture Organization Tristan da Cunha, 25 (FAO), 45 Tsushima, Battle of, 11, 13 United States. See also China- Turkey, 41 United States relations; Gulf Tuticorin, 151, 160 War, First (1990–91); Gulf War, Second (2003-); India- U United States relations Udaipur, 155 in Asia-Pacific region, 58, 64n83 Ukraine, 100 Chinese computer hackers and, UNCLOS (UN Convention on 226 the Law of the Sea) III Cold War strategies, 67, 188, China and, 49, 50 201, 303n112 effect on interstate relations, 58, defence industry, 216 177–78 energy supply routes, 277 effect on naval diplomacy, history of maritime thought, 196–97 8–10 Exclusive Economic Zones, 5, humanitarian missions, 197, 29, 47, 52, 196–97 282, 289 framework, 40–43 information technology in, 224 India and, 54, 194 international agreements and, UN Department of Peacekeeping 41, 49 Operations, 182 Japan and, 12, 13–14 UNEP (United Nations maritime power, 4, 22, 188, 253 Environment Programme), maritime strategy, 178–79 139 military engagements, 26–28 United Arab Emirates, 198 military exchanges, 181, 198, United Kingdom. See Britain 199, 200–1

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nuclear capabilities, 96, 286, Uttar Pradesh, 157 293 port infrastructure, 133 V post-Cold War hegemony, 269, Vajpayee, Atal Bihari, 91 274 Valinokan, 160 relations with Japan, 188, Valparaiso, 134 272–73, 274 Varun Shipping, 151 South China Sea disputes and, Venezuela, 41, 134 51 Veracruz, 134 space programme, 232 Very Large Crude Carriers strategic interests, 39, 40 (VLCCs), 56, 78, 160, UNCLOS III and, 43 165n13 War on Terror, 216, 272 Vietnam Univan, 162 in Asia-Pacific region, 58 Unrestricted Warfare, 226 fishing industry, 152 UN Seabed Committee, 49 military inventory, 82–83, 294 UPA (United Progressive Alliance), relations with China, 182, 276 91 relations with India, 288 Uruguay Navy, 25 sea lanes, 56 U.S. Air Force, 26 territorial claims, 51, 52, 81, U.S. Marine Corps, 26 183, 286, 295 U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings, Vietnam People's Air Force, 82–83 226 Vietnam War, 27 U.S. Navy Vishakhapatnam, 147, 160, 162, aircraft under development, 243 202, 290 in China-Taiwan relations, 48 Voluntary Intermodal Sealift in Gulf wars, 28 Arrangments (VISA), 28 Indian Navy and, 199, 204–5, Voroshilov Naval Institute, 15 236, 238 Vriksha-Ayurveda, 257 joint exercises, 199, 200–1, V Ships, 162 204–5, 236, 274, 275 PLA Navy and, 75, 176, 188 W technological warfare and, 71, Wallem, 162 221, 233 Wang Lingyun, 224 U.S. Ready Reserve Force (RRF), Wang Zhiyuan, Lieutenant 28 General, 78 USS Cole, 254 Weapons and Electronic System USS Kitty Hawk, 188, 189–90, Engineering Establishment 275 (WESEE), 242 USS Reuben James, 190 Wen Jiabao, 90

10AsianTimeIndex.indd 361 12/30/10 10:33:25 AM 362 Index

West Asia Maritime, 151 Yao Zhilou, Rear Admiral, 77 West Bengal, 147, 153, 157 Yasukuni Shrine, 272 Western Pacific Naval Symposium Yellow River, 137 (WPNS), 194 Yellow Sea, 51, 55, 111n1, 137, West River, 137 139, 188 Who is the Next Target?, 229 Yinhe, 188 Who Will Feed China: A Wake Up Yokosuka naval base, 188 Call for a Small Planet, 134 Yongle Emperor, 256 Who Will Win the Next War?, 229 Yuan Dynasty, 259 Wolters, O.W., 267, 285 Yu Guoquan, 228 Woody Island, 52, 83, 233, 292 Yuktikalpataru, 257 World Bank, 132, 136 Yulin naval base, 282, 289–91, World Expo 2010, 140 293 World Tourism Organization, 138 Yunnan, 137, 271 World War I, 4, 11 Yusuf, Ismail, 161 World War II, 4, 11, 14, 25, 52, 97 Z World Watch Institute, 134 Zhang Lianzhong, Admiral, 74 Worli, 161 Zhang Xiangmu, 128 Wu Bangguo, 84 Zhang Yan, Rear Admiral, 192 Zhang Zhao Zhong, 229–30 X Zhanjiang Port, 133 Xiamen, 134, 139 Zhao Nanqi, General, 271 Xian, 138 Zhejiang province, 84, 129 Xichang Launch Facility, 232 Zheng He, 3, 51, 252, 256, 268, Xijiang, 137 270 Xinjiang, 271 Zhengzhou, 137 Xu Qi, Captain, 206n6 Zhenhai, 84, 87 Zhou Enlai, 232, 302n103 Y Zhoushan Island, 84 Yalong Bay, 139 Zhoushan Port, 133 Yalu River, 49, 111n1 Zhu Yuanzang, 256 Yangshan Port, 133 Zimmer, Heinrich, 265 Yangtze River, 136, 137 Zone of Peace, Freedom and Yangtze River Delta, 134 Neutrality (ZOPFAN), 285

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