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European Initiatives Program Soros Foundation – Moldova FROM View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Policy Documentation Center FROM EUMAP IMPLEMENTATION TO POL IC Y MAKING 1 European Initiatives Program Soros Foundation – Moldova FROM EUMAP IMPLEMENTATION TO POLICY MAKING CARTIER 2 FROM EUMAP IMPLEMENTATION TO POL IC Y MAKING CARTIER® Editura Cartier, SRL, str. București, nr. 68, Chișinău, MD2012. Tel./fax: 24 05 87, tel.: 24 01 95. E-mail: [email protected] Editura Codex 2000, SRL, Strada Toamnei, nr. 24, sectorul 2, București. Tel./fax: 210 80 51. E-mail: [email protected] Difuzare: București: Strada Toamnei, nr. 24, sectorul 2. Tel./fax: 210 80 51. E-mail: [email protected] Chișinău: bd. Mircea cel Bătrân, nr. 9, sectorul Ciocana. Tel.: 34 64 61. Cărţile CARTIER pot fi procurate în toate librăriile bune din România și Republica Moldova. LIBRĂRIILE CARTIER Casa Cărţii, bd. Mircea cel Bătrân, nr. 9, Chișinău. Tel.: 34 64 61. Librăria din Hol, str. București, nr. 68, Chișinău. Tel./fax: 24 10 00. Librăria Vărul Shakespeare, str. Șciusev, nr. 113, Chișinău. Tel.: 23 21 22. The current volume is based upon the individual reports written by the following experts: Ghenadie Astrahan, Veaceslav Balan, Natalia Catrinescu, Ion Coşuleanu, Ana Cuşnir, Vladimir Garaba, Valeriu Gheorghiu, Eugen Goloşceapov, Iurie Gotişan, Vladislav Gribincea, Laurenţiu Hadârcă, Lilia Ioniţă, Olimpia Iovu, Natalia Mardari, Lilia Mărgineanu, Viorel Miron, George Mocanu, Victor Moraru, Oazu Nantoi, Ion Osoian, Constantin Pârţac, Olivia Pârţac, Sergiu Stratulat, Doina Străisteanu, Ştefan Tiron, Veaceslav Ţurcan. The complete individual reports can be accessed at “Euro- forum” section of www.europa.md. Editor: Gheorghe Erizanu Traducere: Iulian Robu Lector: Patricia Fogarty Design & tehnoredactare: Vasile Ţugui Prepress: Editura Cartier Tipar: Bons Offices (nr. 342) Iulian Fruntaşu, Olesea Kovali (coord.) FROM EUMAP IMPLEMENTATION TO THE POLICY MAKING Ediţia I, octombrie 2006 © 2006, Iulian Fruntaşu, Olesea Kovali (coord.), pentru prezenta ediţie. Această ediţie a apărut în 2006 la Editura Cartier. Toate drepturile rezervate. Cărţile Cartier sunt disponibile în limita stocului și a bunului de difuzare. Descrierea CIP a Camerei Naţionale a Cărţii From EUMAP implementation to the policy making / coord. Iulian Fruntaşu; cop. : Vitalie Coroban. – Ch.: Cartier, 2006 (Tipogr. “Bons Offices”). – 132 p. ISBN 978-9975-79-411-4 200 ex. 316.42 F92 ISBN 978-9975-79-411-4 FROM EUMAP IMPLEMENTATION TO POL IC Y MAKING 3 Content List of acronyms .....................................................................................................4 Introduction ...........................................................................................................7 I. POLITICAL DIALOGUE .......................................................................................................9 II. THE TRANSNISTRIAN ISSUE ........................................................................................15 III. PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REFORM .......................................................................25 IV. SOCIO-ECONOMICAL DEVELOPMENT AND REFORM .....................................33 V. TRADE LAWS AND REGULATORY REFORM ...........................................................41 VI. THE FINANCIAL AND BANKING SYSTEMS. FINANCIAL CONTROL. AUDIT ................................................................................ 48 VII. INDEPENDENCE OF JUSTICE, ORGANIZATION OF THE JUDICIARY ........ 54 VIII. MONITORING THE PENITENTIARY SYSTEM ...................................................61 IX. INTERNATIONAL PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS .....................................65 X. ORGANIZED CRIME, TRANSBORDER CRIME AND POLICE MANAGEMENT .......................................................................................75 XI. MIGRATION (ILLEGAL, LEGAL, READMISSION, VISAS, ASYLUM) .............. 80 XII. BROADCASTING .............................................................................................................87 XIII. MEDIA ..............................................................................................................................92 XIV. HEALTHCARE AND SOCIAL PROTECTION ....................................................... 96 XV. EDUCATION, YOUTH AND TRAINING ................................................................102 XVI. INFORMATION SOCIETY .........................................................................................108 XVII. ENVIRONMENT .........................................................................................................115 XVIII. TRANSPORT ..............................................................................................................121 XIX. TOURISM ...................................................................................................................... 127 4 FROM EUMAP IMPLEMENTATION TO POL IC Y MAKING LIST OF ACRONYMS AP – Action Plan BCC – Broadcasting Coordination Council CA – Court of Accounts CC – Criminal Code CFECC – Centre for Fighting Economic Crimes and Corruption CDF – Chief Directorate for Refugees CIS – Commonwealth of Independent States CLRACE – Congress of Local and Regional Authorities of the Council of Europe CPC – Criminal Procedure Code CPT – Council of Europe Committee for the Prevention of Torture EAS – European Administrative Space EC – European Commission ECHR – European Court for Human Rights ECMT – European Conference of Ministers of Transport ECTS – European Credit Transfer System EGPRSP – Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper ENP – European Neighbourhood Policy EUMAP – EU-Moldova Action Plan EUROSAI – European Supreme Audit Institutions FDI – Foreign Direct Investments GD – Government Decision GDP – Gross Domestic Product GPO – General Prosecutor’s Office GSP – Generalized System of Preferences IMF – International Monetary Fund INTOSAI – International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions IOM – International Organization for Migration LPA – Local Public Administration MCT – Ministry of Culture and Tourism MENR – Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources MET – Ministry of Economy and Trade MEY – Ministry of Education and Youth MF – Ministry of Finance MFAEI – Ministry of Foreign Affairs and European Integration FROM EUMAP IMPLEMENTATION TO POL IC Y MAKING 5 MHSP – Ministry of Health and Social Protection MIA – Ministry of Internal Affairs MID – Ministry of Information Development MJ – Ministry of Justice MLPA – Ministry of Local Public Administration MO – Monitorul Oficial (Moldova’s Official Journal) MR – Moldovan Railroads MTC – Ministry of Transport and Communications NAER – National Agency for Energy Regulation NARTI – National Agency for Regulation in Telecommunications and Informatics NBM – National Bank of Moldova NCCHT – National Committee for Combating Human Trafficking NCPA – National Competition Protection Agency NHIC – National Health Insurance Company NHRAP – National Human Rights Action Plan NMB – National Migration Bureau NPAPI – National Program for Action Plan Implementation NSB – National Statistics Bureau NSIA – National Social Insurance Agency OSCE – Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe PACE – Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe PCA – Partnership and Cooperation Agreement PMU – Project Management Unit PTDI – Pre-Trial Detention Institution SAIP – State Agency for Intellectual Property SCJ – Supreme Court of Justice SCM – Supreme Council of Magistrates SEI – State Environmental Inspectorate UNDP – United Nations Development Program UNO – United Nations Organization WB – World Bank WHO – World Health Organization WTO – World Trade Organization 6 FROM EUMAP IMPLEMENTATION TO POL IC Y MAKING FROM EUMAP IMPLEMENTATION TO POL IC Y MAKING 7 Introduction The EUMAP is doubtless a document which carries major relevance for both Moldovan society and Moldova’s relations with the European Union. However, under the influence of a Soviet, paternalistic heritage, political decision-makers tend to approach the implementation at the EUMAP in a rather superfluous man- ner, focusing on reporting and without genuine involvement in the country’s de- mocratic and economic transformations. Therefore, the tasks of the nongovernmental, civil and academic communities are to support the process of European Integration by encouraging a shift from what seems to be an opportunist choice towards Europe to a genuine movement shared by the whole society. In this respect, the European Initiatives Program of the Soros-Moldova Foun- dation has set up—in line with its objectives to promote democratization and the values of an open society—the “Euroforum”, which is a flexible framework for consultation, monitoring and expertise. “Euroforum’s” first project is this Re- port, which is based on individual reports (see “Euroforum” at www.europa.md) contracted from independent experts in various fields, for whose professionalism in carrying out this duty we express our outmost appreciation. The individual reports have been edited in order to reduce the length of the final Report, homoge- nize the style of the writing and grant to the Report a stronger conceptual base in terms of policy development under the EUMAP and Moldova’s future integration into the European Union. This report tries to contribute to the discussion on European Integration, which is a complex process since it touches on the very essence of Moldova’s mo- dernization. Although the responsibilities following from the EUMAP are obvi- ously lower than
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