HANNE DARBOVEN Metropol Kunstraum

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HANNE DARBOVEN Metropol Kunstraum HANNE DARBOVEN Metropol Kunstraum EINFÜHRUNG INTRODUCTION Bei der Lektüre des schönen, einführenden Textes While reading the beautiful introductory text by Joach- von Joachim Kaak, dem ich an dieser Stelle sehr im Kaak, whom I would like to thank here, I thought danken möchte, habe ich über meinen ersten Erwerb about my first acquisition of a work by Hanne Darbo- eines Werkes von Hanne Darboven nachgedacht. Aus ven. By a closer look a work, which was shown as a einem Werk, was in einem Auktionskatalog als Ein- single sheet in an auction catalogue, turned into a se- zelblatt abgebildet war, wurde bei näherem Hinsehen ries of 4 sheets, which varied constructions. It was only eine Serie von 4 Blättern, die Konstruktionen variier- after this spontaneous purchase that I discovered the ten. Erst nach diesem Spontankauf entdeckte ich die friendship that Darboven formed during her creative Freundschaft, die Darboven währende der Schaffen- period with Sol LeWitt, one of my „pillar saints“. The szeit mit Sol LeWitt, einem meiner „Säulenheiligen“ next deception was that I initially perceived the works verband. Die nächste Täuschung war, dass ich die as drawings inspired by the surface of skyscrapers, but Arbeiten zunächst als aus der Oberfläche der Wol- actually, on closer inspection, they formed the ground kenkratzer inspirierten Zeichnungen wahrnahm, sie plans for three-dimensional sculptures that resembled tatsächlich aber bei genauerem Hinlesen die Grund- interwoven towers. Something that becomes even cle- risse für dreidimensionale Skulpturen bildeten, die arer in the sheet on graph paper which I acquired later. ineinandergewebter Türme gleichen. Etwas, das bei At the same time, I came across working drawings that dem später erworbenen Blatt auf Millimeterpapier noch provided an insight into the construction process of the deutlicher wird. Gleichzeitig kamen mir Arbeitspapiere works. Thus I only gradually understood what I had in (working drawings) unter, die Einblick in den Konstruk- front of me and, starting from this, added works to the tionsprozess der Arbeiten gaben. So verstand ich nur collection that pointed beyond the artistic beginnings. allmählich, was ich da vor mir hatte und fügte davon Here I am still trying to understand. I hope that visi- ausgehend noch Arbeiten in die Sammlung hinzu, die tors will enjoy getting involved with Hanne Darboven‘s über die künstlerischen Anfänge hinauszeigten. Hier works. Thanks again to Zissa of L‘Estocq for the gra- bin ich noch am Verstehen. Ich hoffe, die Besucher ha- phic work on this issue. ben Freude daran, sich auf Hanne Darbovens Werke einzulassen. Für die graphische Arbeit an diesem Heft sei wieder Zissa von L’Estocq gedankt. Februar 2020 MM February 2020 MM handschriftlich – enzyklopädisch 1982 kehrte Hanne Darboven nach Venedig zurück. HANNE DARBOVEN (1941 - 2009) Ihr diesmal im Deutschen Pavillion gezeigtes Werk Schreibzeit / Weltansichten machte deutlich, Im Rückblick auf die Kunst der 1970er Jahre, der dass tatsächlich nicht nur Form, Konzepte oder Ide- 1980 die 39. Biennale di Venezia in den Giardini del en im Mittelpunkt ihres Schaffens standen, sondern Castello begleitete, zeigte Harry Szeemann auch das die Welt. Das auf 1400 Kartons zusammengefasste Werk Der Sand ’79 von Hanne Darboven. Zwischen Werk verband die formale Strenge der Konzeptkunst den Werken von Walter de Maria, Richard Long, Bruce mit der lebensweltlichen Dimension der Beschreibung Nauman, Agnes Martin, Sol Lewitt, Donald Judd und und Aneignung von Welt; eine Erfahrungsdimension vielen anderen erschienen die 456 mit kurzen Notaten mithin, die neben den vielfach eingefügten Postkarten und Schreiblininen gefüllten und einzeln gerahmten nicht zuletzt die Künstlerin selbst durch die erkennbar Blätter von strenger Konzeptualität, als konsequente handschriftlich ausgeführten Linien unter dem Titel Fortsetzung der in den U.S.A. diskutierten Dema- “Schreibzeit” einlöste. terialisation of Art, die in der Folge der Minimal Art den Künstler hinter das Objekt zurücktreten und Der von Johannes Cladders kuratierte Biennale-Bei- dieses selbst als beiläufige Materialisation grund- trag stellte damit ein künstlerisches Werk vor, das, wie legender Formstrukturen ansehen ließ. Brigid Doherty und Peter Nisbet bemerkten, aus der Während zeitgleich im Deutschen Pavillon Georg deutschen Kunst nach 1945 singulär herausragte und Baselitz und Anselm Kiefer vordergründig keine Ver- das noch 1999 bei Weitem nicht angemessen erfasst gangenheitsbewältigung betrieben – Baselitz’ grob aus oder geschätzt wurde. “Formally ambitious and histo- einem Holzblock herausgemeißeltes Modell für eine rically informed” (Doherty / Nisbet) schlug die zuvor Skulptur erhob sich dennoch gleichsam knarzend weitgehend international wahrgenommene Künstlerin und provokant zum nationalsozialistischen Wieder- eine Bücke zwischen dem analytischen Formalismus gänger, Kiefer zelebrierte im Großformat Deutsch- amerikanischer Prägung und einer spezifisch deut- lands Geisteshelden in rußgeschwärzter Walhalla schen Reflexion von Geschichte und Gegenwart als – erschien die Kunst Hanne Darbovens deutlich im Kulturgeschichte. Monumentale Werkkomplexe wie vornehmlich von amerikanischen Künstlern geführten Bismarckzeit, 1978, Für Rainer Werner Fassbin- Diskurs positioniert zu sein, der sachlich kühl die Be- der, 1983, Kulturgeschichte 1883 - 1983, 1980 dingung der Möglichkeit von Kunst im Spannungsfeld - 83, oder Requiem für M. Oppenheimer, 1985, von Form und Raum und mithin von kontextualisierter lassen dabei, um nur einige Beispiele zu nennen, nach Wahrnehmung reflektierte. Inhalt und Umfang den enzyklopädischen Anspruch erahnen, mit dem Hanne Darboven die Welt betrachte- So zeigen auch Hanne Darbovens frühe Zeichnun- te und in ihrer Kunst visualisierte. gen die eindringlichen Versuche, grundlegende visu- elle Strukturen subjektiver Expressivität zu entziehen Die Welt sammelte die Künstlerin dabei zunächst in und einer strengen Regelhaftigkeit zu unterwerfen. ihrem großräumigen Harburger Atelier als dicht ge- Zugleich werden bereits, wie etwa in dem mit staffelten Mikrokosmos von Gegenständen, dessen NYC/1966/67 bezeichneten Blatt Konstruktion / Ordnung oder Regellosigkeit sich wohl nur ihr selbst Perforation I, markante Abweichungen von dem aktu- erschloss und der Grundlage wie Ausgangspunkt ihrer ell erhobenen Anspruch deutlich, Objekt und künstle- umfassenden Arbeiten war. Blickt man aber auf die risch-individuelle Handschrift voneinander zu trennen. frühen und zum Teil noch in New York enstandenen Das mit einem Millimeterraster bedruckte Blatt ist in Arbeiten wie hier in der Sammlung Michalke, so wird Höhe und Breite jeweils in fünf quadratische Felder deutlich, dass – wichtiger noch – das künstlerische von vier bzw. fünf Zentimeter Kantenlänge unterteilt, in Schaffen Darbovens von der grundlegenden Reflexion die als weitere grundlegende geometrische Größe ein über die Eigengesetzlichkeiten der Kunst gegenüber Quadrat mit drei Zentimeter Kantenlänge eingefügt ist. eben dieser Welt getragen wird. Es sind ihre in New Die mit fünf Zentimeter Kantenlänge größten Quadrate York verbrachten Jahre zwischen 1966 und 1968, die sind dabei vertikal wie horizontal auf der Mittelachse sie die Impulse der amerikanischen Minimal Art um der Konstruktion positioniert und geben der Zeichnung Carl Andre, Sol Lewitt und anderer aufnehmen und gleichermaßen ein Zentrum wie auch eine klare Kreuz- ihre eigene künstlerische Position finden liessen. Aus- struktur. stellungen wie Primary Structures im Jewish Muse- um, New York, und Working Drawings and Other Die mit Bleistift ausgeführte Versuchsanordnung, in Visible Things on Paper Not Necessarily Meant der wandernde Eckpunkte und Linien “quer” (horizon- to Be Viewed as Art der Visual Art Gallery hatten in tal) und “hoch” (vertikal) zueinandergesetzt werden, den 1960er Jahren den Fokus von dem subjektiv ex- wird darüber hinaus durch Perforationen unterstützt pressiven Schaffensprozess des Abstrakten Expres- und zugleich vertieft. Auf den Grundlinien der Quad- sionismus’ auf die Phänomenologie des Objekts rate regelmäßig im Zentimeterabstand eingestochen, verschoben. In seriellen Anordnungen erforschten die weichen die Perforationen innerhalb derselben von genannten Künstler Maße und Regeln geometrischer den verbleibenden Linien des Papiers millimeterweise Strukturen und deren Variationen ebenso wie deren ab, unterstützen die vorgedachte Struktur und / oder Wahrnehmungen in unterschiedlichen räumlichen lassen weitere Varianten entstehen. Das Ergebnis ist Kontexten. ein lebhaftes, von Zeichenlinien überzogenes Blatt, dessen Ordnung durch das Raster des Millimeterpa- dem formanalytischen Rigorismus der Minimal Art pieres, durch mathematische Relationen und durch die nicht zu beantworten war. So galt es zum einen, Werk- Metaebene der Perforationen bestimmt wird. prozess und Biographie, Kunst und Welterfahrung zu synchronisieren, um Kunst als Form und Ausdruck Es würde hier zu weit führen, das Blatt gänzlich im von Geschichte und Gegenwart zu bewahren und Detail zu beschreiben, festzuhalten ist jedoch: Han- nicht einem beliebigen Ästhetizismus anheimzufallen. ne Darboven verzichtet eben nicht, wie etwa auch in Zum zweiten galt es, eben diese Kunst als “primary Konstruktionen – Abläufe, um 1966 - 67, auf die von structure” von jeglichem subjektivem Erleben wie auch Hand ausgeführte Visualisierung und in diesem Fall von tagespolitischen Ereignissen zu trennen. Statt auch perforierende Bearbeitung; ihr Schaffen bleibt bei zeitgebundener Illustration
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