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933Rd GENERAL PLENARY MEETING United Nations 933rd GENERAL PLENARY MEETING ASSEMBLY Friday, 2 December 1960, rÿENT. SESStON. at 3 p.m. Oÿcial Records NEW YORK ,,...- CONTENTS self-determination, equal rights, freedom, inde- Page pendence and well-being that the United Nations was established? Agenda item 87: Declaration on the granting of independence to 5. The problem of the colonial enslavement of peoples colonlal countries and peoples (continued).. 1085 .is nothing new. It has existed for centuries, 'and even goes as far back as the first aggressive wars waged _President: Mr. Frederick H. BOLAND (Ireland). by the strong to enslave the weak and strip them of their wealth. It is the very essence of the history of all the wars which the imperialists have waged to AGENDA ITEM 87 subjugate the peoples of different continents by force, fire and the sword in order to secure for themselves the profits to be obtained by exploiting those peoples Declaration on the granting of independence to colonial and their wealth. In the final analysis all the wars countries and peoples (continued) of the past century hadthe same causes: the inordinate BUDO (Albania) (translated from French): desire of the imperialist Powers to seize control of On the initiative of the Government of the Union of world markets, the sources of raw materials and Soviet Socialist Republics, the United Nations has areas of investment opportunity and, to that end, to before it a grave problem with vast international secure colonies and spheres of influence and to divide ramifications: the problem of the final and complete up and redistribute the world's wealth. The two world eradication of that shameful survival of another era wars which have taken place in this century had their known as colonialism. At a time when human society origin in the greed of these same Powers for a has taken enormous strides on the road to progress further division of the world and its wealth, for an and well-being and when man's genius knows no inlperialist world hegemony and for the selfish and bounds in harnessing the forces of nature to ensure exclusive exploitation of the wealth of this terrestrial :to all mankind a happy life in prosperity and dignity, globe. The same causes have been at the root of the the existence on our planet of millions of human wars and armed conflicts which have taken place who still endure the colonialist yoke, in since the end of the Second World War. The cause whatever form, not only is an intolerable anachronism of these Wars has been the imperialists' determination of our society but is at the same time the to prevent people from achieving their national liber- gravest possible crime against humanity and human ation and the young States from developing in freedom ilcivflizatien and one which directly affects the question and independence. This was true of the wars in Indo- of world peace. It is high time to put an end to it China and Indonesia and of the armed aggression once and for all. against Egypt; it was also true of the aggression and of the armed threats of the imperialist Powers, The attainment of national independence and and primarily of the United States' of America, in by the still subject peoples is inevitable, the countries of the Near and Middle East. The co- is the natural evolution of human history and lonialist-imperialist wars are continuing at the presenb is no force in the world powerful enough to time and are everywhere causing the loss of countless tremendous tide of this movement of national lives and material goods. A case in point is Algeria, which over the last few years has gathered Where the valiant Algerian people havewonthe admir- at an unprecedentedly rapid rate. ation and sympathy of the world in their heroic / Now, however, the world turns to the United struggle for national liberation and their six-year to ask it, in accordance with the fundamental resistance to the most brutal kind of armed re- i and principles of the Charter, to make its pressiom This is also the case of the Congo, where contribution to the immediate abolition of we are witnessing the armed intervention of the colonial slavery which has become intolerable Western Powers which are members of NATO, and in to do this before the peoples, relying only on particular the United States and Belgium. Again, this achieve their liberation solely through is the case of Oman, where the valiant people of own efforts. Upon the response which the that country, despite the enemy's military superi- Nations will be able to give to this categorical ority, are waging a selfless and unremitting struggle of our century--which is not only the urgent to free themselves of the British imperialist yoke. of the subjugated peoples but also the ardent Lastly, this is the case of Cuba, where the United of mankind as a whole--will depend in large States imperialists shrink from nothing--neither the very future of our Organization. bombings, nor murder, nor subversion nor demon- strations of force by the United States Navy--in their is it not the human being who is the efforts to undermine the rÿgime set up by the people end of our Organization7 Was it not in order to and to protect, once again, the interests of the United i peoples and to nations, whether great Or States monopolies. In this connexion, it is pertinent full enjoyment of their fundamental rights, to note that the United States Navy, which at one time 1085 A/PV.933 i \ 1086 General Assembly- Fifteenth Session- Plenary Meetings appeai:s off the Mediterranean ports of the Middle liberation movement has gained inc reasiÿ-- I *ÿ ÿuornentu]ÿl t East, at another in the Straits of Taiwan and at and this year has seen the emergence of sixtee1 another in the Caribbean Sea, in accordance with new independent States in Africa, sotÿ=ÿ-* -ÿu .... a the requirements of the Pentagon's aggressive plans, been aptly called "the Year of Africa, ÿ-ÿ has rÿ • ÿae new 0: has become the symbol of provocation, the threat of States, which are now Members of the United Nations. ii force and the aggravation of international tension. are taking an active part in international life TheJ have thus greatly enlarged the area of ÿe " 6. The problem of the liberation of the peoples en- v ace. The colonial system is consequently disintegrating, andits slaved by colonialism thus touches upon the very h, very foundations are cracking; a new era is opening essence of the question of peace and war, with which up for mankind. The face of Africa and Asia has been it is intimatelylinked. The eradication from our society completely transformed, and th6 movement of national i of the last vestiges of this shameful rottenness, the liberation and independence is growing in Latin )f colonial system, and the ending of exploitation by 3 America. Each day the struggle of the peoples still foreign monopolies would not only constitute the most subject to the colonial yoke in Africa, Asia and Latin pÿ Lÿ elementary recognition of the inalienable right of America is assuming larger dimensions. These the colonial peoples to the alleviation of their age- s i peoples, numbering some 100 million human beings, :i ! : old sufferings, but would also create the necessary will, withoutÿ the slightest doubt, attain their inde- c conditions for the full social, economic and cultural pendence, but in the meantime they continue to suffer development of these peoples. Without the slightest under colonialist-imperialist domination. The United i( ! ( doubt, this would serve to reduce international tension Nations owes it to itself therefore, in accordance !iI1ÿ and to create propitious conditions for the solution i:: I¸ with the principles of its Charter, to take effective of other international problems, chief among which measures to put an end totally and for all time to is the unquestionably urgent problem of general and i this shameful blemish on our civilization• complete disarmament. L 10"ÿ The liberation of the colonial countries has never ,I 7. We feel called upon at this point to refer to been attributable to the colonial Powers, despite what disarmament because we think it essential always to their best spokesmen try to make us believe. It has remember that as long as the imperialist Powers resulted from the sustained efforts of the enslaved have in their hands the means of oppressing other peoples and of the support which they have always peoples, they will not give up the possibility of using received from other peaceful States and peoples. them each time their selfish interests are affected, The imperialists never of their own volition forfeit and thus it will be impossible to ensure a lasting the fabulous profits whidh_they derive from the most world peace. There can be no doubt that the eradication savage exploitation of other people. The world is of the colonial system will very substantially enhance well informed on that score. There is no need to the unremitting efforts of the peace-loving peoples seek very far afield for conclusive evidence of 1 and the peaceful countries to establish co-operative this. It is enough to recall here the recent events and good-neighbourly relations between all nations, in the Congo, which show how the imperialists, even large and small, on the basis of the sovereign equality at the moment when a country attains independence, of States, respect for the right of peoples to self- conspire to take back what they had been forced to determination, and non-interference in the internal yield.
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