S. 2257, the National Park Service Centennial Act
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S. HRG. 114–492 S. 2257, THE NATIONAL PARK SERVICE CENTENNIAL ACT HEARING BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES UNITED STATES SENATE ONE HUNDRED FOURTEENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION DECEMBER 8, 2015 ( Printed for the use of the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources Available via the World Wide Web: http://fdsys.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE 98–965 WASHINGTON : 2017 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Publishing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES LISA MURKOWSKI, Alaska, Chairman JOHN BARRASSO, Wyoming MARIA CANTWELL, Washington JAMES E. RISCH, Idaho RON WYDEN, Oregon MIKE LEE, Utah BERNARD SANDERS, Vermont JEFF FLAKE, Arizona DEBBIE STABENOW, Michigan STEVE DAINES, Montana AL FRANKEN, Minnesota BILL CASSIDY, Louisiana JOE MANCHIN III, West Virginia CORY GARDNER, Colorado MARTIN HEINRICH, New Mexico ROB PORTMAN, Ohio MAZIE K. HIRONO, Hawaii JOHN HOEVEN, North Dakota ANGUS S. KING, JR., Maine LAMAR ALEXANDER, Tennessee ELIZABETH WARREN, Massachusetts SHELLEY MOORE CAPITO, West Virginia KAREN K. BILLUPS, Staff Director PATRICK J. MCCORMICK III, Chief Counsel LUCY MURFITT, Senior Counsel and Natural Resources Policy Director ANGELA BECKER-DIPPMANN, Democratic Staff Director SAM E. FOWLER, Democratic Chief Counsel DAVID BROOKS, Democratic General Counsel (II) C O N T E N T S OPENING STATEMENTS Page Murkowski, Hon. Lisa, Chairman and a U.S. Senator from Alaska ................... 1 Cantwell, Hon. Maria, Ranking Member and a U.S. Senator from Wash- ington .................................................................................................................... 3 WITNESSES Jarvis, Hon. Jonathan, Director, National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior ....................................................................................................... 5 Shafroth, Will, President & CEO, National Park Foundation ............................. 10 Crandall, Derrick, Counselor, National Park Hospitality Association ................ 16 Pierno, Theresa, President & CEO, National Parks Conservation Association . 35 ALPHABETICAL LISTING AND APPENDIX MATERIAL SUBMITTED Cantwell, Hon. Maria: Opening Statement ........................................................................................... 3 Chart: Recreation Fees ($ Millions) ................................................................ 48 (The) Corps Network: Letter for the Record ........................................................................................ 127 Crandall, Derrick: Opening Statement ........................................................................................... 16 Written Testimony ............................................................................................ 19 Responses to Questions for the Record ........................................................... 123 Daines, Hon. Steve: Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 128 Jarvis, Hon. Jonathan: Opening Statement ........................................................................................... 5 Written Testimony ............................................................................................ 7 Responses to Questions for the Record ........................................................... 100 Murkowski, Hon. Lisa: Opening Statement ........................................................................................... 1 Pierno, Theresa: Opening Statement ........................................................................................... 35 Written Testimony ............................................................................................ 37 Responses to Questions for the Record ........................................................... 125 S. 2257, the National Park Service Centennial Act .............................................. 73 Shafroth, Will: Opening Statement ........................................................................................... 10 Written Testimony ............................................................................................ 12 Responses to Questions for the Record ........................................................... 120 (III) S. 2257, THE NATIONAL PARK SERVICE CENTENNIAL ACT Tuesday, December 8, 2015 U.S. SENATE, COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES, Washington, DC. The Committee met, pursuant to notice, at 10:06 a.m. in Room SD–366, Dirksen Senate Office Building, Hon. Lisa Murkowski, Chairman of the Committee, presiding. OPENING STATEMENT OF HON. LISA MURKOWSKI, U.S. SENATOR FROM ALASKA The CHAIRMAN. Good morning. We will call the hearing to order. I would like to thank you all for being here with us this morning. We are considering legislation related to the upcoming National Park Service (NPS) Centennial. The bill that we have before us today is the Administration’s proposal titled the ‘‘National Park Service Centennial Act.’’ Senator Cantwell has introduced this as S. 2257. I think just about everybody in the room knows, and certainly the word is out, that 2016 will mark the 100th anniversary of the National Park Service. This is certainly a time to celebrate the Park Service’s stewardship of America’s most magnificent natural landscapes including many of our most important cultural and his- torical places and the public’s enjoyment of them. I know that I am going to be getting out to visit the parks in my state. This year was a great opportunity to get out to Denali and go into the park in the fall, which is exceptionally beautiful, par- ticularly when you wake up and it is covered with snow. It is one of those opportunities that you just do not forget. Last year we had an opportunity in Wrangell-St. Elias to enjoy yet another amazing park. I want all of us to get out and visit our National Parks next year. That is only part of what this Centennial calls for. More importantly it offers us a chance to ensure that the National Park System operates sustainably for the next 100 years, and I think it is going to take a serious effort to achieve that goal. The National Park Service was created in 1916 to manage the growing number of park units established by Congress and monu- ments proclaimed by the President. Back then we had 35 units. Today the system has grown to 409 units. The Park Service admin- isters over 80 million acres of Federal land in the United States, about two thirds, or 54 million acres, is located in my State of Alas- ka. (1) 2 As the Park System has grown, so has the backlog of its mainte- nance projects. The National Park Service estimates its mainte- nance backlog at approximately $11.5 billion right now. It is antici- pated that the backlog will continue to grow as the result of addi- tional land acquisitions combined with the unavoidable effects of increased visitor use, inflation and asset deterioration. The maintenance backlog is a travesty I think we recognize must be addressed. To me there is little point in conserving land or al- lowing the Federal Government to acquire even more land if we are not going to take the proper care of those lands. Caring for these lands is as important as anything. I want to be very clear. I do not think that this is an instance where we can simply throw money at a problem and consider it solved. I disagree that simply providing more funding, as the Ad- ministration proposes, is the best approach for dealing with the maintenance backlog. Our nation is facing a serious fiscal crisis. We cannot simply spend however much we want on whatever we want, wherever we perceive a need. Instead we need to look at new and alternative ways to fund the park system, strive to be more efficient with ap- propriated dollars and reassess our current funding priorities. One area that we have discussed before and that I am encour- aged to see pick up, at least in concept in this legislative proposal, are ideas to encourage philanthropic support and leverage private donations for NPS programs and projects. I think that we need to do a better job of encouraging folks who care about the park system to contribute both their resources and their dollars. I am particularly interested in the endowment idea that we see included here, as an endowment can be a great tool to ensure long- term viability if it is structured properly. Of course, the next 100 years are not just about maintenance backlogs and resource projects. As I mentioned earlier, the Park Service has a huge presence in Alaska. It is probably not surprising that there are tensions that arise when we try to reconcile the local needs and culture with that of a landlord that is situated almost 4,000 miles away. While the issues we face in Alaska may be different from those faced by the neighbors of lower East Side Tenement Museum in Manhattan, the next century will also be about visitors and con- necting the next generation to our parks. We need to enhance and expand visitor services to meet the demands of this next genera- tion, and that may require some new tools. I am interested in learning more about the pilot program that this legislation seeks to establish to allow the Visitors Service Man- agement Authority to award and manage contracts for the oper- ation of commercial visitor services programs and activities. With the National Park Service Centennial upon us, it is time that