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Mozambique 2015: Damage Assessment and Early Recovery / Sustainable Reconstruction Priorities

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Mozambique 2015: Damage Assessment and Early Recovery / Sustainable Reconstruction Priorities Mozambique 2015: Damage Assessment and Early Recovery / Sustainable Reconstruction Priorities Joint Rapid Assessment following the January-February 2015 Hydro-Meteorological Events in the Central and Northern Regions Fig. 1. (cover page) Detected flood area during the flooding event – in light pink – and within the January 28 - February 10 period – in red (processed by WFP from MODIS and ESA Sentinel-1 and Landsat-8 data) ; Pictures from IFRC (damaged houses), UN-Habitat (bridge) and EDM (electricity tower) Following a mission carried out from March 3-13, the Government of Mozambique, with support from its partners, developed this rapid assessment (later referred to as “the Assessment”) with three chapters: 1. « Event Characterization and Underlying Risk Factors »; 2. « Environmental, Social and Economic Impacts: Damages and Preliminary Loss Estimates »; and 3. « Early Recovery and Resilient Reconstruction Framework ». A total of 18 working groups, listed on pages 2 to 5 of the Executive Summary, contributed to the development of this report. Photos courtesy of: (i) Orlando Missa, Electricidade de Moçambique; (ii) Camila Riveiro, International Organization for Migration; (iii) Javier Cidon, Danish Red Cross; (iv) Fernando Ferreiro, UN-Habitat; (v) Julia Oberreiter, The World Bank; and (vi) Lara Carrilho, World Food Program. Some maps have been reproduced from previous publications and referred to in the last section of the report. Maps have been produced for the report from datasets provided by the National Institute for Disaster Management (INGC), the Eduardo Mondlane University, the Road National Administration (ANE), and from the location of damages by the working groups. Boundaries, colors, denominations and any other information shown on the maps reproduced in this report do not imply any judgment on the legal status of any territory, or any endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. The rapid assessment has been coordinated by the Government of Mozambique through the Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEF) and the National Institute for Disaster Management (INGC). The report was prepared by the World Bank Group in coordination with line ministries, United Nations agencies in the country, and funded by the European Union through the ACP-UE Natural Disaster Risk Reduction Program (ACP-EU NDRR), an initiative of the African, Caribbean and Pacific Group (ACP), funded by the European Union and managed by the Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR). ACP-EU Natural Disaster Risk Reduction Program An initiative of the African, Caribbean and Pacific Group, funded by the European Union and managed by GFDRR p. ii Acronyms ACP African, Caribbean and Pacific Group AICD Africa Infrastructure Country Diagnostic ANE Road National Administration AIAS Water and Sanitation Infrastructure Administration ARA Regional Directorate for Water Affairs CTGC Technical Council for Disaster Management DFO Dartmouth Flood Observatory DNA National Directorate for Water Affairs EDM Electricity National Administration EU European Union FAO Food and Agriculture Organization GDP Gross Domestic Product GFDRR Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery INGC National Institute for Disaster Management INE National Statistical Institute IOM International Organization for Migration MICOA Ministry for the Coordination of Environment Affairs MEF Ministry of Economy and Finance NDRR ACP-EU Natural Disaster Risk Reduction Program SETSAN Technical Secretariat for Food Security and Nutrition UN-Habitat United Nations Human Settlements Program UNICEF United Nations’ Children Fund WFP World Food Program p. iii Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................. 1 1. Event Characterization and Underlying Risk Factors ................................................. 13 1.1. Analysis of Hydro-Meteorological and Physical Parameters ...................................... 14 1.1.1. Rainfall ................................................................................................................. 14 1.1.2. Runoff ................................................................................................................... 16 1.1.3. Flood Extent.......................................................................................................... 18 1.1.4. Erosion, Flooding and Contributing Risk Factors ................................................ 19 1.1.4.1. Size of the Watersheds, Distance between Rainfall and Exposed Elements ........................................................................................................ 19 1.1.4.2. Elevation, Topography and Slope ................................................................. 19 1.1.4.3. Vegetation Cover ........................................................................................... 20 1.1.4.4. Inadequate Drainage Infrastructure in Urban Areas ................................... 21 1.2. Analysis of Exposed Elements ..................................................................................... 22 1.3. Vulnerability Analysis ................................................................................................. 25 1.3.1. Public Infrastructures ............................................................................................ 25 1.3.1.1. Roads and Bridges ........................................................................................ 25 1.3.1.2. Energy ........................................................................................................... 26 1.3.1.3. Irrigated Schemes .......................................................................................... 27 1.3.1.4. Flood Protection and Dikes .......................................................................... 29 1.3.1.5. Drainage Networks ....................................................................................... 29 1.3.1.6. Railways ........................................................................................................ 29 1.3.1.7. Telecommunication ....................................................................................... 30 1.3.1.8. Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation ......................................................... 31 1.3.2. Productive Sectors ................................................................................................ 31 1.3.2.1. Rain-Fed Agriculture and Livestock ............................................................. 31 1.3.2.2. Fisheries ........................................................................................................ 32 1.3.2.3. Industry and Commerce ................................................................................ 33 1.3.3. Livelihood and Social Sectors .............................................................................. 33 1.3.3.1. Environment .................................................................................................. 33 1.3.3.2. Education ...................................................................................................... 34 1.3.3.3. Health ............................................................................................................ 35 1.3.3.4. Food Security and Nutrition .......................................................................... 37 1.3.3.5. Community Development and Rural Housing ............................................... 38 1.3.3.6. Urban Development and Housing ................................................................. 38 2. Environmental, Social and Economic Impacts: Damages and Preliminary Loss Estimates .................................................................................................................. 40 2.1. Public Infrastructure ..................................................................................................... 41 2.1.1. Roads and Bridges ................................................................................................ 41 2.1.2. Energy ................................................................................................................... 43 2.1.3. Irrigated Schemes ................................................................................................. 45 2.1.4. Flood Protection and Dikes .................................................................................. 45 2.1.5. Rainwater Drainage Networks .............................................................................. 46 2.1.6. Railways ............................................................................................................... 46 2.1.7. Telecommunication .............................................................................................. 47 p. iv 2.1.8. Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation ................................................................. 47 2.1.9. Meteorological and Hydrological Networks ......................................................... 49 2.2. Productive Sectors ........................................................................................................ 51 2.2.1. Rain-Fed Agriculture and Food Security .............................................................. 51 2.2.2. Fisheries ................................................................................................................ 52 2.2.3. Industry and Commerce .......................................................................................
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