Produced by Heritage Service Issue No. 49 August - November 2008

100th Anniversary Maypole Pit Disaster

£1 YOUR HERITAGE in partnership with Wigan Council HERITAGE SERVICE NEW STAFF FOR HERITAGE SERVICE

Lisa Keys will be joining us in August as Exhibition and Display Officer. Lisa was offered the post after Contents a rigorous interview process. It was a difficult Letter from the decision, as the calibre of all those interviewed was extremely high. However, Lisa had the breadth of experience and skills required for this challenging 2-3 Heritage Service Editorial Team new post, which has been partly funded by the Heritage Lottery Fund. Her main role will be to 4 Archives Service develop the Heritage Service temporary exhibition In this issue of FORWARD , we commemorate the 5 PAST programme, working with staff and community Exhibitions at 100th anniversary of the tragic and terrible Maypole The History Shop groups both in the History Shop and other venues Colliery Disaster which occurred on 18th August 1908. throughout the borough. 6-7 1908 Olympians of Seventy-five men lost their lives. Chris Watts (Local & the Borough Family History Officer) has written an article (see pages After graduating from the University of in 18 and 19) which is published alongside four of the 2001, Lisa worked as a field archaeologist on sites 8-9 Weekend Community photographs from our archival collection. The front cover in the North West. She became increasingly Celebrations also shows the devastated pit. interested in the interpretation of local heritage and the role that museums have in this, so in 2004 10-12 The Shy Shooter During the week beginning Monday 11th August 2008 there took up a Masters in Art Gallery and Museum of the North will be exhibitions in St John’s Church at Abram as well as in Studies. She gained subsequent employment at the former Abram Library. The week will end with a special 13 Views of Hindley National Museums Liverpool and County service in the church on the 18th followed by a procession to Museum Service. Her last role was for the Lake 14-16 Help for the the memorial. For more details of the celebrations please District National Park Authority developing various Deserving Poor contact St John’s Vicarage. media which would make the historic environment more accessible to the public. 17 Heritage Events The Heritage Service will also be arranging a Maypole Colliery Lisa says "I am passionate about interpretation and Day on the 16th August followed by learning sessions at the am looking forward to all the challenges my new 18-20 The Maypole Lisa Keys History Shop on the 19th and Platt Bridge Library on the 22nd. role will bring! " Colliery Disaster For further details please contact the Education and Outreach Heritage Open Manager on 01942 828128. 22-23 Spanish Flu Days 2008 24-25 Jane Austen and Friends of K I would like to become a member Published by Wigan Heritage of 'Friends of Wigan Heritage Historic Deadline Service, Wigan Leisure & a Wigan M.P. Wigan Service' and receive copies of Bolton Old Road Culture Trust. Past Forward through the post. for Issue 50 26-27 Do you remember? Heritage Atherton The views expressed in this issue Please state which issue you Service Contributors please are not necessarily supported by 28-31 Your Letters wish your membership to begin. OPEN TO VIEW note that the deadline Wigan Leisure & Culture Trust. Please find enclosed my cheque for £5.00 Nothing printed may be construed 32 Views of Leigh (made payable to Wigan Leisure & Culture Trust) Friday 12th September for receipt of 12.00am - 5.00pm as policy or official announcement Name: material for publication unless so stated. Neither Wigan 33 Society News Address: Saturday 13th September is 30th September. Leisure & Culture Trust, nor the 34 Pigeon Power 10.00am - 5.00pm Editor, accept liability for any The Editor matter in this publication. 35 Can You Help? Postcode: Sunday 14th September Wigan Heritage Service Contributions are welcome, but Tel: 12.00am - 5.00pm The History Shop no responsibility can be taken FRONT COVER PICTURE for loss or damage to Signed: Date: Library Street Maypole Colliery Disaster Chapel archives will be on view contributors’ material. Please return to The History Shop or via Freepost : in the Hall. Wigan WN1 1NU 1908, roof blown off the Past Forward, Wigan Leisure & Culture Trust [email protected] © Wigan Leisure & Culture Trust ventilating house FREEPOST NATW 1645, Wigan WN1 1XZ All are welcome. March 2008

2 3 ARCHIVES SERVICE EXHIBITIONS AT THE HISTORY SHOP

Your Archives information from the main collections. Various Freemasonry churches have records giving lists of wardens, council and charity group members and Sunday school pupils. Improvement work at the Archives is ongoing and we New buildings or renovations brought associated lists – it’s no secret! hope researchers will continue to find an enhanced of subscribers and older parishes kept rate books for service. Behind the scenes, cataloguing, listing and the overseers of the poor; in Lowton these records conservation work helps the preservation of records No less than 35 Freemasons have been Mayor date from the 1760s. These church records are some and we are grateful to all archive users who fill out of Wigan on a total of 52 occasions. These of the highlights of our collections. our short visitor surveys; all suggestions and facts were revealed by the Mayor of Wigan, recommendations are very welcome. If you would like more information details are Cllr Mrs Rona Winkworth, when she opened available in the Guide to the Archives, or on the the exhibition celebrating 222 years of Recent Acquisitions websites of A2A (Access to Archives) and the Greater Freemasonry in Wigan, held in the Taylor Pastfinder. Gallery of the History Shop from the 6th May Wigan Mayor Cllr Mrs Rona Winkworth with There is much to mention in this issue in terms of Freemasons: Danny Jones (Wigan Group to the 19th July 2008. new acquisitions to the collections. Recent Remembering the Chairman), Eddie Caulfield (Assistant Provincial accessions include: After being welcomed to the exhibition by the Grand Master for West Lancashire), Fred Lomax Freemasons’ Assistant Provincial Grand Master Eddie • Records of John Wood & Sons, Wigan and Past: Maypole, (Exhibition Organiser and Secretary of the Wigan Caulfield, Cllr Winkworth said: "It is a pleasure for Walmsleys (Wigan) Ltd. (Acc. 2008/24) and District Association for Masonic Research), 18th August 1908 Barbara Adderley (The Order of Women me to be here at this exhibition on Freemasonry in • Papers relating to the Edmund Molyneux Freemasons Grand Inspector for West Lancashire), Wigan. Freemasons are renowned for their Scholarship Endowment, including last will and Archives are used for numerous Pauline Short (Exhibition Organiser). charitable donations to national and local causes. testament of Edmund Molyneux, 1613 (Acc. purposes, including Wigan and Leigh Hospice has been generously 2008/23) contemporary planning and supported over the years, as has Derian House • Log books of St Thomas’ School, Clayton Street legal cases, academic enquiry A Feast of Children’s Hospice and various medical charities (Acc. 2008/22) and research, even art and including the North West Air Ambulance. Many youth organisations in Wigan have received grants • Additional records of The Methodist Church, Wigan design. Yet, they always serve to Telegram from Circuit, including Wigan Wesleyan Chapel (Whitley allow us to remember the past. Edward VII, Photography to enable them to obtain equipment and to 21st August 1908 continue their work with the young citizens of the Methodist Church) (Acc. 2008/18) The 18th August 2008 is the The Wigan Borough. It is pleasing to see the Shopmobility hundredth anniversary of the explosion at the and Atherton scooters which local Freemasons provided within Using Church Records Maypole Colliery, near Abram, in which 75 men lost Photographic Wigan town centre to assist our older citizens for their lives. Reading the records held at the Archives whom mobility is a problem when shopping. It is At the Archives we have a substantial collection of Societies will creates a vivid picture of the accident, its aftermath particularly appropriate for me as Mayor of Wigan church records and act as a Church of England be displaying and the effect upon local communities. The material to be present here because no less than 35 of my diocesan repository for records of the churches in the their work the includes photographs of the town and colliery in predecessors have been Freemasons. They have held deaneries of Wigan the days that followed, documentation concerning History Shop the office of Mayor of Wigan on a total of 52 and Winwick. the government enquiry into the accident, the at the end of occasions. Freemasons in Wigan have devoted not Family historians and records of the Relief Fund established to help the summer. just their money but their time, energy and genealogists will victims’ families and lists of those subscribing, Please do Wigan Photographic Society: enthusiasm to the cause of being happy and know about well- including scores of local people, King Edward VII and come along, it Stick judging. Borrowdale Show. generating happiness among those who are less thumbed church Queen Alexandra. is a chance to Hilary Fairclough, LRPS. well off in the community. From the opening of the registers but much It is a small collection but hints at the very real effect show your support for local community first lodge in Wigan in 1786 until today, Freemasons less used are the the disaster brought upon local people, so preserving groups, and it goes without saying that you have served the local community." other records of these these records, keeping them safe and accessible, helps will see some stunning photographs. The exhibition opening was also attended by the churches. If you find us to remember. Order of Women’s Freemasons’ Grand Inspector for ancestors in the Wigan Photographic Society West Lancashire, Barbara Adderley. The ladies of baptisms, marriages If you would like to view any of the records from the 23rd August-6th September Lodge Landmark/Dormer Light provided tea, coffee, and burials, you may collection mentioned above (CB/Wi/F2), please contact Lowton St Luke sandwiches and cakes for the forty guests. gain additional the Archives. Atherton Photographic Society Overseers Rate Book 9th-20th September

4 5 starting from the Crosby He was a renowned swimmer Addin , Tyldesley Channel to a point near the and was chosen to represent Swimming Club Seaforth Battery. Officials and Great Britain in the 100m 1908 O lympians members of the Liverpool freestyle. Although he managed Swimming Club followed the to progress to the semi final, he contest from the Wallesey was up against strong ferryboat ‘Crocus’. Battersby competition, so he never made of the Borough won the race in a time 19 the final. In his early years he minutes 50 seconds beating his received his municipal training by Tony Ashcroft Wigan compatriot who in the Tyldesley Council Clerks recorded a time of 21 minutes Office before taking up a As the country makes Championship of Ireland and track events have since been 18 seconds. In October 1908, at position as Clerk to the preparations to host the two Empire championships at discontinued. Although I have the Guinea Gap Baths at Rothwell Urban Council. 2012 Olympic Games let Newcastle, all in 1907. In the very little information on Ben Seacombe, he made an attempt 1908 Olympics his sporting Jones I believe he went to us look back to when the and was successful in breaking Should any reader have any prowess and stamina enabled South Africa circa 1910 and the quarter mile record. additional information on the IV Olympiad was held in him win an individual gold and returned to England in 1920. It above sportsmen I would be London a century ago. silver, as well as a team gold. is fairly certain that he Addin Tyldesley - Swimmer very pleased to hear from you. Ben’s individual gold medal was competed in and won several Then, a total of 22 in the one mile swimming Addin Tyldesley was born in the In future articles there will be for the 5,000m, when he South African cycle nations with 2008 championship, swum in the township of Tyldesley .His references to other sporting recorded a time of 8:36:2, championships. River Soar at Leicester. Here he father, who was manager of the personalities of the Borough. athletes competed in 110 beating Maurice Schilles and beat Henry Taylor by 19 seconds local baths, was a keen events representing 22 Andre Auffray (both of France). Sydney Battersby - Swimmer although he lost out to supporter of the Tyldesley Tony Ashcroft (Local History In the 20,000 metres (20 km) Sydney Battersby who won a different sports. Beaurepaire of Australia. At the Swimming and Water Polo Officer) can be contacted on track event he was placed silver medal in the 1500m end of July and beginning of Club, to which Addin belonged. 01942 404459. Editor The venue for the track and second to Charles Kingsbury, freestyle at the 1908 Olympics August 1908, Battersby took field events was the White City also representing the British was a joiner and builder of Platt part in the annual amateur Stadium. The opening team. His final gold medal was Bridge. He lost out, by three swimming championship of the ceremony took place on 27th awarded for his part in the seconds, to Henry Taylor of Mersey. There were 14 entrants April 1908 when King Edward 4,000m team pursuit which Great Britain. Although Henry and for the first time ever, there VII officially declared the games Great Britain won by 10 (or Harry) Taylor is not from was a swimmer of ‘the weaker open. The closing ceremony seconds over a German team. Wigan it is possible that his sex’. Also in the race was Fred was on 31st October 1908. In Other members of the team parents once resided in Ince, of Wigan, a terms of medals, Great Britain were: Leonard Meredith, Ernest whilst his elder brother was prospective entrant for the topped the medal table with Payne and Charles Kingsbury. born there. Amongst Sydney’s English Channel Swim. The 146 medals (56 gold, 51 silver Both the 5,000 metres and other swimming feats of the course totalled one mile and 39 bronze). In second place 20,000 metres (20km) men’s same year was a second place came the USA with 47. Sydney Battersby, Three local competitors were Wigan Swimming Club, amongst those chosen for their c.1900-1910 sporting prowess. These were: Benjamin Jones, Sydney Battersby and Addin Tyldesley.

Benjamin Jones - Cyclist Ben Jones, or the Wigan flyer as he was known, was a famous cyclist. Prior to his competing in the Olympic Games he had entered and won numerous cycle racing championships including the Mile Bicycle

6 7 Male Voice Choir. This was various organisations, Astley particularly relevant as Youth Brass Band, a Barrel Parkside Colliery, Newton le Organist, an historic village- Willows was the last deep related play and a colliery mine to close in the history slide show just some Lancashire Coalfield in examples. The day was a great 1993. The concert was held success with approximately at St. Stephen’s Church and 1,500 people attending. was very well attended and enjoyed by all. The Church The entire weekend was parishioners were kind particularly satisfying in that it enough to provide light gave people from the refreshments in the interval. community the opportunity to renew acquaintances and Astley Scouts and Guides the enjoy the festivities at the celebrated the completion of Museum. The re-enactment of same time. Why not organise the refurbishment of the old ‘Cutting the first Sod’, originally a community event in your school, their headquarters, in performed by the then Lady area. It is hard work, but Ellesmere Street, Higher Green Pilkington on May 7th 1908, extremely rewarding! on Saturday 4th May. It was was ably carried out by pupils also 60 years since their from Twelve Apostles School, activities were established in The organising committee Leigh. Many attractions were the neighbourhood. would like to thank the on site with children’s games, a following sponsors for their Monday (May Day) 5th May miniature railway, and practical or financial was a Centenary Gala Day at marquee, display stands from assistance in making the Weekend Community weekend such a success. Wigan Heritage Services Celebrations Viridor Waste Management W. Howard Ltd. By Geoff Jones, Chairman - The Red Rose Steam Society The National Union of Mineworkers, Leigh Office The opportunity was taken not a small committee was set up. The districts of Astley, Tyldesley Tyres and Exhaust Blackmoor and Astley only to celebrate the centenary This included members of the of ‘Cutting the First Sod’ at the Red Rose Steam Society, who Brian Gomm, Leigh Journal Green, all lying almost Astley Green Colliery but also look after Astley Green Colliery within the shadow the establishment of the Museum, The Friends of Astley Lakeland Laboratories of Astley Green Whitehead Hall Millennium Scouts and Guides, and the Astley Sand & Aggregates Meadow, the refurbishment of Astley Green Residents Colliery for the last the Scout & Guide Headquarters Association. After much Astley Rotary Club and the 40th Anniversary of planning, fund raising, and hundred years, were St. Stephen’s Church the subject of various St. Stephen’s Church. ticket sales the results paid dividends and the weekend’s Princes Park Garden commemorative Earlier in the year it was events were firmly established. Centre, Irlam celebrations over the realised that there was a golden opportunity to involve The evening of Friday 3rd May Cowburn’s Hardware May Day weekend, all sections of the community was given over to a choral Shop, Blackmoor the 3rd-5th May. in the celebrations and as such concert by Parkside Colliery

8 9 Billy Joyce may well have been a family man, Uncovering the but he was also a complex man. As a youngster a hard days grafting down the coal mine would be followed by a ‘pull around’ ‘Catch-as-Catch- Shy Shooter Can’ style, as he learnt the business of wrestling. Or rather, he learnt how to learn. That was the point of training at Riley’s of the North Snakepit. Wrestlers didn’t just learn how to wrestle, they learned how to continue learning By Alan Bamber and Simon Le Fort throughout their life. Bob Robinson, known to wrestling fans The coalmine, Snakepit, the pull around after as Billy Joyce, was one of the greatest work, were the experiences of Billy Joyce, who was considered to be the finest technical heavyweight professional wrestlers of heavyweight of the post war years. A real the post war years and yet seems wrestler or shooter as the wrestling enthusiasts almost a forgotten man amongst would call him. There’s no need to take our modern day wrestling enthusiasts. word for it, or that of Dorothy and Jimmy. The Whilst lesser men such as Big Daddy, great and the good have given testament to Joyce’s place in wrestling folklore. Billy Mick McManus, and Jackie Pallo are still Robinson said he was: “the most complete discussed at length, the name Billy wrestler of his generation…. without a Joyce rarely gets a mention. doubt the best technique wrestler I ever met or wrestled.” We talked at length with Billy’s daughter, Dorothy Hart, her husband Jimmy, and family friend, Roy Wood named Billy as the best wrestler to Susan. We came away with one lasting come out of Wigan. Geoff Condliffe (Count impression. Here is a man who still commands Bartelli) said that Joyce was the only wrestler enormous love and respect seven years after his that he would pay to watch wrestle. Condliffe Riley's Gym, Bob Robinson (with belt) death. That sense of love came through every likened his bouts with Joyce to a game of opponent his arm he wanted it to be taken and the complexities of the man become word that was uttered, from Susan’s “He was a chess, with the Wigan wrestler always thinking because he was planning the counter, his next apparent. lovely man,” Dorothy’s “e wur a bugger,” to two or three moves ahead. That’s what ‘Catch- offensive, and the follow through. He was the Jimmy’s, “He was a family man, and always as-Catch-Can’ style was all about, “giving master of the style. Here was a wrestler who could really hurt an wanted to get back .” summat t’ get summat.” If Joyce offered an opponent, and yet he instinctively lacked the Joyce was said by Karel Istaz (Karl Gotch) to be killer touch. Bill Robinson said, “his only the last great “ripper” of British wrestling (a weakness was he was too nice, he wanted to shoot wrestler who could genuinely hurt an beat you but not hurt you.” opponent if he wished). Billy took part in what many believe was the last genuine catch-as- Joyce was a man with a strong temper, not easily catch-can shoot match for money, a behind roused, but evident to all around him when it closed doors bout against Arthur Belshaw, was. Family and friends tell of a placid man, a around 1950. Although just about everyone family man. Dorothy remembered her father as a acknowledged Billy as the best catch wrestler, he shy man who shunned the limelight. “If a photo suffered one of his rare defeats when his knee was being taken Bob would make sure he was was damaged. on the back row,” chipped in Dorothy’s husband, Jimmy. This reluctance to push himself forward Lancastrians are known as straight forward sort was undoubtedly one of the reasons that Billy of people. They take others as they find them was overshadowed by more extrovert wrestlers and don’t stand on ceremony. Billy Joyce was all of his generation. Not that it mattered to Billy. of that. He was a straight forward, decent sort He was content that his life was full of his two of man. Scratch beneath the surface, though, loves, his family and his wrestling.

10 11 The family always came first. Billy was married to Billy would wrestle after his shift finished, initially Edna, and they had the one child, Dorothy. After for fun, then a student and later as a VIEWS OF HINDLEY each match Billy would return to Wigan and professional. Joe introduced him to Billy Riley rarely missed a night at home. Even when who began to train the youngster. The wrestling in places as far away as professional career began in 1942. The family Middlesborough or London Billy would get back name, Bob Robinson, had to be discarded in the car and drive home to arrive in the early because a wrestler of that name was already hours of the morning. Mind you, that was easier active. Like most of the miners Billy was not than in the early days. When Billy first began particularly big. He was wiry rather than wrestling, during the war, he would cycle to muscular, but very fit and strong. many matches. A small bag containing his gear, a For the next thirty years wrestling was to remain hot or cold drink, and off he would go, wrestle at the heart of Billy’s life. Each day would begin his bout and then all the way home on his bike, and end with three hundred press-ups, add to raining or not. For matches further afield he that five hundred sit ups each morning, and a would rely on a lift from one of the other local daily visit to Riley’s Snakepit for more of a pull- wrestlers, until he had saved enough to buy a around, perfecting his own techniques and small second hand car. bringing on the young ‘uns, which was always Family man Billy would sometimes reluctantly take important to Billy. Edna and Dorothy with him when wrestling locally. Amongst those young ‘uns was a Belgian that His reluctance was simply because he didn’t like to came to Britain in 1950, and was to be a regular see Dorothy’s distress. “I wanted to go with my visitor for the next eight years. His name was dad, but I used to get really upset,” said Dorothy, Karel Istaz, but he later became famous in the Market Street, Hindley Castle Hill, Hindley “This was my dad and I couldn’t understand why USA as Karl Gotch. Istaz came to Britain for one everyone was booing and shouting at him. I used reason only, and that was to learn how to really to cry, and he would tell me that it was all alright, wrestle, at Riley’s Snakepit. The man that taught but I didn’t understand.” him all he knew was Billy Joyce. Not only that, but Billy and Edna opened their home to the Tragedy hit the close knit family on 8th October youngster, and he lived with the two of them 1952. Many family members, including Billy, his whenever he came over to Wigan. brother Joe and sister Vera, were travelling with the third brother, Jimmy, on the Perth to Euston Billy’s professional career saw him universally express, for Jimmy’s return sailing from recognised as the very best, a British and Southampton to his home in America. Shortly after European champion. Although he disliked 8.00 am their train and another collided in Harrow travelling too far from home he did venture into and Wealdstone station, with a third crashing into Europe on occasions. His good friends Billy the wreckage minutes later. It was the worst rail Robinson and Karel Istaz tempted him to Japan, accident in history. Three hundred and forty people but he refused all offers to wrestle in America. He were injured and a hundred and twelve died. couldn’t have been an easy man to work with, for Amongst the dead was Billy’s sister, Vera. as Dorothy told us he knew he was the best and refused to let anyone better him. He always told Billy and Edna remained devoted to one another her “If I can lick ‘em, I’ll lick em,” which of course for over fifty years. Together they owned and ran he did. There were some that were genuinely a shop in Swann Street, Wigan. They were rarely afraid and refused to get in the ring with him. For apart until Edna’s death in January, 2000. Billy the most part, however, Billy Joyce was well liked was never to recover from his loss, and he by his colleagues because he was such a lovely himself passed away in September of the same man, and respected because his skill and year, two weeks before his eighty-fourth birthday. knowledge rightfully commanded their respect. Jimmy Hart told us that everyone said he died of He may go to the back of a wrestling fans mind, a broken heart. just like he went to the back of the photograph, but Billy Joyce will never be forgotten. Whilst Edna was his first love, Billy had another love, which was his wrestling. Wrestling was in Billy Joyce is remembered on the website the blood. Brother Joe had introduced him to the catch style whilst Billy was working at the colliery. www.wrestlingheritage.co.uk

12 13 a small payment towards home support or going to the workhouse. Henry Harrison could By R. Evans choose: Help for the (1752/53)“16d pr week and then find yr Child Cloath’s or go to the workhouse Nevertheless throughout the period the minutes regularly record the names of Deserving Poor townspeople who were sent there: (1745/46) “persons ordered for yr workhouse Abraham Harrison workhouse 18th Century Social Security James Throp But not necessarily all the costs were met by Joseph Dixon Do” the overseer: Sometimes reasons are specified such as The 1601 Elizabethan Poor Law Act laid The majority of the townspeople were (1747/48) “Eleanor Harrison haveing broke husbands deserting or being sent to the responsibility on the ratepayers within a uneducated labourers who in many instances her leg is allow’d 10d but they are to pay House of Correction. Richard Cowdall risked community to provide for the welfare of the lacked the means to obtain both the tools the Doctor” poor, the sick, disabled and orphaned or necessary for their trade and the raw materials being sent there when payment was allowed abandoned children. A local rate was levied to work with. To make employment possible Help was also available for those unfortunate for rent owing to Betty Cowdall for and one of the ratepayers chosen to serve as and cards were offered to handloom to have physical disabilities “Houseroom” but “for yr future if he dos not Overseer of the Poor to provide this weavers. Similar assistance was given to, pay as he goes on to go to the workhouse” assistance. Pleas for help were heard at presumably, a nail-maker: (1758/59 “Deaf Jane – 6d aweek Blind Jack 12d pr week but find himself In no way do the records suggest that life in monthly ratepayers meetings. The minutes of the workhouse was unduly harsh. The (1761/62) Hired Thomas Harrison a pair Cloaths these meetings in the township of Atherton response to the behaviour of Thomas Suddoth Bellows between 1731 and 1767 still survive on the perhaps reflects this. From workhouse at 12d pr Quarter or Young children, many orphaned following the first 40 pages of a thick hard-backed book death of mothers or in some cases abandoned Three Shilling for a whole year (1747/48) “Octr 1 Whereas frequent that appears to have been then used for by parents, were either placed in the care of complain has been made against Thos another 50 years to enter a variety of other Even, if in employment, work could be other townspeople or arrangements made to Suddoth & his wife’s behaviour in the miscellaneous records. The following extracts irregular and wages were low, with the result bind them as apprentices. Workhouse Now he certifyrth that for the illustrate the means by which the overseers that income was often still inadequate for future he will behave as becomes an attempted to ease the burden of poverty that basic needs. Each month decisions were made Inhabitant of that house. As witness his hand. was prevalent during this century and at the to pay rents and provide fuel, clothing and Thos Suddoth same time ensure that the ratepayers’ money footwear. The 1743/44 minutes include: was not wasted. His Mark” “Tho’ Hatton’s Wife two Smocks There is also evidence that care was given to The emphasis was on supporting the poor and Allow’d Ten Shillings tow’ds rent for Tho’ Smith spiritual as well as physical welfare. destitute by wherever possible providing the Allow’d Seven Shillings six pence towards means by which they could continue to work Cloathing Robt Charlesson’s blind child “1736 May 6 Lant Rachell Smith a Bible Given to workhouse Shee promising to Return it in their own homes and through their own Civill Hilton two Shillings for tenting At the same meeting it was agreed: efforts earn at least a small income. Those Wadkinson’s Wife back when Calld for By the Town” “also Bound Mary Daughter of Saml Garstang unable to work because of age or disability Allow’d Seven Shillings six pence towards There was no sympathy for the idle or those to Israel Garnet for nine years 21 in hand and were provided with a small weekly payment, John Smiths Rent’s who particularly shirked responsibility for 21s 9th of feby 1760 he to find all and turn agreement for which was granted at the first Betty Cowdall A pr of cards maintaining their families. The overseer had to her out in Cloathing Suitable for Such an meeting in the overseer’s year. Sam Garstang One pound five Shillings justify his expenditure to the ratepayers: towards rent aprentice” A pr of Sheets for Ric’d Carefull’s Wife (1743/44) “Augst 3 every Overseer shall be A Coat for Jn Smith and making” For those unable or unwilling to accept home obliged to bring in an acct of Money receiv’d support the alternative was the workhouse in and money Disburs’d regularly drawn out, so Medical treatment was available for people Pennington where by being given employment that at the Monthly Meeting every Contributor who were sick or had suffered injury and they could contribute to the cost of their shall have Satisfaction to See how much is other township records include many bills and keep. This was not the preferred option and receiv’d, how much disburs’d & what is due to receipts for treatment given by local doctors: the overseer often offered the choice between Ballance, either Dr or Cr”

14 15 Hence the minutes include many decisions where relief was considered totally unjustified HERITAGE EVENTS (1747/48) “May 7 Jn Rowson & Thos Bromiley to have Jn Battersby’s Children at 12d each child the Town to find Cloaths. The Father to The P was for Pauper and A for Atherton. The the House of Correction he refusing to pay overseer’s accounts of that year record 18d Week towards the Children.” payment to John Rider for making these SUMMER ACTIVITIES FAMILY HISTORY badges - 20 at 1d each. Memories of this In the same year James Smith was given an pauper stigma remained long after the Parish FOR FAMILIES WORKSHOP DATES option of either caring for his children or system was replaced as the provider of relief being placed in the workhouse: and served as a deterrent to many who could Why not come and 3rd, 17th September 2008 have been entitled to receive help. join us this summer 1st, 15th, 29th October 2008 “Apl 2d ordered James Smith 12d pr week and for our fun history 26th November 2008 he promises to maintain his Children without Sources and Acknowledgement workshops? 10th December 2008 further Charge of Rent or Clothes or go into All the quotations in this account are from the workhouse” Allowance and Cash Book - TR Ath/C/2/29 in Take that step in time and find Sessions are at 1.30am and 3.00pm and cost the archives in . As the pages out what it was like to be a £2.50 per session. The 1756/57 minutes include: in it are not numbered the location of each wartime evacuee, or why not Please note that if the above dates are inconvenient, extract is identified by the year in which it walk in the footsteps of Lady Jack Hallewell To the House of Correction for we can arrange workshops for other afternoons. occurs either in the text or at the side of each Mabel as we explore the neglect of his Family famous local legend. To book telephone 01942 828128 , or call in at (eg 1744/45) . Thanks are due to the archivist Henry Buckley’s drinking was criticised but The History Shop. and his assistants for making the records Our family activity workshops nevertheless it was agreed to pay his rent: available for study. take place on Wednesdays (754/55) “Henry Buckley Drink less and he will during July and August, and are for parents, VICTORIAN HOLIDAYS have fewer fitts but a quarters rent be pd” grandparents and children aged 4 to 11 years. Take a step back in time and discover how the Similarly help was only available to people Cost £2.00 per child, start at 1.30pm. Victorians spent their holidays. Find out what they with a settlement in Atherton (basically born Booking is essential and places are limited. did for fun, places they visited and how holidays in the township). Those originating from have changed. Take part in a craft activity. To find out more check out us out Suitable for children aged 5-11. Booking essential elsewhere were expected to have a certificate on www.wlct./heritage or telephone contact: 01942 828128 . naming their home township from where they 01942 828128 . should seek relief if they became destitute. A Date: Tuesday 28th October Time: 1.00pm-2.00pm. list was made of such outsiders without SUMMER Price: £2.00 per child. certificates, reflecting the fear that they could Venue: The History Shop, Library Street, Wigan. become an additional burden on the local ACTIVITIES AT ratepayers. TRENCHERFIELD MILL WITCHES & WIZARDS “By Thos Young Mill & Canal Thrill Eye of newt and wing of bat, toe of frog and tail of October 16th 1749 Names of Inmates That rat,come and cast a magic spell, and create some have not Cirtificats – Great fun for all the family. See the mighty engine in spooky tales to tell. Joseph Lives with Nathanial ? steam and enjoy a cotton spinning In your fancy dress you’ll come, to undertake some Robert Kearsley Lives with John Worthington demonstration. Take part in craft activities and a fiendish fun, to make a mask will be your task, then Benjamin Asworth Lives with wm Simonds special canal boat ride! you must do what we ask! John Oaks Lives In Lovers Lane Every Thursday from the 29th July to with widow Hey” Suitable for children aged 5-11. 19th August at 1.00pm and 4.00pm Booking essential contact: 01942 828128 . While the records indicate an element of Price £5.00 children, £3.00 adults, family ticket Dates: Wednesday 29th-Friday 31st October. compassion towards the needs of the poor (4 persons) £14.00. Time: 1.00-3.00pm Price: £3.50 per child. they also make it clear that those who sought Booking is essential, contact 01942 828128 . Venue: The History Shop, Library Street, Wigan. parish relief would be marked out as paupers. This was made clear to everyone within the ALL EVENTS SUITABLE FOR CHILDREN AGED 4-11 YEARS ACCOMPANIED BY AN ADULT. community when in 1743/44 the following PLACES ARE LIMITED , SO BOOKING WITH PRE-PAYMENT IS ESSENTIAL. decision was taken:

16 17 their loved ones, the rescuers Others were soon found. Late lives. Fire swept through slowly made their way in the afternoon of the Wigan Four Feet igniting through clogged roadways, following day, a list naming pockets of gas and thus The Maypole through foul air and dust and the victims was issued. So far causing further explosions. rising temperatures. only seven bodies had been It was then realised that two Breathing became difficult, found and 70 were presumed men were still below ground and with one rescuer showing dead. One man, William in the pumping station. Tom signs of acute distress, the Moore, originally counted as a Morris and James Fox Colliery Disaster party prepared to return to victim, was later located volunteered to go below to the surface. They came across working above ground. He find them. Armed with only by Chris Watts three uninjured men, William had mislaid his tally and had wet cloths for their faces, they Doran, Edward Farrell and not reported the fact. His were lowered down once Richard Fairhurst. The three name would later be added more. Having found the barely This year sees the lone survivors were working in erroneously to the conscious men, they came 100th anniversary the Seven Feet Mine, the rest, commemorative postcard as a back to the surface. of the explosion all 75, were working in the victim. George Melling also at Maypole Four Feet Mine. was found alive and to be on The water pumps were now Colliery, Abram the list of the dead. He too out of action and water was and the loss of Around 9 o’clock that night, had lost his tally. Again he fast filling the tunnels. This Rushton descended No. 2 would be listed, complete continued with further pumps 75 lives. A new shaft again, this time with Mr with photo, on the postcard! being turned off to direct memorial marks Hall, His Majesty’s Inspector of water to areas on fire. The fire the spot on a new Mines, and a rescue party The rescue party was still raged on for four weeks with housing from Garswood. Several bringing bodies to the surface more explosions occurring, the development, hours later they came across when a second explosion last terrible one happening on where once the the first badly charred body. occurred. They ran for their Sunday September 14th. In all sprawling colliery and its attendant paraphernalia once stood.

The damaged ventilating house.

The pit was owned by There were two shafts which The rescue party continued Moss Hall Collieries and gave access to tunnels several but soon encountered rubble employed several hundred hundred feet below ground which blocked the roadway. men. On the morning of the and which in turn connected Having cleared the roadway explosion, Tuesday 18th with adjoining collieries at and been joined by men from August 1908, the Mine Wigan Junction and Wigan Junction, the rescue Manager Mr Arthur Rushton Bickershaw. Rushton got the parties began to move was returning from his under-manager to take a forward. Fortunately, a little holiday. At the Coroner’s rescue party down the shaft at over an hour before the Inquest he said that on Wigan Junction Pit and to explosion the men from the approaching home he heard a enter the Seven Feet Mine that day shift had returned to the low rumble and saw a cloud way. Having done that, surface, leaving only the shot- of dust. He immediately went Rushton got the engineman to firers, firemen and general to the Colliery where he saw knock down the No. 2 pit. maintenance men below. that some of the fan house Minutes later, having got a There were therefore 78 men masonry had been blown signal from the rescue party remaining below. away. The headgear to No. 1 from the Seven Feet Mine, pit was partly demolished and Rushton concluded that the As relatives gathered on the the cage was down below. seam was clear at that point. surface waiting for news of Bringing up the pit ponies.

18 19 Bertha Cunliffe Communion Certificate

Reader Cecilia Hughes has found this First Communion Certificate issued to Bertha Cunliffe on 20th June 1905 at St Mary’s Church Birchley. She is willing to give it to relatives of Bertha. Anyone with information, or if you are a relative of Bertha, please contact the Editor, and your details will be passed to Cecilia Hughes. The funeral of Albert Draper 22.8.1908

it was estimated that 100 not taken. Men had been Sources. million gallons of water were allowed to work where there Wigan Observer August 1908 poured down the shafts. was gas and at the time when The Maypole Colliery Further rescue was out of the shot was being fired. If this Explosion. Coroner’s Inquiry. question as was searching for alone had been observed the Ackers and Macquiban. evidence of the cause of the death toll would have been Mining Disasters original explosion until the two or three instead of 75. John Hannavy and Roy Lewis Heritage water subsided. After starting The Maypole: diary of a an inquest into the deaths of During the week beginning colliery disaster. Open the seven recovered men, the Monday 11th August 2008 Coroner adjourned and later there will be Weekend reconvened the court when it exhibitions in St became obvious that the John’s Church at water level would not go Abram as well as in Saturday 13th and down quickly and bodies the former Abram Sunday 14th would not be recovered in the Library. The week immediate future. The inquest will end with a September 2008 was finally closed on July 8th special service in 1909 after 23 sessions. the church on the Contact 18th followed by a The verdict arrived at was procession to the 01942 death by an explosion caused memorial. For more by a mixture of coal dust and details of the gas, fired by a shot using a celebrations please 828128 permitted explosive but where contact St John’s for further details all reasonable precautions were Vicarage. A rescue team.

20 21 Other features of this specific strain of influenza November and February and the library on one By Yvonne Eckersley included the speed with which death occurred occasion in November 1918. after the first symptoms were identified. Many of the deaths notified occurred often within “a few Local people were not the only casualties. days”. Thus a 21-year old female spinner “died German Prisoners of War interred at Leigh lost on the 4th day of illness” (July 1918) and a 37- four men and in one week in December 1918, year old was “two days ill” (Aug 1918). Also “in there were forty sufferers in hospital. Many local Spanish Flu some cases an attack one day has been followed services were stretched. In February 1919, The Spring 1918 to Spring 1919 in Leigh, Atherton & Tyldesley by death the day after” (Oct 1918). Journal reported that “during the first four days of the week there were 22 internments at Leigh Not surprisingly there was a concerted effort to Cemetery… rather more than the average Tyldesley Chronicle reported that many collapsed at contain and prevent spread of the disease. number” and in July 1918 “owing to an outbreak It was a cruel twist of fate that the work and had to be taken home ill. There were “a National initiatives were applied locally. Educative at the Workhouse visiting has been prohibited”. nations whose armies had been at war good many at Chanters Pits belonging to Messrs pamphlets and posters were produced and Fletcher, Burrows & Co. Ltd.” so affected, circulated. Local schools were closed when the Given the horrendous nature of the Pandemic for four years, and whose populations and “ a number of men at the Bolt works of Messrs disease was at its most dangerous and school one could be forgiven for wondering why it did had suffered from the absence and loss Bullough, Blakemore and Prestwich are off work with children were prevented from attending any not have a higher profile at the time. But on reflection the relative absence of press coverage of their young men, were to experience it” (July 1918) public amusements whilst these closures were in force. These venues, whilst remaining open to as the disease raged, can be interpreted as one The effect of the epidemic on individuals and an epidemic of sickness and death on adults, were required to close for at least a half of degree. The War, with its unprecedented communities was devastating. The human cost was an unprecedented scale. hour interval between performances. This was to horrors naturally dominated the pages of the more hardship, owing to the loss of income, since press. A high priority for the local press was to there was little or no financial support system in allow for the opening of all doors and windows, in an effort to replace the stale air with fresh. report on the War. This included lists and The so called ‘Spanish Flu’ pandemic is reputed to place to help. In many towns and cities public photographs of local war dead. Much space was feeding stations were provided. Locally it was have killed between 50 and 100 million people given to details of rationing as well as the “resolved there was no need at that time” for a The first visitation of the 'Flu’ coincided with the world-wide. The estimate for British deaths is prosecution of those who sought to profit from communal kitchen (May 1918). annual holidays. This was considered a positive 230,000. There were three main visitations of the the War. There were special appeals for money disease, summer 1918, autumn 1918 and spring coincidence insofar as the closure of schools and for war equipment and in particular, reports of 1919. The Leigh Medical Officer of Health, Dr J Clay As so many men were fighting in France, the brunt workplaces was said to have reduced temporarily various charitable efforts to support the soldiers Beckitt, recorded more than 100 deaths. Atherton of the burden of coping with the disease fell on the the effects of the disease. Dr. J Clay Beckitt’s 1918 experienced approaching 100 and Tyldesley female population. The situation for so many report states “a factor which I consider at the front (including one that provided approximately 60. Many hundreds more were became bleak. The local Medical Officers of Health contributed to the moderation of the epidemic cigarettes for soldiers or “Smokes for soldiers”). incapacitated. recognised the tendency of women to become locally, was the school and general holiday falling Winning the War was therefore the priority. exhausted caring for the ill. “The mother, who may just at the beginning”. Although this may have Once the Armistice was signed on the 11th This ‘flu’ did not originate in Spain. It was labelled be suffering herself, feels it incumbent on her to do proved beneficial to the population as a whole, the nursing, with the consequence, sometimes fatal, November 1918, reporting on the wholesale relief ‘Spanish Flu’ (or the Spanish Lady) because Spain, as the tragedy of individual deaths was a neutral country, openly reported its presence at a always harmful” (Atherton Council Minute Book 20th of the people and the joyous celebrations filled compounded by the fact that many people time when the British and Allies’ censors suppressed Feb 1919). the newspapers. The anticipated return of contracted the disease, and even died, whilst on reports in an effort to maintain morale. It is reputed soldiers and the return to normality preoccupied holiday. At a time when holidays at the seaside to have begun in an American training camp, and This encouraged the Councils to provide extra local people and authorities alike. Peace time were still a rare treat this seems particularly cruel. then taken to the trenches. Once there, owing to the nursing care for “the seriously ill who had no one to political campaigning for the 1918 General The Chronicle and the Journal report that in Leigh confined conditions, it spread. From there it was look after them” (Feb 1919). The “services of the Election, which for the first time included the Health Visitor and School Nurse” were thus directed “a twenty-six year old (was) brought home from carried throughout the world and in Britain no doubt, newly enfranchised masses, had as its emphasis a and “two or three home helps” were employed and Blackpool”, and “a twenty-nine year old widow via soldiers returning on leave or invalided home. sense of new beginnings and a better life. placed with families in most need. In one such family died in Blackpool”. In Tyldesley “a number of The disease could not have come at a worse time. every member had the disease. cases (were) brought home from Blackpool and Sources. Nationally and locally medical services were the Isle of Man” and in Atherton a 37-year old The female population suffered most from the Leigh Council Minute books 1918-1919 struggling to cope, as many doctors had been contracted the disease in Blackpool and died a illness. Dr J Clay Beckitt (MOH) asserts in his Special Atherton Council Minute Book 20 Feb 1919 posted to care for wounded soldiers in France, fortnight later. A particular tragedy is the death Report on the Influenza in 1918 that three quarters thus leaving the civilian population short of medical of a 37-year old from Street, who was Leigh Medical Officer of Health’s Report to staff. The Leigh Chronicle reported the strain on of influenza deaths were females between the ages the mother of five children, and whose husband Leigh Council 1918 medical professionals stating they “work from of 15 and 45. Similarly in Wigan and Warrington the had been killed in action. One can only wonder Leigh Atherton and Tyldesley Chronicle morning until late at night with scarcely time for high proportion of female deaths was noted. A what became of the children. The closure of meals” (12th July 1918). dominant feature of the deaths was the age range of Leigh Chronicle its victims. Where normally deaths from influenza local elementary schools and the denial of access Leigh Journal For Britain’s War effort the 'flu’ epidemic resulted in came from the weaker sections of society (elderly, ill to public places of amusement were strategies Leigh, Tyldesley and Atherton Journal great losses of production as factories experienced or young children) the overwhelming numbers of employed during all three visitations. However, huge staff shortages. The Leigh, Atherton and deaths were among young, fit people. Leigh Grammar School was closed just twice, in

22 23 Jane Austen, by contrast, Hampshire, where When she was a child, Jane lived in genteel poverty, but agricultural practices were amused herself by writing she could at least claim slow to change. Yet they fictional entries in her distinguished relations on her had much in common. Both clergyman father’s marriage mother’s side. As well as were Tories in their politics, register, with herself as the Jane Austen being related to the Barons staunch Anglicans in their bride and various other Leigh of Stoneleigh, she was religion, and both were imaginary men as the grooms. By Bob also related to the Dukes of highly educated. Perhaps we may allow Blakeman and a Wigan M.P. Chandos. Mrs Austen ourselves a similar flight of believed Robert Holt Leigh to However, nothing came of fancy, and imagine what be a very distant relation, but their meeting. Neither Jane would have happened if Jane this is questionable. It has nor Robert Holt Leigh ever had married Robert Holt Leigh. At the end of July 1806, Mrs While the Rev. Thomas and political life of the Wigan been both asserted and married, although later in Well, she would have lived at Austen and her two his lawyer were busy with district for decades: the Holts denied by various authorities life Robert Holt Leigh had Hindley Hall, mixed with the unmarried daughters legal matters, the Austens and the Leighs. that they were both an illegitimate son. (Jane best of Lancashire society, and, Cassandra and the future took the opportunity to descended from Hamon de would not have been who knows, perhaps written a novelist, Jane, set out to visit explore the mansion. Originally the wealth of these Legh, who was lord of a impressed by that!) novel set in Wigan! Mrs Austen’s cousin, the Rev. Artistically this was a two families was derived moiety of High Legh, Thomas Leigh, Rector of profitable time for Jane: she from agricultural land, but , in the time of Adlestrop in Gloucestershire. used Stoneleigh Abbey as the with the coming of the Henry II. They arrived at the rectory to basis for Sotherton Court in they find the household in a state her novel Mansfield Park. became involved in canal- It has been suggested by of excitement. The Rev. building, coalmining and iron one of Jane’s biographers Thomas had recently been During the next few days founding. Robert Holt Leigh’s that Mrs Austen encouraged informed that he, his various other friends and paternal grandfather, Jane to “set her cap” at nephew James Leigh, and relations arrived at Alexander Leigh, and his Robert Holt Leigh. Although another relative James Leigh Stoneleigh. On 12th August business partner Robert Holt there is no documentary Perrot, had all been left an they were joined at dinner by were instrumental in the evidence for this, it is a interest in a very valuable Robert Holt Leigh, at that construction of the Douglas reasonable assumption. Like property, the owner of which time a Member of Parliament Navigation, a forerunner of Mrs Bennett in Jane’s novel had recently died. This for Wigan, who entertained the Leeds and Liverpool Pride and Prejudice, Mrs property was Stoneleigh them all with his lively Canal. Alexander Leigh Austen had daughters she Abbey, a Palladian mansion conversation, which he married Robert Holt’s wanted to marry off; and set in thousands of acres of peppered with classical daughter, and their son Holt there was Jane, at thirty fertile land on the banks of quotations, as was his habit. Leigh inherited Whitely Hall, years of age past her sell-by the River Avon in (This would have impressed Wigan, the home of one date on the marriage Warwickshire. Jane as she valued academic branch of the Holt Family. He market, sitting opposite a learning highly). He was a purchased Hindley Hall, single man, older than The Rev. Thomas was soon to friend of James Leigh, and Aspull; acquired the manors herself and in “possession receive a letter from his was at Stoneleigh of Orrell and Billinge, and of a good fortune.” lawyer, Mr Hill, to state that presumably to keep an eye bought land in Heath he and his wife would be on his friend’s interests. In a Carnock. His son Robert Holt At first glance the couple arriving at the rectory on 4 letter Mrs Austen described Leigh continued to expand would appear to have little August, and that they him as, “a single man, the the family estates. He in common. Robert Holt needed to go to Stoneleigh wrong side of forty; chatty demolished the old Hindley Leigh was an industrialist directly on business and well bred, and has a Hall, built the present one to and entrepreneur from concerning his inheritance. large Estate.” his own design and resided Lancashire, a region that there. He was active in was at the forefront of Naturally the Austens were Robert Holt Leigh was the politics, and represented technological change; invited to accompany the product of two powerful Wigan in Parliament from whereas Jane was the party, and in due course they families that had virtually 1802 to 1820. He was made daughter of a clergyman arrived at Stoneleigh. controlled the economic and baronet in 1815. and lived in rural

24 25 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

EDITOR'S NOTE: THIS IS THE SECOND INSTALLMENT The power of the community bread and cakes and pies; and of course, Do you remember before the demolition men custard, blancmange and jelly. After tea we OF MR DAKIN'S MEMORIES, SEE THE FIRST IN ISSUE 48 Do you moved in, and whole communities had to went back outside playing street games until move out? I do. I was born and bred in a part dusk; followed by a thorough scrub-down at of Wigan where trust, compassion, and the slop stone, then up the wooden hill to bed. By Mr comradeship went hand in hand, when a knock How can you ever forget where you where on a neighbour’s front door didn’t warrant an born and bred, where neighbours loved, cried, E Dakin answer, you lifted the latch, walked right in, sat laughed, married and died. Remember? down, accepted a cup of tea, and had a good A Christmas Prediction natter. Where are they now, these friends and She who must be obeyed! tribulations, Paddy on the piano, Harry tenor And I remember a snuff taking mystic neighbours? Scattered like seeds on barren Although most husbands would never admit to solo and Mavis soprano. My mate Billy was the neighbour who read tea leaves. Legend has it ground, pressing TV remotes and remembering it, the woman of the house was in sole charge of finest accordionist for miles around. Every that she once made a prediction that the the past. the purse strings. Every Friday night he would Saturday night, I, his friend for life, played an husband of one of her clients would lose a leg. hand over his pay packet, important role in this world Remembering those carefree Sunday, childhood That Christmas Eve, that same woman sent her and expect very little in of entertainment. In jaunts along the canal to Gathurst, armed to husband to do some Christmas shopping, with return. Perhaps an odd between satisfying drinks the teeth with jam butties and bottles of tap strict instructions to buy a nice piece of lamb. shilling for a pint and a of lovely complimentary water, I can see those breadcrumbs floating And doing what comes naturally to most men packet of woodbines, but beer, I would strenuously around in those bottles. Then came the walk at Christmas time, he nipped into The Three there was always money turn the pages of his home, sun-tanned, tired and starving of Crowns pub, had one too many, and left all his put to one side for the rent music, while Billy, down to hunger; to be greeted with mouth-watering shopping, including a nice leg of lamb in the collector, Christmas club, his shirt sleeves, and tie aromas of mam’s scrumptious homemade snug. He never did get that leg back! and other necessities. undone, rattled out all the favourite tunes of the day That’s entertainment ‘Danny Boy’, ‘Just a Song There were enough silver Wigan Hippodrome at Twilight’, ‘Bless this screens in Wigan’s town House’ and many others. centre alone to keep everybody more than happy. When time was called there was always a finale The Ritz, County, Pavilion, and the Palace, gave us of singsongs. Finally, on the way home, a call for hours of pleasure - matinees and evening shows, fish and chips followed by some raucous street ? six days a week, every week. Just for a change, singing, then home to bed. What a night! there was our very own music-hall, the Hippodrome. With a wide range of acts, from The clothes of the day real drama to farce, you couldn’t go wrong, all These were the hard times of ‘make do and mend’. honest to goodness entertainment; and not a Nothing was thrown away unless it was completely single Anglo-Saxon obscenity to be heard. useless. Clothes were worn to the extreme, and always neatly patched and sewn to extend wear. What about the cigarette smoke in these places? Children’s clothing was passed down to the next in Nearly everyone smoked, especially men. The line, until it finally became too shoddy to wear. If swirl and drift of expelled smoke was you were lucky enough to wear something new, everywhere. They must have had fantastic like shoes or a jacket, there was always a flippant ventilation. Smoking in those days was the observation to be endured. “Now, mate, what working man’s drug. It helped him to relax and shop did you break into?” Or, if it was something take brief respite from the toils and troubles of that didn’t suit some wearer who was passing by struggle, especially while watching a good film “Look at ‘ere, shop must ‘ave been giving them or having a pint. away for free” It was all said without malice or I will never forget that place of refuge, The Three intent; in days when folk wanted things they Crowns, where local entertainers helped us if couldn’t have, but didn’t give a damn, and just got only for a short while to forget our trials and on with living the best way they could.

26 27 YOUR LETTERS

Roy Crabtree Council Chairman. They spoke to Harry Glover born in 1892, at Billinge Road, to Wigan. For some years he I do not know when the the teacher and I was ushered Pemberton. He attended St lived in the Wallgate area. He photograph was taken, but my Dear Editor out to an awaiting car which Dear Editor Cuthbert’s RC School until the married and started a family. He guess would be 1937; contained my piano accordion in age of 12 . This was the only was employed at Pemberton Coronation year. The wearing of During the last War I attended the boot. It was explained to me Having been out of touch with formal education he received. Colliery as a miner until 1925. medals by the Brigade suggests Ince Rose Bridge Secondary on the way to Ince Public Hall my native Wigan for some years No information has been a ceremonial rather than Modern School and left at the that a company of American I was interested recently to available concerning his In that year he secured operational event. That year, as age of 14 with a letter of soldiers had booked the hall for receive a subscription to ‘Past employment on leaving school. employment as a labourer at I remember, was filled with recommendation from the the evening and the American Forward’ from my brother, Jack However, what is known is that Wigan Electricity Works, where rallies, parades, fetes etc. The Headmaster, Mr F Staveley, to dance band had failed to arrive. Glover, who lives in Gidlow at the age of 15 , he was he spent the remainder of his Wigan Grammar School, newly my first employers. Lane, Wigan. working life. Always a man I remember it as though it was orphaned and homeless; his built, was opened. I became a with a strong sense of public I took my place at the Wigan Coal yesterday, entering the hall, older siblings having left home pupil there at age eleven . It was duty, he spent much of his time Corporation offices at Kirkless, seeing about 200 soldiers, and some years earlier. Such welfare a memorable year. in what he perceived as New Springs. Kirkless was the may be as many young ladies authorities that existed at that contributing to the welfare of When my father died, he owned hub of the Corporation’s coal (some local), and making my time allocated him a place for others. His membership of the nothing of value to bequeath, industry, which included way up to the hall stage. There training at sea. The ship owners, Ambulance Brigade is one and , perhaps the most fitting engineers’ fitting shops, stores was a man with a saxophone, a Booth Line of Liverpool, agreed example. It ought to be testament to his life is that he and all the main offices with man with a violin and a young to employ him on the S.S. Basil, remembered that that those overcame a disadvantaged many departments from wages lady at the piano, who I knew as a cargo vessel on the South were the years before the NHS , beginning to live a life of selfless to coal sales. I was the boy Dorothy Rawson (her father had American trade run. The Basil and people had no recourse to endeavour, bringing benefits to assistant in the porter’s lodge a grocer’s store opposite St visited Brazil and Peru via the Accident and Emergency others he met along the way. delivering correspondence to all William’s Church). There was Amazon, then on to Mexico and Departments. Brigade members That is the ‘picture ’ of the man departments. I remember on the also a young American soldier the USA. Finally, they collected a gave their service free of in the photograph. day of the board meetings sitting behind a drum kit. I cargo of cotton in Galveston, charge. They were required to waiting at the main office remember his words to this day Texas to take back to Liverpool, Mr Harry Glover fund their own equipment by entrance for the arrival of Lord that he said to me, “Hi, My where the crew where then Saddleworth way of antiseptics, bandages Crawford, Earl of Balcarres, who name is Hal, what’s yours?” ‘paid off’. Now 17 years old and and the like, for which they was the Chairman of the Board, I My attention was attracted in homeless, he joined the Royal We somehow got through the received no reimbursement. would open his car door and carry evening, playing the tunes of Issue 48 by the photograph of Navy as a Boy Seaman. He was Beech Hill his briefcase to the boardroom. the day and they danced, they St. John’s Ambulance Brigade, to remain in the Service for In the years between the wars sang and they drank their sent in by Mrs M J Vizard. In eleven years, travelling to many he became very active in the Dear Editor It was expected of my age drinks. Every time I think of the the picture I identified one of parts of the world. charity side of the British group that we should attend Thank you for your wonderful film “Saving Private Ryan” I think the persons in the group as my Legion, acting as Secretary, and evening school classes for In the war which was soon to magazine Past Forward. It was of these soldiers, and especially father, Harry Glover. He can be member of its Benevolent further education - I still have follow, the S.S. Basil fell victim given to me from my sister-in- Hal, and wonder how many of seen as the only subject who Committee in Wigan. In spite of my certificates for bookkeeping, to a German torpedo in the law while she was visiting me in them returned home. My father wears the full set of three Great these commitments he shorthand and arithmetic. I had English Channel. Its cargo of Melbourne. I was born in told me later that they were to War medals. The existence this somehow found time to begun to have piano lessons at munitions destined for the Wigan, my dad was a miner be in the first draft onto the photograph was unknown to support Trade Union activities, the age of 11 and, by age 14, British Army in Flanders was and mam worked in the cotton beaches of Normandy on D Day. me and other family members, and for some years was Wigan was able to appear on concerts lost together with its crew. My mills. It was really hard. My Dad although we were aware of the Secretary of the T.G.W.U. for the War effort, playing the After playing at this function, father served the entire war at died at 53 years old and for my Ambulance brigade. Always with an interest in local piano accordion. this was the start of my days as sea and was involved in several mam a young woman of only a dance band leader for the next I have never had an interest in engagements, notably in May politics, he was elected as a 40 years - quite a shock. At the age of 15, during one of 23 years in and around Wigan, family history but this 1916, when he took part in the member of Wigan Town Council my evening classes, the but that is another story photograph aroused curiosity Battle of Jutland when serving after the end of the Second But my story is not about my classroom door opened and in for more details about my in HMS Revenge. After the end World War. He remained a parents , its what can happen to came my father, accompanied Roy Crabtree father ’s background . After some of hostilities he came out of the Councillor until his death in everyday people, like my by Mr Tom Barnes, the Ince Llandudno research , I found that he was Navy in 1919, returning as ever 1962 at the age of 70 . husband and myself. Terry and

28 29 YOUR LETTERS

I were married in 1965 and eventually pumping concrete My brother Tommy also went the marriage Dad, between from Manchester. Both of us coming from the background to cap it. My solicitor said to Spring View many years you and Liza”. The world are crazy for the Wigan fish we did, it was hard to buy your when it was finished ‘you can before me. He is now 86 and became a blur after that but I and chips (and mushy peas!). own home, but we decided to build Blackpool Tower on that’ thankfully very well. He lives in married Liza. Liza was a ballet I am told to ask for potato save hard and go for it. I was but it never felt the same after Hindley and no better brother dancer over 50 years ago and and meat’ pies for I have to be 20 years old and Terry was 24 all that. could a man have. As a result is Greek. In the photo we are in line with the British masters and we both worked in Wigan, of my letter I also was both 71. Liza was known to in Belgium. Terry at the Gas Board and I It just shows you, you never contacted by Rick Fernay who friends and family for over 35 was at Plessey’s. know what is in your future. knew Tommy in their days at years and especially to Ve. God’s truth, Mr Hayes - I have now lived in Melbourne Spring View. Rick is well and I would turn in his grave at We bought a bungalow in for 28 years and we all love receive many e-mails from him. We now spend time between such stupidity! Martland Crescent, Beech Hill, it, but my heart will always be Sometimes I can even smell the Johannesburg, Capetown and a lovely new house. It cost in Wigan. fish and chips from Rudge’s Athens and visit Wigan as Roy Winnard £2,075 pounds and we had to Fish and Chip shop along often as possible. We are Johannesburg, save £500 which was hard but Mrs Margaret Ward Warrington Road when a leaving for Athens and the South Africa we scrimped and did it. The Melbourne, Wigan contact comes into my to say goodbye to Liza, who States in June and will be in house was on a new estate Australia ‘In box’. was returning to Greece the Wigan later in July before which was on, what we following day “Let me arrange returning home via Athens thought originally, apple Spring View School I have been in Africa now for orchards. We loved the place 44 years and was Managing and enjoyed the Beech Tree Dear Editor Director and Chief Chemist for Pub, our local. a large South African I was born in Lower Ince and Pharmaceutical Company until We settled in nicely and I was went to Spring View School I started our own medical expecting my first child. I was during the 1940s. manufacturing company eight months pregnant, when over 26 years ago. John , my Following the printing of a two well dressed business son , now runs the company previous letter in Past Forward men visited us, to tell us they although I am still around I am now in regular contact were from the Coal Board. A if needed. bulldozer on the estate had with many school day friends. sunk, where it was working, What a wonderful time we had I hope one or two who read into the ground. Something at Spring View and what talent this will remember Veronica was wrong , and they were came out of the school. All of Maxwell of the off license on telling us that what we the boys that I have now been Warrington Road. We were thought was orchards , was a in contact with - and some I married for 47 years after a mine-working over 300 years have met during visits back to courtship which started old. The plans were very bad Wigan - were level headed and when we were 14. I was and so that was a shock, as have gone through life in the blessed to have had such a the shaft could be under our same way - wonderful people wonderful wife as Ve for so house. We had to move out such as Syd Berry, Graham many years. Sadly she died of and lived with mam as they Worthington, Albert Short and cancer in 2003. drilled underneath the house many more . and the shaft was under the I had no intention of marrying Did they spare the rod? Not a lounge room - what a thrill! again but fate stepped in and chance, nor did we resent it. through the intercession of my They finally worked on the Spring View was not for sissies , daughter in Cambridge, who property for eight weeks was it chaps? said to Liza and I during a meal

30 31 VIEWS OF LEIGH SOCIETY NEWS

Wigan Civic Trust 2008 Leigh & District Family History Society Meetings are held on the second Monday of the month at 7.30pm. The venue is Drumcroon, Chairman: Tel 01942 743428 2 Parsons Walk, Wigan. Contact Mr. A Grimshaw on Secretary: Tel 01942 729559 01942 245777 for further information. Monthly meetings held in the Derby Room of Leigh July – No meeting, summer break. Library at 7.30pm on the third Tuesday of each month. August – No meeting, summer break. Weekly Help Desk run by members of the Society each September 8th Monday from 1.30pm to 3.30pm in the Local History A History of the beginnings of Wigan Infirmary. Section of Leigh Library. Speaker Mrs B Lythgoe. August 19th October 8th Getting Started. The Leeds, Liverpool Canal in the Wigan Area. September 16th Westleigh Mill, Wigan Road Speaker Mr T Lucas. The Liverpool Scottish Regiment. Speaker Ian Riley. November 10th October 21st Annual Dinner. Members Help Evening. Bridge Street, Leigh, Pied Bull & Brown Cow December 8th November 18th Women and Children in the Mines. Vicars and Scoundrels. Speaker Jenny Todhunter. Speaker Mr A Davies. December 16th If any of these topics interest you, or you have an Quarter Session Records. Speaker Dr Alan Crosby. interest in the standard of planning and architecture, and the conservation of buildings and structures in our historic town, come along and meet us. If you have any problem with the proposed entry, please do not hesitate to call me, George Hollingsworth on 01942 244876 for and on behalf of Wigan Civic Trust.

Illuminated Tram Car 1907 Atherton Heritage Society

AUTUMN PROGRAMME 2008 August 12th 600 miles down the Nile. Speaker Alan Hayhurst. September 9th Cheethams Library. Speaker Dr. Michael Powell. October 14th Annual General Meeting followed by Henry Hacking Beats the Hangman. Speaker Bill Taylor. Please note - 7.00pm start. All meetings are held in St Richards Jubilee Hall, Mayfield Street, Atherton at 7.30pm on the second Tuesday of the month. Admission - members £1.00. Non Members £1.50. Refreshments included. Plank Lane 1909

32 33 CAN YOU HELP? Pigeon Power by Austin Lyons

we dug up a few feet of earth and As we grew older we took different gently planted the French marigold. paths, Tom followed his father into “When I was a the mines and I into the In the next few weeks, we made ramifications of professional Gathurst Swing Boats lad,” as old men several visits to the Pen and were photography. Shortly after World surprised at the plants rapid War II, when things had generally Dear Editor, are wont to say, as growth, buds were already normalised, I found myself covering appearing. Then came the long in their dotage, a story of a retired miner’s I wonder if any of your readers summer holidays and in between gardening success, winning first remember the swing boats at Gathurst the usual football games and they amble down prize with his allotment in Liverpool ‘Cowboys and Indians,’ we would and if they have any information about Road, Hindley. He attributed his the years back to sneak into the Pen daily to inspect them. When did they start and finish success to the fact that when he our plant’s progress. To our first took over his allotment, the and who owned them? There was a their younger days surprise, it was now in full bloom whole area was a mass of cinders. stall selling pop and teas. People used and had grown twice the size of to tell a story-here He had already removed these and to walk to Gathurst or go on the train the other French marigolds we had dug up the soil, he thought the seen in other gardens. As the (if they could afford it). is one of mine . cinders might have helped in holiday weeks passed so did the draining the area. What I noticed at plant increase in size, it was now I am sure one of your readers will have It would be around 1928, my old the time was how exceptionally tall several feet high. some information. school pal was Tom Jackson and we all his flowers were. I took my both attended St. Benedict’s School Meanwhile, the usual activity of the photographs which made a good The attached photograph shows my on Market Street, Hindley. We lived pigeon fanciers continued at the picture-story for the local sister enjoying a day out at Gathurst only a short distance from each other end of the Pen. Men were newspaper. It was sometime later, other in the vicinity of Argyle constantly going out with their just by a chance remark, that I with the swing boats in the Street. The two of us were very pigeon boxes to a fixed distant discovered, that some years earlier, background c. 1939-40. interested in gardening. I had a point, whilst others remained in the this allotment had been used by small one in our backyard, but Pen to time the released pigeon’s some pigeon fanciers, then ‘the Frank Atherton Tom’s house lacked this facility. One arrival back home, using specially penny dropped’. His prize-winning Aspull day, as we met after school, I made match-clocks. None of these garden, had, during that time been noticed that Tom was sporting a men gave a second glance at our well peppered with pigeon penny, probably earned for running giant plant as they came in and out droppings, hence his 'very tall’ an errand for someone. At his of the Pen. flowers. Not long after this P. W. Davies suggestion, we set off to revelation, I was walking along Southam’s Garden Nursery in Their activity was known as ‘pigeon Francis Street, Hindley and had to Dear Editor, Hindley’s Raynor Park, top see if we tossing’ these dedicated fanciers pass Tom’s old pigeon pen. It was could buy a plant. Tom came away had their own technique as to the no longer used as previously, as Recently, whilst walking the footpath best way to launch their birds into carrying a small French marigold Tom’s father had died some years from the Harrow Inn, just outside carefully wrapped in a newspaper. the air. The action was similar to earlier. The present occupier had Golborne, to Virdir Wood, I came We hurried to his father’s ‘Pen’ an that of an ‘over-arm’ cricket bowler, dug up the whole of the pen area allotment used to house a flock of with the bird held firmly in the and planted a grove of dahlias. across a memorial stone to P. W. Davies homing pigeons. In the far right hand and- the arm is flung There they were row after row of and became curious as to who he corner, away from the back and then thrust forward at beautiful blooms but was and why he should have a speed, almost throwing the noisy activity of the ‘extraordinarily tall’ yet healthy in memorial stone at this point. Can you birds fluttering around pigeon into the air. The bird appearance. Even the small-headed or any of your readers shed any light their specially would then usually make a ones had assumed a giant stature. designed cotes, brief circuit of the area, Just for a moment, in memory, I on the matter? before hopefully heading was back there again with Tom, back home. looking through the fence at the Arthur Jones Tom and I, one day, having been to exact spot, where we had planted Ashton in Makerfield the shop on Chapel Green to buy our French marigold. The corn feed for the pigeons, noticed a realisation, the story had come full- poster advertising the local Flower circle, hadn’t Tom’s gigantic French Show at Hindley Public Hall, and set marigold, along with all these Have you a family or local history If there are no contact details with lovely dahlias, been fed with the about questioning whether our query you think our readers can help individual letters, please send information plant could win a prize at the same fertiliser, pigeon droppings? event, such was our boyish Some would call it ‘Pigeon Power’ you with? Please write to the editor. to the Editor, and it will be forwarded. Editor confidence at the time.

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