Lessons on Evolution from the Study of Edaphic Specialization
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Conceptual Barriers to Progress Within Evolutionary Biology
Found Sci (2009) 14:195–216 DOI 10.1007/s10699-008-9153-8 Conceptual Barriers to Progress Within Evolutionary Biology Kevin N. Laland · John Odling-Smee · Marcus W. Feldman · Jeremy Kendal Published online: 26 November 2008 © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008 Abstract In spite of its success, Neo-Darwinism is faced with major conceptual barriers to further progress, deriving directly from its metaphysical foundations. Most importantly, neo- Darwinism fails to recognize a fundamental cause of evolutionary change, “niche construc- tion”. This failure restricts the generality of evolutionary theory, and introduces inaccuracies. It also hinders the integration of evolutionary biology with neighbouring disciplines, includ- ing ecosystem ecology, developmental biology, and the human sciences. Ecology is forced to become a divided discipline, developmental biology is stubbornly difficult to reconcile with evolutionary theory, and the majority of biologists and social scientists are still unhappy with evolutionary accounts of human behaviour. The incorporation of niche construction as both a cause and a product of evolution removes these disciplinary boundaries while greatly generalizing the explanatory power of evolutionary theory. Keywords Niche construction · Evolutionary biology · Ecological inheritance · Ecosystem ecology · Developmental biology 1 Introduction On the face of it, evolutionary biology is a thriving discipline: It is built on the solid theoret- ical foundations of mathematical population biology; it has a rich and productive empirical K. N. Laland (B) School of Biology, University of St. Andrews, Bute Building, Queens Terrace, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9TS, UK e-mail: [email protected] J. Odling-Smee Mansfield College, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TF, UK M. -
"National List of Vascular Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands: 1996 National Summary."
Intro 1996 National List of Vascular Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands The Fish and Wildlife Service has prepared a National List of Vascular Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands: 1996 National Summary (1996 National List). The 1996 National List is a draft revision of the National List of Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands: 1988 National Summary (Reed 1988) (1988 National List). The 1996 National List is provided to encourage additional public review and comments on the draft regional wetland indicator assignments. The 1996 National List reflects a significant amount of new information that has become available since 1988 on the wetland affinity of vascular plants. This new information has resulted from the extensive use of the 1988 National List in the field by individuals involved in wetland and other resource inventories, wetland identification and delineation, and wetland research. Interim Regional Interagency Review Panel (Regional Panel) changes in indicator status as well as additions and deletions to the 1988 National List were documented in Regional supplements. The National List was originally developed as an appendix to the Classification of Wetlands and Deepwater Habitats of the United States (Cowardin et al.1979) to aid in the consistent application of this classification system for wetlands in the field.. The 1996 National List also was developed to aid in determining the presence of hydrophytic vegetation in the Clean Water Act Section 404 wetland regulatory program and in the implementation of the swampbuster provisions of the Food Security Act. While not required by law or regulation, the Fish and Wildlife Service is making the 1996 National List available for review and comment. -
Tomo Kahni State Historic Park Tour Notes – Flora
Tomo Kahni State Historic Park Tour Notes – Flora Version 3.0 April 2019 Compiled by: Georgette Theotig Cynthia Waldman Tech Support: Jeanne Hamrick Plant List by Color - 1 Page Common Name Genus/Species Family Kawaisuu Name White Flowers 6 White Fiesta Flower Pholistoma membranaceum Borage (Boraginaceae) kaawanavi 6 Seaside Heliotrope Heliotropium curassavicum Borage (Boraginaceae) 6 California Manroot Marah fabacea Cucumber (Cucurbitaceae) parivibi 7 Stinging Nettles Urtica dioica Goosefoot (Urticaceae) kwichizi ataa (Bad Plate) 7 White Whorl Lupine Lupinus microcarpus var. densiflorus Legume/Pea (Fabaceae) 7 Mariposa Lily (white) Calochortus venustus Lily (Liliaceae) 7 Mariposa Lily (pinkish-white) Calochortus invenustus Lily (Liliaceae) 8 Wild Tobacco Nicotiana quadrivalvis Nightshade (Solanaceae) Soo n di 8 Wild Celery Apium graveolens Parsley (Umbelliferae) n/a Bigelow’s Linanthus Linanthus bigelovii Phlox (Polemoniaceae) 8 Linanthus Phlox Phlox (Polemoniaceae) 8 Evening Snow Linanthus dichotomus Phlox (Polemoniaceae) tutuvinivi 9 Miner’s Lettuce Claytonia perfoliata Miner’s Lettuce (Montiaceae) Uutuk a ribi 9 Thyme-leaf Spurge (aka Thyme-leaf Sandmat) Euphorbia serpyllifolia Spurge (Euphorbiaceae) tivi kagivi 9 Pale Yellow Layia Layia heterotricha Sunflower (Asteraceae) 9 Tidy Tips Layia glandulosa Sunflower (Asteraceae) April 8, 2019 Tomo Kahni Flora – Tour Notes Page 1 Plant List by Color – 2 Page Common Name Genus/Species Family Kawaisuu Name Yellow Flowers 10 Fiddleneck Amsinckia tessellata Borage (Boraginaceae) tiva nibi 10 -
Tc Balikesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri
T.C. BALIKESİR ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ BİYOLOJİ ANABİLİM DALI TÜRKİYE’DE YETİŞEN INULA L. (ASTERACEAE) TÜRLERİNİN MOLEKÜLER SİSTEMATİK ANALİZİ VE EKOLOJİSİ DOKTORA TEZİ EMRE SEVİNDİK BALIKESİR, MAYIS - 2014 T.C. BALIKESİR ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ BİYOLOJİ ANABİLİM DALI TÜRKİYE’DE YETİŞEN INULA L. (ASTERACEAE) TÜRLERİNİN MOLEKÜLER SİSTEMATİK ANALİZİ VE EKOLOJİSİ DOKTORA TEZİ EMRE SEVİNDİK BALIKESİR, MAYIS - 2014 KABUL VE ONAY SAYFASI EMRE SEVİNDİK tarafından hazırlanan “TÜRKİYE’DE YETİŞEN INULA L. (ASTERACEAE) TÜRLERİNİN MOLEKÜLER SİSTEMATİK ANALİZİ VE EKOLOJİSİ” adlı tez çalışmasının savunma sınavı 02.05.2014 tarihinde yapılmış olup aşağıda verilen jüri tarafından oy birliği / oy çokluğu ile Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı Doktora Tezi olarak kabul edilmiştir. Jüri Üyeleri İmza Danışman Yard.Doç.Dr. Fatih COŞKUN Üye Prof.Dr. Gülendam TÜMEN ............ Üye Prof.Dr. Ali ÇELİK ................ Üye Prof.Dr. Ahmet DURAN ................ Üye Doç.Dr. Ekrem DÜNDAR .................. Jüri üyeleri tarafından kabul edilmiş olan bu tez BAÜ Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Yönetim Kurulunca onanmıştır. Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Müdürü Prof. Dr. Cihan ÖZGÜR ............................................. Bu tez çalışması Balıkesir Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeler Birimi tarafından BAP 2013/92 nolu proje ile desteklenmiştir. ÖZET TÜRKİYE’DE YETİŞEN INULA L. (ASTERACEAE) TÜRLERİNİN MOLEKÜLER SİSTEMATİK ANALİZİ VE EKOLOJİSİ DOKTORA TEZİ EMRE SEVİNDİK BALIKESİR ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ -
The Vascular Plants of Massachusetts
The Vascular Plants of Massachusetts: The Vascular Plants of Massachusetts: A County Checklist • First Revision Melissa Dow Cullina, Bryan Connolly, Bruce Sorrie and Paul Somers Somers Bruce Sorrie and Paul Connolly, Bryan Cullina, Melissa Dow Revision • First A County Checklist Plants of Massachusetts: Vascular The A County Checklist First Revision Melissa Dow Cullina, Bryan Connolly, Bruce Sorrie and Paul Somers Massachusetts Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program The Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program (NHESP), part of the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, is one of the programs forming the Natural Heritage network. NHESP is responsible for the conservation and protection of hundreds of species that are not hunted, fished, trapped, or commercially harvested in the state. The Program's highest priority is protecting the 176 species of vertebrate and invertebrate animals and 259 species of native plants that are officially listed as Endangered, Threatened or of Special Concern in Massachusetts. Endangered species conservation in Massachusetts depends on you! A major source of funding for the protection of rare and endangered species comes from voluntary donations on state income tax forms. Contributions go to the Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Fund, which provides a portion of the operating budget for the Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program. NHESP protects rare species through biological inventory, -
A Biographical Index of British and Irish Botanists
L Biographical Index of British and Irish Botanists. TTTEN & BOULGER, A BIOaEAPHICAL INDEX OF BKITISH AND IRISH BOTANISTS. BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX OF BRITISH AND IRISH BOTANISTS COMPILED BY JAMES BEITTEN, F.L.S. SENIOR ASSISTANT, DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY, BBITISH MUSEUM AKD G. S. BOULGEE, E.L. S., F. G. S. PROFESSOR OF BOTANY, CITY OF LONDON COLLEGE LONDON WEST, NEWMAN & CO 54 HATTON GARDEN 1893 LONDON PRINTED BY WEST, NEWMAN AND HATTON GAEDEN PEEFACE. A FEW words of explanation as to the object and scope of this Index may fitly appear as an introduction to the work. It is intended mainly as a guide to further information, and not as a bibliography or biography. We have been liberal in including all who have in any way contributed to the literature of Botany, who have made scientific collections of plants, or have otherwise assisted directly in the progress of Botany, exclusive of pure Horticulture. We have not, as a rule, included those who were merely patrons of workers, or those known only as contributing small details to a local Flora. Where known, the name is followed by the years of birth and death, which, when uncertain, are marked with a ? or c. [circa) ; or merely approximate dates of "flourishing" are given. Then follows the place and day of bu'th and death, and the place of burial ; a brief indication of social position or occupation, espe- cially in the cases of artisan botanists and of professional collectors; chief university degrees, or other titles or offices held, and dates of election to the Linnean and Eoyal Societies. -
Jesse D. Hollister
Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Stony Brook University [email protected] Jesse D. Hollister Education 2009 Ph.D. Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine 2003 B.A. Biology, Sonoma State University Professional Experience Jan. 2015- Assistant Professor, Dept. of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Stony Brook University 2012-2014 Postdoctoral Fellow, Dept. of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto. Advisors: Stephen Wright, Marc Johnson 2009-2011 Postdoctoral Fellow, Dept. of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University. Advisor: Kirsten Bomblies Publications 13. Hollister, J.D. 2014. Polyploidy: adaptation to the genomic environment. New Phytologist. DOI: 10.1111/nph.12942 12. Hough, J., J.D. Hollister, W. Wang, S.C.H. Barrett, and S.I Wright. 2014. Genetic degeneration of old and young Y chromosomes in the flowering plant Rumex hastatulus. PNAS. 111(21): 7713-7718. 11. Hollister, J.D. 2014. Genomic variation in Arabidopsis: tools and insights from next generation sequencing. Chromosome Research. 1-13. 10. Yant, L. *, J.D. Hollister*, K. Wright, B. Arnold, J. Higgins, F. C. Franklin, and K. Bomblies. 2013. Meiotic adaptation to a genome-doubled state in Arabidopsis arenosa. Curr. Biol. 23(21): R961-63 *Co-first Authors 9. Hollister, J.D., B. Arnold, E. Svedin, K. Xue, B. Dilkes, and K. Bomblies. 2012. Genetic adaptation associated with genome doubling in autotetraploid Arabidopsis arenosa. PLoS Genet. 8(12), e1003093 8. B.C. Hunter, J. D. Hollister, and K. Bomblies. 2012. Epigenetic inheritance: what news for evolution? Curr. Biol. 22(2): R54-55. 7. Hollister, J.D., L. Smith, Y. Guo, F. Ott, D. Weigel, and B. -
Outline of Angiosperm Phylogeny
Outline of angiosperm phylogeny: orders, families, and representative genera with emphasis on Oregon native plants Priscilla Spears December 2013 The following listing gives an introduction to the phylogenetic classification of the flowering plants that has emerged in recent decades, and which is based on nucleic acid sequences as well as morphological and developmental data. This listing emphasizes temperate families of the Northern Hemisphere and is meant as an overview with examples of Oregon native plants. It includes many exotic genera that are grown in Oregon as ornamentals plus other plants of interest worldwide. The genera that are Oregon natives are printed in a blue font. Genera that are exotics are shown in black, however genera in blue may also contain non-native species. Names separated by a slash are alternatives or else the nomenclature is in flux. When several genera have the same common name, the names are separated by commas. The order of the family names is from the linear listing of families in the APG III report. For further information, see the references on the last page. Basal Angiosperms (ANITA grade) Amborellales Amborellaceae, sole family, the earliest branch of flowering plants, a shrub native to New Caledonia – Amborella Nymphaeales Hydatellaceae – aquatics from Australasia, previously classified as a grass Cabombaceae (water shield – Brasenia, fanwort – Cabomba) Nymphaeaceae (water lilies – Nymphaea; pond lilies – Nuphar) Austrobaileyales Schisandraceae (wild sarsaparilla, star vine – Schisandra; Japanese -
Chromosome Numbers in Compositae, XII: Heliantheae
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY 0 NCTMBER 52 Chromosome Numbers in Compositae, XII: Heliantheae Harold Robinson, A. Michael Powell, Robert M. King, andJames F. Weedin SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS City of Washington 1981 ABSTRACT Robinson, Harold, A. Michael Powell, Robert M. King, and James F. Weedin. Chromosome Numbers in Compositae, XII: Heliantheae. Smithsonian Contri- butions to Botany, number 52, 28 pages, 3 tables, 1981.-Chromosome reports are provided for 145 populations, including first reports for 33 species and three genera, Garcilassa, Riencourtia, and Helianthopsis. Chromosome numbers are arranged according to Robinson’s recently broadened concept of the Heliantheae, with citations for 212 of the ca. 265 genera and 32 of the 35 subtribes. Diverse elements, including the Ambrosieae, typical Heliantheae, most Helenieae, the Tegeteae, and genera such as Arnica from the Senecioneae, are seen to share a specialized cytological history involving polyploid ancestry. The authors disagree with one another regarding the point at which such polyploidy occurred and on whether subtribes lacking higher numbers, such as the Galinsoginae, share the polyploid ancestry. Numerous examples of aneuploid decrease, secondary polyploidy, and some secondary aneuploid decreases are cited. The Marshalliinae are considered remote from other subtribes and close to the Inuleae. Evidence from related tribes favors an ultimate base of X = 10 for the Heliantheae and at least the subfamily As teroideae. OFFICIALPUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded in the Institution’s annual report, Smithsonian Year. SERIESCOVER DESIGN: Leaf clearing from the katsura tree Cercidiphyllumjaponicum Siebold and Zuccarini. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Main entry under title: Chromosome numbers in Compositae, XII. -
San Luis Obispo County
Figure 1. Alternating fields of purple and gold in the Temblor Range. Figure 2. Poa secunda emerges from a solid layer of goldfields. Photo: Photo: Jennifer Buck-Diaz Diana Hickson VISITING CALIFORNIA’S GRASSLANDS: The Shifting Mosaic of Carrizo Plain by Jennifer Buck-Diaz1, Vegetation Ecologist, California Native Plant Society, [email protected] Spring has sprung, and for those who love sweeping vistas of slopes that come alive in the early spring. In certain years, you native California wildflowers, excitement is in the air. At the can investigate alternating, almost pure stands of purple top of my list of places to see showy grasslands in the state is Phacelia and gold Monolopia (Fig. 1), each thriving on a the Carrizo Plain. Each year brings a unique display to this particular combination of slope, aspect, and soil profile. Keep amazing semi-desert landscape. The plain is located in your eyes open for blazing patches of desert candle (Caulanthus northeastern San Luis Obispo County, and a large portion of inflatus) and flat terraces of the fragrant thistle sage (Salvia it is managed by the Bureau of Land Management as a carduacea) above ephemeral streams. Swing over to the other national monument. side of the Plain to climb the low hills of the Caliente Range, where you can step lightly through dense carpets of blue grass At 50 miles long and 15 miles across, you will have plenty of (Poa secunda) (Fig. 2) and waving patches of needlegrass (Stipa room to spread out and explore the myriad of grassland types cernua). that assemble in this region. -
Abies Bracteata Revised 2011 1 Abies Bracteata (D. Don) Poit
Lead Forest: Los Padres National Forest Forest Service Endemic: No Abies bracteata (D. Don) Poit. (bristlecone fir) Known Potential Synonym: Abies venusta (Douglas ex Hook.) K. Koch; Pinus bracteata D. Don; Pinus venusta Douglas ex Hook (Tropicos 2011). Table 1. Legal or Protection Status (CNDDB 2011, CNPS 2011, and Other Sources). Federal Listing Status; State Heritage Rank California Rare Other Lists Listing Status Plant Rank None; None G2/S2.3 1B.3 USFS Sensitive Plant description: Abies bracteata (Pinaceae) (Fig. 1) is a perennial monoecious plant with trunks longer than 55 m and less than 1.3 m wide. The branches are more-or-less drooping, and the bark is thin. The twigs are glabrous, and the buds are 1-2.5 cm long, sharp-pointed, and non- resinous. The leaves are less than 6 cm long, are dark green, faintly grooved on their upper surfaces, and have tips that are sharply spiny. Seed cones are less than 9 cm long with stalks that are under15 mm long. The cones have bracts that are spreading, exserted, and that are 1.5–4.5 cm long with a slender spine at the apex. Taxonomy: Abies bracteata is a fir species and a member of the pine family (Pinaceae). Out of the fir species growing in North America (Griffin and Critchfield 1976), Abies bracteata has the smallest range and is the least abundant. Identification: Many features of A. bracteata can be used to distinguish this species from other conifers, including the sharp-tipped needles, thin bark, club-shaped crown, non-resinous buds, and exserted spine tipped bracts (Gymnosperms Database 2010). -
Tansley Insight Rapid Evolution in Plant–Microbe Interactions – an Evolutionary Genomics Perspective
Review Tansley insight Rapid evolution in plant–microbe interactions – an evolutionary genomics perspective Author for correspondence: Sophie de Vries1 , Eva H. Stukenbrock2,3 and Laura E. Rose1 Laura E. Rose 1 € € € Tel: +49 211 81 13406 Institute of Population Genetics, Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf, Universitatsstraße 1 40225, Dusseldorf, Germany; Email: [email protected] 2Environmental Genomics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Pl€on, Germany; 3The Botanical Institute, Christian- Received: 6 May 2019 Albrechts University of Kiel, Am Botanischen Garden 9-11 24118, Kiel, Germany Accepted: 13 January 2020 Contents Summary 1256 VI. The role of reticulate evolution 1258 I. Introduction 1256 VII. Concluding comments 1260 II. Signatures of selection 1257 Acknowledgements 1260 III. Convergent evolution 1257 References 1261 IV. Cryptic genetic variation 1258 V. Evidence of host jumps 1258 Summary New Phytologist (2020) 226: 1256–1262 Access to greater genomic resolution through new sequencing technologies is transforming the doi: 10.1111/nph.16458 field of plant pathology. As scientists embrace these new methods, some overarching patterns and observations come into focus. Evolutionary genomic studies are used to determine not only Key words: co-evolution, convergent the origins of pathogen lineages and geographic patterns of genetic diversity, but also to discern evolution, crop protection, genetic variation, how natural selection structures genetic variation across the genome. With greater and greater natural selection, phytopathogens. resolution, we can now pinpoint the targets of selection on a large scale. At multiple levels, crypsis and convergent evolution are evident. Host jumps and shifts may be more pervasive than once believed, and hybridization and horizontal gene transfer (HGT) likely play important roles in the emergence of genetic novelty.