The Cosmic Christ
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Atheism AO2 Handout Part 1
Philosophy Of Religion / Atheism AO2 Atheism AO2 Handout Part 1 New Atheism successfully shows the incompatibility of science and religion. Evaluate this view. 1. New Atheists seem to argue that scientific theories are based only on evidence, whilst religion runs away from evidence. The claim is that atheism is rational and scientific while religion is irrational and superstitious. Faith is not an element of science since evidence for a correct conviction compels us to accept its truth. As Dawkins says “Faith is a state of mind that leads people to believe something – it doesn’t matter what – in the total absence of supporting evidence. If there were good supporting evidence, then faith would be superfluous…” However, Alister McGrath points out that such a view “fails to make the critical distinction between the ‘total absence of supporting evidence’ and the ‘absence of totally supporting evidence’.” It is true that some facts about the world have been proved (e.g. the chemical formula for water) but the bigger scientific questions such as is there a Grand Unified Theory that explains everything rely on answers based on the best evidence available but they are not certainties. In future years they may well change as new evidence is considered. As Gauch concluded “Science rests on faith”. Dawkins in his book “The God Delusion” does argue that the existence of God is a testable hypothesis and concludes that the hypothesis is falsifiable. Therefore the hypothesis is open to the scientific method. So here is a New Atheist proponent arguing that that the existence of God is a meaningful hypothesis. -
Ignatian Contemplation: Imaginative Prayer with Scripture I. Purposes Of
Ignatian Contemplation: Imaginative Prayer with Scripture I. Purposes of this session: A. To experience Ignatian Contemplation. B. To share what we experience with each other. C. To practice leading one of the prayer practices II. Suggested Procedure A. Opening - (5-10-minutes) 1. Light the candle to symbolize God’s presence, God’s desire for us to come to him in prayer, and the Spirit’s work in our hearts as we seek God. 2. Explain the process - You will pray using Ignatian Contemplation, a prayer in which you engage with God using all your senses and imagination followed by a time of sharing as time permits. Ignatian Contemplation is prayer with Scripture. It is meeting God through story. The prayer develops as you “live into” a Scripture story with all your senses and imagination. You become a participant in the story, and you continue in the story in your heart, mind, imagination, spirit and body after the reading ends. You let the Spirit guide the prayer - you don’t force anything to happen - you let it happen to you, within you, around you. You may pray with the same story for many days in a row before you feel the prayer is complete, that God has spoken to you, that you have heard God, and worked through what it means for you. It is a wonderful, rich experience. B. Leading the Prayer Exercise 1. Remind group members of what Ignatian Contemplation is - a prayer form developed by Ignatius of Loyola in the 1500’s to help people come to know Jesus through imaginative interaction with Scripture. -
Ignatius, Prayer and the Spiritual Exercises
IGNATIUS, PRAYER AND THE SPIRITUAL EXERCISES Harvey D. Egan ECAUSE OF HIS EXTRAORDINARY apostolic success, and later that of B the order he founded, Ignatius’ reputation as one of the greatest mystics in the Christian tradition still remains somewhat obscured. When, years ago, I told a friend from a contemplative order that I was writing a book centred on Ignatius’ mysticism, he all but denied that Ignatius had a mystical side.1 Ignatius’ life, however, was profoundly affected by four foundational mystical events: his conversion experience while recovering at Loyola from the Pamplona battlefield injury; an experience of the Virgin Mary during that same recuperation which confirmed his desire to live a chaste life henceforth; the subsequent enlightenment at the River Cardoner; and his vision at La Storta leading him to a mysticism of service.2 In addition, God blessed him with numerous extraordinary secondary mystical phenomena. And one of the purest examples of the direct reporting of mystical experiences in Christian history can be found in Ignatius’ short Spiritual Diary. This extraordinary document contains irrefutable evidence of Ignatius’ deeply trinitarian, Christ-centred, Marian reverential love, and of the priestly, eucharistic and apostolic aspects of his mysticism. Also permeating it is a profoundly mystical emphasis on discernment, visions, intellectual and affective mystical events, somatic phenomena, mystical tears and mysterious loquela—a phenomenon consisting of different levels of inner words saturated with meaning, tones, rhythm and music. Bernard of Clairvaux, John of the Cross and others in the Christian tradition emphasized mystical bridal sleep—that is, swooning lovingly in God’s embrace at the centre of the soul—as the most valuable way of serving God, the Church and one’s neighbour. -
Religion–State Relations
Religion–State Relations International IDEA Constitution-Building Primer 8 Religion–State Relations International IDEA Constitution-Building Primer 8 Dawood Ahmed © 2017 International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (International IDEA) Second edition First published in 2014 by International IDEA International IDEA publications are independent of specific national or political interests. Views expressed in this publication do not necessarily represent the views of International IDEA, its Board or its Council members. The electronic version of this publication is available under a Creative Commons Attribute-NonCommercial- ShareAlike 3.0 (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0) licence. You are free to copy, distribute and transmit the publication as well as to remix and adapt it, provided it is only for non-commercial purposes, that you appropriately attribute the publication, and that you distribute it under an identical licence. For more information on this licence visit the Creative Commons website: <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/> International IDEA Strömsborg SE–103 34 Stockholm Sweden Telephone: +46 8 698 37 00 Email: [email protected] Website: <http://www.idea.int> Cover design: International IDEA Cover illustration: © 123RF, <http://www.123rf.com> Produced using Booktype: <https://booktype.pro> ISBN: 978-91-7671-113-2 Contents 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................. 3 Advantages and risks ............................................................................................... -
The Power of Prayer
SIT Graduate Institute/SIT Study Abroad SIT Digital Collections Capstone Collection SIT Graduate Institute Spring 5-24-2017 The oP wer of Prayer Victoria Dawn Thompson SIT Graduate Institute Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/capstones Part of the Anthropological Linguistics and Sociolinguistics Commons, Asian Studies Commons, Counselor Education Commons, Critical and Cultural Studies Commons, Neuroscience and Neurobiology Commons, Other International and Area Studies Commons, Other Linguistics Commons, Other Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons, Peace and Conflict Studies Commons, Psycholinguistics and Neurolinguistics Commons, Social Psychology and Interaction Commons, Social Work Commons, Sociology of Culture Commons, Sociology of Religion Commons, Terrorism Studies Commons, and the Transpersonal Psychology Commons Recommended Citation Thompson, Victoria Dawn, "The oP wer of Prayer" (2017). Capstone Collection. 2976. https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/capstones/2976 This Thesis (Open Access) is brought to you for free and open access by the SIT Graduate Institute at SIT Digital Collections. It has been accepted for inclusion in Capstone Collection by an authorized administrator of SIT Digital Collections. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE POWER OF PRAYER Victoria Dawn Thompson PIM 73 A capstone paper submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Master of Arts in Peacebuilding and Conflict Transformation at SIT Graduate Institute in Brattleboro, Vermont, USA. Capstone Seminar Start Date: May 22, 2017 Advisor: Karen Blanchard Consent to Use of Capstone I hereby grant permission for World Learning to publish my capstone on its websites and in any of its digital/electronic collections, and to reproduce and transmit my CAPSTONE ELECTRONICALLY. -
Addressing Fundamentalism by Legal and Spiritual Means
H UMAN R IGHTS & H UMAN W ELFARE Addressing Fundamentalism by Legal and Spiritual Means By Dan Wessner Religion and Humane Global Governance by Richard A. Falk. New York: Palgrave, 2001. 191 pp. Gender and Human Rights in Islam and International Law: Equal before Allah, Unequal before Man? by Shaheen Sardar Ali. The Hague: Kluwer Law International, 2000. 358 pp. Religious Fundamentalisms and the Human Rights of Women edited by Courtney W. Howland. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1999. 326 pp. The Islamic Quest for Democracy, Pluralism, and Human Rights by Ahmad S. Moussalli. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2001. 226 pp. The post-Cold War era stands at a crossroads. Some sort of new world order or disorder is under construction. Our choice to move more toward multilateralism or unilateralism is informed well by inter-religious debate and international law. Both disciplines rightly challenge the “post- Enlightenment divide between religion and politics,” and reinvigorate a spiritual-legal dialogue once thought to be “irrelevant or substandard” (Falk: 1-8, 101). These disciplines can dissemble illusory walls between spiritual/sacred and material/modernist concerns, between realpolitik interests and ethical judgment (Kung 1998: 66). They place praxis and war-peace issues firmly in the context of a suffering humanity and world. Both warn as to how fundamentalism may subjugate peace and security to a demagogic, uncompromising quest. These disciplines also nurture a community of speech that continues to find its voice even as others resort to war. The four books considered in this essay respond to the rush and risk of unnecessary conflict wrought by fundamentalists. -
The Identity of Jesus of Nazareth*
Criswell Theological Review 6.1 (1992) 91-130. Copyright © 1992 by The Criswell College. Cited with permission. THE IDENTITY OF JESUS OF NAZARETH* CARL F. H. HENRY Lecturer at Large Prison Fellowship Ministries Nowhere is the tension between historically repeatable acts and a once-for-all event focused more dramatically than in the conflict over the identity of Jesus of Nazareth. Shall we explain him as the ideal model of mankind and expound divine incarnation by philosophical analysis of what is humanly possible, or shall we depict him rather in terms of the christologically unparalleled? The Gospels provide our only significant information about Jesus' life and work. Skeptical critics thrust upon these sources tests of reliabil- ity that they do not impose upon other historical writing. If universally applied, those same criteria would in principle invalidate ancient Greek and Roman accounts that secular historians routinely accept as factual.1 Efforts to destroy the credibility of gospels often betray a bias against the supernatural. Gerald G. O'Collins recalls "the official Soviet thesis (which appears recently to have been abandoned) that Jesus never existed and was a purely mythological figure.”2 Consistent Marx- ists would need to reject the theology-of-revolution view that the his- torical figure of Jesus nurtures its liberationist challenge to an alienated world. The assumptions of evolutionary naturalism likewise lead to a rejection of Jesus as in any way normative and decisive for human destiny. * This essay represents the two lectures read at the Criswell Lecture Series, Criswell College, January 1991. 1 Cf. A N. Sherwin-White, Roman Society and Roman Law in the New Testa- ment, (London and New York: Oxford University Press, 1963). -
He Is the Image of the Invisible God, the First-Born of All Creation
Park Cities Presbyterian Church David Naugle Good Shepherd Sunday School April 17, 2005 “The Cosmic Christ of Colossians” A Study of Colossians 1: 15-231 Introduction: In his fascinating book, Jesus Through the Centuries: His Place in the History of Culture (Yale University Press, 1985), the Yale University historian Jaroslav Pelikan notes that each historical age or epoch has created Jesus in its own image and has depicted Him in accordance with its own most fundamental assumptions and character. The Church and countless numbers of believers have understood Him throughout the centuries with kaleidoscopic variety, sometimes biblically, sometimes not as faithfully. So as Pelikan’s book colorfully documents, Jesus has been imaged or depicted as: ♦ The Rabbi ♦ The Light of the Gentiles ♦ The King of Kings ♦ The Son of Man ♦ The True Image ♦ Christ Crucified ♦ The Monk Who Rules the World ♦ The Bridegroom of the Soul ♦ The Divine and Human Model ♦ The Universal Man ♦ The Mirror of the Eternal ♦ The Prince of Peace ♦ The Teacher of Common Sense ♦ The Poet of the Spirit ♦ The Liberator In our Sunday School lesson this morning, however, I would like to present to you “The Cosmic Christ of Colossians” from Col. 1: 15-23. Undoubtedly, we in our historical age or epoch have depicted Jesus in our own image on the basis of our most fundamental assumptions and character. In contemporary scholarly circles that image or depiction of Jesus has taken the form of the “cynic sage” (e.g., The Jesus Seminar), and in popular North American Christianity, He is often regarded as good friend and personal Lord and Savior. -
Hinduism and Hindu Philosophy
Essays on Indian Philosophy UNIVE'aSITY OF HAWAII Uf,FU:{ Essays on Indian Philosophy SHRI KRISHNA SAKSENA UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII PRESS HONOLULU 1970 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 78·114209 Standard Book Number 87022-726-2 Copyright © 1970 by University of Hawaii Press All Rights Reserved Printed in the United States of America Contents The Story of Indian Philosophy 3 Basic Tenets of Indian Philosophy 18 Testimony in Indian Philosophy 24 Hinduism 37 Hinduism and Hindu Philosophy 51 The Jain Religion 54 Some Riddles in the Behavior of Gods and Sages in the Epics and the Puranas 64 Autobiography of a Yogi 71 Jainism 73 Svapramanatva and Svapraka!;>atva: An Inconsistency in Kumarila's Philosophy 77 The Nature of Buddhi according to Sankhya-Yoga 82 The Individual in Social Thought and Practice in India 88 Professor Zaehner and the Comparison of Religions 102 A Comparison between the Eastern and Western Portraits of Man in Our Time 117 Acknowledgments The author wishes to make the following acknowledgments for permission to reprint previously published essays: "The Story of Indian Philosophy," in A History of Philosophical Systems. edited by Vergilius Ferm. New York:The Philosophical Library, 1950. "Basic Tenets of Indian Philosophy," previously published as "Are There Any Basic Tenets of Indian Philosophy?" in The Philosophical Quarterly. "Testimony in Indian Philosophy," previously published as "Authority in Indian Philosophy," in Ph ilosophyEast and West. vo!.l,no. 3 (October 1951). "Hinduism," in Studium Generale. no. 10 (1962). "The Jain Religion," previously published as "Jainism," in Religion in the Twentieth Century. edited by Vergilius Ferm. -
Religious Fact Sheets
CULTURE AND RELIGION Hinduism Introduction Hinduism is the oldest and the third largest of the world’s major religions, after Christianity and Islam, with 900 million adherents. Hindu teaching and philosophy has had a profound impact on other major religions. Hinduism is a faith as well as a way of life, a world view and philosophy upholding the principles of virtuous and true living for the Indian diaspora throughout the world. The history of Hinduism is intimately entwined with, and has had a profound influence on, the history of the Indian sub-continent. About 80% of the Indian population regard themselves as Hindu. Hindus first settled in Australia during the 19th century to work on cotton and sugar plantations and as merchants. In Australia, the Hindu philosophy is adopted by Hindu centres and temples, meditation and yoga groups and a number of other spiritual groups. The International Society for Krishna Consciousness is also a Hindu organisation. There are more than 30 Hindu temples in Australia, including one in Darwin. Background and Origins Hinduism is also known as Sanatana dharma meaning “immemorial way of right living”. Hinduism is the oldest and most complex of all established belief systems, with origins that date back more than 5000 years in India. There is no known prophet or single founder of Hinduism. Hinduism has a range of expression and incorporates an extraordinarily diverse range of beliefs, rituals and practices, The Hindu faith has numerous schools of thought, has no founder, no organisational hierarchy or structure and no central administration but the concept of duty or dharma, the social and ethical system by which an individual organises his or her life. -
The Rice Professor Who Saw Cosmic Consciousness
HH Houston Chronicle |HoustonChronicle.com | Sunday, September 22, 2019 | F3 BELIEF Houston Chronicle, 9/22/2019 Cropped page Page: F3 GRAY MATTERS TheRice professor whosaw cosmic consciousness By Mark B. Ryan such as near-death experienc- CORRESPONDENT es,paranormal encounters — andflips. In hisshort, zestynew book The revisionarypotential of “The Flip:EpiphaniesofMind that turnofattentionshows in andthe FutureofKnowledge,” Kripal’ssuggestions about how RiceUniversity’s JeffreyJ.Kripal it could affectacademic and calls forarevolution in academ- intellectual life. Kripalisan ic cultureand, with it,inthe associate dean of humanities at general intellectuallifeofour Rice, andone of hisdeepest times. Kripal, aprofessorof concerns is therole of human- religion, asserts thatmind or itiesinuniversitiesand beyond. consciousnessisnot merely a If consciousness is basic in the product of the neurophysiology cosmos, human nature inevita- of the humanbrain but rather a blyis, as he puts it,“irrepress- fundamental dimensionofthe ibly spiritual.”Itcravesori- cosmos. entation,insome fashion, Undeniably, ourawareness is toward the largerwhole. correlatedwithbrain chem- But delving into the impene- istry,but consciousness itself, trable mysteriesofthatlarger he argues, is wholerequires the insights something far both of sciences and human- bigger,and more ities, theexactingprocedures basic. of scientific inquiry and the That,of imaginative and interpretive course, is acen- skills of humanistic thought. tral insightof The twoindeep conversation mysticalexperi- -
Matthew Fox and the Cosmic Christ
Matthew Fox and the Cosmic Christ ~GARETBREARLEY The myth of matricide Matthew Fox, an American Dominican, is a prolific and controversial author, whose 'creation spirituality' is gaining wide influence within both Roman Catholic and Anglican churches and retreat centres. To review his recent book, The Coming of the Cosmic Christ: The Healing of Mother Earth and the Birth of a Global Renaissance (Harper & Row, San Francisco 1988) is an even more complex task than reviewing his earlier writings, for it is somewhat like a hologram; its beginning, entitled: 'Prologue: A Dream and a VISion', already contains its end; each segment of the text is interdependent on the rest and, in a sense, contains the whole. Rather than developing thought and argument in logical progression, the book represents shafts of light thrown from different perspectives on one central image or myth. For the first time Fox has constructea an all-embracing myth which he believes is capable of explaining the totality of contemporary reality. He then demonstrates a new ethic, derived from that myth, and finally demands that an utterly new reality be formed on the basis of his central myth and its ethic. The dominant myth is that of matricide. Fox accuses traditional Christi anity - and therefore Western culture - of being matricidal. In earlier writings he had already radically condemned Christian orthodoxy. While claiming to restore the Hebrew roots of Christianity, Fox had in fact rejected both the God of Israel and traditional prayer as 'useless' and denied both Old and New Testaments as sources of revelation.1 In The Coming of the Cosmic Christ Fox is even more radical.