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Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors

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iGluR Ionotropic glutamate receptors iGluR (ionotropic glutamate receptor) is a ligand-gated ion channel that is activated by the neurotransmitter glutamate. iGluR are integral membrane proteins compose of four large subunits that form a central ion channel pore. Sequence similarity among all known glutamate receptor subunits, including the AMPA, kainate, NMDA, and δ receptors. AMPA receptors are the main charge carriers during basal transmission, permitting influx of sodium ions to depolarise the postsynaptic membrane. NMDA receptors are blocked by magnesium ions and therefore only permit ion flux following prior depolarisation. This enables them to act as coincidence detectors for synaptic plasticity. Calcium influx through NMDA receptors leads to persistent modifications in the strength of synaptic transmission. www.MedChemExpress.com 1 iGluR Inhibitors & Modulators (-)-Aspartic acid (-)-Dizocilpine Maleate ((R)-Aspartic acid; D-(-)-Aspartic acid) Cat. No.: HY-42068 ((-)-MK 801 (Maleate)) Cat. No.: HY-15084A Bioactivity: (-)-Aspartic acid is an endogenous NMDA receptor agonist. Bioactivity: (-)-Dizocilpine ((-)-MK 801) Maleate is the enantiomer of (+)-MK-801. (+)-MK 801 Maleate is a potent, selective and non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist. Purity: 97.0% Purity: 99.70% Clinical Data: No Development Reported Clinical Data: No Development Reported Size: 10mM x 1mL in Water, Size: 10mM x 1mL in DMSO, 5 g 10 mg, 50 mg (S)-(-)-5-Fluorowillardiine (S)-(-)-5-Fluorowillardiine hydrochloride ((5S)-Fluorowillardiine; (S)-5-Fluorowillardiine) Cat. No.: HY-16713 ((5S)-Fluorowillardiine hydrochloride; …) Cat. No.: HY-16713A Bioactivity: (S)-(-)-5-Fluorowillardiine is a potent and specific AMPAR Bioactivity: (S)-(-)-5-Fluorowillardiine Hcl is a potent and specific AMPAR agonist. agonist. Purity: >98% Purity: 99.82% Clinical Data: No Development Reported Clinical Data: No Development Reported Size: 10 mg, 50 mg Size: 10mM x 1mL in Water, 10 mg, 50 mg (S)-Willardiine 1-BCP ((-)-Willardiine) Cat. No.: HY-12499 (Piperonylic acid piperidide) Cat. No.: HY-101363 Bioactivity: (S)-Willardiine is a potent agonist of AMPA/kainate receptors Bioactivity: 1-BCP is a centrally active drug that modulates AMPA with EC50 of 44.8 uM. IC50 value: 44.8 uM(EC50) [1] Target: receptor gated currents. 1-BCP is a memory-enhancing agent AMPA/kainate receptor agonist in vitro: The (S)- but not [1] [2]. (R)-isomers of willardiine and 5-bromowillardiine were potent agonists, producing rapidly but incompletely desensitizing… Purity: 98.70% Purity: 99.0% Clinical Data: No Development Reported Clinical Data: No Development Reported Size: 10 mg, 50 mg Size: 10mM x 1mL in DMSO, 5 mg 24-Hydroxycholesterol 6-Methoxy-2-naphthoic acid Cat. No.: HY-N2370 (Naproxen impurity O) Cat. No.: HY-B2121 Bioactivity: 24-Hydroxycholesterol is a natural sterol, which serves as a Bioactivity: 6-Methoxy-2-naphthoic acid is an NMDA receptor modulator positive allosteric modulator of N-Methyl-d-Aspartate extracted from patent WO 2012019106 A2. (NMDA) receptorsR, and a potent activator of the transcription factors LXR. Purity: 98.0% Purity: 98.0% Clinical Data: No Development Reported Clinical Data: No Development Reported Size: 2 mg, 5 mg Size: 10mM x 1mL in DMSO, 100 mg 7-Chloro-4-hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid 7-Chlorokynurenic acid sodium salt (7-Chlorokynurenic acid) Cat. No.: HY-100811 Cat. No.: HY-100811A Bioactivity: 7-Chloro-4-hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid Bioactivity: 7-Chlorokynurenic acid sodium salt is a selective antagonist (7-Chlorokynurenic acid) is a selective antagonist at the at the glycine modulatory site of the N-methyl-D-aspartate glycine modulatory site of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor complex and also a potent inhibitor of the reuptake receptor complex and also a potent inhibitor of the reuptake of glutamate into synaptic vesicles with a Ki of 0.59 μM. of glutamate into synaptic vesicles with a Ki of 0.59 μM. Purity: 99.62% Purity: 99.79% Clinical Data: No Development Reported Clinical Data: No Development Reported Size: 10mM x 1mL in DMSO, Size: 10mM x 1mL in DMSO, 10 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg 10 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg 2 Tel: 609-228-6898 Fax: 609-228-5909 Email: [email protected] AMPA Receptor Modulator-1 Ampalex Cat. No.: HY-112699 (CX516; BDP 12; Ampakine CX516) Cat. No.: HY-10933 Bioactivity: AMPA Receptor Modulator-1 is a potent, oral active and Bioactivity: Ampalex (Ampakine CX516; CX516; BDP 12) is an ampakine and selective AMPAR regulatory protein TARP γ-8 negative nootropic that acts as an AMPA receptor positive allosteric modulator with a p IC50 of 9.7, more selective over GluA1/γ-2 modulator as a treatment for Alzheimer's disease, [1] schizophrenia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). (pIC 50=5) . Purity: >98% Purity: 99.95% Clinical Data: No Development Reported Clinical Data: Phase 3 Size: 500 mg, 100 mg, 250 mg Size: 10mM x 1mL in DMSO, 10 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg Aniracetam Apimostinel (Ro 13-5057) Cat. No.: HY-10932 (NRX-1074; AGN-241660) Cat. No.: HY-102053 Bioactivity: Aniracetam(Ro 13-5057) is a nootropics and neuroprotective Bioactivity: Apimostinel is an oral NMDA receptor partial agonist. drug, which is selectively modulates the AMPA receptor and nAChR. Purity: 99.43% Purity: >98% Clinical Data: Launched Clinical Data: No Development Reported Size: 10mM x 1mL in DMSO, Size: 10mM x 1mL in DMSO, 1 g, 5 g 5 mg, 10 mg, 25 mg Becampanel BMS-986163 (AMP 397) Cat. No.: HY-15073 Cat. No.: HY-107774 Bioactivity: Becampanel (AMP397) is the first competitive AMPA Bioactivity: BMS-986163 is a negative allosteric modulator of GluN2B. The antagonist and an antiepileptic agent. prodrug BMS-986163 rapidly converts to its active parent molecule BMS-986169 ( Ki=4 nM, IC50=24 nM). Purity: >98% Purity: >98% Clinical Data: No Development Reported Clinical Data: No Development Reported Size: 1 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg Size: 500 mg, 250 mg CFM-2 CIQ Cat. No.: HY-12503 Cat. No.: HY-18699 Bioactivity: CFM-2 is a selective non-competitive AMPAR antagonist. Bioactivity: CIQ is a subunit-selective potentiator of NMDA receptors containing the NR2C or NR2D subunit. Purity: 98.32% Purity: 99.48% Clinical Data: No Development Reported Clinical Data: No Development Reported Size: 10mM x 1mL in DMSO, Size: 10mM x 1mL in DMSO, 10 mg, 50 mg 5 mg, 10 mg, 25 mg CMPDA CNQX Cat. No.: HY-12508 (FG9065) Cat. No.: HY-15066 Bioactivity: CMPDA is a positive allosteric modulator of AMPA receptors Bioactivity: CNQX (FG9065) is a potent AMPA/kainate receptor antagonist. with EC50s of 45.4 ± 4.2 nM/63.4 ± 5.6 nM for GluA2i/GluA2o receptor. Purity: 98.0% Purity: 98.05% Clinical Data: No Development Reported Clinical Data: No Development Reported Size: 10mM x 1mL in DMSO, Size: 10mM x 1mL in DMSO, 5 mg, 10 mg 5 mg, 10 mg, 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg www.MedChemExpress.com 3 CNS-5161 hydrochloride Coluracetam (CNS 5161A) Cat. No.: HY-101809 (MKC-231) Cat. No.: HY-17553 Bioactivity: CNS-5161 hydrochloride is a novel NMDA ion-channel Bioactivity: Coluracetam(MKC-231) is a new choline uptake enhancer. IC50 antagonist that interacts with the NMDA receptor/ion value: Target: in vitro: MKC-231 (10(-10)-10(-6) moll) channel site to produce a noncompetitive blockade of the significantly increased high affinity choline uptake (HACU) actions of glutamate. when it was incubated with the hippocampal synaptosomes of ethylcholine mustard aziridinium ion (AF64A) treated rats, but… Purity: >98% Purity: 99.77% Clinical Data: No Development Reported Clinical Data: No Development Reported Size: 1 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg Size: 10mM x 1mL in DMSO, 5 mg, 10 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg CX546 D-AP5 Cat. No.: HY-12505 (D-APV; D-2-Amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid) Cat. No.: HY-100714A Bioactivity: CX546 is a selective positive AMPAR modulator; the Bioactivity: D-AP5 is a NMDA receptor antagonist. prototypical ampakine agent. IC50 value: Target: AMPAR agonist in vitro: Treatments with the ampakine CX614 markedly and reversibly increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA and protein levels in cultured rat entorhinal/hippocampal… Purity: 99.50% Purity: 95.0% Clinical Data: No Development Reported Clinical Data: No Development Reported Size: 10 mg, 50 mg Size: 10mM x 1mL in Water, 5 mg, 10 mg Dizocilpine Maleate DNQX ((+)-MK 801 (Maleate)) Cat. No.: HY-15084 (FG 9041) Cat. No.: HY-15067 Bioactivity: Dizocilpine ((+)-MK 801) Maleate is a potent, selective and Bioactivity: DNQX (FG 9041) is a AMPA receptor antagonists. non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist with Kd of 37.2 nM in rat brain membranes. Purity: 99.98% Purity: 98.45% Clinical Data: No Development Reported Clinical Data: No Development Reported Size: 10mM x 1mL in DMSO, Size: 10mM x 1mL in DMSO, 10 mg, 50 mg 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg Dynorphin A (1-10) TFA Dynorphin A 1-10 Cat. No.: HY-P1594A Cat. No.: HY-P1594 Bioactivity: Dynorphin A (1-10) (TFA), an endogenous opioid neuropeptide, Bioactivity: Dynorphin A (1-10) an endogenous opioid neuropeptide, binds to binds to extracellular loop 2 of the κ-opioid receptor. extracellular loop 2 of the κ-opioid receptor. Dynorphin A Dynorphin A (1-10) (TFA) also blocks NMDA-activated current (1-10) also blocks NMDA-activated current with an IC50 of with an IC of 42.0 μM. 50 42.0 μM. Purity: 95.04% Purity: >98% Clinical Data: No Development Reported Clinical Data: No Development Reported Size: 1 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg Size: 1 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg Eliprodil Fanapanel (SL-820715) Cat. No.: HY-12881 (ZK200775; MPQX) Cat. No.: HY-15069 Bioactivity: Eliprodil(SL-820715) is a non-competitive NR2B-NMDA receptor Bioactivity: Fanapanel (ZK200775) is a highly selective AMPA/kainate antagonist(IC50=1 uM), less potent for NR2A- and antagonist with little activity against NMDA; have Ki values NR2C-containing receptors(IC50> 100 uM).
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    l Rese ca arc ni h li & C f B o i o l e Journal of a t h n Fond et al., J Clinic Res Bioeth 2015, 6:2 r i c u s o J DOI: 10.4172/2155-9627.1000213 ISSN: 2155-9627 Clinical Research & Bioethics Review Article Open Access Neuroenhancement in Healthy Adults, Part I: Pharmaceutical Cognitive Enhancement: A Systematic Review Fond G1,2*, Micoulaud-Franchi JA3, Macgregor A2, Richieri R3,4, Miot S5,6, Lopez R2, Abbar M7, Lancon C3 and Repantis D8 1Université Paris Est-Créteil, Psychiatry and Addiction Pole University Hospitals Henri Mondor, Inserm U955, Eq 15 Psychiatric Genetics, DHU Pe-psy, FondaMental Foundation, Scientific Cooperation Foundation Mental Health, National Network of Schizophrenia Expert Centers, F-94000, France 2Inserm 1061, University Psychiatry Service, University of Montpellier 1, CHU Montpellier F-34000, France 3POLE Academic Psychiatry, CHU Sainte-Marguerite, F-13274 Marseille, Cedex 09, France 4 Public Health Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, EA 3279, F-13385 Marseille, Cedex 05, France 5Inserm U1061, Idiopathic Hypersomnia Narcolepsy National Reference Centre, Unit of sleep disorders, University of Montpellier 1, CHU Montpellier F-34000, Paris, France 6Inserm U952, CNRS UMR 7224, Pierre and Marie Curie University, F-75000, Paris, France 7CHU Carémeau, University of Nîmes, Nîmes, F-31000, France 8Department of Psychiatry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Eschenallee 3, 14050 Berlin, Germany *Corresponding author: Dr. Guillaume Fond, Pole de Psychiatrie, Hôpital A. Chenevier, 40 rue de Mesly, Créteil F-94010, France, Tel: (33)178682372; Fax: (33)178682381; E-mail: [email protected] Received date: January 06, 2015, Accepted date: February 23, 2015, Published date: February 28, 2015 Copyright: © 2015 Fond G, et al.