World War II Unit: FDR Connection to Lesson

Essential Question: How was Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) connected personally to the state of Georgia during World War II? (H9d)

Directions

The activity is based on a Jigsaw Model where students are grouped and then regrouped. Read ALL of the preparation directions first before copying the activity

Preparation: . Copy a classroom set (plus a few extra) of the Franklin D. Roosevelt in Georgia article. . Copy the FDR in Georgia Text Analysis worksheet based on groups of 4 (you may need one group of 3). Make enough copies where each student receives just one of the letter sections. For example, if you have 28 students in a class, you should make 7 copies of the FDR in Georgia Text Analysis worksheet for that class period. . Number the FDR in Georgia Text Analysis sections on the worksheet as 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, etc. based on the number needed for your classroom. . During the implementation of the activity in class, students will be grouped by letter. Since the letter groups will have 7-8 students each, you will need to divide the groups into smaller letter groups. Here are a few suggestions: o Once grouped, just divide each letter group into two smaller groups o Copy the FDR in Georgia Text Analysis worksheets on two different colors o Use highlighters to distinguish letter group papers o Group even and odd (1A, 3A, 5A, 7A and 2A, 4A, 6A) . Since the activity involves grouping and regrouping, you may want to identify your groups ahead of time based on ability level for differentiation purposes.

Conducting the Activity: . Each student will be given a copy of the Franklin D. Roosevelt in Georgia article from the New Georgia Encyclopedia to read. . Each student will be given an FDR in Georgia Text Analysis worksheet Letter section. . Students should read the entire article and complete the questions on the FDR in Georgia Text Analysis worksheet. Make sure students understand that they should write down the exact sentences from the text that provide evidence for the questions. . Give EACH student an FDR in Georgia Graphic Organizer. . Group As, Bs, Cs, and Ds together. Divide the groups again based on the suggestions above or your own method. . In Letter groups, students should compare their answers for the FDR in Georgia Text Analysis worksheet. . The groups should develop a summary of their topic (in their own words not exactly from the text) and write it in the appropriate box on the FDR in Georgia Graphic Organizer. Each member can have the same summary, but each student should write the summary on his/her graphic organizer. . Students should go to their number group (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D) to share and record the remaining topics. By the end, all sections of the graphic organizer should be complete for each student.

Optional Resource: Silent video showing Warm Springs during 1933 http://dlgmedia.galileo.usg.edu/warm/wmv/rwsfilm009.html [ http://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/meta/html/rwsi/warm/meta_rwsi_warm_rwsfilm009.html?Welcome ]

Summarizing Strategy: Give each student a Facebook Summarizing Sheet. Using the article and their graphic organizer, each student should create 2 Status Updates as if they were FDR. For each Status Update, there should also be 2 comments from friends. Students must use the Friends listed on the Facebook page and the Updates and Comments must reflect the topics from the graphic organizer (Georgians’ Opinions of FDR; Visits; Controversy; Legacy) FDR in Georgia Text Analysis Worksheet

_____A. Read the article and answer the following questions using evidence from the text. Be sure to write down the exact sentences from the article.

Where did FDR go when he came to Georgia? DOK 1 ______

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How often did he visit Georgia? DOK 1 ______

Why did he come to Georgia? DOK 1 ______

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_____B. Read the article and answer the following question using evidence from the text. Be sure to write down the exact sentences from the article.

How did most Georgians feel about FDR? DOK 2 ______

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_____C. Read the article and answer the following question using evidence from the text. Be sure to write down the exact sentences from the article.

Although most Georgians adored FDR, he did cause some controversy. Describe the reasons he may have caused controversy. DOK 2

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_____D. Read the article and answer the following question using evidence from the text. Be sure to write down the exact sentences from the article.

What legacy has FDR left in Georgia? DOK 2 ______

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Franklin D. Roosevelt in Georgia Kaye Lanning Minchew, Troup County Archives, 09/27/2004 Last edited by NGE Staff on 01/17/2014

Between 1924 and 1945 Franklin D. Roosevelt visited Warm Springs and Georgia forty-one times. In the early years, he spent his days exercising at the pools at the Warm Springs resort as he tried to rebuild his leg muscles from the debilitating effects of polio. After being elected as the thirty-second president of the United States in 1932, he used his new home at Warm Springs, "The Little White House," as a retreat from the rigors of leading a nation through the Great Depression. He died there in 1945. To a generation of west Georgians, he was both the president and a trusted friend who could be seen waving as he passed by in his convertible or rode by in a train on his way to the nation's capital.

Roosevelt, a native New Yorker, first visited Georgia in 1913 on business for the U.S. Navy inBrunswick. In August 1921 he contracted polio while on a family vacation at Campobello Island in New Brunswick, Canada. He then sought to heal the damage caused by the disease. In October 1924 he learned of Warm Springs and its beneficial waters. He quickly grew to love Georgia and its people, and they welcomed him as their adopted son.

The water at Warm Springs maintains an average temperature of about eighty-eight degrees and bubbles out of nearby Pine Mountain, one of several quartzite ridges running through west central Georgia. According to legend, sick and injured Creek Indians once came to the springs to recover from their ills, in much the same way that Roosevelt used the healing waters. He generally visited in late March and April and again in the fall, when he traditionally shared Thanksgiving dinner with other patients. He swam, sat in the sun, caught up on correspondence, and went for drives in the countryside, which had been devastated by the boll weevil and plummeting cotton prices.

In mid-September 1928 Roosevelt left New York for a visit to Warm Springs. Despite being pressured to run for , he felt the timing was wrong to restart his political career and knew that his physical progress would be slowed by the new demands on his time. On October 2, after being tracked down giving a speech in nearby Manchester, Roosevelt reluctantly allowed his name to be submitted to the New York state Democratic convention. He won election as governor of New York that November, though the national Democratic ticket suffered defeat. After being reelected governor two years later, he quickly became a leading contender for the 1932 presidential election. Georgians gave him enthusiastic and strong support from the beginning. Over the years Roosevelt used his time in Georgia to develop visual tricks, such as leaning against cars or walking with his arm on the elbow of one of his sons, to appear physically fit before the public. Photographs of him fishing, greeting golfers on the golf course, horseback riding, and joining other hunters at possum hunts appeared in national publications. The journalist William Winn described his impact on people of the area a half-century after his death: "He is remembered fondly, even reverently, by locals, to whom he was part friend, part father figure, and, because of the role he played in pulling the South out of the depression, part savior as well."

Roosevelt made a number of significant political appearances throughout the state. During his first presidential campaign in 1932, he gave the address at Oglethorpe University's commencement, Techwood Homes Dedication held at the Fox Theatre in . In November 1935 he spoke at the opening ofTechwood Homes in Atlanta, the nation's first slum clearance and public housing project.

The president drew criticism from local and national sources after speeches he made in Barnesville and Gainesville in 1938, in which he criticized the low wages paid by the southern textile industry. He also used those occasions to urge Georgia voters to oust Senator Walter F. George, part of a broader strategy to "purge" the U.S. Senate of several conservative southern Democrats who had joined with Republicans to block legislation. While Georgians continued to give Roosevelt a clear majority in his 1940 and 1944 reelections, they did so by a smaller margin than they had in 1932 and 1936.

With the coming of World War II (1941-45), the commander-in-chief had little time to spend in Georgia. He visited soldiers at Fort Benning and the Women's Army Auxiliary Training Corps at Fort Oglethorpe but was unable to enjoy the healing effects of Warm Springs. In March 1945, his health worsening, he arrived at the Little White House for a scheduled two-week rest. There, on April 12, he died after suffering a stroke.

Being a friend to all—both famous political leaders and poor farmers—may have prevented Roosevelt from having an even greater impact on Georgia and the South. His wife, Eleanor, along with many black leaders of the day, wanted him to do more about segregation and civil rights in general, but the president was unwilling to upset the state's political leaders or the general white population. Federal court orders and the civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s would be needed to desegregate Georgia schools and allow African Americans to participate more fully in political and economic life in the South.

Perhaps Roosevelt's most lasting legacy lay in inspiring millions of people, most especially the disabled. He accomplished much, despite struggling daily to overcome his paralysis. In 1927 he established the Georgia Warm Springs Foundation. Known today as the Roosevelt Warm Springs Rehabilitation Center, the facility serves patients suffering from the effects of polio. People suffering from strokes, spinal cord injuries, and other disabilities are also treated there. The Little White House is operated by the Parks, Recreation, and Historic Sites Division of the Georgia Department of Natural Resources and welcomes thousands of visitors each year. http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/franklin-d-roosevelt-georgia

World War II Unit: FDR in Georgia Name______Date ______Period ______

Georgians’ Visits Opinions of FDR

How was Franklin Delano Roosevelt connected personally to the state of Georgia during World War II? (H9d)

Controversy Legacy World War II Unit: FDR in Georgia Name______Date ______Period ______

Most of the information below is copied from the Teacher Notes not the article, but the information is basically in the article just worded differently.

He was well loved by most Franklin Roosevelt visited Georgians due to his New Deal Georgians’ Georgia over 40 times. program which provided aid to Visits Primarily he came to Georgia many suffering from the effects of Opinions of and stayed at his home in Warm the Depression. Springs, which became known as He endeared himself to many FDR the “Little White House” during Georgians when they heard that his presidency. he became a friend to the locals in Roosevelt exercised in the warm the Warm Spring Area and hosted water pools of the spring to help a Thanksgiving dinner to all of ease the crippling effects of the patients at the spring. polio. Georgians overwhelming He used the seclusion of Warm supported Roosevelt in all four of How was Franklin Springs to take a break for the his presidential contests. Delano Roosevelt strain of his four terms in office. connected personally to the state of Georgia during World War Many in the North, including his II? (H9d) Inspired millions of people, most wife Eleanor, did not think he did especially the disabled. He enough to help end segregation accomplished much, despite and the lack of civil rights in struggling daily to overcome his Georgia and the rest of the South. paralysis. He also angered many Georgians In 1927 he established the Georgia when he spoke against what he Warm Springs Foundation. considered to be unfair labor Known today as the Roosevelt practices in Georgia’s textile Warm Springs Rehabilitation industry, and urged for them to Center, the facility serves patients remove conservative Democratic Controversy Legacy suffering from the effects of polio. senator Walter F. George from People suffering from strokes, office due to his efforts in spinal cord injuries, and other blocking New Deal legislation. disabilities are also treated there. facebook Wall Photos Name Franklin D. Roosevelt Logout

Franklin D. Roosevelt

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Wall Info Photos Friends Name and Post:

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Eleanor Name and Post: Roosevelt

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Southern Textile Industry

Senator Walter F. George [Republican against New Deal]

Warm Springs Community