Improving Wellbeing For
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Overview Making streets and communities safer for rakyat Improving wellbeing for Highlights peace of mind Tenth Malaysia Plan, all 2011-2015: Achievements Enhancing social cohesion and national unity Looking back Promoting a sports culture Tenth Malaysia Plan, and developing talent to 2011-2015: Progress enhance wellbeing Improving access to quality Summary of focus areas healthcare services Eleventh Malaysia Plan, Ensuring access to quality 2016-2020 and affordable housing Moving forward Eleventh Malaysia Plan, 2016-2020 Focus area A: Achieving universal access to quality healthcare Focus area B: Providing adequate and quality affordable housing to poor, low- and middle-income households Focus area C: Creating safer living environments for thriving communities Focus area D: Improving road safety and emergency services to reduce fatalities Focus area E: Enculturating the spirit of 1Malaysia to foster social cohesion and national unity Focus area F: Promoting sports for healthy living and unity 4Conclusion Eleventh Malaysia Plan 4-1 Chapter 4: Improving wellbeing for all 4-2 Overview The Government has always adopted a balanced development approach that gives equal emphasis to both economic growth and the wellbeing of the rakyat. While there is no standard definition of wellbeing, the term is generally associated with a standard of living and quality of life that encompasses economic, social, physical and psychological aspects, and is beneficial for society. In Malaysia, these aspects are manifested in quality healthcare, affordable housing, improved public security and safety, enhanced emergency services, greater social integration and unity, as well as widespread participation in sports. Improvements in wellbeing will also promote productivity and upward mobility of the rakyat. During the Tenth Malaysia Plan, 2011-2015, the Government invested significant resources to enhance the wellbeing of the rakyat. Improvements in the healthcare sector led to an increase in life expectancy, a decrease in infant and maternal mortality rates, and improvements in access to healthcare services. Housing programmes improved affordability for both low- and middle-income households, and guidelines were developed to create more conducive living environments. Crime rates fell by more than 20% through measures such as omnipresence in hotspots and greater community participation in voluntary neighbourhood watch activities. Social interaction programmes involving government agencies, non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and communities increased significantly, creating shared experiences and values that fostered social cohesion and strengthened national unity. The involvement of Malaysians in sports activities increased from 32% in 2011 to 40.8% in 2014, highlighting in turn, a growing appreciation of the benefits of sports, from supporting healthy lifestyles to strengthening national unity. Eleventh Malaysia Plan 4-1 Chapter 4: Improving wellbeing for all 4-2 In the Eleventh Malaysia Plan, 2016-2020, wellbeing remains a priority thrust for realising Vision 2020. Improvements in healthcare will focus on addressing underserved populations, improving health system delivery to enhance efficiency and effectiveness, and intensifying collaboration with the private sector and NGOs. Housing support will be maintained for the poor, low- and middle-income households, including youth and young married couples. Crime prevention efforts will focus on intensifying collaboration across public Please refer strategy to papers 6,5, and 7 for further details at www.epu.gov.my and private sector stakeholders, building the capabilities of law enforcement personnel, tightening regulations and strengthening enforcement. A new focus area on enhancing road safety and emergency services will also be introduced. Platforms for interaction between and among different social groups will be enhanced to foster social cohesion and national unity, while more programmes to inculcate ethics and moral values will be implemented at schools and institutions of higher education. Finally, emphasis will be placed on mass sports participation, developing high-performance athletes, and building youth leadership capabilities in sports and sports-related activities. Eleventh Malaysia Plan 4-3 Chapter 4: Improving wellbeing for all 4-4 Highlights Tenth Malaysia Plan, 2011-2015: Achievements 25.4 74.8 6.5 points years deaths 58,530 102,200 Improvement in Estimated life Estimated infant Hospital beds1 in Affordable overall wellbeing expectancy in mortality rate per 2014, an increase houses based on the 2014; an increase 1,000 live births from 55,180 in completed for Malaysian from 74.1 years in 2014; 2010 poor, low- and Wellbeing Index in 2010 a decrease from middle-income between 2000 6.7 deaths in households and 2012 2010 Overall Improving access to quality Ensuring access improvement in healthcare services to quality and the Malaysian affordable Wellbeing Index housing 1 Includes public and private hospitals, maternity and nursing homes, hospices and ambulatory care centres. Eleventh Malaysia Plan 4-3 Chapter 4: Improving wellbeing for all 4-4 22.7% 17.6% 53.2% NUCC 36 Decline in the Decline in street Increase in Established the Number of crime index crime between the number National Unity Malaysian between 2011 2011 and 2014 of registered Consultative athletes in the and 2014 Voluntary Council (NUCC) top ten world Patrolling in 2013 ranking in 2014 Schemes (SRS), between 2011 and 2014 Making streets and communities safer for Enhancing Promoting a rakyat peace of mind social cohesion sports culture and national and developing unity talent to enhance wellbeing Eleventh Malaysia Plan 4-5 Chapter 4: Improving wellbeing for all 4-6 Looking back Tenth Malaysia Plan, 2011-2015: Progress During the Tenth Malaysia Plan, the wellbeing of dimension encompasses components such as The Tenth Malaysia the rakyat was enhanced through a relentless housing, public security, and social participation. focus on healthcare services, public security, Plan enhanced the affordable housing, social integration, and Improving access to quality wellbeing of the rakyat sports. As a result, the wellbeing of the rakyat healthcare services through a relentless has improved as evidenced by the Malaysian Wellbeing Report 2013. Overall wellbeing The Government improved access to quality focus on healthcare improved by 25.4 points between 2000 and 2012, healthcare services by upgrading healthcare services, public security, as shown in Exhibit 4-1. The economic wellbeing infrastructure, enhancing the capacity of affordable housing, sub-composite improved by 33.3 points while healthcare personnel, promoting healthy lifestyles, and extending nationwide preventive social cohesion, and the social wellbeing sub-composite improved by 21.0 points. The economic dimension of the care programmes. The results of these efforts are sports. Wellbeing Index encompasses components manifested in an increase in life expectancy and such as transport and education, while the social a reduction in infant and maternal mortality, as shown in Exhibit 4-2. Exhibit 4-1 Malaysian Wellbeing Index, 2000-2012 MWI Economic Index Social 140 Change 135 Index (% p.a.) MWI 1.9 130 Economic 2.4 Wellbeing 125 Social 1.6 Wellbeing 120 115 110 105 100 2000 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 2012 Notes: The MWI measures economic and social components. The former encompasses transport, communications, education, working life and income and distribution, while the latter includes housing, leisure, governance, public safety, social participation, culture, health, environment and family. Source: Malaysian Wellbeing Report 2013 Eleventh Malaysia Plan 4-5 Chapter 4: Improving wellbeing for all 4-6 Chart 4-2: Selected Indicators of Health Status, 2010 and 2014 Exhibit 4-2 Accessibility to healthcare services was enhanced Selected indicators for health status, 2010 and 2014 through the construction of new hospitals which included specialised medical institutions such as the National Cancer Institute in Putrajaya and the Cheras Rehabilitation Hospital. Indicator 2010 2014 In addition, Klinik 1Malaysia and Klinik Bergerak 1Malaysia were enhanced to provide greater accessibility to affordable Life expectancy at birth (in years) 74.1 74.8 healthcare services for low-income households. As of 2014, 307 Klinik 1Malaysia were established in urban areas and 16 Klinik Bergerak 1Malaysia delivered services from boats and Infant mortality rate (for every 1,000 live births) 6.7 6.5 buses in rural areas. The number of hospital beds for both public and private Maternal mortality ratio (for every 100,000 live births) 26.1 25.5 healthcare increased from 55,180 in 2010 to 58,530 in 2014. Of these, public hospital beds accounted for 75% of total Chart 4-Note:3: Ratio2014 numbers of are Health estimated Personnel to Population, 2010 and 2014 hospital beds in 2014. The health personnel to population ratio also improved from 2010 to 2014, as shown in Exhibit Exhibit 4-3 4-3. Ratio of health personnel to population, 2010 and 2014 To encourage healthy living among the community, the Government introduced Program Komuniti Sihat Perkasa Number Ratio to Population Negara (KOSPEN), which promotes physical activities, as Type of Personnel 2010 2014 2010 2014 well as healthy diets and behaviours. In addition, health promotion programmes for communicable diseases were Doctor 32,980 51,835 1:859 1:581 expanded, including the Communication for Behavioural Impact Programme (COMBI), which primarily aims