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Becoming Philadelphia's Attorney for the Powerless

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Becoming Philadelphia's Attorney for the Powerless Cecil B. Moore forever transformed Philadelphia through his dedicated work EARLY YEARS OF as an attorney, civil and human rights leader, and elected official. Cecil B. Moore’s lifelong quest for freedom, justice, and equality benefitted the City of Philadelphia where he made his home from 1947 until CECIL B. MOORE his death in 1979. He successfully led mass 1932-1942: 1944: 1947: 1951: 1953: Graduated from Lexington Academy in Kentucky, then Served as First Sergeant of Transferred to Fort Miffl in, a Discharged from the Marines and supported Graduated from Temple movements to desegregate city institutions EVENTS DATING FROM from Bluefi eld State College, West Virginia. He began his the 19th Depot in overseas Marine base near Philadelphia his young family—which included his wife University School of Law and career as an insurance agent with Atlanta Life Insurance combat during World War II Theresa and three daughters, Cecily, Alexis passed the Pennsylvania Bar and organizations, defended innumerable exam 1915 TO EARLY 1950s Company in Athens, Georgia, one of the largest black and Melba—as one of the fi rst black liquor low-income and minority Philadelphians businesses in the South salesman for Publicker Distillers in court, and built an unshakeable 1915: 1942: 1946: 1949: 1952: relationship with so many of the Born in Dry Fork Hollow, West Virginia, on April 2, where in Enlisted in the United States Marine Corps Returned to Montford Point Enrolled in Temple Became a Republican committeeman and co-founded the “Philadelphia Citizens Committee Moore’s own words, “A Negro had his choice of occupations: at Montford Point, North Carolina - the Marine Base as a Sergeant Major University’s School of Law Against Juvenile Delinquency and Its Causes” with Reverend Leon Sullivan, Pastor of Zion City’s residents. he could go to college and teach school, or stay out of fi rst group of African American Marines to of the 52nd Defense Battalion Baptist Church and founder of the Opportunities Industrialization Center (OIC) college and load coal” engage in combat Married Theresa Lee, a North Carolina biology teacher BECOMING THE UNITED STATES PHILADELPHIA’S ATTORNEY MARINES Cecil B. Moore enlisted in the United States Marines in 1942 when FOR THE POWERLESS African American leaders were pushing for desegregation, part of a broader “Double V” Campaign to fight for victory abroad and at home. He joined the segregated Montford Point Marines at Camp Cecil B. Moore arrived at Philadelphia’s Fort Mifflin as a sergeant major in 1947, and Lejeune, North Carolina. served another four years until his discharge in 1951. During that time, he enrolled He served nine years in the United States Marines, spending two in Temple University’s School of Law and took night classes, while also renewing his and a half years overseas as First Sergeant of the 19th Depot. The Cecil’s family including his wife Theresa and daughters membership in the NAACP. Judge Lisa Richette, Court of Common Pleas, then a fellow (left to right) Melba, Cecily and Alexis. 19th Depot included the first Black Marines engaged in combat Attorney Cecil B. Moore in his law bar applicant, described Moore: office in 1960. Montford Point Marine Cecil B. Moore with operations in Saipan, Tinian, Okinawa, and China. During his Judge Herbert E. Millen, first African American tenure, he was an effective leader on and off the battlefield, leading Municipal Court Judge in Philadelphia and EARLY LIFE Probably the only bar candidate Cecil was a caring individual, unidentified woman at ceremony in Atlantic both Black and white men into battle. He recalled, “During combat, “ “ City in the mid 1940s. who sat through the six-week no matter what his blistery all those damn color lines broke down, anyway … I had 80 white Cecil B. Moore was born in Dry Fork Hollow, West Levin cram course without once Marine Corps Sergeant’s exterior boys under me!” Virginia, on April 2, 1915. He was the son of taking a note. Cecil was not indicated to the contrary. I saw Dr. Alexander Moore, a medical doctor, and Beulah, posing, he was an extraordinary him work in preparation of cases a respected teacher. He began his undergraduate In the face of persistent racism and discrimination, Cecil education at West Virginia State College and listener, his mind an ever- for hours on behalf of clients graduated from Bluefield State College in West Virginia. expanding treasure palace into who could not afford the cost B. Moore often provided information to reporters at Black His father was an early member of the National which fact, perception, and of his services. In fact, he took newspapers with a national audience to bring attention to Association for the Advancement of Colored People Barristers’ Association of feeling were permanently sorted, great pride in saying he was the the injustices he and other Black soldiers experienced. His (NAACP) in West Virginia, and a longtime community Philadelphia representing African classified and stored. Of course, original public defender.” Nix leader. Following his father’s example, Cecil B. Moore American Attorneys include Cecil dynamic and strategic leadership style during his tenure as B. Moore, Curtis Carson, Isaiah he passed and went on to a went on to say, “He was a skilled was an avid reader of the NAACP’s The Crisis magazine Crippen, Samuel Dashiell, Hardy meteoric career in courtrooms advocate. His persuasiveness a United States Marine prepared him to become a powerful and was active as a Young Democrat for Franklin Williams, Ragan Henry, William T. D. Roosevelt. Coleman, and Leslie Pinkney Hill. high and ordinary. ” before a jury, his effectiveness and effective Civil Rights leader. on cross examination and his Upon completing his undergraduate studies, Cecil He quickly built a reputation for precise, logical and compelling B. Moore joined the Atlanta Life Insurance Company as an insurance agent. His travels as providing highly competent legal presentation to an appellate CONGRESSIONAL a salesman led him to Athens, Georgia, where he immersed himself in African American defense even if his clients could not GOLD MEDAL popular folk culture and developed a large, diverse network of friends and clients. During afford the costly billing hours. Chief tribunal are important aspects this time, he experienced discrimination by a police officer that changed the course of his of this great man which should In 2011, Congress unanimously Justice Robert N. C. Nix Jr. provides a authorized the Congressional life. His friend, Donald Young, recalled, “He had a heated argument with a white policeman unique perspective on Cecil B. Moore never be forgotten. ” Cecil B. Moore, First Sergeant of the Gold Medal to be awarded to who called him a ‘nigger.’ He knew if he went to court, he would have been sent to prison, as a lawyer: 19th Depot. each of the 20,000 Montford so he beat up the policeman, left his car in the street, and joined the Marines.” Point Marines or their families in recognition of the accomplishments and sacrifices made during a time of segregation. On November 23, 2011, In memorial to Melvin “Mel” Dorn Shamlin, founder of the Cecil B. Moore President Barack Obama signed the bill Philadelphia Freedom Fighters and its members; Karen Asper-Jordan, Kenneth Contributors include Charles L. Blockson Afro American Collection, Temple University into law to honor these heroes with the Abdus Salaam “Freedom Smitty”, Bernyce Mills-DeVaughn, Jibril Abdul Jaleel “Butch”, The highest accolades to historian Dr. James G. Spady. Most of the information Special Collections Research Center, African American Museum of Philadelphia, highest civilian award. Eugene Dawkins “Tree”, Henry Reddy, Richard Watson, Lester Green, Gary Adams, presented is based on his 1985 work, Cecil B. Moore “A Soldier For Justice ©.” Montford Point Marines Association Philadelphia Chapter #1 CECILVivienne Crawford and Cecil’s People. A special thanks to Cecily Moore Banks. B. MOORE Cecil B. Moore was one of Philadelphia’s most effective and well-known civil rights leaders, an American patriot, a tireless defender of justice, CIVIL & HUMAN RIGHTS LEADER and a firebrand Philadelphia politician. Cecil B. Moore fought for social justice and played a Under 1965 major role in dismantling segregation and racial • In North Philadelpiadiscrimination for white (add COMMA) practices male orphans. in Philadelphia. In the accolades: Cecil B. Moore, a Montford Point Marine, once CECIL B. MOORE said, “I was determined when I got back from 1954-1979: 1967: 1968: 1975: 1987: Defended a range of low-income, minority Philadelphians who Opened campaign Desegregation of Girard College Elected City Councilman of the Renamed Columbia Avenue • In memorial toWorld Melvin “Mel” War Dorn II that Shamlin, what founder rights of the ICecil didn’t B. Moore have often were denied due process and justice in the court system headquarters in his with the enrollment of four Fifth District, North Philadelphia Cecil B. Moore Avenue, a bid to become mayor African American students on historic thoroughfare in Philadelphia FreedomI was Fighters going to take, using every weapon in of Philadelphia September 11 North Philadelphia the arsenal of democracy.” He received his law degree from Temple University in 1953, • Please add the copyright symbol after “A Soldier for Justice.” 1962: 1965: 1972: 1979: and built a reputation as a superb defense Elected President of the Re-elected president of the Philadelphia NAACP Chapter, In North Philadelpia for white Married Helen Golden Passed away at the age of EVENTS DATING FROM Philadelphia Chapter of the defeating Reverend Henry Nichols by a 5-to-1 margin (add COMMA) male orphans. Boyer, after the 1970 death 64 on February 13 attorney on behalf of the working class and National Association for the of his fi rst wife, Theresa EARLY 1950s TO 1987 Advancement of Colored Under the leadership of Cecil B.
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