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Sphere India: Unified Response Strategy ‐ Inter Agency Multi Sectoral Assessment, Cyclone Aila, June 2009 Page 1 of 64 Sphere India: Unified Response Strategy ‐ Inter Agency Multi Sectoral Assessment, Cyclone Aila, June 2009 Page 1 of 64 For the victims of Cyclone Aila, May 25, 2009, West Bengal Sphere India Secretariat Building No: 302/3, Sona Apartments, Kaushilya Park, Hauz Khas, Opposite Aurobindo Marg, New Delhi 110016 Ph: +91 11 46070374/75, Fax: +91 46070379 Email: [email protected]; Web: www.sphereindia.org.in Sphere India: Unified Response Strategy ‐ Inter Agency Multi Sectoral Assessment, Cyclone Aila, June 2009 Page 2 of 64 Table of Contents: Introduction of Cyclone Aila 04 District Map of West Bengal.............................................................................. 06 State IAG West Bengal Coordination Meetings.................................................. 07 Sphere India Emergency Coordination Meeting................................................. 08 Inter Agency Multi Sectoral Team Assessment.................................................. 10 Assessment Team Members .......................................................................... 11 Name of Partner Agencies and Operational Areas Visited ................................... 12 Flow Chart of the Process ............................................................................. 13 Secondary Data Analysis 14 South 24 Paraganas District Profile .................................................................... 15 North 24 Paraganas District Profile ................................................................. 17 East Midnapore District Profile ....................................................................... 19 West Midnapore District Profile ...................................................................... 21 Impact of Cyclone Aila on the Districts ............................................................ 24 Child Protection Issues ................................................................................. 26 Assessment Team Observations 29 Livelihoods..................................................................................................... 30 Food & Nutrition .......................................................................................... 33 Water, Sanitation and hygiene ....................................................................... 37 Shelter ....................................................................................................... 48 Sectoral Recommendations 51 Livelihoods..................................................................................................... 52 Food & Nutrition .......................................................................................... 54 Water, Sanitation and Hygiene....................................................................... 56 Shelter ....................................................................................................... 58 Sources 59 Annex 1: Summary of findings on WASH in the villages visited 61 Sphere India: Unified Response Strategy ‐ Inter Agency Multi Sectoral Assessment, Cyclone Aila, June 2009 Page 3 of 64 CYCLONE AILA: The Cyclone Aila which hit West Bengal and Bangladesh on May 25 and 26th, 2009, has devastated the lives and livelihoods of scores of people who live in the harm’s way. According to the Government of West Bengal statistics, over 6.77 million people have been affected and 137 killed in both North 24 Pargana and South 24 Paragana, the two worst hit districts of West Bengal. The cyclone aila collapsed more than 500 kilometers of embankments and 926,000 semi permanent houses. As on 7 June 2009 361,000 internally displaced people are still living in 569 make shift government relief camps. In view of overwhelming needs and expected early monsoon forecast, there is a high demand of safe drinking water, sanitation facilities, good hygiene practices, access to healthy food, temporary shelters and critical medical facilities, mostly in those affected cut off villages of Sunderbans. As per the official damage report by Government of West Bengal, 2.89 million hector agricultural lands have been inundated with 100% loss of standing crops and stored grains specially in South 24 Pargana & North 24 Pargana. In most of the villages, the grain storage which usually supplies food to a family is washed away along with the main house, resulting in lack of food security of the islanders. During the field survey, it seemed evident that, in most of the islands, agriculture would be impossible in next three years. Many of the islanders confirmed that they had never faced such a devastating cyclone in the last 20 years (the last super cyclone in West Bengal was in 1988). Sphere India: Unified Response Strategy ‐ Inter Agency Multi Sectoral Assessment, Cyclone Aila, June 2009 Page 4 of 64 Based on latest analysis with Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models and other conventional techniques, estimated track and intensity of the system related to Cyclone Aila are given in the Table below: Date/Time(IST) Position Sustained maximum surface (lat. 0N/long. 0E) wind speed (kmph) 25.05.2009/0230 20.0/88.0 70 gusting to 80 25.05.2009/0530 20.5/88.0 90 gusting to 100 25.05.2009/1130 21.5/88.0 100 gusting to 110 25.05.2009/1730 22.5/88.0(over land) 80 gusting to 90 25.5.2009/2330 22.5/88.0 (over land) 70 gusting to 80 26.05.2009/0530 24.5/88.5(over land) 55 gusting to 65 Mr. Manmohan Singh-the Prime Minister of India, has announced ex-gratia relief of 200,000 rupees for each of those killed in the cyclone in the state and other affected areas. Rural Development Minister C P Joshi has ordered a grant of 100 million rupees for relief work for cyclone-hit people in West Bengal. Meanwhile, the Ministry of Defence has dispatched 20 medical teams of armed forces personnel to the Aila affected areas of North and South 24 Parganas district of the State. The State Government has sought technical advice from the army for its reconstruction. In the Sunderbans delta zone, large areas, including several villages, within the Kakdwip Sub-Division, the situation made thousands quit their damage houses and stay in relief camps. Huge tracts of paddy fields have been inundated and in several places the force of water has led to breaching of river embankments. The high tides have left most of the riverside villages gutted. The waters simply rushed in, destroying mud and bamboo walls of the houses. In many villages, with the collapse of houses, boats have turned into houses. The island of Kumirmari, deep inside Sunderbans, more than 15 days after the Cyclone Aila, over 100 homeless people have found refuge in boats, as there is no choice. Sphere India: Unified Response Strategy ‐ Inter Agency Multi Sectoral Assessment, Cyclone Aila, June 2009 Page 5 of 64 In Basirhat Sub Division, Hingalgunj is one of the most affected blocks in North 24 Pargana, within Kakdwip Sub-Division, the worst affected is the Pathar Pratima block, where under Gopal Nagar Gram Panchayat, the river has breached the embankment in Mithapukur. Villages like Sitarampur, Gobardhanpur, Ganashyampur, Jagatballavpur Achintapur etc have been inundated. A switch break has occurred at Ramganga. Many of the regular boats and ferries that ply in the region have sunk or lost under the force of the tides. Much need to be done in Patharpratima, Hingalganj, Sagar Islands and Gosaba, where damage has been colossal. The last cyclone, the Great Calcutta Cyclone, wrecked the city on October 5, 1864, killing 60,000 people. DISTRICT MAP OF WEST BENGAL Sphere India: Unified Response Strategy ‐ Inter Agency Multi Sectoral Assessment, Cyclone Aila, June 2009 Page 6 of 64 STATE IAG WEST BENGAL COORDINATION MEETINGS: 24 hours prior to the cyclone aila, State IAG West Bengal started alerting its members and provided early warning signals to the agencies mostly working in South and North Bengal. A rapid State IAG emergency meeting was called on 26 May 2009 within 24 hrs of cyclone aila which was attended by over 32 members including members from South 24 Pargana and North 24 Pargana including INGO, NGO, local and UN agencies. The key stakeholders, including UNICEF, UNDP, WWF and leading NGOs including CARITAS, Catholic Relief Services (CRS), Lutheran World Service India (LWSI), World Vision, Oxfam India, Save the Children (SCF), Goal India, Mennonite Central Committee (MCC), Udayani, PRISM, HCWS , ABCD, SAHAY, Seva Kendra, PUS, DRCSC, INSS, GUP and the representatives from respective Community Based Organizations. Upon common consensus, the frequency meetings continued every after every 72 hours for two more times, members shared their initial response plans and unanimously plotted maps of their next 72 action plans. This helped to ensure reaching out to maximum affected areas and avoid possible duplication of resources. The minutes of the meeting have been regularly shared with the Department of Disaster Management and with Sphere India, national coalition of humanitarian agencies. Sphere India: Unified Response Strategy ‐ Inter Agency Multi Sectoral Assessment, Cyclone Aila, June 2009 Page 7 of 64 SPHERE INDIA EMERGENCY COORDINATION MEETING: In order to address the growing devastating situation of Cyclone Aila, an Emergency Coordination Meeting was convened by Sphere India at the Sphere Secretariat on June 1, 2009 from 3 p.m. to 6 p.m. The main purpose of the meeting was to discuss about the concerning situation of the cyclone and the need for an Inter-Agency Multi Sectoral Team to assess the ground realities. The participants of the meeting include representatives from USAID - India
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