-Based and Accelerators for High-Energy Physics

Ralph Assmann, DESY and INFN Edda Gschwendtner, CERN

EPS-HEP2021, Virtual at Hamburg, DESY, 26 – 30 July 2021

30 July 2021 Follow-Up to European Strategy Particle Physics

Expert Panel “High Gradient: Plasma and Laser Mandate: Accelerators” • Develop a long-term roadmap for the next 30 years towards a Follow-up Panel to Europ. Strategy for Particle Physics HEP collider or other HEP applications. Panel proposes roadmap for use in Particle Physcis • Develop milestones for the next 10 years taking explicitly into Panel members: account the plans and needs in related scientific fields as well as Chair: Ralph Assmann (DESY/INFN) the capabilities and interests of the stakeholders. Deputy Chair: Edda Gschwendtner (CERN) • Establish key R&D needs matched to the existing and planned Kevin Cassou (IN2P3/IJCLab), Sebastien Corde (IP Paris), R&D facilities. Laura Corner ( Liverpool), Brigitte Cros (CNRS UPSay), • Give options and scenarios for European activity level and Massimo Ferarrio (INFN), Simon Hooker (Oxford), Rasmus Ischebeck (PSI), Andrea Latina (CERN), Olle Lundh (Lund), investment. Patric Muggli (MPI Munich), Phi Nghiem (CEA/IRFU), Jens • Define deliverables until the next European strategy process in Osterhoff (DESY), Tor Raubenheimer (SLAC), Arnd Specka 2026, which allow deciding on the continuation of this R&D line (IN2PR/LLR), Jorge Vieira (IST), Matthew Wing (UCL). for HEP. Panel associated members: Cameron Geddes (LBNL), Mark Hogan (SLAC)), Wei Lu (Tsinghua U.) , Pietro Musumeci (UCLA) Elaborate consultation process with 231 registered participants, 3 townhall meetings, > 60 talks and inputs. Due to limited time: Talk just giving a quick look R. Assmann, E. Gschwendtner 2 Plasma and Laser Accelerators: New Livingston Curve

Nobel prize Physics 2013 Englert/Higgs • Examples of new ideas and solutions: RF, AG focusing, beta squeeze, stochastic cooling, polarized beams, super- conducting magnets/RF, advanced materials for vacuum/collimators, plasma / laser accelerators, … • Particle physics in the driver seat for most of those developments

Nobel prize Physics 2018

Accelerators are in a continuous technology innovation cycle to be successful: R. Assmann, E. Gschwendtner 3 Plasma and Laser Accelerator Principle Damage limits for metallic walls in RF cavities limit accelerating fieldsà replace metal with plasmas or dielectric materials à advance into the many GV/m regime à shorter acc. lengths à reduced cost?

Lasers or THz pulses or e-

et al beams drive dielectric structures (e.g. Silicium) Pousa “Accelerator on a Chip” grant Moore

Ferran foundation: Stanford, SLAC, University Erlangen, DESY, University Hamburg, PSI, , A. A. , EPFL, University Darmstadt, CST, UCLA

AXSIS ERC Synergy Grant: DESY, Arizona SU EuPRAXIA

Options for driving plasma and dielectric structures (no klystrons at those frequencies): • : Industrially available, steep progress, path to low cost Limited energy per drive pulse (up to 50 J) Illustration from from Illustration • e- bunch: Short bunches (need µm) available, need long RF accelerator More energy per drive pulse (up to 500 J) Tajima & Dawson 1979 • p+ bunch: Only long (inefficient) bunches, need very long RF accelerator Maximum energy per drive pulse (up to 100,000 J) R. Assmann, E. Gschwendtner 4 Shrinking the Size of Particle Physics Facility

Added value RF Accelerators 400 m new Research Infrastructures due > 30,000 operational – many serve for Health to compactness and cost-efficiency bringing new capabilities to science, 30 million Volt per meter institutes, hospitals, universities, RF: 90 years of success story for society industry, developing countries.

60* m Plasma Accelerators 5 GeV first user facility to be realized example 100,000 million Volt per meter *realistic design including all required infrastructure for powering, shielding, …

Can we shrink the Linear Collider, provide e- and e+ beams in the TeV energy regime and produce > 1034 cm-2 s-1 luminosity?

R. Assmann, E. Gschwendtner 5 Can we shrink the Linear Collider? provide e- and e+ beams in the TeV energy regime and produce > 1034 cm-2 s-1 luminosity

TDR’s published

FCC Future Circular Collider 100 km, e+e-, pp TDR to be Technical design toworked be done out

from expert panel interim report • No fundamental show-stopper but a lot of R&D still required. • There can be very interesting and useful interim steps (non-linear QED, fixed target, dark matter, …) • Devil is in the details! Answer requires detailed simulation, calculations, R&D, designs and tests! • How and when can we arrive at readiness for for high energy particle physics, e.g. a TeV collider? R. Assmann, E. Gschwendtner 6 Can we shrink the Linear Collider? provide e- and e+ beams in the TeV energy regime and produce > 1034 cm-2 s-1 luminosity

from expert panel interim report How and when can we arrive at readiness for for high energy particle physics? R. Assmann, E. Gschwendtner 7 #2 #3 Input to Expert Panel Speaker Institute Country Title Speaker Institute Country Title Paolo Tomassini CNR-INO Italy Ultra-low emittance round beams with multi-pulse Edward Snedden STFC Daresbury UK High gradient acceleration at the CLARA Test Facility ionization injection schemes Allen Caldwell MPI for Physics Germany Particle Physics possibilities with AWAKE-like See https://indico.cern.ch/event/1041900/ Markus Büscher FZJ Germany Polarized particle beams from laser-plasma Munich technology and https://indico.cern.ch/event/1040116/ accelerators Massimo Ferrario LNF/INFN Italy High quality beam-driven plasma acceleration and FEL Max LaBerge University of Texas USA Coherent transition radiation-based emittance Moana Pittman IJCLab, CNRS France High intensity laser facility for High gradient accelerator at Austin diagnostics development #1 Rafal Zgadzaj University of Texas USA Optical probe of energy dissipation from e-beam driven Speaker Institute Country Title Robert Rossmanith Germany Preferred machine for testing a laser plasma at Austin plasma wakes accelerator at CERN: CERN eSPS Dave Newbold STFC UK Particle Physics Strategy and Accelerator Christopher Doss University of USA Strong beam focusing with passive, Wei Lu Tsinghua University China CEPC high energy plasma injector and PWFA driven Rutherford R&D Colorado Boulder underdense plasma lenses coherent light source based on SXFEL facility Tong Zhou LBNL USA Coherent combination of high-power fiber lasers for Francois Lemery DESY Germany SRF-based collinear beam-driven acceleration for a Ralph DESY, INFN, Germany, Introduction to the Expert Panel on High- laser-plasma-based collider applications future TeV collider Assmann, Edda CERN Italy, Gradient Acceleration (Plasma/Laser) Geschwendtner CERN Franck Falcoz Amplitude France Roadmap for high average power ultrashort laser Florian Burkart DESY Germany 150 MeV S-Band injector linac with high stability and Technologies ultra-short electron bunches¶ Andrea Latina CERN CERN Linear Colliders - Plans and Advanced Andreas Maier DESY Germany High average power laser-plasma acceleration Guoxing Xia University of UK Plasma beam dump and its implementation in future Accelerators Opportunities Roman Walczak University of Oxford UK MP-LWFA to improve LPA repetition rate and efficiency Manchester colliders / European Network for Novel Acceleraetors Fahim Habib Strathclyde UK Plasma photocathode HEP R&D Frank CERN CERN Circular Collider - Plans and Advanced (EuroNNAc) University Zimmermann Accelerator Opportunities Leonida Antonio CNR-INO Italy Towards PW scale laser driver with 100 Hz / Update on Viacheslav Kubytskyi IJCLab, CNRS France Plasma target development for PALLAS project Gizzi the design of a kHz-KW laser driver for plasma Matthew Wing University UK First Physics Experiments with Advanced Alban Sublet CERN CERN AWAKE scalable plasma sources R&D at CERN College London Accelerator Concepts acceleration Thomas Heinemann Strathclyde UK Hybrid plasma wakefield accelerators as test-beds for Simon Hooker University of Oxford UK Low-loss, metre-scale plasma channels for high- University HEP building blocks Beate DESY Germany Electron-Photon Based HEP Experiments - repetition rate plasma accelerators Heinemann Plans and Advanced Accelerator Christelle Bruni IJCLab, CNRS France High peak current electron beam transport and Wim Leemans DESY Germany Strategy for enabling plasma-based accelerators to Opportunities diagnostics drive first particle-physics applications Jerome Faure LOA, CNRS France High repetition rate laser-plasma acceleration Daniel Schulte CERN CERN Target Parameters for Typical HEP Relevant Antonio Falone LNF/INFN Italy EuPRAXIA - Proposal for a distributed research facility Beams towards the realization of a FEL plasma based Maxence Thevenet DESY Germany Multi-physics simulations and plasma accelerators accelerator, organization, current status and outlook Arnaud Beck LLR, CNRS France The importance of software engineering for PIC Erik Adli University of Norway Collider Concepts with Plasma: Where to simulations Oslo Go and Required Features for e+/e-, gg, Claudio Emma SLAC USA Light-source applications of advanced accelerators Ricardo Fonseca IST Lisbon Portugal OSIRIS 2030: Strategy for future plasma-based fixed target,... Sebastien Meuren SLAC USA Exploring the fully no-perturbative regime of QED at a acceleration modeling Future Linear Collider Carl Schroeder LBNL USA Laser-Driven Plasma Wakefield Accelerators Jean-Luc Vay LBNL USA Open-source simulation ecosystem for laptop to Spencer Gessner SLAC USA Towards an integrated design study for a Plasma Linear Exascale modeling of high-gradient accelerators Jens Osterhoff DESY Germany Beam-Driven Plasma Wakefied Accelerators Collider / plasma wakefield acceleration research at FACET-II Denys Bondar Kharkiv Institute Ukraine Some Aspects of Laser Wakefield Acceleration of Self- Physics and injected Electron Bunch in a Metallic-Density Electron Rasmus PSI Switzer- Dielectrics Accelerators and Other Mark Hogan SLAC USA Plasma wakefield acceleration at FACET-II / GARD Technology Plasma Ischebeck land Advanced Concepts beam test facilities in the US Gianluca Sarri Queen's University UK Plasma-based positron sources R&D: current status and Richard d’Arcy DESY Germany High-average power beam driven plasma acceleration Jorge Vieira IST Lisbon Portugal Theory and Simulations Belfast next steps Cedric Thaury LOA, CNRS France Increase of the energy gain in a laser-plasma Pietro UCLA USA Snowmass Frontier on Advanced Giuseppe Torrisi INFN Italy CW collinear hollow-core scheme for Dielectric Laser accelerator stage Musumeci Accelerators (AF6 Coordinator) Accelerators (DLAs) Enrica Chiadroni LNF/INFN Italy High beam quality R&D at SPARC_LAB Frank Mayet, Willi DESY Germany Dielectric Structures as Diagnostics and Beam Carl Lindstroem DESY Germany Staging of plasma accelerators for high-energy, stability Kuropka Manipulation Devices Panel organized 3 Townhall Meetings and beam quality Joel England SLAC USA Structure-Based Laser-Driven Accelerators Carlo Benedetti LBNL USA Ion motion, hosing suppression and beam quality Guillaume Martinet IPN Orsay France Dielectric wave guide for short electron beam for input on relevant activitiesà 230 preservation in plasma-based accelerators acceleration and compression at THz frequencies Phi Nghiem CEA R. Assmann,France EuPRAXIA E. Gschwendtnersolutions and plans for a plasma-based Steven Patrick Lancaster University UK mm-wave and THz acceleration 8 participants in consultation process accelerator with high beam quality Jamison R. Assmann, E. Gschwendtner 9 R. Assmann, E. Gschwendtner 10 https://www.esfri.eu/latest-esfri-news/new-ris-roadmap-2021 Press Release ESFRI 30.6.21

R. Assmann, E. Gschwendtner Main Challenges for Particle Physics Use Reviewed

Electron beam with collider quality Conceptual design very compact collider 1-100 GV/m acceleration, 15000 nC/s charge with physics case, self-consistent machine parameter set, delivered, sub-micron transverse emittances, realistic assessment of feasibility issues, performance, -4 10 rel. energy spread, spin polarization. size and cost. Goal 1 Deliverables: on injectors, numerical simulations, Deliverables on a coordinated international design study, repetition rate, efficiency, beam loading, including beam delivery, luminosity and interaction emittance preservation, energy spread control, region design were proposed. polarization, staging, … were proposed. Intermediate steps towards a particle physics collider and synergy Solution for positron acceleration with progress in photon science and lower energy with parameters similar to electron bunches. applications. Goal 2 Deliverables: on numerical simulations, proof-of- Deliverables for intermediate implementation steps principle experiments were proposed. were proposed.

R. Assmann, E. Gschwendtner 13 High Gradient Plasma and Laser Accelerators Accelerator R&D Roadmap Pillars

Feasibility, Pre-CDR Technical Integration & High Gradient Study DemonstrationPlasma and Laser Accelerators Outreach Accelerator R&D Roadmap Pillars Scope: 1st international, coor- Scope: Demonstration of critical Synergy and Integration: Bene- + - dinated study for self-consistent feasibilityFeasibility, Preparameters-CDR Technicalfor e e Integrationfits for and & synergy with other analysis of novel technologies colliderStudyand 1st HEP applicationsDemonstration scienceOutreach fields (e.g. structural Scope: 1st international, coor- Scope: Demonstration of critical Synergy and Integration: Bene- dinated study for self-consistent feasibility parameters for e+e- fits for and synergy with other and their particle physics reach, analysisConceptof novel: technologiesPrioritisedcolliderlistand 1ofst HEPR&Dapplications sciencebiology,fields (e.g. structuralmaterials, lasers, health) intermediate HEP steps, collider and their particle physics reach, Concept: Prioritised list of R&D biology,andmaterials,projectslasers, health) (e.g. EuPRAXIA, …) intermediatethat canHEP steps,becolliderperformedthat can beatperformedexistat -exist- and projects (e.g. EuPRAXIA, …) feasibility, performance, quanti- feasibility, performance, quanti- ing, planned R&D infrastructures Access: Establishing framework tativeing,costplanned-size-benefit analysisR&D infrastructuresin national, European, interna- for wellAccess-defined access: toEstablishingdistri- framework tative cost-size-benefit analysis Concept: Comparative paper stu- tional landscape buted accelerator R&D land- dyin(mainnational,concepts included) European,Milestones: internaHQ e- beam by -2026, scapefor well-defined access to distri- Milestones: Report high energy HQ e+ beam by 2032, 15 kHz Innovation: Compact accelerator Concept: Comparative paper stu- etional- and e+ linaclandscapemodule case high eff. beam and power and laserbutedtechnologyacceleratorspin-offs R&D land- studies, report physics case(s) sources by 2037 (sustainability) and synergies with industry - dy (main concepts included) DeliverableMilestones: Feasibility :andHQpre- e beamDeliverableby: Technical2026readiness, Trainingscape: Involvement and edu- CDR report in 2026 for Euro- level (TRL) report in 2026 for Eu- cation of next generation engi- Milestones: Report high energy pean,HQnationale+ decisionbeammakers by 2032ropean, national, 15decisionkHzmakers neers Innovationand scientists : Compact accelerator e- and e+ linac module case high eff. beam and power and laser technology spin-offs studies, report physics case(s) sources by 2037 (sustainability) and synergies with industry Deliverable: Feasibility and pre- Deliverable: Technical readiness Training: Involvement and edu- CDR report in 2026 for Euro- level (TRL) report in 2026 for Eu- cation of next generation engi- pean, national decision makers ropean, national decision makers neers and scientists R. Assmann, E. Gschwendtner 14 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 Development of programs and computing infrastructure for high energy S2E simulations (Exascale, …) Comparative case study: high energy electron linac, high rep rate limits Milestone report: Simulation 15 GeV, multi-stage electron Report Pre-CDR / feasibility study, paper work, accelerator, cost and footprint findings listed - no priorisation and no

Very compact collider concepts, IR challenges and Preparation: Physics down-selection of topics yet opportunities, polarization, round vs flat physics case case

Preparation: Comparative case study: high energy positron linac theory , sim

Comparative case study: low energy electron linac

Conceptual design low energy HEP facility, intermediate Preparation: test facility physics case Comparative study beam and laser drivers, efficiency, transformer ratios Deliverable: Comparative Feasibility Report for HEP (pre- Report CDR) Decision point Conceptual design study very compact collider, low energy CDR HEP, intermediate facility Technical design study very compact collider, low energy HEP, intermediate facility

R. Assmann, E. Gschwendtner 15 High Gradient Plasma and Laser Accelerators Accelerator R&D Roadmap Pillars

Feasibility, Pre-CDR Technical Integration & High Gradient Study Demonstration OutreachPlasma and Laser Accelerators Accelerator R&D Roadmap Pillars Scope: 1st international, coor- Scope: Demonstration of critical Synergy and Integration: Bene- + - dinated study for self-consistent feasibility parameters for e e fitsFeasibility,for and Pre-CDRsynergy withTechnicalother Integration & analysis of novel technologies collider and 1st HEP applications scienceStudyfields (e.g.Demonstrationstructural Outreach Scope: 1st international, coor- Scope: Demonstration of critical Synergy and Integration: Bene- dinated study for self-consistent feasibility parameters for e+e- fits for and synergy with other and their particle physics reach, Concept: Prioritised list of R&D analysisbiology,of novelmaterials,technologies lasers,collider and 1sthealth)HEP applications science fields (e.g. structural intermediate HEP steps, collider andandtheirprojectsparticle physics reach,(e.g. EuPRAXIA,Concept: Prioritised…list)of R&D biology, materials, lasers, health) that can be performed at exist- intermediate HEP steps, collider that can be performed at exist- and projects (e.g. EuPRAXIA, …) feasibility, performance, quanti- ing, planned R&D infrastructures Access: Establishing framework feasibility, performance, quanti- ing, planned R&D infrastructures tativeAccesscost-size:-benefitEstablishinganalysis in national,frameworkEuropean, interna- for well-defined access to distri- tative cost-size-benefit analysis Concept: Comparative paper stu- tional landscape buted accelerator R&D land- in national, European, interna- dyfor(mainwellconcepts-included)defined accessMilestonesto: HQ edistri- beam by 2026- , scape Milestones: Report high energy HQ e+ beam by 2032, 15 kHz Innovation: Compact accelerator Concept: Comparative paper stu- tional landscape ebuted- and e+ linacacceleratormodule case highR&Deff. beam landand power- and laser technology spin-offs studies, report physics case(s) sources by 2037 (sustainability) and synergies with industry - dy (main concepts included) Milestones: HQ e beam by 2026, Deliverablescape: Feasibility and pre- Deliverable: Technical readiness Training: Involvement and edu- CDR report in 2026 for Euro- level (TRL) report in 2026 for Eu- cation of next generation engi- Milestones: Report high energy HQ e+ beam by 2032, 15 kHz pean,Innovationnational decision makers: Compactropean,acceleratornational decision makers neers and scientists e- and e+ linac module case high eff. beam and power and laser technology spin-offs studies, report physics case(s) sources by 2037 (sustainability) and synergies with industry Deliverable: Feasibility and pre- Deliverable: Technical readiness Training: Involvement and edu- CDR report in 2026 for Euro- level (TRL) report in 2026 for Eu- cation of next generation engi- pean, national decision makers ropean, national decision makers neers and scientists R. Assmann, E. Gschwendtner 16 R&D Area R&D Topic (in random order) 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 Sources of , , plasmas, and high power laser pulses High-quality electron beams from a LWFA injector PALLAS, ELI, DESY, EuPRAXIA, Tsinghua, CLF/RAL/EPAC, ... Address particle physics' unique requirements: Advanced plasma photoguns with ultra-low 15kHz repetition rate, nanometer emittance, many Strathclyde, FACET-2, ... emittance electron beams MJ stored energy, component efficiency at 30-50% level, high rigidity of main beam, need for compact Compact generation of positron beams up to GeV Queens University Belfast, EuPRAXIA, ... solutions High average power, high effciency laser drivers CNR, DESY, STFC, CLF, Oxford, CNRS, EuPRAXIA, industry, Liverpool, LLNL, LBNL, ... and schemes Hybrid laser-beam driver schemes: demonstration, HZDR, LMU University, Strathclyde, CNRS, CLARA/FEBE, CLF/RAL/EPAC, ... stability, efficiency Development of plasma sources for high-repetition Oxford, DESY, LNF/INFN, AWAKE, ... rate, multi-GeV stages

System tests: high quality electrons Dielectric accelerator module with high quality 5 MeV, Erlangen, STFC, PSI, DESY, CLARA, ... R&D often driven by other science fields that will beam for first applications 1 pC benefit from first, lower energy applications. Results Electron-driven plasma accelerator-based Free- First la- User OP will of prove collider single bunch quality LNF/INFN, DESY, PWFA-FEL TDR /CLARA, EuPRAXIA, ... Electron Laser in saturation sing LNF EuPRAXIA EuPRAXIA First la- Laser-driven plasma accelerator-based soft-Xray User OP Satura- sing SOLEIL/CNRS, DESY, ELI, BELLA, TDR EuPRAXIA,... EuPRAXIA Free-Electron Laser in saturation SIOM EuPRAXIA tion

Electron beam with fixed target beam quality from AWAKE --> Ready for Fixed AWAKE p-PWFA Scalability Target Experiments Collider components Staging of electron plasma accelerators including in- BELLA, DESY, EuPRAXIA, CLARA/FEBE, CLF/RAL/EPAC, AWAKE, ... Demonstrate various collider components or aspects and outcoupling that are of critical importance for particle physics Polarized electrons: targetry, polarimetry, Input to applications FZJ, DESY, ... polarization conservation concepts Plasma lens R&D, towards transversely tapered DESY, FACET-2, BELLA, Oslo University, CLARA/FEBE, Liverpool, CLEAR, ... designs Stable high transformer ratio PWFA with high eff. FACET-2, LNF/INFN, DESY, ... and low energy spread

Positron high energy plasma acceleration module FACET-2, ...

10GeV in e-seeding, 10m, low Proton-driven kJ electron acceleration module AWAKE high grad. emit. Possible HEP test facility Possible construction HEP test facility advanced R. Assmann, E. Gschwendtner 17 accelerators (start OP in 2035), if in pre-CDR 2026 Input and findings: 56 proposed milestones and deliverables for R&D until 2037. To be discussed further and prioritized in next step of the roadmap process.

R. Assmann, E. Gschwendtner 18 High Gradient Plasma and Laser Accelerators Accelerator R&D Roadmap Pillars

Feasibility, Pre-CDR Technical Integration & High Gradient Study Demonstration Outreach Plasma and Laser Accelerators Accelerator R&D Roadmap Pillars Scope: 1st international, coor- Scope: Demonstration of critical Synergy and Integration: Bene- + - dinated study for self-consistent feasibility parameters for e e fits for and synergy with other Feasibility, Pre-CDR Technical Integration & analysis of novel technologies collider and 1st HEP applications science fields (e.g. structural Study Demonstration Outreach Scope: 1st international, coor- Scope: Demonstration of critical Synergy and Integration: Bene- and their particle physics reach, biology, materials, lasers, health) dinated study for self-consistent feasibility parameters for e+e- fits for and synergy with other Concept: Prioritised list of R&D analysis of novel technologies collider and 1st HEP applications science fields (e.g. structural intermediate HEP steps, collider and projects (e.g. EuPRAXIA, …) and their particle physics reach, Concept: Prioritised list of R&D biology, materials, lasers, health) that can be performed at exist- intermediate HEP steps, collider that can be performed at exist- and projects (e.g. EuPRAXIA, …) feasibility, performance, quanti- feasibility, performance, quanti- ing, planned R&D infrastructures Access: Establishing framework ing, planned R&D infrastructures Access: Establishing framework tative cost-size-benefit analysis in national, European, interna- for well-defined access to distri- tative cost-size-benefit analysis Concept: Comparative paper stu- tional landscape buted accelerator R&D land- in national, European, interna- for well-defined access to distri- dy (main concepts included) Milestones: HQ e- beam by 2026, scape Milestones: Report high energy HQ e+ beam by 2032, 15 kHz Innovation: Compact accelerator Concept: Comparative paper stu- tional landscape buted accelerator R&D land- e- and e+ linac module case high eff. beam and power and laser technology spin-offs studies, report physics case(s) sources by 2037 (sustainability) and synergies with industry - dy (main concepts included) Milestones: HQ e beam by 2026, scape Deliverable: Feasibility and pre- Deliverable: Technical readiness Training: Involvement and edu- + CDR report in 2026 for Euro- level (TRL) report in 2026 for Eu- cation of next generation engi- Milestones: Report high energy HQ e beam by 2032, 15 kHz Innovation: Compact accelerator pean, national decision makers ropean, national decision makers neers and scientists e- and e+ linac module case high eff. beam and power and laser technology spin-offs studies, report physics case(s) sources by 2037 (sustainability) and synergies with industry Deliverable: Feasibility and pre- Deliverable: Technical readiness Training: Involvement and edu- CDR report in 2026 for Euro- level (TRL) report in 2026 for Eu- cation of next generation engi- pean, national decision makers ropean, national decision makers neers and scientists R. Assmann, E. Gschwendtner 19 • Executive Summary 2 p • Abstract 0,5 p Conclusion • Motivation for a Plasma and Laser Accelerator R&D Program 1 p • • State of the Art 2 p RF accelerators are drivers of excellence! • Objectives of a Plasma and Laser Accelerator R&D Program 2 p • We have a new technology with 1 – 100 GV/m: • Challenges of Plasma and Laser Accelerators 6 p • Plasma and Laser Accelerator R&D Program Drivers 2 p • Establishing compact e- beam research infrastructure in • Proposed ProgramDraftStructure and Deliverables 12 p GeV regime, proposed by 50 institutes, 100’s scientists, • Roadmap, Work Plan and Timeline 4 p • on ESFRI roadmap (EuPRAXIA) + national projects. Impact of a Plasma and Laser Accelerator R&D Program 4 p • Applicationsunderto Other Fields anddiscussionSociety 2 p • Use of this technology for High Energy Physics: • Scenario of Engagement and Investments 2 p • Sustainability 1 p • Many challenges to be solved for very compact colliders

à not at all easy but no fundamental showstopper. alet Pousa

• Start stringent, coordinated innovation cycle for develo- Ferran ping new HEP discovery reach (feasibility à interme- , A.

diate facility à collider) with all its risks and benefits… EuPRAXIA • Final roadmap will describe detailed challenges, milestones and required support! Illustration from R. Assmann, E. Gschwendtner Tajima & Dawson 197920 Thank you for your attention!

Comments and suggestions very welcome and needed to prepare the best possible report

ralph.assmann@.de [email protected]

Or send it to the expert panel:

[email protected]

R. Assmann, E. Gschwendtner 21