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An Integrated Approach to Coastal Area Manage,Ment J I an Integrated Approach to Coastal Area Managem N

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An Integrated Approach to Coastal Area Manage,Ment J I an Integrated Approach to Coastal Area Managem N The Riches of Diani-Chale - an integrated approach to coastal area management. Item Type Report Publisher Coast Development Authority Download date 05/10/2021 08:08:35 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/7249 An integrated approach to coastal area manage,ment J I An integrated approach to coastal area managem n Compiled by: The ICAM Secretariat Photos, Graphics and Design by: Anthony Mwangl December 2002 Coast Development Authority (COA) CDA is a Regional Developmenr Aurhoriry esrablished ro provide integrared development planning, facilirarion, iniriarion, coordinarion and implementation of projecrs and programmes wirhin irs area of jurisdicrion namely the whole of Coasr Province and Ijara Districr and rhe Kenyan Exclusive Economic Zone (£EZ). Fisheries Department Established in 1954, the Fisheries Department is mandated to undertake fi heries management and development in Kenya. Irs primary objectives are to: increase fisheries production and revenue in a sustainable manner; improve income and employment; conserve biodiversity; and contribute to food security and poverty reduction. The Department is currently under the Ministry of Agriculrure and Rural Development. Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KEMFRI) KEMFRI is a parastatal with a mandate to carry out research in marine and freshwarer fisheries, aquatic bio'logy, aquaculture, and environmental and ecological studies. Through multidisciplinary research programmes the Institute addresses issues and concerns on susrainable utilization of aquatic resources, managemenr and conservation of inland, coastal and marine waters of Kenya. Kwale County Council (KCC) As a government -council the main mission of Kwale County Council is to mobilize all the resources within the county, team up wirh all srakeholders within her jurisdiction to meet a common goal of achieving acceptable standards of life byway of improving facilities and structures that will boost socio-economic acrivities such as agriculture, trade, livestock production, tourism, fishing and other resources. The council also endeavours to maintain a clean environment. Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS) KWS is a government parastatal entrusted with the conservation and management ofwildlife resources. KWS manages biodiversity resources within and outside Kenya's KENYA protecred areas through policy development, management planning, moniroring WILDLIFE and security, and conservarion awareness programs. K\X'S achieves these goal SERVICE through participation and support of local communiries, local and internarional NGOs, and partnerships with government organizarions, donors and the private sector. IUCN . Eastern African Regional Programme ruCN-EARO facilirares the implementarion of the IUCN Programme in Sudan, Erirrea, Djibouti, Somalia, Kenya, Tanzania, Comoros, Seychelles, Uganda and Ie Ethiopia. Ir assisrs members and partners in the region wirh capacity building through l1It Wotld CootemIloft Union rhe implementarion of programmes and projects, networking, and technical advice. pecific areas of expertise include: protecred areas, ecosysrem management, biodiversity constlrvation, environmental planning and strategies, and supporr to environmental NGOs. Colour Separation by rmage Repro Printing by Majestic Printing Works Table of Contents PREFACE 5 INTRODUCTION 7 NATURAL RESOURCES 9 WHO LIVES AND WORKS IN DIANI-CHALE? 13 FiSHERIES 17 TOURiSM 20 OTHER ECONOMIC ACTIVI IES 22 MANAGEMENT IN THE DIANI-CHALE AREA 23 Acknowledgements This report is the result of work by numerous individuals, to whom grateful thanks are extended. They include: Members of the ICAM Secretariat who authored or made major contributions to the scientific profiles: B.A.]. Mwandotto, R. Ruwa, N. Muthiga, S. Mwaguni, M. Mukira, M. Skanda, H. Ong'anda, W. Mburu, A. Mkazalla, eN. Munga (who also prepared the Kiswahili translation) Other contributors to the scientific profiles: M. Amri, Andwana, G. Amboga, M. Chimbonja, R. Choka. P. Gwada, S. Hemphill, e Hicks, E. Kahaso, F. Kanguno, M. Karama, G. Kimaro, A. Kimathi, E. Kimani, M. Kimbonja, S. Kioko, D. Kirugara, R. Lewa, Q. Luke, L. Lumumba, ). Lumwnba, Mabavu wa Mabavu, N. Makanda, Makuba, Mamati, K. Mazera, O. Mazuri, T. McClanahan, e Mishira, C. Mino, A. Mnyendze, G. Moragwa, M. Muthembwa, I. Mwachala, L. Mwachoo, H. Mwaguo, H.). Mwahari, B. Mwakunemwa, S. Mwangi, A. Mwansei, A. Mwarako, Mwasabuni, G. Mwatha, A. Mweu, M. Mwinyi Kanga, S. Ndirangu, M. Ngoa, Z. Oclbiambo, M. Okiringiti, M. Osore, Otswongo, M. Pakia, M. Reid,).M. Rondo, M. Swazuri, S. Setu,). Uku, R. Yamuna, District Commissioner Kwale, General Manager of Chale Island Paradise Resort. The following organizations who provided information: KESCOM, CRCP, CORDIO, Colobus Trust, District Development Committee of Kwale, the District Officer's and Chiefs of the Matuga and Msambweni Divisions the Divisional Development Committees of Matuga and Msambweni Divisions, Government Chemist, National Museums of Kenya (particularly Stephen Mutava) and the Mombasa Municipality Public Health Laboratory. Staff of CDA, including those listed above as well as R. Mwadime, R. Abukar, and D. Githinji. StaffofIUCN-EARO, includingS. Wells, D. Oyugi, I. Ngugi, G. Arara and F. Njiriri. The Riches of Dlani-Chale An integrated approaCh to coastal area management Preface The Diani-Chale area on the South Coast of Kenya is endowed with many resources. These include a long white sandy beach, diverse coral reefs and mangroves, a rich cultural history and traditions including historic buildings and sacred forests (the !VIyas), as well as abundant marine and terrestrial wildlife such as marine turtles, dolphins, colobus monkeys and unique birds and planes. The natural resources have provided livelihoods for local communities for hundreds of years and more recently have supported a major tourism industry. The people of the area have much to be proud of as stewards of a key part of Kenya's heritage. Kenya has been unable to give adequate emphasis to the development of its marine and coastal environment, although this contributes significantly to its national economy. As seen in the Diani-Chale atea, a rapidly increasing and diversifying population has led to intensifying competition and conflict over the natural resources and their subsequent degradation. There is an urgent need therefore for integrated management, so that the area continues to provide healthy livelihoods for its inhabitants. The Integrated Coastal Area Management (ICAM) Secretariat (involving Kenya Marine and Fisheries R search Institute (KMFRI), Fisheries Department, Kenya WJldlife Services (KWS), Mornbasa City Council, and Kwale County Council), hosted by the Coast Development Authority (CDA), has initiated a process to develop an integrated approach to management that will ensure full participation of all stakeholders. The experiences gajned in similar work carried out in the Nyali-Bamburi-Shanzu area, where a management process has been impl mented at lomo Kenyatta Public Beach, are being used in this process. The first phase of the Diani-Chale initiative was financially supported by he MacArthur Foundation, with technical assistance from lUCN's Eastern African Regional Office. The new phase is being developed through the Kenya Coastal Management Ynitiative - Phase 2 and is funded by US-AID, through the Coastal Resources Center of the Univetsity of Rhode Island. It will be implemented by CDA through the rCAM Secretariat. This booklet summarizes the information documented in the profties prepared during the first phase of the initiative. It highlights the rich biodiversity, narural resources, and ultural at­ tributes of the area, outlines the key issues that need to be addressed to ensure their sustainable managemem, and describes some of the managemem approaches being u ed. II aims to in­ ctease awareness amongst all those who live, work and visit the area of the need for integrared management involving all takehol ers. The lCAM Secretariat takes this opporruniry to thank those involved in setting up the Dial1i­ Chale management process and will take up the challenge to ensure the devdopment and implementation ofan integrated action strategy for the management ofthe Diani-Chale feJ oW'ces in collaboration with local commuruti and all stakeholders. Prof. J. A. Lugogo Managing Director CoMt DeveJopment Authority (CDA) The Riches of Diani-Chale An Integrated approach 10 coastal area management. River Mwachema ~ -<;" ~ !eGOMBA Kw,lc DI.rri", Tanzania / DIANI N Coral reef Tourism infrastructure area KlNONDO Locarional Border KINO DO Airsrrip Roads ~f:.,. ~ ~~ I\~ Diani-Chale marine udzi National teserve bOtdet • Villages The Riches of Diani~Chale An integrated approach to coastal area management Introduction The Diani-Chale area lies in Msambweni Division of Kwale District. Coast Province, and covers some 250 sq km. It consists of two locations, each of which is administratively divided into two sub-locations: Gombato and Bongwe in Diani location; and Kinondo and Gazi in Kinondo location. The area lies between the River Mwachema in the north (some 26 km south of Mombasa) and Cbale J land and the River Mkurumudzi, a further 20 km to the south. Inland, it is bounded by the main Mombasa-Tanga road to Tanzania which runs through Ukunda town. The marine area, part of which includes the Diani Marine Reserve, covers slightly over 250 hectares. The coast is a raised coral reef, with low cliffs about 15 m above sea level, lined with what is perhaps the most striking natural feature - the long white
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