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Download Article (PDF) CHEMISTRY International The News Magazine of IUPAC July-August 2015 Volume 37 No. 4 E-Waste Challenges Uniform Description System for Nanomaterials INTERNATIONAL UNION OF Women in Chemistry PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY Chemistry International CHEMISTRY International Subscriptions The News Magazine of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry Six issues of Chemistry International (ISSN 0193-6484) will be published bimonthly in 2015 (IUPAC) (one volume per annum) in January, March, May, July, September, and November. The 2015 subscription rate is USD 110.00 for organizations and USD 65.00 for individuals. IUPAC Affiliate All information regarding notes for contributors, Members receive CI as part of their Membership subscription, and Members of IUPAC bodies subscriptions, Open Access, back volumes and orders is receive CI free of charge. available online at www.degruyter.com/ci ISSN 0193-6484, eISSN 1365-2192 Managing Editor: Periodicals postage paid at Durham, NC 27709-9990 and additional mailing offices. Fabienne Meyers POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Chemistry International, IUPAC Secretariat, PO Box IUPAC, c/o Department of Chemistry 13757, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-3757, USA. Boston University Metcalf Center for Science and Engineering © 2015 International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). 590 Commonwealth Ave. Boston, MA 02215, USA Cover: E-waste is an emerging global challenge due to the rapid obsolescence of technology. E-mail: [email protected] A new IUPAC project, entitled “The environmental and health challenges of e-waste and Phone: +1 617 358 0410 its management” will bring together global expertise to examine current research on the chemical nature of e-waste and its global distribution. See details, p. 22. Photo by Khadijah Production: Joshua Gannon Isimekhai (Middlesex University, UK) during a sampling survey in Nigeria in 2012. Printed by: Sheridan Communications BUILD YOUR OWN BOOK! NEW DE GRUYTER SELECT Individually assembled content For more information, visit Hardcover edition degruyter.com/select Printed Exclusively for you Contents CHEMISTRY International July-August 2015 Volume 37 No. 4 Vice President's Column 2 Features Towards a Uniform Description System for Materials on the Nanoscale 3 A Perspective on Chemistry Education 8 Mind the Gap: Comparison of the Role Played by Women in the Departments of Chemistry of Two Universities and the Influence of Gender on Their Participation 10 IUPAC Wire Awardees of the IUPAC 2015 Distinguished Women in Chemistry or Chemical Engineering Announced 15 IUPAC Announces the Winners of the 2015 IUPAC-SOLVAY International Award for Young Chemists 15 The Franzosini Award goes to Magdalena Bendová and Slobodan Gadzuric 16 Call for Nominations for IUPAC International Award in Crop Protection Chemistry 17 Polymer International–IUPAC Award—Call for Nominations 17 Tom Kariuki to Head the Alliance for Accelerating Excellence in Science in Africa 18 Chemical World Tour—4th Edition 18 Science an Important Theme at Post-2015 Negotiations in New York 19 Laudation on Behalf of the 80th Birthday of Koichi Hatada 19 In Memoriam: John William Lorimer 21 Project Place The Environmental and Health Challenges of E-Waste and its Management 22 IYC 2011 Description and Analysis of Activities 23 Accelerating the Participation and Leadership of Women in Chemistry 26 Bookworm Chemical Processes for a Sustainable Future 27 Stamps International The Discovery and Demise of Wodanium 28 Where 2B & Y 29 Mark Your Calendar 33 ViceSection President's head NEW Column by Natalia Tarasova tainability. It will also be a platform for international engage- or nearly one hundred years, ment, to ensure that knowledge is generated in partnership the mission of IUPAC has been with society and users of science. It is open to scientists of Fto contribute to the worldwide all disciplines, natural and social, as well as engineering, the understanding and application of the humanities, and law. The IUPAC Divisions and Committees chemical sciences to the betterment have a great potential to contribute to this platform. of the human condition. As a scien- The second example is the Strategic Approach to In- tific, international, non-governmen- ternational Chemical Management (SAICM, www.saicm. tal, and objective body, IUPAC can org). SAICM is a policy framework to promote chemical address many global issues involv- safety around the world. SAICM has as its overall objective ing the chemical sciences. By providing leadership, the achievement of the sound management of chemicals facilitation, and encouragement of chemistry, IUPAC throughout their life cycle, so that by 2020 chemicals are contributes to the expansion of scientific knowledge. produced and used in ways that minimize significant ad- verse impacts on human health and the environment. This What is scientific knowledge? How is it produced and then “2020 goal” was adopted by the World Summit on Sustain- applied to world needs? Scientists create some hypothesis able Development in 2002 as part of the Johannesburg Plan based on theories, develop models, and implement experi- of Implementation and is echoed in the UN’s Sustainable mental observations for the validation of the hypothesis Development Goals (CI, Jan-Feb 2015, pp 4-7). SAICM is (deductive inference). In time, based on the accumulation distinguished by its comprehensive scope, ambitious “2020 of factual knowledge, a new hypothesis can be formed (in- goal" for sound chemicals management, multi-stakeholder ductive inference). This knowledge (formal knowledge) can and multi-sectoral character, endorsement at the highest then be transferred and shared among the wider scientific political levels, emphasis on chemical safety as a sustain- community. By publishing papers and promoting communi- able issue, provision for resource mobilization, and formal cation, we exchange factual knowledge. Such widely shared endorsement or recognition by the governing bodies of key factual knowledge is defined as scientific knowledge. During intergovernmental organizations. Acknowledgement of the the past hundred years, this scientific knowledge has been essential economic role of chemicals and their contribution increasing exponentially. Differentiation and systematization to improved living standards needs to be balanced with the have proceeded, establishing a large number of disciplines. recognition of their potential costs. It is very difficult to adapt accumulated sub-system IUPAC is the official NGO partner of SAICM. Currently, knowledge to holistic knowledge in the service of human- the activities of IUPAC in the field of chemical safety and kind. Knowledge on a whole system can rarely be introduced other related fields are not well-known to other members of to a targeted sub-system. In many cases, knowledge in one SAICM from industrial sectors and intergovernmental orga- discipline is inapplicable to others. It is a difficult task to find nizations (including FAO and WHO), or to representatives of solutions to issues across disciplines. To realize the benefits countries and regions. The IUPAC Committee on Chemistry of scientific knowledge in society, we need to combine sci- and Industry (COCI) is now undertaking to fill this gap in col- entific knowledge of the natural world, the socio-economic laboration with other Standing Committees and Divisions of world, and the world of human beings, and develop trans- the IUPAC. disciplinarity as well as inter-disciplinarity. While staying true to its mission, IUPAC has the poten- How can we develop inter-disciplinarity and trans-disci- tial—and maybe the obligation—to participate in the many plinarity? We need to share data and information and inter- programs that contribute to the betterment of the human link our knowledge by developing models and exchanging condition. The expertise of chemists, and of IUPAC, is unique tools. Based on this kind of scientific activity, we can affect and complementary to that of others, and is as valuable to- cooperation between the scientific community and society. day as it has been for the past century. Two examples of initiatives framing interdisciplinary research are given below. Natalia Tarasova <[email protected]> is IUPAC Vice President and has The first is FUTURE EARTH, a program initiated by ICSU been a member of the IUPAC Bureau since 2008 and the Executive (www.icsu.org). Bringing together partnerships with existing Committee since 2010. She is a professor at the D. I. Mendeleev University programs on global environmental change, Future Earth will of Chemical Technology of Russia, a Member of the Russian Academy of be an international hub for new, interdisciplinary approaches Sciences, Director of the Institute of Chemistry and Problems of Sustainable to research on three themes: Dynamic Planet, Global Sus- Development, and a Chairholder of the UNESCO Chair of Green Chemistry tainable Development, and Transformations towards Sus- for Sustainable Development. 2 CHEMISTRY International July-August 2015 Towards a Uniform Description System for Materials on the Nanoscale by John Rumble, Steve Freiman, and Clayton Teague hen is a chemical not a chemical? When is a material not a material? The answer to both Wquestions can be considered the same: When the procedures and rules chemists and materi- als scientists have developed to describe those sub- stances no longer work. One area where this occurs is in the world of nanomaterials. These substances, containing hundreds of thousands to hundreds of millions
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