DOCSLIB.ORG

Bakalárska Práca

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Bakalárska Práca Univerzita Karlova v Praze Filozofická fakulta Ústav světových dějin Bakalárska práca Miroslava Beňačková Atlanta počas americkej občianskej vojny Atlanta during the American Civil War 2014 vedúci práce: PhDr. Jan Koura, Ph.D. Poďakovanie Chcela by som poďakovať vedúcemu mojej bakalárskej práce, PhDr. Janovi Kourovi, Ph.D. za cenné rady, pripomienky a pomoc pri vypracovávaní mojej práce. Taktiež by som chcela poďakovať Mgr. Ivete Maťušovej za gramatickú korektúru práce. Prohlašuji, že jsem bakalářskou práci vypracovala samostatně, že jsem řádně citovala všechny použité prameny a literaturu a že práce nebyla využita v rámci jiného vysokoškolského studia či k získání jiného nebo stejného titulu. V Praze dne .......................... ......................................... podpis Abstrakt: Predkladaná bakalárska práca bude analýzou politického, hospodárskeho a sociálneho diania v meste Atlanta v štáte Georgia v období americkej občianskej vojny. Cieľom bude nielen zdôrazniť jej kľúčové postavenie v rámci Konfederácie prostredníctvom analýzy prokonfederačnej činnosti jej obyvateľov, ale hlavne priblížiť každodenný život a postoje k daným udalostiam rôznych sociálnych skupín obyvateľstva (plantážnická aristokracia, stredná vrstva, deti, otroci). Veľká pozornosť bude kladená na bitku o Atlantu z 22. 7. 1864 a následné obliehanie a kapituláciu mesta. Rozobratá bude aj miestna dobová tlač a jej rola vo vojnových rokoch. Záverom sa pokúsim obhájiť či vyvrátiť hypotézu, že americká občianska vojna napomohla ďalšiemu rozvoju mesta, pretože bez nej by sa Atlanta nerozvíjala tak závratným tempom. Kľúčové slová: Americká občianska vojna, Atlanta, Georgia, Konfederácia, Únia, atlantské ťaženie Abstract: This bachelor thesis will be an analysis of the political, economic and social life in the city of Atlanta, Georgia during the American Civil War. The goal will not be only to emphasise its key position in the Confederacy through the analysis of pro-confederate actions of its inhabitans, but also through showing the everyday life and opinions on the events of various social groups (plantation aristocracy, middle class, children, slaves). Great attention will be paid to the Battle of Atlanta of 22nd July 1864 and the following siege and surrender of the city. Local newspapers and its role during the war years will be analysed as well. As the conclusion, I try to prove or deny the hypothesis, that the American Civil War helped to develop the city further, because Atlanta would not grow so rapidly without the war events. Key words: American Civil War, Atlanta, Georgia, Confederacy, Union, Atlanta Campaign Obsah 1. Úvod ..................................................................................................................................................... 5 1.1 Rozbor prameňov a literatúry ......................................................................................................... 6 2. Situácia v USA pred občianskou vojnou ........................................................................................... 11 3. Atlanta do apríla 1861 ........................................................................................................................ 19 4. Spoločnosť ......................................................................................................................................... 23 4.1 Počiatočná prokonfederačná činnosť ........................................................................................... 23 4.2 Vojenská služba ........................................................................................................................... 25 4.3 Ženské spolky .............................................................................................................................. 27 4.4 Nemocnice ................................................................................................................................... 28 4.5 Unionisti v Atlante ....................................................................................................................... 29 4.6 Otrocká otázka ............................................................................................................................. 31 5. Hospodárstvo ..................................................................................................................................... 35 5.1 Finančná situácia .......................................................................................................................... 35 5.2 Námorná blokáda ......................................................................................................................... 36 5.3 Nedostatok a rast cien .................................................................................................................. 37 5.4 Výroba vojenského materiálu ...................................................................................................... 40 6. Atlantské ťaženie ............................................................................................................................... 42 6.1 Počiatky ťaženia ........................................................................................................................... 42 6.2 Bitka o Atlantu ............................................................................................................................. 44 6.3 Obliehanie mesta .......................................................................................................................... 45 6.4 Sherman v Atlante ........................................................................................................................ 47 7. Reflexia udalostí v novinách .............................................................................................................. 52 8. Dohra .................................................................................................................................................. 57 8.1 Obnova mesta ............................................................................................................................... 57 8.2 Vojnové udalosti v dnešnom povedomí ....................................................................................... 59 9. Záver .................................................................................................................................................. 61 1. Úvod Americká občianska vojna je jednou z najpopulárnejších tém americkej historiografie. Historici sa tejto problematike venujú vo všeobecnom, ale aj lokálnom meradle. Jedným z dôvodov môže byť fakt, že je to jeden z mála vojenských konfliktov Spojených štátov amerických, ktorý sa odohral priamo na ich území. Počet v nej padlých Američanov sa radí medzi najvyššie straty na životoch, čo sa amerických vojenských konfliktov týka. Zároveň je to jeden z prvých svetových konfliktov, ktorý môže byť označovaný ako totálna vojna1 a tiež nesie znaky priemyselnej vojny kvôli použitiu železnice na prepravu vojakov, materiálu a výzbroje, alebo pre použitie pancierovaných lodí v námorných bitkách. Cieľom tejto práce je analyzovať politický, hospodársky a sociálny vývoj v meste Atlanta v štáte Georgia počas americkej občianskej vojny. Toto južanské mesto, založené roku 18372 ako stanica popri železnici postupujúcej na juhovýchod, v priebehu vojny zaznamenalo obrovský nárast obyvateľstva, rozvoj priemyslu a stalo jedným z kľúčových miest Konfederácie práve vďaka svojej polohe. Leží pomerne hlboko vo vnútrozemí Konfederácie a nikto z južanských politikov nepredpokladal, že by sa front mohol posunúť tak ďaleko na juh. Preto sa sem na začiatku koncentrovalo zásobovanie pre armády na západnom fronte, logistickí experti a tiež sa prudko zakladali nové továrne,3 medzi ktorými vynikala Atlantská valcovňa železa (The Atlanta Rolling Mill),4 ktorá zásobovala konfederačné sily koľajnicami, kanónmi ale aj železnými plátmi na pancierovú loď CSS Virginia. Keď však v lete 1864 došlo k atlantskej kampani, konfederačná Army of Tennessee už bola zatlačená do Georgie. Bitka o Atlantu, z 22. júla 1864, a následná kapitulácia mesta, 2. septembra 1864, generálovi W. T. Shermanovi tak bola ďalším klincom do rakvy južných štátov,5 okrem iného aj z dôvodu, že toto unionistické víťazstvo dopomohlo Abrahamovi Lincolnovi k znovuzvoleniu do funkcie prezidenta a tým k odstráneniu možnosti ukončiť vojnu inak ako definitívnou kapituláciou Juhu. 1 K totálnej vojne dochádza, keď sú v snahe o víťazstvo nasadené všetky hospodárske a ľudské zdroje daného štátu. 2 Po tom, ako bola 21. 12. 1836 schválená výstavba železnice smerom k Chattahoochee River, vznikla na mieste dnešnej Atlanty osada zvaná Terminus. V roku 1843 bola osada premenovaná na Marthasville na počesť dcéry vtedajšieho georgijského guvernéra W. Lumpkina. Súčasný názov Atlanta nesie od roku 1847. Barnwell V.T., Barnwell’s Atlanta City Directory. Atlanta: Intelligencer Book and Job Office, 1867, str. 18. 3 Wortman, Marc, The Bonfire: The Siege and Burning of Atlanta. New York: PublicAffairs, 2009, str. 126–127. 4 Garrett, Franklin M., Atlanta and Environs: A Chronicle of its People and Events, 1820s–1870s, Volume I. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2011, str. 427. 5 Wortman, Marc, The Bonfire..., str. 191. 5 Jadro práce sa dá logicky rozdeliť do troch častí: Prvá časť je venovaná sociálnej štruktúre a spoločenskému dianiu. Pojednávam v nej o južanskom presvedčení o správnosti „Veci“ a o počiatočnom nadšení z konfliktu. Venujem sa ako problematike odvodov
Load more

Recommended publications
  • CSS Georgia 2007 New South Assoc Rpt.Pdf
    I J K L New South Assciates • 6150 East Ponce de Leon Avenue • Stone Mountain, Georgia 30083 CSS Georgia: Archival Study CONTRACT NO. DACW21-99-D-0004 DELIVERY ORDER 0029 Report submitted to: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Savannah District 100 West Oglethorpe Avenue Savannah, Georgia 31402-0889 Report submitted by: New South Associates 6150 East Ponce de Leon Avenue Stone Mountain, Georgia 30083 _____________________________________ Mary Beth Reed - Principal Investigator Authors: Mark Swanson, New South Associates – Historian and Robert Holcombe, National Civil War Naval Museum – Historian New South Associates Technical Report 1092 January 31, 2007 CSS GEORGIA iii ARCHIVAL STUDY Table of Contents Introduction 1 Part One: Historical Context 3 The Setting: Geography of the Savannah Area 3 Pre-War Economic Developments, 1810-1860 5 Changes in Warfare, 1810-1860 6 Initial Development of Confederate Navy, 1861 – March 1862 8 Confederate Navy Reorganization, 1862-1863 17 Josiah Tattnall and the Beginnings of the Savannah Squadron, Early 1861 20 War Comes to Savannah, November 1861 – April 1862 23 Impetus for Georgia: The Ladies Gunboat Association 28 Construction of Georgia, March – October 1862 32 The Placement of Georgia, Late 1862 34 The Savannah Station and Squadron, 1862-1864 36 Fall of Savannah, December 1864 39 Part Two: CSS Georgia - Research Themes 41 Planning and Construction 41 1. Individuals and Organizations Involved in Fund-Raising 41 2. Evidence for Conception of Construction Plans for the Vessel; Background and Skill of Those Involved and an Estimate of How Long They Worked on the Project 45 3. Evidence for the Location of the Construction Site, the Site Where the Engine and Machinery Were Installed, and a Description of These Facilities 48 4.
    [Show full text]
  • Identity, Dissent, and the Roots of Georgiaâ•Žs Middle Class, 1848
    University of Mississippi eGrove Electronic Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 2019 Identity, Dissent, and the Roots of Georgia’s Middle Class, 1848-1865 Thomas Robinson University of Mississippi Follow this and additional works at: https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Robinson, Thomas, "Identity, Dissent, and the Roots of Georgia’s Middle Class, 1848-1865" (2019). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 1674. https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd/1674 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at eGrove. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of eGrove. For more information, please contact [email protected]. IDENTITY, DISSENT, AND THE ROOTS OF GEORGIA’S MIDDLE CLASS, 1848-1865 A Dissertation presented in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Arch Dalrymple III Department of History The University of Mississippi by THOMAS W. ROBINSON December 2018 Copyright © 2018 by Thomas W. Robinson All rights reserved. ABSTRACT This dissertation, which focuses on Georgia from 1848 until 1865, argues that a middle class formed in the state during the antebellum period. By the time secession occurred, the class coalesced around an ideology based upon modernization, industrialization, reform, occupation, politics, and northern influence. These factors led the doctors, lawyers, merchants, ministers, shopkeepers, and artisans who made up Georgia’s middle class to view themselves as different than Georgians above or below them on the economic scale. The feeling was often mutual, as the rich viewed the middle class as a threat due to their income and education level while the poor were envious of the middle class.
    [Show full text]
  • Mountain View Master Plan
    Mountain View Master Plan SIZEMORE GROUP in association with NOELL CONSULTING and STANTEC Draft October 2018 Mountain View Master Plan Draft October 2018 SIZEMORE GROUP in association with NOELL CONSULTING and STANTEC Credits Clayton County Development Authority of Clay- ton County Board of Commissioners Jeffrey E. Turner, Chairman Board Sonna Singleton Gregory, District 1 Michael Edmondson, Chairman Gail Hambrick, District 2 Eldrin Bell, Vice Chairman Felicia Franklin Warner, District 3 Ricky Clark, Secretary/Treasurer Michael Edmondson, District 4 Dr. Don McMillian Jr., Assistant Secretary/ Treasurer Dr. Tim Gilrane Dr. Alieka Anderson Louis D. Johnson Staff Khalfani Stevens - Executive Director Miche Thomas - Intern DRAFT Advisory Team* Patrick Ejike, Clayton County Community Consultant Team Development, Director Michael Edmondson, Development Authority LEAD FIRM :: MASTER PLANING, URBAN of Clayton County, Chairman/Clayton County Dr. Tim Hynes, Clayton State University, Presi- Commissioner DESIGN, COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT and dent PROJECT MANAGEMENT Eldrin Bell, Development Authority of Clayton Lauren Lambiase, Georgia Power, Community/ SIZEMORE GROUP County, Vice Chairman Economic Development Manager Bill de St. Aubin, AIA, LEED AP Principal-in-Charge Ricky Clark, Development Authority of Clayton Tommy Hughes, Hughes Commercial Real County, Secretary/Treasurer Estate, Managing Broker Deanna Murphy, AICP Project Manager & Lead Planner Dr. Don McMillian Jr., Development Authority Dr. Anthony Smith, Clayton County Public of Clayton County, Assistant Secretary/Treasurer Schools, Deputy Superintendent Chirag Date, MCRP Project Planner Gail Hambrick, Clayton County District 2 Steve Berman, OA Development, Founder Commissioner Jonne Smith Jeff Metarko, Clayton County Transportation Project Planner Don Williams, MARTA, Senior Director, Transit and Development, Director System Planning TRANSPORTATION/TRANSIT Jon Tuley, Atlanta Regional Commission, Senior Stantec Consulting Services Dominique Lockhart, Clayton County Planning Principal Planner and Zoning Joel F.
    [Show full text]
  • Downtown Base
    M A R IETTA ST All Saints’ Episcopal Church NORTH AVENUE NORTH AVE NORTH AVE NORTH AVE T Hampton Inn S E R North Avenue RTH AVE E O D One R Bank of Presbyterian N T T K Georgia America Church S N H ORTHSIDE R Center Plaza D C A N T A D P A S R E L T C P I R W P U T O O Crown Plaza S L The M C E L Y Hotel Coca-Cola I BOULEVARD PL L NORTH AVE W Company W O LINDEN WAY D R L V D L A I B Centennial LINDEN AVE E N E S D Place I N V D S Elementary E A R T H School A T T N Y R E N ST H C O O MORGAN T N M R 75 T D O S E N MERRITTS AVE I G P N Central I 85 R Emory University AISSANCE PKWY Park P REN S M Hospital Midtown ARIE BALTIMORE PL Intown Academy TTA ST New American Renaissance KEN PINE ST Shakespeare Park NEDY ST Tavern PINE ST Northyards PINE STREET Business Park T S PINE ST Centennial T E RANKIN ST S I Place T K D S C N U D RAY ST A L ANGIER L L G O T AVE R N R HUNNICUT ST U A St. Luke’s O JOHN ST Episcopal Church C T AN T S GIER S AVE E Y E CIVIC R F O CENTER D J A PARKER ST E C Y PARKER ST V A D M L O R R W L P A K D R Twelve V R S Peachtree E E ER ST I Centennial CURRI A I L T M Summit R P Georgia World G I S MILLS ST Park R ST U Federal N A E N Congress Center O E ORTHSIDE D N R Building Renaissance A B L N 55 Atlanta E Marshalling Yard I W Atlanta A B E Square L Allen X Civic T A Downtown E G T Plaza L N A Center A E E WABASH AVE V S V D T Mayors IVAN ALLEN JR.
    [Show full text]
  • NATIONAL REGISTER of HISTO PL a FORM 1. Name of Property 2
    NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service •*1 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTO PL A FORM This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations of eligibility f< :ions ir "Guidelines for Completing National Register Forms" (National Register Bulletin 16). Complete each iter 'entering the requested information, If an item does not apply to the property being documented, enter "N/A" for" ot applicable." F materials, and reas of significance, enter only the categories and subcategories listed in the instructions. For addition: space us Tj je all entries. 1. Name of Property historic name Westinghouse Electric Company Building other names/site number N/A 2. Location street & number 426 Marietta Street, NW city, town Atlanta (N/A) vicinity of county Fulton code GA121 state Georgia code GA zip code 30313 (N/A) not for publication 3. Classification Ownership of Property: Category of Property: (X) private (X) building(s) () public-local () district () public-state () site () public-federal () structure () object Number of Resources within Property: Contributing Noncontributinq buildings 1 0 sites 0 0 structures 1 0 objects 0 0 total 2 0 Contributing resources previously listed in the National Register: N/A Name of previous listing: N/A Name of related multiple property listing: N/A 4. State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby certify that this nomination meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60.
    [Show full text]
  • Confederate Industrial Resources
    + Destruction in Richmond Virginia 1865 Gallego Flour Mill is Beyond the Bridge. Virginia was the fifth largest flour producing state before the war. The Industrial Resources of the Confederacy: Their Extent in 1861, Their Expansion, Their Use, and Their Destruction. Prepared By Charles E. Knight This is the narrative report that accompanied an oral report first presented to the Sterling Price Camp #145 of the Sons of Confederate Veterans on February 10th 2015. (Last Revised January 18, 2020) 1 Table of Contents I. Introduction: IA. Author’s Background and the Reason for the Report IB. Southern Industrialists in 1861 II. What Was The Extent of Confederate Industry in 1861? III. How the Industrial Base was expanded IV. The Use of Confederate Industry A. A New and Bigger Question: Why did many Confederates go into battle ragged, hungry and some even without arms? B. An Analysis Using Form, Place and Time Utility B1. Form Utility B2. Place Utility B3. Time Utility- The War Department V. The Destruction of Confederate Industry: VI. Afterthoughts and Acknowledgements VII. Personal thoughts and other Conclusions VIII. Questions/Comments, perhaps answers. IX. Some Selected Resources Used in this report: Appendix A- Confederate Ordnance 2 I. Introduction: IA. Author’s Background and the reason for the report: I grew up in Bessemer, Alabama in the Birmingham District and well acquainted with heavy industry in contrast with my parents and grandparents who grew up mostly on southern farms. The photographs below, and many others like them, were everyday scenes when I grew up there: Ensley Steel Works - Birmingham District.
    [Show full text]
  • New York: Basic Books, 2017. Pp
    © 2018 Phi Alpha Theta BOOK REVIEWS EDITORIAL OFFICE: University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, SOC 107, Tampa, FL 33620-8100. Telephone: 740-368-3642. Facsimile: 740-368-3643 E-MAIL ADDRESS: [email protected] WEB ADDRESS: http://go.owu.edu/~brhistor EDITOR Jonathan Scott Perry University of South Florida Sarasota-Manatee CONSULTING EDITOR Richard Spall Jnr. Ohio Wesleyan University SENIOR EDITORIAL ASSISTANTS Alyssa DiPadova Kelsey Heath Henry Sloan Kyle Rabung EDITORIAL ASSISTANTS Amanda Hays Maddie Lancaster Jason Perry Haley Mees Slater Sabo Christopher Shanley WORD PROCESSING: Laurie George © 2018 Phi Alpha Theta AFRICA AND THE MIDDLE EAST Market Encounters: Consumer Cultures in Twentieth-Century Ghana. By Bianca Murillo. (Athens, OH: Ohio University Press, 2017. Pp. vii, 232. $32.95.) Agency has long been a central concern of historians of Africa. Past studies of agricultural innovations, labor unrest, and “informal” trade have allowed us to see African peoples not as passive economic actors but as empowered producers who pursued their own aims amid the imposition of exploitative colonial econo- mies. Few studies, however, have examined African consumerism or the ways in which the creation of African consumer cultures was more than a byproduct of colonial or global capitalism. In Market Encounters: Consumer Cultures in Twentieth-Century Ghana, Bianca Murillo offers a stimulating corrective to this imbalance. Presented as an “attempt to explore the multitude of relationships that shaped Ghana’s economic reality and structured capitalist exchange” in the British colony of the Gold Coast turned independent nation of Ghana (1957), her book deploys archival and oral sources to explore “the complex social ter- rains that made the buying and selling of goods in modern Ghana possible” (6).
    [Show full text]
  • A New History. by Sean Mcmeekin. (New York, NY: Basic Books, 2017
    © 2018 Phi Alpha Theta BOOK REVIEWS EDITORIAL OFFICE: University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, SOC 107, Tampa, FL 33620-8100. Telephone: 740-368-3642. Facsimile: 740-368-3643 E-MAIL ADDRESS: [email protected] WEB ADDRESS: http://go.owu.edu/~brhistor EDITOR Jonathan Scott Perry University of South Florida Sarasota-Manatee CONSULTING EDITOR Richard Spall Jnr. Ohio Wesleyan University SENIOR EDITORIAL ASSISTANTS Alyssa DiPadova Kelsey Heath Henry Sloan Kyle Rabung EDITORIAL ASSISTANTS Amanda Hays Maddie Lancaster Jason Perry Haley Mees Slater Sabo Christopher Shanley WORD PROCESSING: Laurie George © 2018 Phi Alpha Theta AFRICA AND THE MIDDLE EAST Market Encounters: Consumer Cultures in Twentieth-Century Ghana. By Bianca Murillo. (Athens, OH: Ohio University Press, 2017. Pp. vii, 232. $32.95.) Agency has long been a central concern of historians of Africa. Past studies of agricultural innovations, labor unrest, and “informal” trade have allowed us to see African peoples not as passive economic actors but as empowered producers who pursued their own aims amid the imposition of exploitative colonial econo- mies. Few studies, however, have examined African consumerism or the ways in which the creation of African consumer cultures was more than a byproduct of colonial or global capitalism. In Market Encounters: Consumer Cultures in Twentieth-Century Ghana, Bianca Murillo offers a stimulating corrective to this imbalance. Presented as an “attempt to explore the multitude of relationships that shaped Ghana’s economic reality and structured capitalist exchange” in the British colony of the Gold Coast turned independent nation of Ghana (1957), her book deploys archival and oral sources to explore “the complex social ter- rains that made the buying and selling of goods in modern Ghana possible” (6).
    [Show full text]
  • WAGA-Atlanta, GA This Report Covers the Time Period November 1, 2005 to October 31, 2007 (Except Where Otherwise Specifically Noted)
    1 WAGA-Atlanta, GA This report covers the time period November 1, 2005 to October 31, 2007 (except where otherwise specifically noted). I. PROGRAMMING a. Local Newscasts: WAGA airs 50.5 hours of local news each week (including rebroadcasts), at the following times: Monday – Friday: 5 a.m. – 9 a.m. Monday – Friday: 12 noon – 12.30 p.m. Monday – Friday (11/1/05 – 10/31/07 only): 12:30 p.m. – 1:00 p.m. Monday – Friday: 5 p.m. – 7 p.m. Monday – Friday: 10:00 p.m. – 11:00 p.m. Monday – Friday: 1:00 a.m. – 2:00 a.m. (rebroadcast) Saturday: 6 p.m. – 7 p.m. Sunday: 6 p.m. – 6:30 p.m. Saturday – Sunday: 10 p.m. – 11 p.m. Saturday – Sunday: 1:00 a.m. – 2:00 a.m. (rebroadcast) b. Breaking News Stories: WAGA broke into and/or preempted regularly scheduled programming on numerous occasions during the period covered by this report in order to bring its viewers breaking news or severe weather information, as well as amber alerts, school closings, and other emergencies. A sample list of breaking news, cut-ins and squeezebacks in the report period is: • Emergency Amber Alert (11/2/05) • News squeeze reporting a trucking accident on GA. 400. (11/3/05 • Tornado watch crawl for Cleburne and Randolph Counties (11/28/05) • Weather crawl for ice storm warning. (12/14/05) • Thunderstorm warning crawl. (12/28/05) • Severe Weather Alert regarding flash floods in Fulton and Gwinnett counties in Georgia. (1/2/06) • Fire in Cobb County squeezeback (3/19/06) • Severe weather crawl for Fulton/Fayette County.
    [Show full text]
  • George Washington Lee Became Colonel As the Field Officers Each “Ranked Up” One Position to Fill the Void.11
    SAVING THE SOUTH FROM ITSELF: GEORGE W. LEE AND INTERNAL CONFLICT IN CIVIL WAR ATLANTA by Robert Scott Davis, director Family & Regional History Program Wallace State College P. O. Box 687 Hanceville, AL 35077-0687 Office: (256) 352-8265 Office FAX: (256) 352-8228 Office e-mail: [email protected] Home: (205) 429-5251 *The author acknowledges the help provided by Marion O. Smith, Karen Walker, Bruce Allardice, Dr. Jacqueline Jones, Ken Denney, and Dr. David Carlton. Professor Davis is director of the Family & Regional History Program at Wallace State College in Hanceville, Alabama. His publications include Requiem for a Lost City: Sallie Clayton’s Memoirs of Civil War Atlanta and Ghosts and Shadows of Andersonville: Essays on the Secret Social Histories of America’s Deadliest Prison, both published by Mercer University Press. For his biography and bibliography see: http://www3.wallacestate.edu/bobdavis/index.html © 2012 - All Rights Reserved Gen. Robert E. Lee referred to the American conflict of 1861 to 1865 as the “Civil War,” a correct term as he understood it. Etymologists now apply that term only to internal subversion used against a government, a better definition of the internal struggles of the Confederate States of America than its battlefield war for independence. Research in its societal “wars within a war” has been difficult because, while its many different parts can often be seen, how they interacted with the new southern government and each other has been difficult to study. Few individuals experienced, in any meaningful way, most of the strands of this secret history of the new nation.
    [Show full text]
  • The Gate City Under Siege: Historic Oakland Cemetery and the Battle for Atlanta
    The Gate City Under Siege: Historic Oakland Cemetery and the Battle for Atlanta Grade 5 Teacher’s Guide www.oaklandcemetery.com1 404.688.2107 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 1 About this Teacher’s Guide 1 Learning Goals and Objectives 1 About Historic Oakland Cemetery 2 The Battle for Atlanta 3 The Atlanta Campaign 4 A City Under Siege 5 The Aftermath 7 Rebuilding the Phoenix City 8 The Atlanta Campaign and Oakland Cemetery 9 Orientation Activity: The Diary of Carrie Berry 12 Reflection Questions 15 Post-Visit Activities 16 Appendix 19 Additional Resources 19 Georgia Performance Standards for Grade 5 19 Common Core Standards for Grade 5 20 Transcript of Carrie Berry’s diary 22 Resident Review template 30 Design-A-Mausoleum template 31 Sources and Citations 32 For questions about this guide or to book a school visit, please contact: Marcy Breffle Education Coordinator, Historic Oakland Foundation 248 Oakland Avenue, SE Atlanta, Georgia 30312 404. 688. 2107 ext. 16 [email protected] 2 INTRODUCTION About this Teacher’s Guide Made available by the Historic Oakland Foundation, this educational guide is designed to help teachers engage and inspire their students during a visit to historic Oakland Cemetery. This guide explores the major events and consequences of the 1864 Atlanta Campaign, focusing on the conflict’s effects on the soldiers and civilians caught in the crossfire. A pre-visit lesson will orient students to Oakland and introduce Carrie Berry, a cemetery resident who provides a first- hand account of the siege and occupation of Atlanta though her childhood diary. During their visit, students will learn about the Battle of Atlanta during a general tour of Oakland Cemetery.
    [Show full text]
  • City of Atlanta Public Right-Of-Way Manual Second Edition, 2019
    City of Atlanta Public Right2019-of-Way UpdateManual Second Edition, 2019 PLAN * PERMIT * CONSTRUCT * COMPLY Smoot-Madison, Betty [Company name] 2019 Update City of Atlanta Public Right-of-Way Manual Second Edition, 2019 City of Atlanta Department of Public Works (DPW) Office of Transportation Public Right-of-Way Manual The mission of the Department of Public Works is to deliver industry leading Public Works services that maintain and improve the City’s infrastructure through strong community partnerships, transparent policies, and sustainable procedures, utilizing a highly effective and dedicated workforce leading to increased public safety, health, and wellness for the citizens of Atlanta. Originally Published: October 2015 Revised/Updated: December 2019 City of Atlanta Public Right-of-Way Manual Second Edition, 2019 City of Atlanta Public Right-of-Way Manual Second Edition, 2019 Table of Contents Page # Common Acronyms 6 Chapter 1: General Purpose 7 Section 1.1: General Overview 7 Section 1.2: Department of Public Works Overview 8 Section 1.3: Definitions 11 Section 1.4: Code/Ordinance Conflicts with ROW Manual 13 Section 1.5: Legal Authority and Reference Material 13 Chapter 2: Construction Plans/Document Review and Approval 15 Section 2.1: Document Standards and Submission 15 Section 2.2: Plan Review and Approval 16 Chapter 3: Permitting 21 Section 3.1: General ROW Permits 21 Section 3.2: Qualified Contractor Permits 22 Section 3.3: Lanes, Streets and Pedestrian Thoroughfares/Sidewalks 22 Closure Permits Section 3.4: Driveway Aprons
    [Show full text]