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Issue 87 Lowres.Pdf THE LASER USER ISSUE 87ISSUE 87 WINTER 2018 THE WINTER 2018 LASER IN THIS ISSUE: USER Powder Bed Fusion Vertical Laser Cladding Laser Welding Plastics Laser Shock Peening Medical Device Ablation Bill Steen Reflects OPTICAL INNOVATION IN MIRRORS & LENSES: SHAPING BEAMS FOR PRECISION MANUFACTURING 1 ISSUE 87 WINTER 2018 THE LASER USER THE LASER USER Editor: Dave MacLellan Sub-Editor: Catherine Rose ISSN 1755-5140 © 2018 – Association of Industrial Laser Users The Laser User is the house magazine of the Association of Industrial Laser Users. Its primary aim is to disseminate technical information and to present the views of its members. The views and opinions expressed in this magazine belong to the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of AILU. The Editor reserves the right to edit any submissions for space and other considerations. Authors retain the right to extract, in part or in whole, their material for future use. The Laser User is published quarterly in February, May, August and November by AILU for its members and is available in print or online. Editorial Board for this issue: Ric Allott STFC Ravi Aswathanarayanaswamy Renishaw Paul Goodwin TWI Cover image: An axicon lens (with a conical surface) is Lin Li University of Manchester used to generate Bessel beams for femtosecond laser James McDowell Litron Lasers micromachining of glass and other materials. Jonathan Magee Coherent | Rofin Image courtesy of Rémi Meyer , FEMTO-ST Institute, Mark Millar Essex Laser Besançon, France. Andy Toms TLM Laser ADVERTISING AILU STEERING COMMITTEE ENQUIRIES 2017-18 +44 (0) 1235 539595 President: Lin Li (University of Manchester) [email protected] Vice President: Jon Blackburn (TWI) Advertising rates at: Exec. Director: Dave MacLellan (Anode Marketing) http://bit.ly/AILU_MEDIA_GUIDE_2018 Elected until 2020 Shireen Khanum (GF Machining) Anke Lohmann (Anchored In Ltd) Vojtech Olle (OSI Optoelectronics) Mike Poulter (SPI Lasers) Elected until 2019 Duncan Hand (Heriot-Watt University) WELCOME TO NEW Louise Jones (KTN) AILU MEMBERS Jonathan Lawrence (Coventry University) Ian White (Yamazaki Mazak) ES Precision Andrew May Elected until 2018 [email protected] Paul Goodwin (TWI) Roger Hardacre (ALT) Lumentum Tony Jones (Cyan Tec Systems) Adrian Norton (thinklaser) Association of Industrial Laser Users Philippe Leopold Oxford House [email protected] Co-opted 100 Ock Street Adam Clare (University of Nottingham) Abingdon NKT Photonics Mark Millar (Essex Laser) Oxfordshire Paul Fitzsimons Stan Wilford (IPG Photonics) OX14 5DH [email protected] Past presidents and founder members are also able to Tel: +44 (0) 1235 539595 Proform Laser Services attend committee meetings. Anyone wishing to join the E-mail: [email protected] Laura Canner AILU Steering Committee please contact the Executive Web: www.ailu.org.uk [email protected] Director. 2 THE LASER USER ISSUE 87 WINTER 2018 CONTENTS HIGHLIGHTS... Powder Bed Vertical Laser Laser Welding Fusion 16 Cladding 18 Plastics 20 Laser Shock Medical Device Bill Steen Peening 22 Ablation 24 Reflects 26 ASSOCIATION NEWS MAIN FEATURES CONTENT BY SUBJECT First Word 4 Fluid and particle dynamics in Business Laser Ablation President’s Message 4 laser powder bed fusion Members' News 5 Main Feature 24 Ric's Ramblings 4 Ioannis Bitharas et al. 16 AILU Interview 12 Professor Bill Steen Reflects Energy Bill & Non-Commodity MEMBERS’ NEWS Study on powder blown laser Main Feature 26 Costs Member & Business 5 cladding of vertical surfaces Short Feature 31 Events Diary 36 Case Studies 10 Piotr Lubaszka & Bernd Baufeld 18 Laser welding plastics – Product News 32 EARLY CAREER a short guide RESEARCHERS Laser Processing Ian Jones 20 Laser processing of Plastic Automotive Components hard-to-weld materials 8 Laser shock peening of metals Short Feature 7 and advanced ceramics Photo competition 9 Industrial R&D 7 Pratik Shukla 22 SHORT FEATURES Hard-to-Weld Materials Laser ablation: layer removal and Short Feature 8 Industrial R&D 7 surface treatments Plastic automotive component David Van de Wall 24 Job Shop processing 7 News 14 Non-commodity business costs 31 The laser: from burning paper to Chair’s Report 15 mainline manufacture EDITORIAL William Steen 26 Additive Manufacturing Main Feature 16 Interview: Paul Maclennan, ULO Optics 12 Observations 28 Laser Cladding Job Shop Corner 14 Main Feature 18 A Funny Thing... 34 Laser Welding Plastics PRODUCT NEWS Main Feature 20 Systems 32 Laser Shock Peening Processing Heads 32 Main Feature 22 Beam Measurement 32 Ancillaries 33 EVENTS 29, 35 3 ISSUE 87 WINTER 2018 THE LASER USER ASSOCIATION NEWS FIRST WORD PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE The 9 years of studying and working life with Bill laid down a solid foundation on which The last couple of months have seen a ramp In this issue we have the honour of publishing to build my entire career in the area of laser up of activity in the AILU office for our next 3 an article by Professor Bill Steen (p. 26-27) engineering. Bill was a most inspiring teacher, events which I hope that all of our members will outlining the history of laser processing in his supervisor and a friend. He always inspired get involved with. research groups from the 1970s to the 2000s. and encouraged students and researchers Some of the photos in the article are published and gave them the opportunities and freedom Over the last two years (and more) a team of for the first time. The article is extracted from to solve challenging scientific and engineering people and a number of working groups have a longer document which I'm sure Bill would problems. Everyone was happier after talking pulled together a national strategy for laser be happy to share if you interested - please to Bill in technical discussions. material processing and the report “Lasers contact him via the AILU office. for Productivity: A UK Strategy”, outlining the Students and researchers were often invited to recommendations, is to be launched at the Reading this article brought me back to the Bill’s house and annual barn dances were held Houses of Parliament on 6 March at 2.30pm. 1980s and 1990s. I joined Bill’s laser group for the laser group members and friends. He We are hoping to see 100 AILU members there at Imperial College London in 1985 as a PhD regularly sent PhD students and post-docs to and as many MPs as we can get to call in student working on intelligent adaptive control various conferences to learn and interact with during the afternoon to meet their constituents of the laser cladding process. The project wider laser communities. and familiarise themselves with the capabilities involved the closed loop control of laser power, of the laser in manufacturing. If you are powder flow-rate, clad deposition height and Bill received the Arthur Schawlow Award interested to find out more, you can register dilution using a hierarchical, multiple sensor from the Laser Institute of America in 1996 your interest in the events pages on the AILU and multiple loop structure combined with and the prestigious Honorary Fellow of the website (there is a link to Eventbrite on that artificial intelligence (AI). Institution of Mechanical Engineers in 2017. We congratulate Professor page and registration is free). We are also In 1988 I followed Bill to Liverpool University, Steen on his lifetime looking for a good cross-section of samples working as a research assistant and later achievements that to display on the day – showing some typical research fellow in a number of projects, have changed the examples from manufacturing to highlight where including monitoring of high speed laser welding manufacturing world. lasers can be used. for industrial packaging and laser based nuclear MACH 2018 takes place on 9-13 April and decommissioning, until 1994 when I joined Lin Li there will be a Lasers for Manufacturing Zone, UMIST (University of Manchester Institute of lin.li@manchester. in place of the AILU Pavilion we have had in Science and Technology) as a lecturer. ac.uk previous shows. Come along during the week or join us in the Zone as exhibitors. Finally, we are getting closer to LPM 2018 RIC'S RAMBLINGS and we all benefit as a society from it –“oh ok, (that’s Laser Precision Microfabrication in case sounds cool, on you go Sir”. Phew I thought, you hadn’t heard) which gives our members a Dear Readers, for this latest edition of The that was a close one. But on reflection that is unique opportunity to visit this Symposium in Laser User my ramblings have taken me much what Photonics West is all about - and from Edinburgh from 25-28 June. Why not submit further afield than usual. I write to you from what I can see this week there is a whole load an abstract before it is too late? Registration SPIE Photonics West in San Francisco – a big of business being done. is open, so register this week and get your old US style celebration of all things photonic. I One of the most interesting sessions I attended accommodation booked! Those companies have been coming to Photonics West for quite was a panel discussion on taking Quantum looking to sell into this market should a while now (though not every year) and it never Technologies into industry. Lots of opportunities also consider sponsorship and exhibiting fails to impress me; the sheer number and in security, communications, next generation opportunities. This event is more international range of companies exhibiting and the myriad computing and so on, but whenever the panel than ILAS, so we expect a significant number of of applications of “light” almost too numerous experts specified where an application will be attendees from Japan, China, USA, Lithuania… to list. realised they were not able to say when with I am hoping for a significant turnout – even My story starts at the US border, standing in any certainty at all – good old Heisenberg must more than the 220 we had at ILAS 2017.
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