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Herbaria As Functional Trait Databases

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Herbaria As Functional Trait Databases Herbaria as functional trait databases COBECORE Congo basin eco-climatological data recovery and valorization Sofie Meeus AMPEE4 - 23/03/2018 Introduction The African rainforest & climate change The African rainforest & climate change Tropical species Vulnerable? Perez et al. 2016, Science - Long generation time - Climatic variability hypothesis: tropical species -> narrow tolerances - Functional traits and variation African rainforest lacks legacy data Measurements Tropical South America 366629 Central Europe 254132 North America 83374 Tropical SE Asia 53632 Australia 29776 Tropical Africa 14675 Aim COBECORE: Recovering eco-climatological data from Belgian colonial collections Climate data Aerial photos African herbarium Foto Kim Herbarium Botanic Garden Meise (BR) Bron: nieuwsblad.be Herbarium BR: A source of legacy data UNESCO Biosphere reserves Number of specimens of 64 tropical tree species in African herbarium BR 350 300 250 200 ©UNESCO 150 Luki (N=341) Yangambi (N=1566) 100 # herbarium specimens herbarium# 50 0 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 Year BGM expeditions Belgian Congo INEAC TIME Herbaria as functional trait databases Average SLA (cm²/g) SLA databases: trait as functional Herbaria 100 150 200 250 300 50 0 Gilbertiodendron dewevrei Lovoa trichilioides Autranella congolensis Symphonia globulifera Maranthes glabra Pycnanthus kombo Canarium schweinfurthii Mammea africana Trichilia gilgiana Ongokea gore + Scan Uapaca guineensis weigh Celtis mildbraedii Tabernaemontana crassa Entandrophragma utile SLAAverage per species( Diospyros iturensis Entandrophragma candollei Sorindeia mayumbensis Pycnanthus angolensis Macaranga sp. Entandrophragma cylindricum Polyalthia suaveolens SPECIES Allanblackia floribunda Discoglypremna caloneura Blighia welwitschii Trilepisium madagascariense Garcinia punctata Anthonotha macrophylla Pseudospondias microcarpa Irvingia grandifolia Erythrophleum suaveolens Synsepalum stipulatum = Specific Macaranga spinosa leaf Carapa procera Trichilia gilletii N Ricinodendron heudelotii area/dry = 48) Parkia bicolor Pentaclethra eetveldeana leaf Hymenocardia ulmoides Alstonia boonei Petersianthus macrocarpus (SLA) area Albizia adianthifolia mass Pentaclethra macrophylla Microdesmis puberula Monodora angolensis Tetrorchidium didymostemon Hua gabonii Millettia drastica Monodora myristica Herbaria as functional trait databases: STOMATA (2) Stoma Stoma (2) (3) Foto: preparaat Pore Nail varnish Length method Length Keyence VHX Digital microscope (5) Pore Width (4) Stoma Width ObjectJ (ImageJ plugin) Stomatal conductance (gwmax) d = Diffusivity coefficient water vapor (m²/s) v = molar volume of air (m³/mol) D = Stomatal density (number of stomata/m² ) amax = max area pore (m²) l = pore depth (m) Case study: Prioria sp. • Prioria 6 Central African Prioria oxyphylla species, 3 species very well- © Samuel Vanden Samuel © represented in herbarium of BGM Abeele • Uses: commercial timber for construction, furniture, etc. • Suffers from habitat loss and overexploitation Case study: Prioria sp. Prioria balsamifera Prioria oxyphylla Prioria buchholzii Endangered 133 specimens in BGM 164 specimens in BGM 126 specimens in BGM SLA=108±12 cm²/g SLA=68±8 cm²/g SLA=81±7 cm²/g Case study: Prioria sp. Genetic analysis Samuel Vanden Abeele (BGM/ULB) Microsatellite development & analysis on P. balsamifera and P. oxyphylla for genetic diversity assessment (conservation purposes) High-throughput sequencing for reconstruction phylogeography of all (14) Prioria species g wmax Building a database 3.72 mol/m²s Specimen coordinates gwmax SLA … 4.32 mol/m²s Spec 1 3.72 mol/m²s Spec 2 4.32 mol/m²s 3.85 mol/m²s Spec 3 3.85 mol/m²s Spec 4 4.93 mol/m²s 4.93 mol/m²s Measurements Tropical South America 366629 Central Europe 254132 North America 83374 Tropical SE Asia 53632 Australia 29776 Tropical Africa 14675 THANK YOU Visit our website at cobecore.org Acknowledgements Martine Borremans COBECORE team Samuel Vanden Abeele Hans Verbeeck (Gent University) Iris Van der Beeten Koen Hufkens (Gent University) Ann Bogaerts Jan Van den Bulcke (Gent University) Sofie De Smedt Hans Beeckman (Royal Museum for Central Africa) Quentin Groom Kim Jacobsen (Royal Museum for Central Africa) Henry Engledow Piet Stoffelen (Botanic Garden Meise) André De Kesel Filip Vandelook (Botanic Garden Meise) Nuno Veríssimo Pereira Steven Janssens (Botanic Garden Meise) Wim Baert Michael Amara (National Archives of Belgium) Myriam de Haan Leen Van Hirtum (National Archives of Belgium).
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