Herbaria as functional trait databases
COBECORE Congo basin eco-climatological data recovery and valorization
Sofie Meeus AMPEE4 - 23/03/2018 Introduction The African rainforest & climate change The African rainforest & climate change
Tropical species Vulnerable?
Perez et al. 2016, Science
- Long generation time - Climatic variability hypothesis: tropical species -> narrow tolerances - Functional traits and variation African rainforest lacks legacy data
Measurements
Tropical South America 366629
Central Europe 254132
North America 83374
Tropical SE Asia 53632
Australia 29776
Tropical Africa 14675 Aim COBECORE: Recovering eco-climatological data from Belgian colonial collections
Climate data Aerial photos African herbarium
Foto Kim Herbarium Botanic Garden Meise (BR)
Bron: nieuwsblad.be Herbarium BR: A source of legacy data
UNESCO Biosphere reserves Number of specimens of 64 tropical tree species in African herbarium BR 350
300
250
200 ©UNESCO 150 Luki (N=341) Yangambi (N=1566) 100
# herbarium specimens herbarium # 50
0 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 Year BGM expeditions
Belgian Congo
INEAC TIME Herbaria as functional trait databases Herbaria as functional trait databases: SLA Average SLA per species (N = 48) 300
250 ) )
200 cm²/g
150 SLA ( SLA Specific leaf area (SLA) 100
Average Scan = leaf area/dry mass 50 + weigh
0
Huagabonii
Macarangasp.
Parkiabicolor
Ongokeagore
Trichiliagilletii
Carapaprocera
Alstoniaboonei
Trichiliagilgiana
Millettiadrastica
Maranthesglabra
Mammeaafricana
Garciniapunctata
Celtismildbraedii
Uapacaguineensis
Blighiawelwitschii
Irvingiagrandifolia
Lovoatrichilioides
Macarangaspinosa
Pycnanthuskombo
Albiziaadianthifolia
Diospyrositurensis
Monodoramyristica
Polyalthiasuaveolens
Monodoraangolensis
Symphoniaglobulifera
Pycnanthusangolensis
Microdesmispuberula
Autranellacongolensis
Allanblackiafloribunda
Synsepalumstipulatum
Entandrophragmautile
Sorindeiamayumbensis
Hymenocardiaulmoides
Canariumschweinfurthii
Anthonothamacrophylla
Tabernaemontanacrassa
Pentaclethraeetveldeana
Pentaclethramacrophylla
Ricinodendronheudelotii
Discoglypremnacaloneura
Erythrophleumsuaveolens
Petersianthusmacrocarpus
Entandrophragmacandollei
Gilbertiodendrondewevrei
Pseudospondiasmicrocarpa
Trilepisiummadagascariense
Entandrophragmacylindricum Tetrorchidiumdidymostemon SPECIES
Herbaria as functional trait databases: STOMATA
(2) (2) Stoma (3) (3)
Foto: preparaat Pore
Nail varnish Length
method Length
Keyence VHX Digital microscope
(5) Pore Width
(4) Stoma Width
ObjectJ (ImageJ plugin)
Stomatal conductance (gwmax)
d = Diffusivity coefficient water vapor (m²/s) v = molar volume of air (m³/mol) D = Stomatal density (number of stomata/m² )
amax = max area pore (m²) l = pore depth (m) Case study: Prioria sp.
• Prioria 6 Central African Prioria oxyphylla
species, 3 species very well- © © Samuel Vanden represented in herbarium of
BGM Abeele • Uses: commercial timber for construction, furniture, etc. • Suffers from habitat loss and overexploitation Case study: Prioria sp.
Prioria balsamifera Prioria oxyphylla Prioria buchholzii Endangered 133 specimens in BGM 164 specimens in BGM 126 specimens in BGM
SLA=108±12 cm²/g SLA=68±8 cm²/g SLA=81±7 cm²/g Case study: Prioria sp.
Genetic analysis Samuel Vanden Abeele (BGM/ULB)
Microsatellite development & analysis on P. balsamifera and P. oxyphylla for genetic diversity assessment (conservation purposes)
High-throughput sequencing for reconstruction phylogeography of all (14) Prioria species g wmax Building a database
3.72 mol/m²s
Specimen coordinates gwmax SLA … 4.32 mol/m²s Spec 1 3.72 mol/m²s Spec 2 4.32 mol/m²s 3.85 mol/m²s Spec 3 3.85 mol/m²s Spec 4 4.93 mol/m²s 4.93 mol/m²s
Measurements Tropical South America 366629 Central Europe 254132 North America 83374 Tropical SE Asia 53632 Australia 29776 Tropical Africa 14675 THANK YOU Visit our website at cobecore.org
Acknowledgements Martine Borremans COBECORE team Samuel Vanden Abeele Hans Verbeeck (Gent University) Iris Van der Beeten Koen Hufkens (Gent University) Ann Bogaerts Jan Van den Bulcke (Gent University) Sofie De Smedt Hans Beeckman (Royal Museum for Central Africa) Quentin Groom Kim Jacobsen (Royal Museum for Central Africa) Henry Engledow Piet Stoffelen (Botanic Garden Meise) André De Kesel Filip Vandelook (Botanic Garden Meise) Nuno Veríssimo Pereira Steven Janssens (Botanic Garden Meise) Wim Baert Michael Amara (National Archives of Belgium) Myriam de Haan Leen Van Hirtum (National Archives of Belgium)