DOCSLIB.ORG

BONNER ZOOLOGISCHE MONOGRAPHIEN, Nr

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
BONNER ZOOLOGISCHE MONOGRAPHIEN, Nr © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zoologicalbulletin.de; www.biologiezentrum.at A REVISION OF THE LIZARDS OF THE GENUS ACANTHODACTYLUS (SAURIA: LACERTIDAE) by ALFREDO SALVADOR BONNER ZOOLOGISCHE MONOGRAPHIEN, Nr. 16 1982 Herausgeber: ZOOLOGISCHES FORSCHUNGSINSTITUT UND MUSEUM ALEXANDER KOENIG BONN © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zoologicalbulletin.de; www.biologiezentrum.at BONNER ZOOLOGISCHE MONOGRAPHIEN Die Serie wird vom Zoologischen Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koe- nig herausgegeben und bringt Originalarbeiten, die für eine Unterbringung in den Bonner Zoologischen Beiträgen" zu lang sind und eine Veröffentlichung als Mono- graphie rechtfertigen. Anfragen bezüglich der Vorlage von Manuskripten und Bestellungen sind an die Schriftleitung zu richten. This series of monographs, published by the Zoological Research Institute and Museum Alexander Koenig, has been established for original contributions too long for inclusion in ,, Bonner Zoologische Beiträge". Correspondence concerning manuscripts for publication and purchase orders should be addressed to the editor. L' Institut de Recherches Zoologiques et Museum Alexander Koenig a etabli cette serie de monographies pour pouvoir publier des travaux zoologiques trop longs pour etre inclus dans les ,, Bonner Zoologische Beiträge". Toute correspondance concernant des manuscrits pour cette serie ou des com- mandes doivent etre adressees ä Pediteur. BONNER ZOOLOGISCHE MONOGRAPHIEN, Nr. 16, 1982 Preis 30,- DM Schriftleitung/Editor: H. Ulrich Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig Adenauerallee 150-164, 5300 Bonn, Germany Druck: Ferd. L. Doepgen, 5010 Bergheim © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zoologicalbulletin.de; www.biologiezentrum.at A REVISION OF THE LIZARDS OF THE GENUS ACANTHODACTYLUS (SAURIA: LACERTIDAE) by ALFREDO SALVADOR BONNER ZOOLOGISCHE MONOGRAPHIEN, Nr. 16 1982 Herausgeber: ZOOLOGISCHES FORSCHUNGSINSTITUT UND MUSEUM ALEXANDER KOENIG BONN © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zoologicalbulletin.de; www.biologiezentrum.at © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zoologicalbulletin.de; www.biologiezentrum.at CONTENTS 1. Introduction 5 2. Material 5 3. Methods 6 4. Acknowledgements 7 5. Genus Acanthodactylus Fitzinger 8 6. Key to the species 8 7. Species groups 10 micropholis group 10 boskianus group 10 yemenicus group 11 tristrami group 12 grandis group 12 erythrums group 12 pardalis group 13 scutellatus group 13 cantoris group 14 8. Historical resume 15 9. The species of Acanthodactylus 19 A. micropholis 19 A. boskianus 23 A. schreiben 38 A. masirae 42 A. opheodurus 45 A. felicis 50 A. yemenicus n. sp 53 A. erythrurus 57 A. savignyi 66 A. Wanci 69 A. boueti 73 A. guineensis 77 A. pardalis 80 A. bedriagai 85 A. busacki n. sp 88 A. maculatus 92 A. spinicauda 97 A. tristrami 101 A. robustus 106 A. grandis 110 A. scutellatus 113 A. aureus 122 A. dumerili 126 A. longipes 132 © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zoologicalbulletin.de; www.biologiezentrum.at A. gongrorhynchatus 136 A. haasi 139 A. arabicus 143 A. schmidti. 146 A. blanfordi 151 A. cantoris 155 10. Summary 159 11. Zusammenfassung 160 12. Literature cited 161 © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zoologicalbulletin.de; www.biologiezentrum.at 5 1. INTRODUCTION Acanthodactylus is recognized by persons within the field as one of the most difficult genera of the family Lacertidae. The present state of its systematics could be described as chaotic. Seeing that these lizards are the most conspic- uous and abundant in the desert and arid regions of northern Africa and south- western Asia, it seems unusual that there are so few publications dedicated to the genus. Several recent studies marked by mistaken identification of species have only confused the issue more. For example, in 1936 Angel reported specimens of A. pardalis in Syria when actually they were A. grandis. In 1957 Haas assigned to A. fraseri specimens which Leviton & Anderson (1967) described later as A. gongrorhynchatus. In 1961, Haas discussed a specimen of A. scutellatus which was actually A. grandis. Busack (1975) studied what he thought to be A. parda- lis but which actually turned out to be A. scutellatus. As far as this present work is concerned, I here propose a rearrangement which corrects much of the past and present confusion but yet at the same time does not overlook the possible need for future revisions. 2. MATERIAL This review is based on the examination of more than 6.000 lizards belonging to the genus Acanthodactylus. The majority of them are preserved in alcohol while some are skeletons. I was also able to examine radiographs of more than 420 specimens. Below is a key for the abbreviations of the collections exam- ined. AMNH American Museum of Natural History, New York. ANSP Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia. BM British Museum of Natural History, London. BMI Bagdad Museum Iraq, Bagdad. CAS California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco. CM Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh. EBD Estaciön Biolögica de Donana, Sevilla. FMNH Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago. KU Kansas University Museum of Natural History, Lawrence. LACM Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Los Angeles. MCZ Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge. MNHNP Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris. MVZ Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, Berkeley. NHMW Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien. TCWC Texas Cooperative Wildlife Collection, Texas. © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zoologicalbulletin.de; www.biologiezentrum.at 6 UCM University of Colorado Museum of Natural History, Boulder. UF University of Florida, Florida State Museum, Gainesville. UMMZ University of Michigan Museum of Zoology, Ann Arbor. USNM United States National Museum, Washington. TAU Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv. ZFMK Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn. A catalogue number for each specimen will appear next to the abbreviation of the collection. In those instances where more than one specimen is included under the same catalogue number, the number of the specimens involved can be found in parentheses. 3. METHODS My examination of specimens was aimed at studying the following charac- ters: Size; relative proportions of head, limbs, digits, and tail; number of supraoculars. Presence of lanceolate cavity between the frontanasal and the middle of the frontal. Number of rows of granules betweeen the supraoculars and the superciliaries. Number of superciliaries. Size of the subocular keel. Number of supralabials anterior to the subocular. Subocular contact or lack of contact with the upper lip. Pectination of the eyelids. Size of the scales on the lower eyelid. Number of supratemporals, with or without keel. Size and shape of the temporal scales and the presence or lack of keel. Presence or absence of tympanic scale. Relative size of ear opening and the presence or lack of pectination on the anterior border. Size, shape and number of dorsals and the presence and size of their keels. Size and shape of the late- rals. Size, shape, and row placement of ventrals. Size, shape, and number of scales on the anterior upper surface of the tail and the presence or lack of keels. Number of rows of scales on the fingers. Number of lamellae and carinae on the fourth toe and its lateral pectination. Number of femoral pores on each side of the body and their arrangement or not in one continuous row across the body. Variation of color pattern and coloration in young, subadults, and adults. The osteological characters which were studied are the number of presacral vertebrae, number of cervical ribs, the number of sternal ribs, the number of non-autotomic vertebrae of the tail, and the number of vertebrae with double processes on the tail. It was necessary to choose a region which has been well investigated and from which we have abundant material available from several different locali- ties. Northern Egypt fulfilled these conditions since enormous collections have been gathered there by R.E. Kuntz, W. H. Wells and G.M. Malakatis on © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zoologicalbulletin.de; www.biologiezentrum.at 7 behalf of the United States National Museum (Washington, D.C.) and by H. Hoogstraal on behalf of the Field Museum of Natural History (Chicago). For a given locality the variation of characters, as well as the different combinations of character states, was studied for the entire sample. In this manner, three dif- ferent taxa corresponding to A. boskianus, A. scutellatus, and A. pardalis were obtained. This same operation was followed for all the remaining localities in Egypt, the findings being consistent with the former results. As our area of investiga- tion grew towards northwest Africa and towards southwest Asia, new taxa were added to the list. Special attention was given to the variation of character states and their different combinations in allopatry as well as in sympatry, revealing that for some cases nothing more was involved other than populations of the same species. In addition to the already troublesome transcription of Arabic names of lo- calities into English, other localities situated in the middle of the desert had no names at all and could only be referred to by the longitude
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Preliminary Analysis of Correlated Evolution of Morphology and Ecological Diversification in Lacertid Lizards
    Butll. Soc. Cat. Herp., 19 (2011) Preliminary analysis of correlated evolution of morphology and ecological diversification in lacertid lizards Fèlix Amat Orriols Àrea d'Herpetologia, Museu de Granollers-Ciències Naturals. Francesc Macià 51. 08402 Granollers. Catalonia. Spain. [email protected] Resum S'ha investigat la diversitat morfològica en 129 espècies de lacèrtids i la seva relació amb l'ecologia, per mitjà de mètodes comparatius, utilitzant set variables morfomètriques. La mida corporal és la variable més important, determinant un gradient entre espècies de petita i gran mida independentment evolucionades al llarg de la filogènia dels lacèrtids. Aquesta variable està forta i positivament correlacionada amb les altres, emmascarant els patrons de diversitat morfològica. Anàlisis multivariants en les variables ajustades a la mida corporal mostren una covariació negativa entre les mides relatives de la cua i les extremitats. Remarcablement, les espècies arborícoles i semiarborícoles (Takydromus i el clade africà equatorial) han aparegut dues vegades independentment durant l'evolució dels lacèrtids i es caracteritzen per cues extremadament llargues i extremitats anteriors relativament llargues en comparació a les posteriors. El llangardaix arborícola i planador Holaspis, amb la seva cua curta, constitueix l’única excepció. Un altre cas de convergència ha estat trobat en algunes espècies que es mouen dins de vegetació densa o herba (Tropidosaura, Lacerta agilis, Takydromus amurensis o Zootoca) que presenten cues llargues i extremitats curtes. Al contrari, les especies que viuen en deserts, estepes o matollars amb escassa vegetació aïllada dins grans espais oberts han desenvolupat extremitats posteriors llargues i anteriors curtes per tal d'assolir elevades velocitats i maniobrabilitat. Aquest és el cas especialment de Acanthodactylus i Eremias Abstract Morphologic diversity was studied in 129 species of lacertid lizards and their relationship with ecology by means of comparative analysis on seven linear morphometric measurements.
    [Show full text]
  • Nationally Agreed Contribution Document Towards the New Climate Change Agreement
    Nationally agreed contribution document towards the new climate change agreement Iraq 10/11/2015 Abbreviations BAU Business as Usual CCC Climate Change Center GHGs Greenhouses Gases UN United Nations UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change The Iraqi INDC does not constitute legally binding pledges upon Iraq, but rather a statement of national contributions including actions taken related to climate change. The submission of Iraq’s Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC) report is pursuant with the decision adopted by UNFCCC COP 19 in November 2013. The preparation of the Iraqi INDC adopted a collaborative and consultative process and involved key ministries, departments and stakeholders following the UNFCCC guidelines on designing and preparing INDCs. Iraq’s commitment to addressing climate change has been demonstrated by the timely actions of Iraqi authorities to prepare this report. Iraq calls on developed country Parties to fulfill their commitments in supporting developing and fragile states to tackle the adverse impacts of climate change. Iraq’s preparation of this INDC report has been technically facilitated by UNDP under the GEF-funded project “Iraq’s Nationally Determined Contributions to UNFCCC 2015 Agreement." Contents Executive Summary ....................................................................................................... 1 National circumstances ................................................................................................. 3 Mitigation Scenarios………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….4
    [Show full text]
  • Acanthodactylus Harranensis
    The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ ISSN 2307-8235 (online) IUCN 2008: T164562A5908003 Acanthodactylus harranensis Assessment by: Yakup Kaska, Yusuf Kumlutaş, Aziz Avci, Nazan Üzüm, Can Yeniyurt, Ferdi Akarsu, Roberto Sindaco View on www.iucnredlist.org Citation: Yakup Kaska, Yusuf Kumlutaş, Aziz Avci, Nazan Üzüm, Can Yeniyurt, Ferdi Akarsu, Roberto Sindaco. 2009. Acanthodactylus harranensis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2009: e.T164562A5908003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2009.RLTS.T164562A5908003.en Copyright: © 2015 International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorized without prior written permission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale, reposting or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission from the copyright holder. For further details see Terms of Use. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ is produced and managed by the IUCN Global Species Programme, the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) and The IUCN Red List Partnership. The IUCN Red List Partners are: BirdLife International; Botanic Gardens Conservation International; Conservation International; Microsoft; NatureServe; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Sapienza University of Rome; Texas A&M University; Wildscreen; and Zoological Society of London. If you see any errors or have any questions or suggestions on what is shown in this document,
    [Show full text]
  • Efficiency of the Using of Human and Machine the Sources in Wheat Production in Beheira Governorate
    Available online at http://www.journalijdr.com International Journal of Development Research ISSN: 2230-9926 Vol. 11, Issue, 07, pp. 48934-48940, July, 2021 https://doi.org/10.37118/ijdr.22437.07.2021 RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS EFFICIENCY OF THE USING OF HUMAN AND MACHINE THE SOURCES IN WHEAT PRODUCTION IN BEHEIRA GOVERNORATE Ashraf M. El Dalee1,*, Lamis F. Elbahenasy2, Safaa M. Elwakeel2 and Eman A. Ibrahim3 1Professor Researcher, Agricultural Economics Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center –Egypt 2Senior Researcher, Agricultural Economics Research Institute Agricultural Research Center – Egypt 3Researcher, Agricultural Economics Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center – Egypt ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT The research problem is represented in the high costs of producing wheat crop as a result of the high prices of Article History: production requirements, which may affect the cultivated areas of it, and due to the rapid and successive Received 20th April, 2021 progress in the transfer of technology in the field of agriculture, especially agricultural operations, it has been Received in revised form possible to replace human work with automated work, after the high wages of rural labor trained women in the 10th May, 2021 fields of agriculture and continuous migration to urban areas as a result of the seasonality of agricultural Accepted 30th June, 2021 production on the one hand, and the low wages in the country side compared to the urban ones, which Published online 28th July, 2021 prompted farmers to move towards using
    [Show full text]
  • Enhancing Climate Change Adaptation in the North Coast and Nile Delta Regions in Egypt Environmental and Social Management Frame
    Annex VI (b) – Environmental and Social Management Framework Green Climate Fund Funding Proposal I Enhancing Climate Change Adaptation in the North Coast and Nile Delta Regions in Egypt Environmental and Social Management Framework 31 August 2017 FP-UNDP-050617-5945- Annex VI (b) 17 Aug 2017.docx 1 Annex VI (b) – Environmental and Social Management Framework Green Climate Fund Funding Proposal I CONTENTS Contents ................................................................................................................................................. 2 Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................... 8 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 10 1.1 Background ................................................................................................................................. 10 1.2 Overview of the Project ............................................................................................................... 11 1.2.1 Summary of Activities .......................................................................................................... 12 1.2.2 Construction Material .......................................................................................................... 17 1.3 Environmental and Social Risk Assessment ............................................................................... 18 1.3.1
    [Show full text]
  • Systematic Revision of Acanthodactylus Busacki (Squamata: Lacertidae) with a Description of a New Species from Morocco
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317568775 Systematic revision of Acanthodactylus busacki (Squamata: Lacertidae) with a description of a new species from Morocco Article in Zootaxa · June 2017 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4276.3.3 CITATIONS READS 0 53 4 authors, including: Karin Tamar José Carlos Brito Tel Aviv University CIBIO Research Center in Biodiversity and Ge… 24 PUBLICATIONS 32 CITATIONS 313 PUBLICATIONS 2,333 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Pierre-André Crochet French National Centre for Scientific Research 295 PUBLICATIONS 2,587 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Evolutionary ecology of desert organisms View project Mohammed bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund to CGV (11052707) View project All content following this page was uploaded by Karin Tamar on 19 June 2017. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Zootaxa 4276 (3): 357–386 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2017 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4276.3.3 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:CB669212-EF39-4D3B-9B87-C729FEC2E15C Systematic revision of Acanthodactylus busacki (Squamata: Lacertidae) with a description of a new species from Morocco KARIN TAMAR1,2,6, PHILIPPE GENIEZ3, JOSÉ C. BRITO4 & PIERRE-ANDRÉ CROCHET5 1The Steinhardt Museum of Natural History, Israel National Center for Biodiversity Studies, Tel Aviv University, 6997801 Tel-Aviv, Israel 2Department of Zoology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel 3EPHE, PSL Research University, CNRS, UM, SupAgro, IRD, INRA, UMR 5175 Centre d’Écologie Fonctionnelle et Évolutive (CEFE), F-34293 Montpellier cedex 5, France 4CIBIO/InBIO, Centro de Investigacão em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto, R.
    [Show full text]
  • Address Before a Joint Session of the Congress on the Persian Gulf Crisis and the Federal Budget Deficit
    Address before a joint session of the Congress on the Persian Gulf crisis and the federal budget deficit. Powers and Principalities This WordPress.com site is The tAhme ecraitc’as npsa jwamitha Ds isabilities Act Conspiracy Blog Stats 11,545 hits The American with Disabilities Act Conspiracy The American with Disabilities Act was not the social security disability retirement act, and the timing of the enactment of the legislation by President George HW Bush on July 26, 1990 was an “inclusion” fraud and conspiracy with me specifically in mind, my postal hiring (orientation) had been scheduled approximately at least two months prior to my starting date of July 30, 1990. George HW Bush was Congressman from Texas, Ambassador to China, Central Intelligence director, and Vice president of the United States for eight years and President for four years. The invasion into Kuwait on August 2, 1990 was an intentional scheme act. Jury duty beginning January 14, 1991 was an extension of the scheme, with Saddam Hussein’s deadline to withdraw troops from Kuwait being on January 16, 1991 and the declaration of Desert Storm, a name chosen from the bible…..Daniel chapter 11. The 9/11/90 New World Order speech was the first speech I watched the president make as a new Federal employee. A five point speech. The directions and recommendation to fill out an EEO after the Waco, Texas siege that ended April 19, 1993, had begun was a continuation with the War crimes tribunal for the former Yugoslavia. The timing of proposed resolutions and nominations and resolution passage and confirmations, with the presumed foresight of those involved of the conclusions of the motions.
    [Show full text]
  • Preliminary Analysis of Correlated Evolution of Morphology and Ecological Diversification in Lacertid Lizards
    Butll. Soc. Cat. Herp., 19 (2011) Preliminary analysis of correlated evolution of morphology and ecological diversification in lacertid lizards Fèlix Amat Orriols Àrea d'Herpetologia, Museu de Granollers-Ciències Naturals. Francesc Macià 51. 08402 Granollers. Catalonia. Spain. [email protected] Resum S'ha investigat la diversitat morfològica en 129 espècies de lacèrtids i la seva relació amb l'ecologia, per mitjà de mètodes comparatius, utilitzant set variables morfomètriques. La mida corporal és la variable més important, determinant un gradient entre espècies de petita i gran mida independentment evolucionades al llarg de la filogènia dels lacèrtids. Aquesta variable està forta i positivament correlacionada amb les altres, emmascarant els patrons de diversitat morfològica. Anàlisis multivariants en les variables ajustades a la mida corporal mostren una covariació negativa entre les mides relatives de la cua i les extremitats. Remarcablement, les espècies arborícoles i semiarborícoles (Takydromus i el clade africà equatorial) han aparegut dues vegades independentment durant l'evolució dels lacèrtids i es caracteritzen per cues extremadament llargues i extremitats anteriors relativament llargues en comparació a les posteriors. El llangardaix arborícola i planador Holaspis, amb la seva cua curta, constitueix l’única excepció. Un altre cas de convergència ha estat trobat en algunes espècies que es mouen dins de vegetació densa o herba (Tropidosaura, Lacerta agilis, Takydromus amurensis o Zootoca) que presenten cues llargues i extremitats curtes. Al contrari, les especies que viuen en deserts, estepes o matollars amb escassa vegetació aïllada dins grans espais oberts han desenvolupat extremitats posteriors llargues i anteriors curtes per tal d'assolir elevades velocitats i maniobrabilitat. Aquest és el cas especialment de Acanthodactylus i Eremias Abstract Morphologic diversity was studied in 129 species of lacertid lizards and their relationship with ecology by means of comparative analysis on seven linear morphometric measurements.
    [Show full text]
  • Mercury and Methyl Mercury in Sediments of Northern Lakes-Egypt
    Journal of Environmental Protection, 2012, 3, 254-261 http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jep.2012.33032 Published Online March 2012 (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/jep) Mercury and Methyl Mercury in Sediments of Northern Lakes-Egypt Mohamed A. Shreadah1, Safaa A. Abdel Ghani1, Asia Abd El Samie Taha2, Abd El Moniem M. Ahmed2, Hamada B. I. Hawash1 1National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria, Egypt; 2Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria Uni- versity, Alexandria, Egypt. Email: [email protected] Received December 1st, 2011; revised January 16th, 2012; accepted February 18th, 2012 ABSTRACT Fifty-four sediment samples of the five Northern Egyptian lakes, (Mariout, Edku, El-Burullus, El-Manzallah, and El- Bardaweel) were analyzed to investigate the pollution status of mercury (Hg). The total mercury (T-Hg) content in sediment samples ranged from 15.33 to 171.29 ng·g–1 dry wt). The results showed that T-Hg were lower than the back ground values reported and also lower than the ranges of uncontaminated sediments. Moreover, the T-Hg concentra- tions in all sediments were under the upper chemical Exceedance level (1 µg·g–1). The concentrations of Methyl mer- cury (MeHg) in surface sediments of the Northern lakes ranged from 0.002 - 0.023 ng·g–1 dry wt. The contribution of MeHg was less than 0.1% of total mercury concentration with index values from 0.08 - 1.37 ng·g–1; dry wt). MeHg showed insignificant correlation with T-Hg. This suggested that MeHg contents were not controlled by the T-Hg in sediments. The T-Hg and MeHg concentrations were insignificantly correlated with TOC content which indicates that the concentration of T-Hg and MeHg in sediments of Northern lakes were not influence by TOC.
    [Show full text]
  • A Three-Dimensional, Numerical Groundwater Flow Model of The
    Fourth International Symposium on Environmental Hydrology,2005, ASCE-EG, Cairo, Egypt, INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF WATER RESOURCES IN WESTERN NILE DELTA 2-MANAGEMENT ٍ SCENARIOS A. M. El Molla1, M. A. Dawoud2, M. S. Hassan3, H. Abdulrahman Ewea3, R. F. Mohamed4 ABSTRACT Western Nile delta is an important area in Egypt, in which the government has later established new reclamation projects, and irrigation and drainage network. The increase in reclaimed area together with the decrease in the discharge of canals network especially in the 1980‟s lead to shortage of surface water. The Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation (MWRI) has an overall development plan, which will increase the reclamation area to be 625,000 feddan at the western delta area before 2017. A number of management scenarios were defined. These scenarios study alternative conjunctive uses for available water resources in western Nile delta (surface water, ground water, drainage water reuse) to prevent the groundwater aquifer from depletion. The proposed scenarios studied the full completion of the development plan proposed by MWRI for western Delta area by the year 2017. The previously built and calibrated ground water flow model was used to predict the effects of various scenarios on the groundwater aquifer for the present development and for the year 2017 development plan. INTRODUCTION Western Nile delta is an important area in Egypt, which has limited water resources, although it lies on the western part of Nile Delta aquifer. Due to the increased in the area of the reclaimed lands farmers are suffering from shortage of surface water and are forced to depend on the groundwater abstraction from wells.
    [Show full text]
  • Sauria: Lacertidae) for Iran
    1999 Asiatic Herpetological Research Vol. 8, pp. 85-89 First Record of the Lacertid Acanthodactylus boskianus (Sauria: Lacertidae) for Iran Nasrullah Rastegar-Pouyani Department of Zoology, Goteborg University. Box 463, SE 405 30 Goteborg, Sweden Abstract.- The first record of the lacertid li/.ard Acanthodactylus boskianus for Iran is presented based on material collected by the author in 1995 and 1996 from 2 km west of Harsin, Kermanshah province, western Iran, on the Astragalus -covered sandy hills at about 1420 m elevation. Systematics and distribution of this lizard are discussed and its conventional known subspecies are questioned. Key words.- Acanthodactylus boskianus, Lacertidae, Subspecies, New record. Western Iran, Kermanshah province, Harsin, Systematics, Distribution. Figurel . The distribution of Acanthodactylus boskianus in north Africa and the Middle East. Introduction Figure 2. The locality of Acanthodactylus boskianus spec- The lacertid genus Acanthodactylus Wiegman, 1834 imens collected by the author from Harsin, southeast of Kermanshah western Iran. = consists of about 30 species, distributed from Spain Province, (|) Harsin, = and Portugal across the Sahara desert and its periph- () Locality of A. boskianus specimens. ery to the Red Sea, over most of Arabia and as far Salvador. 1982). This genus has recently been revised north as Cyprus and the Syrian-Turkish border; it also by Salvador (1982) and Arnold (1983) who divide it extends through Iraq, southern, and eastern Iran, into 9 species groups. Among these groups is the "A. southern Afghanistan. Pakistan and northwestern boskianus and A. schreiberi "group defined by several India (Arnold, 1983). distinguishing characters (Arnold, 1983: 315). Apart from the present record, four additional spe- So far, there is no record in the literature for the cies of this genus occur in Iran, mainly in southern occurrence of A.
    [Show full text]
  • The Euphrates River: an Analysis of a Shared River System in the Middle East
    /?2S THE EUPHRATES RIVER: AN ANALYSIS OF A SHARED RIVER SYSTEM IN THE MIDDLE EAST by ARNON MEDZINI THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY SCHOOL OF ORIENTAL AND AFRICAN STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF LONDON September 1994 ProQuest Number: 11010336 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 11010336 Published by ProQuest LLC(2018). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 Abstract In a world where the amount of resources is constant and unchanging but where their use and exploitation is growing because of the rapid population growth, a rise in standards of living and the development of industrialization, the resource of water has become a critical issue in the foreign relations between different states. As a result of this many research scholars claim that, today, we are facing the beginning of the "Geopolitical era of water". The danger of conflict of water is especially severe in the Middle East which is characterized by the low level of precipitation and high temperatures. The Middle Eastern countries have been involved in a constant state of political tension and the gap between the growing number of inhabitants and the fixed supply of water and land has been a factor in contributing to this tension.
    [Show full text]