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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT FOR SAND MINING DISTRICT

PREFACE

In Compliance to the Notification Issued by the Ministry of Environment , Forest And Climate change Dated 15.01.2016 , the preparation of District survey report of River bed mining and other minor minerals is in accordance appendix 10 of the notification . It is also mentioned here that the procedure of preparation of District Survey Report is as per notification guidelines. Every efforts have been made to cover sand mining locations, areas & overview of Mining activity in the district with all it's relevant features pertaining to geology & mineral wealth in replenishable and non-replenishable areas of rivers, stream and other sand sources. This report will be a model and guiding document which is a compendium of available mineral resources , geographical set up , environmental and ecological set up of the District and is based on data of various departments , published reports , and websites. The data may vary due to flood , heavy rains and other natural calamities. Therefore , it is recommended that Sub Divisional Level Committee may take into consideration all its relevant aspects / data while scrutinizing and recommending the application for EC to the concerned Authority.

SURVEY REPORT OF DISTRICT BAGALKOT

As per Gazette notification of 15th January 2016 of Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change a Survey shall be carried out by the State Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA) with assistance of irrigation department, Drainage department, Forest department, Mining department and Revenue department in the district for preparation of District Survey Report as per the sustainable Sand mining guidelines to ensure identification of areas of aggradations or deposition where mining can be allowed; and identification of areas of erosion and proximity to infrastructural structures and installations where mining should be prohibited and calculation of annual rate of replenishment and allowing time for replenishment after mining in that area. Every efforts have been made to cover sand mining locations, areas & overview of Mining activity in the district with all it's relevant features pertaining to geology & mineral wealth in replenish-able and non-replenish-able areas of rivers, stream and other sand sources. The mineral potential is calculated based on field investigation & geology of the catchment area of the river or streams. Also as per the site conditions and locations, depth of minable mineral is defined. The area for removal of the mineral in a river or stream is decided depending on geomorphology & other factors, it can be 50% to 60% of the area of a particular river or stream. Other constituents like clay and silt are excluded as waste while calculating the mineral potential of particular river or stream. This District Survey Report shall form the basis for application for environment clearance, preparation of reports and appraisal of projects. The report shall be updated once every five years.

Ordinary sand other than sand use for prescribed purposes and some other minerals have been specified as minor mineral in Sec 3(E) of The Mines and Minerals ( Development and Regulation) Act, 1957. The Central Government in addition to some other minor minerals have also declared the ordinary earth (used for filling or leveling purposes in construction or embankments, roads, railways and buildings) and brick earth as the minor minerals. The Government of Punjab vide notification no. S.O.22/P.A.9/1996/S.3/2008 dated 28.03.2008 have acquired the rights of ordinary clay, ordinary sand other than sand use for prescribed purposes, brick earth and ordinary earth (used for filling or leveling purposes in construction or embankments, roads, railways and buildings) in addition to some other minor minerals.. 1. INTRODUCTION :-

Bāgalkot district is an administrative district in the Indian state of . The district headquarters is located in the town of Bagalkote. The district is located in northern Karnataka and borders , Gadag, Koppal, and . The new Bagalkote district was carved out of Bijapur in 1997 via Government of Karnataka directive Notification RD 42 LRD 87 Part III.[1] The bifurcated Bagalkote district consists of eight taluks — , Bagalkote, , RabkaviBanhatti, Hunagund, , and .[2]

Historically, Badami which is part of Bagalkote was the capital of the Chalukyan Empire of South under Pulakeshin I, who conquered the district in 550 CE. Bagalkot's Badami taluk remained the seat of the throne of the Chalukyas from 550 CE — 753 CE, when Chalukya king Kirtivarman II was overthrown by the Rashtrakutas.

Remnants of Chalukyan art and architecture are important tourist attractions in Bagalkote. Pattadakallu has many UNESCO World Heritage temples built by Vikramaditya II, while , which lies on the banks of the , is an important temple town with over 140 temples belonging to both the early and later Chalukya times. The cave temples of and the Jain temples of Rashtrakutas at Lokapura and Bilgi are also famous.

Cottage industries occupy a predominant position in Bagalkote. The district is popular for its silk and handloom industries.

Ghataprabha River, Malaprabha River and flow through the district. Koodalasangama lies at the point of confluence of rivers Krishna and Malaprabha.

Like most districts in India, Bagalkote is headed by a Deputy Commissioner, with various Tahalsidars heading individual taluks in the district.

The Samadhi of 12th-century social reformist Basavanna, known for his crusade against caste exploitation, is located in Koodalasangama, a town in the taluk of Hungund.

2. PHYSICAL FEATURES & GEOGRAPHICAL AREA:

The district of Bagalkot is situated entirely on the Plateau, which is part of the larger . Located in north-central Karnataka, Bagalkot is surrounded by Belgaum District to the west, Bijapur District and District to the north and north- east, to the east and , and to the south-east, south and south-west respectively. It is positioned at 16°12′N 75°45′E and covers an area of 6593 km². has seven taluks — Bagalkot, Badami, , Mudhol, Jamkhandi, Bilgi, and .[2] The average elevation in this area reaches approximately 610 m. The climate is warm and dry throughout the year and rainfall is scarce. Bagalkot district receives the lowest rainfall annually in Karnataka. The average rainfall in the region is approximately 318 mm annually.[10] The months of September and December account for about 52% of the total annual rainfall.

Bagalkot is devoid of large canopy tree vegetation; the region is semi-arid. The Krishna River, River and Malaprabha River flow through the region but are non perennial. Soil in the area can be categorised as either the majority black or minority red.[6] Black soil retains moisture and is often used for the cultivation of cotton. Rabi and jowar are primarily cultivated in Bagalkot, as are groundnut, cotton, maize, bajra, wheat, sugarcane and tobacco.[11] The district is also rich in mineral wealth. The village of , located 24 km from the town of Bagalkot, harbours copper. Iron ore also exists in the southern part of the district. Like much of Karnataka, the gneiss is the most common rock family. Common rock types in the region include greenstone, quartzite, sandstone and limestone. The dry climate makes the region susceptible to drought and crop failure. Bagalkot has not been affected by major seismic activity due to it being located in the stable Zone II.

A. Brief details of Bagalkot:

Country INDIA STATE KARNATAKA HEADQUATERS BAGALKOT TALUKAS Bagalkote, , Badami, Bilgi, Hungund, Jamkhandi, Mudhol AREA 6,593 km2 (2,546 sq mi) POPULATION Total -1,891,009 Density - 290/km2 (740/sq mi) LANGUAGES Official - TIME ZONE IST (UTC +5.30) PIN 587101-587325 TELEPHONE CODE +91 (0)8354 VEHICLE REGISTRATION KA-29

B. GENERAL PROFILE OF BAGALKOT DISTRICT

Geographical area in sq.kms 6593 sq.Kms Number of Revenue Blocks 06 Number of Sub Divisions 02 Number of Educational blocks 06 Number of Gram Panchayat 198 Number of Taluk Panchayat 06 Number of Assembly Constituencies 07 Number of Zilla Panchayat Constituencies 36 Number of Towns (CMC 5, TMC 5, TPC 5) 15 Number of Wards 270 Number of Revenue Villages 602

C. Population :

According to the 2011 census Bagalkot district has a population of 1,890,826,[12] roughly equal to the nation of Lesotho or the US state of West Virginia. This gives it a ranking of 249th in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of 288 inhabitants per square kilometre (750/sq mi) . Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 14.46%.[12] Bagalkot has a sex ratio of 984 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 69.39%. Bagalkot is the second largest district in the and the 15th most populous district in Karnataka. With over 1,651,892 inhabitants (of which 28.97% were urban), Bagalkot accounts for over 18% of the total population of the Belgaum Division. Bagalkot has 6 taluks, comprising a total of 18 hoblies and 627 villages. Of the 6 taluks, two are categorised as "More Backward Taluk" and one as "Most Backward Taluk". The district has 163 Gram Panchayats and 12 urban agglomerations. Bagalkot, with a decadal growth rate of about 19% is one of the ten fastest growing districts in Karnataka. Over 86% of the population in the district is Hindu, while 11% of the population is Muslim. Jains account for a little over 1% of the population, while Christians account for 0.17%. Scheduled Castes and Tribes constitute about 17% of the total population. Communal tensions are fairly uncommon in Bagalkot. Kannada, the state language of Karnataka, is the most widely spoken language in the district. The literacy rate of the district is 57.3%, higher than national levels (52%) but lower than the mean literacy rate of the state (66.6%). Bagalkot ranks 22nd out of the 27 districts in Karnataka for adult literacy. The population density of Bagalkot is approximately 251 persons per square kilometer. Housing conditions in the district were identified as above average, per India's 2001 national census.

3. PHYSIOGRAPHY

The district of Bagalkot is situated entirely on the North Karnataka Plateau, which is part of the larger Deccan Plateau. Located in north-central Karnataka, Bagalkot is surrounded by Belgaum District to the west, Bijapur District and to the north and north- east, Raichur District to the east and Koppal District, Gadag District and Dharwad District to the south-east, south and south-west respectively. It is positioned at 16°12′N 75°45′E and covers an area of 6593 km². Bagalkot district has seven taluks — Bagalkot, Badami, Hunagunda, Mudhol, Jamkhandi, Bilgi, and Mahalingpur. The average elevation in this area reaches approximately 610 m. The climate is warm and dry throughout the year and rainfall is scarce. Bagalkot district receives the lowest rainfall annually in Karnataka. The average rainfall in the region is approximately 318 mm annually.[10] The months of September and December account for about 52% of the total annual rainfall.

Badami Badami Cave Temples Vaishnava Cave temple No. 3 at Badami, 578 CE

Vishnu image in Cave temple No. 3 Badami taluk remained the seat of the throne of the Chalukyas from 550 CE - 753 CE, till Chalukya king Kirtivarman II was overthrown by the Rashtrakutas.

Pattadakal has many UNESCO World Heritage temples built by Vikramaditya II.

Mallikarjuna temple and Kashi Vishwanatha temple at Pattadakal, North Karnataka Mallikarjuna temple is in dravidian style while Kashi Vishwanatha temple is in nagara style at Pattadakal, built around 740 CE.

 Aihole Aihole, which lies on the banks of the Malaprabha River, is an important temple town with over 140 temples belonging to both the early and later Chalukya times.

Durga temple at Aihole

Kudalasangama, where Basavanna's samadhi is located. The 12th-century social reformist Basavanna, known for his crusade against caste exploitation, was born in Basavana .

 Mahakuta Mahakuta group of temples The Mahakuteshwara temple dedicated to , is built in the Dravidian style. Naganath Temple, located in a forest on the way to Mahakuta, is one of the early Chalukya temples dedicated to Shiva. Mahakuta, once the epicenter of shaiva cult, is a beautiful place surrounded by hills.

Mahakutesvara temple and Sangamesvara temple, Mahakuta

Amma Temple Here, an annual fair and festival is held during January & February. The temple in Banashankari is dedicated to Banashankari or Shakambari, a form of . It is located at Cholachagud, popularly called Banashankari.  Mudhol Mudhol is the birthplace of poet Kavi Chakravarti . Mudhol was one of the 9-gun princely states of British India. Mudhol is famous for a breed of dog known as the Mudhol Hound.

Mahakutesvara temple and Sangamesvara temple, Mahakuta

 Banashankari Amma Temple Here, an annual fair and festival is held during January & February. The temple in Banashankari is dedicated to Banashankari or Shakambari, a form of Parvati. It is located at Cholachagud, popularly called Banashankari.

 Mudhol Mudhol is the birthplace of poet Kavi Chakravarti Ranna. Mudhol was one of the 9-gun princely states of British India. Mudhol is famous for a breed of dog known as the Mudhol Hound.

4.RIVER SYSTEM

Malaprabha River originates in the Sahyadri mountains at an altitude of 792.4 metres (2,600 ft) at village 16 km (9.9 mi) west of Jamboti village, Khanapur taluka, Belgaum District, Karnataka. At the origin of the Malaprabha is an ancient temple dedicated to Shree Mauli Devi. The temple is in R.S. No. 127 of Kankumbi.[2] Malaprabha birthplace is a pilgrimage center with mythological origins. A symbol in rock carved by hand near the source of the river Malaprabha depicts the origin of the river for the purpose of safety showered for the well being of humankind. It is a source of highly stable mineral water. Presence of discontinuities has major effects on properties of contours at source of river. Permeability is dependent on orientation of the region. Malaprabha flows a distance of 304 km (189 mi) from Kanakumbi-Khanapur- (Malaprabha Dam)-Nargund-Pattadkal-Kudalasangam before joining river Krishna at an altitude of 488 metres (1,601 ft) at Kudala Sangama in Bagalkot district.

The is an important right-bank tributary of the Krishna River and flows eastward for a distance of 283 kilometers before its confluence with the Krishna River at Almatti. The river basin is 8,829 square kilometers wide and stretches across Karnataka and states.

Ghataprabha River originates in the near Chaukul, a village in Sawantwadi taluka of Maharashtra's . It rises about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) away from the hill station of Amboli forming at the east-face of the same hills which give birth to the Hiranyakeshi river, one of its important tributaries. From hereon, the river flows eastward into the district of Maharashtra forming the Phatakwadi lake, an artificial water body created by damming the river. It is the only dam built on this river within the jurisdiction of Maharashtra and also includes an hydro-electric plant.

The Krishna river originates in the western ghats near Mahabaleshwar at an elevation of about 1,300 metres, in the state of Maharashtra in central India. It is one of the longest rivers in India. The Krishna river is around 1,300 km in length. The Krishna river's source is at Mahabaleswar near the Jor village in the extreme north of Wai Taluka, Satara District, Maharashtra in the west and empties into the Bay of Bengal at Hamasaladeevi (near Koduru) in , on the east coast. It flows through the state of Karnataka before entering State. The delta of this river is one of the most fertile regions in India and was the home to ancient Satavahana and Ikshvaku Sun Dynasty kings. is the largest city on the River Krishna. It causes heavy soil erosion during the monsoon floods. It flows fast and furious, often reaching depths of over 75 feet (23 m). Ironically, there is a saying in Marathi: "Shant vaahate Krishnamaai" which means "quiet flows Krishna". This term is used to describe that a person should be as quiet as Krishna.

Right-bank tributary Town, District, State of confluence Left-Bank Tributary

Venna River Sangam Mauli, Satara, Maharashtra

Urmodi river Kashil, Satara, Maharashtra

Tarali/Kali Ganga river Umbraj, Satara, Maharashtra

Mand river Umbraj, Satara, Maharashtra

Tasawade, Satara, Maharashtra Kolamba river

Koyna River , Satara, Maharashtra

Bramhanal, , Maharashtra Yerla river

Warna River Haripur, Sangli, Maharashtra

Panchganga River Narsobawadi, Sangli, Mahrashtra

Dudhaganga Yadur, Belgaum, Karnataka

Hippagiri barrage

Ghataprabha River Almatti, Bagalkot District, Karanataka

Almatti Dam

Kudala Sangam, Bagalkot District,

Malaprabha River Karanataka

Basava Sagar Reservoir

Ammapur, Kalburgi, Karnataka Doni River

Kadlur, Raichur, Karnataka

Jurala dam

Lower Jurala dam

Tungabhadra River Alampur, Mahaboobnagar, Telangana

Srisailam temple Dam

Srisailam tail pond weir

Nalgonda district, Telangana Dindi River

Nagarjuna Sagar dam

Chityala, Nalgonda Haliya River

Nagarjuna Sagar tail pond dam

Wazirabad, Nalgonda, Telangana

Pulichintala dam ,Suryapet district

Mukteswarapuram, Krishna district River

Amaravathi village, Guntur district

Polavaram right bank

Ibrahimpatnam, Krishna district

canal

5. RAINFALL & CLIMATE

The climate of the district is classified as tropical, semi arid and hot which is mainly dry with very hot summer and cold winter except during south west monsoon season. There are four seasons in a year namely cold season from November to March, hot season from April to June, south west monsoon season from last week of June to middle September and post monsoon season from September to beginning of November. During cold season, series of western disturbances affect the climate of the district. The normal annual rainfall of the district is 680 mm unevenly distributed over 31 rainy days. The south west monsoon contributes 75% rainfall and sets in last week of June and withdraws in middle of September. Rest 25% of annual rainfall occurs in the in non monsoon months in the wake of western disturbances and thunder storms. The rainfall increases from southwest to northeastern part of the district.

A. RAINFALL:

Rainfall in Bagalkot varies from 12mm to 670mm per month. The average annual rainfall in the district is 550 mm. The rainfall in the district increases generally from the South-west towards the north-east and varies from 435.5 mm. About 75% of the rainfall in the district is received during the period from June to September and as much as about 18% rainfall occurs during the period from July to September.

B) CLIMATE : The climate of the area is sub Tropical Monsoon climate. The climate of the area is characterized by general dryness except during the brief south-west monsoon season, a hot summer is a bracing winter. The year may be divided into four seasons. It comprises of the winter season (November to Feb) when temperatures ranges from 22 °C to about 16 °C, the hot season (April to June) when temperatures can reach 45 °C (113 °F), monsoon season (July to September) and post-monsoon (September to November). The climate is generally characterized by dry weather except the brief southwest monsoon season, hot summer and bracing winter. Bagalkot receives on an average 601.5 mm of rainfall with around 33 rainy days. The wind direction of Bagalkot is from North West to South-East.

C) Humidity : Relative humidity is generally high in the mornings, exceeding 70 per cent except during the summer season when it is less than 50 per cent. The humidity is comparatively less in the afternoons. The driest part of the year is the summer season when the relative humidity in the afternoons is about 25 per cent or less.

D) Winds : Winds are generally light with some strengthening in the summer and early part of the monsoon season. In the post-monsoon and cold season, winds are light and variable in direction in the morning and mostly from the west or north-west in the afternoons. In April and May, winds are mainly from direction between northwest and north-east in the mornings and between west and north-east in the afternoons. By June, easterlies and south –easterlies also blow and in the southwest monsoon season. winds are more commonly from directions between northeast and south-east.

E) Special weather phenomena : Western disturbances affect the weather over the district during the cold season, causing widespread rain and gusty winds. Dust-storms and thunderstorms occur in the summer season. Occasional fog occurs in the cold season.

Temperature Precipitation Months Normal Warmest Coldest Normal January 21.9°C 29.3°C 14.5°C 0 February 23.7°C 31.7°C 15.7°C 0 March 26.5°C 34.5°C 18.6°C 1 April 28.3°C 36.0°C 20.5°C 3 May 27.8°C 34.5°C 21.1°C 6 June 24.6°C 28.2°C 20.9°C 14 July 23.2°C 25.9°C 20.5°C 20 August 22.9°C 25.6°C 20.2°C 20 September 23.7°C 27.7°C 19.6°C 10 October 24.2°C 29.4°C 18.8°C 6 November 22.8°C 28.7°C 16.8°C 3 December 21.8°C 28.3°C 15.3°C 0

6. GROUND WATER SCENARIO

Hydrogeology: The ovoid shaped Kaladgi and Badami Group of sedimentary basin is well marked lying mainly between Krishna, Malaprabha and Ghataprabha rivers, and an area of around 8,300 sq. kms.. In the shallow aquifer ( up to 50m) ground water occurs under unconfined/water table conditions, where as in deeper aquifer, semi-confined/confined conditions exist. The traditional dugwells tapping the shallow aquifer are not in use and most of them have been abandoned, however, this aquifer is being tapped by the hand pumps and shallow tube wells, which are widely used for domestic purposes. The permeable granular zones comprising fine to mediumgrained sand and occasionally coarse sand and gravel. Their lateral and vertical extent is limited. The borehole data reveals that clay group of formations dominate over the sand group in the district area. Ground water in the district occurs in the alluvium under water table and semi confined to confined conditions.

Water level behaviour: The depth to water level ranges from 12 to 450 m during pre monsoon period and 22 to 50 m during post monsoon period. The seasonal fluctuation varies from 2.0 to 12.0 m in the area. The long-term water level trend indicates average fall of 0.50 m/year. The long term water level trend is also showing little rise being 0.24 m/year around majauli, which is insignificant with respect to entire area.

Ground water flow: The elevation of the water table in the district varies from 430 m to 500 m above mean sea level. The highest elevation is in the South Easter part and the lowest in the Noerthwestern part and reflects the topographic gradients. The hydraulic gradient in the northern western part is steep, whereas, in the south-western part, it is gentle. The overall flow of ground water is from northeast to south-west direction.

7. LAND USE/LAND COVER MAPPING

The purpose of land use classification is to maximize the productivity and to conserve the land for prosperity; classification of land requires considerable time and expense. Therefore, there must be justification for classifying of land in to different categories. Land classification is not an end in itself but a means to obtain better land use. Land classification means dividing the land into different categories according to a single factor or a set of factors. Therefore, land classifications may be of many types depending upon the factors taken for classification.

The land classification relates to climatic factors, soil characteristics, slope of the land, and degree of erosion, water supply, drainage and similar environmental conditions. The land use capabilities classification portrays the physical capabilities of land to produce over a long period of time under stated conditions of use and which can provide the operations with a basis for actual practice on scientific use of land.

1. The land use map will be utilized as a basic database, which provides the foundation of allocating new land use practices. 2. It will incorporate demographic, economic and environmental impact, which is useful as components of the planning programme. 3. The information of land use map indicate where intensive development has already taken place and where there is open land suitable for future expansions, but also make it possible to determine special areas, as prime agriculture land. 4. Rapid production of small scale map from land-sat multi spectral imageries showing the broad distribution of land use pattern, could serve as a basis for monitoring land use change etc., the growth of the irrigated area and possible change in forest boundaries etc.. 5. The land use map will serve as a base in the integrated overall panning of agricultural and industrial developments of the region.

8. GEOLOGY AND MINERAL OF BAGALKOT

The ovoid shaped Kaladgi and Badami Group of sedimentary basin is well marked lying mainly between Krishna, Malaprabha and Ghataprabha rivers, and an area of around 8,300 sq. kms. It is occupies in parts of Bagalkot, Bijapur, Belgaum, Dharwad, Raichur districts of northern Karnataka state, and some parts of eastern Maharashtra, at the Latitude 15°33’ to 16°31' N; and Longitude 74° 10' to 76° E [Fig. 4.1], as it is located almost centre part of the basin. Hence this group of the rocks was designated as 'Kaladgi Series' by Bruce Foote in 1876. However, further attempts were made from several authors to classify Kaladgi sediments by Pascoe, (1949, 1965); Krishnan, (1964); Nautiyal, (1966); Viswanathiah, (1977, 78-80); Chandrasekhara Gowda (1980-1981); Jayaprakash et al, (1987) and Kale, et aL, (1996) were given light on the new classification of the Kaladgi sediments.

The Precambrian epicontinental Kaladgi Basin represents a remarkable and significant geological unit displaying magnificent stratigraphic succession, lithologic assemblage, tectonic, structural and depositional features among the Precambrian rocks of Peninsular India. It covers the large area, as compared to the other Precambrian sedimentary formations of Karnataka namely the 'Bhima Group' and geologically it has long history. The Bhima Group assumed to be coeval with Badamis and is similar in deposition to the Badamis, which are made up of blanket conglomerates, glauconite bearing quartzarenites, argillites and carbonates resting unconformably on the Dharwar Group (Sathyanarayan, 1994). The Kaladgi Group initially comprised the rock types of conglomerates, arenites, argillites and carbonate rocks that rest comprised on the Precambrian granites, gneisses and schists belonging to the Dharwar Supergroup. The Kaladgi Supergroup is correlatable with the 'Riphean' of the standard stratigraphic scale of Europe.

AVAILABILITY OF MINERALS:

The district is also rich in mineral wealth. The village of Kaladgi, located 24 km from the town of Bagalkot, harbours copper. Iron ore also exists in the southern part of the district. Like much of Karnataka, the gneiss is the most common rock family. Common rock types in the region include greenstone, quartzite, sandstone and limestone.

Major Mineral’s available are:

Lime Stone

Iron Ore

Manganese

Minor Minerals available area:

Dolomite

Export grade pink granite

Sand Stone -Ornamental stone

- Building Stone

Basaltic rocks and genesis rocks as building stone

Sand - River beds

-Patta land Barytes etc

Royalty collection from the district:

Royalty Collected Sl No Total Major Minor 2015-16 517.74 637.29 1155.03 2014-15 3554.84 3262.84 6817.68

STATEMENT SHOWING THE LIST OF MINING LEASE HOLDERS IN BADAMI TALUK

Sl. Date of Grant & Total Name & Address of the Lessee ML. No. Location Sy. No. Extent Mineral Remarks No. Period DMF 1 M/s. Mysore Minerals 27/04/1996 - idle 2644 169,263 & Etc 178.33 Dolomite Ltd.No.39, M.G, Road, Bangalore. 20 Years M\s. Gajanana Minerals - idle 2 18-07-2000 Prop. Vijayakumar.K. Navalagi, 2275 35A 4.04 Dolomite 20 Years Bagalkot. 3 Smt. V.S. Raikar, C/o Limestone/ 13-03-2002 1327500 2391 Sulikere 119, 120 10.607 Vijayalaxmi Jewelers, Bagalkot. Dolomite 20 Years 4 M/s. Gajanana Minerals, 18-10-2003 - idle 2426 Karadigudda 35A 1.822 Dolomite Prop: V.K. Navalagi, Bagalkot. 20 Years 5 M/s Shesha Sai Mineral Enterprises, Limestone/ 29-11-2003 1056000 2430 Yandigeri 96(P) 2.834 Muddapur Tq: Mudhol Dolomite 20 Years 6 M/s Udaya Minerals Limestone/ 20-10-2002 - idle 2411 Bandikeri 41, 42, 43etc 101.17 Tq: Mudhol Dolomite 20 Years 7 Sri. R.V. Salimath Limestone/ 27-04-2004 - idle 2444 Yandigeri 90(P), 95(P),96(P) 4.048 Lokapur Tq: Mudhol Dolomite 20 Years M/s. Jumanal Mining Co., Hadagali - idle 8 18-05-2004 Building, W.No: 10/2, Near 2452 Kagalagomba 74, 73 4.032 Quartz 20 Years Saranabasaveshwar Math, Bagalkot 9 M/s Shesha Sai Mineral Enterprises, Limestone/ 20-05-2006 - Idle 2523 Yandigeri 95(P) 4.85 Muddapur Tq: Mudhol Dolomite 20 Years

STATEMENT SHOWING THE LIST OF MINING LEASE HOLDERS IN BAGALKOT TALUK

Sl. Dt. of Grant DMF Total Name of the Lessee ML. No. Location Sy. No.s Extent Mineral Remarks No. & Period - idle M/s, Mysore Minerals Ltd. 115, 99, 114, 11-08-1995 1) 2442 Neeralkeri 61.55 Dolomite No.39, M.G. Road, Bangalore 112 20 Years Sri. S.S .Melligeri 03-07-2000 - idle 2) 2274 Shirur 274 1.619 Dolomite Extension Area, Bagalkot 20 Years M/s. Sangmeshwar Mines & Minerals, Nilay, TP No: 1687500 07-07-2003 3) 193, W.No: 10, Behind 2410 Neeralakeri 93/1,2,3 4.858 Dolomite 20 Years Sharanabasaveshwar Math, Bagalkot Sri. S.S .Melligeri 24-09-2003 2118308 4) 2422 Shirur 274 4.048 Dolomite Extension Area, Bagalkot 20 Years 116(P) 270000 Sri. S.S .Melligeri 24-09-2003 5) 2423 Neeralkeri 117(P) 4.283 Dolomite Extension Area, Bagalkot 20 Years 118(P) Sri. S.S .Melligeri 97, 98, 24-09-2003 - idle 6) 2424 Neeralkeri 4.585 Dolomite Extension Area, Bagalkot 116(P) 61(P) 20 Years M/s. Bagalkot Chemical Ind. 08-10-1998 2280000 7) 2262 C.Shellikere 61 (P) 8.09 Limestone Bagalkot 20 Years M/s, Mysore Minerals Ltd. 26-04-1999 - idle 8) 2494 C.Shellikere 59 to 63 etc 64.35 Limestone No.39, M.G. Road, Bangalore 20 Years 4.048 Limestone 28/02/2007 - idle 9) Sri. S.B. Angadi 2539 Kaladagi 128/4 & 5 20 Years Sri S.S.Melligeri, 02/06/2009 405000 10) 2606 Shirur 275,274 4.250 Dolomite Extension Area, Bagalkot 20years M/s. Shesha Sai Minerals, 154/1,2A,2B 01/07/2009 807750 11) 2607 Shirur 4.858 Dolomite At/Po: Muddapur, & 154/1/2 20years G.S.Horati Limestone 580000 03/07/2002 12) A/p Chikkashellekeri, 2360 Kalasakoppa 30 4.585 20years Tq:Bagalkot Dt: Bagalot

STATEMENT SHOWING THE LIST OF MINING LEASE HOLDERS IN BILGI TALUK

Sl. Name & Address of ML. Dt. of Grant & DMF Total Location Sy. No. Extent Mineral Remarks No. the Lessee No. Period 1 Sri H.B.B.Patil 26-01-1997 2302 Chikkalagundi 277(P) 2.429 Limestone 932000 Chikkalagundi, 20 Years L.S. Hiremath, 04/02/2008 543400 2 2574 Chikkalagundi 273/1,2(P) 1.620 Limestone Ganigera Galli, Lokapur. 20Years

STATEMENT SHOWING THE LIST OF MINING LEASE HOLDERS IN HUNGUND TALUK

Sl. Name & Address of Dt. of Grant DMF Total ML. No. Location Sy. No. Extent Mineral Remarks No. the Lessee & Period M/s Doddannavar Bros Hiremagi & 06-06-2000 13116662 1 Mine owners & Exporters 2649 166 30.33 Iron ore Aiholle 20 Years Near Fort, Belgaum – 590016 M/s Doddannavar Bros Upto Hiremagi & 10694785 2 Mine owners & Exporters 2394 65,116 39.670 Iron ore 31.03.2020 Ramthal Near Fort, Belgaum – 590016 Ravi Sangappa Sirdesai GOA Anil M Kothari, 368/2,3,4, 28-06-2010 856155 3 C/O R M Bora, Ilkal, 2642 4.86 Iron Ore 369/1A,1B 20 Years Tq: Hunagund, Dist: Bagalkote. M/s Chennavir Minerals 02-08-2013 4 MPCI No1/11/55/22 2669 Gadisunkapur 36/1 3.75 Byrite 31500 20Years Venkateshwar colony Raichur

STATEMENT SHOWING THE LIST OF MINING LEASE HOLDERS IN MUDHOL TALUK

Sl. ML. Dt. of Grant Total DMF Name of the Lessee Location Sy. No Extent Mineral Remarks No. No. & Period Sri. B.C. Mali, - idle 30/1, 30/2, Limestone/ 17/02/2001 1) Chowdapur Village, 2297 Chowdapur 4.85 30/3, 30/4 Dolomite 20 Yrs Lokapur Post. Sri. B.C. , 03/07/2002 6072000 2) 2534 Muddapur 54,55,56& 52/1,2,3 14.57 Limestone Lokapur Village, Dt: Bagalkot 20 Yrs M/s. Malaprabha Mining Ind. 05/05/1994 - idle 3) 2480 Naganapur 34/1 1.62 Limestone Lokapur Village, Dt: Bagalkot 20 Yrs M/s. Mysore Minerals Ltd. 53, 57, 75, 110 to 07/10/1998 - idle 4) 2343 Muddapur 577.419 Limestone No.39, M.G. Road, Bangalore. 144 & Etc 20 Yrs M/s. Mysore Minerals Ltd. 1, 110, 62 to 82 & 21/11/1998 - idle 5) 2344 H.Ningapur 563.73 Limestone No.39, M.G. Road, Bangalore. Etc 20 Yrs Sri. S.M. Modi, Limestone/ 08/06/2005 1209600 6) 2610 Chawdapur 65 4.85 Lokapur Dt: Bagalkot Dolomite 20 Yrs Smt. Kasturibai 450000 M/s Shri Sharada Cement Concret 22/09/2000 7) 2285 Verchagal 75/1 & 75/2 4.85 Dolomite Works, Gadag Road, Koppal 20 Yrs Dt: Koppal Sri. V.P. Patel,C/o Bhagyalaksmhi 14/11/1996 2125930 8) 2328 Verchagal 24/1B,1B/1,29 32.37 Limestone Oil Industries, Lokapur 20 Yrs Sri. B.C. Udapudi, 31/07/2007 1680000 9) 2652 Hebbal 77,79 9.77 Limestone Lokapur Dt: Bagalkot 20 Yrs Sri. S.M. Modi, 27/04/1995 - idle 10) 2195 Hebbal 75 to 76,79 to85 70.82 Limestone Lokapur Dt: Bagalkot 20 Yrs Sri. P.H. Pujar, 2272/ Limestone/ 19/06/2000 3180000 11) Thimmapur 81,82,83,84,85,86 15.641 Bagalkot Dt: Bagalkot 2481 Dolomite 20 Yrs M/s. Devaraya Mining Co. - idle 06/11/2000 12) Muddapur Village 2288 Thimmapur 87/2 4.905 Limestone 20 Yrs Tq: Mudhol Dt: Bagalkot 13) Sri. S.S. Sarwad, 2308 Verchgal 125/2 4.86 Limestone/ 02/06/2001 - idle Maharaj Colony, Mudhol. Dolomite 20 Yrs Dt: Bagalkot 14) Sri. S.N. Hiremath 08/06/2001 - idle 2310 Chowdapur 43 4.86 Limestone Lokapur Dt: Bagalkot 20 Yrs 15) Sri. R.G. Bolisetty, 16/10/2001 - idle 2323 Lokapur 31/2A 1.80 Limestone Lokapur Dt: Bagalkot 20 Yrs

Sri. Shivaji Deogiri 2316 Limestone/ 06/09/2001 16) Shikarkhan Road, Bijapur. Muddapur 75/3 10.85 2432 Dolomite 20 Yrs 936000 Dt: Bijapur

M/s. J.K. Cem Ltd, 31200000 2343( 20/02/2002 17) Kamala Tower Khanpur- Muddapur 74 and 75 Etc 161.87 Limestone A) 20 Yrs 208001(Uttar Pradesh) Dt:Bagalkot M/s. J.K. Cem Ltd, 31200000 2344( 79, 81, 87, 88, and 20-02-2002 18) Kamala Tower Khanpur-208001 H.Ningapur 124.24 Limestone A) Etc 20 Yrs (Uttar Pradesh) Dt:Bagalkot Sri. R.K. Mathad, 03/07/2002 3060000 19) 2357 Naganapur 30/1A, 86/1A2 4.202 Limestone Lokapur Dt: Bagalkot 20 Yrs Sri. H.G. Sripad, 5205744 03/07/2002 20) Paramila Nilaya, Vidyagiri, 2358 Naganapur 34/2A 2.429 Limestone 20 Yrs Mahantesh Road, Bagalkot Sri. S.L.Udapudi, - idle 03/07/2002 21) Lokapur, Tq:Mudho, 2359 Lokapur 116/3B 1.194 Limestone 20 Yrs Dist: Bagalkot M/s. Sesha Sai Mining Co. C/s. 2136000 Limestone/ 20/11/2002 22) Sangameshwar Vastra Bhandar, 2380 Thimmapur 32, 33 &34(P) 4.858 Dolomite 20 Yrs Ghandi Circle, Mudhol Sri. C.G. Raikar, 4051210 13/03/2002 23) C/o. Vijaylaxmi Jiwellars 2390 Lokapur 121 4.858 Limestone 20 Yrs Bagalkot Dt: Bagalkot M/s. Lime Chem Ind. 18, 19, 40 to 13/11/2001 - idle 24) 2329 Antapur 38.44 Limestone Lokapur Dt: Bagalkot 45,52,53 and Etc 20 Yrs Sri. G.B. Hugar, Limestone/ 23/05/2003 878000 25) 2400 Naganapur 27/2 3.127 Near Jaineshwarmath Dolomite 20 Yrs Lokapur Dt: Bagalkot

677860 Sri. V.R. Patil, Limestone/ 23/05/2003 26 Naganapur Village, Lokapur Post, 2401 Naganapur 76/4 2.389 Dolomite 20 Yrs Dt: Bagalkot Sri. S.R. Mathad, 3415200 Limestone/ 06/02/2003 27) S/o. Sri R.K. Mathad, 2405 Lokapur 22(P) 3.694 Dolomite 20 Yrs Lokapur Dt: Bagalkot Sri. V.R.B. Patil, 1380000 Limestone/ 25/06/2003 28) Village, Lokapur Post, 2407 Lokapur 115/1, 116/1, 130/3 4.931 Dolomite 20 Yrs Lokapur Dt: Bagalkot Sri. H.G. Sripad, - idle Limestone/ 24/06/2003 29) Parimala Nilay, Vidyagiri, 2406 Hebbal 133, 134 4.200 Dolomite 20 Yrs Dt: Bagalkot Smt. R.M. Virkatmath, Limestone/ 29/09/2003 1276000 30) 2425 Naganapur 76/2 2.785 Lokapur Dt: Bagalkot Dolomite 20 Yrs M/s. K.K. Minerals & Chemicals - idle Limestone/ 06/05/2004 31) Prop: K.K. Mathad, Shivaji Chowk, 2448 Chawdapur 16 & 17(P) 4.048 Dolomite 20 Yrs Mudhol Dt: Bagalkot Sri. L.G. Koppad Limestone/ 06/05/2004 - idle 32) 2449 Chawdapur 17 4.04 Lokapur Dt: Bagalkot Dolomite 20 Yrs Sri. S.B. Limestone/ 26/08/2004 - idle 33) 2458 Kanasageri 152/P 4.463 Lokapur Dt: Bagalkot Dolomite 20 Yrs Sri. K.G. Bolisetty, Lokapur 01/01/2005 3216000 34) 2476 Lokapur 22(P) 2.854 Limestone Dt: Bagalkot 20 Yrs M/s. Navodaya Minerals, 900000 13 Halki & 139, Limestone/ 18/12/2004 35) High School Ground, 2474 H.Ningapur 4.858 140, 141Ningapur Dolomite 20 Yrs Lokapur Dt: Bagalkot Sri. G.K. Katti, Limestone/ 11/04/1998 - idle 36) 2465 Petlur 13, 24, 25 8.09 Mudhol Dt: Bagalkot Dolomite 20 Yrs M/s. Lokapur Mineral Ind. Limestone/ 29/04/2005 - idle 37) 2486 Lokapur 30/1, 30/2 3.644 Lokapur Dt: Bagalkot Dolomite 20 Yrs Sri. K.H. Sabarad Limestone/ 01/07/2005 3036000 38) 2493 Hebbal 118/2,3,4 4.858 APMC Yard, Mudhol Dolomite 20 Yrs Dt: Bagalkot 39) Sri. S.A. Patil - idle 25/01/2006 Kanasageri Village, Dt: Bagalkot 2507 63 4.858 Limestone 20 Yrs

Sri. N.V. Patil 25/01/2006 - idle 40) 2508 Timmapur 63 2.429 Limestone Kanasageri Village Dt: Bagalkot 20 Yrs Sri. K. Kashivisanathan - idle Limestone/ 20/02/2006 41) Muddapur Village, 2513 Muddapur 103 4.121 Dolomite 20 Yrs Tq: Mudhol Dt: Bagalkot Sri. S.H. Deshapande, Limestone/ 16/10/2006 109125 42) 2529 P.mane 131/3 3.251 Subhashchandra Nagar, Lokapur Dolomite 20Years Sri. L.S. Hiremath, 04/02/2008 1819800 43) 2575 Lokapur 21/2 4.050 Limestone Ganigeragalli, Lokapur 20Years M/s. Anantaraj Minerals, - idle 44) Lokapur Tq:Mudhol, 2577 Halki 13(P) 3.239 Limestone 03-03-2008 Dist: Bagalkote. 20year Veerendra R. Mathad 1948800 160/1, 160/2B, 45) Lokapur Tq:Mudhol, 2589 Muddapur 4.858 L.S /Dol. 23/12/2008 160/3A Dist: Bagalkote. 20year Smt. G.A. Patil 3023640 46) Lokapur Tq:Mudhol, 2590 Lokapur 115/3, 116/3A 3.43 Limestone 01/01/2009 Dist: Bagalkote. 20 Years M/s. South West Mining Ltd 4452009 47) Lokapur Tq:Mudhol, 2602 Muddapur 164, 166, 168 18.84 Limestone 21/05/2009 Dist: Bagalkote. 20 Years Sri. A.B. Anagola 4668024 48) Lokapur Tq:Mudhol, 2609 Naganapur 37, 38 4.86 Limestone 10/07/2009 Dist: Bagalkote. 20 Years Sri. A M Patil 24-03-2010 - idle 49) Lokapur Tq:Mudhol, 2627 Lokapur 80, 81 4.86 L.S /Dol. 20 Years Dist: Bagalkote. C A Patil 1266950 50) Lokapur Tq:Mudhol, 2628 Lokapur 163 4.86 L.S /Dol. 29-03-2010 Dist: Bagalkote. 20 Years 51) V S Patil 2645 Lokapur 75 4.534 L.S /Dol. 31-07-2010 526500 Lokapur Tq:Mudhol, 20 Years Dist: Bagalkote. B D Katti 3888000 Lokapur Tq:Mudhol, 52 Dist: Bagalkote. 2656 Lokapur 92/2,3,4 4.858 L.S /Dol. 05-01-2011 20 Years

Kotha Ramkrishna Rao - idle 53 Lokapur Tq:Mudhol, 2633 Lokapur 83 4.86 Limestone 18-05-2010 Dist: Bagalkote. 20 Years N R 1321032 54 Lokapur Tq:Mudhol, 2662 Lokapur 94 4.858 Limestone 06-06-2011 Dist: Bagalkote. 20 Years Somalingeshwar Stone powder Industries 55 2655 Lokapur 76,77 4.86 L.S /Dol. - Lokapur Tq:Mudhol, 03-01-2011 Dist: Bagalkote. 20 Years N A Patil 225000 56 Kanasageri post 2663 Thimmapur 63 2.42 Dol 24-01-2006 Tq:Mudhol,Dist: Bagalkote. 20 years Abhaykumar Sharma - idle 57 MIG II/26,KHB colony 2625 Palkimanya 112/1&2 4.47 L.S /Dol. 15-02-2010 Hospet road, Koppal 20 Years S A Patil Kanasageri post 25-01-2006 225000 58 2664 Thimmapur 63 4.85 L.S /Dol. Tq:Mudhol,Dist: Bagalkote. 20 years Ashirvad Minerals - idle 59 Lokapur 2614 Naganapur 54 4.85 L.S /Dol. 25-11-2011 Tq:Mudhol,Dist: Bagalkote. 20 years V.R Mathad 1308000 Limestone/ 60 Lokapur 2672 Muddapur 165P 4.85 26-05-2014 Dolomite Tq:Mudhol,Dist: Bagalkote. 20 years Nadhi Mining Company 520000 61 Lokapur Tq:Mudhol, 0001 Naganapur 41/4,41/2B, 41/3B 8.10 Limestone 09-01-2017 Dist: Bagalkote. 50 Years

List of Building Stone Quarries SL Lessee / Firm Name & QL No Date Of Grant Mineral Village Sy.No Extent in DMF No Address & Period acres Total

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 08-10-2009 1 K.S.Kandakur 404 B stone Narenur 104/34 2-00 5 Years 08-10-2009 2 F.Y. Nadaf 405 B stone Narenur 117/2A/3 1-20 5 Years 08-10-2009 3 Basavaraj Bomble 406 B stone Narenur 124/4B 1-00 5 Years 08-10-2009 4 S.S. Yandigeri 407 B stone Narenur 107/2 (P) 2-00 5 Years 08-03-2010 5 R.C.Kuduri 408 B stone Narenur 124/3 1-00 5 Years 05-05-2010 6 N..P.Lamani 412 B stone Narenur 118/3 2-00 5 Years 10-06-2010 7 A.S.Jigalur 413 B stone Narenur 124/5B 1-00 5 Years 12-09-2011 8 S.G.Madivalar 419 B stone Narenur 99/2 1-00 5 Years 30-07-2010 9 B.J.Narappanavar 414 B stone inamyaragoppa 81/2p 1-00 5 Years 24.01.2015 10 Hoovappa C rathod 343/423 B stone inamyaragoppa 82/2A/1 1-30 5 Years 24-09-2012 11 V.F.Dandannavar 420 B stone Kagalgomba 249 1-00 5 Years 01-03-2013 12 S R P stones 887 B stone Kotikal 20/2 4-00 5 Years 29-11-2008 13 Sushilabai R. Rathod 392 B stone 205/ 1B(P) 01-20 18000 5 Years 21-08-2009 14 R.M. Tumbaramatti 403 B stone Teggi 251/2E 01-00 5 Years 14-03-2011 15 N.R.Kulkarni 415 B stone Teggi 259/1 01-01 54000 20 Years 20-01-2012 16 B.N. Naganagawdar 339/424 B stone Teggi 259/1 (P) 2-00 72000 5 Years 334 06.04.2017 17 U.M. Khaji B stone Teggi 260/1P1 260/1P2 2-00 36000 ® 20 Years 22.03.2015 18 Jagadesh V Jakkanagoudar 430 B stone Teggi 203/1A 2-00 18000 20 Years 20-01-2007 19 R.B. Patil 340 B stone Teggi 256/1B, 256/2A 1-00 5 Years 20-01-2007 20 M.I. Yangi 342 B stone Teggi 250/(P) 1-00 9000 5 Years 22.4.2010 21 M.Y.Nalavade 409 B stone Malapur 35/4 1-00 5 Years 22.4.2010 22 S.S.Lonari 410 B stone Malapur 35/7 1-00 5 Years 22.4.2010 23 V.V.Kakareddy 411 B stone Malapur 35/6 1-00 5 Years 06.10.2012 24 V.M.Mane 421 B stone Malapur 33/4(P),33/2A(P) 1-00 6900 5 Years 21.11.2010 25 D.B. Bandiwaddar 330/416 B stone Malapur 26/1/ 1A 1-00 50000 5 Years 12.01.2015 26 Dayanand Patil 422 B stone Mudhol 136/1 3-00 5 Years 18.05.2006 27 Anand Phadnis 333/418 B stone Mudhol 119 1-00 5 Years 25.07.2015 28 M/s Prathppa Constraction 425 B stone 242/1 6-20 4618236 5 Years 01.04.2009 29 S.M. Hittinamath 402 B stone 66/2A+ 2B/1 2-00 5 Years

22.06.2016 30 G G Kokkannavara 427 B stone Chimmada 70/1/4 1-00 36000 5 Years

11.03.2016 31 V S Kaluthi 426 B stone Chimmada 69/2A/1 1-30 126000 5 Years

List of Pink Granite Quarries SL Lessee / Firm Name & Date Of Period of Type of Extent in QL No Mineral Taluk Village Sy.No No Address Grant Grant Land acres PG Hungunda 1 M/s: Gem Granites 266 17/09/1999 10 Patta Balkundi 293 49-24 2 M.D. Hosamani 399 28/11/2000 10 PG Patta Hungunda Balkundi 274/2 4.00

3 M/s: Kabini Minerals (P) Ltd., 441 22/05/2001 10 PG Patta Hungunda Balkundi 294 07-28

4 M/s: Kabini Minerals (P) Ltd., 442 22/05/2001 10 PG Patta Hungunda Balkundi 294 8-30

5 M.D. Hosamani 523 18/06/2002 10 PG Patta Hungunda Balkundi 250/2A 0-20

6 N.K. Shashidhar 574 24/02/2003 10 PG Patta Hungunda Balkundi 287/1 3-24

7 Devananda. S. Kasappanavar 711 15/06/2005 10 PG Patta Hungunda Balkundi 273/1A 3.00

8 M.D. Hosamani 716 23/08/2002 20 PG Patta Hungunda Balkundi 250/ 1A 1-12

9 M.D. Hosamani 717 05/01/2003 10 PG Patta Hungunda Balkundi 249/1 0-20

10 M.S.Jadhav 718 01/07/2005 10 PG Patta Hungunda Balkundi 234 1.00

11 R.M. Bora 790 23/07/2007 10 PG Patta Hungunda Balkundi 280 11-09 296/1 12 M/s: M.M.L. 823 09/04/2005 10 PG Patta Hungunda Balkundi 40.00 B/1 13 Aravind B Manglore 900 25/01/2014 10 PG Patta Hungunda Balkundi 279/6 2-20

14 Gangappa J badiger 901 07/02/2014 10 PG Patta Hungunda Balkundi 264/4 2-20 15 V M Shetter 905 07/02/2014 10 PG Patta Hungunda Balkundi 34 2-08 OS No 16 Hanumantappa lamani 16/04/1997 PG Patta Hungunda Balkundi 296/1B/3 4.00 161/96 17 D.S. Hoolageri 275 29/09/1999 10 PG Patta Hungunda H. Kodagali 100/6 03-04 7, 8, 2/B 18 M/s: Gomatesh Granites 302 03/02/2000 10 PG Patta Hungunda H. Kodagali 19-16 91 19 Smt. Hanamavva S. Kuri 654 18/05/2004 10 PG Patta Hungunda H. Kodagali 94/1A/3 1-12

20 M/s: Gomatesh Granite 814 24/01/2002 20 PG Patta Hungunda H. Kodagali 91 14.00

21 S N Patil 869 13/02/2012 10 PG Patta Hungunda H. Kodagali 94/1B/3 1-20

22 Dhananjay 889 16/05/2013 10 PG Patta Hungunda H. Kodagali 149/1 5.00

23 M/s: Gomatesh Granites 357 01/08/2000 10 PG Patta Hungunda Hanumanal ½ 02-20

24 Y.S. Hoolageri 224R1 16/11/1998 20 PG Patta Hungunda Hanumanal 2/3B/ST 2-20

25 S.Y. Bandi 783 17/01/2007 10 PG Patta Hungunda S.B. Gudur 1 1-20

9. PROCESS OF DEPOSITION OF SEDIMENTS IN THE RIVERS & BANKS

Process- Rivers have a lot of energy and because they have energy, they do stuff. The obvious things rivers do with their energy is flow but, besides this, they also transport load, erode load and erode the channel through which they flow. Erosion is the breaking down of material by an agent. In the case of a river, the agent is water. The water can erode the river’s channel and the river’s load. A river’s load is bits of eroded material, generally rocks, which the river transports until it deposits its load. A river’s channel is eroded laterally and vertically making the channel wider and deeper. The intensity of lateral and vertical erosion is dictated by the stage in the river’s course, discussed in more detail here but essentially, in the upper stage of the river’s course (close to the source of the river) there is little horizontal erosion and lots of vertical erosion. In the middle and lower stages vertical erosion is reduced and more horizontal erosion takes place.

There are several different ways that a river erodes its bed and banks. The first is hydraulic action, where the force of the water removes rock particles from the bed and banks. This type of erosion is strongest at rapids and waterfalls where the water has a high velocity. The next type of erosion is corrosion. This is where the river’s load acts almost like sandpaper, removing pieces of rock as the load rubs against the bed & banks. This sort of erosion is strongest when the river is transporting large chunks of rock or after heavy rainfall when the river’s flow is turbulent. Corrosion is a special type of erosion that only affects certain types of rocks. Water, being ever so slightly acidic, will react with certain rocks and dissolve them. Corrosion is highly effective if the rock type of the channel is chalk or limestone (anything containing calcium carbonate) otherwise, it doesn’t have much of an effect.

Cavitations is an interesting method of erosion. Air bubbles trapped in the water get compressed into 26 small spaces like cracks in the river’s banks. These bubbles eventually implode creating a small shockwave that weakens the rocks. The shockwaves are very weak but over time the rock will be weakened to the point at which it falls apart. The final type of erosion is attrition.

Attrition is a way of eroding the river’s load, not the bed and banks. Attrition is where pieces of rock in the river’s load knock together, breaking chunks of rock off of one another and gradually rounding and shrinking the load. Transportation When a river erodes the eroded material becomes the river’s load and the river will then transport this load through its course until it deposits the load. There are a few different ways that a river will transport load depending on how much energy the river has and how big the load is. The largest of particles such as boulders are transported by traction. These particles are rolled along the bed of the river, eroding the bed and the particles in the process, because the river doesn’t have enough energy to move these large particles in any other way. Slightly smaller particles, such as pebbles and gravel, are transported by salvation. This is where the load bounces along the bed of the river because the river has enough energy to lift the particles off the bed but the particles are too heavy to travel by suspension. Fine particles like clay and silt are transported in suspension; they are suspended in the water. Most of a river’s load is transported by suspension. Solution is a special method of transportation. This is where particles are dissolved into the water so only rocks that are soluble, such as limestone or chalk, can be transported in solution. Capacity & Competence Rivers can only carry so many loads depending on their energy. The maximum volume of load that a river can carry at a specific point in its course is called the river’s capacity. The biggest sized particle that a river could carry at a specific point is called the river’s competence. Deposition To transport load a river needs to have energy so when a river loses energy it is forced to deposit its load. There’s several reasons why a river could lose energy. If the river’s discharge is reduced then the river will lose energy because it isn’t flowing as quickly anymore. This could happen because of a lack of precipitation or an increase in evaporation. Increased human use (abstraction) of a river could also reduce its discharge forcing it deposit its load. If the gradient of the river’s course flattens out, the river will deposit its load because it will be travelling a lot slower. When a river meets the sea a river will deposit its load because the gradient is generally reduced at sea level and the sea will absorb a lot of energy. As rivers get nearer to their mouths they flow in increasingly wide, gentle sided valleys. The channel increases in size to hold the extra water which the river has to receive from its tributaries. As the river gets bigger it can carry larger amounts of material. This material will be small in size, as larger rocks will have broken up on their way from the mountains. Much of the material will be carried in suspension and will erode the river banks by abrasion.

When rivers flow over flatter land, they develop large bends called meanders. As a river goes around a bend most of the water is pushed towards the outside causing increased erosion. The river is now eroding sideways into its banks rather than downwards into its bed, a process called lateral erosion. On the inside of the bend, in 27 contrast, there is much less water. The river will therefore be shallow and slow-flowing. It cannot carry as much material and so sand and shingle will be deposited. This is called a point bar or slip off slope Due to erosion on the outside of a bend and deposition on the inside, the shape of a meander will change over a period of time. Notice how erosion narrows the neck of the land within the meander. In time, and usually during a flood, the river will cut right through the neck. The river will then take the new, shorter route. The fastest current, called the thalweg, will now tend to be in the centre of the river, and so deposition is likely to occur in gentler water next to the banks. Eventually deposition will block off the old meander to leave an oxbow lake. The oxbow lake will slowly dry up , only refilling after heavy rain or during a flood. Streams lose velocity and make deposits when their gradient decreases, when the volume of water decreases, when there is an increase in cross section, when they encounter obstructions, or when they enter still water. They deposit alluvial fans, alluvial cones, piedmont alluvial plains, channel fill, bars, flood plains and deltas.

Pink Granite Quarries:

Igneous rocks are formed when melted rock cools and solidifies. Melted rock may come in the form of magma, when it is found underneath the Earth's surface. It can also come in the form of lava, when it is released unto the Earth's surface during a volcanic eruption. Granite forms from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. Granite is composed mainly of quartz and feldspar with minor amounts of mica, amphiboles, and other minerals. This mineral composition usually gives granite a red, pink, gray, or white color with dark mineral grains visible throughout the rock.

Ilkal is a medium-sized town in Bagalkot district in the Indian state of Karnataka. Ilkal is also famous for its red granite stone, which is exported all over the world. . The quarries and mines nearby are excavated for the raw stone, processed and polished and marketed. The granite blocks area also directly exported to various countries.

Building stone / Sand Stone:

Igneous rocks are formed when melted rock cools and solidifies. Melted rock may come in the form of magma, when it is found underneath the Earth's surface. It can also come in the form of lava, when it is released unto the Earth's surface during a volcanic eruption. A building stone is defined as any massive, dense rock suitable for use in construction. Whether igneous, metamorphic or sedimentary, a building stone is chosen for its properties of durability, attractiveness, and economy. Basalt and Trap. The structure is medium to fine grained and compact. ...  Granite. Granites are also igneous rocks. ...  Sand stone. These are sedimentary rocks, and hence stratified. ...  Slate. ...  Laterite. ...  Marble. ...  Gneiss. ...  Quartzite .

Generally most of the building stones have high strength to resist the load coming on it, Durability, Hardness, Toughness, Specific Gravity, Porosity and Absorption, Dressing, Appearance.

MINERAL POTENTIAL FOR NON- REPLENISHABLE AREA :

Quantity for non- replenishable area could not be ascertained due to nonwillingness of land owners for excavation of minor minerals from their own lands . However, it is recommended that on receipt of request of land owner , a Sub Divisional Level Committee may visit the site quarry to ascertain the viability of mineral potential i.e. Area and mineral quantity for recommending the case to the concerned Authority for approval.

10. ECONOMIC IMPACT OF MINING:

The mining will generate direct and indirect employment during mining operations and most of the unskilled labour will be used for mining purposes and they will be paid more than minimum wages prescribed by State Govt. In general, there will be no adverse effect on human health as no blasting or handling of toxic material is involved. All the safety measures will be strictly followed to prevent occupational risk during excavation, loading and transportation. This will be a good source of revenue generation for the government as after getting the Environment Clearance, the minor concessioner will have to pay the Royalty, Price, Environment Management Fund and TCS which will enhance the revenue of the Central and State Government.