30604 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 5, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS NICARAGUA'S STATE OF EMER­ frames, to the reported tune of some $3,500 "conditions in the resettlement areas of GENCY /CONFUSION MORE OR possibly charged on his Diners Club card, southern Ethiopia have been appalling. The LESS THAN MEETS THE EYE? that the Sandinista chief was able to dis­ peasants have lacked food, housing, tools, cover the little drafting oversight which un­ seeds, and medical facilities." HON. WM. S. BROOMFIELD intentionally suspended an accused's rights Just last week, the Associated Press re­ OF MICHIGAN to a jury, counsel, and protection from self- ported that trucks from a British relief IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES incrimination, et cetera. I suppose propo­ agency, Save the Children Fund, were com­ nents of this hypothesis will blame Contra Tuesday, November 5, 1985 mandeered by the Ethiopian local authori­ activities for the apparent low state of rev­ ties. These trucks were used along with Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, I was olutionary optometry in Nicaragua which others to take about 600 people from the gratified to see press reports on October 31, caused Mr. Ortega to miss the relevant feeding camp in Ko rem to transit points indicating that the Sandinista regime in little nuance in the original decree. south. Rumors of the impending resettle­ Nicaragua restored a few of the fundamen­ Whatever the real explanation, I suppose ment prompted most of Korem's 20,000 tal civil rights it suspended in its sweeping we should be grateful for any improvement residents to flee into the surrounding state-of-emergency announcement on Octo­ in the desperately bad human rights situa­ mountains. Nonetheless, the Ethiopian ber 15, 1985. According to those reports, the tion in Nicaragua, however insubstantial it Marxist Government continues to describe rights to a jury, counsel, and protection might be in practice. the resettlement program as voluntary. And from self-incrimination were restored, as it intends to find close to 1.5 million volun­ well as a limited right to habeas corpus, 100,000 DEAD IN ETHIOPIA teers over the next several months. not including those charged under the There is a scourge of death in Ethiopia, broad and frequently invoked categories of perpetrated by the regime of Chairman national security and public order. HON. TOBY ROTH Mengistu Haile Mariam. Because of the Naturally I would like to think that this OF WISCONSIN ramification his work has for us in this laudable action, taken by the legislative as­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Congress, I am reprinting below Jason sembly, which regrettably ratified all of the Clay's entire testimony. other suspensions of basic civil rights at Tuesday, November 5, 1985 the same time, was a response to the intro­ Mr. ROTH. Mr. Speaker, up to 100,000 PREPARED STATEMENT OF DR. JASON W. CLAY, duction of House Concurrent Resolution Ethiopians have died this year as a result DIRECTOR OF RESEARCH, BEFORE THE SUB­ 222 by Mr. y ATRON, Mr. LAGOMARSINO, Mr. of Ethiopia's Forced Resettlement Pro­ COMMITTEES ON AFRICA AND HUMAN RIGHTS, MURTHA, and myself 2 days before. That gram. According to evidence provided by a COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS My name is Jason Clay. I am a Doctor of legislation condemns the egregious suspen­ Harvard University research group, inter­ Social Anthropology representing Cultural sion of Nicaraguans' rights and the increas­ national relief agencies, and Western Gov­ Survival, Inc., a non-profit, human rights ing official repression of the Catholic ernment sources in Addis Ababa, thousands organization located in Cambridge, Massa­ Church by the Sandinistas. Many of us be­ of men, women, and children have died in chusetts. Cultural Survival's activities-as­ lieve that the Sandinistas' public relations transit to so-called resettlement camps. sistance projects, research and publica­ representatives in the United States closely Tens of thousands more have died from tions-address both the urgent and chronic follow U.S. public and congressional opin­ malaria contracted in the camps. problems confronting indigenous peoples ion, to include monitoring the CONGRES· The Sunday Times of London reports throughout the world. Five years ago, as Director of Research at SIONAL RECORD, and I feel certain the San­ that relief agencies refuse to publish evi­ Cultural Survival, I began to systematically dinistas were aware of House Concurrent dence of the deaths "because they fear that interview refugees from Ethiopia about the Resolution 222 soon after its introduction. Ethiopia's Marxist Government will expel persecution and discrimination that caused Of course, the Sandinistas have denied them and that such horrific news may dry them to flee the country. Cultural Surviv­ that the very limited restoration of a few up donations from the West." al's intent was to document the human suspended rights was in any way a conces­ Cultural Survival, Inc., a research group rights violations that were occurring in sion to widespread criticism of the state-of. associated with Harvard University, will areas of Ethiopia where outsiders were not emergency decree. Instead, the official San­ soon publish the results of its interviews allowed free access. Restrictions on the movements of diplomats, journalists and dinista explanation is that the reinstated with 250 Ethiopian refugees who have es­ relief workers as well as the presence of gov- rights to a jury, counsel, and so forth, were caped from the resettlement camps. Jason . ernment officials or official translators has accidentally suspended due to what they Clay, director of research at Cultural Sur­ made it difficult to find out what is happen­ described as a "technical error" in the vival, Inc., recently gave members of the ing in these areas. state-of-emergency decree. Frankly, it Foreign Affairs Africa and Human Rights Since 1980, our interviews with refugees would seem a little difficult for even the Subcommittees a preview of his findings. It from each of the major ethnic groups in most gullible to accept that anyone could is the most scientifically conducted re­ Ethiopia indicate that the present govern­ inadvertently suspend the right to trial by search done by any government or private ment is attempting to systematically de­ stroy the culturally distinct groups within jury, for example. But, perhaps under the agency into the causes of the present the country. This systematic destruction ap­ Sandinista regime practically no one no­ famine. pears to be based on the goal of creating a ticed because of the marginal difference be­ Jason Clay's findings are corroborated by strong central state upon which each com­ tween being tossed in the slammer for so­ the State Department and AID in their munity is dependent. By confiscating land, called counterrevolutionary crimes by one report to Congress on Ethiopia last month. moving dissident peoples from their own Sandinista judge or by 12 Sandinista The French organization, Medicins Sans areas onto the land or even into the villages jurors. Frontieres, has described the resettlement of others and imposing, under the guise of Another hypothetical explanation is sug­ compaign, alleging that "thousands of state socialism, local organizations which destroy the ability of communities to gested by some, presumably more favorably people were forced to move by Ethiopian remain self-sufficient in food production, disposed toward Sandinista rule. That militiamen. They were herded like cattle the government is attempting to achieve theory suggested that it was not until El into trucks and buses at feeding centers their goal. As we have seen in the past year, Presidente Daniel Ortega had acquired a and villages in the north." A secret report even though the state has succeeded in premium pair of eyeglasses, with designer by the League of the Red Cross shows that making these communities dependent by re-

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member of the Senate on the floor. Boldface type indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. November 5, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30605 ducing their productive capacity, it cannot populations still in Ethiopia. Independent equipment and food from their farm within provide food for them. This is the context sources, however, have increasingly corrobo­ the past 3 years. within which Western humanitarian assist­ rated our data. Clearly, there is a need for Everyone from the contested areas indi­ ance is being used. reliable, systematically collected informa­ cated that the army attacked during periods The Ethiopian government's public state­ tion from inside Ethiopia which is independ­ of planting and harvesting. They said that ments indicate that regional variation in its ent of the government. Our data, because it this was done to reduce agricultural produc­ policies results from the different adminis­ draws into question the political purposes of tion and make the areas more dependent on trative units' relative autonomy. Our re­ many government famine programs, indi­ the central government. Delays in planting, search suggests, however, that while there cates that the collection of such informa­ for example, do not allow farmers to take is considerable difference in government tion would be a responsible course of action advantage of early rains, a critical factor policies, these differences result from the for any government or organization consid­ when rains end early as they did in 1983 and central government's assessment of which ering further famine or development assist­ 1984. Delays in planting also allow both policies are necessary to fundamentally un­ ance in the area. weeds Cstriga> and insects Carmyworms> to dermine the cohesion of the different cul­ With regard to the first question before become established in fields before crops tures in Ethiopia's many provinces. Since the subcommittees, "Is the Government of have been sprouted. Some 90 percent of the nineteenth century, the Amhara ethnic Ethiopia engaging in a policy of deliberate those who first fled to Sudan reported that group has dominated Ethiopia's govern­ starvation of its own people, particularly in armyworms were the major cause of famine. ments. Representation in high government dissident regions of the country?" The According to agricultural experts in the positions by non-Amharas was reduced even answer is complicated, but unequivocably further after the present government came United States, the parasitic weed striga, to power. The reduced representation by yes. Government representatives carrying which attacks the roots of crops, can cause non-Amhara in future government decisions out several different policies have destroyed crop losses of up to 90 percent. In many was further ensured by Ethiopia's new food supplies, disrupted normal commerce cases the farmers would not even be aware workers party which contains an even small­ which would have allowed individuals to ac­ of its existence. In the course of the inter­ er proportion of people from other ethnic quire food, prevented people from reaching view, they also indicated that army attacks groups. food, withheld food from those in need, had delayed planting in their villages. The government's policy to create commu­ forcibly relocated people well away from Twenty percent of those from contested nities dependent upon the state has exacer­ their own ample food supplies, forcibly areas indicated that civilians in their village bated the present famine in the northern cleared areas of indigenous occupants to had been killed by the Ethiopian army in administrative regions. Even though rainfall make room for settlers, and imposed crush­ the past three years. and agricultural production in 1984 were ing tax and contribution levels on peasant Most interviewees indicated that the fa­ high in the southwest-a region overwhelm­ producers which force them to sell their vorite bombing targets were collections of ingly dominated by the Oromo, the largest food and productive assets such as oxen or civilians-schools, churches, weddings, fu­ group in Ethiopia accounting for more than even seed for the next year. nerals and markets. The purpose of the at­ half of the country's population-as a result The present government is centralizing tacks, they said, was to demoralize the pop­ of the government's resettlement policies, state authority to an extent that was not ulation and disrupt commerce. Many indi­ famine spread to this area. The government even projected under previous Amhara­ viduals, for example, reported that they had has diverted many Western, famine relief dominated governments. Peasant producers lived through far worse droughts without programs to help ensure a socially and eco­ in the southwest, for example, insist that suffering, but now they cannot even travel nomically dependent Ethiopia. they now pay more to the Amhara-dominat­ from town to town to trade because most My testimony today is based on informa­ ed central government than they ever did to markets must be held at night. landlords and tax collectors combined in the tion collected in the Sudan by Cultural Sur­ past. In addition, by allowing local peasant GOVERNMENT-HELD AREAS OF WALLO AND vival in February and March 1985. The ob­ TIGRAY jectives of this research were to investigate associations to rid dissidents by volunteer­ the causes of famine in Ethiopia by inter­ ing them for resettlement, resettling them Peasant associations are required to viewing those directly affected. This re­ on lands belonging to homogeneous cultural "nominate" their quota for resettlement search was undertaken by three people­ groups and then promising them positions before they are given relief grain to be dis­ myself, anthropologist Bonnie K. Holcomb in the local militia and using 15 percent to tributed to their remaining members. For and Swiss journalist Peter Niggli. Each of us infiltrate communities in the south and example, 75 percent of those interviewed interviewed Ethiopian refugees in Sudan. I southwest, the government is establishing a who had resettled from Wallo indicated talked with refugees from contested areas of dependent, but loyal, local leadership which that they had been told by their peasant as­ Tigray. Peter Niggli spoke with people from will keep most people in the country under sociation to go to nearby government cen­ Tigray and Wallo who had been forcibly re­ surveillance. ters to get food rations. Instead they were settled in the Asosa region and later escaped I will present only a few of the findings of arrested and taken for resettlement. to Sudan. 1 Bonnie Holcomb also interviewed our research. The full report will be avail­ Those identified by their peasant associa­ escapees from the resettlement sites as well able at the end of the month. In order to tions for resettlement often included young as local residents who had been displaced or demonstrate how government policies vary men who were thought to be potential forced to leave the area due to the taking of from area to area I will present our findings TPLF recruits, or individuals who were sus­ their land and the financial hardships they in four sections-the contested areas of pected or out of favor with local officials. faced as a result of the resettlement pro­ Tigray, the government-held areas of Tigray Moslem areas of Wallo also appear to have gram. Nearly 250 interviews were conducted and Wallo, the resettlement program, and had more people taken for resettlement. in person or with independently hired trans­ those in southwestern Ethiopia displaced by Many from Wallo indicated that produc­ lators. Interviews were conducted privately the resettlement program. tion from their land can be high but erratic; many years it yields very little. In the past away from Sudanese officials or representa­ THE CONTESTED AREAS OF TIGRAY tives of the various liberation fronts. People farmers always saved grain from the good People from contested or TPLF areas did not be­ basis of a mathematically calculated was poor. Now, the government takes all lieve that they could safely go to govern­ surplus production so there is famine. random sample at each location. ment feeding centers and receive food with­ The results of this research are important out being resettled. THE RESETTLEMENT PROGRAM for two reasons. First, it is the most scientif­ Some people from these same areas indi­ The death rates reported for the resettle­ ically conducted research on the largest cated that they were denied food at govern­ ment sites ranging between 33 and 270 per sample by any government or private ment feeding centers because they did not 10,000 per day are extraordinarily high, es­ agency into the causes of the present have the required peasant association or pecially considering few children or old famine. Second, it challenges assumptions kebele identification cards. people are in these sites. on which most humanitarian assistance Seventy-seven percent of the famine vic­ Contrary to government reports, none of from the West has been based. tims interviewed in Sudan who came from those we interviewed voluntarily resettled. While the information collected from contested areas of Tigray indicated that in They all claim to have been "captured" for these refugees, I have no doubt, is reliable, 1982, 1983 and 1984, the Army burned the program. They were guarded through­ it is not clear how representative it is for houses in their village as well as crops out the move as well as in the new sites. Ten standing in the field, piled ready for thresh­ percent reported seeing people killed who •Many of Peter Niggli's interviews are reprinted ing or stored in granaries or houses. tried to escape. in German in his report, Athiopien: Deportationen Twenty-five percent of those interviewed More than 86 percent said that they had und Zwabgsarbeltslager, Frankfurt, May 1985, 80 indicated that the army had stolen their been forcibly separated from some or all of pages. oxen , their farm their family. 30606 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 5, 1985 As many as 20 percent of the people taken fenseless to protect their crops from wild afford. It helps his business and it helps the from the same villages died before they ar­ pigs and primates. phone company's business. rived at the resettlement camps. Relatives More than 40 percent of those in Yabuus But it's not right to make senior citizens who attempted to bring food to those in reported that high taxes and "voluntary" holding camps before their trip to the contributions force farmers to sell oxen or and small corner grocery store owners sub­ southwest were denied entry to the camps even seed and reduce their productivity. sidize John's new high-technology service. and even beaten. Nearly 15 percent reported that their oxen That's why I'm introducing a bill which More than 60 percent of those resettled were forcibly taken by the state as part of will make sure that all the parties-John, from Tigray reported that they had been collectivization programs or for those reset­ the phone company, the senior citizen, and imprisoned at least once during the resettle­ tled in the area. the grocer-come out ahead. ment process. More than a third reported that all their Here's how my bill-which I'm calling Some 60 percent of those interviewed re­ production, even seed, had been taken by the Telephone Ratepayer Protection and ported that they saw people die en route to the government in taxes. the resettlement sites. More than 95 percent reported that the Technology Promotion Act-works. Those resettled were given one or two four to five days per week of work required State utility commissions will be given small rolls of bread per day. They were also on communal peasant association plots the authority to allow local Bell operating given very little water. The lack of bread during key periods left them little time to companies to provide new information and water, people suspected, was to weaken work on their own plots. Contrary to the services and to manufacture telecommuni· them so they would offer little resistance government's stated policy, interviewees ~ations equipment. In exchange, the com­ and not attempt to escape. claimed that they never received any pay­ In the resettlement sites people were missions must first set up regulations ment for the production from communal which prevent the phone companies from given from 5 to 25 kg. of grain per month plots. They could, however, buy the grain at and expected to work 11-hour days, 6.5 days the regular market price. using any of the revenues derived from the per week. More than 86 percent of those interviewed provision of basic local phone service or More than 40 percent of those resettled indicated that their imprisonment for such other regulated services to help pay the from Tigray and Wallo reported that they crimes as missing meetings, not paying costs of these new services. had been beaten either during the resettle­ taxes, fees or contributions, refusing to Everybody wins under this bill. The el· ment or at the sites. An additional 20 per­ arrest a friend or neighbor, speaking up at derly woman pays only for what she gets­ cent reported that they only witnessed beat­ meetings, questioning the local officials' de­ ings. They reported that people were beaten basic phone service. John Weyrick pays for cisions, being Oromo, being accused of as­ what he gets-access to new technologies if they asked for more food, complained sisting the OLF about conditions, urinated without permis­ or being suspected in general keeps them that improve his business prospects. And sion or did not fulfill their work quota. from their fields. If an individual misses a the local phone company gets what it The number of militia present at the re­ peasant association meeting he is punished needs-the ability to develop new technol­ settlement sites varied from 1 per 12 colo­ by ten days in prison. If imprisonment ogies and new services so thst they can nists to 1 per 100 colonists. The ratio varied comes during the planting or weeding peri­ depending on whether the site was fenced compete in the emerging telecommunica· ods, it can seriously reduce total production. tions market. and how far the site was from the Sudan In response to the second question put to border. Militia who allowed too many colo­ No one pretends that this bill will single· me by the two sub-committees, "What is the handedly solve all of the problems that nists to escape were hung or made to work general human rights situation in Ethio­ in the fields. pia?" I think the above examples are suffi­ have arisen in the wake of the divestiture PEOPLE DISPLACED IN SOUTHWESTERN ETHIOPIA cient indicators of the human rights condi­ of AT&T. We have a long way to go to A number of distinct peoples in southwest­ tions in Ethiopia of both individuals and ensure that all Americans have access to ern Ethiopia have been deliberately dis­ groups. Internationally, there is little agree­ affordable phone service, and that all of placed by the government since it took ment about the human rights of individuals, the players in the telecommunications mar­ power. Prior to 1979, Gittan speakers were even less about those of groups. At this ketplace have the ability to compete on a displaced by the implementation of the time, Americans must seriously consider the level playing field. original land reform. They moved into the kinds of conditions they want to perpetuate I do believe, however, that this legislation Begi region where they reestablished their in Ethiopia through either famine or devel­ agricultural systems independently of the opment assistance programs funded either symbolizes what we need more of if we are central government. Between 1979 and 1982, by the American government or PVOs. The to solve those problems: Approaches that the Anuak, Dungula/Barta and Komo were Ethiopian government has made it clear promote competition in those sectors where all displaced from their traditional lands in that it is less concerned about the negative the market will bear it but provide basic southwestern Ethiopia as the government impact of its programs on specific cultural protection in those areas where it will not. sought to incorporate "uninhabited" lands groups in the country than it was with im­ In sum, this bill recognizes that the goals into its resettlement program. From 1983 to posing its rigid programs to reorganize pro­ of universal service and technological inno­ the present, the government has tightened duction and society. vation are not incompatible. We can have government tax and "voluntary" contribu­ tion programs, increased settlement in the affordable service for everyone. And we area and forced a wave of Oromo refugees INTRODUCTION OF LOCAL TELE­ can foster the technological explosion in to flee to contested areas along the border PHONE RATEPAYER PROTEC­ telecommunications. I believe that's why or into Sudan. TION ACT this bill has the support of the Consumer Half of those who fled Ethiopia to Federation of America and why I am opti­ Yabuus, indicated that the government had mistic that it will also be favorably received taken the land that they had used for gen­ HON. RON WYDEN by the local operating companies. erations. It is the land being used for the re­ OF OREGON The text of the bill follows: settlement programs, but most of it is not used now. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES H.R. 3687 Nearly three-quarters of those interviewed Tuesday, November 5, 1985 A bill to permit the Bell operating compa­ in Yabuus indicated that required attend­ nies to provide information services and to ance at peasant, women and youth associa­ Mr. WYDEN. Mr. Speaker, in the October 29, 1985 edition of the Wall Street Journal, manufacture telecommunications equip­ tion and literacy campaign meetings during ment so long as such services and manu­ key periods of agricultural labor significant­ reporter Jeanne Saddler tells the story of facturing are not subsidized with the pro­ ly reduce production. Crops are not planted John Weyrick, an Orlando, FL, small busi­ ceeds from the provision of local exchange at the appropriate time because the land is nessman who was able to obtain more telephone service or other regulated tele­ not prepared. Weeds choke crops and wild work, thanks to a new, high-technology communications services animals destroy crops. phone gadget that kept track of the tele· Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Twenty-five percent of those at Yabuus phone numbers of everyone who called indicated that serving their required time in Representatives of the United States of the militia or in roles appointed by peasant him-even when they didn't leave a mes· America in Congress assembled, association officials kept them from work­ sage. SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. ing in their fields. To me, this story was good news. I'm all This Act may be cited as the "Telephone More than 63 percent said that the dis­ for John Weyrick having access to what· Ratepayer Protection and Technology Pro­ arming of the local population left them de- ever new whizbang phone gadgetry he can motion Act of 1985". November 5, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30607 SEC. 2. AUTHORITY TO PROVIDE INFORJ\tATIOI\ I have been joined by over 100 of my col­ grossly mismanaged the program during the SERVICES St:BJECT TO STATE REGU­ first years of its life, and the success stories LATION TO PREVENT CROSS-SVBSIDl­ leagues in sending a letter to the House ZATIOK leadership to show our concern for the pas­ wrought by Superfund efforts are few. Notwithstanding any other provision of sage of a credible Superfund bill, one that But those are precisely the reasons that a law, a Bell operating company may engage strong, fully funded Superfund program incorporates minimum provisions on such must be enacted. If House members ques­ in the provision of information services or matters as citizens suits, community right­ tion whether there is a groundswell of sup­ in the manufacture in the United States of to-know, and cleanup standards. Citizens port for a Superfund that will do the job, telecommunications equipment, or both, to around the country have spoken out for a the extent permitted by regulations that- they ought to talk to their constituents. <1 > are prescribed by the State commission expended, more effective Superfund Pro­ Better yet, their constituents ought to tell in each State in which such operating com­ gram. them. pany, or any entity controlling such operat­ The Philadelphia Inquirer has joined this ing company, provides local exchange tele­ call for the strongest possible Superfund phone service or any other telecommunica­ bill. This past Saturday, the Inquirer spe­ A RETURN TO THE GOLD tions service; cifically endorsed the Superfund bill re­ STANDARD <2> prevent such operating company from ported by my Committee on Public Works using the revenues it derives from the offer­ and Transportation; as I have repeatedly HON. NEWT GINGRICH ing of local exchange telephone service or said, the Public Works version is the ap­ any other regulated telecommunications OF GEORGIA service or product to defray any costs associ­ propriate vehicle for floor action on Super­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ated with engaging in the provision of infor­ fund. I commend this editorial to my col­ mation services or the manufacture of tele­ leagues, and I urge them to support the Tuesday, November 5, 1985 communications equipment, or both; and Public Works bill when the full House Mr. GINGRICH. Mr. Speaker, at a recent <3> ensure that a reasonable portion of the takes up Superfund. The editorial follows: townhall meeting a constituent, Mr. Kent joint and common costs of plant, equipment, [From the Philadelphia Inquirer, Nov. 2, Kelly, read a statement that he had careful­ and other resources is allocated to the provi­ 1985] ly prepared. In it Mr. Kelley calls for a sion of information services or the manufac­ ture of telecommunications equipment, or GIVING SUPERFUND A CHANCE return to the gold standard. He raises some both. Last year the House of Representatives interesting points that I think would be of voted to reauthorize a strong Superfund interest to my colleagues. SEC. 3. DEFINITIO~S . program by an overwhelming margin of 323- For purposes of this Act- A PuBLIC STATEMENT OF CERTAIN HISTORICAL 33. The enormity of that bipartisan vote FACTS AND A CALL FOR RESOLUTE ACTION IN <1 > the term "Bell operating companies" was attributed generally to the fact that has the same meaning as such term has in members faced re-election and knew the THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES IN the Modification of Final Judgment entered voters at home wanted get-tough programs OUR FINANCIAL CRISIS August 24, 1982, in U.S. v. Western Electric, that would clean up hazardous wastes. Civil Action No. 82-0192 . except lation that in 1984 whizzed through the vate bank in the United States, the Farm that such term does not include any central­ House Conly to die in the Senate> has been Credit System, did on September 6th, past, ized organization for the provision of engi­ stalled by a few House members who assert admit the serious financial condition of that neering, research, and administrative serv­ that there isn't broad-based public support Bank and confess that an infusion of bil­ ices, the costs of which are shared by such for a rigorous chemical cleanup program. lions of dollars of public monies would be operating companies or their affiliates; Nothing could be further from the truth. needed in the future to avert collapse of our <2> the term "information services" has In a recent Time magazine survey, 79 per­ Nation's farm industry, and, Whereas, also, the same meaning as such term has in such cent of the Americans polled said that "not the third largest bank, the Bank of America Modification; enough" has been done to clean up toxic­ is in serious financial straits at this moment, <3> the term "telecommunications equip­ waste sites, and 64 percent said they would and, ment" has the same meaning as such term be willing to pay higher state and local Whereas the Federal Emergency Powers has in such Modification, except that such taxes to fund cleanup programs in their Act is still in force and that such powers term includes customer premises equipment communities. With each new discovery of an may be invoked in a national financial ; and abandoned toxic-waste site, contaminated crisis-which powers include provision for <4> the term "regulated communications groundwater supply, or polluted river, the the control of the citizens of this Nation in service or product" means a telecommunica­ constituency for strong cleanup regulations manners never before known in this land of tions service or product for which the rates grows. Chemical contamination is so perva­ the free, and, are subject to review and approval or disap­ sive that the health of millions of Ameri­ Whereas member banks of the privately proval by a State commission. cans already is being endangered. owned Federal Reserve System are daily SEC. -t. EFFECTIVE DATE. They hardly would be protected by the creating their own form of private money This Act shall take effect on September 1, bill that emerged from the Energy and which credit-basis money is neither legal 1986. Commerce Committee, chaired by Rep. tender nor lawful money of the United John D. Dingell CD., Mich.>. Many of the States of America, and components vital to making Superfund do Whereas this fiat money almost ruined GIVING SUPERFUND A CHANCE the job it was intended to do had been re­ this Naton in the decade following the Dec­ moved, including cleanup schedules and laration of Independence and that few HON. BOB EDGAR standards. Fortunately, a second bill that among our citizens are aware of the root OF PENNSYLVANIA contains those provisions and others was ap­ cause of our present dilemma which is that proved by the Committee on Public Works which faced our founding Fathers as they IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and Transportation, chaired by Rep. James gathered together in the Constitutional Tuesday, November 5, 1985 J. Howard CD., N.J.). Convention. President Andrew Jackson re­ Mr. EDGAR. Mr. Speaker, here we are a Members of both committees have begun minded the Congress in the eighth annual meeting in an attempt to work out an agree­ message, on December 5, 1836, of the "pur­ year after the House overwhelmingly ap­ ment on the two bills. The extent of differ­ pose of the Convention" as we quote from proved a strong Superfund bill by a vote of ences between the bills-and the strong feel­ his text: 323-33, yet we still have not reauthorized ings that exist on both sides-make observ­ "It is apparent from the whole context of Superfund. Instead we are caught up in an ers less than optimistic that a compromise the Constitution as well as the history of internal political squabble that is stalling can be reached. It will then rest with the the times which gave birth to it, that it was the drive to pass a rigorous toxic cleanup House Rules Committee to decide which the purpose of the Convention to establish program, a program that is in dire need of measures goes to a vote. a currency consisting of the precious metals. improvement in light of the Environmental The Superfund program, which officially These were adopted by a permanent rule ex­ expired at the end of September after five cluding the use of a perishable medium of Protection Agency's pathetic record of five years of existence, has not lived up to the exchange, such as of certain agricultural cleanups in 5 years. How long do the expectations of those who enacted it. No commodities recognized by the statutes of people of Pennsylvania and all Americans one in 1980 understood the magnitude of some States as tender for debts, or the still have to wait before they feel safe in their the problem, or the complexities of cleaning more pernicious expedient of paper curren­ own neighborhoods? up this witches' brew of chemicals. The EPA cy." 30608 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 5, 1985 President Jackson knew what his prede­ NEW SUPPLEMENTARY EXTRA­ For these reasons, I welcome the directness cessor, President Madison, had recorded in DITION TREATY CRITICIZED and constructive nature of the advices his notes earlier as a member of the Con­ BY FORMER NOBEL PEACE which you can give to us. vention when the "purpose of the Conven­ The advisers of the British Government, tion" was being debated on August 28, 1787: PRIZE WINNER SEAN MAC­ both in London and in Washington. are Article I. Section 10 of our Constitution. BRIDE, S.C. themselves fully conscious that Irish-Ameri­ Madison recorded in his notes of that day can influence could be a decisive factor in the sentiment of the majority as expressed HON. MARIO BIAGGI the re-unification and independence of Ire­ by the senior Statesman in the Assembly. OF NEW YORK land. Their diplomats, their foreign service Roger Sherman: "Mr. Sherman thought IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES agents. their secret service and their press this a favorable crisis for crushing paper services have a long and wide ranging expe­ money." As an astute scholar in and a Tuesday, November 5, 1985 rience of how best to exert influence teacher of History. Congressman Gingrich, Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, this past Sat­ through the American establishment and you most assuredly know of these historical press. It has become an occupational tradi­ urday, the distinguished founder of Amnes­ tion, and it would be quite a mistake to un­ facts. And as our Representative, you are ty International and former Nobel Peace also fully aware of the fact that this "pur­ derestimate either their skill or their vigi­ pose of the Convention" according to Presi­ Prize winner Sean MacBride was in Wash­ lance. While the 42 million Americans of dent Jackson as a "permanent rule" still ington to address the third annual conven­ Irish origin do represent potentially a pow­ manifests the Supreme Law of the Nation in tion of the Irish American Unity Confer­ erful force in American life, so far, they the currency of the realm and is the means ence. Sean MacBride used the occasion to have lacked the organisation, resources and of resolving our crisis today as it was then. I present his criticisms of the proposed Sup­ experience of the British services in the read now, in open assembly that specific. plementary Extradition Treaty between the United States. It is in this field that the unamended, portion of our Constitution United States and the United Kingdom of Irish American Unity Conference, and the which Mr. Sherman pressed "for crushing other Irish American organisations repre­ Great Britain and Northern Ireland. sented here, have a most important role to paper money". Article I, Section 10: As chairman of the Ad Hoc Congression­ No State shall ... make any thing but play. gold and silver coin a tender in payment of al Committee for Irish Affairs, I share the Availing of the natural public indignation debts: same concerns that Sean MacBride raised arising from the hijacking of planes and Mr. Representative, we call upon you to in his speech. Perhaps the most accurate ships, the taking of hostages, and the exert all of your best effort in re-inforcing statement he made charged that the pro­ murder of American citizens in the present this Law by providing to the States that posed supplementary treaty "will be dis­ wave of international terrorism, the British which only Congress has the power to do as Government very adroitly, urged the U.S. criminatory against Irish people." Administration to amend its existing Extra­ set forth in Section 8 of the same Article: I also had the pleasure of addressing the To coin money, and crush unlawful paper dition Treaty with Great Britain, in such a board of directors of the Irish American way as to involve the United States on the money. Use only lawful silver or gold certifi­ Unity Conference while they were in Wash­ cates which are redeemable in lawful coin side of Great Britain in the Anglo-Irish con­ per the Coinage Act of 1792. ington. I commended them and especially flict. A conflict which has been raging since And in conclusion. Congressman Gingrich, their president, James Delaney, for their Ireland was partitioned by Great Britain in we do invite your attention to a corollary of hard work against this treaty which has the year 1920. Under the cloak of wishing to helped delay it in the Senate Foreign Rela­ stamp out international terrorism, the Brit­ equal importance-of which we trust that ish administration in fact, is seeking to your careful scrutiny will yield the introduc­ tions Committee. I continue to oppose the secure the support of the United States in tion of proper legislation. treaty in its present form and have au­ Britain's claim to exercise sovereignty over Whereas the Supreme Court of the thored House Resolution 271 which calls the North-East corner of Ireland, known as United States did in that landmark decision upon the Senate Foreign Relations Com­ "Northern Ireland". of May, 1895, the Pollock vs. Farmers' Loan mittee to end their consideration of the For centuries, Britain has sought to claim & Trust case. which decision still stands to proposal. Earlier today, the Senate J udici­ sovereignty over, and to rule Ireland, a this day, in substance said that an income claim which has been steadfastly rejected tax, being a direct tax, and not according to ary Subcommittee on the Constitution held a hearing on the treaty and additional con­ by the Irish people. In the course of the the rule of apportionment, is unconstitu­ nineteenth century, as a result of British tional. null and void, and, Whereas the ad­ cerns were raised. rule, oppression and famine, the population vocates to such an income tax did seek to I urge my colleagues to carefully review of Ireland was halved. It was only in the circumvent this non-reversed decision by Sean MacBride's speech and then join as a course of this century, following upon the Constitutional Amendment, and, Whereas cosponsor of House Resolution 271. This Rising of Easter 1916, that in 1921, Britain the whole framework of our present system Supplementary Extradition Treaty is legal­ had to relinquish her military and political of income taxation "without apportionment ly, morally, and politically flawed. It is occupation of the greater part of Ireland. among the several States" is based upon However, in 1920, before relinquishing her this supposedly lawful, supposedly ratified nothing more than a blatant attempt by the British Government to overturn several occupation of Ireland, Britain partitioned Amendment, and. Whereas on June 6, 1985 Ireland into two states: one consisting of six certified evidence from the archives of the recent U.S. court decisions which recognize counties, now known as "Northern Ireland", forty-eight States was introduced a political offense exemption to extradite in and the other consisting of twenty-six coun­ into the Record of the United States Dis­ the current United States-United Kingdom ties, which form the "Republic of Ireland" trict Court, Northern District of Georgia, in Ext.-adition Treaty. This supplementary today. Case No. CR 85-215A, being the United treaty seeks to virtually eliminate the polit· The partitioning of Ireland was never States vs Terry Lyle, which brief, in excess ical offense exception and furthermore sanctioned or accepted by the people of Ire­ of 500 pages, purports to show that the land. The imposition of Partition and of the aforementioned Amendment XVI has never would be retroactive upon ratification. Mr. Speaker, the address by Sean Mac· Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1922, led to a bitter been ratified, and, Whereas this citizen have studied the saliently sig­ Bride follows: tition created an on-going insurrectionary nificant documents submitted and have ADDRESS BY MR. SEAN MACBRIDE, S.C., TO THE situation which has disrupted the whole po­ come to the opinion that this Case is worthy NATIONAL PRESS CLUB LUNCH AND DINNER, litical and economic life of the country and of most careful study-not of the proce­ NOVEMBER 2, 1985 has caused a great many casualties. Accord­ dures but of the substance of the brief-by It is a great privilege for me to have been ing to official statistics for the 1969-1983 our esteemed Representative and in turn by invited as your guest to this Annual Conven­ period, there have been over 43,000 separate the Congress itself. Mr. Repr~sentative, we tion by your President James A. Delaney. It bombing and shooting incidents, causing consider that our opinion-that Amendment enables me to keep in touch with the work over 2,500 deaths. Casualties from 1983 to XVI has never been ratified by the States­ you are doing and also to convey to you the date have been on the same scale. While no is an equally most serious matter to the gratitude of the people in Ireland for the official statistics of casualties are available prior subject and that your immediate, un­ initiative you have taken on their behalf. for the period 1920-1969, some statistics are divided attention ought to be given to both Freed of the slave mentality which was available for the years 1920-1921. In those to the end that our Nation might be pre­ caused in Ireland by centuries of oppression two years it has been clearly established served in this present crisis. To this end this and by subservience to the conquerors of that 428 Catholics were murdered, and 1,766 citizen and scores of others are willing to our island, the Irish-Americans have a much were wounded. During the same period of give our assistance and our resources. clearer perspective on Anglo-Irish relations. two years, 9,000 Catholics were driven out of November 5, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30609 their work places and 23,000 were driven Anyone with even a superficial knowledge American Cultural Institute "Eire-Ireland" from their homes. During the years 1921- of Anglo-Irish-American relations is fully . which establishes 1923 at least 4,000 Catholics had to leave aware that the struggle for the independ­ the extent to which even in the most the six county area and seek shelter as refu· ence, Sovereignty and Unity of Ireland is a minute detail of the State Department gees in the Republic. Regular refugee camps very old standing dispute between Great acted in complete subservience to the re­ had to be provided for them until they Britain and Ireland, and is in no way related quirements of the British Foreign Office. could be resettled. to present day international terrorism. when dealing with any Anglo-Irish issue. From these somewhat disjointed statistics It is self evident that the present insurrec­ Indeed, the London Government establish­ one impression can be gathered as to the tionary situation in Ireland is completely ment regard it as one of the greatest extent of the persecution of Catholics, and unrelated to the international terrorism achievements of British diplomacy, that the of the insurrectionary situation which has which has become prevalent in recent years. British Foreign Office should, always, have developed as a result in the area known as It is part of the struggle of the Irish people been in a position to impose its policies in Northern Ireland. In addition to these par­ to assert and make effective the sovereignty regard to Ireland without question through ticular statistics, it will be appreciated that of the Irish people over the whole of the the State Department. at least 30,000 people have been imprisoned, island of Ireland. The Irish people have Quite apart from the Irish aspect of the as a result of partition on one side of the overwhelmingly decided, both in 1918 and proposed Amending Treaty between Britain border or the other. Having regard to the again in 1937. that they claim jurisdiction and the United States, it is submitted that fact that the population of Northern Ire­ over Ireland and reject any claim by Britain the Treaty may form a dangerous precedent land comprises not more than one and a to interfere in Irish affairs. This was reaf­ that will facilitate the extradition of per­ half million people, it will be appreciated firmed by the Declaration unanimously sons involved in political offenses in other that the insurrectionary situation in North­ adopted by Dail Eireann on 10 May 1949. or Poland. The Amending Treaty will cer­ more destruction and more casualties than Under Irish Consitutional and Nationality tainly facilitate the extradition of persons most of the local wars that have been taking Law, every person born in Ireland, North or in regard to politically related offenses and place since World War II. South, is regarded as an Irish citizen. If, as may thus well deprive them of their most el­ In Northern Ireland, unarmed Civil appears pretty certain, the intention of the ementary and fundamental human rights. Rights demonstrators have been killed by proposed Amending Extradition Treaty is to Certainly the extradition of any Irish Re­ British Military forces, in the course of secure the extradition of Irish persons from publicans to Britain or to Northern Ireland peaceful demonstration. Unarmed republi­ the United States to Great Britain or to would have that effect. One of the reasons can suspects have been shot at sight by Brit­ Northern Ireland, it is a law which will be for including the "Political Exception" pro­ ish Forces; many sectarian and political as­ dealing nearly exclusively with Irish citizens visions in all Extradition Treaties hitherto sassinations have been carried out either di­ and therefore is of direct concern to the Re­ has been to ensure that persons would not rectly by the British Forces, or have been public of Ireland. • • • It would not seem be deprived of the right to a fair trial, or instigated by British secret service agents. unreasonable to ascertain whether the would not be extradited to a country where British appointed judges have justified the United States Government has consulted they might be tortured or summarily exe­ operation of police and military assassina­ the Government of the Republic of Ireland cuted. tion squads in Northern Ireland. As a result before entering into this proposed Amend­ A case in point was the case of Lieutenant of this situation, some Irish republicans ing Treaty, and if so. what views have been Colonel Amekrane, of the Air Force of Mo­ have sought shelter from harrassment or conveyed by the Irish Government to the rocco. In his case, after an abortive attempt from an unjust judicial system in the United Government of the United States. to overthrow the Government of Morocco, States. For some considerable time past, the nor­ Colonel Amekrane arrived in Gibraltar in None of these events were in any way con­ mally recognised standards concerning the search of political asylum; he was refused nected with the international conflicts application of the Rule of Law for criminal asylum by the British Government and was which have given rise to a number of pro­ trials, and to the criminal process have extradited to Morocco on 17 August 1972. posals to combat international terrorism. ceased to apply in Northern Ireland. Jury He was subsequently tried by C:>urt Martial It is to the credit of the United States and of its judicial system that ever since the trials have ceased to exist in political cases: and executed on 13 April 1973. His widow Eighteenth century, the United States Instead, single-judge Courts known as "Di­ and two children brought proceedings Courts have steadfastly refused to extradite plock" courts have replaced Jury trials. The against Great Britain by way of application Irishmen by reason of their political activi­ ordinary rules of evidence have been altered to the Com.mission of Human Rights of the ties in Ireland. The United States have and corroboration of the evidence of accom­ Council of Europe, claiming damages always boasted, with justice, that it was the plices in what are known as supergrass trials against the British Government for having land of freedom in which those who were has ceased to be required. Persons suspected refused him asylum and for having him ex­ politically oppressed elsewhere would re­ of political offences are often detained for tradited, then to be tried by his enemies. ceive asylum and shelter. For close on 200 two and even three years before being While the case never came to a full hearing, years at least, Irishmen charged with of­ brought to trial. The interrogation methods after preliminary hearings the Government fences arising from the insurrectionary situ­ adopted by police authorities in Northern of the United Kingdom agreed to make a ation in Ireland have never been extradited. Ireland have been criticised and condemned payment of £37 ,500 to his widow and chil­ This has also been the universal rule in by the European Commission on Human dren. every civilised country ever since the middle Rights, and described as degrading and in­ I would like to avail of this opportunity to of the last century. Many famous Irish lead­ human. Some members of the judiciary congratulate the Irish American Unity Con­ ers such as Wolfe Tone, James Stephens, have even sought publicly to Justify the kill­ ference, the Ancient Order of Hibernians, John O'Mahoney, John Mitchell, John ing of unarmed suspects by the security the Irish American Caucus, the Brehon Law Boyle O'Reilly, Thomas Francis Meagher. forces. It is submitted that in such circum­ Society, the Irish American Labor Coalition Liam Mellowes, and President Eamon de stances it would be highly improper for the and all the other organisations which have Valera benefited from the protection of the United States to extradite to Northern J.re­ collaborated together in opposing the trans­ American legal system both in regard to ex­ land any Irish person who might then be mission of this Amending Treaty to the tradition and asylum. Had the proposed submitted to inhuman or degrading treat­ floor of the Senate. This has been a good Amending Treaty been in existence, they ment, and who might also be deprived of example of how Irish-American organisa­ would all have been handed over to the the full protection of the due process of law tions can collaborate together and can col­ British for imprisonment or execution. and the rule of law applicable to criminal laborate with American Civil Rights organi­ The decisions of the Courts of the United trials. The United States might thus be sations to counteract the English-American States have been based strictly on the con­ placed in a position of condoning violation influence in the American establishment. If cepts of international law in regard to the of human rights. this Amending Treaty ever reaches the floor non-extradition of persons for political of­ Traditionally, at least for a century, the of the Senate, I hope that all the Irish fences of for politically related activities. policy of the United States State Depart­ American Organisations which are here, will The law in this matter is fully reviewed in ment has been systematically pro-British. work together to ensure that it does not re­ two recent cases of the U.S. District Courts, This has been particularly evident in the ceive the two-thirds majority of the Senate namely, the Desmond Mackin case judg­ course of the Anglo-Irish struggle ever since which would enable it to require the force ment by Naomi Reice Buchwald <80CR the beginning of the century. The Pro-Brit­ of law in the United States. MISC. l, p 54 U.S. Magistrates> and the ish and anti-Irish stance of the U.S. State By working together to defeat the British judgment of John E. Sprizzo, in the Do­ Department even up to the present day is attempts to distort the laws of extradition herty case (83 Cr. MISC 1, p 26 Cjes> United made very evident in an article published re­ in order to involve the United States in the States District Court, Southern District of cently by Mr. Sean Cronin, in the Journal Anglo Irish struggle, the Irish American or­ New York>. of Irish Studies published by the Irish ganisations have rendered a signal service to 30610 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 5, 1985 the cause of Irish nationalism. In Addition, knows what happens when the NDF objects Chile, South Korea and the Philippines. they have helped to strengthen the con­ to its independence. The NDF has closed Faced with guns, they cannot do it alone. sciousness of civil rights organisations in the five-year-old newspaper twice. Panamanian democrats need to know the United States against the tendency to The American ambassador is reported to Americans are behind them. Noriega needs minimise the effective protection of those have warned La Prensa 's editors that the to know that Americans who value democra­ who seek refuge from tyranny and oppres­ NDF wants it closed. And columnist Guiller­ cy want him out. Democracy hangs in the sion in this great Republic. mo Sanchez Borbon, Panama's most re­ balance, and where the U.S. weighs in can spected political commentator, bade fare­ tip the scale. well to his readers the other day. His photo­ PANAMA VERSUS PRENSA graph has been distributed among NDF members. he explained. Fearing for his life, STOP THE LEAKERS! HON. STEPHEN J. SOLARZ he said that he is going into hiding. Mr. Sanchez Borbon merely was being OF NEW YORK prudPnt. The last time La Prensa was HON. WM.S.BROOMFIELD IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES closed, thugs broke in and poured acid on its OF MICHIGAN Tuesday, November 5, 1985 presses and in the computers. This time, matters could be worse. For La IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. SOLARZ. Mr. Speaker, the death Prensa, and particularly Mr. Sanchez Tuesday, November 5, 1985 knell of Panamanian democracy is sound­ Borbon. have insisted adamantly on an inde­ ing. The military has removed from office pendent investigation into the murder and Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, the President Nicho)ag Ardito Barletta only decapitation of Dr. Hugo Spadafora. one of weekend papers again regaled the Ameri­ after a year in office. President Barletta General Noriega's enemies. Dr. Spadafora's can public with classified details about an began his Presidency under a cloud be­ mutilated body-his head is still missing­ alleged intelligence operation directed cause of serious allegations that he had was found two weeks ago in Costa Rica, against Colonel Qadhafi in Libya. I com­ near the border with Panama. Witnesses say been the beneficiary of electoral fraud. But that cars similar to NDF vehicles, and men mend the President for immediately order­ he was an intelligent and dedicated public dressed in military uniforms, were seen in ing a full investigation into this illegal re­ servant, and there were many who hoped the vicinity shortly before. lease of classified information. For the that he could create legitimacy by a vigor­ General Noriega should consider carefully sake of the Nation, the time to stop the ous attack on Panama's economic crisis. the consequences of muzzling La Prensa or leakers is now. By engineering a quiet coup against Presi­ harming columnist Sanchez Borbon. That According to a Sunday Washington Post dent Barletta, the Panamanian Defense would-bring upon him the condemnation of article, the administration has reportedly Force has confirmed once again that its democratic governments and human-rights authorized a covert plan designed to thwart advocates throughout the hemisphere. central objective is to retain power in its Moreover, it would elongate the shadow al­ Libyan support for terrorism. The alleged own hands rather than transfer it to the ready cast upon the NDF by the death of plan would also lure Colonel Qadhafi into hands of the people, where it belongs. Dr. Spadafora. If General Noriega and the a situation that would give his numerous The generals' intent is clearly obvious in NDF have nothing to hide, they have noth­ opponents in the Libyan military a chance its treatment of La Prensa. This independ­ ing to fear from a free press demanding an to seize power, or provide one of his United ent opposition newspaper was a beacon of independent investigation. States-backed neighbors with justification accountability in Panama. It should be no for a military response. surprise that the military has sought to ex­ CFrom the Boston Globe, Oct. 4, 19851 When the administration's reported plan tinguish that light of truth. DEMOCRACY IN PANAMA was discussed with the Senate and House Mr. Speaker, there is no question that the The dictatorship in Panama, which has Select Intelligence Committees, there was United States has significant interests with been camouflaged by a veneer of democracy, reportedly initial resistance concerning the respect to Panama, particularly with re­ is in trouble. Turmoil has erupted over a plan. spect to the Panama Canal. Yet those inter­ murder believed to have been commissioned We all know that leaking classified infor­ ests are best fulfilled in the context of a vi­ by Gen. Manuel Antonio Noriega, head of mation and details of intelligence oper­ brant and institutionalized democracy in the 15,000-man national guard. ations has unfortunately become a real art Panama. We can only hope that extraordi­ Last week Noriega forced President Nico­ form here in the Congress. When many in nary steps will be taken to repair the las Ardito Barletta to resign. The opposition the Congress disagree with an opponent's paper La Prensa is threatened with closure. damage that has occurred in recent weeks. Panamanian professionals have called a stand on an issue or when many fail to see Freeing La Prensa to renew its service to strike. eye-to-eye with an administration plan, democracy is one of those steps. In this state of peril mixed with promise, they get even by leaking sensitive informa­ Recent editorials in the Miami Herald Americans must back the forces of democra­ tion. and the Boston Globe have addressed the cy symbolized by La Prensa, and bring maxi­ All too often, our morning newspapers current situation in Panama. I included mum pressure on Noriega to end his sordid contain most of the information which the them for the benefit of my colleagues. rule. President receives in his daily intelligence This responsibility falls most heavily on briefing. Unlike foreign newspapers, Ameri­ CFrom the Miami Herald, Oct. 3, 19851 the U.S. government, which has supported PANAMA VS. 'PRENSA' the military regime. The administration can papers routinely carry sensitive infor­ Prescription for a Latin military govern­ should suspend military aid and publicly mation which has been intentionally leaked ment: First you oust the civilian president. criticize Noriega. In the long run, that is the to journalists in order to prove a point or Then you intimidate the press. If that clearest way to assure Panamanian stability. win an argument. The KGB and its sister doesn't work, then you permit street thugs The United States's main concern has intelligence services from the East bloc to attack any newspaper that dares to be in­ always been the security of the Panama must have a field day here in America. dependent. Canal. Traditionally, whichever leader of­ Their collecting efforts are simplified Gen. Manuel Antonio Noriega, head of fered "la paz social" -another way of saying thanks to the professional leakers and the Panama's National Defense Forces . "law and order"-has been the U.S. favorite. knows the formula well. He and his hench­ The administration now is cooling toward cooperative attitude of many American men have imposed or deposed five Pana­ Noriega, after a split in the officer corps journalists. mian presidents in the last three years. The provoked by the decapitation of a critic who If a Member of Congress owes anything last coup came on Friday, when General had accused Noriega of being the drug king­ to the American public, it is responsibility. Noriega demanded the resignation of Presi­ pin of Central America. The brutal killing It is extremely irresponsible to release sen­ dent Nicolas Ardito-Barletta and appointed would have been unremarkable in El Salva­ sitive information to the public for political former Vice President Eric Arturo del Valle dor or Guatemala, but has shocked Panama­ or personal gain. This obligation of respon­ to replace him. nians. sibility also pertains to congressional staff. That done, General Noriega turned to La The 700 small shareholders who formed Prensa, Panama's fiercely independent op­ La Prensa gave Panama the gift of a free Our Government spends billions of dollars position newspaper. La Prensa the key to saving countries like Panama, jeopardize sensitive and important oper- November 5, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30611 ations which are designed to serve the Na­ possible length of tonight's program, I hope she asked peppery questions at presidential tion's interest. Intentionally released intel­ I make it. news conferences. Today, of course, she'd be ligence data can also jeopardize the lives of Any talk about the emergence of women dynamite in a red dress. journalists could rightly be called: "A Histo­ The Sam Donaldson of her day, May many who are serving our Government ry of the Oppressed." But I think a more always tried to ask "dodge-proof" questions overseas. Our allies can be embarrassed appropriate choice would be: "All's Well because the presidents had, she said, such a and their intelligence services may decide that Ends Well." "lovely long list of evasions." Some things not to share data with our Government be­ Women journalists have come a long never change! FDR once asked her if she cause of our inability to keep a secret a way-from the days when we had to shout had stayed up all night thinking of an espe­ secret. questions at visiting dignitaries from the cially provocative question. She immediate­ This year, I cosponsored House Joint balcony of the National Press Club, or send ly responded, "I did." Resolution 7, which proposes that a Joint in male emissaries to read the wires because May was on the front lines in the battle we weren't allowed in the wire room. Now for the advancement of women. It was she Committee on Intelligence be created. This some of you are media stars. But we still who "won the washrooms" in the Congres­ joint committee would significantly reduce have some distance to travel. sional Press Gallery, loudly complained the number of staff and Members with rou­ Shakespeare said there are seven ages in about being excluded from the National tine access to sensitive information. Should the life of man. But I believe there are five Press Club and railed against stag gather­ the proposed bill become law, an investiga­ ages in the life of women journalists. That's ings of the White House Correspondents As­ tion into a leak of this nature would be because women have always been more effi­ sociation. "I'm a bona fide member and I more easily conducted. cient. Unfortunately, we're stalled at pay my dues," she proclaimed. I encourage the President to pursue the number four. May also fought to have the word "sex" The first was in full swing when I donned added to the list of discriminations banned investigation of this recent disclosure of hat and gloves and went to work at The by the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Although it U.S. intelligence documents. The individual Post as an editorial writer in 1939. That was wasn't taken seriously at first, the "May responsible for the disclosure should be the era when men thought they were better Craig Amendment," as it soon became identified and punished for his irresponsi­ than women. And the sad part is, a lot of known, was one of the most important ad­ bility. women thought so, too. vances for women in the past 25 years. This is the only sane way to stop this I know I did. I grew up with the sublimi­ In short, May led the advance guard of damaging outflow of sensitive intelligence nal idea that men were naturally smarter women Journalists who believed in them­ information. Tough action is needed now and more capable than women. selves and what they could accomplish, and As a result, some things that would be of­ who were willing to fight for their rights. before some shortsighted Americans give fensive and impossible today seemed less so This new breed of woman came into its away all of our secrets. then. For example, when the men went off own in the next age, the era of more mili­ to fight World War II, women were hired in tant pressure for equal rights. the newsroom with the understanding that I was a participant in this process in more A TRIBUTE TO THE NEWS they would give up their jobs when the men ways than one. I was in the curious position WOMEN OF WASHINGTON returned. of heading a company being pressured, yet Most women who were regulars on the understanding where women were coming HON. JIM WRIGHT paper were assigned to cover only parties, from as issues developed, and trying to do OF TEXAS clubs and social welfare issues-presumably something about it in our company and in because we liked children! the industry. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Such prejudice lasted a long time, inside The women journalists at Newsweek sued Tuesday, November 5, 1985 journalism and out. us for discrimination. When I heard of this In the 1970s, I remember attending a action, I said to myself and others: "Whose Mr. WRIGHT. Mr. Speaker, the National board meeting of a big company, of which I side should I be on?" Press Club recently honored the newswo­ was then a director. A man was giving a The newsweeklies were founded on the men of Washington. The event paid tribute little talk, complete with slides, describing theory that God had ordained women to be to the accomplishments of newswomen who the activities of a roomful of workers. Most researchers, and men to be writers and edi­ have been reporting from the Nation's Cap­ of them were older women, many gray­ tors. It was believed that women couldn't ital for the past 153 years. That program haired. handle the Thursday and Friday late-night was chaired by the famous reporter from He would take his pointer and say, "These deadlines, which were thought to be very my home State, Sarah McClendon. The girls are doing such and such. And these difficult. Early on, I proposed a woman for girls are doing something else." an editor's job at the magazine and was told keynote speech of the evening was deliv­ Suddenly I hear a voice say, "Women." He by the men it was "unthinkable." ered by Mrs. Katherine Graham, chairman went on and said "and these girls" again. It was hardly unthinkable. It could be of the board of the Washington Post Co. And again the voice said "Women." I then done and it was. But successful women dis­ Mrs. Graham, in her address, focused on realized it was my voice! My sensitivity had covered the price they had to pay at first the progress women have made in the news been raised a long way. often was a high one. profession and she singled out Sarah Liberation certainly hadn't yet arrived For one thing, there were so few women McClendon for her "grit" and determina­ when I returned to The Post as president in around that when another appeared on the tion to become a success in a male-domi­ 1963. In fact, I gave an interview in which I scene, the incumbent thought: "It's her or said I thought perhaps men were better me." And hard feelings sometimes arose. nated profession long before the barriers equipped to do my job than a woman was. I More important, the psychological pres­ came down. As Mrs. Graham said, "Sarah was brought up sharp by Elsie Carper, then sure of being the first woman, or among the may be a thorn in the side of the Presi­ editor of the Style section of The Post. She first, was enormous-and still is. One dents, but she is an American beauty rose sailed into my office the next day and said: woman told me: "I always get the feeling to all of us." I ask that Mrs. Graham's full "If you really believe that, then I quit." that men are still waiting for you to make a text be included in the RECORD. Fortunately, Elsie is still at The Post, so mistake. If a man doesn't succeed, people The speech follows: my beliefs obviously changed. And that say: 'He just didn't work out.' But if a brings me to the second age in the life of woman fails, the generalization is always ALL'S WELL THAT ENDS WELL women journalists, an age when we became made that a woman just couldn't do the to encourage political rivalries in China, by But I'm looking forward to the fifth age, On July 30, 1984 Radio Moscow told the its criticism of the Cultural Revolution and when women will hold real power at the top. world that a bus carrying Olympic athletes its support of better relations with the I'm tired of being the only woman CEO of in Los Angeles had come under gunfire. Soviet Union. Its release in Japan was in­ a Fortune 500 company, by choosing the When an American news service checked tended to give the Japanese a picture of a right genes-or Eugene-to begin with. I'm this report, police said that no such incident divided, volatile Chinese leadership. As soon tired of three networks with three male an­ had occurred, but that one bus may have as the document was printed, the Soviet chors and, worse, male-dominated corporate been struck by a rock or a similar object. It "news" service TASS carried word of the structures. And I'm tired of so few women is not known whether the Soviet story was a Japanese "scoop" around the world. Only being in the top news jobs at major publica­ fabrication or just a gross exaggeration. after an interval of several days did the Chi­ tions. But we do know that for Radio Moscow's nese declare the document a fake. This is not too surprising-women have world audience, this "proves" correct the The use of forgery is common. In 1981, a only been in the workforce in large numbers Soviet claim that athletes would be in State Department document dissenting for about 15 years. We haven't had much danger in Los Angeles. from U.S. policy on Central America was time to work our way to the top of the large Before the athletes arrived in Los Angeles, given to a New York Times foreign affairs organizations. But that moment cannot be some had received threatening letters columnist and was described in her column. far away. mailed to their Third World countries from The document, of dubious origin, was a for­ Come it will and when it does, I believe the Ku Klux Klan in Maryland and Virgin­ gery, and this was admitted by the colum­ women will be more than able to fulfill the ia. After a linguistic and forensic analysis by nist three weeks later. aspirations of our predecessors who fought the FBI, the letters were found to be KGB During the Falklands war, a fake Penta­ so hard to clear the path. forgeries, and this was announced by Attor­ gon press release circulated among Latin In closing, I want to pay tribute to one ney General Smith on August 7. The crude, American diplomats in Washington, carry­ woman who has fought for women journal­ racist threats were obviously intended to in­ ing the text of a statement by Secretary ists with spirit, dignity and results for timidate athletes and keep them away from Weinberger. The statement, containing Eng­ almost 35 years. the games. lish grammatical errors characteristic of I am a real admirer of the grit of Sarah These are examples of "disinformation", Slavic language speakers, delivers a series of Mcclendon. She is a woman who made it the spreading of falsehoods or half-truths blunt, undiplomatic comments which sup­ long before the barriers came down. And to support Soviet foreign policy goals. This port Britain in the war but manage to insult she made it the hard way. She wasn't is one of several means used by the Soviets both Latin America and Britain at the same handed anything, no base from which to to influence world opinion: other "active time. work. Instead she created her own-a suc­ measures" include use of front groups, Clandestine radio stations are another cessful news service, not to mention her agents of influence in Western news media, means used by the Soviets to influence for­ high-visibility at press conferences. In that forgeries, clandestine radio broadcasts and eign opinion. Without claiming Soviet spon­ unmistakable twang of hers, she kept the the like. sorship, these radio stations support Soviet backs of uncounted presidents firmly The international flow of ideas and infor­ views while pretending to represent local against the wall. mation has an indisputable impact on for­ opinion of people in Turkey, China or Iran. Sarah, we give you great credit and great eign policy and national security, because it For example, the National Voice of Iran thanks. You may have been a thorn in the affects world understanding of our na­ has broadcast to Iran since 1959 from a side of the presidents, but you are an Ameri­ tion's-and the Soviet Union's-goals and transmitter in the USSR. Speaking in the can Beauty rose to all of us here tonight. actions. It's unfortunate that this important persona of the Iranian people, it refers to Thank you. subject has received so little attention in the Soviet Union as "our friendly northern the American press. neighbor". This station consistently at­ THE SOVIET UNION'S WAR OF Nonetheless, much can be learned from tacked the Shah and his policies, and began former Soviet intelligence officers who have calling for his overthrow in the fall of 1978. IDEAS fled to freedom, and from government and When American diplomats were taken hos­ other sources. tage, the National Voice of Iran departed HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO Stanislav Levchenko, who defected from from Moscow's official policy of silence, and OF CALIFORNIA the KGB in 1979, worked in Tokyo, ostensi­ supported the taking of the hostages by IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES bly as a correspondent for the Soviet Jour­ Iran's "struggling and enthusiastic young nal New Times. He was one of five KGB people". This line was reversed after the Tuesday, November 5, 1985 personnel in Tokyo who handled a total of United States lodged a diplomatic protest in Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, Rep­ 25 Japanese "agents of influence"-Journal­ Moscow. Today, the National Voice of Iran resentative JIM COURTER, our distinguished ists, government officials or other elites who regularly rebukes Khomeini and Iranian were compromised and were willing to pro­ media for anti-Soviet statements, and con­ colleague from New Jersey, recently had vide Japanese secrets to the Soviets, spread sistently criticizes Iran's "unrealistic" oppo­ printed in the Jewish Institute for National Soviet disinformation in the Japanese gov­ sition to the Soviet war against Afghani­ Security Affairs [JINSA] newsletter, ernment, or print information, themes, or stan. August/September 1985, the following entire articles to promote Soviet goals in the These are but a few examples of the many statement on "The Soviet Union's War of Japanese press. techniques the Soviets use to sway public November 5, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30613 opinion. While most Americans are aware of he added, despite repeated efforts by urban affairs, said the tough part of the Job ideological competition, few are aware of Lyndon Johnson's presidential successors to is deciding who won't be helped. "There is this type of Soviet manipulation of Western drastically reduce the means for the "war," never enough to go around. To see 11,000 media. The result is often that people read and give up the ambitious goal of eliminat­ people come in year in, year out, for fuel as­ Sov!et opinions and disinformation while be­ ing poverty. sistance is disheartening." lieving that they are reading facts and anal­ "Nixon, Ford, Carter and Reagan have This year is t.he last year of authorization ysis by their own domestic press. been trying to put us out of business," said for the fuel assistance program. The pro­ Sullivan, "but we are still here. Nixon's glad gram exists "so that people don't face the he got his amnesty, Ford is golfing, Carter is choice of eating or heating," said Sullivan. CITIZENS FOR CITIZENS, FALL a carpenter, and Reagan will be remem­ He said any new legislation that does not RIVER, MA bered as an amiable incompetent." either eliminate the program, or substan­ In the fall of 1965, the Fall River Commu­ tially cut funding, will most likely be vetoed HON. BARNEY FRANK nity Action Program Committee approved by Reagan. OF MASSACHUSETTS the establishment of a regional community Sullivan stressed the difficulty of working action agency to serve this city, Freetown, in social services, and against the antipathy IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Somerset, Swansea and Westport. The new of the current administration to the needs Tuesday, November 5, 1985 private non-profit corporation was named of the 40 million Americans who live below Citizens for Citizens. Soon after, the Fall Mr. FRANK. Mr. Speaker, unfortunately, the poverty level, according to government River City Council endorsed CFC as its com­ statistics. He noted that individuals in this issues sometimes become unfashionable munity action agency. economic grouping are now paying $300 before we have resolved them. An example "That designation qualifies us for a grant more annually in federal taxes than prior to of this is the question of poverty. Sadly, in of $256,000 to eliminate poverty in South­ Reagan's tax reform." recent years, the level of poverty in our so­ eastern Massachusetts," said Sullivan. "And Committed to alleviating needs of the ciety has begun to increase, and the agen­ that's enough to buy everybody a hamburg­ poor, Sullivan, looking back, concludes, cies dedicated to combating poverty and er and send them home." The rest of CFC's "This country really never intended to win providing economic opportunity to all budget, for the funding of its many pro­ the War of Poverty." grams costs for 11,000 households, started last lems and bureaucratic regulations. Citizens for Citizens Inc., a remnant of week. CFC's $2.5 million housing project CFC recently entered the housing busi­ the 60s "War on Poverty," is still alive and was also in the news last week, as the first ness, with a $2.5-million project. By con­ well, and celebrating its 20th anniversary 12, of 39, townhouses were made available structing 39 condominium townhouses in this year. for purchase last week to the winners of the the Corky Row neighborhood, CFC ts not "We have a combined budget of $11 mil­ Corky Row lottery. only providing housing for moderate-income lion dollars, and 500 employees," said Mark Sullivan, who has a dei?'ee in economics, families, but is also revitalizing a historical A. Sullivan, CFC executive director, and this and master's degrees in labor studies and neighborhood. "It is the feeling of this 30614 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 5, 1985 agency as a community action agency that Just last week, a Soviet soldier sought It is apparent from your recent news the only way we can tum around the neigh­ asylum in the American Embassy in Kabul, letter that a revamping of the income tax borhood is through home ownership," said Afghanistan. In typical Soviet fashion, the system so that everyone pays their fair Sullivan. share would solve government's financial The list of CFC programs and community Embassy was bathed in spotlights all night troubles. activities goes on. long, electric power to the building was cut Sincerely yours, CFC Inc. has two spin-off corporations, off, and a young Embassy officer was ANGELA MILLER. the Citizens for Citizens Foundation and roughed up by one of the many Soviet and the Alternative Housing Corp., which were Afghani soldiers who surrounded the build­ set up for tax and liability reasons. The ing there. Again, the Soviets and their MAKING MEDICARE foundation owns all the property, such as Afghani friends have violated a long-stand­ MANAGEABLE FOR SENIORS the headquarters on Griffin Street, the ing agreement regarding the sanctity of Head Start buildings on Robeson and Que­ quechan streets, and equipment such as diplomatic premises and the treatment of foreign diplomats. HON. MARIO BIAGGI vans and computers, which it then leases to OF NEW YORK CFC Inc. While we all hope that progress can be The three CFC corporations have sepa­ made in the forthcoming talks in Geneva, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES rate boards of directors. Eugene Kosinski is we must keep in mind that agreement sign­ Tuesday, November 5, 1985 president of the CFC Inc. board of directors; ing is not the ultimate goal of our efforts Frank Sullivan is president of the founda­ to seek better relations with the Soviets. Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, on November tion board; and Steve Lopes is president of Compliance with signed agreements is the 18, I introduced legislation, H.R. 3631, to the alternative housing board. Sullivan is key consideration. Only by complying with place a 1-year freeze on out-of-pocket costs executive director of CFC Inc., and chief ex­ important agreements between our two na­ for the elderly under part A of Medicare, ecutive officer of the other two corpora­ which pays for hospitalization. The freeze tions. tions can all of us hope to make a better The 30 members of the CFC, Inc. board of and safer world for future generations. would coincide with the 3.1 percent cost-of. directors include 10 publicly-appointed Good luck, Mr. President. living adjustment for Social Security pay­ members-four from Fall River, two from ments and would prevent increased drain Taunton, and one each from Somer!;et, on out-of-pocket costs for health care. Swansea, Westport and Freetown-10 repre­ SOCIAL SECURITY NEEDS Mr. Speaker, this legislation is needed for sentatives from organizations such as the REFORM the very simple reason that without it-on Council of Churches and the NAACP, and January 1, 1986, the Medicare hospital de­ 10 representatives elected from low-income HON. CARROLL HUBBARD, JR. ductible will increase 23 percent by $92 to constituency groups. The boards of direc­ $492. The 30 million Medicare benefici­ tors of the other two corporations are small­ OF KENTUCKY er in size, but their members must be on the aries-many of whom rely on Social Secu­ parent board, said Sullivan, to ensure co­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES rity for their primary source of income­ ordinated policies. Tuesday, November 5, 1985 will only have to pay an added $13 in 1986, which will not exceed the level of their Mr. HUBBARD. Mr. Speaker, as the Social Security COLA increase. House Committee on Ways and Means con­ THE SOVIETS AND SIGNED In order to fund this freeze of the Medi­ AGREEMENTS tinues to deliberate on tax reform propos­ care deductible, H.R. 3631 would add 6 als, I want to share with my colleagues an cents to the current 16 cent cigarette excise HON. WM. S. BROOMFIELD excellent letter from one of my constitu­ tax in order to offset the $1 billion cost of ents, Angela Miller of Route 2, Hazel, KY. implementing this plan. I believe that this OF MICHIGAN Angela Miller is a 15-year-old sophomore IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES is a responsible, and relatively painless way at Murray High School and is concerned to address the financing of this bill that Tuesday, November 5, 1985 about the state of the Social Security does not direct dollars in the wrong direc­ Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, once system. She recognizes the problem of the tion. again the Soviet Union has shown its disre­ growing dependence of retirement age per­ I consider this bill a short-term, stopgap gard for signed international agreements. sons upon Social Security, and she offers measure which will give seniors a break This time, the Soviets and Afghanistans are some thought-provoking suggestions which while Congress addresses the long-term fi. playing dirty tricks on our Embassy in are worthy of consideration. nancing needs of the Medicare Program Kabul. While it is important to negotiate Angela Miller's remarks reflect a degree that will make it more responsive to the and sign accords, the ultimate goal is to of wisdom and concern far beyond her out-of-pocket costs borne by seniors in the have signatory nations respect those agree­ youthful years, and I encourage you to program. At a minimum, we should be ac­ ments. That is the bottom line. read her letter to me that follows: tively working to support efforts to ensure In clear violation of international ac­ SEPTEMBER 16, 1985. that increases in Medicare Program costs Representative CARROLL HUBBARD, cords, the Soviets downed the Korean air­ Rayburn House Of/ice Building, are directed away from those on fixed in­ liner in 1983, and took the life of Maj. Washington, DC. comes. This is particularly important when Arthur Nicholson last year. The provisions DEAR REPRESENTATIVE HUBBARD: As a we consider that since the outset of the of the Helsinki Final Act are routinely vio­ young person about to enter the labor DRG system under Medicare in 1983, hospi­ lated by the Soviets. There is deep concern market, I am concerned about the state of tal revenues have increased from $1.2 bil­ in our Government about Soviet violations Social Security. lion to over $2 billion annually. of the numerous treaties which they have I would like to suggest persons 30 years It is especially critical that we take a with the United States. These would include and above complete the Social Security pro­ close look at the new DRG system which gram. Those under 30 years of age be re­ pays hospitals a set fee for specific proce­ violations by the Soviet Union of its legal quired to pay into an I.R.A. obligations under the Biological and Toxin In this way the government will gradually dures under Medicare. In my own State of Weapons Convention of 1972. In clear vio­ eliminate their support of the masses in re­ New York, we will come under the DRG lation of the provision of SALT II, the So­ tirement. system beginning January 1986. Given the viets are encrypting telemetry from ballis­ Because of the increasing r~tirement age high per capita income of the State and the tic missiles. The U.S. Government is con­ voted by Congress, I would not be able to large percentage of seniors on fixed in­ cerned that the new SS-X-25 ICBM is a retire until age 67. I would like to provide · comes, I feel that it is critical for the 1.3 prohibited second new type of ICBM and my own retirement thereby hoping to retire million seniors in my own city of New young enough to enjoy it. I feel the retire­ that this missile is in violation of the SALT ment age should be left at 62 and the Social York to be given adequate protection II treaty. Equally serious is the Soviet vio­ Security funds returned to an account used against the ravages of health care inflation. lation of the ABM treaty with the construc­ for Social Security alone as it was before The need for this legislation to assist el­ tion of a large phased-array radar near President John F. Kennedy's administra­ derly New Yorkers in particular is critical Krasnoyarsk in central Siberia. tion. considering current and future demograph- November 5, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30615 ic trends in our city. Not only does the <1 > inpatient hospital services furnished sand, counting each 2% inches, or fraction DRG system discharge elderly patients into during a spell of illness beginning on or thereof, of the length of each as one ciga­ communities sooner-but it also places after January l, 1986, rette. poor elderly New Yorkers, on fixed in­ <2 > to extended care services furnished on (2) LIABILITY FOR TAX AND METHOD OF PAY· or after January 1, 1986, and MENT.- comes, in the unacceptable position of <3> to monthly premiums under section (A) LIABILITY FOR TAX.-A person holding having to pay increased health care costs. 1818 of the Social Security Act for months cigarettes on November 15, 1985, to which In the past decade, the number of "old old" beginning with January 1986. any tax imposed by paragraph <1 > applies elderly, age 75 to 84, rose 15 percent and SEC. 2. INCREASE IN FEDERAL EXCISE TAX ON shall be liable for such tax. the number of these over age 85 rose by 37 CIGARETTES AND APPLICATION OF CB> METHOD OF PAYMENT.-The tax im­ percent. In 1980, one out of every three INCREASE TO FEDERAL HOSPITAL IN­ posed by paragraph <1 > shall be treated as a SURANCE TRUST FUND. tax imposed under section 5701 of the Inter­ seniors in New York City lived alone. El­ (a) INCREASE IN CIGARETTE TAXES.-Section derly women outnumber elderly men living nal Revenue Code of 1954 and shall be due 5701 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 and payable on January 1, 1986, in the same alone by nearly 2 to 1. In sum, this popula­ is amended- tion is payable with respect to cigarettes re­ and least able to afford such exorbitant in­ <1 > by adding at the end of subsection Cb> moved on November 15, 1985. creases. the following new paragraph: <3> CIGARETTE.-For purposes of this sub­ Seniors continue to be caught in a catch- "(3) ADDITIONAL TAXES.-In addition to the section, the term "cigarette" shall have the rates under paragraphs <1> and <2> and sub­ meaning given to such term by subsection 22 situation. On one hand, inflation has ject to subsection Cf>- dropped so that the Social Security COLA "CA> SMALL CIGARETTES.-On cigarettes, Cb> of section 5702 of the Internal Revenue is limited. On the other hand-health care Code of 1954. weighing not more than 3 pounds per thou­ (4) EXCEPTION FOR RETAILERS.-The taxes costs continue to rise, as reflected by in­ sand, $4 per thousand. " CB> LARGE CIGARETTES.-On cigarettes, imposed by paragraph <1 > shall not apply to creased out-of-pocket costs paid by seniors. the cigarettes in retail stocks held on No­ In a study conducted by the Select Commit­ weighing more than 3 pounds per thousand, $8.40; except that, if more than 61/2 inches in vember 15, 1985, at the place where intend­ tee on Aging in July, we found that seniors length, they shall be taxable at the rate pre­ ed to be sold at retail. are now paying more in out-of-pocket costs scribed for cigarettes weighing not more (C) APPLICATION OF ADDITIONAL TAXES TO for health care than 20 years ago when than 3 pounds per thousand, counting each FEDERAL HOSPITAL INSURANCE TRUST FuND.­ Medicare was first enacted. I consider this 2% inches, or fraction thereof, of the length Section 1817 of the Social Security Act an intolerable situation and one that re­ of each as one cigarette."; and <42 U.S.C. 1395i(a)) is amended- <2> by adding at the end thereof the fol­ <1> by striking out "and" at the end of quires our immediate and direct attention. paragraph . The freeze in H.R. 3631 will not begin to lowing new subsection: " (f} COST-OF-LIVING ADJUSTMENTS IN RATE <2> by striking out the period at the end of address the related increases in Medigap OF ADDITIONAL TAX ON CIGARETTES.- paragraph <2> and inserting in lieu thereof policies that seniors will begin to receive. " (1) IN GENERAL.-In the case of cigarettes ";and", and Even with a hospital deductible less than removed during a fiscal year after fiscal <3> by inserting after paragraph <2> the the projected $492, the elderly are projected year 1986, subsection Cb)(3) shall be applied following new paragraph: to spend an average of $2,583 for health by increasing each dollar amount contained "(3) the taxes imposed by section care in 1990-nearly 19 percent of their therein by the cost-of-living adjustment for 570lC3) of the Internal Revenue Code of such fiscal year. 1954.". income. This is substantially higher than (d) EFFECTIVE DATES.- the 15 percent seniors must pay today. Pas­ "(2) COST-OF-LIVING ADJUSTMENT.-For pur­ poses of paragraph <1), the cost-of-living ad­ (1) TAX INCREASE.-The amendments made sage of H.R. 3631 will soften the blow and justment for any fiscal year is the percent­ by subsection shall apply to cigarettes return the Medicare Program to its original age Cif any> by which- removed after November 14, 1985. purposes-as a primary payor of health " CA> the CPI for the preceding fiscal year, ( 2) DEPOSIT OF INCREASE INTO TRUST care needs-not a payor of almost last exceeds FUND.-The amendments made by subsec­ resort. "CB> the CPI for fiscal year 1985. tion Cc> shall apply to taxes imposed on ciga­ For the benefit of my colleagues, I am in­ " (3) CPI FOR FISCAL YEAR.-For purposes of rettes removed after December 31, 1985. serting the text of H.R. 3631 into the paragraph <2>. the CPI for any fiscal year is the average of the Consumer Price Index as RECORD for their review. of the close of the 12-month period ending CONGRESSIONAL SALUTE TO H.R. 3631 on July 31 of such fiscal year. THE HONORABLE FRANK A bill to amend part A of title XVIII of the "(4) DEFINITIONS.-For purposes of this POMBO OF TOTOWA, NJ DIS­ Social Security Act to limit the increase in subsection- TINGUISHED CITIZEN, ES­ the inpatient hospital deductible and ex­ " CA> CONSUMER PRICE INDEX.-The term TEEMED RESTAURATEUR AND tended services coinsurance amount for 'Consumer Price Index' means the last Con­ sumer Price Index for all urban consumers GREAT AMERICAN 1986 published by the Department of Labor. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of "CB) FISCAL YEAR.-The term 'fiscal year' HON. ROBERT A. ROE Representatives of the United States of means the 1-year period ending on Septem­ America in Congress assembled, ber 30 of the calendar year to which such OF NEW JERSEY SECTION 1. MEDICARE INPATIENT HOSPITAL DE­ term relates. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES DUCTIBLE AND EXTENDED SERVICES "(5) RoUNDING.-Any increase under para­ Tuesday, November 5, 1985 COINSURANCE AMOUNT. graph <1 > shall be rounded to the nearest (a} SETTING INPATIENT HOSPITAL DEDUCTI· cent of cent, such increase shall be increased to the vember 7, residents of my congressional the Social Security Act <42 U.S.C. next highest multiple of 1 cent>." district and the State of New Jersey will 1395e<2» is amended- Cb) FLOOR STOCKS.- join together in testimony to an esteemed <1> in paragraph , by striking out "shall ( 1) IMPOSITION OF TAX.-On cigarettes restaurateur, distinguished citizen and be $40 in the case of any spell of illness be­ manufactured in or imported into the ginning before 1969" and inserting in lieu United States which are removed before No­ good friend, the Honorable Frank Pombo thereof "shall be $412 for 1986"; vember 15, 1985, and held on such date for of Totowa, NJ, whose birthday celebration (2) in the first sentence of paragraph <2>, sale by any person, there shall be imposed commemorating the 60th year of his birth by striking out " 1968" and inserting in lieu the following taxes: will provide an opportunity for his rela­ thereof " 1986"; and (A) SMALL CIGARETTES.-On cigarettes, tives and many, many friends to express <3> in the second sentence of paragraph weighing not more than 3 pounds per thou­ tribute to his lifetime of good works. On (2)- sand, $6 per thousand; and this most joyous occasion, they will also (A) by striking out "$45" and inserting in LARGE CIGARETTES.-On cigarettes, commemorate the 20th anniversary of the lieu thereof "$412", and weighing more than 3 pounds per thousand, by striking out "1966" and inserting in $12.60 per thousand; except that, if more Bethwood, one of New Jersey's largest and lieu thereof "1984". than 61/2 inches in length, they shall be tax­ finest catering facilities, which was estab­ (b) EFFECTIVE DATE.-The amendments able at the rate prescribed for cigarettes lished, owned, and operated by Frank made by subsection Ca> shall apply to- weighing not more than 3 pounds per thou- Pombo for the past two decades. I know 30616 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 5, 1985 that you and our colleagues here in the Bethwood, we do indeed salute a great coercive and what was not. As one Senator Congress will want to join with me in ex­ American, the Honorable Frank Pombo of put it during debate on these provisions: tending our warmest greetings and f elicita­ "The Bethwood of Totowa, NJ." The intention is by this bill to remove not tions to Frank, his good wife Marilyn; only coercive influences but the semblance daughters: Sharon and husband Philip Sca­ of them; not only to withhold legal power to vone, Cindy and husband Joseph Marac­ IMPROPER POLITICAL exact but to withhold the use of official cino; and stepdaughters: Debbie and hus­ SOLICITATIONS place which may be treated as an exaction. band William Calantoni; Karen and hus­ Mr. Speaker, it is my fear that the Ethics band John Nicoloro on this milestone of HON. TRENT LOIT Committee's recent marriage to the Justice achievement in testimony to his standards OF MISSISSIPPI Department's threshold for prosecution sig­ of excellence in our American way of life. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nificantly lowers the standards of official Mr. Speaker, the pleasure of great per­ Tuesday, November 5, 1985 conduct for Members of Congress. Mem­ sonal dedication and always working to the Mr. LOTT. Mr. Speaker, on September bers should not be permitted to knowingly peak of one's ability with sincerity of pur­ solicit congressional or other Federal em­ pose and determination to fulfill a life's 27, 1985, I wrote to the House Committee ployees as a class, especially in their of- dream-that is the success of the opportu­ on Standards of Official Conduct, asking it nity of America-and the mark of distinc­ to reconsider its recent interpretation that fices. The so-called "coercion" standard is tion in our society of "the self-made man." the Federal laws against political solicita­ difficult if not impossible to define, let The aspirations and success of Frank tions of Federal employees and in Federal alone enforce, short of a blatant threat of Pombo in the mainstream of America's buildings only apply to "coercive" solicita­ job loss for failure to contribute. We must food catering industry does, indeed, portray tions. That finding was a part of the com­ and should have and enforce higher stand­ a great American success story. mittee's report of September 19, 1985, enti­ ards of conduct for our Members. We are proud to boast that Frank Pombo tled, "Investigation of Alleged Improper At this point in the RECORD, Mr. Speak­ was born and raised in our great sovereign Political Solicitation," H. Rept. 99-277, in er, I include my recent exchange of corre­ State of New Jersey. He was one of 12 chil­ response to a complaint filed by Represent­ spondence with the Ethics Committee. dren of Pasquale and Vincenza Pombo, ative MCCANDLESS and me. The letters follow: who emigrated from La Sola Conzolino, a Mr. Speaker, my request for a reconsid­ U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, small town near Naples, Italy, at the turn eration of the coercion standard on Sep­ COMMITTEE ON STANDARDS OF OF· of the century and settled in Totowa, NJ. tember 27 was accompanied by a lengthy FICIAL CONDUCT, Washington, DC, October 21, 1985. Frank became involved in the food serv­ memorandum tracing the legislative history Hon. TRENT LoTT, ice business at an early age learning the of the applicable Federal statutes, a cri­ U.S. House of Representatives, Rayburn trade with his older brother, August tique of various other findings of the com­ House Office Building, Washington, DC. Charles Pombo, who established his own mittee, and an argument that the plain DEAR COLLEAGUE: The Committee is in re­ restaurant, Casino De Charlz, succeeding to meaning rule of statutory construction ceipt of your letter and memorandum of the enterpreneurship of a restaurant that should be applied, which in this case means September 27, 1985. We thank you for the occupied the first floor of the home where a flat ban on all knowing political solicita­ complimentary comments contained there­ the Pombo family resided. tions of Federal employees. A copy of my in. In 1965 Frank Pombo acquired a well­ September 27 letter to the ethics committee In regard to your "appeal" to the Commit­ known area restaurant in Totowa, NJ, and arguments from my memorandum can tee that it reconsider its conclusion that co­ ercion is a necessary element in the estab­ called "The Old Duck Farm Inn." Coining be found in my special order of October 23, lishment of a violation of either 18 U.S.C. his sister's name, Elizabeth Eastwood, he printed in the October 24 RECORD at pages 602 or 18 U.S.C. 607, please be assured that selected "The Bethwood" for the name of H82f;5-8269. the Committee shares your concern regard­ his restaurant. Within a year he leveled the On October 21, I received a response ing solicitations which do not meet the ele­ building that housed his restaurant and from the chairman and ranking minority mental requirements in order for a prosecu­ constructed a place of beauty and refresh­ member of the Ethics Committee in which tion to be undertaken. It is exactly because ment of Spanish architecture and design. they indicated that the committee was of this concern that the Committee, with The Bethwood expanded over the past 20 "married" to the Justice Department's in­ what it believes to be appropriate emphasis, years under his management, flourishing terpretation that the laws only apply to co­ placed all interested persons on notice that through three major renovations and addi­ ercive solicitations, despite language in last such activities come perilously close to con­ stituting a violation of these two provisions, tions and reaching a staff force that cur­ year's ethics manual which states that any and that any solicitation of Federal employ­ rently totals 250 employees. Frank was in solicitation by a member of an employee is ees should be made only in a manner which full swing as a leading enterpreneur in the illegal. will "avoid questions being raised with restaurant industry. He describes his hard I consequently wrote to the committee on regard to the propriety of such undertak­ work in making The Bethwood a success, October 29, asking for an advisory opinion, ings." See, House Report 99-277, Section "a labor of love," as he developed an out­ specifically, whether Members may now so­ VII. at page 21. The Committee does not, standing venture in food service and a licit congressional employees in their of- however, feel that the complaint warranted splended impresario catering to the delecta­ fices for campaign contributions so long as creation and imposition of a less stringent ble taste buds of this clientele. Frank the solicitation ls couched in purely non· elemental standard, vis-a-vis the alleged mis­ Pombo has attained excellence and promi­ coercive, voluntary terms. If the committee conduct, which would somehow place the re­ nence in the quality of his leadership and spondents in violation of the statutes. The now thinks such activities are permissible, Committee ls "married" to the Judicial and professional expertise in his field of en­ does the committee think they should be executive interpretations of the law which deavor which has truly enriched our com­ permitted; and, if not, would the committee require coercion as an essential element of munity, State and Nation. recommend a House rule change to prohlb· improper political solicitations. As you are Mr. Speaker, it is indeed appropriate that it them? aware, the complaint only alleges violations we reflect on the deeds and achievements Mr. Speaker, it ls my firm belief that if of sections 602 and 607. Therefore, the Com­ of our people who have contributed to the we open this door to political solicitations, mittee believes that the issues raised there­ quality of life here in America. There is as the committee's report implies we now in have been properly disposed of in accord­ much that can be said of the friendship and may, we are taking a dangerous backward ance with the recognized scope of the two goodwill that Frank Pombo has so willing­ step into the past In which Federal employ· statutes. ly and abundantly given over these many ees were considered fair game for political The Committee appreciates your interest in this matter. years that mean so much to the lives of shakedowns. The authors of the antlsolicl· Sincerely, many, many people. As we join together in tation provisions In the Criminal Code real· JULIAN C. DIXON, a birthday celebration of a good friend and ized that without an outright ban on politi· Chairman. commemorate the establishment and cal solicitations of this nature, It would be FLOYD D. SPENCE, founding of a magnificent restaurant, The difficult to draw the line between what was Ranking Minority Member. November 5, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30617 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, tation is couched in purely non-coercive, vol­ New Jerseyans are all to familiar with Washington, DC, October 29, 1985. untary terms?" temporary solutions to sewage problems­ Hon. JULIAN C. DIXON, If the Committee's answer is, "Yes, such witness, for one, the millions of gallons Chainnan, Committee on Standards of Offi­ activities are now permissible under Federal dumped daily at the existing sludge dump cial Conduct, Capitol Building, Wash­ law and House rules," I would be interested site 12 miles off Sandy Hook. And valiant ef­ ington, DC. in knowing whether the committee thinks forts are being concluded to close down that DEAR MR. CHAIRMhN: Thank you for your such activities should be permitted, and, if nearby source of pollution of our shores. response of October 21 to my letter and not, whether it would recommend a rules With success in our grasp-albeit the actual memorandum of September 27 regarding change to prohibit them in the future. I halt to dumping is in the hands of the the Committee's report on the political so­ would be happy to join in cosponsoring such courts and is still many months in the licitation of House employees . Sincerely yours, come the additional sludge, even 106 miles I am gratified that the Committee shares TRENTLoTT. out. my concern about solicitations which do not Initial reaction from EPA spokesmen, and meet the Justice Department's "coercion" protests from New Jersey officials, are en­ standard for the purposes of prosecution. THE DAILY RECORD ON PRO­ couraging. The basic questions remain, however: How TECTING THE JERSEY SHORE EPA Regional AdmL"listrator Christopher is that concern to be interpreted, and what Daggett is said to view the 106 mile site as is to be done about it? only the "last resort" open to the Bay Your letter indicates that "such activities HON. JIM COURTER State's leading city. come perilously close to constituting a viola­ OF NEW JERSEY Representatives of New Jersey shore com­ tion of these two provisions"' <18 U.S.C. 602 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES munities are particularly vocal in their vows & 607), and that "any solicitation of Federal that the state will "stand hard and fast" employees should be made only in a manner Tuesday, November 5, 1985 against allowing other states to dump off which will 'avoid questions being raised with Mr. COURTER. Mr. Speaker, on May 4, the coast; numerous members of the con­ regard to the propriety of such undertak­ 1985, the Environmental Protection Agency gressional delegation have fired off mes­ ings.' " But, your letter makes clear that the sages of protest to EPA Administrator Lee Committee is now "married" to the inter­ [EPA] designated a waste disposal site ap­ proximately 115 nautical miles from the Thomas; state Department of Environmen­ pretation that coercion is "an essential ele­ tal Protection Commissioner Robert E. ment of improper political solicitations." New Jersey coast for the dumping of Hughey has asked the EPA to deny the re­ This does seem to represent a 180-degree sewage sludge. In September, Massachu­ quest, and independent environmentalists departure from your Committee's House setts, faced with a court order to cleanup are pulling as many strings as they can ethics manual in the 98th Congress in Boston Harbor, decided to ask EPA for grasp. which it is unequivocally stated that- permission to spill its sludge at this site. By all that's proper, Bostonians should be "Members of Congress, candidates for the last to wish to abrogate their independ­ Congress, and Federal employees are now I believe that the ocean disposal of treat­ ed waste is a practice that should cease, not ence and seek to dump their sewage on a specifically prohibited by provisions of Fed­ neighbor, thereby adding to ocean and eral criminal law from soliciting political be expanded. The New Jersey shore has been a dumping ground for others for too shoreline pollution. contributions from Federal employees, in­ If the EPA doesn't sink this idea fast, it cluding employees of the House of Repre­ long and Massachusetts' proposal is a step can expect a string of applications from sentatives.'' backward in New Jersey's efforts to protect similarly afflicted regions, and it will find While the manual does go on to indicate its environment, its resources, and its liveli­ difficulty in closing the Pandora's Box once that these provisions were enacted to "pre­ hood. vent employees from being subject to any it allows it to be opened. form of political assessment," and to protect The Federal Government should be seek­ employees "who by their employment and ing alternatives to eliminate the ocean position may be subject to coercion," this is dumping of sewage sludge, not considering IN MEMORIAM: LAWRENCE J. a far cry from saying that the provisions new applications that would add to the O'BRIEN, JR. only prohibit coercive solicitations. As I amount of sewage sludge dumped in the point out in my memorandum on the legis­ ocean. If Boston succeeds in its request, lative history behind these provisions, the who is to stop other communities from HON.THOMASJ.MANTON proponents felt a flat ban on solicitations using this site as well. As the Morristown OF NEW YORK was the only way to avoid the potential for corruption and the evil of coercive shake­ Daily Record points out in the following IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES excellent editorial, if EPA doesn't sink this downs. Tuesday, November 5, 1985 And yet, under the Committee's most idea fast, it can expect a string of applica­ recent interpretation, there must be the tions from similarly affected regions, and it Mr. MANTON. Mr. Speaker, on Sunday, "intent or perception to coerce Federal em­ will find difficulty in closing the Pandora's November 3, I lost one of the first friends I ployees," for without such "evidence of 'vic­ Box once it allows it to be opened. had in Washington. Lawrence J. O'Brien, timization'," the mere fact of solicitations The editorial from the Daily Record fol­ Jr., ended a valiant struggle against cancer. being distributed in Federal buildings, with­ lows: I first met Larry last year after I an­ out coercion, is insufficient for application of 18 U.S.C. 607" . My question regarding the from the Massachusetts Water Resources After leaving the committee, Larry general propriety of proposed conduct is Authority last month: It requested federal founded the law firm of Kiernan & this: "Would it be permitted, under Federal Environmental Protection Agency approval laws and House rules and standards, for this to barge its sludge from Boston Harbor's O'Brien, which quickly became one of the Member to knowingly solicit political contri­ island treatment plants to a site 106 miles leading maritime firms in Washington. butions from congressional staff in their offices, provided the solici- ternatives for disposing of the material. offer many members of the committee his 30618 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 5, 1985 wise counsel and experience. I was fortu­ and served its students well during the past rehabilitation laws, I appreciate how signif­ nate to have been one of the \_,eneficiaries. two decades. Starting with 80 students in icant an effort it is to promote economic Mr. Speaker, Larry served his country 1965, the school has expanded to enroll 520 self-sufficiency for the disabled. Between 50 with distinction and dignity in Vietnam. As students currently. It graduated its first and 80 percent of disabled adults are unem­ a captain in the U.S. Army, L1 ,rry saw ex­ high school class in 1975, and it has grad­ ployed-many because they have been tensive combat duty and earned the Bronze uated 300 students since then. Many of its denied adequate education, training, and Star, the Air Medal, two Army commenda­ graduates have attended college and re­ employment opportunities. Many of those tions, and Combat Infantryman's Badge. turned to make significant contributions to who hold jobs work at substandard wages Upon returning to the United S1. ates, Larry their communities. and often under unpleasant conditions. continued to serve his country i t the Army American education is characterized by The success of the OJT program speaks Reserves, where he earned th? rank of no single thing more than its diversity. for itself. Of 82 students in Contra Costa major. From the one-room schoolhouse of the 19th who participated, 59 were hired at the end Mr. Speaker, I know all of my colleagues century rural community to the huge of the OJP period, working in the food join me in sending our deepest r;ympathies public university of today; from the inner­ service, clerical, and retail businesses. The to Larry's wife, Melinda, and hit; daughter, city public school coping with the problems program cost per job placement was less Tara. Although Larry's life was ,;ut short at of social and economic hardship to the pa­ than $3,000. I am delighted that the OJT the age of 38 by this terrible dis<: ase, Larry rochial school seeking to teach religious project is once again being funded this lived life to the fullest. We all mourn values as well as secular knowledge-in a year. Larry's loss today, but we must thank God multitude of forms, American schools have I want to salute Art Miner, the executive that Larry crossed our paths an•l hope that sought to train our children to be the director of Contra Costa's PIC, and Wil­ all of us will be blessed with kn,'> wing more workers and citizens and leaders of each liam Sharkey, who chairs the county effort. people like him. successive generation. The Mesrobian Ar­ I also want to congratulate the 80 employ­ menian School occupies a proud place in ers and other supporters who made this this diverse universe of American schools. A TRIBUTE TO EVALEE KUNES program work by underwriting its creation .Its administration and teachers have and by hiring its participants. helped preserve the Armenian heritage and And I also want to congratulate the HON. JOE KOLTER enrich the lives of their students. I wish the young men and women who are the main OF PENNSYLVANIA staff and students of the Mesrobian Arme­ beneficiaries of this outstanding program. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nian School continued success as it enters Their persistence and desire to live life Tuesday, November 5, 1985 its third decade. fully and independently is an inspiration to Mr. KOLTER. Mr. Speaker, today I rise all of us who have recognized the great, un­ to pay tribute to Evalee Kunes. Mrs. Kunes CONGRESSMAN GEORGE tapped potential in so many of our fell ow received the Honorary Parent of the Year MILLER SALUTES CONTRA Americans. Award for Parents Day, Octol>er 5, 1985, at COSTA PIC The success of the OJT Program is fur­ Geneva College in Beaver Fall.s. This award ther evidence of the cost-effectiveness of was granted to Mrs. Kunes due to her un­ HON. GEORGE MILLER investing in young Americans and helping swerving dedication to her family. Mrs. OF CALIFORNIA them develop the skills and training they Kunes raised five of her ·eight children IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES need to be productive citizens. alone after her husband died. She is also Tuesday, November 5, 1985 known for her service to her church and Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speaker, OPPOSITION TO THE PROPOSED community. Timothy Kun•'!s, a junior at ARMS SALE TO JORDAN Geneva College, nominateci his mother for I am very proud to call the attention of the the award. A selection committee chose House to the commendation recently Mrs. Kunes from a field of nine nomina­ awarded to the Private Industry Council HON. SAM GEJDENSON tions. 'fhe award, a plaque bearing the in­ [PICJ of Contra Costa County. OF CONNECTICUT scription: "In recognition of your service, Contra Costa's PIC received one of 14 I N THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dedication, and sacrifice representative of distinguished performance awards from the Tuesday, November 5, 1985 National Alliance of Business for the Spe­ all Geneva College parents on behalf of Mr. GEJDENSON. Mr. Speaker, I rise their children," was presented to Mrs. cial Education Local Planning Agencies' "On-the-Job Training COJTJ Project" for today to express my opposition to the pro­ Kunes during halftime at the Parent's Day posed arms sale to Jordan. While on the football game. I am proud to honor Mrs. handicapped youth. This unique project brings members of the local business com­ face of it, it may seem perfectly logical for Evalee Kunes today before the U.S. House the United States to be selling arms to of Representatives. munity into our high schools to work close­ ly with special education teachers in order Jordan, a close examination of the true to help students develop skills and contacts facts reveal a different story. MESROBIAN ARMENIAN SCHOOL to enable them to move into private sector, The Middle East is still in a state of war unsubsidized employment. and this proposed sale threatens Israel's HON. MATTHEW G. MARTINEZ Working together in this project are em­ very security. The fact is that Jordan has OF CALIFORNIA ployers, as well as educators, business lead­ attacked Israel three times in the past, in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ers, union representatives, agencies which 1948, in 1967 and in 1972. Jordan also al­ serve the disabled and employment special­ lowed a unit of the PLO to fight in Leba­ Tuesday, November 5, 1985 ists. In particular, I want to commend the non against Israel as recently as 1982. This Mr. MARTINEZ. Mr. Speaker, I wish three special education local planning dis­ arms sale can only erode Israel's already today to congratulate the Mesrobian Arme­ tricts [SELPA's] and the county's school precarious position. nian School of Pico Rivera, CA, on the oc­ districts with secondary schools, all of To allow this arms sale is to allow a re­ casion of its 20th anniversary. The school which participated in this outstanding pro­ newed arms race in the Middle East. Isra­ was founded by members of the Armenian gram. el's security is almost totally dependent on community of the San Gabriel Valley. De­ The young people who participate are 16- air superiority, since numerically Israel's scended from immigrants who had been 21 year old high school students in special ground force is no match for Arab forces. driven from their homeland, these good education programs. About one-third of the To increase Jordan's air weapons will mean people wished to preserve their language participants have severe learning disabil­ that Israel will also have to increase her air and culture while preparing their children ities, while others have orthopedic, visual, weapons. And if Israel has to increase its to pursue the full benefits of American life. hearing, or other impairments. defense spending, then the United States Their dream has been realized, and the As one in this House who has had a very will be forced to increase its assistance to Mesrobian Armenian School has grown close involvement in special education and Israel. November 5, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30619 If there is to be an arms sale, it must The attributes that made Roy McDonald Star with oak leaf cluster for meritorious wait until the first step toward a peace ini­ successful in business were also beneficial achievements. tiative has been achieved. We must not be in his service to this fellow man. Active in Dr. Caplan's dedication to this communi­ rewarding Jordan before they have even many civic causes, his love for Chattanoo­ ty extends beyond his vocation. In 1967 he agreed to sit down at the peace table. In ga has been evidenced for more than eight was honored by the Jaycees for the Senior 1978 Congress approved the sale of F-16's decades. For example, he has headed the Citizens Distinguished Service Award. That to Egypt and Saudi Arabia, but only be­ Chamber of Commerce, led the Community same year he held the position of chairman cause there were ongoing peace talks at the Chest Drive and was chairman of the board of the Ellwood City borough's diamond ju­ time. To reward Jordan without any defi­ of Erlanger Hospital for more than 20 bilee. He was active in the establishment of nite progress on peace is to set a very dan­ years. Roy McDonald is credited with a blood bank program for the city, was gerous precedent. bringing prepaid medical insurance to the president of the chamber of commerce in In actuality, this arms sale is not truly community through Blue Cross-Blue Shield 1965 and was the president of the Ellwood needed. From 1981 to 1983, Jordan import­ of Tennessee. City Hospital medical staff. He is a charter ed over $3 billion in arms and spent over A man who has little interest in material member of the Ellwood City Lions Club. $1.1 billion in 1983 alone. This made them things, he is happiest when facing a chal­ The list of Dr. Caplan's civic accomplish­ the seventh largest arms importer in the lenge and when serving quietly and ments and organization memberships is world. In contrast, Israel spend only $370 humbly. Always an optimist, always eager virtually endless. Suffice it to say that Dr. million on arms in 1983 and ranked 26th in to forge ahead to bigger and better things, Caplan is a man of action who has played arms imports. he has been outstanding among the leaders an integral part in making Ellwood City a And since we can't even begin delivery on and the servants of the Chattanooga com­ safer, healthier place to live over the course these weapons unitl 1988 or 1989, this sale munity and its people. of the past 50 years. will not be of any immediate help to This award is presented only to those In spite of bouts with illness over the Jordan in defending its borders from hos­ people who have distinguished themselves past 5 years, Dr. Caplan has continued to tile nations. There are other, technical in long-time community service and profes­ service the community diligently, decreas­ means, whereby we can send clear and sional activities and by contributing to the ing his workload by a mere hour each day. solid messages to Syria and other nations enrichment and development of the com­ This man of strength has no immediate that to attack Jordan would lead to serious munity apart from the person's business or plans for retirement since his concern for consequences, without actually supplying professional life. I applaud the choice of his patients overrides his desire for relax­ Jordan with adv3nced arms. Roy McDonald as this year's recipient. ation. Mr. Speaker, there are more effective Mr. Speaker, I ask that you join Ameri­ ways of securing Jordan and showing our can Legion Post 157, his wife Anne, and support for that nation than through this A TRIBUTE TO DR. AARON their three children, Harvey, Barbara arms sale. To arm Jordan in this manner is CAPLAN Azizio, and Rebekah in honoring Dr. Aaron to invite further instability into an already Caplan. highly volatile region. We are not doing HON. JOE KOLTER anyone any favors by approving this sale. OF PENNSYLVANIA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES CONGRESSIONAL CALL TO CONSCIENCE HONORING ROY McDONALD Tuesday, November 5, 1985 Mr. KOLTER. Mr. Speaker, today I rise HON. DOUGLAS H. BOSCO HON. MARILYN LLOYD to salute a constituent of the Fourth Dis­ OF CALIFORNIA OF TENNESSEE trict of Pennsylvania, Dr. Aaron Caplan. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Dr. Caplan is being honored by American Legion Post 157 for his exemplary work as Tuesday, November 5, 1985 Tuesday, November 5, 1985 a physician for 50 years and for the his Mr. BOSCO. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to Mrs. LLOYD. Mr. Speaker, on October valor as a combat doctor in World War II. add my voice to those of my colleagues 14, 1985, Roy McDonald of Chattanooga, Mr. Speaker, I would like to share some in­ who are protesting the continued persecu­ TN was awarded the coveted Dorothy formation about Dr. Caplan with our col­ tion and mistreatment of Soviet Jews. As a Patten "Love of Chattanooga" award. leagues. participant in the Congressional Call to Roy McDonald is a true American great. Dr. Caplan graduated from Lincoln High Conscience, I would like to bring to my col­ If the term "rugged individualist" had not School in 1926. He went on to attend leagues attention the plight of a young re­ already been phrased, it would have when Geneva College in Beaver Falls in 1928 and fusnik that I have adopted. Mr. McDonald came along. He epitomizes 1929, concluding his undergraduate work at Pavel Astrakhan was born in 1955 and the admirable concepts of personal faith in the University of Pennsylvania in 1930. In first applied to emigrate in 1978. He was re­ Jesus Christ, love of country, hard work, pursuit of his lifelong dream to be a physi­ fused permission to do so on the grounds meeting challenges head-on, achievement, cian, Aaron Caplan traveled to Scotland that he "choose to emigrate without his el­ and then using his accomplishments to where he studied medicine at the University derly parents, thus breaking up a family." help other people. of Glasgow Medical School. After graduat­ Although Pavel is an English teacherI Roy McDonald was born in the little ing with his degree in medicine in 1935, Dr. translator by profession, he is unable to town of Graysville in the northern end of Caplan returned to Pennsylvania. He in­ find work. Thus, he devotes a great deal of Hamilton County on November 25, 1901. He terned at Passavant Hospital in Pittsburgh his time to studying the Torah and helping remembers the time when it was an over­ for 1 year after which he returned home to other Jews process their applications for night trip by wagon with this father to get Ellwood City to open his private practice. emigration. Pavel is also involved in reli­ to Chattanooga. He grew up in Chattanoo­ The doctor's office on the second floor at gious seminars which take place unofficial­ ga, helping his father in a family grocery 523 Lawrence Avenue, which was opened in ly and are attended by refusniks and non­ store and carrying a newspaper route. Both 1936 has proudly remained the workplace refusniks. As many as 100 people have at­ of these activities were to play a large part for Dr. Caplan for the past 50 years. Only tended these seminars at one time; howev­ in his life. once was the practice of medicine inter­ er, a tourist has reported that attendance From a 70-store grocery chain, which he rupted at this location. From April 1941 to has begun to drop off because of KGB developed, sprang a newspaper originally December 1945 Dr. Caplan left the commu­ raids on the homes where seminars are called the Chattanooga Free Press. The nity and his practice to serve his country in held. Pavel lives in Leningrad with his wife paper became a daily in August of 1936. the Army Medical Corps. A major in the Sonya and their two-year-old daughter Roy McDonald is the founder and publish­ 29th Division Artillery, Dr. Caplan served Ruth. In 1984, the family received an invi­ er of today's Chattanooga News-Free Press, in Normandy, France and was involved in tation and began the long procedure of re­ the community's largest newspaper. D-Day. His efforts earned him the Bronze submitting their emigration papers once 30620 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 5, 1985 again. Unfortunately, on July 12, of this the dedicated executive committee and Lott, Rod Martin, Earl McCullouch, Mike year, Pavel received notice that they had board of directors given countless hours of McGee, Marlin McKeever. once again been refused the right to emi­ their time in organizing this event. And al­ Rod McNeill, Bruce Matthews, Clay Mat­ grate. though they don't receive the attention the thews, Ron Mix, Manfred Moore, Pat Morris, Don Mosebar, Anthony Munoz, Mr. Speaker, every day 2 to 3 million players do, without their enthusiasm and Richard Perry, Bob Peviani. Jews residing in the Soviet Union are plain hard work the game would not be Danny Reece, Steve Riley, C.R. Roberts, denied the basic freedom of religious ex­ possible. Rod Sherman, O.J. Simpson, Dennis Smith, pression and experience routine discrimi­ The players too are to be highly com­ Lynn Swann, Calvin Sweeney, Mosi Tatupu. nation in education, social life, and em­ mended. As I look down the list of prior Dennis Thurman, Ted Tollner, Charles ployment. Physical abuse, unlawful proper­ participants, I see the names of some of the White, Ron Yary, Charlie Young. ty searches, and arrests on trumped up finest football players ever to come to come charges are not uncommon. Anti-Semitism out of these two schools, such as: Marcus PERSONAL EXPLANATION is officially endorsed and propagated. Allen, Pat Haden, and OJ. Simpson of While the practice of the Jewish religion USC; and Mark Harmon, Freeman McNeil, and culture is prohibited, Jews are also and Wendall Tyler of UCLA. HON. MICHAEL D. BARNES denied the right to emigrate. Pavel Astra­ Mr. Speaker, I ask that the player roster OF MARYLAND khan and his family are just one example of the Bruin/Trojan Superstar Classic be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the plight of thousands of Soviet Jews admitted in the RECORD as we may pay Tuesday, November 5, 1985 striving to free themselves from religious tribute to these outstanding athletes. persecution. If nothing else, the Bruin and Trojan Su­ Mr. BARNES. Mr. Speaker, I was unable It is my hope that when President perstar Classic clearly illustrates that when to be present for two votes on Friday, No­ Reagan meets with the Soviet Secretary we give of ourselves for a worthy cause, we vember 1, and would like to use this oppor­ General Gorbachev in Geneva this month, are all winners. I would therefore urge my tunity to indicate my position on them. that the issue of human rights, especially colleagues and the citizens of our great On rollcall No. 389, passage of H.R. 3669, for Soviet Jews, will be among the top country, especially those in southern Cali­ to prevent disinvestment of the Social Se­ items to be discussed. We in the Congress fornia, to join with the other Superstar curity Trust Fund, I would have voted and the American people must insist that Classic supporters, President Ronald "yea." immediate action be taken to ensure that Reagan, Los Angeles Mayor Tom Bradley, On rollcall No. 390, adjournment of the the Soviet Government comply with the and head coaches from the two schools, Dr. House, I would have voted "yea." Helsinki accords. We must continue to Jerry Buss, and leading California corpo­ focus attention on the issue of Soviet Jewry rate sponsors, in supporting this tremen­ TRADITIONAL PRINCIPLES IM­ so that one day soon individuals like Pavel dous initiative and to help make the Big PORTANT TO ETHNIC AMERI­ Astrakhan may be granted the right to wor­ 10th the best year yet. CANS ship free from the threat of reprisal. Let's do it for the children. BRUIN AND TROJAN SUPERSTAR CLASSIC PLAYER LIST HON. WIWAM 0. LIPINSKI BRUIN/TROJAN SUPERSTAR OF ILLINOIS UCLA CLASSIC lOTH ANNIVERSARY IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Larry Agajanian, Kermit Alexander, Kurt Altenberg, Norm Anderson, Foster Ander­ Tuesday, November 5, 1985 HON. ROBERT K. DORNAN son, David Baran, Terry DeBay, Peter Boer­ OF CALIFORNIA Mr. LIPINSKI. Mr. Speaker, I rise this meister, Steve Bono, Jim Brown. afternoon to bring to the attention of my IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Theodis Brown, Paul Cameron, Randy colleagues, a speech which I gave before Tuesday, November 5, 1985 Cross, Dave Dalby, Peter Dalis, Jeff Dank­ worth, Ron Debose, Terry Donahue, the Polish American Congress in Chicago Mr. DORNAN of California. Mr. Speaker, Charles Doud, Dennis Dummit. on October 12, 1985. While I was speaking rise today to pay tribute to a group of Ken Easley, Keith Eck, Oscar Edwards, from the perspective of co-chairman of the athletes in southern California who will George Farmer, Tom Fears, Robert Ferrier, Council on Ethnic Americans of the Demo­ soon resume an old rivalry for a worthy Cliff Frazier, Bob Geddes, Mark Harmon, cratic National Committee, I believe that cause when they play softball against one Ron Hull. the observations which I made are impor­ Jerry Jaso, Kermit Johnson, Ed Kezirian, tant enough to be brought to this body, re­ another in the Bruin and Trojan Superstar Vic Lepisto, Don Manning, Frank Manuma­ Classic. leuna, Michael Martinez, James McAlister, gardless of political affiliation. America The Bruin and Trojan Superstar Classic Patrick Marty, Freeman McNeil. was founded on great traditional principles was conceived some 10 years ago by a Rev. Donn D. Moomaw, Max Montoya, and I believe it is appropriate that we re­ group of community leaders seeking a way Dennis Murphy, Byron Nelson, Tim Oesterl­ examine these principles; especially as we to unite traditional rivals UCLA and USC ing, James Owens, Bob Pifferini, Rick get close to our national day of Thanksgiv­ in an event that would benefit the pediatric Purdy, Severn Reece, John Richardson. ing. programs serving special children at both Nelson Rising, Jerry Robinson, Jim Sals­ bury, John Sciarra, Rob Scribner, Bob SPEECH BEFORE POLISH AMERICAN CONGRESS schools. The special children are the handi­ Smith, Frank Stephens, Bob Stiles, John It is indeed an honor and a privilege to be capped and chronically or terminally ill Tautolo, Terry Tautolo. here this evening to address the Polish children. Greg Taylor, Wendell Tyler, Rick Walker, American Congress. Your efforts on behalf Little did this group of leading business Tim Wrightman. of the Polish community are truly notewor­ thy and I commend each and everyone of and civil volunteers know that their dream USC would turn into an annual event that will you. Marcus Allen, Chuck Arrobio, Bill Bain, America's strength as a world leader can soon celebrate its 10th anniversary. I un­ Art Battle, George Bozanic, Willie Brown, easily be attributed to her diverse and tal­ derstand that plans are already being final­ Brad Budde, Raymond Butler, Mario Ce­ ented people. From her birth, America-this ized for the Big 10th, which will be held on lotto, Jay Chaplain. land of opportunity has been a haven, a May 31, 1986, at UCLA's Jackie Robinson Bob Chandler, Leon Clarke, Marvin Cobb, promise and a dream. Men and women have Stadium. It should be a marvelous day for Al Cowlings, Sam Cunningham, Mario Da come to our shores to escape poverty and re­ the players, the fans, and most importantly RE, Anthony Davis, Clarence Davis, Sam pression. They have come to seek work, to the special children. Dickerson, Dave Farmer. seek liberty, to seek Justice and equality, Craig Fertig, Jeff Fisher, Chris Foote, and to build a future of hope for themselves This effort is in large part made possible Mike Garrett, Frank Hall, Pat Haden, Rob and their families. by the commitment of an enthusiastic and Hertel, Hudson Houck, Fred Hill, Marv For all of our ancestors who came from energetic committee under the direction of Goux. every nation on earth, the American dream Superstar Classic President Bob Goetz and Dennis Johnson, Rex Johnston, Bob is as much theirs as it is ours. It is as much Vice President Marc Franz. Mr. Goetz and Klein, Myron Lapka, Tony Linehan, Ronnie yours as it is mine. November 5, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30621 You, who are members of the Polish Ethnics were told that if they worked budget reduction provisions attached to the American Conference, have a rich and vi­ hard, studied hard, and abided by the law, debt limitation legislation. brant heritage whose values and accom­ they would be rewarded. Now, our courts ex­ The majority Members of the House of plishments have contributed significantly to ercise an unfair amount of control over pro­ Representatives, thinking they have hap­ the development of this country. motions, hiring, housing, health and educa­ By any measurements, you can congratu­ tion. Ethnics are upset by the apparent sub­ pened on to a major political issue of bene­ late yourselves on the many successes you stitution of race and gender for what they fit to their party, are unloading their criti­ have achieved to date. However, the ques­ were taught was merit. Ethnic Americans cism on the administration for permitting tion I wish to specifically address this feel a sense of bitterness when they are the disinvestment of the major federally evening is how Ethnic Americans can en­ denied job opportunities or promotions be­ administered retirement trust funds. They hance their voice in the American political cause of government enforced affirmative have gone so far as to schedule a hearing process. action programs. to call public attention to the administra­ As you may be aware of, I was recently ap­ In addition, we, in the Democratic Party, tion's actions in this regard, the end prod­ pointed co-chairman of a National Demo­ must realize that Ethnic Americans have cratic Advisory Committee on Ethnic Ameri­ only been on the fringe of benefits promot­ uct of which will be the sounding of an un­ cans. ed by our party over the years and, there­ warranted alarm to our Nation's senior Before I go any further, let me define fore, justifiably feel discriminated against as citizens that their future benefits are need­ what I mean by Ethnic Americans. I mean do other minorities, though without any lessly being jeopardized by an administra­ the middle class, blue collar, white collar compensatory consideration. tion more concerned with its own financial workers and small business people of the I am pleased to announce, however, that priorities than with our Nation's retirees. following ethnic backgrounds: Lithuanian, just this past week the House of Represent­ Supporters of reduced Federal spending Italian, Polish, Irish, German, Croation, atives approved legislation which, among Ukrainian, Armenian, Bohemian, and other other things, calls for a study of whether and of the need for establishing a legisla­ Eastern and Southern European descents. the Federal government's hiring and promo­ tive vehicle that would mandate a balanced There is no question in my mind, and the tion practices are consistent with the appli­ budget in the years ahead, feel that many facts bear it out, that since the mid-1960's, cable provisions of law prohibiting discrimi­ Members of the majority party in the Ethnic Americans have been drifting away nation on the basis of sex, race, or national House are purposely distorting the debt from the Democratic Party and the political origin. An amendment to this legislation ceiling/disinvestment issue and are sitting process in presidential, gubernatorial and which I introduced and which is now incor­ on their hands letting the situation unnec­ senatorial elections. porated in the bill re-defined the term "Na­ Undoubtedly, Ethnic Americans can play essarily worsen so that they in tum can ac­ tional Origin", to include individuals of all complish the own political ends. a significant role in upcoming elections, ethnic backgrounds that have historically however, this will only be accomplished if suffered discrimination such as those with If this were a case in court, the evidence both major parties become more cognizant Italian, Polish, German, Irish, Lithuanian, of their shenanigans would be there for all of various ethnic concerns. Ukranian, Yugoslavian, Czechoslovakian or in the jury to see, but unfortunately this is Last year the Democratic party's council other ethnic backgrounds. a case that will be tried in the media and in on Ethnic Americans held hearings across What is noteworthy here is that we finally our Nation's election precincts. It will be the country in cities with large ethnic popu­ have an official recognition and concern for aired in the context of political partisan­ lations. As a result of their testimony, the persons of different ethnic backgrounds. council proposed an Ethnic American plank ship rather than in the context of a policy Ethnic Americans represent the main debate as it should be. in the Democratic Party platform calling stream of our great country and for too long for an end to discrimination and ethnic they have been taken for granted. Their in­ One only has to look at the recent devel­ stereotyping. As you know, this plank was terest's have been badly neglected expecial­ opments in Congress to see who the heavies approved at the convention in San Francis­ ly at the Federal level. are. On Friday the House passed a tempo­ co and is now incorporated into Democratic Individuals of different ethnic back­ rary extension of the debt ceiling, an action Party policy. grounds must no longer be overlooked. This But this is certainly only the beginning. which I supported and one which would The task of the Democratic Party is not yet effort on behalf of Ethnic Americans was have precluded any need to go forward complete although the party is going only the beginning of a movement to ensure with the disinvestment !>f federally admin­ through a period of reassessment, we cannot further recognition of their concerns. istered retirement trust funds. However, it turn our backs on the principles which have Additionally, I would urge each and every­ then voted to adjourn before the Senate been our traditional strength. We cannot one of you to become more active in the DNC's council on Ethnic Americans. This could take commensurate action. abandon the small, but highly Democratic So much for getting the bill to the White groups because to do so would be to aban­ National Forum has already had a signifi­ don the values that make us Democrats. To cant impact on the Democrat's Party plat­ House in time to eliminate the need for do so would be tantamount to abandoning form and policies and has also inspired the going forward with disinvestment. One our souls. But we must expand our horizons Republican Party to become more in tune can't help but conclude that the majority and broaden our appeal. with ethnic concerns. party in the House of Representatives is To retain its vitality, the Democratic These, like all aspects of American socie­ more interested in pursuing its political ob­ Party must continue to work with all ethnic ty, are parts of a process. I will continue to jectives than the policy objective of a more groups while maintaining as its underpin­ listen to your concerns and facilitate your participation in the process. balanced Federal budget, a position that is ning, those principles which give our party shared by the vast majority of Americans strength-the hopes and aspirations that we We, in the Democratic Party, must contin­ know as the American dream. ue to develop cohesive programs that will these Members have been elected to repre­ How can we encourage and persuade remove the political isolation that many sent. Ethnic Americans to strengthen their col­ Ethnic Americans feel today, and again in­ lective voice in the political process? There still within us all a sense of security, dignity are a number of ways to achieve this objec­ and pride. THE RETIREMENT OF MAJ. OEN. tive. The first step obviously will be for Let us together continue to nurture and JAMES W. TAYLOR American political leaders to address issues build that American dream. of special concern to Ethnic Americans. Thank you. HON. ROBERT T. MATSUI Some of these issues which continue to in­ flame the hearts of ethnic voters include na­ OF CALIFORNIA tional defense, abortion, student loans, POLITICS GETTING IN THE WAY IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF POLICY school prayer, reverse discrimination and Tuesday, November 5, 1985 tuition tax credits. Ethnic Americans are proud to be Ameri­ HON. CLARENCE E. MILLER Mr. MATSUI. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to cans but feel that they no longer have con­ OF OHIO bring to the attention of the House of Rep­ trol over their lives and principles of thrift, resentatives the retirement of Maj. Gen. hard work, and self-reliance are no longer IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES James W. Taylor. The general, whose activ­ respected. More importantly, Ethnic Ameri­ Tuesday, November 5, 1985 ism and meritorious achievements span cans honestly believe that the cherished both the civilian and military areas, was values and traditions, which have been the Mr. MILLER of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, the backbone and foundation of this country, political drum beating is getting louder as honored on November 2, 1985, as part of have been forgotten. the debate builds over the unresolved the Individual Mobilization Augmentee 30622 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 5, 1985 Conference for Northern California Air Hebrew now brings 7 years of hard labor in IN HONOR OF JUDGE GIBBENS Force Reservists. The tribute took place at a Soviet gulag. McClellan Air Force Base in Sacramento. Of course the Jewish population is not HON.ROBERTK.DORNAN General Taylor is mobilization assistant alone in activism for greater personal and to the commander, Air Force Logistics cultural freedoms. Minimal, even token, ex­ OF CALIFORNIA Command at Wright Patterson Air Force pressions of freedom by the rest of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Base in Ohio. His many military decora­ Soviet concerned citizenry is ruthlessly Tuesday, November 5, 1985 tions and awards include the Air Force suppressed. The "treatment" for such ac­ Commendation Medal, American Defense Mr. DORNAN of California. Mr. Speaker, tivities is liberal doses of gulag and psychi­ I was extremely saddened to learn recently Service Medal, Air Force Longevity Service atric hospitals. Award Ribbon, Armed Forces Reserve of the death of Santa Monica Municipal Medal with hourglass device and Small The Soviet Union signed the Final Act of Court Judge W. Blair Gibbens. Arms Expert Marksmanship Ribbon. In the 1975 Conference on Security and Coop­ Judge Gibbens was a truly great man 1974, General Taylor was selected as Re­ eration in Europe, known as the Helsinki whose life touched literally thousands of servist of the Year. accords. That document guarantees basic people. He was a driving force in develop­ In his civilian capacity, General Taylor is freedoms including the right to practice re­ ing many of the charitable and legal orga­ president of three organizations: Potter, ligion and even emigrate. The Soviet Union, nizations still in existence in Santa Monica. Taylor & Co., Inc., a real estate and devel­ particularly in the case of Soviet Jews, has Moreover, he encouraged many of his legal opment firm; Potter Investment Co.; and systematically violated both the letter and clients to bequest literally hundreds of McMicking-Potter Development Corp. He is spirit of this agreement. thousands of dollars to the Crippled Chil­ also on the advisory board of the River It has been said that the Helsinki ac­ dren's Hospital of Los Angeles. City Bank. cords, if observed by the signators, would But the judge is probably best remem­ The general's civic affiliations have in­ be the greatest peace agreement of all time. bered as the "Traffic Judge," a nickname cluded past president and vice president for Andrei Sakharov, the only Russian to be he earned for meting out unusual punish­ metropolitan development, Sacramento awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, warned ments for routine traffic violations. During Metropolitan Chamber of Commerce; presi­ that his government's failure to observe his tenure as judge, from 1961 to 1970, newspapers throughout America, indeed dent of Chapter 51, Reserve Officers Asso­ human rights is directly related to Soviet the world, headlined stories on his imagi­ cation; vice president of Chapter 116, Air conduct in its external affairs. Force Association; member of the board of native and effective penalties. Without compliance to the provisions of For instance, the judge would sentence directors and chairman of the Industrial the Helsinki accords, voices of moderation Commercial Division, Sacramento Board of motorists cited for running stop signs to in both internal and external affairs are si­ stand guard at crosswalks for children and Realtors; member of the board of directors, lenced. These voices can have an impact on Sacramento Area Commerce and Trade Or­ ordering offenders to display "Traffic Vio­ the Soviet Government. Witness the suc­ lator, Santa Monica Municipal Court" ganization; advisory board, Volunteers of cessful pressure Sakharov brought to bear America; advisory board, Tuberculosis and bumpei· stickers on their cars. He even had on Khruschev to accept President Kenne­ a flower draped coffin wheeled into his Health Association; Sacramento Rotary dy's Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. Club; Sutter Club; board of directors, Com­ courtroom, which he tapped while meting stock Club and Society of Logistics Engi­ We have a right, and indeed an obliga­ out sentences. In short, he was a good man neers. tion, to insist on Soviet compliance with who used his position to advance many Mr Speaker, on behalf of the people of the provisions of this document. Since worthy values. Sacramento and McClellan Air Force Base; being elected to Congress, I along with a The judge is survived by two daughters I want to commend General Taylor on his number of my colleagues in Congress have and seven grandchildren, some of whom I illustrious career spanning over three dec­ continuously written Soviet officials about am well acquainted. And after recently be­ ades and thank him for his dedication and the plight of Soviet Jews, especially refuse­ coming a grandfather for the fourth time, I outstanding service to the people of the niks. We urge compliance with this agree­ can tell you with certainty that the judge United States of America. ment. This pressure will continue. died a wealthy man. We in the West have a moral obligation In my view, the b4!st one can hope to ac­ to work for easing Soviet repression of complish in life is to make a difference. THE REPRESSION OF JEWS IN Jews and other minorities in that country. The very Honorable Judge W. Blair Gib­ THE SOVIET UNION This obligation springs from a humanitari­ bens made a big difference in the lives of an commitment rooted in our cultural and countless people, and for that we owe him HON. HAL DAUB political heritage. This commitmt-nt finds our eternal gratitude and for that we pay OF NEBRASKA its expression in a desire to relieve suffer­ him tribute here today. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing and see the human spirit flourish Tuesday, November 5, 1985 rather than languish. THE EMMANUEL CANCER It must also be remembered that we have Mr. DAUB. Mr. Speaker, for the Soviet FOUNDATION Jew, 1984 lived up to George Orwell's grisly a direct interest in seeing the lot of the prediction of state repression. In all of that Soviet Jew improve. Soviet actions against HON. JIM COURTER year, only 896 Soviet Jews were permitted its own citizens are an indication of what to expect of its behavior in the internation­ OF NEW JERSEY to leave the Soviet Union. This is 896 out of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the more than 350,000 who requested per­ al arena. The more responsible the Soviets mission to leave. become at home, the more responsible they Tuesday, November 5, 1985 The fact that 350,000 out of a total popu­ will be abroad. This is the lesson from Mr. COURTER. Mr. Speaker, I rise to lation of the 3 million Jews in that country Sakharov and what is meant by the state­ commend the Emmanuel Cancer Founda­ willingly faced the increased persecution ment that the Helsinki accords could be the tion for Children and Their Families, and leveled at all who ask to leave, demon­ greatest peace document of all time. its founders, Joseph and Susan Vizzoni. In strates the grave circumstances under It is for all these reasons that I have 1981, the Vizzonis of Summit, NJ, lost their which these people live. written to the President urging that he only son, 7-year-old Emmanuel, to cancer. The entire cultural life of the Jewish raise the issue of Jewi!lh emigration with It is in his memory that they started the community is imperiled. Slanderous, per· Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev in their foundation whose aims are to increase the · sistent, anti-Semitic rhetoric oozes daily meeting later this month. The United S~ates quality and availability of pediatric cancer out of what the Soviet Union calls a press. has a unique opportunity to help end and counseling services in New Jersey. This vindictive infects the air inciting sys­ Soviet repression of a minority which has The costs of cancer to our society are tematic persecution. Even the teaching of sadly continued for hundreds of years. staggering. The social and economic impli- November 5, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30623 cations of cancer for the victims and for Emmanuel Foundation in New Jersey, and development. Without satellite Earth sta­ society as a whole are pain, suffering, dis­ similar organizations across the country, I tions, millions of rural Americans, includ­ ability; millions of years of life lost; and am confident that cure rate will 1 day be ing many from the 10th District of Michi­ tremendous amounts of human and eco­ 100 percent. gan would be excluded from television pro­ nomic resources devoted to detection, pre­ gramming. vention, and treatment. Recently, television program distributors The social costs-personal catastrophies SATELLITE DISH OWNERS NEED nationwide have announced plans to that cancer brings to individual victims and FAIR DEAL scramble televisions signals. Some indicate their families-will never be fully meas­ that satellite dish owners will be cutoff ured. Yet the economic costs of cancer HON. BILL SCHUETIE from services; some indicate that only they have to some extent been assessed, and the OF MICHIGAN will offer antiscrambling devices. This mo­ numbers are significant. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nopolistic approach will hurt the rural sat­ For example, the National Center for ellite dish owners in mid-Michigan; scram­ Health Statistics did a study in 1980 which Tuesday, November 5, 1985 bling cuts off the only access my folks in showed that the comprehensive medical Mr. SCHUETTE. Mr. Speaker, on Octo­ the district have to television programs. costs for Americans with cancer were $10.8 ber 29, 1985, Congressman TIM WIRTH, The issue at hand is not payment but fair­ billion. When one considers the 20-percent chairman of the Energy and Commerce ness. I have talked with many dish owners annual inflation rate for medical care, it is Subcommittee on Telecommunications, in the 10th District and they have categori­ quite likely that this $10.8 billion figure has Consumer Protection and Finance, an­ cally stated that they do not want a free almost doubled in the 5 years since that nounced that in January hearings on ride and they are willing to pay, but they study was completed. Of course, more diffi­ scrambled satellite programs will be held. I don't want to be taken to the cleaners for cult to measure are the billions of dollars am pleased that we will finally address this these services. The two bills in Congress of economic output forgone each year due situation. will clarify Federal policies regarding the to lost human resources. I became a cosponsor of both satellite right to view scrambled satellite programs It seems clear to me that the only way to bills currently under consideration in the at reasonable prices, terms, and conditions. combat this disease which causes so much House because the satellite dish owners in Other provisions would be directed to pre­ waste, pain, and grief is through the dedi­ my rural district should have equal access vent monopolistic control of a satellite cation and simple desire to be of service to educational, informational, and enter­ viewers' access to programming. that is present in the Vizzonis and all who tainment programming. H.R. 1769 and H.R. I am committed to fairness in the mar­ are involved in the Emmanuel Cancer 1840 would encourage a marketplace reso­ ketplace. H.R. 1769 and H.R. 1840 will Foundation. lution to a nationwide crisis that faces all ensure the continued availabinty of televi­ Somehow, Joseph and Susan have man­ of rural America. With the advent of home sion programming at fair and reasonable aged to turn the tradegy of their son's satellite Earth stations, a variety of televi­ prices. Rural viewers cannot be excluded death into a triumph for other children sion programming can now be delivered di­ from these services. It is for these reasons with cancer. Today, 57 percent of those rectly into our homes. It is America's rural that I am working for the passage of these children can be cured. With the help of the areas that benefit from this technological bills.