The NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY APRIL, 1952 The American Horticultural Society

ROLL OF OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS

OFFICERS President, Dr. Freeman Weiss, Washington, D. C. First Vice-President, Mr. John L. Creech, Glenn Dale, Md. Second Vice-President, Mrs. Robert Woods Bliss, Washington, D. C. Secnta.ry, Dr. Francis de Vos, Washington, D. C. Treasurer, Mr. CarlO. Erlanson, Silver Spring, Md. Editor, Mr. B. Y. Morrison, Pass Christian, Mississippi A ssistant Editor, Mr. James R. Harlow, Washington, D. C. DIRECTORS Terms expiring 1952 Terms expiring 1953 Dr. Fred O. Coe, Bethesda, Md. Mr. Arnold Davis, Cleveland, Ohio Mrs. Walter Douglas, Chauncey, N. Y. Mrs. Mortimer]. Fox, Mt. Kisco, N. Y. Mrs. J . Norman Henry, Gladwyne, Pa. Mr. Frederic P. Lee, Bethesda. Md. Dr. Conrad B. Link, College Park, Md. Dr. David V. Lumsden, Chevy Chase, Md. Mrs. Arthur Hoyt Scott, Media, Pa. Dr. Donald Wyman, Jamaica Plain, Mass.

HONORARY VICE-PRESIDENTS Mr. Calvin Trowbridge, Pres., Mrs. Otto Zach, Pres., American Begonia Society, American Primrose Society, 4435 - 3rd Ave., 1172 S. E. 55th Ave., Los Angeles 43, Calif. Portland 15, Oreg. Judge Arthur W. Solomon, Pres., Mr. Harold Epstein, Pres., American Camellia Society, American Rock Garden Society, 702 W. Anderson St., 5 Forest Court, Savannah, Ga. Larchmont, N. Y. Mr. C. E. Little, Pres., American Delphinium Society, Dr. C. Eugene Pfister, Pres., Richmond Hills, American Rose Society, Ontario, Canada Mundelen, Ill. Dr. Frederick L. Fagley, Pres., Mr. Wm. T. Marshall, Pres. Emeritus, American Fern Society, Cactus & Succulent Society of America. 287 Fourth Ave., 228 Security Bldg., New York 10, N. Y. Phoenix, Ariz. Mr. Marvin C. Karrels, Pres., Mr. C. R. Wolf, Pres., American Peony Society, Holly Society of America, 3272 South 46th St., Lock Box 71, Milwaukee 14, Wise. Millville, N. J.

SOCIETIES AFFILIATED WITH THE AMERICAN HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY 1952 American Association of Nurserymen, American Primrose Society, Dr. Richard P. White, Exec. Secy., Mrs. Otto Zach, Pres., 636 Southern Building, 1172 S. E. 55th Ave., Washington 5, D. C. Portland IS, Oreg. American Begonia Society, Mr. Calvin Trowbridge, Pres., American Rose Society, 4435 - 3rd Ave., Dr. R. C. Allen, Secy., Los Angeles 43, Calif. 1316 Derry St., American Camellia Society, Harrisburg, Pa. Box 2398 University Station, Gainesville, Fla. Bel-Air Garden Club, Inc., American Fuchsia Society, Mrs. Frank P. Winne, Treas., Mr. John Paul Edwards, Pres., 822 Sarbonne Rd., 1347 Trestle Glen Road, Bel-Air, Los Angeles 24, Calif. Oakland 10, Calif. American Iris Society, Cactus & Succulent Society of America, Mr. Geddes Douglas, Secy., Mr. Harry Johnson, Jr., Pres., Franklin Road, Box 458, Brentwood, Tenn. Paramount, Calif.

Publication Office, 32n d an d Elm Ave., Baltimore, Md. Entered as second-class matter January 27, 1932, at the Post Office at Baltimor e, Md., under the Act of August 24, 1912. Cali fo rnia H ortic ul tural So: iety, H orizon Garden Club, ?lI iss E li zabeth McClintock, Secy., ~lr s. George W ill er, Secy., California· Academy of Sciences, R. 1, Fremont. Ohio San Franci sco 18, Cali f. The H ouston H ortic ul tural Society, Cheotnut Hill Garden Cl ub, ?lirs. H. Clay Lee, Mrs. Charles F . H ovey, P res., 3615 Graustark St., 190 Chestnut Hill Rd., H ouston 6, Tex. Chestnut Hill, Mass . IO\\'a State H orticul tural Socie ty, Chevy Cbase ( D.C.) Garden Club, :\1r. \\1 m. H . Co ll ins, Sec.-Treas., Mrs. Christian W ohl gemuth, P res., State H ouse, 6308 Florida St., Des Moines 19, Iowa. Chevy Cha se, Md. ?l l icbigan Horticul tural Society, Chevy Chase (?l Id .) Garden Cl ub, l\'Irs. R. W . Summers, Secy., Mrs. William S. Corby, Pres., T he W hite House, Bell e Isle, 9 Chevy Chase Circle, Detroi t 7, M ich. Chevy Chase 15, Md. :\ational Capital Dahlia Society, Fauqui er & Loud on Garden Club, ?l fr. S. Owen H atfi eld, Pres., Mrs. H unter de Butts, 9900 Cherry Tree Lane, Upperville, Va. Silver Spring , Md. Federated Garden Clubs of Cin ci nnati anu The North A meri ca n Lily Society, Vicin ity, Dr. Robert D. Rappleye. Secy., Mrs. \". H. Grace, Sr., Pres., Department of Botany, 79 11 H amilton Ave., University of Maryland, Mt. H ealthy 31, Ohio. Coll ege P ark, Md. Garden Center of Greater Cin cinnati , ~ o rthe rn Nut Growers' Assn., I nc., Dr. W illiam R. Rohrbacher, Pres . 27 15 Reading Road, 811 E. Coll ege, Cin cinnati 6, Ohio. Iowa City, Iowa. Ga rden Center of Greater Cleveland, Eas t Boulevard at E ucl id Ave., P erennial Garden Club, Cleveland 6, Ohio Mrs. Andrew P arker. P res .. 3000 Garriso n St.. N. \V., Garden Ce nter Institute of Buffalo, W ashington 8, D. C. 1500 Elm wood Ave., Buffalo 7, N . Y. Plai nfield Garden Club. The Garden Club of Alexandria, ?lif rs. E dward H . Ladd, III, Pres., 11'1rs. Charles F . H olden, Pres., Nepawin Ave., 100 Rosemont Ave., Plainfield, N . ] . Alexandria, V a. Potomac Rose Soci ety, Ga rden Cl ub of Danville. ?I-I r. Albert E. \TIl est. Pres .. ] uliet C. Barnett, Treas .. 1309 Emerson St.. N . \V. Danvill e, Va. \Vashington , D. C. Garden Cl uh of Fairfax, Mrs. ] ohn F . H auber, Pres., San Francisco Bra nch, 40 Alexandria Ave. , Wellington, Ameri ca n Begonia Society. Alexandria, V a. Mrs. Anne Mitchell , Sec), .. 2370 18th Ave .. Ga rden Club of Virg-ini a, San Francisco. Cal if. :Mrs. Arthur Collins, Pres., Hampton Hills Lane, S" ll f'rancisco Garden Club. R ichmond, Va. 465 P ost St.. Georgetow n Ga rden Club, San Francisco 2, Calif. Mrs. ] . Edward Burroughs, ] r., Pres., Tacoma Rhododendron Society. 141<; - 31st St.. N .W., ?l Ir. Leo nard F. Frisbie, Pres., W ashington, D. C. Box 132, Garden Library of M ichigan, Puyallup, Wash. lI1i s< M a r g~ r e t B. Ball er. Librarian, The White H ouse. Bell e Isle, Takoma H orticultural Club, Detroit 7, Mich. ?ll r. Leon B. H abecker, P res., H oll y Society of America, 10 513 Greenacres D rive, :\lr. H arry W . Dengler, Secy., Sil ver Spring, Md. Extension Service., \ <\T orcester Co un ty H orti cultural Society, U ni versity of Maryland, 30 Elm St., Coll ege P ark, Md. \\1 orcester 2, 1.fass. [i] The National Horticultural Magazine

VOL. 31 Copyright. 1952. by THE A)[ERIC'AN HOH ,TI OUL~'UIlA L SO ' ~Jl"l'Y No.2

APRIL, 1952

_-\ristocrats Of Geraniums. DORCAS BRIGHAM

\I\fith Notes And Illustration Legends. B . Y. MORRISON

And Twenty-four Illustrations. ROBERT L. TAYLOR _.______149

Two Of The Rarer Tuli ps. ALFRED BATE .__ . ______.. ______.__ 157

The New Royal Hor ticultural Society Classification Of Daffodils ______159

Three New Species Of Amelanchie r . BERNARD H. SLAVIN ____ . ______.______16 1

The Genus Lycoris In The Mid-Atlantic States. JOHN L. CREECH ______167

Anapodophyllon-The \Vild D uck's Foot Leaf. MARJORIE F. WARNER ____ 173

Daylily Variety T r ials In P uerto Rico. HAROLD F. WINTERS ______180

Rhododendron Notes: Rhododendron alabamense. J OHN L. CREECH ______185

_-\ Book 0 r Two ______. ______.______.______187

The Gardener's Pocketbook: Phi lodendron sell oul11 . V. T. STOUTEMYER ______188

Abeliophyllu111 distichu111. DONALD 'vVYMA N ______. ______.______189

Correction. Ardostaphylos instl laris. EDWARD K . BALLS _____ ._.______190

From A Pennsylvania Gar den. FRANCES EDGE McILVAINE ______190

Other African Violets Crocus, Vanguard ?-J arcissus biflorus Early I'-.fagnolias. Editor ______. ______]91

Puhlished quarterly by 'The American Horticultural Society. Puhlication offi ce, 32nd St. and Elm .-\.\·e., Baltimore. Nd. Editorial offi r·e . I nOO Bladenshurg Road. N.E., ';V.shington 2 . D. C, Contributions from all members a rc cordiallY' illyited and should he sent to th e Editorial office. A s ubscription to flit." ma2'uzjne i~ in olnded in th E" annual dues to all m e mbt~ I 's; to n on -111 e1111) e l"S the price- is nve dollars n )·ear.

11 Robert L. Taylor [See page 191] IVanissLls b7:jfor'Us Aristocrats of Geraniums

DORCAS BRIGHAM

The colored-leaved geraniums have winter. Stir the soil occasionally to seemed very fitting companions for the keep it from caking and molding. scented-leavecl varieties and both seem A final potting may be made in the particularly appropriate in old-fash­ late spring. singly into six inch pots ioned gardens. Interest in these two or two together in ten inch pots, for types is still active and deservedly so use on the summer terrace or planted as scent and color go hand in hal1d in in tubs or iron kettles in combination making a garden. \\'ith Peppermint. Beauty. capitatum, At the start, it is wise to purchase Prostra·e Oak, Skelton's Unique or small plants of the colored-lea·ved va­ apple geraniums, the latter kinds trail­ rieties unless you can induce a friend ing gracefully ov·er the rims of the to give .vou cuttings in the fall. By the contai ners. first 0: September the humidity of sum­ Mrs. Parker, :M me. Languth, Happy mer day s begins to lift and three to four Thought, Lady Pollock, Miss Burdette inch (uttings \' ·ill root fairly easily. Coutts or Mrs. Cox are particularly especially if the cut ends are dipped in showy used by themselves or in com­ Hormodin powder before plantin'2,' bination with the scented ones. The them in clean sharp sand. These should bicolors or tricolors were highly prized be potted in 2 y,i -inch pots as soon as in the early 1800's. Unfortunately about one-half inch roots appear, using many kinds were lost to us when their three parts loam, one part leaf mold popularity waned. Now they have ar;(f some sand if the loam is heavy. A come into thei r own again as modern four inch pot of bone meal to a bushel herb gardeners search for colorful com­ of mixed soil will give the needed fooel panion plants for rosemary, lavender until the plants are shifted to larger and lemon verbena. pots. A window box with colored-leaved The colored-leaved geraniums make and ivy-types is attractive and many good house plants if one has a sunny effective combinations may be made :south window. They do not make such as Mrs. Parker, Jubilee and Hills 11eavy growth during the winter but of Snow with the ivies, Bridesmaid, after "the turn of the year" become ac­ Snowdrift and Butterflies. The flowers tive again, coloring well, flowering pro­ of these latter are varying shades of fusely and buildi ng sturdy plants. pink and white. If red flowers are pre­ Pot on into 3 ~-inch pots as soon ferred, then Red Marshall MacMahon, a.s the roots fill the small pots, but not Distinction and Mountains of Snow before. To help growth, once each may be combined with the ivies, Etin­ )11onth , a teaspoonful of Vigoro or oth­ celanet, Mrs. Banks and Caesar Frank. er well-balanced fertilizer may be Colored-leaved geraniums will do stirred into the topsoil followed by a best in summer if planted or placed in good watering. pots where they get some light shade When winter days are dark, avoid during the intense heat of the day. over-watering, but do not Iet furnace This is especially true of the golden­ heat dry out the soi l excessively. Be leaved varieties Cloth of Gold, Damon's sure that \~'ater is sl ightly warmed in Gold, Dvvarf Gold Leaf, Crystal Palace

(149) 150 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Apr., 1952

In preparing the photographs to accompany Miss BrighOl'n's article, it was planned that the emphasis sh01lld be th1'own on the shape of the lea.ves, thei'r habit and ar'rm/,gement, their color patterns and leaf margins. F01' that 'reason, the pictures were taken 1001li71g dow1~ on the lops of the plants, j~l.St as one does in nature, nil less he P11tS his potted ge1'mlli~~1ns high on tenace 'Wail or post. The1'e is not intended a,ny snggestion of botanicaI1'ela,tiol'l,ship or phylo­ genetic symbol'ism, sinister or othenc;ise, All are naftwal size. All photog'ra,phs made by Robed L. Taylor. The first page is given over chiefly to the greens in which yellow predominates. In the 1.tpper left we have Dzc;a1'f Gold Leaf, a 110t too vigo'rMI.S plant with deeply lobed leaves, a little thin in te.r.i1.lre b1tf of a delight/!.l paJe yellow-greelb, the same lwI! o'ne' finds when SII,n­ light streams aC1'OSS a good lawn; to the 1"ight of it, 0'1/. old sort, Happy Tho~tght, a 1'eason­ ably ~:·ig01'ous pla~~t, with n01'1nal g1'een margins and a cenh'al zone of white with the il1 - eZlifable small p~tches of g1'~y - green on the edges where the 1c;hite pierces the g'reen; below on the left, Cloth of Gold, a vigor01l.s yellow-green, a little deepe1' ,in hue than Dwarf Gold Leaf alld with the shallow 11Ia~'gil1al l obes of the zonale ancestor; to its 1'ight, Crystal Palace Gem, il~ wh'ich the wellow-greel~ of the leaf is broken by an i1'1'eg1,t/04' central patch of d04'ker green, almost the 1'eve1'se of the pattern in Happy Thought. Page 152, The second page celeb1'Qtes a gro1/,p that shows the bronze zone so typica.l of the zonale t}IPeS, but 'With smaller lea.ves, and a zone that a,ppears to be more b1'iliimtt since it lies over a somewhat yellow-green grMmd mid not the 17001" 1110/ g1'een, The growth is 1fW1'e compact in every case 011d the leaves see'J11, 11W1'e c1'owded on the stems. The color shows ve1'y slightly on the you,ng leaves; becomes mo're intense as the leaf develops and then fades somewhat as the leaf ages, The names a1'l!, in the us1.ra1 orde1', Bis111G1'k, Bronze BeG1tty, Roderick Dim and l!~bilee, Alth01,tgh the1'e 1S 110 good 1'eason f01' it, the colors ';170 these leaves l'e1'l1ind one of the 'Wood-col01'ed /Jansies that used to be common irb good mixtwres. Page 153. This page holds a mixture: The 1tppe1' (eft is the ·com1'l1,on form of M 'm.e. Salleroi, i.e. the dwarf s1tffr1tticose form, like a,n a,pple gera1nl.t1n in gl'owth, as compared to the free g1'owing f01'1n, that did not like its C01'e here; the colors 04'e the uS1tai geranium g'J'een. 'with i1'1'eg1tiar pa,tches of gray-g1'een as the green 1'eaches the white marg·ins. This is the plant 0'1' one of the bedders that received the full invective of the William Robinson­ Gertrude Jek}lll school of thmtght. Sometimes it doubtless dese'rved; someti~1es ,it was as all I'Ight as any of their pla11tings. The two picl1bres 01~ the ,,·ight hQ11d m(JJrgin of the page Q1'e the Red and Pink MacMa.hon geraniums, that 04'e little more than clearly marked zonale. In the lowe1' left is 04~ ill,terloper, Blacll Ves1tVilts, the only pygmy that de·cided it w0111d live with us, close g1'owth, a faint zone and b"illian.t scarlet flowe1's. Page 154. This is the first of three pages that shows essentially the g·reen-white variega· tions. In the 1/.S1wl 01'de1' we have lVIme, Lang~tth, Attmcti011 (JJI'u! Silve1' R1tby, all with va~'yinq degl'ees of white margins, a few flakes of g1'a,y-green as this comes to meet the central g1'een. area; the last, No, 137, is like them, e,'t:cept tha;! it has a, zone of b1'own and when the wh

TIJ 110 rase are the flowers poor; /; lIt in 110 ~ ' ariefy are they eq1wl to a good zOlJale 7. 'oriet)'.

Apr. , 1952 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZI:\T E 157

Gem and Bronze Beauty. All va­ tend to stretch their stems, cuttings may rieties prefer brisk cool days to the be made before frost from this year's high humidity of thi s past season, which vigorous growth , and if there is r00111 often causes leaf spotting and rotting. the old plants, cut back to shapely These troubles can be checked by di p­ fo rm. can be brought into the house . ping the affected plant in a solution ),II uch bl00111 and color will fo rm on the made by stirring one teaspoon of F er­ old plants which can be enj oyed mate in to a quart of water. through the winter whil e the new If mealy bugs should show a pref­ plants will provide for the garden the erence for your plants, they may be coming season. If space is at a pre­ washed off by spraying with a fine but mi um, the old plants n n be discarded forceful spray of water. If you have and only the new ones kept. only a few plants roll a bit of COt tOIl T here is enough variety in leaf pat­ on a toothpick, dip in alcohol and touch terns and color to keep one's interest the body of the insect with this swab. and enthusiasm fo r this group of plants As fa ll comes on again and plants ali ve for many happy gardening years.

Two of the Rarer Tulips

ALFRED B ATE

Tuhpa 'II rul'niens'is Stapf cific name refers to it. New to the garden in 1947 came O;.l e In mid-April of 1948 my one bulb bul b of the T ulipa u r 7dmie1'1S1S ; one fl owered ; a most deli ghtful little trea­ bulb because it cost over a dollar and sure three inches in height and with as Hall in The Genus Tulipa had not two blossoms to the stem. Neither given it a good repute as to health. I Stapf nor H all makes r·eference to more had hesitated getting even one bulb. than one fl ower. T he blossoms both in During the wi nter further research was bud and when open are erect, they do made in the hope I could fi nd some en ­ not wait fo r full sunshine but open couragement in my venture. wi dely on any fairly clear day to dis­ Gray does not even mention it in his play a glorious golden yellow star wi th L IL IACEAE and the on ly reference anthers of the same bright color. T he Hall gives is the Botanical Magazine ext-eri ors of the three outer sepals are of 1932. H ere Stapf, who named it, heavily shaded with olive bronze ex­ gives a description and notes with a cept for a bright yellow margi n. As \'ery lovely plate (t. 9288) which made this bronze is composed of green and me impatient for spring. He states that purple and sometimes one color s':ands John Hoog of the famous Van T uber­ alone for a tiny streak, t he bud is more gen bulb firm sent him ( Stapf) bulb s attracti ve than most of the smaller tu­ in 1928 whi ch fl owered at Kew in the li ps. T he exteriors of the three inner secon d half of April 1929. H oog had sepals are bri ght yellow with three received the bulbs from " Salmas on the green media n lines. The foliage is a northern shore of Lake U rumiya" dull green fa intly pigmented with red (you will fi nd thi s lake in modern at­ on the lower edges of the leaves. lases spell ed U rul11i a) and Stapf's spe- L ured by its beauty more than by LiS THE XATIONAL HORTI CULTURAL :vIAGAZINE Apr., 1952 the faint hope of its hardin ess, six more Skinner grows this tulip in hi s Cana­ II'e re ordered for the autumn of 1948; dian garden at Dropmore, Manitoba. three to go next to the original bulb which shoul d certainly speak fo r it and three to venture into a garden in hardiness. central Vermont belonging to a fr iend Tulipa aucheriaJ/ a Baker \\· ho had become afflicted with the tuli pmania and was will ing to take a Tu.lipa. au.cherial7 a is another of these chance. To close off the Vermont very delightful , desirable midgets of story, they all went through the winter the tuli p group-not quite so expen­ plendidly and fl owered gloriously in sive as T. M1' M 11 '~1:e'J'/sis but still in the late ApriL costly bracket. Like the fo rmer it Ins T he three new bulbs were up and one no synonyms to worry the gardener showing a bud before the year old bulb having been described by Baker in put in an appearance-but when it did 1883 from bulbs collected by A ucher co me up it had an increase which was E loy near T eheran and named in hi s strong enough to give a solitary blos­ honor. Comi ng from Persia it too SO I11 . O ne of the new bulbs had three should take kindly to American gar­ fl owers on the stem and all the blos- dens; even in E ngland, H all gives it a oms do not open at once. This year good bill of health. It too fl owers in the height of several increased to fo ur April and was charming thi s spring as inches. The fl ower when open is slight­ it blossomed on a small terrace just ly over two inches in diameter. The above the yellow fellow mentioned pure aureolin yellow' is channing near above. The newly opened fl owers the deep blue of Nlusca.ri armel1'iacum. nestl e close on a rosette of grayish­ It may be rash to claim hardiness for green leaves but as the days go by they this jolly little tulip with only two sea­ gradually are lifted to a total height of sons' experi ence to combat H all 's state­ three inches and one can easily see that ment that it "proves to be diffin tl t to there are two blossoms on the stem­ ma in tain in cul tivation." But we must Hall says there may be three. The remember that an E ngli sh win ter is fl owers open to a fl at star slightly more mild and damp and such that the bulbs pointed than in T. uru1niel'lsis and of get no rest and are stirred into an about the same size; they are of the early growth; whereas in its habitat most entrancing shade of what used to the winters are cold and the ground is be call ed ashes-of-roses and have a frozen just as ours are and that Persian small pale yellow center and bright yel­ st:mmers are as hot as ours. O ne should low anthers. T he outer sepals have on also remember that the English advise their exteriors a fairly wide stri pe of lifting the bul bs of species tuli ps and greenish-yellow on a duller pink storing them in dry warm places dur­ ground, the exteriors of the inner sep­ ing the summer and whatever can be als have two central lines of brown­ ' aid for that in England should never pink on a background of the same be done here where the summer's bak­ shade as of the in.teriors. Hall says ing in the soil is j li st what the spe­ the garden effect is brown-pink; I cies are used to . Finally to back up would say the brown tinge was not my claim for hardiness word ha re­ noticeable enough to mention except cently reached me that Profes or F. L when the group had both half open and Apr., 1952 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE. fully open fl owers. It is a most de­ shape. Then lift and dry off in a cool lightful color. dry place and remove the accumulated With reasonable care I can s·e e no tunics and replant in lat.e September. reason why most tulip species should In years when no lifting is to be not be as permanent features in the done remove the dried dead stems, spring gardens as Crocus species, snow­ never pull them up until they come drops or primroses. I am referring to easily, and stir the soil thoroughly and gardens north of the Carolinas and deeply enough to fi ll in the chal11'lels where there is a more or less hard which the stems have made so ants winter and a hot and often dry summer and slugs cannot have an easy access which are the climatic conditions ot down to the bulbs. At this time it their native homes. Planted in full would be well to stir in bone meal in sun and where there is sharp drainage about the proportion of a handful to I do not think they care whether the the square yard. The closing of the soil is clayey or sandy, so long as it channels which the dead stems have has a lime content and they are planted left is vitally important. Even with the deep. For the smaller ones six inches tall garden tulips many losses are due dovv n to the top of the bulb are not too to slugs crawling down these channels much; fo r the taller ones eight or even to the bulb and eating it. I was skepti­ ten inches are not excessive. In h ~ avy cal about slugs being fon d of tulips soils they might be set an inch shal­ until a friend showed me a bulb which lower ; but remember this: mi.ce, and she had accidentally dug while she and I am almost certain squirrels too, are I were working in the garden ; this fond ot them .and deep planting is a bulb had a fat slug in it and the pest protection from these ' pests as well as had already devoured almost half of it. fr0111 a too active hoe. If they can be \,yhile ants may not eat the bulb they planted where no artificial watering certainly are prone to make nests un­ need be done so much the better. Then der it and then when the roots begin leave them undisturbed until the growth they will be suspended in nu­ clumps are so crowded that the fl owers merous air chambers which may not are massed too closely to show their be fatal at once but will eventually. The New R.H.S. Classification of Daffodils B.ecause the Revised System for the means yellow or some co lor other than Classification ot Daffodils, as adopted white; (2) "white" means white or by the Royal Horticultural Society, whi tish ; the l.e ngth of a perianth seg­ which came into force Janua ry 1, 1950, ment is the extreme length measured is sti ll somewhat unfamili ar, or not al­ on the inside from its junction with ways accessible, the Editor presents the modern classification anew fo r the bene­ the corona along the midrib to the ex ­ fit of our daffodil friends. This is taken treme tip, and the length of the corona from the authoritative " Classified L ist is the extreme length measured from of Daffodil Names," is ued in O ctober its junction with the pt' ri anth to the 1950 by the R. H. S. end of its furthest extension when the In the fo ll owing : ( I ) "colorecl" edge is fl attened out. IGO THE N ATION AL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZI E Apr., 1952

DIVISION I DIVISION IV TRUMPET NARCISSI DOUBLE NARCISSI Of Ga'rden Orig'in OJ Gnrdel1 Origin Distin guishing characters : One fl ow­ Distinguishing character: Double er to a stem; trumpet or corO!la as flowers. long or longer than the perianth seg­ DIVISION V men ts. (a) Perianth colored; corona col ­ TRIANDRUS NARCISSI ored, not paler than the perianth. OJ Ga'rden Origin ( b) Perianth white; corona colored. Distinguishing characters: Charac­ (c) Perianth white; corona whi te, teristics or IV arcissus triand1'us clearly 110t paler than the perianth. evident. (d) A ny color combination not fall­ (a) Cup or corona not less than ing into (a), (b) or (c). two-thirds the length of the perianth DIVISION II segments. LARGE-CUPPED NARCI SSI (b) Cup or corona l·ess than two­ thirds the length or the perianth seg- Of Ga,rden Origin ments. Distinguishing characters: One fl ow­ DIVISION VI er to a stem; cup or corona more than CYCLAMINEUS NARCISSI one-third, but less than equal to the length of the perianth segments. Of Ga'rden 01'igin (a) Perianth colored; corona col­ Distinguishing characters: Charac­ ored, not paler than the perianth. teristics of IV arcissus cycla-111;.i11eUS clear­ (b) Perianth white; .corona colored. ly evident. (c) Perianth white; corona white. (a) Cup or corona not less than not paler than the perianth. two-thirds the length of the perianth ( d) Any color combination not fall­ s·egments. ing into (a) , (b) or (c). (b ) Cup or corona less than two­ thirds the lengths of the perianth seg­ DIVISION III ments. ':\1ALL-CUPPED NARCISSI DIVISION VII Of GG1'd en 0Y1:g1:n J ONQUILLA NARCISSI Distinguishing characters: O ne fl ow­ er to a stem; cup or corona not more Of G01'de1'1 OI'1:gin lhan one-third the length of the peri­ Distinguishing characters: Charac­ :1nth segments. teri stics of any of the IVa7'c isSMS jon­ (a ) Perianth colored; corona col­ quil/a group clearly·evident. ored. not paler than the perianth. (a) Cup or corona not less than ( b) Perianth white; co rona co lored. two-thirds the length of the perianth ( c) Perianth white; corona white, segments. \lo t paler than the perianth. (b) Cup or corona less than two­ ( d) A ny color combination not fall­ thirds the length or the perianth seg­ i'lg into (a ) . (b) or (c) . ments. Apr., 1952 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 161

DIVISION VIII ten stICS of the N arc1issus poeticus group without admixture of any other. TAZETTA NARCISSI OJ Gwrden Origin DIVISION X Distinguishing characters: Charac­ SPECIES AND WILD FORMS teri stics of any of the N a1'c1;sSUS tazetta AND HYBRIDS group clearly evident. All species and wild, or reputedly wild, fo rms and hybrids. DIVISION IX DIVISION XI POETICUS NARCISSI MISCELLANEOUS NARCISSI OJ Ga1'den Or·ig1:n A ll Narcissi not falling into any of Distinguishing characters: Charac- the fo regoing Divisions.

Three New Species of Amelanchier

BERNARD H. SLAVIN *

The AmeZ(J;N.chie1', -commonly known that there was considerable confusion as the Shad Bush, is one of the native in thi s genus and that there was no fl owering shrubs of the northeastern precise opinion as to whether the vari­ States. In mid-spring its white flowers ous individuals and colonies of plants forecast the beginning of the fl owering fo und in the wild represented individ­ season with an accuracy that man, thus ual species, sub-species, varieties, or far, has seldom achieved. merely geographical fo rms. During the sixty years in w11ich I Forty years ago the opportunity to have been engaged in the development obtain, at least, a partial clarification of and use of hardy plant materials, I the materials making up this genus was have always been attracted by the pos­ an invigorating challenge. Because my sibilities that this genus offered, par­ interests were primarily in the field of ticularly in the larger naturalistic type ornamental horticulture, it is only fair of ornamental planting. to state that during the period of my More than forty years ago, after work and observations, I have cast propagating and planting out the vari­ aside many plants which may have had ous recogJ:lized species, as well as in­ taxonomic signi·ficance. dividual forms which I considered Beginning with materials collected promising, I discovered that the exist­ mostly in western New York, I have, ing botanical and horticultural texts over a lifetime, selected many individ­ did not describe in any accurate man­ uals and colonies of plants which, by ner the vari ous materials which were their form and bloom, have shown out­ to be fo und growing under native con­ standing characteristics. Over the ditions in New York State. I also dis­ years, the better of these individuals covered in my many contacts with Drs. have been repropagated so that today, Charles S. Sargent and Alfred Rehder there are in Durand-Eastman Park at Rochester, New York, first and second ' Superintendent of Parks, Retired, Rochest er, New York. generations of seedlings as well as the 162 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Apr., 1952 original collected plants. F rom this Lake Ontario shore north of Roches­ work it has been possible to reach sev­ ter, New York. This species has been eral conclusions: first, that there are established in Durand-Eastman Park. distinctly superior flowering forms of the A71'Ielanch ier; second, that most if A11J'wlanchier le1'oyensis not all of the forms having horticultur­ Amelanchier l eroye1~ sis is named for al merit breed true from seed; third, the Township of Leroy, Genesee Coun­ they have sufficient basic characteris­ ty, New York, where I discovered it tics to fully warrant thei r acceptance in the wild state in 1916. This new as true species, rather than as varieties species is a stoloniferous shrub with or clonal variants. . rather slender upright stems, growing O ut of this work, I propose three in dense clumps to 6 111111 . high, anti new species of A1nel(bJq,chier on the spreading by under-ground stolons, grounds that they are superi or for thus forming patches. Young wood ornamental purposes and should so be rather dark brown; two-year old wood, recogni zed. purple brown; older wood, dark brown A11'Iela:nchie1' magnifica with purple serpentine stripes; buds acute, dark brown, nearly black; termi­ A11'lelanch'ier magnifica, is an upright nal ,buds 8 m111. long, lateral buds 4-6 stoloniferous shrub to four meters high, 111111. long. forming patches; young wood brown, Leaves dull green above; lighter buds 1 cm. long, plump, acute dark green beneath, oblong to oblong-oval, brown, inner bud scales scarlet. or oblong-obovate, sometimes orbicu­ Leaves oval to oval-oblong, dark lar-oval, mostly

....,

r I I L A111,ela1'1-chier le1'oyensis

cultivation it becomes a large arbores­ dull brown, winter buds slender, 1 cm. cent shrub with many stems, ascend­ long, sharply acute, maro·::m, or red­ ing from a solitary crown to the height dish-brown, inner or unfolding bud of 5 m. with branches loosely spread­ scales lustrous reddish-brown up to 15 ing; branchlets slender, young wood mm. long. 164 THE . TATIONAL HORTICULTURAL :MAGAZIl E Apr., 1952

Amelanchier acu1nimtlata

Leaves oblong-oval to oblong-obo­ apex, rounded or cuneate to broad­ vate, 3-6 C111 . long, dark green above, -:uneate, and occasionally truncate at glaucescent beneath, finely serrate the base, at maturity, slightly scoop nearly to the base, acul11inulate at the shaped, and somewhat concaved or hol- Apr., 1952 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 165

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, .)

A111elanchier acumin~l.[ata

lowed from above; young unfolding Racemes rather loosely spreading, leaves purplish with scurfy-pHbescence 3-5 cm. long, 2-6 fl owered with vi llous on the under-surface, and villous 0 11 on the greenish fl ower bracts, young the margi ns and petioles, developing fl ower buds greenish acute, 166 THE TATIOl AL HORTICULTURAL 1vIAGAZINE Apr., 1952

A 111 e lane hie?' 11'Ii1gni fica

petals oblong-obovate, 1 cm. long, 3-4 rous, lower pedicels 011 ripe fruit 2S mm. broad; developing fruit pyriform, 111m. long, seldom longer. ripe frui t subglobose, dark purple, I discovered this species in 1914 at bloomy, sweet, 8 111111. across, calyx on Mendon Ponds in the township of ripe fruit refl exed. top of ovary glab- Mendon, Monroe County, New York. The Genus Lycoris in the Mid .. Atlantic States

JOHN L. CREECH

In reviewing the several references Here at Glenn Dale, Maryland, we to the genus L'ycoris (AMARYLLI­ are growing L. squamigera, L. mdiata DACEAE) that have appeared during Herb. and L. aurea Herb. outdoors in the past 100 years, one is somewhat temperatures that usually go down to confused in regard to identity, flower­ zero degrees Fahrenheit at least once ing, hardiness and culture of some of each winter. At this locality, the first the s.pecies. It is hoped that the fol­ two have been naturalized for over fif­ lowing notes will somewhat remedy teen years while L. aurea has been out­ this situation. doors only since 1946 but has flowered LYC01'is is an eastern Asiatic genus for the past two years. Lycon's incar­ of autumn-flowering bulbous plants re­ na,ta Spreng. and L. sang·uin.ea Max­ lated to such South African hothouse im. also have been planted outside bulbs as A'/1iGJryllis and Nerine. This is in years past but no records indicate an unfortunate alliance from the stand­ how they fared. The fact that they point of garden culture, for it has exist in 'our coldhouse now might ind·i­ caused most writers to be too cautious cate that they were not too well adap­ in defi.ning the limits of hardiness for ted. However, we intend to move some the various species of LYC01'is. of our stock of these two species out All of the known species of Lyco·ris this spring to make personal observa­ are plants of temperate China and Ja­ tions. pan and have been cultivated in those Since L. mdiata has been proved to countries for many centuries. In the be thoroughly adapted to our condi­ mid-Atlantic States, centering around tions and deserves wider use, it is dis­ Washington, D. c., only one species cussed first. This species is found in has been grown outdoors to any extent many gardens in the deep South where and that one, LYC01'is squa11'1-ig era Max­ it has been grown under the binomial, im., has been in gardens even as far N erine sarnie11sis, a name properly be­ north as Massachusetts since before longing to a South African bulbous 1900. With such a hardiness record as plant that can be grown here only in this, it is surprising that the other spe­ the greenhouse. This error was first cies have not been .given more attention_ brought to light by Mr. Wyndham Hay­ as to how far north they also can be ward in an article that appeared in the grown. This might be explained by National Horticultural Magazine, Vol. { J V the fact that L. squa,111iig era was sent 16, April, 1937. With us, L. radiata from the Orient* directly to Massachu­ flowers in mid-September, at which setts. The other species which were time its brilliant scarlet flowers, with probably obtained fro m England long "spidery" stamens (it is some­ (where they were regarded as of lim­ times called the Spider Lily), are borne ited hardiness) had their start in our on stalks 12-15" tall. By October, southern gardens. these are replaced by the new foliage that grows throughout the winter. It is "' By Dr. George Hall of Bristol, Rhode Island. certainly unusual for a bulbous plant [167] 168 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Apr ., 1952 to produce its fo liage duri ng the nor­ grown ,it in his Shanghai garden as mally dormant seasons of autumn and early as 1860 and fo r a time, the spe­ winter only to die down in April , at the cies bore hi s name, L. halli. Each Au­ approach of our usual growing period. gust, the local papers usuall y carry let­ Soon after the fo liage has withered, the ters from r·eaders regarding the "Ghost bulbs can be dug. A rest period is not L ily" or "Resurrection L ily" and the necessary and the bul bs can be replant­ mysteri ous appearance of the fl ower ed immediately. I have dug L. radiata stalks through the baked summer clay. as deep as 8" below the surface and For, as with L. 'ra,diata, there is a peri­ they generally can be planted at that odicity of fl ower and foliage develop­ depth. Until the fl ower spears appear ment and the presence of fl ower stalks in early September, there is no indi­ with no signs of fo liage is quite re­ cation of the existence of the plants markable to the novice. The stalks will though it is diffic ul t to understand how grow to 24 inches and bear clusters of they contri ve to remain dormant dur­ fragrant fl owers of Magnolia P urple ing the hot summer. I n view of the (HCC-030/3). W ith age, the fl owers success with thi s species at this station, appear bluish. T he fo liage does not it is well worth the consideration of fo llow the fl owering immediately as gardeners farther north, especially si nce with L. mdiata but appears in the it can be grown under sod. The bul bs spring, fo rming large clumps of broad, thrive under such a coveri ng and the strap-like blades that die down by June. grass J1lukh will provide added pro­ T his is, by far, the most vigorous of tection during severe temperatures. the species, both in fo liage and fl ower. I n addition to the typical L. rad'iata, As with the other species, L. sq~£ami ­ there is a w hi te form, aolba, with which gC1'a cloes not set seed with any regu­ we are fami liar and there is said to be lari ty. a variety, va.riegata, which has fl oral Lyco1'is Q1,wea is the least known of segments that turn white with age. We these species in our gardens. Even in have noted this condition to a wnsider­ recent literature there is confusion as able extent in our plantings and it to the time of fl owering and the color would hardly seem that such a separa­ of the fl owers. In our plantings, L. tion is worth while. It has been re­ G.:b£rea fl owers in early A ugust, coincid· ported that L. 1'ad'iata does not set seed ing with L. sq~£(1111igera . Like that spe· and this is true of most of our plant­ cies, the fo li age appears in the spring, ings. B. Y. Morrison, however, has a disappearing in May. The fl owers are clonal group of bul bs that regularly more li ke those of L. 1'ad·iata in that the prod uce seed. It might also be noted segments are narrow and wavy and the that the Japanese have reported the stalks are about as tall as those of that bulbs as edible but our crop has not species. T he fl owers are Saffron Yel­ been large enough to justify sampling low (HCC-7) and in clusters of fo ur or such a handsome ornamental bulb. five. The corolla segments fan out in One should be cautious since many a divergent manner, balanced by the member of the Amaryll is family pos- cluster of six stamens. I n general, thi s ess poi sonous principles. is the least vigorous of the three spe­ Lycan's squaI'JII.:ige1'a bas been O'l'own cies discussed here. . '" 111 Massachusetts since its introduction Since the setti ng of seed is rather un­ before 1900. Dr. Hall is said to have common, no hybrids have yet been ...... pr. , 1952 THE NATIONAL HORTI CULTURAL MAGAZINE 169

1. L. C,'eech L ycoris squa1n·igem brought to the attention of the writer. was a failure. Careful examination of In 1950, the seed-producing clone of the seedflat revealed tiny elongate bulb­ L. radi,ata growing in M r. Morrison's lets at the very bottom of the fl at . These garden was pollinated by L. a%rea were transplanted and the first foliage and the seed gathered and sown in a was noted in October of 1951. It will sandy soil in October. By spring, the be several years before the seedlings round, black seeds had germinated, fl ower but a cytological examination Later, when one might expect to see of their roottips by M r. Don Wetherell, fo li age, only the empty seedcoats were Department of Botany, University of fo und and it appeared that the effort Maryland, has shown them to have 19 170 THE NATIOI AL HORTICULTURAL jV[AGAZINE Apr., 1952

I. L. Creech L 'jlC01'is aurea chromosomes. Since L. 1'adiata is a we are watching the progress of the triploid with 33 chromosomes and L. seedlings with increased interest. aI/rea i reported with 12, 13 and 14, A few general observations should Apr., 1952 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZI E 171

R. L. Taylor Lycor'is radiata alba be made. The ·bulbs of all the species for they produce their foliage at times discussed require several years to de­ of optimum moisture in the soil. If one velop into bold, dense clumps and grows L. Tad-iata in open ground far­ should not be transplanted until they ther to the north, it would be well to have attained such a display. Equally mulch the leaves during open winter adapted to sun or shade, they natural­ months. Since the foliage has died ize well in heavy sod or in open beds down by the time regular grass cutting at the foundations of buildings. Once occurs, one need be careful only at the planted, they require no particular care time the flowers are pushing up through 172 THE NATIONAL H ORTICULTURAL MAGAZI NE Apr. , 1952

"

\

\ \ , ,.

i \ '.

Claude 1-1 ope L ycoris a,lbi/lora

the grass, As for locating them in the its size whi le L. mdiata and L. mwea garden, L. sq~ta77qigera woul d serve would be better used in so c! areas a nc! be t a a foundation plant because ot shady ravines, Since they all fl ower Apr., 1952 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 173

at a time when the more common bulbs where we are attempting a month-by­ have gone past, their presence in the month garden, Lycoris will find a per­ garden will be a source of "autumn" manent place once its members have interest. In addition, they make hand­ become more widely known. some cut flowers, lasting for several U . S. P lant Introduction Garden days. It is undoubtedly true that Glenn Dale, Maryland

Anapodophyllon .... The Wild Duck's Foot Leaf

MARJORIE F. WARN ER

At first glance the "R emarques nec­ earlier name to Podophyllum, remark­ essaires pour la culture des fleurs" ing that trAnapodophyllon is a sesqui­ (Paris, 1658), of Pierre Morin "Ie pedalian name; therefore I have cut off juene, dit Troisieme," seems mainly three letters; nevertheless the remain­ devoted to the " florists' fl owers" of der are sufficient to express the same that period. It has long catalogs of meaning." Berein he shows either bo­ named varieties of the tulip, Iris, tanical or linguistic ignorance, as the Ane11W1'be, and R(L11iu. nc'b~ lus; but also, in May-apple leaf does not resemble any its cultural lists grouped according to kind of a foot but the leathery one of season, soil, and climate, it gives a great some web-footed bird. Anapodophyl­ many humble, modest flowers of the lon was sesquipedahan, but Podophyl­ day as well as more showy ones. These IU11'b is senseless. It has no application lists, moreover, include many recently to the May-apple. " Gray's Manual of introduced species. Botany" (8th ed. by Fernald, 1950, p. One of the arresting names is Ana­ 673 ), gives its derivation from the podophyllon, li sted by Morin among Greek words for foot and leaf, "prob­ plants loving a moist rich soil and also a;b ly referring to the stout petioles," among those flowering in May. This which is as good an explanation as can name was adopted by others, and Ana­ be made without goi ng back to T ourne­ podophyUon Canadense Morini ap­ fort's derivation. pears as a synonym in the "Bortus The Linnean specific, peltatum, how­ regius" (Parisiis, 1665), of D enis ever, admirably describes the gallant J oncquet. The genus was established way in which the flower and fruit are by Tournefort in his "Elemens de bo­ shielded by the big leaves. The French tanique" (1694, v. 1, pp. 204-205), vernacular ( though not "common") with one species, Anapodophyllon Can­ "Podophylle en ,bouclier" is merely {]Jdense. Tournefort says that Mon­ translated from the Latin. The usual sieur Morin, the flori st, was author of English "May-apple" is inappropriate the name Anapodophyllon, and gives but is easily explained, as it was given its derivation frona Greek words mean­ at a time when any roundish fl eshy ing 'W1:td d1,f,ck's foot leaf. fruit was termed an "apple." Podo­ The strange plant proved to be the phyllum peltatu1% has received many familiar May-apple, Podophyll1J~m pel­ vernacular names, but is best known tat1J~11'b. In hi s "Bortus Cliffortianus" among English speaking people as (1737, p. 202) , Linnaeus reduced the May-apple, and its French equivalent, 17-1 THE rATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZII E Apr., 1952

"pom1l1e de mai," is used both in Europe, Podoph~Jlltlf'llL peltafLt1·/IL had France and in French Canada. been found in the New \ !\T orId and de­ Its introduction to Europe is open scribed by Samuel de Champlain to cOll jecture. According to Aiton, (CEuvres de Champlain publiees sous "Hortus Kewensis" (1789, v. 3, p. Ie patronage de l'Universite Laval par 222), Podophyllum peltatu1'i'L was cul­ l'abbe C. -H. Laverdiere, 2. ed., 1870, tivated in England in 1664. The au­ v. 4, pp. 30-31). In August, 1615, he thority is Evelyn's "Kalendariu111 hor­ was exploring the country on the Hu­ tense" (1664, p. 67) which gives A 'J1:a­ rons, near their great village of Cahia­ podophyllon among the fl owers " in gue, in southern Ontario, where he pri me or yet lasting" in the month of found: May. It should have been grown in A kind of fruit which is of the England several years to justify this fo rm and color of small lemons and listing, and as Evelyn's " Diary" tells has something of their fla vor, but the of hi s visits to "My. Morine" in Paris, inside is very good, alm ost like that on April 1, 1644 and May 23, 1651, he of figs. The plant that bears them may have obtained the plant from has a height of two and a half feet; Pierre Morin hi mself on one of these each plant has only two or three occasIons. leaves at most, of the shape of those There is no evidence of its continu­ of the fig, and bears only two apples ous cultivation, though it coul d have on each stalk. There are quantities remained unnoticed in gardens. Ray, of them in many places, and their in his "Historia plantarum" ( 1686, v. fruit is very good and of good flavor. 1, p. 67 1), says it had been sent from Some of Champlain's references to London under the name Pomum Mai­ plants and animals are obscure, but this ale to "our little garden of Cambridge," is an unmistakable picture of the May­ where it had been growing for some apple. \!\Then two or more plants grow years. He thought it a native of orth close together, they may look like a America, but did not know its history. single plant with several leaves, in­ But it certainly was known, if not es­ stead of the bifurcated leaf with a tablished, in England some fifty years single fruit growing from its crotch. earlier. In hi s "Early British botan­ The resemblance of the fruit to a small ists and their gardens" (1922, pp. 369- lemon has often been noted, and ac­ 371), R. T. Gunther prints a li st of counts for the vernacular name, "cit­ Parkinson's desiderata, including "The ronnier," which is occasionally found Maye Apple or seedes"; also one of in Canada, and the English "wild seeds he received from "Vi rginia," lemon" in some localities. March 16, 1636, in which No. 11 is Morin's Anapodophyllon was un­ "Maye Apple seede a blackish browne questionably from Canada, and one seede less than Stramonium, the fl ow­ might suppose the plant had come from er white & the fruit much eaten by Champlain's explorations, but it can­ them." It is likely there were direct not be traced. Champlain was inter­ importations of this plant to England ested in the food and other useful before 1664 fr0111 "Virginia," where it plants of New F rance, and a few of must have been plentiful in many 10- them were experimentally grown at cal iti e . Paris, but there is no evidence that But years before it was known in the May-apple was tried out in the Apr., 1952 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 175 food garden, though it might have es­ dant de Launay, in the "Bon Jardi­ caped notice because of indifferent re­ nier" for 1813 , said thi s beautiful plant sults. Probably it never grew so lux­ was a native of North America, and uriantly or fruited SO abundantly in was hardy throughout the winter in France as in some parts of the United France. It was listed in Vil1110rin's States. And in England, it was re­ " Fleurs de plein e terre" as late as 1909, marked by Morison in hi s "Plantarul11 but its vogue had begun to decline, historia" ( 1699, v. 3, p. 533), that "it and I have not found it in more recent flowers in April and ripens its fruit works of similar scope. (which rarely occurs) in May, whence Mordant de Launay says it is in the it is by some called the Mayapple." list of plants grawn by Fagon in hi s I question whether it was ever grown time at the Jardin du Roi. This prob­ for food either in England or in F rance. ably refers to the "Ranunculi facie As a "wild food," its fruit was eaten planta peregrina, AIW.podophyllon Can­ by abori gines, and by travelers and ade l ~s e Morini," in the "Hortus regius others in circumstances of scarcity, but pars prior" (Parisii s, 1665, p. 153), I beg to differ with Champlain in re­ prepared under the direction of Denis gard to its flavor, which is generally J oncquet and often credited to him. considered insipid and by some, even But it is understood that it was chiefl y disagreeable. This prevented its be­ compiled by Guy Crescent Fagon coming a popular deli cacy, and it is (1638-1718), a competent botanist who unimportant in the hi story of esculents. was long connected with the Faculte de Medical botany, which furnishes Medecine of Paris, and from about many clues to the history of plants, is 1695 to 1715 di rector of the Jardin du not very helpful on PodoPhyUU.l'/'L. O ne Roi, later called the Jardin des P lantes. of the earliest references to its active The polynomial, "Ranunculi facie plan­ properties 1S Catesby's "Natural His­ ta peregrina, Anapodophyllon hort. tory of Carolina" ( 1731 , v. 1, p. 24) , Morini," first appeared in J oncquet's w hich says the root is an excellent " Hortus, sive Index onomasticus plan­ emetic, whence it is called "ipecacuan­ tarum quas excolebat Parisiis anni ha" by the natives, probably meaning 1658, & 1659" (Parisii s, 1659, p. 108), the colonists, as this name had been and the name Anapodophyllon was un­ applied to several other plants besides doubtedly, and specimens of the plant the Brazilian Ipecacuanha, and could probwbly, communicated to J oncquet not have originated with the Indians. by Pierre Morin himself. It may have Although i.ts medicinal and toxicologi­ been in the royal garden continuously cal qualities are well known among from the time of J oncquet and Morin many North American tribes, its ethno­ down to that of Fagon and Tournefort. botanical lore throws no light on its By the end of the seventeenth cen­ introduction in Europe. tury Podophyllum peltatu11 1/. was fo und It was as a garden flower, and prob­ in a number of places, not only in Lon­ ably hecause of its hardiness, that the don and Cambridge, but also in the May~app l e found favor with plant lov­ botanical gardens of L eiden, Hamburg ers. It was already established in the and Berlin. Its lush Pre-li nnean names, fl ower garden in Paris in 1658. and variously associating it with Ranuncu­ continued to be popular until well lus, DentaTia, Solanum., N,)11np haea, along in t he nineteenth century. Mor- and other fami liar genera, do not offer 176 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Apr., 1952

' ,hl"f {;jOI'~'Y!I('" rtuatdClI." ~41('nlll ' 0'

PlOJt e by Nicolas Robert in tke "Recueil des plantes gmvees par ordre du roi Louis XIV," in the Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris. Tkis co llection of plates is not da.ted, but Robert's drawing was made fr011/1, a plant in th.e Jardin de Blois, or H ort~ts Blesensis, p1'obably between 1650 and 1660. Apr., 1952 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 177

F1' 011lL Christian Mentzel's (( Pinax ... Index n01'11:inw11, plantaru111, universalis" (Be1'oli11i, 1682, plate xi) 178 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Apr., 1952 any clues to the routes of its distribu­ 1660, but the records do not show tion, but they do indicate that it was how early it came there, or the source not received from Paris, where the from which it was received. name Anapodophyllon seems to have It is evident, however, that it came been established, while it was not to the royal garden under the name adopted outside of France, though A ·J1a;podophyllon. Robert's plate was sometime quoted as a synonym. li sted in Seguier's "Bibliotheca botani­ I would like to know how and when ca" ( 1740, p. 161), as "Ano-n.Y11la. the May-apple got into the royal gar­ An.apodophyllon q~~1; b'U.sda1%,)) that is, den of Blois. Although it was known a nameless plant, by some called A11a­ there as Anapodophyllon, it was not podophyllon, but in the "Recueil des associated with Morin. The Cha.teau plantes" it is inscribed"Anapodaphyl ­ de Blois was the seat of the Orleans lon [sic] Ca1WJdense Morini," which family, and sometimes a royal resi­ 'Was the revised name supplied at Paris. dence, but I have been unaJble to find Morison first listed it in his "Hortus anything about the establi shment of its regius Blesensis" (1669, p. 66) , as garden. Marie de Medici, mother of "De'n.tGlria 11W11

U A nas, cQtnard, oye sauvage," and the lon is still to be found by some ethno­ Greek words for foot and leaf; that is botanist or linguist. to say, a plant the leaf of which resem­ All we reaUy know is that Samuel bles the foot of the wild duck. Tourne­ de Champlain was the first European fort's word "oye," often used for the to see and describe this plant in Cana­ goose, nevertheless applies to the whole da, and that it was long afterwards duck tribe, and I believe ,his emphasis fOUlld in France as a Canadian plant, on "sauvage" or "wild" derived from while it was probably introduced in a tradition of an aboriginal name. Vve England from the settlements of "Vir­ have seen that ,the May-apple was in ginia." The present writer believes it the royal garden in the time of Jonc­ was established and considerably dis­ quet, who undoubtedly had it from tributed in France under the name Morin himself, and some note of the Anapodophyllon before this was pub­ origin of the plant may have been pre­ lished by Morin .in 1658, and in spite served either in connection with the of Tournefort's statement and J onc­ garden cultures or herbarium material quet's attribution, the name may not available to Tournefort. have originated with Pierre Morin, but A long search in literature and in­ with some earlier botanist. quiry among authorities on ethnobot­ Podophyllum, peltatum has been of­ any have failed to discover any old ver­ ten and beautifully pictured, and one nacular equivalent of " duck's foot leaf" of the ·finest plates is that of Christian in Canada, where, if "pied de canard" Mentzel, in his "Pinax . .. Index nom­ is sometimes found, it is likely to have inu111 plahtarum universalis" (Bero- 180 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Apr., 1952 lini, 1682, pI. xi) , under the name, umbrellas from the margin of the " Acollitifolia humitis, fl ore albo unico woods into open pastures or adjoining campanulato, fructu Cynosbati." This fields. This aggressive behavior is not shows the way in which the plant endeari ng to the farmer, but the sturdi­ pushes its way forward with its creep­ ness and audacity that make this plant ing rootstocks, but no picture and per­ conspicuous throughout much of its haps no garden specimen can quite wide distribution, as well as the decora­ convey the challenge of a gallant troop tive quality of its leaves, may well have of May-apples, advancing under their made it popular in French gardens.

Daylily Variety Trials in Puerto Rico

HAROLD F. WINTERS

Practically every dwelling, large or fl ower varieties which can be grown in small, in rural P uerto Rico has a front these different climates vary consider­ yard or patio fl ower garden and there ably. are a fair number of "aficionados" "vho The Tawny Daylily, H e11lLeYocaths cultivate some special fl ower such as fulva Linn., is seen occasionally in gar­ the orchi d, begonia, hibiscus, rose, or dens at all elevations but apparently amarylli s. Many of the fl ower varieties does best above 1,000 feet elevation. now cultivated here come from tem­ Until the trials reported here were perate climates, but may have origi­ started the author had never seen the nated in ,the Tropics. Most gardens hybrid varieties in Puerto Ri,co which are planted informally with as many have become so popular with gardeners varieties as possible mixed in the small in the continental United States. All plots. of the plants used in these trials were The cl imate of the islani:ls vari es from supplied by M iss E leanor Hill of Tul­ the tropical marine climate of the sa, Oklahoma. north, east, and west coasts to the arid In August 1946, the following day­ south coast. A central co rdillera which lily varieties were received and planted reaches to 4,400 feet elevati on runs the in heavy clay soil at Mayaguez, which length of the island east and west. Here is near sea level : A laddin, August Pio­ the air is always cool and moisture neer, Boutonniere, Brown-eyed Susan, abundant throughout most of the year. Brunette, Burning Star, Chengtu, Although frost has never been reported, Chisca, Fulva Rosea, Linda, Matador, temperatures in the mountains some­ Minnie, Mrs. vv. H. Wyman, Sweet­ times drop to the lower 40's during briar, Theron, Triumph, Wau-bun, and the dry season, January to May. For Zouave. The location was well drained, A ibonito, at 2,000 feet elevation, the sheltered by trees and shrubs from 0 mean annual temperature is 71 F. The strong winds, but sunny until mid­ mean annual temperature fo r Maya­ afternoon. The plants were strong guez is 77 ° F ., and about 50 variation divisions or offshoots which were ma­ between summer and winter. The ture when dug for shipment. All of Horticulturist, Federal Experim ent Station, the vari eties survived the trip and pro­ Office of Experim ent Stations, U. S. ' D epartment of Agriculture, Ma yaguez, Puerto Rico. duced new leaf growth ; two varieties Apr., 1952 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZI NE 181

Ju.a1'ez vOJYiety of d(J)ylily bloo11'bing d~wing F ebnmry. Afte1' beco111,ing established S011'be varieti-es bloo11'Led ahnost every 11'h011-th d~wing the year. bloomed soon after they were planted, ing in the initial planting at Mayaguez Aladdin in September and Theron in were moved to a location with loamy October 1946. Subsequently this plant clay soil in the mountains at 3,000 feet of Aladdin died. The plant of Theron elevation. Included in the same plant­ survived but has not bloomed again. ing were 49 additional varieties and Most of the varieties retained their replacements. These plants had been fo liage during the 1946-47 dry season, potted in No. 10 tin cans and held at probably because they had passed Mayaguez for several weeks while the through an enforced dormancy when new site was prepared in the moun­ dried for shipment, although in some tains. varieties foliage was weak. None of the One plant each of five varieties was plants fl owered during 1947 nor dur­ added to the new planting in N ovem­ ing 1948 up until June when the sur­ ber 1949, making a total of 67 varieti es vivors were dug for transplanting to which were tested at this location as the mountain area. Several varieties follows: went completely dormant during the winter dry season of 1947-48, and Planted hme 1948 Aladdin, Brunette, Fulva Rosea, Min­ Aladdin-6,l M2 nie, and Zouave died. A ll surviving plants were considerably weaker than IFlowering rated by number of stalks pro­ duced in May and June 1949. when received. 2Foliage rated as weak, medium, or vigor­ In June 1948 the 13 vari eties remain- ous. 182 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Apr., 1952

Araby-7, :\1 Seedling No. 18 (Hill )-l , M A ugust Pioneer-\'" Stalwart-M Baronet-14, V Starlight-3, V B. H. Farr-3, V Sweetbriar-l , M Bijou-l, 1\1 Theron-W Black Cherry-I, M T he Sul tan-I, M Black Falcon-:\{ Triu111ph-8, M Boutonniere-'vV U nidenti'fied yell ow (Farr)-lO, V Brown-eyed Susan-32, M V ictory Taierchwang~V Burning Star-V" \"'au-bun-6, £,11 Caballero-3, V Wekiwa-3, M Chengtu-M Wolof-l , V Chi sca-8, M Zouave-I, M Criteri on-8, V Pl(1J/,~ted N av. 1949 Dawn Play-I, lVl Doeskin-M Blackburnian Dolly Varden-I, W Firefly Dominion-\'" Firethorn Duchess of W indsor-3, M Minnie Emberglow-3, M Potentate Geronimo-8, M Gypsy-2, V Growth response was immediate and Honey Redhead-W the vigor of the plants at the new loca­ Iris Perry-I, \'" tion in the mountains was striking. J ean-I, M F lowering was sparse for the first 10 Juarez-12, V months. Varieties which bloomed dur­ Kwanso Virginica-l , M ing' this time were: Aladdin, Baronet, Linda-2, M Brown-eyed Susan, Dolly Varden, Lustrous-2, W Dominion, Emberglow, Lustrous, Mi­ Matador-M kado, Mrs. Hugh Johnson, Pink Mignon-\iV Charm, Starlight, Unidentified yellow Mikado-12, M (Farr ), Wau-bun, and Zouave. Minor-W By May and June 1949, fl owering Morocco Red-M was general and the test plot was a riot Mrs. Hugh J ohnson-\iV of color. The number of flower scapes M rs. J. J. Tigert-W per dump at that time was counted as Mrs. W. H . Wyman-5, M a measure of profusion of bloom. This Multiflora Summer Hybrids--W number is given after the variety names Nebraska-M in the preceding li st of varieties Ophir-W planted. An indication of foliage vigor Persian Princess-\ iV is also given by the letters (V) vigor­ Pink Charm-2, V ous, (M) medium, and (W) weak fol­ Porcelain Pink-I, M lowing the variety name. A few varie­ Port-2, V.,T ties which were not in bloom at the Rajah-M tim e the above count was made may be Redbird-M of value because of persistent fl ower­ Royalty-2, W ing. This everblooming tendency is Sachem-2, M much more pronounced here than in Apr., 1952 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 183

S0111e daylily var1:et-i es produce aerial plal'ltlets frolll axillar'), buds on the flo wer scape. Note the roots on the plal1tlet at the 1'ight w hich has been prepared for pla.nt'ing directly 11'1 the grOll1ld. 184 THE I ATIONAL HORTICULTURAL IvIAGAZINE Apr., 1952 the States and some yarieties were unsatisfactory. These either fai led to found in flower almost every month in fl ower or flowered only once during the the year. These varieties are usuall y 2-year period: the ones which show medium to vigor­ August Pioneer Morocco Red ous fo liage growth and no tendency to Black Falcon Mrs. J. J . Tigert go dormant. The greatest show of Burning Star Multiflora Sum- bloom comes from May to July as in Chengtu mer Hybrids the continental United States. A clump Dominion Ophir of the variety Juarez fl owering during Honey Redhead Persian Princess the month of February is shown on Iris Perry Rajah Page 181. In general, fl ower color is Mignon Theron not so intense as in the same variety Minor grown in Oklahoma. This may be due The varieties which became entirely to lack of sunlight. Summer days are dormant during the short dry seasons shorter here and cloudy weather more which occur from February to May at common. this elevation were: August Pioneer, The varieties whi·ch have performed Dolly Varden, Firefly, Honey Red­ best and which can be recommended head, Iris Perry, J ean, Lustrous, Mig­ for planting at elevations above 1,000 non, Minor, M ultiflora Summer Hy­ feet in Puerto Rico are as fo ll ows: brids, Persian Princess, Royalty, Seed­ Aladdin ' Mikado ling No. 18, and Theron. Most of these Araby M rs. W. H. Wy- varieties do not break dormancy easily Baronet man but after a good rain may send up B. H. Farr Pink Charm naked fl ower scapes and bloom before Brown-eyed Porcelain Pink any new foliage is produced. This has Susan Redbird been observed in the varieties Dolly Caballero Sachem Varden, Lustrous, and Royalty. Some Chisca Starlight of the others produce fl ower scapes Criterion The Sultan simultaneously w ith the new foliage. D uchess of Wind- Triumph N one of these varieties is considered sor Unidenhfied yel- suitable for planting in Puerto Rico. Emberglow low (Farr) They have been generally shy bloomers Geronimo \ i\T au-bun and leave the ground bare for several Gypsy lATekiwa months at a time when dormant. This Juarez Wolof is an important consideration in Puerto Linda Zouave Rico where gardening is a year-around Some of them might perform satisfac­ activity. torily at lower elevations if planted in A type of vegetative apomixis was a well-drained, moist, shaded location. noticed in some of the plants. This In selecting these varieties considera­ tendency to produce aerial plantlets tion was given to profusion and per­ upon the flower stems was especially sistence of bloom, vigor of the plant, pronounced in the fo llowing varieties: and to whether or not foliage remains Black Cherry F irethorn evergreen. Personal preference was Chengtu Juarez not a consideration and no attempt wi ll Criterion Linda be made to describe the fl owers. Duchess of Wind- Morocco Red Several varieties were particularly sor Redbird Apr., 1952 THE NATIO AL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 185

Sweetbriar Wolof the varieties Cri terion, Juarez, L in da, Redbird, and Wolof in July and A u­ T he plantlets develop rapidly in the gust 1949 and planted directly in the axils of leafy brads on the lower part ground produced good-sized clumps of the stalk. They usually have roots which bloomed in July 1950. Some and a t:.e ready to plant by the tim e the varieties also were prolific seed pro­ last fl ower fades. P lantlets taken from ducers with insect poll ination.

Rhododendron Notes

CLKMEN T G. BOWERS, Editor

Rhododendron al{J)ba111 ellse Rehder Agriculture. T hey were selected in the This azalea is fig ured because it is wild fo r outstanding habit and fra­ one of the lesser known native decidu­ grance. Since their arrival 1n 1936, the ous species. The natural distribution plants have developed steadily into is rather limited, fo r according to Reh­ dense clumps between three and five der, it is found only in the state from feet tall, thus exceeding the height in which it takes its name, and certainly the wild. Completely hardy in the there has been little opportunity fo r it Washington, D. c., area, their develop­ to appear in cultivati on. ment and fl oriferous habit suggest trial F rom the collecti on of plants of R ho­ farther to the north and wider cultiva­ dodendron alaba!l1f/,ense growing at the tion. Additional comments on the cul­ U. S. P lant Introduction Garden, ture elsewhere would ,be of interest Glenn Dale, Maryland, the clone cho­ and value. sen fo r the accompanying illustration J OH N L. C REECH has compact heads of t hirty or more highly fragrant, white fl owers, remind­ Every year a watch is kept for the ing one of Viburnum, carles-i . Other opportunity of seeing new species of plants in the group have fewer fl owers, azalea. Last autumn there appeared a more in keeping with the prescribed few fl owers, and this spring a goodly number and some of the fl owers are number on plants raised from seed of tinged with pi nk. A ll , however, have a what was supposed to be R hododen­ di stinct yellow blotch on the upper dron rufohoirtu11'l. On fl owering, the middle petal and fl ower in mid-May plants proved to be R. 1·nicrophyton. ·here. For the rest of gardeners let it be re­ This particular series of plants (P. corded here and now, only that the I. No. 196535) was collected near Bes­ plants are straggling as yet, with small semer, Alabama, by C. O. E rlanson for fo liage, and small lavender-tinted pink testing by the U . S. Department of fl owers that make slight show as yet. 18e THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZI NE Apr., 1952

1. L. Creech [See Page 185] Rhododendron alabamense A Book Or Two

ALL ABOUT AFRICAN VIOLETS. Mon­ FLOWERING TREES OF THE CARIBBEAN. tague Free. The American Garden Painted by B,ernard and Harriet Guild and Doubleday and Company, Pertchik. Rinehart and Company, Inc., New York, 1951. 304 pages, Inc., New York, 1951. 125 pages, illustrated in black and white. $3.50. with 29 plates and one extra. $10.00. Even if you think that you already Garden minded northerners have know all there is to be known about long wished they could identify many African Violets, or if you have reached of the flowering plants that they see in the place where even the thought of an Florida and the Caribbean without hav­ African Violet makes you ill, you ing to visit herbaria and such. This should still rush right off and buy this book will not give all the answers but book. The text is a model for all writ­ it certainly is a magnificent beginning. ers on any family group of plants and According to the introduction writ­ the au.thor's program and presentation ten ,by William C. White, the book was include about everything that anyone born from a desire to know the names could imagine. The illustrations are of the flowering trees he saw during his so excellent that they could almost assignment in the late war; it was car­ stand alone without text, so if you are ried out by the financing given through not a reader this book is still the book the Alcoa Steamship Company, guided for you though, of course, some one else and helped by the entire staff of The will have to tell you about it. The color New York Botanical Garden, and pictures, some from color photographs painted on assignment by Bernard and and some from Maude H. Purdy's ex­ Harriet Pertchik who never before had cellent watercolor paintings, should had such a task. One is grateful to each lead to your further downfall. person in the whole undertaking. The only part of the book that in- The plants illustrated are, all of ' terested this reviewer was the section them, highly pictorial and paintable. devoted to Species, pp. 223 to 231, One regrets only the inclusion of the brief enough and not too persuasive. Chinaberry that is only too well known One could have hoped that the offered in the warmer parts of this country species would have diverted some at­ where it is not esteemed in spite of

tention. from the guinea-pigO'ingb oriO'-b what is said of it in the text. The por­ mals, with all their minutiae and vari- trait of Gliricidia is flattering from able charms. Probably not, since un­ what the reviewer has seen of it, and doubtedly the essential charm of the it is not too wonderful a plant. though plant for most gardeners is its unlim­ common enough and one wishes that ited capacity to yield to every conceiv­ some other species of Ba:uhinia. could able method of propagation. When have been shown as Bauhinia var'iegata will one have the courage to name one is too well known in the warmer parts in honor of Margaret Sanger? of this country to need a plate. Such [187] 188 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Apr., 1952 expressions, however, must not go fur­ and weeds. There is no discussion here ther; they are not meant in a carping of plant protection against climatic fac­ spirit, only with the wish that other tors, rarer things had been shown. This book is up-to-date in its pre­ Most of the trees are known to the sentation on the chemicals available for reviewer. He delights in the beauty of the control of insects, diseases and the paintings and the splendid manner weeds, However, the author still ad­ of reproduction. Only one thing needs heres to the old classification of stom­ further observation to make the artists ach, contact and fumigant insecticides, even better than now, namely a more a classi'fication outmoded by the new careful study of the growth of stems synthetic organics: DDT, BRC, TEPP and shoots. As presented they are too and Parathion, rubbery, too plastic in appearance. The illustrations are well chosen, The diagrammatic representation of life ELEMENTS OF PLANT PROTECTION. cycles of insects and disease producing Louis L. Pyenson, Entomologist and organisms is helpful in understanding Plant Pathologist, Long Island Agri­ and emphasizing this information which -cultu ral and Technical Institute. is -basic to all control work. J ohn Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 1951. 548 pages. $4.96. Line If one is looking for specific informa­ drawings by Emily B. Steffens. 226 tion regarding the control of insects, illustrations. diseases and weeds, this is not the book The title of this book is somewhat to consult. The usefulness of this book misleading. The author does not dis­ lies in its lucid and well illustrated ex­ cuss all types of plant protection, he is planati-ons of the fundamentals which only concerned with the principles be­ are basic to an intelligent program of hind protection from insects, disease pest control on plants. producing organisms, animals, birds FRANCIS DE Vos

The Gardener's Pocketbook

Phdodendron sellOU11f/, C. Koch rare 111 the United States and not The plant illustrated on Page 189 was grown in California at the present time. photographed by Mr. David Barry as it (See article and illustration on plants grew in front of a real estate office ill grown in Florida, National Horticul­ West Los Angeles in a full southern tural Magazine, January, 1949. ED.) exposure. Philode11,d'ron SellOU1% has There is a slight bronzing of the foli­ been grown for a long time in Califor­ age with exposure to full sun. This nia under the name of P. bipl:nnatifi­ Philode11,dron has hitherto been very dum, however, all specimens which rare since it had to be propagated have fl owered have characters which vegetatively. In the last two years indicate that it should be referred to about three nurseries have been able as the fo rmer. It has been reported to set seed, The secret seems to be to that P. bipinnatifidu1n is exceedingly have a number of specimens so that the Apr., 1952 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 189

Stan Robinson Philodendron sellou1n flowers wi ll bloom simultaneously. It shrub in North America and is unfor­ is not ordinarily possible to self-polli­ tunately not listed by any American nate from a single flower since the pis­ nurseries this year, although several tils are not receptive at the time the are working up stock of it. This Ko­ pollen is shed. There are now many rean shrub was first introduced into thousands of plants of thi s species in America by the Arnold Arboretum the nurseries, but they still command a from J apan in 1924. Plants grown quite high price. from that original importation of seed This species is remarkable for its are still growing well. It is a rather ability ,to grow outdoors and to with­ open shrub, about five feet tall, of par­ stand temperatures in the low twenties. ticular interest because of i.ts dense It has ,been quite satisfactory in recent clusters of pure white flowers in mid­ cold winters in most of the Los Angeles April (in. New England). (See notes area. The plant is very satisfactory for and illustration, National Horticultural house or interior decoration in its lVlagazine, January, 1950. ED.) younger stages, but left outdoors wi ll The branches arch in a slender fash­ attain a great size, climbing to fifteen ion and the flowers are especially con­ feet and forming many aerial roots. spicuous because they appear so early The plant will grow under rather ad­ in the spring -before the leaves. It is verse soil conditions. It contributes closely related to the F onythia-the greatly to the tropical effect so much flowers being small and more numer­ desired in connection with landscaping ous. of modern architecture. During very cold winters, the flower V. T. STOU T EM YER buds are killed on the plants in the Los Ahgeles, California Arnold Arboretum but when the win­ ters are not severe, the flowers open at A beliophyllu.111/, d1:stich1> f111, Nakai about the same time as those of F01'­ The Korean Abelia-leaf, A beliophyl­ sytlu;a; and make a splendid combina­ ht1% distichul·1'I., is as yet a very rare tion. Further south where extreme low 190 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Apr., 1952 temperatures do not occur so often, in 1887, from material collected on this plant might be a desira

Other Afn' ca l ~ Violets modern counterparts that we know as Although the Editor was permitted Poetaz narcissus. It has a long history to buy stock a little earlier than last in garden literature and it would seem October, he has not yet succeeded in that it must have been brought to this bringing into fl ower suffi ciently well country by the earliest settlers as it is for a portrait, three of the new species widely distributed in gardens in the that have been recently introduced into East and well down into the Deep cultivati on. From the few fl owers that South. have opened as yet, it would appear that As can be seen from the illustration, they are smaller than those of the fa­ its fl owers never open quite fla t but its miliar Sa.intpaulia ionantha and its slightly off-white perianth and its progenies. They are rather more blue creamy yellow cup make a nice con­ lavenders than most which wi ll make trast and its scent makes it a welcome them a welcome addition. It is hoped addition to the spring bouquet whether that by this autumn they will have that warrants the name of "arrange­ grown enough to warrant a picture or ment" or not. two. Meantime notes will be welcome The photograph was made from from members who may ,be growing fl owers sent in by one of our members them, even if they have been well illus­ whose name escapes my memory and trated and shown in Mr. Free's recent of which I have made no mention on and excellent book on The African my fIle print. My apologies are extend­ V iolet. ed. ED.

Crocus, Va·l1.guard Ear ly M ag1wlias This variety l1as been mentioned by Possi.bly because these all came Mr. Bate in other places in the Maga­ through the spring with no frost dam­ zine, but the Editor saw it this last age, they seemed even more wonderful March flowering in Mr. Bate's garden than ever before. The Editor had the in New Jersey and wishes to record opportunity of seeing them in two his own enthusiasm for its most un­ widely separated locations and in each usual form and color. Although the case he was interested to observe how term is far from scientific, to say that rarely t hey were used in general plant­ the lavenders of the segments are both ings, and !how li,ttle garden owners gray and silvery, is about the best col­ seem to have hunted out the variations loquial description that can be given. in color and time of fl owering that may The buds are definitely slender and be had. pointed, and the flowers seem to stand The plants grow remarkably well up under the vicissitudes of spring and, fo r woody plants, sw iftly. Not all weather remarkably well. come quickly into fl owering, but the members of the groups related to M ag­ Narcissus biftorus (Frontispiece) noha de7'H/data and M. lilifiora will fre­ This very old garden plant that is quently fl ower as very small plants. one of the very last of all narcissus to So if one must economize and buy a open ·in the garden, will not often have small plant he need not hesitate with an opportunity of appearing on any the thought that fl owering will be long show table where it would have little deferred. chance of competing with the more The earliest of the colored vari eties 192 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Apr., 1952 to fl ower in the Mississippi garden was the tree, for that is what it is said to p.~wpu, r-ine whi ch has blooms somewhat become, have a nice tinting of pale suggesting the deep bowl-shaped flow­ bronze over them as they unfo ld, that ers of L ennei. The ,color is not too dis­ disappears slowly until it is no more tinct from that of others but at the than a narrow margin, an.d then is time of its fl owering, it has no competi­ gone. tors in the South. As yet our plant of M r. Sawada's All writers and books seem to be new deep rose colored form of M (})g ­ agreed that there is none loveli er than nolia stellata is too small to be expected lVI. d e m~data itself. There is an old to fl ower, but the plants in the nursery plant near the garden in the north, that near Crichton, are a fine lot. The sepals every year bends down its branches to are rather narrow, hut they have a show off its pure milky white fl owers. deep magnolia-red dish-purple on the The new plant i.nthe southern garden outside and a clear rose-pink tone on had no more than three this first year, the inside of each one. It is not a va­ but every day we walked to look into riety to displCl!ce any other but it is one the blooms and sniff the very distinc­ that should .be added to a group plant­ tive scent. Some fine day some one ing of the paler colors to make them must invent as his horticultural con­ seem even clearer and more delicate tribution, a series of not too difficult than they are. words that will pass to identify fl ower N ow that propagation of all these scents. The Magnolias should contrib­ Oriental Magnolias is becoming more ute several. and more abundant, it would be a Mag1 '~olia Ve'itchi was bought in 195 1 splendid idea if some group, whether but this year brought about thirteen gardelJ club or otherwise would under­ fl owers through to perfection. Here take a highway planting, to add won­ again, one has a very di stinctive fl ower der to it all. They would come well be­ perfume, one unlike auy of the M ag­ fore dogwoods and in the South where nolia scents known to the writer. Its J apanese cherries are difficult or re­ fl owers were a charming clear pinky fuse entirely they would make the ear­ white deepest at the base of the sepals, liest display from small trees. If clev­ but not too distinct from the same sort erly combined, there, with selected of coloring that appears in some of the forms of crape myrtle, they would as­ SO'/A,langea'l1a hybrids. The leaves of sure two great fl owerings each year. The American Horticultural Society

I NVITES to membership all persons who are interested in the develop­ ment of a great national society that shall serve as an ever growing center for the dissemination of the common knowledge of the members. There is no requirement for membership other than this and no reward beyond a share in the development of the organization. For its members the society publishes THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE, at the present time a quarterly of increasing importance among the horticultural publications of the day and destined to fill an even larger role as the society grows. It is issued for the months of January, April, July and October and is written by and for members. Under the present organi­ zation of the society with special committees appointed for the furthering of special plant projects the members will receive advance material on narcissus, tulips, lilies, rock garden plants, conifers, nuts, and rhododendrons. Mem­ bership in the society, therefore, brings one the advantages of membership in many societies. In addition to these special projects, the usual garden subjects are covered and particular attention is paid to new or little known plants that are not commonly described elsewhere. The American Horticultural Society invites not only personal member­ ships but afliliations with horticultural societies and clubs. To such it offers some special inducements in memberships. Memberships are by the calendar year. The Annual Meeting of the Society is held in Washington, D. C. Mem-. bers are invited to attend the special lectures that are given from time to time. The annual dues are five dollars the year, payable in advance; life membership is one hundred dollars; inquiry as to affiliation should be ad­ dressed to the Secretary, The American Horticultural Society, Inc., 1600 Bladensburg Road, N.B., Washington 2, D. C.