Executive Summary

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The objective of this study was to examine the economic benefits of Oregon Inlet navigability to Dare County, North Carolina and the surrounding region, including northeastern North Carolina and southeastern Virginia. This study involved a thorough literature review and data collection effort, on-site interviews with individuals knowledgeable of inlet usage and related economic impacts, and detailed economic modeling and analyses. Various economic sectors were considered in the economic analyses including:

Commercial Fishing Seafood Packing/Processing Boat Building and Support Services Oregon Inlet Dependent Recreational Fishing and Tourism

For each benefit category listed above, several measures of economic benefits were calculated:

Employment Economic output / business activity Wages/salaries/sole proprietor income/partnership income Rental income and corporation income Government tax and fee revenues

For each of the economic benefit measures listed above, benefits are sub-divided into several sub-categories:

Direct Impacts (the direct benefits of the activity itself) Indirect Impacts (the benefits associated with business activities supporting the direct activity) Induced Impacts (benefits associated with additional household spending by employees and business owners who receive additional wages and profits due to the direct and indirect impacts) Total Impacts (the total of the direct, indirect, and induced impacts)

Together, the indirect and induced impacts are known as economic multiplier effects . Multiplier effects track the trickle down effect of direct impact activities in the regional economy. These economic impacts were calculated using the widely accepted IMPLAN model utilizing results from the field interviews and published data.

Commercial Fishing Oregon Inlet is considered one of the most commercially vital inlets along coastal North Carolina with fishermen from the communities of Wanchese, Manteo, Manns Harbor, and Stumpy Point in Dare County and communities in other coastal counties (e.g. Hyde, Pamlico)

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT using the inlet. The commercial fishing industry has seen a decline in the region over the past 30-40 years due to several factors, which includes the declining condition of Oregon Inlet. It was noted that in the 1960s there were approximately 40-50 different commercial seafood businesses in Dare County. However, presently there are approximately only 10-20.

Present day commercial boats are significantly larger than those used historically. Due to shallow and dangerous inlet conditions, fewer fishermen choose to operate through Oregon Inlet. Potential trips are frequently lost or shortened due to dangerous inlet conditions, resulting in reduced catch. Also, shallow draft conditions force commercial boats to lighten tonnage so that they can pass through the inlet safely. If the navigability of Oregon Inlet is not maintained, the field interview results indicate that most commercial fishing vessels would choose to remain in the fishing business but would relocate their fishing operations to other ports, most likely located in Virginia.

Commercial fishing provides a total annual economic benefit of 90 jobs and $7.2 million to Dare County and the surrounding region.

Seafood Packing & Processing A number of support businesses have located in Dare County to service and supply the commercial fishing vessels. Once fish are landed, seafood packing and processing businesses prepare the catch for market. In fact, several commercial fishermen also have packing and processing operations within their businesses. All of these activities generate jobs, wages, and profits for local workers and business owners, as well as tax revenues to support local government services. It is assumed that if Oregon Inlet is closed, Oregon Inlet dependent fishery landings would be lost.

Seafood packing and processing provides a total annual economic benefit of 238 jobs and $33.4 million to Dare County and the surrounding region through Oregon Inlet dependent landings.

Boat Building & Support Services The boat building business has a significant impact on the Dare County economy. Boat building businesses represented seven of the top ten manufacturing employers in Dare County in 2005, accounting for approximately 500 of the 800 manufacturing jobs in the County (NCESC, 2005). An additional 88 business located in northeastern NC counties provide marine-related supplies and direct support services to the boat building and boatyard industries (NCwaterways.com). The boat building sector supports directly or indirectly supports about 5% (956 jobs) of off season county employment. An estimated 266 additional jobs are supported in surrounding counties within the region.

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT uniquely rough waters offshore. Based on the field interviews, if Oregon Inlet were to close, all of these businesses would be greatly affected and many would close.

Boat building and support services provide a total annual economic benefit of 1,235 jobs and $139.8 million to Dare County and the surrounding region.

Oregon Inlet Dependent Recreational Fishing & Tourism The area offshore of the northern Outer Banks is considered one of the prime sportfishing regions along the East Coast due to its close proximity to the Gulf Stream and extended seasons of abundant fishing opportunities (e.g. marlin, tuna). The recreational sport fishery is vast and varied, including large headboat recreational fishing vessels, smaller for-hire charter fishing vessels, and private fishing boats.

In addition to general recreational fishing, sportfishing tournaments are thriving in the Oregon Inlet region. Approximately 14 known tournaments take place annually in the County originating mainly at Pirates Cove marina, in Manteo or at various locations in Hatteras Village. In summary, more than 500 boats annually are expected to participate in sportfishing tournaments dependent on passage through Oregon Inlet. These tournaments draw significant economic benefits to the County ranging from expenditures on fishing gear, lodging, food, retail to custom boat sales, marine maintenance, and/or boat storage. These recreational fishing activities generate additional economic benefits for the region, in particular for the tourism industry. A significant number of jobs in the tourism industry are related to sport fishing, which is dependent on the inlet for access to the ocean fishing grounds which contain the fish species prized by sport fishermen.

Oregon Inlet dependent recreational fishing and tourism provide a total annual economic benefit of 8,288 jobs and $502.3 million to Dare County and the surrounding region. In addition to these benefits, a consumer surplus benefit of $8 -$12 million dollars was also estimated.

Overall Summary of Economic Benefits The economic benefit of Oregon Inlet to Dare County and the surrounding region is very significant and far outweighs the costs necessary to keep the inlet passable through dredging. In fact, the economic benefit to the Federal Government alone is more than 6 times the recent annual expenditures for dredging. The following table shows the overall total annual economic benefit of Oregon Inlet to Dare County and the surrounding region.

iii

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

Boat Seafood Recreational Impact Commercial Building & Packing & Fishing & Total Impact Category Fishing Support Processing Tourism Services Output1 $7,152,357 $33,425,367 $139,841,563 $502,286,350 $682,705,637 Employment2 90 238 1,235 8,288 9,851 Wages/Salaries/ Proprietor $2,720,657 $7,112,340 $45,669,308 $209,700,831 $265,203,136 Profits3 Rent/Corp $1,344,828 $1,384,746 $22,434,526 $69,375,235 $94,539,335 Profits4 Fed Govt5 $895,555 $2,149,376 $7,441,012 $34,978,165 $45,464,108 State/Local $488,250 $890,092 $4,806,248 $37,460,831 $43,645,421 Govt5 1 Output/Business Activity Impacts (2005 $ s). 2All jobs, full-time and part-time. 3 Wages/Salaries/Sole Proprietorship/Partnership Income Impacts (2005 $ s). 4 Rental Income and Corporation Income Impacts (2005 $ s). 5 Government Tax and Fee Revenue Impacts (2005 $ s).

The four study sectors combined provide a total annual economic benefit of 9,851 jobs and $682.7 million to Dare County and the surrounding region.

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

TABLE OF CONTENTS Commercial Fishing ...... i Seafood Packing & Processing...... ii Boat Building & Support Services ...... ii Oregon Inlet Dependent Recreational Fishing & Tourism ...... iii Overall Summary of Economic Benefits...... iii I. INTRODUCTION AND STUDY OVERVIEW ...... 1 Introduction ...... 1 Study Area and Economic Setting...... 1 Study Objective ...... 3 II. STUDY METHODOLOGY ...... 5 Data Collection & Literature Review...... 5 Field Interviews...... 5 Economic Analysis Methods...... 6 III. PREVIOUS ECONOMIC STUDIES ...... 11 Previous Studies Related To Oregon Inlet ...... 11 Other/Regional Economic Studies ...... 12 Economic Study of Wanchese Seafood Industrial Park (2005)...... 12 Economic Study of Pirate s Cove Big Game Tournaments (1999) ...... 12 Economic Study of Offshore Recreational Fishing Region (2002) ...... 13 Tourism Studies...... 14 Outer Banks Visitors Bureau Wave Studies (2006) ...... 14 Dare County Transient Boating Study (1995)...... 15 Summary ...... 15 IV. COMMERCIAL FISHING ...... 17 Commercial Fishing Interviews ...... 17 Economic Modeling & Results Commercial Fishing...... 18 Commercial Fishing Revenues, Costs, and Returns...... 20 IMPLAN Modeling Analysis...... 26 Economic Impacts Summary ...... 30 V. SEAFOOD PACKING & PROCESSING ...... 33 Economic Modeling & Results Seafood Processing & Packing...... 33 IMPLAN Modeling Analysis...... 33 Economic Impacts Summary ...... 35 VI. BOAT BUILDING & SUPPORT SERVICES ...... 37 Boat Building & Support Services Interviews ...... 37 Economic Modeling & Results Boat-Building & Support Service Industries...... 38 IMPLAN Modeling Analysis...... 38

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

Economic Impacts Summary ...... 40 VII. OREGON INLET DEPENDENT RECREATIONAL FISHING & TOURISM . 43 Recreational Fishing & Tourism Interviews ...... 43 Economic Modeling & Results Oregon Inlet Dependent Recreational Fishing & Tourism ...... 45 Oregon Inlet Dependent Recreational Fishing Trips and Expenditures...... 46 Charter and Sportfishing Fishing Industry Revenues, Costs, and Income ...... 50 IMPLAN Modeling Analysis...... 52 Economic Impacts Summary ...... 53 Consumer Surplus ...... 56 VIII. STUDY FINDINGS...... 63 Commercial Fishing ...... 63 Seafood Packing & Processing...... 63 Boat Building & Support Services ...... 64 Oregon Inlet Dependent Recreational Fishing & Tourism ...... 64 Overall Summary of Economic Benefits...... 65 IX. REFERENCES ...... 67

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure I-1. Location Map ...... 2 Figure II-1. Field Interview Locations ...... 6 Figure IV-1. Nominal Value of North Carolina Commercial Fishery Landings Dependent on Oregon Inlet, 1994-2005 ...... 19 Figure VI-1. NC and VA Counties Included in Economic Analysis of Boat-Building Sector39

LIST OF TABLES

Table III-1. Statistics from Economic Study of Pirates Cove Big Game Tournaments (Ditton, 1999)...... 13 Table III-2. Outer Banks Visitor Profile Findings ...... 15 Table IV-1. Ex-vessel Value of North Carolina Commercial Fishery Landings Dependent on Oregon Inlet, 1994-2005 ...... 18 Table IV-2. Average Revenues, Costs, and Returns per Trawl Vessel (2005 $ s) ...... 22 Table IV-3. Average Revenues, Costs, and Returns per Scallop Vessel (2005 $ s)...... 23 Table IV-4. Value of Scallops Landed in Oregon Inlet-Dependent Ports, 1994-2004 ...... 24 Table IV-5. Annual Oregon Inlet-Dependent Trawl Vessel Fleet Revenues, Costs, and Returns...... 25 Table IV-6. Annual Oregon Inlet-Dependent Scallop Vessel Fleet Revenues, Costs, and Returns...... 25 Table IV-7. Annual Oregon Inlet-Dependent Total Fleet (Trawl and Scallop Combined) Revenues, Costs, and Returns ...... 26

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

Table IV-8. Annual Oregon Inlet-Dependent Commercial Fishing Income, Taxes, Savings, and Disposable Income (2005 $ s)...... 28 Table IV-9. Summary of Oregon Inlet-Dependent Commercial Fishing Economic Impacts. 31 Table V-1. Summary of Oregon Inlet-Dependent Seafood Packing/Processing Economic Impacts ...... 36 Table VI-1. Summary of Oregon Inlet-Dependent Boat Building and Support Services Economic Impacts (Dare County Only)...... 41 Table VI-2. Summary of Oregon Inlet-Dependent Boat Building and Support Services Economic Impacts (Northeastern NC, Including Dare County and Southeastern VA) ...... 42 Table VII-1. Charter and Private/Rental Boat (Per Person) Fishing Trips...... 47 Table VII-2. Per Trip (Per Person) Fishing Expenditures (2004 dollars) ...... 48 Table VII-3. Total Direct Expenditures All Trips (2004 dollars) ...... 48 Table VII-4. Tournament Fisherman Expenditures, Per Tournament (Over Entire Length of Trip), 1999...... 49 Table VII-5. Charter Fishing Industry Revenues, Costs, and Profits...... 50 Table VII-6. Dispersal of Charter Fishing Trips Income ...... 51 Table VII-7. Expenditure Pattern for Charter Fees and Tips Paid By Tournament Fishermen51 Table VII-8. Summary of Oregon Inlet-Dependent Recreational Charter Fishing Economic Impacts (2005 dollars)...... 54 Table VII-9. Summary of Oregon Inlet-Dependent Recreational Private/Rental Fishing Economic Impacts (2005 dollars)...... 55 Table VII-10. Summary of Oregon Inlet-Dependent Recreational Sportfish Tournament Fishing Economic Impacts (2005 dollars)...... 55 Table VII-11. Summary of Oregon Inlet-Dependent Recreational Fishing and Tourism (2005 dollars)...... 55 Table VII-12. Nested Random Utility Model ...... 59 Table VII-13. Aggregate Consumer Surplus...... 60 Table VII-14. Negative Binomial Trip Intensity Model ...... 62 Table VII-15. Predicted Annual Number of Days Fished...... 62 Table VIII-1. Overall Total Economic Benefit of Oregon Inlet to Dare County and the Surrounding Region ...... 66

APPENDICES

APPENDIX A Field Survey Questionnaires and Responses APPENDIX B IMPLAN Modeling Assumptions & Settings APPENDIX C Cost and Earnings Data for Trawl and Dredge Vessels From Prior Studies APPENDIX D IMPLAN Output Tables For Commercial Fisheries APPENDIX E IMPLAN Output Tables For Seafood Packing and Processing APPENDIX F IMPLAN Output Tables For Boat Building and Support Services APPENDIX G List of Dare County Fishing Tournaments and Participant Estimates APPENDIX H IMPLAN Output Tables For Recreational Fishing and Tourism

vii

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

viii

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

I. INTRODUCTION AND STUDY OVERVIEW

Introduction This report was prepared for the Dare County Oregon Inlet and Waterways Commission and details the final results of a study examining benefits of Oregon Inlet to the economy of Dare County, North Carolina, and the surrounding region. This study was commissioned in December 2005, with the expectation that the economic findings could be used to assist lobbying efforts for inlet dredging on both state and national levels.

The Oregon Inlet and Waterways Commission was formed in 1983 by the Dare County Board of Commissioners and oversees county dredging projects and waterway related issues. The primary objective of the Commission is to promote efforts for the stabilization of Oregon Inlet. Additionally, the Commission monitors other waterways in the County and recommends necessary dredging, maintains public boat ramps and no wake zones, and lastly administers local dredging projects.

Dredging is vital to the maintenance of transportation routes through state waterways and for providing safe, reliable access to the Atlantic Ocean along the coast. Without the clearing of shoals from navigation channels by dredging, mariners would face serious problems in navigation along the North Carolina coast. Authorized shallow draft navigation channels in North Carolina include many inlets and inlet crossings (including Oregon Inlet), sound and river channels, the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway (AIWW), and numerous small harbors. While the duty and cost of maintaining these shallow draft waterways has traditionally been undertaken by the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) as part of the maintenance of federal channels, it is becoming apparent that the funding for such efforts is declining. In fact, over the last two years, initial federal budgets have had little to no funding allotted to shallow draft navigation projects, including Oregon Inlet.

Study Area and Economic Setting Dare County is located in northeastern North Carolina along the Atlantic seaboard. The County contains much of North Carolina s island Outer Banks beach resort and vacation area. Although the County covers 800 square miles, only 391 square miles is land; the remainder is bay, waterway and estuary. Of the County s 250,200 acres, only a small proportion, approximately 16,000 acres, located primarily on Bodie Island, Pea Island and Roanoke Island (situated just behind the Outer Banks islands), are available for development. The County has no rail service, no interstate highway service, and only a small regional airport providing general aviation service (the closest airport providing commercial air service is Norfolk (Virginia) International Airport, approximately 100 miles away). These factors limit the ability of the region to attract general industry and employers who do not require access to beaches or the ocean. It is not surprising that coastal recreation and tourism is the leading service industry in the region, and boat building is the leading manufacturing industry.

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

Dare County s permanent resident population was estimated at 35,000 in 2005 (NCESC, 2005). In the summer tourist season, the population swells to an estimated 150,000 to 250,000 (Dare County, 2005). County unemployment is usually very low (typically 2.5%) during the summer tourist season but is much higher in the winter season (typically 10%) (NCESC, 2005). Employment in the winter season was 19,771 in December 2005. Because Oregon Inlet-dependent commercial fishing occurs primarily in the winter season, and boat building is a year-round business, these industries are very important regional employers in the winter off season.

Oregon Inlet was formed in 1846 and is the only barrier island break in the northern part of the Outer Banks (~100 miles of coastline), providing access to boats between the Atlantic Ocean and the Albemarle-Pamlico Sound (Figure I-1). Many marine-related sectors help to build the economy of Dare County and, in doing so, rely on safe and navigable passage through Oregon Inlet.

Figure I-1. Location Map Oregon Inlet is considered one of the most commercially vital inlets along coastal North Carolina. Commercial fishermen from the communities of Wanchese, Manteo, Manns

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

Harbor, and Stumpy Point in Dare County and communities in other coastal counties (e.g. Hyde, Pamlico) have been using Oregon Inlet for generations to access the rich fishing grounds off the coast of the Outer Banks. In addition to the commercial fishing operations, a number of support businesses have located in the county to service and supply the commercial fishing vessels. Once the fish are landed, seafood packing and processing businesses prepare the catch for market. All of these activities generate jobs, wages, and profits for local workers and business owners, as well as tax revenues to support local government services. Along with commercial traffic, Oregon Inlet receives significant boat traffic from recreational boaters who are drawn to the region s unique and abundant sportfishing opportunities including world renown fishing tournaments. The recreational sport fishery is vast and varied, including large headboat recreational fishing vessels, smaller for-hire charter fishing vessels, and private fishing boats. Many tourists who visit the beaches on the Outer Banks islands of Dare County include a recreational fishing trip through Oregon Inlet on their vacation itinerary. Dare County also hosts world famous sport fishing tournaments that draw still more visitors to the region. These recreational fishing activities generate additional economic benefits for the region.

The recreation and tourism industry was the largest provider of service jobs in Dare County in 2005, providing approximately 5,000 of 17,500 service jobs in the county (NCESC, 2005). Although many of these jobs are related to beach tourism and recreation, which is not dependent on Oregon Inlet navigability, a significant number of jobs in the industry are related to sport fishing, which is dependent on the inlet for access to the ocean fishing grounds which contain the fish species prized by sport fishermen.

There were a total of approximately 800 manufacturing jobs in Dare County in 2005 (NCESC, 2005). The average weekly wage of manufacturing jobs in Dare County ($582 per week) is significantly higher than the mean weekly wage in the County ($456 per week) (NCESC, 2005). Boat building businesses represented seven of the top ten manufacturing employers in the County in 2005 (NCESC, 2005). This region boasts the birthplace of Carolina Style boat building, a style which originated to withstand the incomparable Oregon Inlet waters and rough seas offshore of Bodie and Pea Islands. Numerous local boat builders are directly dependent on Oregon Inlet, as the valuable reputation of the boats for strength and durability is maintained by continuous research and testing in the uniquely-rough waters offshore. These boat builders provide jobs and purchase supplies from local and regional marine supply businesses.

Study Objective The objective of this study was to examine the economic benefits of Oregon Inlet navigability to Dare County, North Carolina and the surrounding region, including northeastern North Carolina and southeastern Virginia. This study involved a thorough literature review and data collection effort, on-site interviews with individuals knowledgeable of inlet usage and related economic impacts, and detailed economic modeling and analyses. Various economic sectors including commercial fishing, recreational fishing, marine trades industries, and tourism industries were considered in the economic analyses. The economic modeling and analyses

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT organized economic sectors to appropriately reflect inter-connected economic groups. For example, tourism impacts were considered as those derived from recreational sport-fishing dependent on Oregon Inlet. Following a discussion of methodologies (Chapter II) and previous related studies (Chapter III), subsequent chapters will present economic analyses and associated data for the following sectors:

Commercial Fishing Seafood Packing/Processing Boat Building and Support Services Oregon Inlet Dependent Recreational Fishing and Tourism

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

II. STUDY METHODOLOGY This study involved a thorough literature review and data collection effort, on-site interviews with individuals knowledgeable of inlet usage and related economic impacts, and detailed economic modeling and analyses. The following details the methodologies employed in each portion of this study.

Data Collection & Literature Review A thorough data and literature review was conducted to identify existing data and reports describing the economic benefit of Oregon Inlet to Dare County. Many historical economic studies of Oregon Inlet have been completed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), Dare County, and others. In a recent study completed in December 2005, Moffatt & Nichol (M&N) evaluated the economic benefit of NC s shallow draft navigation channels to the State. For this study, extensive data and information was obtained for five key economic sectors, namely commercial fishing, recreational fishing/boating, marine trades, tourism, and commercial shipping. Previous studies are summarized in Chapter III, and data obtained and utilized in the economic analyses are presented in subsequent chapters for each economic sector analyzed.

Field Interviews As part of the extensive data collection effort, field surveys and interviews were conducted with individuals knowledgeable of the economic significance of Oregon Inlet to the County or region. An initial list of interview contacts was made following the project kickoff meeting, through coordination with Commission members and others involved on this study. Contacts were provided for key economic sectors and included commercial fishermen, boat-builders, charter boat captains, marina operators, other business officers and local tourism offices. Survey questionnaires were developed for various sectors seeking to obtain information on inlet usage and related economic indicators (e.g. sales, expenditures). All questionnaires and interview responses are included in Appendix A.

The field interviews attempted to cover a large geographic area, to develop a better understanding of inlet usage from various geographic regions. Figure II-1 shows the general locations where field interviews were conducted. Along with providing modeling assumptions and supporting existing data used in the economic analyses, the field interviews were used to gain personal insight and perspective on how the declining condition of Oregon Inlet has impacted individuals and businesses and the expected repercussions of potential inlet closure. Information and insight gained from these interviews are discussed in subsequent chapters for each economic sector analyzed.

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

Figure II-1. Field Interview Locations

Economic Analysis Methods The following describes methodologies and assumptions employed in the economic benefit modeling and analyses. As discussed previously, for the purposes of the economic benefits analysis, the economic benefits associated with Oregon Inlet navigability were classified into the following categories:

Commercial Fishing and Support Services (fuel, nets, repair, dry dock, etc.) Seafood Packing/Processing and Support Services Boat Building and Support Services Oregon Inlet Dependent Recreational Fishing (including tournament fishing) and Support Services (lodging, food service, fuel, etc.)

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

For each benefit category listed above, several measures of economic benefits were calculated:

Employment Economic output / business activity Wages/salaries/sole proprietor income/partnership income Rental income and corporation income Government tax and fee revenues

For each of the economic benefit measures listed above, benefits are sub-divided into several sub-categories:

Together, the indirect and induced impacts are known as economic multiplier effects . Multiplier effects track the trickle down effect of direct impact activities in the regional economy. Multiplier effects are calculated using the widely accepted industry standard economic input-output model methodology.

Input-output analysis is commonly used by economists to estimate economic multiplier effects. Input-output analysis is an economic modeling methodology used to estimate the full economic impacts of a given, initial change in spending in a regional economy. Input-output analysis tracks the flow of dollars between and among businesses, consumers, workers, and government agencies in a study region. (See Miller and Blair (1985) for additional information on input-output analysis.)

IMPLAN Professional® Input-Output Analysis computer software (Minnesota IMPLAN Group, Inc. 2005) was used in this study to conduct the input-output analysis. IMPLAN is a leading input-output modeling software package used by university researchers, government agencies, and consultants nationwide. The IMPLAN software tracks over five hundred industry sectors, and local, state and Federal government sectors, on a county-by-county basis. Appendix B contains additional information on the IMPLAN model and the model settings used in this study.

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

Five types of economic impacts are considered within IMPLAN:

(1) changes in employment, (2) changes in economic output / business activity, (3) changes in workers wages, salaries, and benefits, and small business (sole proprietorship and partnership) income/profits, (4) changes in rents and corporate profits, and (5) changes in government tax receipts at the Federal, State and local levels.

Employment results are reported as total number of jobs supported, including both full-time and part-time jobs (the data are not sufficient to distinguish full-time from part-time jobs).

Within the IMPLAN economic model, federal, state, and local tax benefits are accounted for. Federal tax benefits within the model include; Social Security taxes, income taxes, corporate profit taxes, and other indirect business taxes. Local and State taxes within the model include; Social Security taxes, income taxes, property taxes, sales taxes, motor vehicle licenses and fees, corporate profit taxes, and other indirect business taxes. Results for economic impact categories (2)-(5) are reported on an annual basis.

Each of the five types of economic impacts listed above is composed of three components:

(i) the direct impact component, (ii) the indirect impact component, and (iii) the induced impact component.

The direct impact component measures the immediate impacts of an initial change in the economy, for example, a decrease in sales by a particular industry, or an increase in employment. The indirect impact component measures the economic ripple effects on industries that supply/service the directly-impacted industries. The induced impact component measures household spending feedback effects which are changes in household spending by the employees and owners of the businesses affected by the direct and indirect impacts. Together, the indirect and induced impacts are often called economic multiplier effects . The term total economic impact refers to the total of the direct, indirect and induced impact components. The impacts reported in this study are total economic impacts , including all multiplier effects.

In addition to the economic impacts described above, another economic benefit calculated by using other methods is the value that recreational sport fishermen receive from the experience of Oregon Inlet-related sport fishing, value beyond what is spent on goods and services needed to make the trip. This value of the sport fishing experience is the difference between what a fisherman would be willing to pay to take the fishing trip and what he actually paid to take the trip. This difference is known as consumer surplus value, because it measures the surplus value consumers receive from an experience beyond what is actually paid for the experience. This value is real and arises in many economic situations. The

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT amount that a sport fisherman would be willing to pay for an Oregon Inlet-related fishing trip is limited by the opportunity to take other, though perhaps less satisfying, substitute trips to alternative fishing destinations. For example, although a sport fisherman might be willing to pay more for an Oregon Inlet-related sport fishing trip, due to the Oregon Inlet sport fishery s unique characteristics, the sport fisherman would not be willing to pay an infinite amount more, due to the availability of substitute fishing opportunities. This study develops an estimate of the loss in consumer surplus value of recreational sportfishing that would occur with the loss of Oregon Inlet navigability.

Following Chapter III, which discusses previous related studies, succeeding chapters of the report provide detailed descriptions of the study methodology and benefit estimate results for the commercial fisheries, seafood packing/processing, marine trades (boat building), and recreational fisheries sectors of the economy using the analysis procedures outlined above.

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

III. PREVIOUS ECONOMIC STUDIES

Previous Studies Related To Oregon Inlet As stated before, numerous studies have evaluated the economic impact of Oregon Inlet to Dare County or other regions. In particular, a majority of historical studies attempted to reconcile complex economic issues related to the proposed navigation channel and jetties, part of a project which was authorized by Congress in 1970 and later vetoed (2003). Summaries of pertinent previous work which includes studies done by USACE, Dare County, and private consultants are discussed herein.

USACE studies of Oregon Inlet have been ongoing between 1970 2001, including various project designs for the proposed navigation channel and jetties, four environmental impact statements, and at least four updates of the District s economic analyses. Opposition to the project has revolved around environmental concerns from Federal agencies. The Department of the Interior (DOI) denied special use permits for the proposed project citing that it would be incompatible with the existing management philosophy and guidelines for their lands adjacent to the inlet. Economic impact studies were repeatedly reanalyzed due to questioning of the viability of data utilized and key assumptions made for the cost-benefit analyses. Key limitations noted in the economic analyses included 1) data used was outdated and incomplete, 2) analyses did not adequately examine inherent risk and uncertainty in key variables, and 3) certain assumptions did not have adequate support. The estimated average annual benefits of the proposed project were determined to be $7.2 million, yielding a benefit- to-cost ratio of 1.6. In 2003, plans to stabilize the inlet with the proposed jetties and dredging, were laid to rest through a joint agreement between the USACE, National Park Service (NPS), and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS).

In 1985, a study was completed by the Dare County Economic Commission evaluating the impact of Oregon Inlet to the Pamlico Sound region by comparing the current value of the inlet to a future projected value with jetty construction. Economic sectors considered included commercial fishing, fish packing, and recreational fishing (including charter fishing). At the time of the study, it was noted that approximately 401 commercial boats used Oregon Inlet on an annual basis, including 289 transient boats and 112 full-time boats. The economic value of the inlet based on these factors and all of the related businesses was estimated to be $30 million at that time. The study then evaluated how much economic benefit would be added if the inlet were jettied, which was estimated at $70 million (in addition to the existing benefit of $30 million). Additionally, the report noted economic impacts which occurred during 1982-1983, when Oregon Inlet closed to navigation due to poor conditions. During this time, it was noted that six businesses closed, unemployment during the winter rose from 20% to 42%, packing houses reduced operations, and local ice companies laid off workers.

An additional economic assessment was performed in 1995 by The Horizon Planning Group, evaluating the regional economic benefits of the Oregon Inlet stabilization project. This study updated a previous USACE study (1990), describing expected economic benefits derived

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT from commercial and recreational fishing with the proposed stabilization project in place. Key findings included that approximately 50% of the 312 commercial fishing vessels which previously used Oregon Inlet were landing their harvests in the Hampton Roads, Virginia area. The study noted other related impacts such as loss of packing house jobs and truck driving jobs due to regional shifts in the commercial fishing industry. The study determined that the proposed stabilization project would have a benefit-to-cost ratio of 1.7. With the stabilization project in place, numerous national, state, and regional benefits were also described, such as increasing inlet usage, local jobs, and providing a safe and reliable access to harbors of refuge.

Other/Regional Economic Studies Numerous other studies, while not directly related to Oregon Inlet, are notable. Summaries are presented herein.

Economic Study of Wanchese Seafood Industrial Park (2005) In July 2005, a detailed economic study of the Wanchese Seafood Industrial Park was completed by Miley, Gallo & Associates, LLC. The purpose of the study was to develop a better understanding of the business environment in the Park and to determine the economic impact of the Park on three regions. The regions analyzed included Dare County, the area comprised within the Northeast Regional Partnership (16 counties in northeastern North Carolina), and the State. The study evaluated the economic activity impact, or the impact upon the respective region from the current levels of employment and production occurring in the Park.

Findings of the study defined six primary categories of businesses in the Park, including:

Boatbuilding and Related Companies Marinas and Related Companies Charter Fishing Fish Packing Broadcasting Regulation and Administration

The study employed the IMPLAN (Impact Analysis for Planning) to generate a set of balanced economic/social accounts and multipliers. The analysis evaluated the direct, indirect, and induced economic effects. The economic impact of the Park was determined to be $98 million for Dare County, $101 million for the Northeast region, and $113 million to the State.

Economic Study of Pirate s Cove Big Game Tournaments (1999) In 1999, a comprehensive study of the Pirate s Cove Big Game Tournaments near Oregon Inlet, Dare County (Ditton, 1999) was conducted under a research contract with North Carolina Sea Grant and Texas A&M University. The study focused on two tournament

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT events, namely the Pirate s Cove Billfish Tournament (PCBT) and the Alice Kelly Ladies Only Memorial Billfish Tournament (AKMBT). The goals of the study were to develop a better knowledge of angler expenditures and associated economic impacts on the local area. Expenditures for tournament participants from Dare County were separated from non-resident participants, in order to derive only new monies coming into Dare County. Likewise, expenditures of North Carolina residents were separated from out-of-state participants to evaluate state level impacts. A summary of pertinent statistics derived from the study are presented in Table III-1. Results presented represent direct economic impacts. Additionally, the study considered secondary or indirect economic impacts from the tournaments, resulting from additional demands for goods and services. These analyses were based on economic multipliers which in summary, determined approximately $3 million in total economic output from the tournaments.

Table III-1. Statistics from Economic Study of Pirates Cove Big Game Tournaments (Ditton, 1999) Statistic PCBT AKMBT Number of registered anglers 655 540 Percentage of anglers from locations 79% 51% outside of Dare County Number of days fished 86% fished 3-4 days 97% fished 1 day Average number of nights staying in area 10 nights 3 nights Lodging, charter fees, gas and oil for boat Charter fees 26% of Major categories of expense 59% of total direct total direct purchases purchases Total expenditures spent in Dare County $1.6 million $189,949 by non-Dare County residents

Economic Study of Offshore Recreational Fishing Region (2002) Finally, in 2002, a study of a prime recreational fishing area northeast of Cape Hatteras, known as The Point was performed to evaluate economic impacts that would result from the proposed construction of exploratory wells for potential oil and gas production by Chevron Corporation. Although not directly related to Oregon Inlet, the goals of the study included providing information on the value of recreational fishing at The Point , and estimating the potential losses to recreational fishing if an oil spill were to occur in this area. Given the location of The Point , it is likely a large percentage of anglers fishing in this area come from Dare County through Oregon Inlet. The study used MRFSS data from 1990 and NMFS statistics on trip numbers to estimate losses, in dollars, to recreational anglers due to various closure scenarios. The total number of trips involving private and charter boats originating in Dare County and traveling to a location greater than 3 miles offshore was estimated at approximately 97,800 for 1990. Determined economic losses from various scenarios involving closure of the site and for some scenarios prolonged reduction in available

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT catch (e.g. 50% reduction in probability of success for a 6-month period) ranged from as low as $1300 for off-season periods to $460,000 for peak periods and worst-case scenarios. Based on the available recreational fishing data and information described in this section, the goals for the field survey interviews and economic analyses were defined. The MRFSS data formed the basis of the economic analysis. In support of the MRFSS data, field interviews targeted major marinas and recreational fishing centers and attempted to determine usage of Oregon Inlet from areas both North and South of the inlet. Furthermore, the field surveys targeted the significance of local sportfishing tournaments and typical expenditures for recreational anglers either fishing independently or in local tournaments.

Tourism Studies Finally, studies of the economic impact of tourism to Dare County are ongoing. In particular, these studies provide valuable information revealing the significance of fishing and boating opportunities to the tourism industry and the overall economy of Dare County.

Outer Banks Visitors Bureau Wave Studies (2006) The Outer Banks Visitors Bureau, located in Manteo, recently initiated a year-long study detailing visitors and their experiences on the Outer Banks, in an effort to aid in marketing of the area and increase visitation. The study is analyzing seasonal differences. Findings for the 2005 summer and fall season were published in Januray 2006. This research, while regionally focused, has significant findings of use on this study of Oregon Inlet, including percentage of visitors pursuing recreational boating activities, and trip specifics (e.g. duration of stay, expenditures, etc.). The study involved surveying approximately 4100 visitors, yielding an accuracy of ±3.2%. First, when asked about various motivations to travel to the Outer Banks, approximately 5% of visitors noted fishing opportunities as the most important factor for both the summer and fall seasons. Additionally, the findings reported that 36% and 25%, of visitors reported that one of the activities during their stay was to go fishing , during summer and fall, respectively. A significant percentage, 11% in summer and 4% in fall, reported that they went charter fishing during their stay. Table III-2 details trip specifics including length of stay, party sizes, and typical expenditures either taken directly or computed from results given in the report. While not specific to Oregon Inlet users, these data may prove useful in determining related tourism impacts from recreational boating.

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

Table III-2. Outer Banks Visitor Profile Findings Finding Summer Fall Average length of trip 6 nights 5.4 nights Average party size 7 people 5 people Percentage of Visitors Staying in Dare County North of 63% 69% Oregon Inlet Percentage of Visitors Staying in Dare County South of 30% 27% Oregon Inlet Average total expenditures per party per trip $2691 $1641 Average expenditures per person per day $61 $61 Expenditures on lodging per party per trip $1468 $827 Expenditures on meals per party per trip $471 $340 Expenditures on entertainment per party per trip $57 $23 Expenditures on shopping per party per trip $284 $228 Expenditures on transportation per party per trip $253 $139

Dare County Transient Boating Study (1995) In 1995, Dare County initiated a study geared at understanding transient boater trends through the area in an effort to attract more boaters to Dare County ports (Professional Management Group, Inc, 1995). In the context of the study, transient boaters were defined as those using the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway (AIWW) to travel between Northern and Southern states. Since the AIWW is within a few hours by boat to Dare County ports, the goal of the study was to profile transient boaters and determine strategies to attract boaters along an alternative route through the Pamlico Sound. The study profiled various marinas throughout NC and in other States for comparison and surveyed boaters themselves, collecting data on boaters perceptions and typical expenditures. On average, boaters surveyed indicated average expenditures of $340 per day. For power boaters only, 40% stated they spent $500 to $700 per day including fuel and dockage while approximately 25% indicated they spent $100 to $200 per day. Of those surveyed, only 6-8% indicated they had docked previously at either Roanoke Island or Hatteras. Finally, the economic analysis portion of the study summarized previous work including a 1994 study of the Pirates Cove Big Game tournaments looked at visitor expenditures on fuel, supplies, lodging, meals, shopping, and entertainment. For the summer tournaments, it was determined that average expenditures per boat per day ranged from $1,100 to $1,500. There were on average 6 people per boat. For the Fall tournaments, expenses per boat per day ranged from $750 to $1,000.

Summary As can be seen from the above studies, the local economy of Dare County is very dependent on tourism, recreational and commercial fishing, and boat building. Please note that various items from the above studies were used within this study to supplement field interviews and survey questionnaires when needed.

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

IV. COMMERCIAL FISHING Commercial fishing is a prominent sector of the North Carolina coastal economy. In 2001, there were approximately 5800 commercial fishing vessels, 4600 commercial fishermen, and 670 fish dealers in the State (Bianchi, 2003). Oregon Inlet is considered one of the most commercially vital inlets along coastal NC with fishermen from the communities of Wanchese, Manteo, Manns Harbor, and Stumpy Point in Dare County and communities in other coastal counties (e.g. Hyde, Pamlico) using the inlet. First, this chapter presents pertinent information and perspectives gained from field interviews conducted with commercial fishermen. Then the modeling methodology and analysis results for Oregon Inlet-dependent commercial fishing and support services are presented.

Commercial Fishing Interviews Field interviews were conducted with five individuals knowledgeable about the economic significance of Oregon Inlet to Dare County s commercial fishing industry. Three interviewees are presently working as commercial fishermen and use Oregon Inlet on a regular basis. The other two interviewees are retired from the commercial fishing industry, but previously worked in the Dare County region, using Oregon Inlet frequently. The fishermen are or were previously based in the communities of Wanchese and Stumpy Point in Dare County, and Engelhard in Hyde County.

In general, all interviewees noted that the commercial fishing industry has seen a decline in the region over the past 30-40 years due to several factors, which includes the declining condition of Oregon Inlet. It was noted that in the 1960s there were approximately 40-50 different commercial seafood businesses in Dare County. However, presently there are approximately only 10-20. The small community of Stumpy Point was once a thriving commercial fishing industry in the late 1960s, with a harbor full of trawler boats. However, as years passed and the jetties at Oregon Inlet were not built, fishermen in Stumpy Point moved away from the area or simply took up other occupations. Today, an interviewee noted that only two fishermen live in the community, but operate out of Wanchese.

Present day commercial boats are significantly larger than those used historically. Due to the shallow and dangerous inlet conditions, fewer fishermen choose to operate through Oregon Inlet. Potential trips are frequently lost or shortened due to dangerous inlet conditions, resulting in a reduced catch. Also, shallow draft conditions force commercial boats to lighten tonnage so that they can pass through the inlet safely.

When asked whether they have lost income due to declining conditions of Oregon Inlet, all of the interviewees who are presently working responded that they had lost income. Two commercial seafood businesses moved a portion of their operations to Virginia in the 1980s following closing of the inlet during the winter of 1982-1983. However, current regulations enforced by National and State level Marine Fisheries make it difficult to obtain permits in other states. Summaries of the interview responses can be found in Appendix A. Overall

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT trends or business costs provided by the interviewees were used in the economic modeling and analyses.

Economic Modeling & Results Commercial Fishing Since 1994, the North Carolina Division of Marine Fisheries (NCDMF) has administered the Trip Ticket Program, a mandatory tracking initiative whereby trip level fish dealers report information about the fisherman, the dealer purchasing the product, the transaction date, the number of crew, area fished, gear used and the quantity of each species landed for each trip. NCDMF (Bianchi, 2006) provided information on Oregon Inlet-dependent commercial fishery ex-vessel value (dollar value of fish landings at dockside) from 1994 through 2005. These data are presented on Table IV-1 and Figure IV-1.

Table IV-1. Ex-vessel Value of North Carolina Commercial Fishery Landings Dependent on Oregon Inlet, 1994-2005 Oregon Inlet-Dependent Value (real, Oregon Inlet-Dependent Year inflation-adjusted $ s, 2005 base Value (nominal $ s) year)1 1994 $9,718,793 $11,646,019 1995 $12,918,800 $15,185,528 1996 $11,530,934 $13,314,374 1997 $10,040,703 $11,401,548 1998 $9,805,336 $11,011,412 1999 $10,386,236 $11,495,614 2000 $12,394,381 $13,410,938 2001 $12,068,668 $12,751,236 2002 $12,666,722 $13,181,809 2003 $10,841,628 $11,080,015 2004 $12,992,721 $12,992,721 2005 $12,910,057 $12,910,057 Average 1994- $11,522,915 $12,531,773 2005 1 Inflation adjustment based on GDP deflator (USDC 2005).

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

Nominal Value of North Carolina Commercial Fishery Landings Dependent on Oregon Inlet, 1994-2005

$14,000,000 $12,000,000 $10,000,000 s r

a $8,000,000 l l

o $6,000,000 D $4,000,000 $2,000,000 $0 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Year

Figure IV-1. Nominal Value of North Carolina Commercial Fishery Landings Dependent on Oregon Inlet, 1994-2005

For the purposes of this analysis, value was considered Oregon Inlet-dependent if the following criteria were met:

Catch was from the ocean (rather than Pamlico Sound) Vessel outfitted with ocean fishing gear (either trawl, longline, troll, gill net, fish pot, sea scallop dredge, or rod-n-reel) Vessel landings in Dare or Hyde counties (In Hyde county, one-half of the landings from Engelhard are assumed to be dependent on Oregon Inlet, while the remainder are assumed to depend on Ocracoke or Hatteras Inlets, based on interviews. All other Hyde county landings south of Engelhard are assumed to depend on Ocracoke or Hatteras Inlets.)

Landings meeting the criteria above occurred at the following North Carolina commercial fishing ports:

Kill Devil Hills Kitty Hawk Manns Harbor Manteo Nags Head Rodanthe Stumpy Point Wanchese Englehard (1/2 of landings)

It is important to note that some NC fishing businesses based in the ports listed above also maintain boats in Virginia (Hampton, Newport News, Little Boat Harbor) or utilize other

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

North Carolina ports that do not use Oregon Inlet to access the ocean. For the purposes of this analysis, it is assumed that income from Virginia or non-Oregon Inlet based vessels would not be affected by the closure of Oregon Inlet.

However, the ex-vessel value data do include the landings made by vessels based outside North Carolina that traverse Oregon Inlet to land their catch at the North Carolina ports listed above. With the closure of Oregon Inlet, these out-of-state vessels would presumably land their catch elsewhere. Any losses to out-of-state vessel owners attributable to the increased costs of landing catch elsewhere are not included in the analysis. Any losses to North Carolina port cities, seafood processors, etc., resulting from the loss of North Carolina landings made by out-of-state vessels are included in the analysis.

As evident from the data presented in Table IV-1 and Figure IV-1, both nominal and real ex- vessel values have remained relatively constant over the last twelve years. As a result, for the purposes of this study we will use the 1994-2005 average of real (inflation adjusted) Oregon Inlet-dependent ex-vessel value, $12,500,000, as our estimate of annual, Oregon Inlet- dependent commercial fishery revenues.

Commercial Fishing Revenues, Costs, and Returns As stated previously, field survey information was collected in February and March 2006 to determine the revenues, costs and returns of Oregon Inlet-dependent commercial fishing vessels. Owners of representative trawl and sea scallop fishing vessels were identified and interviewed. Although vessels utilizing other types of fishing gear (e.g., pots, longlines) contribute to Oregon Inlet-dependent landings, for the purpose of this analysis, the information from the trawl and scallop fishing vessel interviews is assumed to be representative. This information was supplemented by information from other studies of trawl fishing in the southeastern United States, presented in Appendix C.

For this analysis, two fishing seasons are considered based on the interviews: the traditional winter trawl season and the sea scallop season. The trawl season typically runs from November through March (165 days). Based on the interviews, the typical trawl fishing trip lasts three days. Dividing 165 days per season by 3 days per trip yields an estimate of 55 trawl fishing trips per vessel per fishing season.

The scallop fishing season typically runs from May through August, or about 120 days. Based on the interviews, the typical scallop fishing trip lasts 10 days. Dividing 120 days per season by 10 days per trip yields an estimate of 12 scallop fishing trips per season.

Commercial fishing revenues per vessel were determined for two types of vessels, trawl vessels and scallop vessels (Table IV-2 and Table IV-3). For each type of vessel, revenue per season per fishing vessel was determined by multiplying pounds landed in 2005 (as reported by the surveyed vessel owners) by average ex-vessel price/lb. in 2005 (NCDMF) for the top three species landed and summing across species. The interviews provided estimates in

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT pounds of the top three species landed per vessel per season (year 2005) for Oregon Inlet- dependent trawl vessels and sea scallop vessels.

Commercial fishing costs per vessel were also determined for two types of vessels, trawl vessels and scallop vessels (Table IV-2 and Table IV-3). Costs were divided into variable costs, costs that vary with the number of fishing trips, and fixed costs, overhead costs that do not vary with the number of trips. Cost information for Oregon Inlet-dependent vessels was provided by Dare County commercial fishermen who participated in the survey. Additional detail is provided below on two, more complicated aspects of vessel costs which include crew and skipper wages and vessel loan payments and depreciation.

Crew and hired skipper wages are components of variable costs. Fishing vessel crew and skippers are paid according to the lay or share system, in which crew/skippers are paid a percentage of ex-vessel revenue less other variable costs. Field interviews with local trawl vessel owners indicated that each trawl vessel carries three crew members plus a skipper. Each crew member typically receives 9% of ex-vessel revenue less variable costs, while each skipper typically receives 14%. That is, crew and skipper wages for trawl vessels are determined by the following formulas:

Wage per trawl vessel crew member = 0.09*(Ex-vessel Revenue Fuel Costs Ice Costs Grocery Cost Other Variable Costs)

Wage per trawl vessel skipper = 0.14*(Ex-vessel Revenue Fuel Costs Ice Costs Grocery Cost Other Variable Costs)

Each scallop vessel typically carries six crew members plus a skipper based on the interviews. It was assumed that a scallop vessel crew of six receives in total the same share of ex-vessel revenue less variable costs as received by trawl vessel crews, so for scallop vessel crews the share is divided by six crew members, such that each crew member receives 4.5% of ex- vessel revenue less variable costs. It was assumed that scallop vessel skippers are compensated similarly to trawl vessel skippers, 14% of ex-vessel revenue less variable costs. Therefore, crew and skipper wages for scallop vessels are determined by the following formulas:

Wage per scallop vessel crew member = 0.045*(Ex-vessel Revenue Fuel Costs Ice Costs Grocery Cost Other Variable Costs)

Wage per scallop vessel skipper = 0.14*(Ex-vessel Revenue Fuel Costs Ice Costs Grocery Cost Other Variable Costs)

An estimate of the average interest paid by a fishing boat owner on a fishing vessel loan per year is equal to the sum of 12 average monthly interest payments on a $400,000 vessel loan amortized at a 10% interest rate over 10 years. Average vessel value in the region is assumed to be $400,000 based on the interviews. It is important to note that only the interest portion of

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT the vessel loan payment is included as a cost. The portion of the payment going to principal results in an offsetting increase in equity on the boat owner s balance sheet and is not a cost; rather, it is a transfer of boat owner wealth from the form of cash to the form of vessel equity. It is assumed that depreciation is offset by maintenance costs, so effective depreciation is assumed to be zero (that is, depreciation is equal to maintenance costs, and since maintenance costs are included as a cost, depreciation is not). It is reasonable to assume that maintenance can offset depreciation because many active commercial fishing vessels in the region are thirty years old or more and are still in good operating condition with good resale value.

Returns to fishing vessel owners were estimated as revenues per season minus all costs per year. Annual fishing revenues may be underestimated if the vessel is used in other fisheries. However, the present analysis seeks to capture only Oregon Inlet-fishery dependent revenue. If the fishing vessel engages in other fishing activity in the year, then part of the fixed costs should be attributed to that other fishing activity, which would make the estimate of returns to owners from Oregon Inlet-dependent fishing somewhat higher. However, apportioning costs to non-Oregon Inlet-dependent fisheries was beyond the scope of this analysis. As a result, estimates of returns to vessel owners should be viewed as conservative. Table IV-2. Average Revenues, Costs, and Returns per Trawl Vessel (2005 $ s) Annual Costs and Returns Value Number of Value per as Value Category per 3-day trips per year Percentages trip season of Annual Revenue Revenue $20,000 55 $1,100,000 crew share (total Variable Costs wages for 3 crew 3,483 55 191,565 17.4% members) hired skipper 1,806 55 99,330 9.0% share fuel 6,000 55 330,000 30.0% ice 400 55 22,000 2.0% groceries 300 55 16,500 1.5% other 400 55 22,000 2.0% Fixed costs gear 20,000 1.8% dry dock 10,000 0.9% maintenance 10,000 0.9% insurance 25,000 2.3% interest 23,432 2.1% permits & fees 1,000 0.1% Annual Returns to Vessel 329,173 29.9% Owner

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

Table IV-3. Average Revenues, Costs, and Returns per Scallop Vessel (2005 $ s) Annual Costs and Returns Number of Value Value per 10- Value per as trips per Category day trip year Percentages season of Annual Revenue Revenue $89,250 12 $1,070,996 crew share Variable (total wages 17,968 12 215,621 20.1% Costs for 6 crewmembers) hired skipper 9,317 12 111,803 10.4% share fuel 18,000 12 216,000 20.2% ice 1,200 12 14,400 1.3% groceries 1,000 12 12,000 1.1% other 2,500 12 30,000 2.8% Fixed costs gear 20,000 1.9% dry dock 10,000 0.9% maintenance 10,000 0.9% insurance 25,000 2.3% interest 23,432 2.2% permits & fees 1,000 0.1% Annual Returns to 381,739 35.6% Vessel Owner

Determining Proportion of Fleet Revenue Attributable to Scallop Vessels It is important to determine the likely proportion of fleet activity and revenue attributable to scallop vessels because returns to vessel owners vary across trawl and scallop vessels, and recent trends in Dare County indicate a decrease in trawl fishing and an increase in scallop fishing. The documentation for Framework Adjustment 18 to the Atlantic Sea Scallop Fishery Management Plan (NEFMC/MAFMC 2005) provided information on the value of sea scallop landings by port. Sea scallop landings value data for 1994-2004 for Wanchese and Engelhard are presented in Table IV-4. Landings appear to be increasing but are quite variable. Only 23 percent (on average) of the sea scallops caught by North Carolina scallop vessels are landed in North Carolina. M&N survey respondents indicated that most North Carolina scallop vessels land their catch in Virginia.

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

Table IV-4. Value of Scallops Landed in Oregon Inlet-Dependent Ports, 1994-2004 Value of Landings Made By Value of Landings Made By North North Carolina Vessels in Carolina Vessels in All States North Carolina Year Wanchese Englehard Wanchese Englehard 1994 $0 $0 $46,000 $0 1995 $0 $0 $14,000 $0 1996 $0 $0 $3,000 $0 1997 $70,000 $0 $1,000 $0 1998 $0 $0 $485,000 $0 1999 $31,000 $3,000 $1,000 $0 2000 $64,000 $2,000 $816,000 $0 2001 $1,350,000 $56,000 $2,769,000 $122,000 2002 $1,023,000 $0 $3,378,000 $136,000 2003 $262,000 $140,000 $4,401,000 $285,000 2004 $2,000 $0 $577,000 $0 Average $254,727 $18,273 $1,135,545 $49,364 1994-2004

As of 2004, there were 6 vessels with limited entry sea scallop fishery permits based in Wanchese and 1 based in Engelhard (NEFMC/MAFMC 2005). In that same year, there were 32 vessels with general sea scallop permits based in Wanchese and 11 in Engelhard. From 1994 to 2004, it appears that only 10 percent, at most, of the value of Oregon Inlet-dependent commercial fishery landings in North Carolina is attributable to sea scallops. However, the number of North Carolina vessels with sea scallop permits is increasing, and these vessels may land a larger proportion of their catch in North Carolina if Oregon Inlet conditions were adequate. Nonetheless, at most (2003), even if all scallops caught by NC vessels were landed in NC, only 41 percent of the value of Oregon Inlet-dependent landings would be attributable to scallops. Taking all of these factors into consideration, for the purposes of this analysis we assume that, on average, and based on more recent trends, 25 percent of the Oregon Inlet-dependent commercial fishery revenue is attributable to scallops.

Determining Oregon Inlet-Dependent Fleet Revenues, Costs, and Returns Under the assumptions that (1) the average value of Oregon Inlet-dependent commercial fisheries landings is $12,500,000 (2005 $ s) and (2) twenty-five percent of the value of Oregon Inlet-dependent commercial fishery revenues are attributable to the scallop fishery, with the remaining seventy-five percent attributable to the trawl fishery, the per-vessel revenue, costs and returns figures presented in Table IV-2 and Table IV-3 are expanded to aggregate, fleet-level values for each of the two fisheries and the two fisheries combined (using the percentage calculated in Table IV-2 and Table IV-3). The resulting values are presented in Table IV-5 (for trawl vessels only), Table IV-6 (for scallop vessels only), and Table IV-7 (for trawl and scallop vessels combined).

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

Table IV-5. Annual Oregon Inlet-Dependent Trawl Vessel Fleet Revenues, Costs, and Returns Annual Costs and Returns as Value Value Category Percentages of (2005 $ s) Annual Revenue Revenue $9,375,000 crew share (total wages Variable Costs 17.4% $1,632,656 for 3 crew members) hired skipper share 9.0% $846,563 fuel 30.0% $2,812,500 ice 2.0% $187,500 groceries 1.5% $140,625 other 2.0% $187,500 Fixed costs gear 1.8% $170,455 dry dock 0.9% $85,227 maintenance 0.9% $85,227 insurance 2.3% $213,068 interest 2.1% $199,708 permits & fees 0.1% $8,523 Annual Returns 29.9% $2,805,449 to Vessel Owners

Table IV-6. Annual Oregon Inlet-Dependent Scallop Vessel Fleet Revenues, Costs, and Returns Annual Costs and Returns as Value Value Category Percentages of (2005 $ s) Annual Revenue Revenue $3,125,000 crew share (total wages for Variable Costs 20.1% $629,148 6 crew members) hired skipper share 10.4% $326,225 fuel 20.2% $630,254 ice 1.3% $42,017 groceries 1.1% $35,014 other 2.8% $87,535 Fixed costs gear 1.9% $58,357 dry dock 0.9% $29,178 maintenance 0.9% $29,178 insurance 2.3% $72,946 interest 2.2% $68,372 permits & fees 0.1% $2,918 Annual Returns 35.6% $1,113,856 to Vessel Owners

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

Table IV-7. Annual Oregon Inlet-Dependent Total Fleet (Trawl and Scallop Combined) Revenues, Costs, and Returns Annual Costs and Returns as Value Category Value (2005 $ s) Percentages of Annual Revenue Revenue $12,500,000 Variable Costs crew wages 18.1% $2,261,805 skipper wages 9.4% $1,172,788 fuel 27.5% $3,442,754 ice 1.8% $229,517 groceries 1.4% $175,639 other 2.2% $275,035 Fixed costs gear 1.8% $228,811 dry dock 0.9% $114,406 maintenance 0.9% $114,406 insurance 2.3% $286,014 interest 2.1% $268,080 permits & fees 0.1% $11,441 Annual Returns 31.4% $3,919,305 to Vessel Owners

IMPLAN Modeling Analysis The full economic impacts of Oregon Inlet-dependent commercial fishing activity are estimated using the IMPLAN model to conduct regional input-output analysis (see Chapter II, Economic Analysis Methods). Input-output analysis requires a defined study region. Dare and Hyde counties, North Carolina, comprise the study region considered in the commercial fishery impacts portion of this analysis. For Dare County, the ports of Kill Devil Hills, Kitty Hawk, Manns Harbor, Manteo, Nags Head, Rodanthe, Stumpy Point, and Wanchese are included. For Hyde County, only the Oregon Inlet-dependent landings occurring in the port of Engelhard are included. It is assumed that one-half of the value of the ocean commercial fishery landings in Engelhard are Oregon Inlet-dependent. The remaining value is assumed dependent on Ocracoke and/or Hatteras Inlets. Landings at other Hyde county ports are assumed fully dependent on Ocracoke and/or Hatteras Inlets.

As discussed in Chapter II, Economic Analysis Methods, the economic analysis considers five types of impacts:

1. Changes in employment 2. Changes in economic output / business activity 3. Changes in workers wages, salaries, and benefits, and small business (sole proprietorship and partnership) income/profits 4. Changes in corporate profits 5. Changes in government tax receipts at the Federal, State and local levels

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

Please recall that for each of the five types of impacts, direct, indirect, and induced economic impact components are calculated. The direct impact component measures the immediate impacts of direct fishery revenues. The indirect impact component measures the economic ripple effects on industries that supply/service the directly-impacted industries. For example, 24 marinas and boatyards that service the fishing industry are located in Dare County, NC (NCWaterways.com). The induced impact component measures consumer spending feedback effects , or additional consumer spending by the employees and owners of the businesses affected by the direct and indirect impacts. Again, the indirect and induced impacts together are sometimes called economic multiplier effects. The term total economic impact refers to the total of the direct, indirect and induced impact components. The impacts reported in this study are total impacts, including all multiplier effects.

Direct Economic Impacts of Crew Wages, Skipper Wages, and Vessel Owner Returns Direct economic impacts of wages and vessel owner returns are estimated by subtracting estimated taxes (except local property taxes) and savings from wages and vessel owner (sole proprietor) income. The direct impact dollars are then run through the input-output economic impact model to estimate indirect and induced impacts (i.e., economic multiplier effects ). The reason that taxes (except local property taxes) and savings are removed from wages and owner income before calculating economic impacts is because most tax dollars and savings dollars leave Dare County and are not re-spent within the county. However, local property taxes are directed to the local government sector to be re-spent within the region. (Note: Local sales taxes paid by crew, skippers and vessel owners are also included since they remain to be re-spent within the region. However, local sales taxes are not calculated based on household income. Rather, sales taxes are calculated later in the IMPLAN modeling process, based on the goods and services purchased in the local region by crew, skippers and vessel owners.)

For the purpose of accounting for savings, we assume that crew, skippers and vessel owners have household incomes between $25,000/yr and $150,000/yr. The average savings rate for U.S. households with household incomes between $25,000/yr and $150,000/yr is approximately 5.5% of pre-tax household income (USBEA-REIS 2002).

For tax purposes, we assume that crewmembers have household incomes between $25,000/yr and $75,000/yr while skippers and vessel owners have household incomes greater than $75,000/yr. The average tax rate (including Federal, state and local taxes, but excluding Social Security, Medicare, and local property taxes) for Dare County households with household incomes between $25,000/yr and $75,000/yr is approximately 15.6% of household income, whereas the average net tax rate for Dare County households with household incomes

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT greater than $75,000/yr is approximately 27.3% of household income (USBEA REIS 2002). The Internal Revenue Service (Sec. 3121(b)(20), I.R.C.) considers fishing boat crew and skippers who are compensated under the lay/share system and who work on vessels with a crew size of less than 10 to be self-employed. As a result, crew members and skippers pay the full 15.30% in self-employment Social Security and Medicare taxes. Vessel owners as sole proprietors also pay the full 15.30% in self-employment Social Security and Medicare taxes. The typical local property tax rate for unincorporated areas of Dare County in 2003 was $0.82 per $100 valuation (Dare County 2006), or approximately $0.034 per dollar of pre- tax county household income.

Of the $12.5 million in Oregon Inlet-dependent total fleet revenues, it is estimated that $2,261,805 is paid in crew wages, $1,172,788 in skipper wages, and $3,919,305 remains as income to vessel owners (see Table IV-7). For the purposes of this analysis, we assume that vessel owners are sole proprietors. Estimated wages, vessel owner income, savings, taxes leaving the county, and taxes remaining in the county (property taxes), and remaining disposable income (net of savings) by household income category are presented in Table IV-8.

Table IV-8. Annual Oregon Inlet-Dependent Commercial Fishing Income, Taxes, Savings, and Disposable Income (2005 $ s) Gross Local Household Annual OI- Taxes1 Property Household Household Household Income Dependent Leaving Taxes Direct Category Savings3 Range Fishing County Remaining Spending4 Income In County2 $25,000- Crew $2,261,805 $698,898 $76,901 $124,399 $1,361,606 $75,000 Greater Hired than $1,172,788 $499,608 $39,875 $64,503 $568,802 Skippers $75,000 Greater Vessel than $3,919,305 $1,669,624 $133,256 $215,562 $1,900,863 Owners $75,000 Totals $7,353,897 $2,868,129 $250,032 $404,464 $3,831,271 1 Taxes Leaving County = (net Federal and state income taxes) + (Social Security and Medicare taxes) = (15.6% (crew) or 27.3% (skippers & owners) of Gross Annual Income) + (15.3% of Gross Annual Income) 2 Local Property Taxes = 3.4% of Gross Annual Income. (Average for Dare County, NC) 3 Household Savings = 5.5% of Gross Annual Income. (U.S. average for relevant income categories.) 4 Household Direct Spending = Gross Annual Income - All Taxes - Household Savings.

It is assumed that household direct spending (gross income less taxes and savings) is spent by commercial fishermen on various goods and services according to average household expenditure patterns by household income category as measured by the U.S. Consumer Expenditure Survey (USBLS 2002). Some of these expenditures will occur inside Dare County, and some will occur outside Dare County. The IMPLAN database (MIG 2005)

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT contains information on the percentages of expenditures by Dare County residents occurring inside vs. outside Dare County for each product category. Expenditures occurring inside Dare County contribute to the county multiplier effect, whereas expenditures occurring outside the County do not.

Direct Economic Impacts of Non-Wage Fishing Vessel Expenditures The direct economic impacts of non-wage fishing vessel expenditures (i.e., expenditures on fuel, ice, dry dock, etc.) are equal to the non-wage variable costs and fixed costs shown in Table IV-7.

Direct Economic Impacts of Local Property Taxes Although Federal and state income taxes, such as Social Security taxes and Medicare taxes, largely leave the study region, property taxes are paid to local government, which in turn uses the property tax revenue to provide goods and services to the region. Hence, local property taxes contribute to the local multiplier effect. The direct property taxes paid by Oregon Inlet- dependent fishing crew, skippers and vessel owners are estimated at $250,032 annually, based on an average of 3.4% of gross annual household income paid in property taxes in Dare County, NC, in 2003 (Dare County 2006). It is assumed that property taxes are deposited into the county government general fund, and it is assumed that the distribution of local government expenditures across government functions is approximated by the State and Local Government Non-Education Institution expenditure profile for Dare County in the IMPLAN database.

Indirect, Induced and Total Economic Impacts The direct spending by fishing households, plus local property taxes paid by fishing households, plus the direct non-wage expenditures of fishing vessels (i.e., expenditures on fuel, ice, dry dock, etc.) give rise to indirect and induced economic impacts (multiplier effects). The IMPLAN economic input-output model is used to estimate the multiplier effects (i.e., the indirect and induced impacts) arising from direct spending. Output tables resulting from IMPLAN with direct, indirect, induced, and total economic impacts by industry are lengthy and are therefore included in Appendix D on Tables D-1 through D-4. The total impacts on government tax revenues are included on Table D-5. All dollar-denominated results are reported in year 2005 dollars. As stated previously, impact estimates are provided for five impact categories:

Employment Economic output / business activity Wages/salaries/sole proprietor income/partnership income Rental income and corporation income Government tax and fee revenues

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

Economic Impacts Summary If the navigability of Oregon Inlet is not maintained, then interview responses indicate that most commercial fishing vessels would choose to remain in the fishing business but would relocate their fishing operations to other ports, most likely located in Virginia. Vessel owners would need to pay relocation costs for their vessels and for their families if moved to a new port. Crew and skippers would also pay relocation costs for themselves and their families. Once in the new port, vessel owners may incur additional costs if their vessels require different types of fishing gear. Vessel owners may also need to purchase different fishing permits if different fish species are available in the new ports or if different state permits are required by the new port state. Vessel owners may also suffer a loss of value if they are forced to surrender valuable North Carolina fishing permits or are forced to pay higher prices for North Carolina permits because they are now out-of-state residents. Due to the multiplicity of factors involved and the lack of data to estimate the effects, it is difficult to assess the net losses of relocation to fishermen themselves. Instead, we focus on the loss to Dare County. If the fishermen were to relocate due to a loss of navigability in Oregon Inlet, Dare County would lose the employment, wages, and profits of the crew, skippers and vessel owners. The total of direct losses to Dare County (taken from Tables D-1 through D-5 in Appendix D) are reported on Table IV-9.

Other Dare County employees and businesses owners would also suffer reductions in employment, wages, rents and profits due to economic multiplier effects. These total losses are also reported on Table IV-9 in the indirect and induced impacts columns (taken from Tables D-1 through D-4 in Appendix D). Finally, the combined effects of direct, indirect and induced impacts are presented as total impacts in Table IV-9 (sum of total columns on Tables D-1 through D-4 in Appendix D). In terms of impacts on government tax and fee revenues (taken from Table D-5 in Appendix D), only the total impacts are presented, as the IMPLAN modeling software produces estimates of total impacts only for taxes and fees. If we assume that the Federal government would receive similar revenues and fees if the vessels relocate to another state, then the Federal government portion of the impacts should not be included in the overall impact estimate. However, should vessels relocate, the Dare County and State of North Carolina governments would face reductions in tax collections and revenues. The economic impacts on the Dare County and North Carolina state governments are given by the State/Local Govt values only in Table IV-9.

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

Table IV-9. Summary of Oregon Inlet-Dependent Commercial Fishing Economic Impacts Direct Impact Indirect Impact Induced Impact Total Impact Output1 $4,120,644 $577,588 $2,454,129 $7,152,357 Employment2 49.1 7.7 32.8 89.6 Wages/Salaries/ Proprietor $1,466,157 $198,206 $1,056,291 $2,720,657 Profits3 Rent/Corp $824,766 $126,880 $393,182 $1,344,828 Profits4 Fed Govt5 $895,555 State/Local $488,250 Govt5 1 Output/Business Activity Impacts (2005 $ s) 2 All jobs, full-time and part-time 3 Wages/Salaries/Sole Proprietorship/Partnership Income Impacts (2005 $ s) 4 Rental Income and Corporation Income Impacts (2005 $ s) 5 Government Tax and Fee Revenue Impacts (2005 $ s)

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

V. SEAFOOD PACKING & PROCESSING A number of support businesses have located in Dare County to service and supply the commercial fishing vessels. Once fish are landed, seafood packing and processing businesses prepare the catch for market. In fact, several commercial fishermen also have packing and processing operations within their businesses. All of these activities generate jobs, wages, and profits for local workers and business owners, as well as tax revenues to support local government services. There were no field interviews performed that specifically addressed the seafood packing and processing industry. However, interviews with commercial fisherman and others emphasized the presence and significance of this industry. For example, five days a week, Wanchese Fish Company s trucks deliver seafood caught by their boats and other North Carolina companies across the East Coast. Their trucks go to Boston, Baltimore, Philadelphia and New York markets. They send at least five trucks a week to New York and sometimes as many as 10 to 15. This chapter presents detailed information on modeling methodology and analysis results for the Oregon Inlet-dependent seafood packing and processing sector of the Dare County economy.

Economic Modeling & Results Seafood Processing & Packing Based on the interview responses and for the purposes of this analysis, it was assumed that there are 6 commercial seafood packing and processing businesses located in Wanchese, with 4 or 5 located within the Wanchese Seafood Industrial Park, all located in Dare County. The IMPLAN database has average employment, wages, profits, taxes, etc., per dollar of industry sales revenue for over 500 industries, based on US government surveys of the industries. Since direct survey data is limited for the seafood packing and processing sector, the IMPLAN database is used to estimate direct employment and wages/salaries.

IMPLAN Modeling Analysis The full economic impacts of Oregon Inlet-dependent seafood packing/processing activity were estimated using the IMPLAN model to conduct regional input-output analysis (see Chapter II, Economic Analysis Methods). Appendix B contains the specific IMPLAN modeling assumptions made for the seafood packing/processing sector. Input-output analysis requires a defined study region. As all known seafood packing/processing businesses of interest are located in Wanchese, Dare County was used as the study region.

As discussed in Chapter II, Economic Analysis Methods, the economic analysis considers five types of impacts:

1. Changes in employment 2. Changes in economic output / business activity 3. Changes in workers wages, salaries, and benefits, and small business (sole proprietorship and partnership) income/profits 4. Changes in rents and corporate profits 5. Changes in government tax receipts at the Federal, state and local levels

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

Employment results are reported as total number of jobs supported, including both full-time and part-time jobs (the data are not sufficient to distinguish full-time from part-time jobs). Results for economic impact categories (2)-(5) are reported on an annual basis. Each of the five types of economic impacts listed above is composed of three components: (i) the direct impact component, (ii) the indirect impact component, and (iii) the induced impact component.

Direct Economic Impacts To determine the direct impacts, emphasis was placed on the portion of the seafood packing/processing business in Dare County that is dependent on Oregon Inlet. As a result, the analysis of Oregon Inlet-dependent seafood packing/processing was based on the estimates of Oregon Inlet-dependent commercial fishery landings detailed in Chapter IV, Commercial Fishing. It was assumed that 100% of the Oregon Inlet-dependent trawl and scallop fishery catch is packed and processed in Dare County. Although some of the scallop catch is currently landed in Virginia, it was assumed that all would be landed in Dare County under baseline conditions (i.e., if the inlet were properly maintained). It was also assumed that the average annual value of Oregon Inlet-dependent commercial fisheries landings in Dare County is $12,500,000 (2005 $ s), as per commercial fishing section of this study (see Table IV-7).

Indirect, Induced and Total Economic Impacts Since detailed cost and earnings data for the seafood processing sector in Dare County are not readily available, assumptions were made based on data for the seafood processing sector in the IMPLAN database and prior studies (see Appendix B for IMPLAN modeling assumptions). The IMPLAN database provides average cost and earnings information for the national seafood processing sector (IMPLAN sector 71) of the U.S. economy in 2002. On average, the cost of raw fish alone accounts for $0.285033 of every sales dollar. However, on average, the U.S. seafood industry produces a product that is more highly processed than the typical whole fish and fish fillet products produced in Dare County. Trow (1985) found that the cost of raw fish accounted for $0.73 of every sales dollar for fish packing houses in Dare County in the early 1980s, where fish were simply weighed, separated by species, graded by size, iced down, and packaged in cartons. The National Fisheries Education and Research Foundation (NFERF 1989) found that raw fish accounted for $0.42 to $0.52 of every sales dollar for whole flounder, filleted flounder, and scallop seafood processors in the South Atlantic region of the U.S. in the late 1980s. For the purposes of this study, a value of $0.50 was used as the average cost of raw fish per dollar of seafood packer/processor sales revenue. This value lies midway between the IMPLAN value of $0.285033 (representing more highly-processed seafood) and the Trow value of $0.73 (representing less highly-processed seafood) and close to the NFERF values of $0.42-$0.52. The IMPLAN model parameters were adjusted to reflect this assumption.

The IMPLAN database indicates that on average, across the U.S. seafood processing sector in 2002, employee wages and benefits account for $0.16 of every sales dollar, while business owner profits account for $0.01, and indirect business taxes account for $0.01. Under the

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT assumption of $0.50 as the average cost of raw fish per dollar of sales revenue, the NFERF study found that wages and benefits were $0.06-$0.14 per sales dollar in the South Atlantic region in the late 1980s, while profits were $0.04-$0.06 per sales dollar, and indirect business taxes were $0.005-$0.02 per sales dollar. For the purposes of this study, it was assumed that employee wages and benefits account for $0.12 of every sales dollar, with profits and indirect business taxes accounting for $0.03 and $0.01, respectively, per sales dollar. The IMPLAN model parameters were adjusted to reflect these assumptions.

Assuming that (1) $12,500,000 in Oregon Inlet-dependent commercial fishery landings are purchased by Dare Co. seafood processors as raw fish input, and (2) $0.50 in raw fish input is purchased for every dollar of sales revenue, an estimate of $25,000,000 is derived for annual Oregon Inlet-dependent seafood packing/processing sales in Dare Co. (2005 $ s). The multiplier effects of the $12,500,000 in raw fish input are presented in Chapter IV, reporting the economic impacts of the commercial fishing sector. The multiplier effects of the remaining $12,500,000 in seafood processing sales revenue are calculated using IMPLAN model sector 71 (seafood product preparation and processing) by telling the model that all raw fish input is imported from outside the region (this last assumption ensures that IMPLAN does not double-count the regional multiplier effects of the raw fish input, reported in the commercial fishing section of this study).

Output tables resulting from IMPLAN with direct, indirect, induced, and total economic impacts by industry are lengthy and are therefore included in Appendix E on Tables E-1 through E-4. The total impacts on government tax revenues are included on Table E-5. All dollar-denominated results are reported in year 2005 dollars. As with commercial fishing, impact estimates are provided for five impact categories:

Employment Economic output / business activity Wages/salaries/sole proprietor income/partnership income Rental income and corporation income Government tax and fee revenues

Economic Impacts Summary A summary of the economic impact of the Dare County seafood packing/processing industry within Dare County is presented in Table V-1. It is assumed that if Oregon Inlet is closed, Oregon Inlet-dependent fishery landings would be lost, and the associated economic impacts presented in Table V-1 would be lost. The seafood packer/processors might remain in business, depending on the volume of non-Oregon Inlet-dependent fishery landings available for packing/processing, but the economic benefits to the region would be reduced by the amounts shown in Table V-1 were the Oregon Inlet-dependent landings to be lost.

Within Dare County, an estimated $33,425,367 in economic output is supported by the seafood packing/processing industry, including multiplier effects. An estimated 238 total jobs

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT are supported. Total wages, salaries, rents and profits supported in the county amount to more than $8.4 million. The Federal government receives $2.1 million in taxes and fees, and local and state governments receive approximately $0.9 million, from seafood packing/processing industry activity and that of supplying businesses and supported household spending.

Table V-1. Summary of Oregon Inlet-Dependent Seafood Packing/Processing Economic Impacts Impact Indirect Induced Direct Impact Total Impact Category Impact Impact Output1 $25,000,000 $3,463,326 $4,962,043 $33,425,367 Employment2 132 38 68 238 Wages/Salaries/ Proprietor $3,757,228 $1,220,714 $2,134,399 $7,112,340 Profits3 Rent/Corp $0 $510,112 $874,634 $1,384,746 Profits4 Fed Govt5 $2,149,376 State/Local $890,092 Govt5 1 Output/Business Activity Impacts (2005 $ s). 2 All jobs, full-time and part-time. 3 Wages/Salaries/Sole Proprietorship/Partnership Income Impacts (2005 $ s). 4 Rental Income and Corporation Income Impacts (2005 $ s). Note: All seafood processors assumed to be sole proprietorships or partnerships rather than corporations for the purposes of calculating direct impacts. Any corporation profits included in direct impacts are included under the Wages/Salaries/Proprietor Profits category. 5 Government Tax and Fee Revenue Impacts (2005 $ s).

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

VI. BOAT BUILDING & SUPPORT SERVICES The boat building business has a significant impact on the Dare County economy. Boat building businesses represented seven of the top ten manufacturing employers in Dare County in 2005, accounting for approximately 500 of the 800 manufacturing jobs in the County (NCESC, 2005). An additional 88 business located in northeastern NC counties provide marine-related supplies and direct support services to the boat building and boatyard industries (NCwaterways.com). Given an estimated winter employment in Dare County of 19,771 jobs (NCESC 2005), the boat building sector directly or indirectly supports about 5% (956 jobs) of off season county employment. An estimated 266 additional jobs are supported in surrounding counties within the region.

This region boasts the birthplace of Carolina Style boat building, a style which originated to withstand the incomparable Oregon Inlet waters and rough seas offshore of Bodie and Pea Islands. Local boat builders are directly dependent on Oregon Inlet, as the valuable reputation of the boats for strength and durability is maintained by continuous research and testing in the uniquely rough waters offshore.

This chapter will present pertinent information and perspectives gained from field interviews conducted with several local boat-builders followed by modeling methodology and analysis results for Oregon Inlet-dependent boat building and support services.

Boat Building & Support Services Interviews Field interviews were conducted with five individuals including four current owners of boat- building businesses and one individual owner of numerous support service businesses. All boat-builders interviewed built custom sport-fishing yachts (typically 60-70 feet). In general, all interviewees stressed the significance of the boat-building industry to the local and regional economies. Interviewees noted that previous economic studies had not considered the importance of this industry.

As noted, local boat builders are directly dependent on Oregon Inlet, as the valuable reputation of the boats for strength and durability is maintained by continuous research and testing in the uniquely rough waters offshore. When asked, If Oregon Inlet were not navigable, would your annual sales increase, decrease, or not change? If an increase or decrease, estimate the percentage change , interviewees consistently responded that their business would see a decrease in annual sales. The estimated percentage change ranged from 50% to 100%. Boat-builders further noted that a significant amount of their business and exposure arises from local fishing tournament participants who are drawn to the area s unique sport-fishing yachts.

Despite the range in expected revenue decreases, a majority of interviewees noted that if Oregon Inlet were not navigable, they would likely close their business. One interviewee noted that trying to pick up and move their boat-building business to another location other

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT than Dare County (Oregon Inlet), would be comparable to trying to grow Vidalia onions somewhere other than Vidalia, Georgia. It was noted that employees in the boat-building businesses would likely relocate to another inlet North or South where they could use their trade in the boat-building industry.

Loss of navigability of Oregon Inlet would also have a significant impact on marine support service businesses located in the area, as noted by one interviewee who owned three marine related businesses in the area. These businesses which directly support the boat-building businesses, among other marine related sectors, included a marine maintenance facility, a marina and dry storage facility and a welding business, supplying aluminum and stainless steel products for charter and private boats, fishing rod racks, and performing all types of marine fabrication. With the exception of the marina (dry storage facility), this interviewee noted that the businesses would all experience a devastating loss of revenue if Oregon Inlet were not navigable. Since the marina accommodates smaller boats, which may be able to navigate the inlet at shallower depths, this business would see the least impact, however still significant.

Economic Modeling & Results Boat-Building & Support Service Industries Based on the field interviews, it was assumed that 16 boat building companies exist in Dare County producing custom sport fishing yachts. These companies directly employ a total of 500-600 workers. From April 2005 through February 2006, 18 boats were launched. As of March 2006, approximately 37 boats were under construction. The sales price per boat ranges from $2 million to $4 million, with an average sales price of $3.0 million in 2005 dollars. Dare County boat builders buy some of their materials locally, including glass, electronics, fuel and water tanks, and miscellaneous small tools and hardware items. For example, Harbor Welding provides fuel tanks and water tanks to boat builders. Many other production inputs are purchased from vendors located outside Dare County; however, several large boat building materials supply companies (e.g. Lewis Marine (marine supply), located in Edenton, NC, Paxton (marine supply), located in Norfolk, VA, and World Panel Products (wood supply), located in Windsor, NC) have moved into the region to service Dare County.

IMPLAN Modeling Analysis The full economic impacts of Oregon Inlet-dependent boat building activity are estimated using the IMPLAN model to conduct regional input-output analysis (see Chapter II, Economic Analysis Methods). Appendix B includes specific IMPLAN modeling assumptions and settings for the boat building sector. Input-output analysis requires a defined study region. As the boat building businesses of interest are located in Dare County, NC, this county is included in the study region. In addition, surrounding counties in northeastern North Carolina (Beaufort, Bertie, Camden, Carteret, Chowan, Currituck, Dare, Gates, Hertford, Hyde, Martin, Pamlico, Pasquotank, Perquimans, Tyrrell, Washington) and southeastern Virginia (Chesapeake, Hampton, Newport News, Norfolk, Portsmouth, Suffolk, and Virginia Beach)

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT are included in the study region, as businesses in these counties supply and service the boat builders located in Dare County (see Figure VI-1).

Figure VI-1. NC and VA Counties Included in Economic Analysis of Boat-Building Sector

As discussed in Chapter II, Economic Analysis Methods, the economic analysis considers five types of impacts:

1. Changes in employment 2. Changes in economic output / business activity 3. Changes in workers wages, salaries, and benefits, and small business (sole proprietorship and partnership) income/profits 4. Changes in rents and corporate profits 5. Changes in government tax receipts at the Federal, state and local levels

Employment results are reported as total number of jobs supported, including both full-time and part-time jobs (the data are not sufficient to distinguish full-time from part-time jobs).

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

Results for economic impact categories (2)-(5) are reported on an annual basis. Each of the five types of economic impacts listed above is composed of three components: (i) the direct impact component, (ii) the indirect impact component, and (iii) the induced impact component.

Direct Economic Impacts Based on the foregoing information, for the purposes of this analysis, we assume that 25 boats/yr will be built in Dare County at an average sales price of $3.0 million per boat, producing a direct impact of $75 million in output/business activity for the boat building sector of the economy.

Indirect, Induced and Total Economic Impacts Multiplier effects (indirect and induced impacts) were calculated for two geographic regions, (1) Dare County, and (2) a larger region consisting of Dare County and the surrounding counties in northeastern North Carolina and southeastern Virginia (see Figure VI-1). The larger regional analysis is performed to capture the economic impacts of a reduction in Dare County boat building activity on boat building materials and service-supplying companies in the region. The indirect impact component measures the economic ripple effects on industries that supply/service the directly-impacted industries. The induced impact component measures consumer spending feedback effects .

Output tables resulting from IMPLAN with direct, indirect, induced, and total economic impacts by industry are lengthy and are therefore included in Appendix F on Tables F-1 through F-10. The total impacts on government tax revenues are included on Table F-5 and F-10, where F-5 considers only North Carolina impacts and Table F-10 includes North Carolina and Virginia impacts. All dollar-denominated results are reported in year 2005 dollars. Impact estimates are provided for five impact categories:

Employment Economic output / business activity Wages/salaries/sole proprietor income/partnership income Rental income and corporation income Government tax and fee revenues

Economic Impacts Summary Summaries of the economic impacts of the Dare County boat building industry within Dare County and on the region are presented in Table VI-1 and Table VI-2, respectively. It is assumed that since these businesses are dependent on access to Oregon Inlet for testing their craft and maintaining the reputation of their brands for toughness and durability, if Oregon Inlet is closed, these businesses would close, and their economic impacts on the region would be lost. This is consistent with responses received in the field interviews.

Within Dare County, an estimated $110,523,231 in economic output is supported by the boat building industry, including multiplier effects. A total of 956 jobs are supported. Total

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT wages, salaries, rents and profits supported in the region amount to more than $50 million. The Federal government receives $6.5 million while the local and state governments receive $3.2 million in taxes and fees from the Dare County boat building industry, supplying businesses, and supported household spending.

Accounting for regional economic impacts outside Dare County increases impact estimates by approximately 27%. Taking the differences of the indirect and induced impacts numbers across Table VI-1 and Table VI-2 provides estimates of the regional economic impacts occurring outside Dare County. For example, an additional $29,318,036 ($139,841,567 - $110,523,231) in regional economic output is supported outside Dare County by the purchases of Dare County boat building businesses.

Table VI-1. Summary of Oregon Inlet-Dependent Boat Building and Support Services Economic Impacts (Dare County Only) Indirect Induced Impact Category Direct Impact Total Impact Impact Impact Output1 $75,000,000 $7,203,796 $28,319,415 $110,523,231 Employment2 508 80 368 956 Wages/Salaries/ Proprietor $18,106,164 $2,567,350 $11,618,812 $32,292,326 Profits3 Rent/Corp $12,285,552 $1,539,906 $4,698,111 $18,523,570 Profits4 Fed Govt5 $6,525,237 State/Local $3,235,075 Govt5 1 Output/Business Activity Impacts (2005 $ s) 2 All jobs, full-time and part-time 3 Wages/Salaries/Sole Proprietorship/Partnership Income Impacts (2005 $ s) 4 Rental Income and Corporation Income Impacts (2005 $ s) 5 Government Tax and Fee Revenue Impacts (2005 $ s)

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

Table VI-2. Summary of Oregon Inlet-Dependent Boat Building and Support Services Economic Impacts (Northeastern NC, Including Dare County and Southeastern VA) Impact Direct Indirect Induced Impact Total Impact Category Impact Impact Output1 $75,000,000 $17,850,501 $46,991,050 $139,841,563 Employment2 521 141 573 1,235 Wages/Salaries/ Proprietor $17,515,428 $5,700,022 $22,453,857 $45,669,308 Profits3 Rent/Corp $12,107,226 $3,453,039 $6,874,262 $22,434,526 Profits4 Fed Govt5 $7,441,012 State/Local $4,806,248 Govt5 1 Output/Business Activity Impacts (2005 $ s). 2 All jobs, full-time and part-time. 3 Wages/Salaries/Sole Proprietorship/Partnership Income Impacts (2005 $ s). 4 Rental Income and Corporation Income Impacts (2005 $ s). 5 Government Tax and Fee Revenue Impacts (2005 $ s).

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

VII. OREGON INLET DEPENDENT RECREATIONAL FISHING & TOURISM

The area offshore of the northern Outer Banks is considered one of the prime sportfishing regions along the East Coast due to its close proximity to the Gulf Stream and extended seasons of abundant fishing opportunities (e.g. marlin, tuna). The recreational sport fishery is vast and varied, including large headboat recreational fishing vessels, smaller for-hire charter fishing vessels, and private fishing boats. Many tourists who visit the beaches on the Outer Banks islands of Dare County include a recreational fishing trip through Oregon Inlet on their vacation itinerary.

In addition to general recreational fishing, sportfishing tournaments are thriving in the Oregon Inlet region. Approximately 14 known tournaments take place annually in the County originating mainly at Pirates Cove marina, in Manteo or at various locations in Hatteras Village. Appendix G contains a list of these tournaments and estimates of the length of each tournament (days) and the number of participants. In summary, more than 500 boats annually are expected to participate in sportfishing tournaments dependent on passage through Oregon Inlet. These tournaments draw significant economic benefits to the County ranging from expenditures on fishing gear, lodging, food, retail to custom boat sales, marine maintenance, and/or boat storage.

These recreational fishing activities generate additional economic benefits for the region, in particular for the tourism industry. The recreation and tourism industry was the largest provider of service jobs in Dare County in 2005, providing approximately 5,000 of 17,500 service jobs in the county (NCESC, 2005). Although many of these jobs are related to beach tourism and recreation, which is not dependent on Oregon Inlet navigability, a significant number of jobs in the industry are related to sport fishing, which is dependent on the inlet for access to the ocean fishing grounds which contain the fish species prized by sport fishermen.

Recreational Fishing & Tourism Interviews Various interview contacts provided invaluable information and data related to the recreational fishing and related tourism industry. Interviews were held with managers of major fishing centers or marinas in the areas as well as an individual overseeing a majority of sport fishing tournaments in the area. In particular, the interview questionnaires attempted to estimate inlet usage, typical expenditures for boaters, and the expected reaction of boaters if the average depth of the inlet were shallower or deeper than current depths. There was also a specific portion of the questionnaire that addressed fishing tournaments. The questionnaires and responses can be seen in Appendix A.

In general, interviewees noted the astounding number of boats, both private and charter, that regularly utilize Oregon Inlet. They also emphasized the attraction of the inlet to locals and

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT tourists who flock to the Oregon Inlet Fishing Center, located on the North side of Oregon Inlet, to simply watch catch come in. Numbers of recreational fishing trips, including charter and private were estimated using National Marine Fisheries data, as will be discussed in the following section. However, interviewees at the Oregon Inlet Fishing Center alone noted the magnitude of fishing trips originating from the Center and the adjacent public boat ramp maintained by the National Park Service. It was noted that on a typical peak season day, the public boat ramp parking lot adjacent to Oregon Inlet Fishing Center, is filled to double the parking lot capacity which is approximately 80 spaces at any given time of day. Trips from the Center are at minimum 40 per day. This amounts to at least 200 boat fishing trips per day originating from one location in Dare County.

For those marinas or fishing centers located North of Oregon Inlet, interviewees noted that all boaters traveling into the Atlantic Ocean use Oregon Inlet for access. In order to evaluate whether boaters south of the inlet typically use Oregon Inlet or Hatteras Inlet, an interview was conducted at Oden s Dock in Hatteras. Hatteras is the closest village to the south with substantial marinas. The interviewee noted that almost all boats traveling to the Atlantic Ocean from locations in Hatteras would use Hatteras Inlet, due to its close proximity to the inlet.

All of these boaters traveling through Oregon Inlet spend a considerable amount of money in the County on lodging, food, gas, fishing supplies etc. Interviewees generally found it difficult to estimate expenditures; however, best judgment was given where possible. The economic analysis utilized these estimates along with expenditure estimates from previous related studies to evaluate the economic impact of the recreational fishing and related tourism industries.

When asked about the present inlet condition (e.g. current depths), interviewees generally noted that the inlet condition was poor at best. Several interviewees noted concern over the general safety of recreational boaters using the inlet. In particular, as private recreational boaters are more likely to be less aware of present inlet conditions and/or less experienced at handling the rough waters, the safety of these boaters was a significant and prevalent concern.

In terms of inlet usage and corresponding economic impacts, interviewees generally expected that if the present channel depth was increased and maintained at a depth of 14 feet, the condition would be viewed as fair to excellent for recreational usage (e.g. smaller non- commercial vessels) and the economic response would be an increase in the number of fishing trips through the inlet and a resulting increase in revenues at major fishing centers. If inlet dredging was to cease, and the average depth of the inlet channel were only 7 feet, interviewees generally responded that the economic impact would be devastating to the recreational fishing sector and related support businesses in Dare County. It was noted that most charter boats would not be able to pass through the inlet at an average depth of 7 feet. An exception to this response came from the interviewee located in Hatteras Village who estimated that marinas and businesses located near Hatteras Inlet may see an increase in usage of Hatteras Inlet and related revenues.

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

Finally, a specific portion of the interview questionnaires addressed fishing tournaments originating in the area. Almost all fishing tournaments (approximately 14 known in the County) are run out of Pirate s Cove marina, in Manteo, therefore the fishing tournament director at Pirates Cove provided invaluable information on the economic significance of these tournaments to Dare County. These tournaments draw significant numbers of visitors to the region increasing revenues for supporting businesses in the tourism and fishing industries. Additionally, it should be noted that interviewees in the boat-building industry commented that a large percentage of their sales came from fishing tournament participants drawn to the area s unique sport-fishing yachts and that many of these sales were from repeat customers. Therefore, it is clear the fishing tournament industry alone has a tremendous ripple effect on supporting businesses and the local economy.

In terms of inlet usage, ocean fishing tournaments originating from Pirates Cove are usually required under tournament regulations to use Oregon Inlet for ocean access. During one recent tournament, however, tournament participants were re-routed to Hatteras Inlet due to bad weather and dangerous inlet conditions at Oregon Inlet. While tournament participation was generally high for all tournaments, it was noted that the big Billfish tournament dropped in participants from 2004 to 2005 due to perceived inlet conditions. Additionally, 32 boats ran aground in Oregon Inlet during the 2005 Billfish tournament. Of these, 3 boats were replaced because damages caused by running aground were too severe to continue in the tournament. Typical expenditures from fishing tournament participants were best accounted for in a previous study of the Pirate s Cove Big Game Tournaments (Ditton, 1999) as summarized in Chapter III.

Economic Modeling & Results Oregon Inlet Dependent Recreational Fishing & Tourism The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) collects recreational fishing data annually with the Marine Recreational Fishery Statistics Survey (MRFSS). The MRFSS is a creel survey with information on fishing location, mode, target species, catch and harvest, and 2- month and 12-month fishing days. MRFSS data is collected by telephone and intercept surveys of anglers. The telephone surveys provide limited data on numbers of fishing trips, mode and area fished. The intercept surveys are more detailed and target anglers who are either 1) fishing from a charter or headboat, 2) fishing from a private or rented boat or 3) fishing along the shore (e.g. pier, banks). There are approximately 51 intercept sites in Dare County, including marinas, public boat ramps, and fishing piers or beach accesses. It is important to note that recreational sportfishing tournament trips are not included in the MRFSS database and required a separate analysis that will be discussed later.

Periodically, the NMFS collects additional data from anglers with economic add-on surveys. In the southeast region, economic add-ons have taken place in 1997, 1999 and 2000. An expenditure add-on is being conducted in 2006. The most comprehensive of the MRFSS southeastern add-on surveys was in 1997 when data on expenditures, household income, location-specific trips, mode-specific trips, target species-specific trips and willingness to pay

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT for various management measures were collected with on-site and telephone follow-up surveys. The 1997 data supports analysis of economic impacts (Gentner, Price and Steinback, 2001) and recreational demand (Haab, Whitehead and McConnell, 2000). In 1999, expenditures data were collected that supports economic impact analysis. In 2000, income and other data were collected that supports recreational demand analysis.

The 1997 and 2000 MRFSS follow-up data were used to estimate the economic impacts and value of Oregon Inlet-dependent recreational fishing trips of residents and tourists. Oregon Inlet-dependent recreational fishing trips are defined as trips in which (1) the angler was interviewed in Dare County, (2) most of the fishing effort occurred in the ocean and (3) the angler fished from a charter or private/rental boat (the MRFSS does not include head boat anglers in North Carolina). Further, we consider only hook and line anglers to avoid the potential double counting of commercial fishermen impacts.

Oregon Inlet Dependent Recreational Fishing Trips and Expenditures The economic impacts of Oregon Inlet-dependent recreational fishing and tourism are a function of the product of fishing trips and expenditures. Aggregate trips are obtained from NMFS estimates based on the MRFSS surveys (personal communication, NMFS, 2006). The results of this web-based query are presented in Table VII-1. It should be noted that the number of trips reported in Table VII-1 are people-trips. For example, if a boat makes a trip carrying three people, this trip will amount to 3 individual trips in the NMFS count. As shown, NMFS estimates of charter fishing trips in North Carolina range from 291,000 in 1997 to 171,000 in 2004 (the last available year for estimates). Private/rental boat trips range from 700,000 in 1997 to 1,300,000 in 2004.

Aggregate estimates of Dare County fishing trips were not available from NMFS and were developed using MRFSS primary data. Dare County trips are estimated by applying a scale factor to the North Carolina trips. The 1997 MRFSS add-on telephone survey collected data on fishing days by location, location and mode, and location, mode and target species. For the purposes of this analysis, fishing days by location (Dare County) and mode (charter and private/rental boat) were needed.

Since the telephone survey data is likely subject to non-response and/or sample selection bias the fishing days estimates from the intercept survey and the telephone follow-up survey were compared. Indeed, the number of days fished by anglers intercepted on-site is about one fewer than anglers who participated in the telephone follow-up survey. The number of days fished were adjusted by multiplying by the average number of days fished by telephone follow-up anglers and dividing by the average number of days fished by intercept interview anglers. With this adjustment, the days fished by the telephone follow-up anglers are not different than the days fished by the intercept interview anglers.

The number of Dare County charter and private/rental boat mode fishing trips in Table VII-1 are equal to the North Carolina fishing trips scaled down by the fraction of trips that take place in Dare County according to the primary MRFSS data adjusted as described above. The

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT scale factor for charter boats is 0.174 and for private/rental boats is 0.61. As shown, the number of charter fishing trips in Dare County range from 51,000 in 1997 to 30,000 in 2004. Private/rental boat trips range from 427,000 in 1997 to 795,000 in 2004.

Table VII-1. Charter and Private/Rental Boat (Per Person) Fishing Trips North Carolina Boat Mode Oregon-Inlet Dependent Year Charter Private/Rental Charter Private/Rental 1997 291,439 700,266 50,710 427,162 1998 230,657 607,675 40,134 370,682 1999 217,127 888,731 37,780 542,126 2000 190,193 1,056,258 33,094 644,317 2001 196,976 881,096 34,274 537,469 2002 176,353 702,515 30,685 428,534 2003 169,491 939,886 29,491 573,330 2004 170,917 1,304,093 29,740 795,497 Averages 205,394 885,065 35,739 539,890

Expenditure estimates were obtained from the 1997 intercept interview add-on MRFSS survey and reported per person trip. A summary of expenditures for charter and private/rental fishing trips is presented in Table VII-2. Three categories of per trip expenditures are elicited.

Travel expenditure data were collected with the question: How much did you, personally, spend to travel from your residence to the fishing or boat launch site (round-trip costs)? Please consider expenditures on gas, tolls, ferry fees, parking, etc. Travel expenditures for charter boat and private/rental boat anglers were $107 and $297 per trip, respectively. These expenditures were broken down into fuel and food by applying weights developed from Gentner, Price and Steinbeck (2001).

Anglers who spent at least one night away from home were asked: How much will you, personally, pay for lodging? Lodging expenditures for charter boat and private/rental boat anglers are $300 and $63 per trip, per person, respectively. Charter boat lodging expenditures are significantly higher than private/rental boat lodging expenditures because private boat owners tend to stay fewer nights than charter boat passengers.

Fishing-related expenditure data were collected with the question: How much did you, personally, spend to purchase or rent fishing equipment, and for bait, licenses, gas and launch fees for your boat for this trip? Please do not include charter/guide services and boat rental fees. Fishing expenditures for charter boat and private/rental boat anglers are $51 and $2 per trip, per person, respectively. The per trip, per person charter fees, obtained from Gentner, Price and Steinbeck (2001), are $151.

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

Table VII-2. Per Trip (Per Person) Fishing Expenditures (2004 dollars) Dare County Boat Mode Fishing Trips Expenditures Charter Private/Rental Travel $107.68 $297.08 Fuel $39.15 $108.03 Food $68.52 $189.05 Lodging $300.22 $63.00 Fishing $51.28 $1.91 Charter fees $151.15

The total direct expenditures for all trips were then computed as the product of the average number of trips from 1997-2004 (see Table VII-1) and per trip expenditures (Table VII-2). These total direct expenditures are reported in Table VII-3. As shown, we estimate that charter boat anglers annually spend $3.8 million on travel, $11 million on lodging, $1.8 million on fishing and $5.4 million on charter fees. Private/rental boat anglers spent $160 million on travel, $34 million on lodging and $1 million on fishing.

Table VII-3. Total Direct Expenditures All Trips (2004 dollars)

Dare County Boat Mode Fishing Trips Expenditures Charter Private/Rental Travel $3,848,151 $160,388,690 Fuel $1,399,328 $58,323,160 Food $2,448,824 $102,065,530 Lodging $10,729,279 $34,013,156 Fishing $1,832,774 $1,032,053 Charter fees $5,401,886 $0

As stated previously the MRFSS database does not include sportfishing tournament trips. These tournaments are dependent on Oregon Inlet because vessels fishing in the tournaments must use Oregon Inlet to access offshore ocean waters where trophy fish species, such as the billfish species, are located.

Recreational fishing tournaments for trophy fish caught in ocean waters off Cape Hatteras bring significant additional recreational fishing revenues to the region. Appendix G presents a list of the annual fishing tournaments dependent on Oregon Inlet. Although the tournaments are relatively short in duration, from one to four days in length, they occur throughout the summer and fall fishing season, from May through December. The number of boats participating in a tournament ranges from 15 to 130, with a total of approximately 500 vessels participating each season (excluding the Manteo Rotary Rockfish Tournament, where fishing is allowed from the surf and in the sound, making the tournament not wholly Oregon Inlet- dependent).

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

It was assumed that the number of tournament fishing boat trips is equal to the sum of the number of vessels participating in each of the tournaments listed in Appendix G, or 500 trips.

Most tournament fishermen reported that they fished with family and friends during the tournament. Most charter fishing vessels accommodate six passengers. Estimates of the number of tournament fishermen were made by multiplying the number of participating fishing vessels, 500, by six passengers per vessel, yielding an estimate of 3,000 tournament person trips per year.

The best recent information on tournament fisherman expenditures in the study region is given by Ditton, et al. (2000). On average, each tournament fisherman spent $5,219 per tournament trip in 1999, of which 94% was spent in Dare County. The expenditures are distributed across various goods and services as shown in Table VII-4. Table VII-4 also presents these tournament expenditures in year 2005-equivalent dollars (adjusted for inflation). It should be noted that the values in Table VII-4 are reported per person over the entire trip which included multiple fishing days as well as days spent in Dare County before and after the individual tournament.

Table VII-4. Tournament Fisherman Expenditures, Per Tournament (Over Entire Length of Trip), 1999 Source: Ditton, et al. (2000) Average Average Expenditure Expenditure Per Fisherman Per Fisherman Expenditure Per Tournament Per Tournament Category (1999 $ s) (2005 $ s) Auto Transport $77.48 $89.10 Other Transport $342.88 $394.31 Gas for boat $677.56 $779.19 Slip/Dock fees $276.53 $318.01 Charter fees $645.93 $742.82 Bait $142.91 $164.35 Fishing Tackle $168.62 $193.91 Boat repairs $280.53 $322.61 Lodging $723.74 $832.30 Restaurants $390.28 $448.82 Groceries $280.79 $322.91 Ice $48.32 $55.57 Tips $144.81 $166.53 Other $1,018.15 $1,170.87 Total $5,218.53 $6,001.31

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

The category Other transport includes mostly air transportation and is approximately 6% of total expenditures. As Dare County does not have a major airport, it was assumed that the Other transport expenditures are the approximately 6% of expenditures occurring outside Dare county, and all other expenditures occur inside Dare county.

Charter and Sportfishing Fishing Industry Revenues, Costs, and Income Charter fees (i.e., revenues) were broken down into charter boat owner expenditures and profit (Table VII-5). This breakdown is based on the field interviews of charter captains and supplemented with data from Holland, Fedler and Milon (1999) when needed. Variable costs, those expenditures that depend on the number of charter trips, were estimated to be $1.9 million annually. Fixed costs, those costs that must be paid regardless of the number of charter trips, were estimated at $1 million. The return to the charter vessel owner (i.e., profit or net revenue) was estimated to be $2.5 million annually.

Table VII-5. Charter Fishing Industry Revenues, Costs, and Profits Charter Revenues, Costs and Profit Revenues $5,401,886 Variable Costs Crew wages $450,157 Fuel costs $1,035,361 Bait costs $356,033 Ice $81,847 Fixed Costs Engine maintenance $160,005 Other maintenance $195,018 and repair Insurance $75,026 Interest on Vessel $207,176 Loan Other $378,920 Return to Vessel Owner $2,462,341

The dispersal of charter trip gross annual income earned by the vessel crew and owner is reported in Table VII-6. The charter fees going to crew wages and owner profits were broken down into taxes, savings and spending. The portion of taxes leaving Dare County includes federal, state and other taxes (further explanation can be found in Chapter IV, Commercial Fishing). The portion of taxes staying in Dare County includes property taxes (including houses, cars, and boats) and amounts to $99,000 for crew and owners. Household savings, estimated at the national average savings rate, are assumed to leave the county. Household spending, $271,000 for crew and $1,200,000 for owners, are assumed to stay within the county.

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

Table VII-6. Dispersal of Charter Fishing Trips Income

Gross 1 Household Taxes Household Household Annual Household Income 3 Direct Category Fishing Leaving Remaining In Savings 4 Range Spending Income County County2 $25,000- Crew $450,157 $139,099 $15,305 $24,759 $270,995* $75,000 Greater Vessel than $2,462,341 $1,048,957.45 $83,720 $135,429 $1,194,236* Owners $75,000 Totals $2,912,499 $1,188,056 $99,025* $160,187 $1,465,230

1 Taxes Leaving County = (net Federal and state income taxes) + (Social Security and Medicare taxes) = (15.6% (crew) or 27.3% (skippers & owners) of Gross Annual Income) + (15.3% of Gross Annual Income) 2 Local Property T axes = 3.4% of Gross Annual Income. (Average for Dare County, NC) 3 Household Savings = 5.5% of Gross Annual Income. (U.S. average for relevant income categories.) 4 Household Direct Spending = Gross Annual Income - All Taxes - Household Savings. *Money staying within the region.

Using the same methods as those outlined above, the revenues, costs, and profits for sportfishing tournaments could be calculated. The $909.35 in combined Charter fees and Tips listed in Table VII-4 are distributed as follows:

Table VII-7. Expenditure Pattern for Charter Fees and Tips Paid By Tournament Fishermen Average Expenditure Per Fisherman Per Tournament Expenditure Category (1999 $ s) Crew wages $76 Fuel costs $174 Bait costs $60 Ice $14 Engine maintenance $27 Other maintenance and repair $33 Insurance $13 Interest on Vessel Loan $35 Other fixed cost $64 ("business services" sector)

Return to Vessel Owner $415

All expenditures in Table VII-7 are assumed to be spent within the region, except crew wages and returns to vessel owners, which must be adjusted for taxes and savings that leave the

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT region. After adjusting for taxes and savings, $46 of crew wages, $201 in vessel owner profits and $17 in local property taxes are spent within the region.

IMPLAN Modeling Analysis The full economic impacts of Oregon Inlet-dependent recreational fishing and tourism activities were estimated using the IMPLAN model to conduct regional input-output analysis (see Chapter II, Economic Analysis Methods). Appendix B contains the specific IMPLAN modeling assumptions made for the recreational fishing and related tourism sector. Input- output analysis requires a defined study region. As the industries supporting recreational fishing are located in Dare County, Dare County was used as the study region.

As discussed in Chapter II, Economic Analysis Methods, the economic analysis considers five types of impacts:

1. Changes in employment 2. Changes in economic output / business activity 3. Changes in workers wages, salaries, and benefits, and small business (sole proprietorship and partnership) income/profits 4. Changes in rents and corporate profits 5. Changes in government tax receipts at the Federal, state and local levels

Direct Economic Impacts The direct economic impacts of recreational fishing are equal to the direct spending by private/rental anglers, plus the non-charter fee direct spending by charter fishermen and sportfish tournament fishermen, plus a portion of the charter fee direct spending by charter fishermen and sportfish tournament fishermen. The portion of charter fees contributing to direct impacts is equal to the household direct spending by charter vessel owners and crew, plus local property taxes paid by charter vessel owners and crew, plus the direct non-wage expenditures of charter fishing vessels (i.e., expenditures on fuel, ice, dry dock, etc.). The direct impacts reported in Table VII-8, Table VII-9, and Table VII-10 are somewhat less than the sum of these numbers due to adjustment for the fractions of these expenditures spent on regional imports.

Indirect, Induced and Total Economic Impacts The direct spending by recreational anglers, plus local property taxes paid by charter fishing crew and vessel owners, plus the direct non-wage expenditures of fishing vessels (i.e., expenditures on fuel, ice, dry dock, etc.) give rise to indirect and induced economic impacts

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

(multiplier effects). The IMPLAN economic input-output model is used to estimate the multiplier effects (i.e., the indirect and induced impacts) arising from direct spending.

Output tables resulting from IMPLAN with direct, indirect, induced, and total economic impacts by industry are lengthy and are therefore included in Appendix H on Tables H-1 through H-15, separated by charter fishing, private/rental fishing vessels, and sportfish tournaments. The total impacts on government tax revenues are included on Tables H-5, H- 10, and H-15. All dollar-denominated results are reported in year 2005 dollars. Impact estimates are provided for five impact categories:

Employment Economic output / business activity Wages/salaries/sole proprietor income/partnership income Rental income and corporation income Government tax and fee revenues

Economic Impacts Summary If the navigability of Oregon Inlet is not maintained, recreational anglers would have various options. First, they might use the same Outer Banks or Albemarle or Pamlico Sounds boat launch site but use Hatteras Inlet or Ocracoke Inlet for their ocean fishing trips. Second, they might use the same boat launch sites but fish in the sounds instead of the ocean. Third, they might use different launch sites in North Carolina (i.e., the southern North Carolina coast from Brunswick County to Carteret County) for ocean fishing trips. More extreme decisions would involve switching to shore mode fishing, choosing another state for fishing or choosing a recreation activity other than fishing.

Due to the lack of data available to estimate the various effects, it is difficult to assess the net losses of alternative fishing decisions. Instead, focus was placed on the potential losses to Dare County. If the Oregon Inlet anglers were to relocate due to a loss of navigability in Oregon Inlet, Dare County would lose employment, wages, and profits in industries that directly receive fishing-specific spending. These direct losses to Dare County are measured by the direct impact columns of Table VII-8, Table VII-9, and Table VII-10.

Other Dare County employees and businesses owners would also suffer reductions in employment, wages, rents and profits due to economic multiplier effects. These losses are measured by the Indirect and Induced economic impacts presented in Table VII-8, Table VII-9, and Table VII-10. The combined effects of Direct, Indirect and Induced Impacts are presented in the Total Impact columns of these tables.

Only the total impacts of government tax and fee revenues are presented since the IMPLAN modeling software produces estimates of total impacts only for taxes and fees. If we assume that the Federal government would receive similar revenues and fees if overall fishing trips remain constant, then the Federal government portion of the impacts should not be included in the overall impact estimate. However, should anglers relocate outside of Dare County or the

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

State of North Carolina, the Dare County and State of North Carolina governments would face reductions in tax collections and revenues.

The total annual economic impact of Oregon Inlet dependent charter fishing trips on output is $39.3 million (Table VII-8). Wages, salaries and proprietor profits are $16.7 million and rent and corporation profits are $7.2 million. Oregon Inlet dependent charter fishing trips are responsible for 596 jobs. The impact on the Federal and State/Local government is $2.9 and $3.3 million, respectively.

The total annual economic impact of Oregon Inlet dependent private/rental boat fishing trips on output is $431.9 million (Table VII-9). Wages, salaries and proprietor profits are $179.9 and rent and corporation profits are $57.7 million. Oregon Inlet dependent private/rental boat fishing trips are responsible for 7,212 jobs. The impact on the Federal and State/Local government is $29.9 and $32.0 million, respectively.

The total annual economic impact of Oregon Inlet dependent sportfish tournament fishing trips on output is $31.0 million (Table VII-10). Wages, salaries and proprietor profits are $13.1 and rent and corporation profits are $4.4 million. Oregon Inlet dependent private/rental boat fishing trips are responsible for 480 jobs. The impact on the Federal and State/Local government is $2.1 and $2.0 million, respectively.

Combining all segments of the industry, the total annual economic impact of Oregon Inlet dependent recreational fishing and tourism on output/business activity is $502.3 million (Table VII-11). Wages, salaries and proprietor profits are $209.7 and rent and corporation profits are $69.4 million. Oregon Inlet dependent recreational fishing and tourism support 8,288 jobs. The impact on the Federal and State/Local government is $35.0 and $37.5 million, respectively.

Table VII-8. Summary of Oregon Inlet-Dependent Recreational Charter Fishing Economic Impacts (2005 dollars) Indirect Induced Impact Category Direct Impact Total Impact Impact Impact Output $18,188,973 $3,219,655 $17,921,211 $39,329,840 Employment1 341 32 224 596 Wages/Salaries/Proprietor $6,783,936 $1,084,838 $8,809,572 $16,678,346 Profits Rent/Corp Profits $4,043,258 $644,720 $2,525,913 $7,213,812 Federal Government $2,901,280 State/Local Government $3,333,445 1All jobs, full-time and part-time.

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

Table VII-9. Summary of Oregon Inlet-Dependent Recreational Private/Rental Fishing Economic Impacts (2005 dollars) Indirect Induced Impact Category Direct Impact Total Impact Impact Impact Output $195,433,869 $56,329,209 $180,164,803 $431,927,890 Employment1 4,427 538 2,247 7,212 Wages/Salaries/Proprietor Profits $75,020,759 $17,715,100 $87,142,710 $179,878,568 Rent/Corp Profits $20,065,901 $11,451,744 $26,192,251 $57,708,174 Federal Government $29,940,838 State/Local Government $32,087,169 1All jobs, full-time and part-time.

Table VII-10. Summary of Oregon Inlet-Dependent Recreational Sportfish Tournament Fishing Economic Impacts (2005 dollars) Indirect Induced Impact Category Direct Impact Total Impact Impact Impact Output $14,441,558 $3,531,799 $13,055,262 $31,028,620 Employment1 281 37 162 480 Wages/Salaries/Proprietor $5,637,297 $1,242,678 $6,263,942 $13,143,917 Profits Rent/Corp Profits $1,876,370 $659,592 $1,917,288 $4,453,249 Federal Government $2,136,047 State/Local Government $2,040,217 1All jobs, full-time and part-time.

Table VII-11. Summary of Oregon Inlet-Dependent Recreational Fishing and Tourism (2005 dollars) Indirect Induced Impact Category Direct Impact Total Impact Impact Impact Output $228,064,400 $63,080,663 $211,141,276 $502,286,350 Employment1 5,049 607 2,633 8,288 Wages/Salaries/Proprietor $87,441,992 $20,042,616 $102,216,224 $209,700,831 Profits Rent/Corp Profits $25,985,529 $12,756,056 $30,635,452 $69,375,235 Federal Government $34,978,165 State/Local Government $37,460,831 1All jobs, full-time and part-time.

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

Consumer Surplus In addition to the economic impacts described above, another economic benefit calculated by using other methods is the value that recreational sport fishermen receive from the experience of Oregon Inlet-related sport fishing, value beyond what is spent on goods and services needed to make the trip. This value of the sport fishing experience is the difference between what a fisherman would be willing to pay to take the fishing trip and what he actually paid to take the trip. This difference is known as consumer surplus value, because it measures the surplus value consumers receive from an experience beyond what is actually paid for the experience. This value is real and arises in many economic situations. The amount that a sport fisherman would be willing to pay for an Oregon Inlet-related fishing trip is limited by the opportunity to take other, though perhaps less satisfying, substitute trips to alternative fishing destinations. For example, although a sport fisherman might be willing to pay more for an Oregon Inlet-related sport fishing trip, due to the Oregon Inlet sport fishery s unique characteristics, the sport fisherman would not be willing to pay an infinite amount more, due to the availability of substitute fishing opportunities.

The travel cost method is used to provide an estimate of the consumer surplus loss associated with the lost navigability of Oregon Inlet. The traditional single-site travel cost model focuses on the number of trips taken and can be used to estimate a downward sloping demand curve. In contrast, a random utility model uses information from multiple recreation sites and explains the recreation site selection decision. Individuals choose a recreation site based on differences in trip costs and site characteristics (e.g., historic catch rate) between the alternative sites. Statistical analysis of the relationship between site characteristics and anglers site choices using logistic regression allows estimation of changes in consumer surplus arising from many changes in site availability or site characteristics (Haab and McConnell, 2002).

Both types of travel cost method can be used to estimate the consumer surplus values of marine recreational fishing trips. Consumer surplus is the angler s willingness to pay for a change in fishing conditions. In the case of a loss of Oregon Inlet navigability, consumer surplus is the angler s willingness to pay to avoid the loss of access to the inlet. Consumer surplus values are real economic values. For example, a boater that can not travel to the ocean via Oregon Inlet would spend time and money boating or driving to Hyde County to make the trip via Hatteras Inlet. This angler would be willing to pay the additional time and money costs in order to avoid closure of Oregon Inlet. In contrast to the economic impact estimates presented above, which are estimates of the effects of closure on the local economy, consumer surplus is the economic effect over and above changes in expenditures and revenues.

Nested random utility models (NRUM) allow for sequential choices required for the analysis. For example, in the standard NMFS travel cost marine recreational fishing model anglers are assumed to choose (1) target species and fishing mode and (2) fishing sites based on their attributes (Haab, Whitehead and McConnell, 2000). The mode-site choice NRUM developed here is based on the standard NMFS model. First, the angler chooses among three fishing modes (shore, charter boat, and private/rental boat fishing). Conditional on the mode choice from the first stage decision, the angler chooses the fishing site. The fishing sites are North

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT and South Carolina counties with multiple counties included together due to limited observations at some sites. In addition, according to the field interviews, boaters in southern Dare County (Buxton, Frisco and Hatteras) tend to use Hatteras Inlet instead of Oregon Inlet. These and shore mode anglers in the same part of the county are reassigned from Dare County to Hyde County within the model.

The theory behind the NRUM is that anglers consider fishing sites based on the utility (i.e., happiness) that each site provides. Anglers will tend to choose fishing sites that provide the most utility. The utility function depends on the costs and benefits of the fishing trip. Fishing costs include travel costs. Travel costs are equal to the product of round trip travel distance and an estimate of the cost per mile. In addition, a measure of lost income is included for anglers who lost wages during the trip. Benefits of the fishing trip include catch rates. The measured catch rate is set in the standard NMFS NRUM model by the historic targeted harvest of big game fish (e.g., tunas), bottom fish (e.g., spot, groupers), flat fish (e.g., flounders), and small game fish (e.g., mackerels). (Note: The independent variables are the same as in the standard NMFS model with one exception: anglers that do not target species do not have a proxy for site quality. In the standard model, the small game catch rate is used as the quality measure for respondents who do not target species. In effect, no target anglers choose fishing site based entirely on travel cost.) Five year (1995-1999) targeted historic catch and keep rates are calculated using MRFSS data at each of the zones to measure site quality. The NRUM exploits the empirical observation that anglers tend to choose fishing sites with relatively low travel costs and relatively high chances at fishing success.

The data used for the analysis was the 2000 MRFSS Southeast economic add-on as collected from North and South Carolina anglers. Focus was placed on shore, charter boat and private/rental boat hook-and-line anglers that fish the ocean. There were 2,292 anglers interviewed at North Carolina sites and 1,413 anglers at South Carolina sites.

The MRFSS add-on survey requests additional information so that the travel cost method can be employed with the intercept creel survey data. Key information collected is on single-day vs. multiple-day trips and if fishing is the primary purpose of the trip. The travel cost method typically employs only single-day fishing trips (i.e., trips in which the respondent did not spend any nights away from the permanent residence) because overnight trips usually have multiple purposes. This excluded 1692 and 791 anglers from North and South Carolina. Also excluded were single-day fishing trips in which the respondent would have taken the trip without fishing. Twenty-six and 55 North and South Carolina anglers were deleted for this reason.

Travel costs were computed using great circle distance (i.e., as the crow flies ) from the home zipcode to the zipcode of the primary coastal city in the nine county zones with the ZIPFIP adjustment for twists and turns in the road. (Note: The ZIPFIP software was developed by the USDA with a purpose of, among others, estimating travel distance between any two zipcodes. See http://www.ers.usda.gov/data/archive/93015/.) After all these exclusions, only those anglers with a one-way travel distance of 400 miles or less to at least

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT one of the fishing sites were considered. There were 574 and 567 North and South Carolina hook and line single-day trip anglers with complete data available for analysis.

Most of the remaining 1,121 anglers fish from private or rental boats (40 percent). Thirty-four percent fish from charter boats and 26 percent fish from shore. Most anglers do not target any fish species (61 percent of all anglers). Twenty-two percent target small game fish species. Seven percent target both bottom fish and flat fish species. Three percent target big game fish species. The most popular fishing sites were Dare County (17% of all trips), Carteret County (24%) and Charleston County (34%). Each of the 1121 anglers faced 24 possible mode/site choices. Shore fishing at two sites in South Carolina and charter fishing in Brunswick County, NC were excluded because these choices were not represented in the data.

The travel cost variable was calculated as in previous NMFS studies (Haab, Whitehead and McConnell, 2001) with travel cost including the opportunity cost of time if the angler gave up wages to take the trip. Time costs are calculated using estimated travel times (assuming an average speed of 40 miles per hour) and the wage rate. Transportation costs are calculated at $0.30 per mile traveled. The household wage rate was used as the opportunity cost of travel time. Only those respondents who reported that they lost income during the trip are assigned a time cost in the travel cost variable, tc $0.30 d w d / 40 , where d is the round trip distance for each individual to each site. The wage, w, is measured as household income (in thousands) divided by 2.08 (the number of fulltime hours potentially worked annually, in thousands). The average travel cost to the nine zones, one of which was chosen by the angler, was $366.

The NRUM was estimated using the full information maximum likelihood PROC MDC in SAS and presented in Table VII-12. The full information maximum likelihood routine estimates the two stages of choice jointly. The model likelihood ratio statistic indicates that all parameters are jointly significantly different from zero.

The likelihood that an angler would choose a county fishing zone is negatively related to the travel cost. The likelihood that an angler would choose a county fishing zone is positively related to the historic targeted small game fish catch rates. In addition to the variables described above, the model includes the log of the number of MRFSS intercept sites as an independent variable. The log of the number of interview sites is positively related to the site choice.

The mode choice is specified to depend on an index of utility at each mode (i.e., inclusive value). The parameter estimates on the mode-specific inclusive values are between 0 and 1 and statistically different from zero. The coefficients on the inclusive values are not statistically different from 1 which indicates that a non-nested (i.e., one stage site choice model) model may also be appropriate.

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

Table VII-12. Nested Random Utility Model

Coefficient T-statistic Travel cost -0.021 -25.03 Big game fish 0.844 1.63 Bottom fish 0.003 0.01 Flat fish 0.100 0.50 Small game fish 0.301 6.19 Log(intercept 1.172 13.08 sites) Inclusive value Shore 0.817 2.66 Charter 0.615 2.05 Private/Rental 0.886 3.09 Number of anglers 1121 Number of choices 27 Sample Size 26,904 Likelihood Ratio 3315 Likelihood Ratio 0.47 Index

A wide range of consumer estimates can be developed from the NRUM model including the loss of access to fishing sites and changes in catch rates. It was assumed that the loss of Oregon Inlet navigability reduces the likelihood that charter and private/rental boaters will fish off the northern Dare County coast (north of Cape Hatteras). Instead, these anglers might travel through Hatteras Inlet and fish off the southern Dare County and Hyde County coasts. The consumer surplus estimate is equal to the difference in the potential angler utility with the full range of choices available,V o , and with constrained choices, V , divided by the coefficient on the travel cost variable (i.e., the marginal utility of income): o CS V V tc . Haab and McConnell show that for the consumer surplus loss of site access in a NRUM is: m CS j|m ln (1 j|m ) m (1 m ) / TC where m is the mode-specific inclusive value, j|m is the probability that site j is chosen,

j 1,...,9 , conditional on the choice of mode m, m 1,2,3, and m is the probability that mode m is chosen.

Using this formula, the consumer surplus lost per angler trip for each mode at the northern Dare County ocean fishing site is:

charter mode: CS j 1|m 2 = $0.53

private/rental mode: CS j 1|m 3 = $1.53

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

An estimate of the lost consumer surplus per angler trip for both modes is the sum of the two values: CS j 1|m 2,3 = $2.05 (the $0.01 difference is due to rounding above). This value is an underestimate since independent valuation retains a counterfactual substitute. For example, estimating the lost consumer surplus for the charter mode retains the opportunity of Dare County ocean fishing from the private/rental boat mode. A simultaneous loss of both charter and private/rental boat modes, as would occur with lost navigability of Oregon Inlet, would eliminate an additional substitute and lead to higher consumer surplus losses.

The computed consumer surplus loss of $2.05 was for each trip taken to North and South Carolina. Aggregating over only North Carolina trips provided a lower bound estimate since South Carolina anglers are assumed to be unharmed from a loss of Oregon Inlet navigability. Aggregating over all trips, single-day trips and multiple-day trips, may be an overestimate or underestimate of total consumer surplus. Estimation of consumer surplus values for overnight trips using the standard NMFS methodology tends to produce upwardly biased estimates of consumer surplus (McConnell and Strand, 1999). However, the standard NMFS methodology employs the assumption that the purpose of the entire trip is fishing when only a fraction of the multi-day trip may be devoted to this activity (e.g, a family vacation).

Aggregated consumer surplus values over North Carolina ocean fishing trips (personal communication, National Marine Fisheries) are shown in Table VII-13 and are presented on an annual and 2-month survey wave values basis. Wave 2 is March and April, wave 3 is May and June, wave 4 is July and August, wave 5 is September and October and wave 6 is November and December. The MRFSS add-on data does not include cases from wave 1 (January and February) so values were not agreggated over these months. The consumer surplus loss is largest in wave 3 when 1,398,000 trips produce an aggregate economic loss of $2,866,000. The 90% confidence intervals are developed using the proportional standard errors on trips from the NMFS and the point estimate of consumer surplus. The confidence interval in wave 3 ranges from $2,428,000 to $3,304,000. Aggregate consumer surplus across all five waves is $10,139,000 with a 90% confidence interval ranging from $8,231,000 to $12,047,000.

Table VII-13. Aggregate Consumer Surplus 90% Confidence NC Ocean Consumer Surplus Wave PSE* Interval Trips Lower Upper Mean Lower Upper 2 605,470 19.8 410,660 800,280 $1,241,214 $841,853 $1,640,574 3 1,398,144 9.4 1,184,578 1,611,710 $2,866,195 $2,428,384 $3,304,007 4 1,215,825 10.6 1,006,399 1,425,251 $2,492,441 $2,063,118 $2,921,764 5 1,124,359 11.4 916,071 1,332,647 $2,304,936 $1,877,947 $2,731,925 6 602,105 10.7 497,414 706,796 $1,234,315 $1,019,699 $1,448,932 Total 4,945,903 4,015,122 5,876,684 $10,139,101 $8,231,000 $12,047,202 *Proportional standard error is the standard error of an estimate as a percentage of the estimate.

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

The NRUM held fishing trips constant. That is, with the closure of a fishing site anglers are assumed to substitute other sites or fishing modes. This assumption may be fine for many events and policies that have a minor impact on the fishing experience. But for loss of navigability of Oregon Inlet, it can be expected that the aggregate number of fishing trips might decline. A practical approach to estimating this effect is with a trip intensity model in which angler trips are regressed on an index of site-mode utility values, which is constructed for each angler from the parameters of the NRUM, and other individual angler characteristics (Haab and McConnell, 2002). If trips are positively related to the utility of fishing then a change in fishing conditions which lowers utility will lead to fewer trips taken.

In Table VII-14 the results of this analysis for single-day trippers who were intercepted in northern Dare County and the rest of North Carolina are presented. The regression is a negative binomial model estimated with PROC GENMOD in SAS. The negative binomial model accounts for the integer values of the dependent variable. The dependent variable in the negative binomial trip intensity model is the annual number of fishing days. Note that these are not necessarily equivalent to single-day trips since single-day trippers may also take multiple-day fishing trips over the course of a year. This makes comparison to the economic impact and consumer surplus analyses difficult, but the analysis does provide some further perspective on the potential effects of Oregon Inlet navigability on fishing activity. The average number of days fished by northern Dare County anglers is 38. The average number of days fished by anglers interviewed in the rest of North Carolina is 33.

Both models do a reasonable job of explaining the variation in fishing days according to the model chi-squared statistic. Both northern Dare County and the rest of North Carolina anglers increase trips as the inclusive value increases. More intuitively, trips increase as travel costs decrease and catch rates increase. Anglers who fish from the shore fish more days than boaters. Anglers interviewed after a charter boat trip in the rest of North Carolina fish fewer days than shore or private/rental boat anglers. Boat owners and anglers with more years of fishing experience fish more days. The dispersion coefficient is statistically different from zero which suggests the negative binomial distribution fits the data well.

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

Table VII-14. Negative Binomial Trip Intensity Model Northern Dare Rest of North Carolina County Coefficient t-statistic Coefficient t-statistic Intercept 0.901 2.509 2.433 12.966 Inclusive value 0.310 8.209 0.096 4.435 Shore mode 0.968 2.978 0.370 2.089 Charter mode -0.319 -0.864 -1.213 -4.553 Boat owner 1.031 3.763 0.464 2.926 Years fished 0.016 2.314 0.012 2.750 Dispersion 1.636 9.750 1.425 13.972 Model chi-squared 253 486 Number of anglers 188 372

These regression models are used to simulate the number of fishing days that each group of anglers would experience with the loss of the opportunity to take charter and private/rental boat fishing trips via Oregon Inlet (Table VII-15). The number of fishing days falls from a baseline of 38 to 27 for northern Dare County anglers. These fishing days are not reallocated to the rest of North Carolina. Anglers intercepted there (rest of NC) experience almost no change in the number of fishing days. The 27% loss of fishing days in northern Dare County with the loss of navigability of Oregon Inlet would translate into an approximate loss of 27% of economic activity in the fishing sector of the local economy.

Table VII-15. Predicted Annual Number of Days Fished Northern Dare County Rest of North Carolina With Oregon 37.74 33.73 Inlet Without 27.22 33.50 Oregon Inlet Number of 188 372 anglers

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

VIII. STUDY FINDINGS The objective of this study was to examine the economic benefits of Oregon Inlet navigability to Dare County, North Carolina and the surrounding region, including northeastern North Carolina and southeastern Virginia. This study involved a thorough literature review and data collection effort, on-site interviews with individuals knowledgeable of inlet usage and related economic impacts, and detailed economic modeling and analyses. Various economic sectors were considered in the economic analyses including:

Commercial Fishing Seafood Packing/Processing Boat Building and Support Services Oregon Inlet Dependent Recreational Fishing and Tourism

Commercial Fishing Oregon Inlet is considered one of the most commercially vital inlets along coastal NC with fishermen from the communities of Wanchese, Manteo, Manns Harbor, and Stumpy Point in Dare County and communities in other coastal counties (e.g. Hyde, Pamlico) using the inlet.

The commercial fishing industry has seen a decline in the region over the past 30-40 years due to several factors, which includes the declining condition of Oregon Inlet. It was noted that in the 1960s there were approximately 40-50 different commercial seafood businesses in Dare County. However, presently there are approximately only 10-20.

If the navigability of Oregon Inlet is not maintained, the field interview results indicate that most commercial fishing vessels would choose to remain in the fishing business but would relocate their fishing operations to other ports, most likely located in Virginia.

Commercial fishing provides a total annual economic benefit of 90 jobs and $7.2 million to Dare County and the surrounding region.

Seafood Packing & Processing A number of support businesses have located in Dare County to service and supply the commercial fishing vessels.

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

Once fish are landed, seafood packing and processing businesses prepare the catch for market. Several commercial fishermen also have packing and processing operations within their businesses. There are an estimated 6 commercial seafood packing and processing businesses located in Wanchese, with most located within the Wanchese Seafood Industrial Park.

It is assumed that if Oregon Inlet is closed, the seafood packer/processors might remain in business, but the economic benefits to the region would be reduced by the amount of Oregon Inlet dependent fishery landings.

Seafood packing and processing provides a total annual economic benefit of 238 jobs and $33.4 million to Dare County and the surrounding region through Oregon Inlet dependent landings.

Boat Building & Support Services Sixteen boat building companies exist in Dare County producing custom sport fishing yachts. These companies directly employ a total of 500-600 workers and represent 7 of the top 10 manufacturing employers in the County. As of March 2006, approximately 37 boats were under construction. The sales price per boat ranges from $2 million to $4 million, with an average sales price of $3.0 million in 2005 dollars.

An additional 88 business located in northeastern NC counties provide marine-related supplies and direct support services to the boat building and boatyard industries (NCwaterways.com).

The boat building sector directly or indirectly supports about 5% (956 jobs) of off season county employment. An estimated 266 additional jobs are supported in surrounding counties within the region.

Boat building and support services provide a total annual economic benefit of 1,235 jobs and $139.8 million to Dare County and the surrounding region.

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

The number of charter fishing trips (person trips) in Dare County range from 51,000 in 1997 to 30,000 in 2004. Private/rental boat trips range from 427,000 in 1997 to 795,000 in 2004.

Sportfishing tournaments are also thriving in the Oregon Inlet region. Approximately 14 known tournaments take place annually in the County originating mainly at Pirates Cove marina, in Manteo or at various locations in Hatteras Village. In summary, more than 500 boats annually are expected to participate in sportfishing tournaments dependent on passage through Oregon Inlet. These tournaments draw significant economic benefits to the County ranging from expenditures on fishing gear, lodging, food, retail to custom boat sales, marine maintenance, and/or boat storage.

While tournament participation was generally high for all tournaments, it was noted that the big Billfish tournament dropped in participants from 2004 to 2005 due to perceived inlet conditions. Additionally, 32 boats ran aground in Oregon Inlet during the 2005 Billfish tournament. Of these, 3 boats were replaced because damages caused by running aground were too severe to continue in the tournament.

Interviewees in the boat-building industry commented that a large percentage of their sales came from fishing tournament participants drawn to the area s unique sportfishing yachts and that many of these sales were from repeat customers. Therefore, it is clear the fishing tournament industry alone has a tremendous ripple effect on supporting businesses and the local economy.

Recreational fishing and tourism provide a total annual economic benefit of 8,288 jobs and $502.3 million to Dare County and the surrounding region. In addition to these benefits, a consumer surplus benefit of $8 -$12 million dollars was also estimated. The consumer surplus benefit is a measure of the value that recreational sport fishermen receive from the experience of Oregon Inlet-related sport fishing, value beyond what is spent on goods and services needed to make the trip.

Overall Summary of Economic Benefits The economic benefit of Oregon Inlet to Dare County and the surrounding region is very significant and far outweighs the costs necessary to keep the inlet passable through dredging. In fact, the annual economic benefit to the Federal Government alone is more than 6 times the recent annual expenditures for dredging. Table VIII-1 summarizes the overall total economic benefit of Oregon Inlet to Dare County and the surrounding region.

The four study sectors combined provide a total annual economic benefit of 9,851 jobs and $682.7 million to Dare County and the surrounding region.

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

Table VIII-1. Overall Total Economic Benefit of Oregon Inlet to Dare County and the Surrounding Region

Boat Seafood Recreational Impact Commercial Building & Packing & Fishing & Total Impact Category Fishing Support Processing Tourism Services Output1 $7,152,357 $33,425,367 $139,841,563 $502,286,350 $682,705,637 Employment2 90 238 1,235 8,288 9,851 Wages/Salaries/ Proprietor $2,720,657 $7,112,340 $45,669,308 $209,700,831 $265,203,136 Profits3 Rent/Corp $1,344,828 $1,384,746 $22,434,526 $69,375,235 $94,539,335 Profits4 Fed Govt5 $895,555 $2,149,376 $7,441,012 $34,978,165 $45,464,108 State/Local $488,250 $890,092 $4,806,248 $37,460,831 $43,645,421 Govt5 1 Output/Business Activity Impacts (2005 $ s). 2 All jobs, full-time and part-time. 3 Wages/Salaries/Sole Proprietorship/Partnership Income Impacts (2005 $ s). 4 Rental Income and Corporation Income Impacts (2005 $ s). 5 Government Tax and Fee Revenue Impacts (2005 $ s).

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

IX. REFERENCES Adams, Chuck, David Mulkey and Alan Hodges. 2000. An Assessment of the Economic Importance of the San Carlos Island Shrimp Processing Industry to the Lee County Economy. Food and Resource Economics Department, Institute of Food and Agriculture Department, University of Florida. Gainesville, FL.

Bianchi, Alan. Personal communication. North Carolina Division of Marine Fisheries, License and Statistics Section. Morehead City, NC. May 2006.

Bianchi, A. (2003). An Economic Profile Analysis of the Commercial Fishing Industry of North Carolina Including Profiles for the Coastal Fishing Counties, Prepared for NC Department of Environment and Natural Resources, North Carolina Marine Fisheries. 120 p.

Carroll, S. (2005). Dare County Economic Indicators . Pers. Comm.

Dare County. 2005. Dare County Finance Department. Manteo, NC.

Dare County. 2006. Dare County Annual Report. Dare County Finance Department. Manteo, NC.

DeBellis, J. (2001) Travel and Tourism Industry Study, Prepared for NC Small Business and Technology Development Center. 25 p.

Ditton, R.B., Anderson, D.K., Thigpen, II, J.F., Bohnsack, B.L., and S.G. Sutton. (1999). Pirate s Cove Billfish Tournament Socio-Economic Survey

Ditton, R.B., Anderson, D.K., Thigpen, II, J.F., Bohnsack, B.L., and S.G. Sutton. (1999). 10th Alice Kelly Ladies Only Memorial Billfish Tournament Socio-Economic Survey

Gabriel, Jr.,J.S. (2005) Waterway Economics and the Boater Voter , Presentation to the NMMA Inaugural East Coast Waterways and Beaches Symposium, August 12, 2005.

Gentner, Brad, Michael Price and Scott Steinback, Marine Angler Expenditures in the Southeast Region, 1999, NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-F/SPO-48, August 2001.

Haab, Timothy C., and Kenneth E. McConnell, Valuing Environmental and Natural Resources: The Econometrics of Non-Market Valuation, Edward Elgar, 2002.

Haab, Timothy C., John C. Whitehead, and Ted McConnell. The Economic Value of Marine Recreational Fishing in the Southeast United States: 1997 Southeast Economic Data Analysis. Final Report for NMFS Contract No. 40WCNF802079 (353 kb PDF file), National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Regional Office, St. Petersburg, FL. 2000.

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

Henry, Mark S., and Queen Vo. 2001. Possible Effects of the Shrimp-Baiting Fishery on the Economic Performance of the South Carolina Shrimp Trawling Industry and Related Economic Impacts. Research Report RR-01-01. Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Clemson University. Clemson, South Carolina.

Holland, S. M, A. J. Fedler, and J. W. Milon. The operations and economics of the charter and head boat fleets of the Eastern Gulf of Mexico and South Atlantic Coasts. University of Florida, Gainesville, FL. MARFIN grant number NA77FF0553. 1999.

Leary-Smith, P. (2005) Economic Significance of Shallow Draft Channels , Prepared by The Dismal Swamp Canal Welcome Center, August 2005.

McConnell, Kenneth E., and Ivar E. Strand, Overnight Trip Choice for Marine Anglers, Report on NMFS contract number 40ANF804203, August 8, 1999.

Miley, Gallo & Associates, LLC (2005) An Economic Analysis of the Wanchese Seafood Industrial Park, 18 p.

Miller, R. E., and P. D. Blair. 1985. Input-Output Analysis: Foundations and Extensions. Prentice Hall. 464 pp.

Minnesota IMPLAN Group, Inc. 2005. IMPLAN System, Version 2.0.1025 (data and software). Stillwater, MN. http://www.implan.com

Moffatt & Nichol. 2006. Field survey of commercial fishermen, recreational fishermen, seafood processors, and boat builders, conducted by Moffatt and Nichol in Dare County, NC, January-April, 2006.

North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (2005). Annual Fisheries Bulletin: 2004 Commercial and Recreational Statistics. Issued by the NCDENR, NC Division of Marine Fisheries, through participation in the National Marine Recreational Fishery Statistics Survey of the National Marine Fisheries Service.

North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (2005). Fish Dealer Report. Issued by the NCDENR, NC Division of Marine Fisheries.

North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (2005). Annual Statistics on Commercial Landings for 1995 to 2004 . Available at

National Marine Fisheries Service, Fisheries Statistics Division. Personal Communication. URL: http://www.st.nmfs.gov/st1/recreational/queries/index.html, 2006.

North Carolina Division of Marine Fisheries. 2006. Commercial Fishery Statistics. North Carolina Division of Marine Fisheries. Available: http://www.ncfisheries.net/statistics/comstat/index.html

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

NCESC. 2005. North Carolina Employment Security Commission. Raleigh, NC.

NC LINK. 2005. Data Services Unit, North Carolina Office of State Budget and Management. Raleigh, NC. Available: http://data.osbm.state.nc.us/

NCWaterways.com. 2005. North Carolina Marine Trade Services, a program of the Small Business and Technology Development Center of the University of North Carolina. Program office located in Beaufort, NC. Available: http://www.ncwaterways.com.

NEFMC. 2000. Atlantic Sea Scallop Fishery Management Plan Stock Assessment and Fishery Evaluation (SAFE) Report. New England Fishery Management Council. Newburyport, MA. Available: http://www.nefmc.org/documents/scallops/scallop_safe- 2000.htm.

NEFMC/MAFMC. 2005. Framework Adjustment 18 to the Atlantic Sea Scallop Fishery Management Plan. New England Fisheries Management Council and Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council.

NFERF. 1989. Economic Activity Associated with Fishery Products in the United States. National Fisheries Education and Research Foundation, Inc. Report by Kearney/Centaur Division, A.T. Kearney, Inc. Chicago, IL.

Outer Banks Chamber of Commerce (2005). The Outer Banks Economy .

Palmquist, R.B., J.W. Schumann and J.A. Michael. (2002) Boating Uses, Economic Significance, and Information Inventory for North Carolina s Offshore Area, The Point U.S. Department of Interior, Minerals Management Service, Gulf of Mexico OCS Region, New Orleans, August 2002.

Small Business and Technology Development Center (SBTDC) (2005). Marine Trades ,

Strategic Marketing & Research, Inc. (2006) Visitor Research Wave 1&2 Summer/Fall 2005 Prepared for Outer Banks Tourist Bureau, January 2006.

Trow, Eve. 1985. The Economic Impact of Oregon Inlet on the Pamlico Sound Region. Dare County Oregon Inlet Commission. Manteo, NC.

USBEA-REIS. 2002. Regional Economic Information System (REIS) Data. Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce. Washington, DC.

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

USBLS. 2002. Consumer Expenditure Survey. Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Commerce. Washington, DC.

USDC. 2005. Gross Domestic Product: Implicit Price Deflator. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. Washington, DC.

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

APPENDIX A Field Survey Questionnaires and Responses

Economic Study of the Benefits of Oregon Inlet to the Economy of Dare County Oregon Inlet Charter Boat Survey Questions

CHARTER BOAT FISHING Name: Date: Time: Marina:______Location:

Part A: Vessel Size

A1. What is your boat’s overall length? A2. What is your boat’s normal draft?

Part B: Vessel Trips

Summer Season Winter Season (Memorial Day (Labor Day to Question to Labor Day) Memorial Day) B1. During the past year, about how many saltwater recreational trips did your vessel take with paying passengers in the Summer Season? and in the Winter Season? B2. For each season, what was the primary type of recreational activity: recreational fishing, sightseeing/cruising, or something else? B3. (if fishing) For each season, what percentage of your saltwater recreational fishing trips involved passage through Oregon Inlet?

B4. Would you say that 2005 was a typical year for your vessel?

B5. (If no) how was this year different? Were there … ? (read categories) a. More trips than usual b. Less trips than usual Describe trends:

Part C: Costs and Earnings

The following questions are intended to collect costs and earnings information. Consider a typical/average saltwater recreational fishing trip that your vessel took last year.

C1. What date did the vessel depart from the port on that trip?

C2. What time did the vessel depart from the dock or ramp for the trip (to the nearest half-hour)?

C3. What time did the vessel return to the dock or ramp for the trip (to the nearest half-hour)?

C4. Was most of the fishing on that trip less than 3 miles from shore, between 3 and 200 miles from shore, or greater than 200 miles from shore?

C5. How many paying passengers were on this trip?

C6. What is the name of the county from which the trip started?

C7. What is the name of the marina from which the trip started?

C8. Did passengers pay as a group to charter the boat or did passengers pay on a per-head basis for fishing space on the boat (partyboat)?

C9a. (Party Boat:) What was the average fare for one passenger? OR C9b. (Charter Fee:) What was the total cost of the charter?

C10. Excluding passenger fares and charter fees, what were the other vessel receipts for the trip? Please include tackle sales, gear rental, and vessel sales of food or drink.

C11. How many crew, including the captain, were on board for this trip?

C12. What was the total amount paid by the vessel to the crew and the captain for this trip?

C13. How much would you estimate was the cost of food and drink that were sold by the vessel?

C14. How much fuel was used on this trip?

C15. What price per gallon was paid for the fuel?

C16. How many pounds of bait were used on this trip?

C17. How much did you pay for bait used on this trip?

C18. Would you say that this trip is a typical trip?

C19. (If no) How was this trip different from a typical trip? Were … ? (read categories, accept all answers) a. The costs higher (if yes, skip b) b. The costs lower c. The revenues higher (if yes, skip d) d. The revenues lower

Part D: Oregon Inlet Navigability Questions

Note: Please answer the following questions for the vessel trips involving passage through Oregon Inlet only.

D1. What is your opinion of the current navigability of the Oregon Inlet? Is it excellent, very good, good, fair or poor?

D2. Suppose that dredging of Oregon Inlet was increased and the average depth of the channel was 14 feet. Would you say that the navigability of the Inlet would be excellent, very good, fair, or poor?

D3. Again, suppose the average depth of the Oregon Inlet channel was 14 feet. Would you predict an increase, decrease, or no change in the number of vessel trips per year? If an increase or decrease, estimate the percentage change:

D4. Suppose dredging of Oregon Inlet completely stopped and the average depth was about 7 feet. Would you predict an increase, decrease, or no change in the number of vessel trips per year? In an increase or decrease, estimate the percentage change:

D5. Was your charter business hurt during the past 12 months due to navigability problems in Oregon Inlet?

D6. (If yes to D5)

a. Did you take fewer charter trips? (if yes) How many fewer charter trips were taken? b. Did you damage your boat? (if yes) What was the cost of the damage? c. Did you have to travel to the ocean through a different inlet? (if yes) How much longer did this make your trip? d. Had to relocate to a different marina? (if yes) What was the relocation cost? e. Other (Please describe):

D7. If Oregon Inlet became un-navigable, how would it affect your charter business? a. Stay in business at your present marina. If so, would your number of saltwater trips per year change? If so, how? Would your travel time to the ocean change? If so, by how much? Would your cost per trip change? If so, by how much? Would you make any additional freshwater fishing trips? If so, how many? b. Stay in business and relocate to a different marina. If so, where would you go? What is your estimate of relocation cost? c. Leave the charter business altogether. If so, what would you do instead?

D8. Please provide other general comments you may have pertaining to the condition, economic value, and impact which Oregon Inlet has on your business operations: ______

Part E: Passenger Questions (Passenger 1)

The following questions are intended for passengers. If the passengers are available and willing to participate in this survey, we would appreciate their responses. Participation in this survey is entirely voluntary and will likely take less than 10 minutes. All answers will be kept confidential. If it is not possible to get passenger responses, please estimate as many responses as possible based on an “average” passenger (i.e. complete one survey). NOTE: These questions are intended only for passengers onboard charter boats passing through Oregon Inlet.

E1. Please estimate the amount of money that you, INDIVIDUALLY, spent SOLELY FOR THE PURPOSE OF FISHING on THIS PARTICULAR TRIP in each of the following categories (do not include money that you would have spent anyway, even if you had not gone fishing):

$’s Spent in Additional $’s Spent Expenditure Category This County Elsewhere in NC Charter/Partyboat fee (per person average) Bait & Fishing Equipment (per person average) Lodging (per person average) Restaurants (per person average) Groceries, Ice, Beverages (per person average) Gasoline (per person average) Other Retail Purchases (clothing, sunscreen, etc.) Other

E2. Suppose that you could not take any charter boat/party boat trips in this state. What would you do instead?

E2a. _____ I would stay home (If so, please provide permanent zip code.) E2b. _____ I would engage in some other type of recreational activity in the same county (TYPE OF ACTIVITY ______) E2c. _____ I would engage in some other type of recreational activity elsewhere in the state (TYPE OF ACTIVITY ______WHERE ______) E2d. _____I would go charter boat/party boat fishing outside the state (WHERE ______) E2e. _____I would engage in some other type of recreational activity outside the state (TYPE OF ACTIVITY ______WHERE ______) E2f. _____ Other (SPECIFY ______)

Part E: Passenger Questions (Passenger 2)

E2. Suppose that you could not take any charter boat/party boat trips in this state. What would you do instead?

Part E: Passenger Questions (Passenger 3)

E2. Suppose that you could not take any charter boat/party boat trips in this state. What would you do instead?

Part E: Passenger Questions (Passenger 4)

E2. Suppose that you could not take any charter boat/party boat trips in this state. What would you do instead?

Part E: Passenger Questions (Passenger 5)

E2. Suppose that you could not take any charter boat/party boat trips in this state. What would you do instead?

Economic Study of the Benefits of Oregon Inlet to the Economy of Dare County Field Survey Interviews (Final)

RECREATIONAL BOATING Survey Questions: Q1. How many registered boats are currently occupying your marina/fishing center? ______

Q2. Could you estimate the average, peak and minimum occupancy? Average: ______Peak: ______Minimum: ______

Q3. What is the average length of the vessels occupying your marina? Max/Min? Average: ______Maximum: ______Minimum: ______

Q4. What is the average draft of the vessels occupying your marina? ______

Q5. What is the main form of propulsion for the vessels in your marina? ______

Q6. When is your peak recreational boating season (which months)? ______

Q7. Estimate the following regarding trip and inlet usage for peak season and off season months:

Trip and Inlet Usage By Season Peak Off Season Season On average, how many vessels per day make trips from your Q7a Q7b marina? Please estimate the percentage of vessel outings that involve Q7c Q7d non-local boaters or tourists. Please estimate the percentage of vessels that stays within Q7e Q7f the sound and the percentage that travels into the Atlantic Ocean. Of the vessels that travel into the Atlantic Ocean, estimate Q7g Q7h the percentage that uses Hatteras Inlet and the percentage that uses Oregon Inlet. Of the vessels that travel into the Atlantic Ocean, estimate Q7i Q7j the percentage that uses Oregon Inlet. Of the vessels using Oregon Inlet, for what percentage of Q7k Q7l trips was fishing the primary purpose of the trip?

Q8. Was 2005 a typical year in terms of the number of vessel outings? Please describe trends.

Note: For the purposes of this survey, let’s define an “out-of-town visitor / tourist” boater as someone who spends the night away from his/her permanent home in order to take a vessel outing from your facility. Q9. Estimate the percentage of out-of-town/tourist boaters spending each of the following number of nights per trip. Also, provide an estimate of the number of vessel outings per trip.

Q9a. 1 night: ______percent of visitors, Q9b. number of vessel outings ______Q9c. 2 nights: ______percent of visitors, Q9d. number of vessel outings ______Q9e. 3 nights: ______percent of visitors, Q9f. number of vessel outings ______Q9g. 1 week: ______percent of visitors, Q9h. number of vessel outings ______Q9i. 2 weeks ______percent of visitors, Q9j. number of vessel outings ______Q9k. 3 weeks ______percent of visitors, Q9l. number of vessel outings ______Q9m. 4 weeks ______percent of visitors, Q9n. number of vessel outings ______Q9o. > than 4 weeks ______percent of visitors, Q9p. number of vessel outings ______

Q10. Estimate the following expenditure information for local boaters and out-of-town/tourist boaters:

Out-of-town Local Expenditure Information & Tourist Boaters Boater What are typical per linear foot dockage fees at your Q10a marina? (circle one: per day per week per month )? Please estimate typical spending on boat fuel including gas and oil per vessel per vessel outing. Give separate estimates Q10b Q10c for local boaters vs. out-of-town visitors / tourists. Please estimate typical spending on gear and bait per vessel Q10d Q10e per vessel outing. Please estimate the typical number of persons per vessel. Q10f Q10g Please estimate typical spending per person per day on Q10h Q10i auto/truck gasoline. Please estimate typical spending per person per day on Q10j Q10k restaurants and bars. Please estimate typical spending per person per day at Q10l Q10m grocery stores and convenience stores (excluding gasoline). Please estimate typical spending per person per day at Q10n Q10o department stores and gift shops. Please estimate typical spending per person per day at Q10p Q10q sporting goods stores. Please estimate typical spending per person per day at movie theatres, golf courses, and other non-boating Q10r Q10s recreation. Please estimate typical spending per person per night on lodging (hotel/motel/cottage/condo/etc.) for out-of- Q10t Q10u town/tourist boaters.

2 Q11. What is your opinion of the navigability of Oregon Inlet in 2005? Was it excellent, very good, fair, or poor?

Q12. Suppose that dredging of Oregon Inlet was increased and the average depth of the channel was 14 feet. Would you say that the navigability of the Inlet would be excellent, very good, fair, or poor?

Q13. Again, suppose average depth of the Oregon Inlet channel was 14 feet. Would you predict an increase, decrease, or no change in the number of vessel trips from your marina? If an increase or decrease, estimate the percentage change: ______

Q14. Suppose dredging of Oregon Inlet completely stopped and the average depth was about 7 feet. Would you predict an increase, decrease, or no change in the number of vessel trips from your marina? If an increase or decrease, estimate the percentage change: ______

Fishing Tournament Related Questions: Q15. Are any fishing tournaments run out of your facility? ______

Q16. If so, how many per year? What is the typical number of vessels participating per tournament? Did you include these tournament vessels in the information you provided earlier on the number of vessel trips made from your facility? What percentage of these tournament vessel trips pass through Oregon Inlet?

Q16a. Number of tournaments per year: ______Q16b. Number of vessels per tournament: ______Q16c. Tournament vessels included in previous count: ______Q16d. Percentage that pass through Oregon Inlet: ______

Q17. FOR TOURNAMENTS ONLY, estimate the percentage of out-of-town / tourist boaters spending each of the following number of nights per trip: Also provide an estimate of the number of vessel outings per trip.

Q17a. 1 night: ______percent of visitors, Q17b. number of vessel outings ______Q17c. 2 nights: ______percent of visitors, Q17d. number of vessel outings ______Q17e. 3 nights: ______percent of visitors, Q17f. number of vessel outings ______Q17g. 1 week: ______percent of visitors, Q17h. number of vessel outings ______Q17i. 2 weeks ______percent of visitors, Q17j. number of vessel outings ______Q17k. 3 weeks ______percent of visitors, Q17l. number of vessel outings ______Q17m. 4 weeks ______percent of visitors, Q17n. number of vessel outings ______Q17o. > than 4 weeks ______percent of visitors, Q17p. number of vessel outings ______

Q18. FOR TOURNAMENTS ONLY, estimate the following expenditures for local boaters and out-of- town/tourist boaters. Out-of-town Expenditure Information FOR TOURNAMENTS Local & Tourist ONLY Boaters Boater What are typical per linear foot dockage fees at your Q18a marina? (circle one: per day per week per month )? Please estimate typical spending on boat fuel including gas and oil per vessel per vessel outing. Give separate estimates Q18b Q18c for local boaters vs. out-of-town visitors / tourists. Please estimate typical spending on gear and bait per vessel Q18d Q18e per vessel outing. Please estimate the typical number of persons per vessel. Q18f Q18g Please estimate typical spending per person per day on Q18h Q18i auto/truck gasoline. Please estimate typical spending per person per day on Q18j Q18k restaurants and bars. Please estimate typical spending per person per day at Q18l Q18m grocery stores and convenience stores (excluding gasoline). Please estimate typical spending per person per day at Q18n Q18o department stores and gift shops. Please estimate typical spending per person per day at Q18p Q18q sporting goods stores. Please estimate typical spending per person per day at movie theatres, golf courses, and other non-boating Q18r Q18s recreation. Please estimate typical spending per person per night on lodging (hotel/motel/cottage/condo/etc.) for out-of- Q18t Q18u town/tourist boaters.

4 Economic Study of the Benefits of Oregon Inlet to the Economy of Dare County Field Survey Interviews (Final)

MARINE TRADES Survey Questions: Q1. What type of products do you provide?

Q2. What is your target market? (commercial/recreational fishermen, boat builders, etc?)

Q3. How many employees do you have in each of the following salary categories?

Q3a. $0-$34,999 ______employees Q3b. $35,000-$74,999 ______employees Q3c. $75,000+ ______employees

Q4. What percentage of your expenditures on supplies and materials is for supplies and materials manufactured inside Dare County? ______

Q5. What were your total sales in 2005? ______

Q6. In 2005, what percentage of your sales involved vessels using Oregon Inlet on a regular basis? ______

Q7. Was 2005 a typical year in terms of sales? Please describe trends.

Q8. If Oregon Inlet were not navigable, would your annual sales increase, decrease, or not change? If an increase or decrease, estimate the percentage change: ______

Q9. In what other ways, if any, would your business change if Oregon Inlet were not navigable? Economic Study of the Benefits of Oregon Inlet to the Economy of Dare County Field Survey Interview Questions (Final)

COMMERCIAL FISHING Survey Questions: Q1. What is your vessel/gear type? ______

Q2. Describe your vessel:

Q2a. Age: ______Q2b. Length (feet): ______Q2c. Beam (feet): ______Q2d. Draft (light): ______Q2e. Draft (loaded): ______Q2f. Net Tonnage: ______Q2g. Engine Size in cylinders (4,6,8,12, other): ______Q2h. Engine Size (horsepower): ______Q2i. Engine Type (gas, diesel): ______Q2j. Hull material (wood, steel, fiberglass): ______Q2k. Number of nets: ______

Q3. Where is your boat currently based (homeport)? ______

Q4. Do you rent an exclusive stall (yes/no)? If yes, name of harbor. ______

Q5. Approximately how many fishing trips did you take with this vessel in 2005? ______

Q6. Approximately how many trips do you plan to take with this vessel in 2006? ______

Q7. At what docks did you unload most of your catch in 2005? ______

Q8. In terms of value, what were your top three species landed in 2005, and approximately how many pounds did you land of each species?

Q8a. Species 1 name ______----- Q8b. ______total pounds in 2005 Q8c. Species 2 name ______----- Q8d. ______total pounds in 2005 Q8e. Species 3 name ______----- Q8f. ______total pounds in 2005 Q9. Was 2005 a typical fishing year? Please describe trends.

Q10. Do you plan to fish with this vessel in 2006? (if no, why not)

Q11. What percentage of your fishing trips involve passage through Oregon Inlet? ______

Q12. What percentage of your annual fishing revenues depend on passage through Oregon Inlet? ______

Q13. If Oregon Inlet were not dredged to the depth necessary to allow passage of your vessel, what would you do instead?

Q14. Do you skipper your own vessel, or do you hire a skipper? ______

Q15. What is your crew size (including skipper, if hired)? ______

Q16. What is the approximate current value of vessel, gear, and electronic equipment? ______

Q17. How is your crew paid? ______

Q18. How is your skipper paid? ______

Q19. Estimate the amount you spend on fuel per trip: ______

Q20. Estimate the amount you spend on bait per trip: ______

Q21. Estimate the amount you spend on gear and other supplies per trip: ______

Q22. Approximately what percentage of your total 2005 household income was derived from commercial fishing? ______

Q23. Have you already lost income due to the condition of Oregon Inlet? If so, please describe.

Q24. Do you know anyone who has already left the commercial fishing industry due to changes in Oregon Inlet? If so, how many people, where did they go, and what is their current occupation? Economic Study of the Benefits of Oregon Inlet to the Economy of Dare County Field Survey Interviews (Final)

TOURISM Survey Questions: Q1. What are typical annual tourist expenditures in your county/area? ______

Q2. Have there been any trends in tourist expenditures?

Q3. Estimate the percentage of tourists spending each of the following number of nights per trip:

Q3a. 1 night: ______percent of visitors Q3b. 2 nights: ______percent of visitors Q3c. 3 nights: ______percent of visitors Q3d. 1 week: ______percent of visitors Q3e. 2 weeks ______percent of visitors Q3f. 3 weeks ______percent of visitors Q3g. 4 weeks ______percent of visitors Q3h. more than 4 weeks ______percent of visitors

Q4. Estimate the percentage of tourists utilizing each of the following types of lodging and average expenditures per night of lodging:

Q4a. Hotels/motels: ______percent of visitors, Q4b. ______$ per night Q4c. Apartments/Condos: ______percent of visitors, Q4d ______$ per night Q4e. Cottages/Houses: ______percent of visitors, Q4f. ______$ per night

Q5. Estimate typical tourist spending for the following categories: Expenditures Tourist Expenditure Categories ($) Q5a Please estimate typical spending on boat fuel per trip. Q5b Please estimate typical spending on boat gear and bait per trip. Q5c Please estimate typical spending per person per day on auto/truck gasoline. Q5d Please estimate typical spending per person per day on restaurants and bars. Q5e Please estimate typical spending per person per day at grocery stores and convenience stores (excluding gasoline). Q5f Please estimate typical spending per person per day at department stores and gift shops. Q5g Please estimate typical spending per person per day at sporting goods stores. Q5h Please estimate typical spending per person per day at movie theatres, golf courses, and other non-boating recreation.

Q6. Can you estimate the percentage of total annual tourist expenditures supported by recreational boating/fishing (including boat fuel, charter fees, bait, fishing gear & tackle, etc.)? ______

Q7. If Oregon Inlet were not navigable, would annual tourism expenditures increase, decrease, or not change? If an increase or decrease, estimate the percentage change: ______

Q8. In what other ways, if any, would tourism expenditures change if Oregon Inlet were not navigable?

Q9. Can you estimate the average, peak, and minimum annual occupancy for hotels/motels and rental/vacation homes for your county/area?

Q9a. Average: ______Q9b. Peak: ______Q9c. Minimum: ______

Q10. Can you estimate the percentage of occupants pursuing boating/fishing? ______

2 CHARTER BOAT CAPTAIN SURVEY

Name Survey 1 Business Title Charter Boat Captain Recordings A1 feet 56 A2 feet NA B1a 92 B1b 70 B2a fishing B2b fishing B3a all B3b all B4 close B5 Less trips than usual due to a few more bad weather days in April and Oct C1 4-Nov C2 5:30 AM C3 4:00 PM C4 Between 3 and 200 miles from shore C5 6 C6 Dare C7 Oregon Inlet Fishing Center C8 paid as a group C9a NA C9b $1,320 C10 None C11 2 C12 110 per mate C13 NA C14 110 gal C15 $2.30 C16 NA C17 $87 C18 yes C19 Costs were same except fuel costs higher than typical D1 fair D2 excellent D3 increase by 10% D4 decrease by 100% D5 Lost some trips b/c could not get out due to bad weather. D6a 5 D6b no D6c no D6d no D6e NA D7a NA D7b NA D7c Would leave charter boat business altogether and do construction work D8 Should Oregon Inlet's condition worsen we will lose all 3 businesses that feed our family. The value of our home and boat will also decrease dramatically. RECREATIONAL BOATING SURVEY

Name Survey 1 Survey 1 Survey 2 Survey 2 Survey 3 Survey 3 Survey 4 Survey 4 Survey 5 Survey 5 Survey 6 Survey 6 Pirates Cove Notes Broadcreek Marina Notes Oregon Inlet Fishing Notes Colington Notes Outer Banks Notes Oden's Dock Notes Center Harbor Marine Association, Maintenance Inc Business Fishing Tournament Director Owner Interviewee owns several Community This business is Owner IMPORTANT: It was noted businesses: Harbor Welding, Manager a boatyard and upfront that very few boats from OBX Marine Maintenance, operates closely this or other marinas in Hatteras and Broad Creek Marina with the use OI. However, this survey and (marina and dry storage). marina/dry the related marine trades survey Also incl under Marine stack. Only a are included as they provide Trades surveys. limited number useful responses on expenditures of the survey etc. Also the interviewee noted questions apply that 1) there are no marinas/boat (Q1- Q6). docks South of OI from which boaters would use OI, and 2) his responses are typical for other 3 marinas in Hatteras. Title 153 - mostly transients Pirates Cove Homeowners Assoc 175 at marina & dry stack This facility includes a marina 54 Marina Slips- Colington 65 in These numbers 25 (PCHOA) - Community includes and dry stack. Marina used 23 Home Harbor is an boatyard were given for 3.5 miles of canals. Own a home, for charter vessels, dry stack Owner Slips- independent the boatyard. get dock space, have to apply for for storage of smaller boats. 1400 community Most boats NC registration. 331 applied for The facility includes a lift (not part of coming in/out of 2006 season for dock space on which accomodates boats up KDH) boatyard use property (this does not include to 70'. They put boats in/out w/2410 lots. inlet. marinas). Boats range from 15' to for owners as needed. Most 42'. homeowners own more than one boat-there are 637 trailered boats. Also, 50 rental homes in the community. Renters who come in typically bring boat; community charges launch fee for these renters ($10/day or $25/week).

Q1 153 175 Avg/Peak/Min occupancy 50 NA Same as NA 18 about the same b/c most of Q1. storage is in dry stack. Occupancy doesn't change much b/c most boat owners are permanent Q2a residents Name Survey 1 Survey 1 Survey 2 Survey 2 Survey 3 Survey 3 Survey 4 Survey 4 Survey 5 Survey 5 Survey 6 Survey 6 180 175 NA NA 100 peak of 100 25 boats on ground at a time; rotate boats in/out throughout the year; last year hauled approx 560 boats Q2b Q2c 50 175 NA NA NA 12 Q3a feet 48 28 NA 20 50 40 Q3b feet 110 80 60 60 80 75 Q3c feet 35 17 21 10 17 20 4.5 3 runabout outboard depth (typ 3.5-5 2-4 5-6 feet for 4-6 ft boats in drystack) charter boat; 10-12 feet for trawler boats Q4 feet inboard diesel outboard gasoline diesel (46)/gasoline gasoline diesel NA Q5 (8) May-Sept (transients going July through September and April-January March-Dec April May-June fishing); April-Nov (general again in November for the (maintenanc fishing); also business in Winter Rockfish e before from transients moving from North peak Q6 to South season) 150 40 Includes private and charter 40 IMPORTANT NOTE: 25% of There are 50 NA 25 boats. There is also a NPS community seasonal public boat ramp take 1 weekly behind the fishing vessel rental homes center. Two different outing per from May to people interviewed day during September mentioned that this 10 lot is at full capacity months/50% every day during the of seasonal peak season. Good rental homes estimate of number of take 1 boats leaving this site vessel would be 2 times the outing per number of parking day during 5 spaces (counted ~80 months spaces in lot)

Q7a Q7b 30 3 40 NA NA 2 70 75 Most Most people using NA Estimate 2%-NA 20 the marina are 4% based tourists coming to go on answers on charter fishing from Q7a Q7c trips Q7d 15 75 NA NA NA 0 90 Note: Response means 90% go 80 Note: Response means 80% Few/Most Very few boats fish in 50 Half in NA 75 Note: response means 75% go into ocean, remaining 10% stay in go into ocean, remaining the sound-most are sound, half into the ocean, remaining 25% sound 20% stay in sound going through OI for in ocean. stay in sound ocean fishing Same for peak and off season. Less due to smaller boats - Q7e sailboats. 90 Note: Response means 90% go 80 Note: Response means 80% NA 50 NA 25 Note: response means 25% go into ocean, remaining 10% stay in go into ocean, remaining into the ocean, remaining 75% sound 20% stay in sound stay in sound Q7f 100 100% use OI. Heather stated that 100 100% use OI if going to 100 100% use OI if going 100 100% use OI NA 0 No boats use OI, all boats use OI is a more direct shot to ocean ocean. to ocean. if going to Hatteras Inlet. Some transient and the orientation of Hatteras ocean. boaters may go up the sound to makes passage more difficult. OI but usually not ones docking Q7g at Oden's Dock Name Survey 1 Survey 1 Survey 2 Survey 2 Survey 3 Survey 3 Survey 4 Survey 4 Survey 5 Survey 5 Survey 6 Survey 6 100 100 NA 100 NA 0 No boats use OI, all boats use Hatteras Inlet. Some transient boaters may go up the sound to OI but usually not ones docking Q7h at Oden's Dock 100 100 100 All boats use OI 100 NA 0 No boats use OI, all boats use Hatteras Inlet. Some transient boaters may go up the sound to OI but usually not ones docking Q7i at Oden's Dock 100 100 NA 100 NA 0 No boats use OI, all boats use Hatteras Inlet. Some transient boaters may go up the sound to OI but usually not ones docking Q7j at Oden's Dock Q7k 99 90 100 100 NA 98 Q7l 99 90 NA 100 NA 98 2005 was slower because of the NA 2005 was a typical 2005 saw an Has been an NA 2005 was a condition of the Inlet; Fall was one year increase in increase for liitle slow due of the worst on record boats within the past 5- to weather, the 10 yrs hurricanes, community and fuel prices Q8 12.5 For, Q9a thru Q9p, could not give NA NA Could not provide NA NA 20 Percentages for Q9a-Q9f are estimate of # outings by number of estimate of number of based on people who stay 1,2, or nights stay. General comment nights per trip (Q9a- 3 nights was that most boaters coming in h). take a trip every day for short stays and maybe every other day Q9a % for longer stays. Q9b NA NA NA NA NA 1 12.5 NA NA NA NA 70 Percentages for Q9a-Q9f are based on people who stay 1,2, or Q9c % 3 nights Q9d NA NA NA NA NA 1 4 NA NA NA NA 10 Percentages for Q9a-Q9f are based on people who stay 1,2, or Q9e % 3 nights Q9f NA NA NA NA NA 2 2 10 NA NA NA 10 Percentages for Q9d-Q9n are based on numbers in dockage Q9g % book Q9h NA NA NA NA NA 4 2 90 NA NA NA 10 Percentages for Q9d-Q9n are based on numbers in dockage Q9i % book NA 2 one offshore trip one other NA NA NA 8 Q9j water activity 2 NA NA NA NA 20 Percentages for Q9d-Q9n are based on numbers in dockage Q9k % book Q9l NA NA NA NA NA 10 40 NA NA NA NA 60 Percentages for Q9d-Q9n are based on numbers in dockage Q9m % book Q9n NA NA NA NA NA 18 25 NA NA NA NA 35 Percentage based on amount of "annual" customers who rent boat Q9o % slips year round Q9p NA NA NA NA NA 100 Name Survey 1 Survey 1 Survey 2 Survey 2 Survey 3 Survey 3 Survey 4 Survey 4 Survey 5 Survey 5 Survey 6 Survey 6 $2/ft/day or $25/month (NA per $1.25/foot/day for boats IMPORTANT: For $250/vessel/month $600/yr/slip Dockage NA $1.25/ft/day week) larger than 40', $200/month expenditures section (Q10a- or fees or $6/ft/wk or for small boats, $3500/year u), Wayne said can assume $90/mo/slip homeowners $12.50/ft/mo for charter boats 16 charter boats x 6 pay t keep nth people/boat x 130 days boat at during peak season, assume marina. 144 private boats x 4 people/boat x 20-30% of 130 days. This would give good estimates of individuals passing through inlet from Broad Creek marina. Q10a Q10b NA NA NA NA NA $300 $67.76 This comment applies to Q10b $35,000-$40,000/year for $400/vessel/trip Number probably NA Colington NA $300 thru Q10u. All answers assuming charter boats, $80- higher b/c interviewee Harbor sells out-of-town & tourist boater. $100/weekend for tourists estimating for charter $7500- Heather said the best estimate of boats. $8000 of gas these expenditures could be from obtained from the Texas A&M Memorial fishing tournament study. Please Day to review study. Study reported November average total tournament when their expenditures per person for fuel station various purchase types (i.e. not is open broken down by vessel, trip, or day). Estimates given (based on Table 50 in report) for PCBT are average per person per day assuming average length of stay 10 days as determined from study. Restaurant meals likely underestimated b/c most meals included with tournament registration. Table 52 shows 6% of total expenditures spent outside of Dare County. Q10c Q10d NA NA NA NA NA $50 $31.15 $100-$150/weekend For Q10b-Q10u Wayne gave $100/vessel/trip NA NA $50 personal judgement on expenditures. Estimates given for peak season Q10e tourists. Q10f NA NA NA NA NA 3 NA 6 on a charter boat, 4 on a 6 3-4 NA 6 Q10g private boat Q10h NA NA NA NA NA $0 Q10i $42.04 $20/day/vehicle NA NA NA $60 Q10j NA NA NA NA NA $0-$25 Q10k $39.03 $100/person/day NA NA NA $25-$50 Q10l NA NA NA NA NA $1-$10 Q10m $32.91 $20-$25 NA NA NA $20-$50 Q10n NA NA NA NA NA $0 Q10o NA NA NA NA NA $10-$20 Q10p NA NA NA NA NA $0 Q10q NA NA NA NA NA $10-$20 Q10r NA NA NA NA NA $0 Q10s NA NA NA NA NA $10-$20 Q10t NA NA NA NA NA $0 $72.37 $100-$150/night in season, NA $1000- These NA $60 $5000/week for condos $3000/wk estimates are for 50 seasonal weekly rental homes open from May to September. Q10u Name Survey 1 Survey 1 Survey 2 Survey 2 Survey 3 Survey 3 Survey 4 Survey 4 Survey 5 Survey 5 Survey 6 Survey 6 poor poor-fair poor Has been in poor poor NA poor Dan has not used OI this past condition for past 10 year but has heard that the Q11 years conditions were poor excellent very good - excellent fair commercial- NA very good poor recreational- Q12 fair 50% revenue Increase OI is the biggest factor of no change NA NA No change consideration in people Q13 signing up at marina. devastating 70-80% Charter boats cannot slight decrease decrease NA increase- The increase would be due to navigate through a depth of 7 25% people shifting from areas near feet. Some small OI to Hatteras Inlet to still enjoy recreational boats would be fishing in NC. Dan noted that if able to navigate. OI were to close, marinas in Hatteras could not support all of Q14 boats North of OI. yes Hooters & Fountain Rock No No NA yes Fishing Tournament in Q15 December 9 Typically against tournament rules 1 NA NA NA 3 None of these tournaments use to use any inlet other than OI. OI: Offshore Open (May), Big Rock, Marlin Club. However, they are trying to expand the Offshore Open to include OI in 2007. Expects that this would add 10 boats to the tournament. Q16a 15/20/50/0/15/30/90/130/30 Number of boats in each 120 4 man teams on each boat NA NA NA 55 tournament. 0 represents small fry staying in town for 3 nights. (Offshore), tournament which is pier fishing 200 (Big only. Some tournaments Rock), 55 exclusively for people who own (Marlin Club) slips at Pirates Cove. Annual Billfish tournament is number 4 in the world. IMPORTANT: Interviewee noted that they lost a lot of boats in big Billfish tournament last year because of "perceived" condition of OI. Dropped from 131 to 124 (lost 3 due to fuel, others due to inlet). Last year 32 boats ran aground in inlet, 11 got hauled out, and 3 were replaced in tournament b/c broken down from running Q16b aground. NA NA NA NA NA 6-for each of the three Q16c tournaments 100% 100% NA NA NA 0 They are working toward allowing boats to use Oregon Inlet for the 2007 tournament. They may get up to 10 more boats if this were Q16d allowed. Q17a NA NA NA NA NA 0 Q17b NA NA NA NA NA 0 Q17c NA NA NA NA NA 0 Q17d NA NA NA NA NA 0 Q17e NA 480 people NA NA NA 33% Q17f NA 3 NA NA NA 3 Q17g NA NA NA NA NA 66% Q17h NA NA NA NA NA 4 Q17i NA NA NA NA NA 0 Q17j NA NA NA NA NA 0 Q17k NA NA NA NA NA 0 Q17l NA NA NA NA NA 0 Q17m NA NA NA NA NA 0 Q17n NA NA NA NA NA 0 Q17o NA NA NA NA NA 0 Q17p NA NA NA NA NA 0 Name Survey 1 Survey 1 Survey 2 Survey 2 Survey 3 Survey 3 Survey 4 Survey 4 Survey 5 Survey 5 Survey 6 Survey 6 $2.90/ft/day Same as responses for Q10b-u $1.25/foot/day for boats Q18a-u same as estimates NA NA NA $6/ft/wk except dockage fees increased for larger than 40', $200/month given for general tourists tournament. for small boats, $3500/year (non-tournament related) Q18a for charter boats under Q10a-u. Q18b NA NA NA NA NA $300 $67.76 $35,000-$40,000/year for NA NA NA $300 charter boats, $80- Q18c $100/weekend for tourists Q18d NA NA NA NA NA $75 Q18e $31.15 $100-$150/weekend NA NA NA $75 NA NA NA NA NA NA This note applies to Q18f-Q18u. Answers to Q18f-Q18u are estimated to be slightly higher than the answers to Q10f-Q10u because when people are in town for tournaments they tend to Q18f spend more money NA 6 on a charter boat, 4 on a NA NA NA NA Q18g private boat Q18h NA NA NA NA NA NA Q18i $42.04 $20/day/vehicle NA NA NA NA Q18j NA NA NA NA NA NA Q18k $39.03 $100/person/day NA NA NA NA Q18l NA NA NA NA NA NA Q18m $32.91 $20-$25 NA NA NA NA Q18n NA NA NA NA NA NA Q18o NA NA NA NA NA NA Q18p NA NA NA NA NA NA Q18q NA NA NA NA NA NA Q18r NA NA NA NA NA NA Q18s NA NA NA NA NA NA Q18t NA NA NA NA NA NA $72.37 $100-$150/night in season, NA NA NA NA Q18u $5000/week for condos MARINE TRADES SURVEY

Name Survey 1 Survey 1 Survey 2 Survey 2 Survey 3 Survey 3 Survey 4 Unknown Mann Custom Boats Notes Bayliss Boatworks Notes Spencer Yachts Notes Notes Business Boat-Building Business Owner Boat-Building Business Facility Manager-Boat Individual Boat Owner Building Business Builder

Title custom sportfishing yachts Custom Full service marine, Sportfish boats sportfishing/traveling upscale custom sport yachts fishing boats. Also metal welding and repair of old parts at Marine Fabrications (operates under Spencer Yachts at the Wanchese Facility) and Spencer Marine (boatyard at Wanchese Q1 Facility) boat building High end recreational high end boating recreational and sport fishermen customers and fishermen commerical fleet repairs

Q2 Q3a 40 0 125 These represent conservative estimates 8 Q3b 4 35 15 0 Q3c 2 0 1 owner 2 small Items purchased in Dare Not many materials Plywood is made in Approx 5% This includes materials for boat and tools 60% County include glass, manufactured in Dare Morocco, gets it from a used-spend tens of thousands at Ace electronics, tools from County, but tries to buy supplier in Florida by Hardware per boat. Aprroximately 50% of Ace Hardware, fuel & tools in Dare Co. truck, the hardwood materials are bought within NC. water tanks from Harbor comes from importer in Welding. Others are Wilmington purchased from Lewis Marine and Paxton

Q4 $ 4,000,000 $4,000,000 NA Total sales not given, but noted that they $780,000 finish about 6 boats per year with a cost of $2-$2.5 million each Q5 100% Not regular users - But, 50% Uses the inlet for testing 100% All of their boats go through OI for 0% boats are tested and sea trials. 1/2 of his tournaments or in coming back for service repeatedly with trips boats pass through the and repairs in/out of inlet. Also, inlet for fish many customers come to tournaments, the rest area for fishing leave to other tournaments - this is destinations how the business gets most of exposure/sales. Q6 2005 was a typical year Yes, increased slightly 2005 was a typical or yes better year-they have experienced only growth over the past 10 years Q7 The business would probably The business can not be Decrease by 75% Decrease by 50% Fishing that happens in OI (especially decrease, 100% close if OI were not navigable moved anywhere else tournaments) gives Spencer Yachts a because of the majority of their exposure to potential "Carolina" style boat that customers. If taken away, this would is unique to it and decrease business. Building of charter regulations requiring boats would be shut down if OI were closed different types of fishing (they have built 6 in the past year). Also, and rigging equipment marine lift and yard maintenance would be (see additional shut down due to remoteness of the area if comments from Paul and OI were to close. Wouldn't lose all business Robin mann) b/c of a customer base in Fla, SC, and lower NC that don't necessarily need the Q8 inlet. Right now, the inlet is Dare Co. has the highest The boat building being avoided by a lot concentration of boat industry has of boats b/c of its builders than anywhere spawned a specific reputation of being in the world, 12 major style of boat due to dangerous to navigate, custom boat builders in the nature of Oregon if the inlet was one area with only Inlet - if the inlet stabilized, the number 35,000-40,000 people were to close boats of boaters coming to from Dare County the area would would lose their probably increase. value. Q9 Name Survey 5A Survey 5A Survey 5B Survey 5B Survey 5C Survey 5C Survey 5D Survey 5D Harbor Welding Notes Outer Banks Marine Notes Broadcreek Marina Notes Oden's Dock Notes Business Maintenance Owner - Welding Shop Owner - Marine Maintenance Owner - Marina Owner - Marina Shop

Title Anything in Boat repair & general 70 ton boat lift can Recreational boat storage facility- Dry stack facility for 20' to Marina aluminum/stainless steel maintenance lift boat up to 70'. Dry stack 35' boats. Storage facility for charter and private Do general for people who travel boats. Fishing rod racks for maintenance needs in/out of area. People surf fishing industry. All for commercial, call, request boat be put types of marine fabrication. charter, and private in water for use. boat owners.

Q1 Commercial, recreational, Commercial, recreational & All recreational commercial, sport fishing & boat charters recreational & builders (builds around charters 60% of what needs to go into a new boat for all builders in the area and the 17 boat builders relying on Oregon Inlet)

Q2 Q3a 0 2-3 0 5 Q3b 11 7 5 0 Q3c 0 0 0 0 None from Dare County, all NA NA <5% supplies & materials trucked in from Florida or Virginia

Q4 $1.5 million $960,000 - $1.1 million $900,000 $750,000

Q5 100%, every boat that 100%, if Oregon Inlet wasn't 80% use Orgeon Inlet, 20% of 10% This estimate may be products are used for go open there would be no boats to these boats only fish in the a little high out through Oregon Inlet haul sound

Q6 Yes Fuel prices Yes Not Provided 2005 was a slowed little slow due business some. to weather, hurricanes, and Q7 fuel prices Totally decrease, would Decrease Not Provided Not as significant b/c Business would Business would devastate the industry he is marina/dry stack increase by increase near in. accomodates smaller approximately Hatteras Inlet b/c boats. 25% boaters who enjoy fishing off the NC coast would probably use Hatteras Inlet if OI were to close. This would increase bpat slip, fuel, bait, and tackle sales.

Q8 Would have to completely Employees Would have to completely close This would have the least impact The order of impact on There would An issue that may close down the boatyard would probably down the boatyard, if there was since the boats are smaller they boats would be: probably have arise would be and bulldoze the site, then relocate to no inlet there would be no boats. could probably navigate the inlet 1)Trawlers & commercial to be a waitlist marina capacity. try to sell the land for another stable for a longer period of time boats at 80'-95', 2)Charter situation for The 4 marinas near another use. inlet north or boats up to 60', and dock space Hatteras Inlet are at south where 3)Recreational boats since Hatteras near capacity and they could use doesn't have would not be able to their trade in the facilities to accomodate all those the boating accommodate who would use industry. the OI fleet. Hatteras Inlet if OI Q9 closed. COMMERCIAL FISHING SURVEY

Name Survey 1 (BOAT 1) Survey 1 (BOAT 2) Survey 1 Survey 2 Survey 2 Survey 3 Survey 3 Moon Tillett Fish Company Moon Tillett Fish Company Notes Wanchese Seafood Company Notes Williams Seafood in Engelhard Notes Business Grandfather started business in 1936. Joey is one of 15 kids, 7 are directly involved in Title business. Otter Trawl same Bottom Trawl - Nets dragged on bottom. 11 trawlers (draggers and scallopers) Business is split between Owns 4 boats; Approx 8 add'l boats Note: In addition to own boats (4), Wanchese/Hampton, Va. Individual boats deliver seafood to facility in Engelhard; business owner purchases and are used for various types of fishing - Boats are rigged for shrimping, fishing, or packs fish from other fisherman at dependent on seasons/weather. During scalloping his docks in Engelhard. Also fishes winter season from Nov-mid March, flounder and sells some in VA. fish with 1/2 boats in NC and 1/2 in Va. 5 vessels are full-time scalloper boats and Q1 operate mainly in Va. Q2a yrs 33 31 4-30 Q2a thru Q2h report range for 11 boats 26 Q2b feet 85 85 80-100 73-88 Q2c feet 22 22 22-27 20-24 Q2d feet 9 9 7.5 min draft 9 Q2e feet 10-12 12-Oct 11.5-12 10.5-11 Q2f tons 78 78 60-120 60-150 Q2g 12 12 12 NA Q2h hp 650 500 510-1200 725-850 Q2i diesel diesel diesel diesel Q2j steel steel steel 2 steel; 2 fiberglass over wood one net used at a time; 2-3 different types of nets same 4-5 nets per vessel depends: fishing (1 net), shrimping (4 nets), scalloping (2 nets) Q2k Wanchese, NC same 1/2 in Wanchese; 1/2 in Hampton, Va Do scalloping in VA b/c of marine During winter months, boats fisheries permits and OI; Often sell in generally stay in NC. During Newport News, VA (Peabody) b/c boat summer months, don't use OI often. too loaded (packed w/ice) and conditions Noted if not for shallow water and too dangerous to come back through OI NMF regs, would bring all boats (packed) back to NC instead of selling in VA. Q3 No No 1/2 boats use docks owned on site; add'l yes, Little Boat Harbor, VA Q4 300' leased in Wanchese from State 55 trips (2 passes through inlet per trip) 45 trips (2 passes through Trips from Wanchese Only: avg 90 trips Approx 12 trips per boat (assume 12 Noted that no longer croaker fish b/c inlet per trip) (flounder) from Nov-Mar; avg 64 trips boats either owned or selling at facility) of OI condtions and conditions of (croaker) from Dec-Mar; some years channels between OI and Engelhard shrimping in sound from July-Sept avg 35-40 dock. trips Q5 Q6 approx same approx same approx same approx same Wanchese, NC same most in NC at Wanchese, also some in Va Most of catch unloaded in VA. During winter months, unloaded fish in NC (approx 60-75% of quota for flounder)

Q7 Q8a croaker croaker croaker scallop Q8b 1,800,000 1,300,000 1,300,000 130,000 Q8c Illex squid Illex squid flounder flounder Q8d 700,000 700,000 640,000 100,000 Q8e Flounder Flounder bluefish black sea bass Q8f 300,000 230,000 250,000 NA yes same Number of trips and type of fishing (sound yes, dependent on weather Better than last 4-5 years due to catching vs. ocean) more dependent on weather black sea bass with flounder. and water temperature Q9 yes same yes, hopes to increase scalloping business 2 fewer boats in 2006 due to maintenance Some years previously, packed fish due to high value (scalloping done in VA due issues from Wanchese fish houses, b/c to permits) channel to Engelhard better than channel to Wanchese

Q10 100 100 most-all; limited shrimping in sound most; limited shrimping in sound; due to location, have used Ocracoke Inlet in previous years due to conditions in Oregon Inlet Q11 % Name Survey 1 (BOAT 1) Survey 1 (BOAT 2) Survey 1 Survey 2 Survey 2 Survey 3 Survey 3 100 100 30% varies from year to year, for example, in 90s shrimping in sound better than ocean

Q12 % "Face bankruptcy, possibly fish out of another same Permit regulations imposed by marine Would have to move entire business to would have to relocate to Virginia; would Noted that used Ocracoke Inlet state, however, very difficult due to regulations, fisheries controls what comm fishermen Virginia. Work on lobbying for larger quotas - move to VA right now, if not required by during the previous year due to bad namely permit regulations." can fish for where. This factor makes it allow for same quotas in both states. This permits to fish in NC conditions in Oregon Inlet. very difficult to move to another location. would reduce tearing up of boats. Q13 Q14 One family member, one hired skipper same 11 skippers hired 4 same Eight full-time employees. Approx 17-30 max 7 on scallopers; typical fishing has 4 Employees involved in business: typical fishing has 4; 5-7 on scalloper 40-90 more employees for unloading temp employees when packing fish. Packing/trucking around 40-50 employees; shrimp actual fishing around 44 people in season; Plant in Va employs approx 120 people (processing/cold storage). Two factory ships in Argentina - around 30 crew employees.

Q15 $500,000 same Value of boat depends on permits; e.g. $300,000 - $600,000; avg of $400,000 for Noted that received offer of $1.4 million for $150,000 - $200,000 (12 boats) $300K with no permits, but $500K with fishing boats scalloper boat (scallop permit increases permits value significantly) Q16 share - approx 9% of gross fish sales same % of catch % of catch Q17 9% + 5% of gross fish sales same % added on top of crew % added on top of crew Q18 $1,200 $1,400 Less than most, because shorter trips. flounder trip avg $6000; croaker trip avg fishing (flounder) trip avg $6500 Trips typ 24 hrs - 3 days in winter, 1-2 days $1400; scallop trip avg $13,000 in summer. Q19 Ice & Food (bait not used) $500-600 Ice & Food (bait not used) flounder trips $400/trip for ice; croaker NA $550 slightly more per trip Q20 Per year, spend approx $20,000 on nets, cable, same Majority of supplies purchased in Dare min of $2500/month/boat; scalloper avg Conservative estimate for maintenance fishing trip appox $400/trip; scalloping rope, etc. County. Other noted purchases include $10,000/boat/month would be $10,000/boat/year. Already this approx $2500/trip drydock ($10K/yr), insurance ($25K/yr), year, 3 boats damaged due to shoaling other maintenance ($10K/yr) waterways.

Q21 Q22 % 100 100 100 100 "Our company owns two boats of same capacity. same Yes, moved part of business to Norfolk in Yes, has lost income since been in Our business is structured around bringing 1980s when the inlet closed. Family had to business (1988). products to Wanchese. One boat sold 2,700 lb of make sacrifice and move 1/2 to Va to flounder in Va, in 2005. This was the only fish maintain business. Typically spend at least either boat sold away from Wanchese since 1/2 time in Virginia. approximately 1985. March and April of that year we had to fish out of Va due to closure of inlet. Now we would not have that choice due to regulations and permit requirements. These 2 boats make up approximately 75% of Moon Tillett Fish Co. Yes, we have lost countless dollars due to inlet conditions: lost trips = 'No Fish', shortened trips = 'Less Fish', Less Fish due to draft = example: 9-10 ft shoal area; boat carries up to 130,000 lb with draft of 12 ft; can only bring 60,000 lb to keep draft approx 10 ft" Q23 "One company had to buy another facility in Va to same Small boats have left and moved to other Knows fisherman who no longer will use accommodate their fleet of approx 8-12 boats. locations. One fisherman no longer operates the inlet (i.e. relocated), but not people One individual boat owner's vessel sustained because boat was damaged in Oregon Inlet; who have left the industry. severe damage in inlet in 1983 due to draft of couldn't afford insurance on boat. vessel and insurance concerns has relocated to Q24 Va since 1983" TOURISM SURVEY

Name Survey 1 Survey 1 Business Outer Banks Visitors Center Notes Title Carolyn is Managing Director of Visitors Center Q1 $620 million This was the value given for 2004 Q2 Spending and number of tourists increasing Q3a NA Q3b NA Q3c 32% of trips were 3 nights or less in Statistic taken from Wave 1&2 Report fall Q3d 66% stayed at least 6 nights Statistics taken from Wave 1&2 Report (summer) 50% stayed 6 nights or longer (fall) Q3e NA Q3f NA Q3g NA Q3h NA Q4a 24%-summer 36%-fall Statictics from Wave 1&2 Report Q4b NA Q4c 5%-summer 17%-fall Statistics from Wave 1&2 Report Q4d NA Q4e 53%-summer 43%-fall Statistics from Wave 1&2 report Q4f NA Q5a NA Q5b NA Q5c NA Q5d NA Wave 1&2 report contains numbers per party per trip Q5e NA Wave 1&2 report contains numbers per party per trip Q5f NA Wave 1&2 report contains numbers per party per trip Q5g NA Wave 1&2 report contains numbers per party per trip Q5h NA Wave 1&2 report contains numbers per party per trip Q6 NA Q7 decrease Q8 Closing OI would impact seafood delivery, fishing tournaments, bait & tackle shops, real estate-this would impact why tourists come & how much they spend Q9a NA There are 3100 hotel rooms and 14,000 rental homes Q9b 85 Q9c 25 25% of what is open in off-season Q10 Approximately 5% said fishing was Statistic from Wave 1&2 Report their most important factor in deciding to visit the Outer Banks. 11.6% of summer tourists and 4.4% of fall tourists said that charter fishing was an activity they did while visiting

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

APPENDIX B IMPLAN Model Assumptions and Settings

IMPLAN MODELING ASSUMPTIONS FOR COMMERICAL FISHERIES

Crew Expenditure of Disposable Income Impacts Use “35k-50k” institution expenditure pattern from IMPLAN library Deflate impact results to 2005. All Household Margins turned on RPC’s turned on RPC for expenditures on ‘Fishing’ set to 100% local Crew direct expenditures $1,361,606

Skipper and Vessel Owner Expenditure of Disposable Income Impacts Use “75k-100k” institution expenditure pattern from IMPLAN library Deflate impact results to 2005. All Household Margins turned on RPC’s turned on RPC for expenditures on ‘Fishing’ set to 100% local Skippers direct expenditures $568,802 Vessel Owner direct expenditures $1,900,863

Vessel non-wage/salary Expenditures (Fuel, Ice, Drydock, etc.) Deflate impact results to 2005. Household Margins turned on for those sectors with margins Other assumptions listed in table below

Regional Expenditure IMPLAN Direct Purchase Category Model Sector Expenditures Coefficient Ice 85 $228125 100.0% Fishing Gear 103 $228125 100.0% Dry Dock 357 $112500 100.0% Maintenance 357 $112500 100.0% Groceries 405 $175000 100.0% Fuel 407 $3443750 100.0% Insurance 428 $287500 50.1% Interest on Vessel 430 $265625 57.4% Loans Other (Business 455 $275000 100.0% Services) IMPLAN MODELING ASSUMPTIONS FOR MARINE TRADES

$75 million direct impact to boat building sector (IMPLAN sector 358) Deflate impact results to 2005. 100% local direct impact (RPC turned off for IMPLAN sector 358) Because Dare county boat manufacturers typically sell boats directly to consumer, assume producer prices, an turn off household margins in IMPLAN Calculate Industry impact (rather than Commodity)

IMPLAN MODELING ASSUMPTIONS FOR SEAFOOD PACKING/PROCESSING

$25 million in direct impact to seafood packing/processing sector (IMPLAN sector 71) Deflate impact results to 2005. Direct impacts 100% local (RPCs turned off within IMPLAN.) Sales by seafood processors are at the producer level; margins turned off in IMPLAN for calculation of direct impacts. Industry-based impacts estimated (rather than commodity-based impacts).

SUPPLEMENTARY DATA ON SEAFOOD PACKING/PROCESSING SECTOR FROM NFERF STUDY

Estimated Percentage of Landed Live Weight Entering Processing Sectors After Heading/Gutting/Cleaning Source: NFERF. 1989.

Fillets, Portions, Steaks, Canned Stuffed, Cooked, Skinned & Product Breaded, Cured, Whole Crab Including Prepared Smoked Product Sections Pet Foods Dinners Products Flounders & Flatfish 31.4% 63.1% 0.0% 5.5% 0.0% Hard Clams 13.4% 43.8% 34.5% 8.3% 0.0% Scallops 0.0% 86.4% 0.0% 13.6% 0.0% Shrimp 21.8% 57.9% 2.7% 17.2% 0.4%

Price Mark-Up (Margin) of Primary Wholesale/Processed Fishery Products Above Ex-Vessel Price of Landed Fish/Shellfish South Atlantic Region Source: NFERF. 1989.

Fillets, Canned Portions, Cured Steaks, Product Stuffed & Smoked Whole Skinned & Including Pet Breaded Products & Product Crab Sections Foods Products Crab Meats Flounders & Flatfish 139% 94% N/A 114% 315% Hard Clams 152% 152% 144% 279% N/A Surf Clams 111% 111% 111% 111% N/A Scallops N/A 120% N/A 291% 43% Shrimp 93% 125% 193% 101% 220%

Average Expenditure Shares for Production Inputs Other Than Raw Seafood Input Primary Wholesalers and Processors Source: NFERF. 1989.

Flounder Hard Breaded Surf Surf & Flatfish Clams Clams, Shrimp Clams Shrimp Fillets Canned or Scallops Shucked Peeled Non-Fish Ingredients 3.47% 3.47% 12.50% 1.95% 0.00% Purchased Ice 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.15% 0.00% Packing Materials 21.43% 21.43% 5.11% 6.28% 13.63% All Wages & Compensation 9.15% 9.15% 23.30% 41.72% 31.47% Payroll Taxes & Benefits 2.86% 2.86% 5.11% 5.75% 0.88% Freight & Shipping 2.51% 2.51% 6.82% 1.95% 3.38% Truck & Auto 2.41% 2.41% 0.00% 2.59% 6.18% Broker Fees 5.39% 5.39% 10.23% 0.60% 0.74% Marketing Expenses 4.05% 4.05% 6.25% 1.08% 0.74% Building Total 0.14% 0.14% 0.00% 1.24% 0.00% Building Depreciation 0.00% 0.00% 0.57% 2.93% 0.49% Equipment Depreciation 2.69% 2.69% 2.27% 1.34% 3.43% Equipment Lease 0.68% 0.68% 0.57% 0.37% 2.89% Utilities 1.94% 1.94% 3.41% 2.96% 4.56% Warehouse/Coldstorage 0.85% 0.85% 4.55% 0.60% 0.00% Accounting/Legal/Licenses 0.25% 0.25% 5.68% 0.20% 0.29% Repairs & Maintenance 1.25% 1.25% 2.27% 4.88% 3.53% Insurance 3.04% 3.04% 0.00% 3.31% 2.55% Interest 5.86% 5.86% 0.57% 3.58% 1.91% Property & Non-Income Tax 4.12% 4.12% 0.00% 1.18% 0.78% Income, Profit & Dividends 12.35% 12.35% 7.95% 11.37% 11.27% Income Taxes 0.08% 0.08% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Telephone 0.03% 0.03% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Miscellaneous 0.71% 0.71% 0.00% 3.98% 0.00% Administrative 7.82% 7.82% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Bad Debts 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Travel & Promotion 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Import Costs 0.62% 0.62% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Other 5.00% 5.00% 2.84% 0.00% 11.27% Totals 98.70% 98.70% 100.00% 100.01% 99.99%

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

APPENDIX C Cost and Earnings Data for Trawl and Dredge Vessels from Prior Studies

COST AND EARNINGS DATA FOR TRAWL AND DREDGE VESSELS FROM PRIOR STUDIES

Typical Expenditure Shares for Harvesting Sector Vessels Source: NFERF. 1989.

Hard Flounder Clams Scallops Shrimp FIXED COSTS Insurance 9.35% 9.19% 8.56% 4.96% Maintenance & Repair 4.20% 8.44% 7.62% 11.21% Overhead 0.28% 0.00% 0.62% 0.00% Chemicals 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Miscellaneous 1.04% 0.93% 0.13% 0.81%

VARIABLE COSTS Fuel & Oil 15.71% 10.47% 9.02% 19.87% Food 3.87% 6.00% 4.38% 3.41% Ice 2.37% 0.00% 1.23% 3.10% Nets & Other Gear 9.03% 0.00% 1.24% 4.98% Feed 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Miscellaneous 1.39% 0.00% 0.32% 0.89%

LABOR COSTS Combined Crew Share & Paid Captain 29.44% 38.01% 45.66% 23.71% Captain/Owner Profit, "Vessel Share" 11.20% 11.61% 10.14% 12.09%

OTHER COSTS Operating Taxes & Permits 1.25% 2.00% 3.33% 0.19% Interest Charges on Loans 6.66% 4.21% 3.56% 5.35% Vessel & Gear Depreciation 4.21% 9.15% 4.18% 9.43%

Average Annual Reported Vessel Revenues and Costs by South Carolina Licensed Shrimp Trawlers, 1999. (Source: Henry et al. 2001)

(Vessel size) 15 to 30 ft. 31 to 60 ft. 61 to 100 ft. ($) Total Revenue 10,678 71,307 162,726 Operating Costs Ice 169 1,767 6,342 Fuel 980 7,116 14,036 Groceries 99 1,386 2,603 Misc. Hardware & Supplies 356 4,771 12,676 Utilities 143 65 1,463 Car & Truck Expenses 714 1,256 2,833 Electronics repair 106 654 1,611 Hull & engine repair 479 2,591 7,351 Gear repair 190 1,883 7,695 Total repair & Maintenance 776 5,128 16,657

Doors 88 914 1,627 BRD’s 13 113 173 TED’s 50 424 973 Nets 278 2,124 4,709 Total Equipment Replacement Costs 429 2,576 7,481 Miscellaneous Costs 81 1,228 1,838 Interest on operating loans 42 253 611 Operating costs (exc shr, packing) Subtotal 3,787 26,546 66,539 Packing ($0.25 per pound) 697 4,654 10,622 Shares Captain 1,886 12,207 27,949 Crew 1,415 14,411 37,550 All Operating Costs Subtotal 7,785 57,819 142,659 Income above Operating Costs 2,893 13,488 20,066 Ownership Costs License/Regulatory Fees 138 283 882 Interest on Investment 550 2,714 7,727 Depreciation reported 130 1,191 4,253 Hull Insurance 87 1,702 5,093 Other Insurance 0 102 225 Job-Related Insurance 62 701 4,099 Property Tax 79 239 479 Professional Fees 16 376 649 Subtotal 1,061 8,307 23,408

Total Costs 8,846 66,126 166,068

Net Annual Returns 1,833 5,180 -3,342 (Pounds) Pounds at Heads off Price/pound: $3.83 2,788 18,618 42,487 Crew Share after deductions (ice, fuel, groceries) 13% 20% 23% Captain Share after deductions 18% 17% 17%

Annual Average Expenses for Florida (San Carlos Island-based) Commercial Pink Shrimp Vessels, 1997. (Source: Adams et al. 2000.) Expenses Category Annual Average per Percent of Annual Total Vessel ($) (%)

Operating Expenses - Crew Share 60,149 30.1 Groceries 9,290 4.7 Taxi 125 0.1 Packing 3,053 1.5 Vessel Maintenance / Repair 33,866 17.0 Electronics Maintenance / Repair 2,770 1.4 Ice 2,286 1.1 Fuel 40,582 20.3 Lube / Oil 467 0.2 Nets / Gear 10,770 5.4 Supplies 22,174 11.1 Dues / Licenses 1,260 0.6 Transportation 78 0.1 Total Operating Expenses 186,870 93.6

Overhead Expenses - Contract Labor 1,359 0.7 Insurance 6,078 3.0 Interest 3,220 1.6 Legal / Accounting 1,808 0.9 Taxes 99 0.1 Miscellaneous 116 0.1 Depreciation -- -- Medical 60 0.1 Total Overhead Expense 12,740 6.4

Total Expenses 199,610 100.0

Source: Data obtained from informal consultations and interviews with industry representatives. Data reflects costs associated with trips originating from Florida and Texas ports.

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

APPENDIX D IMPLAN Output Tables for Commercial Fisheries

Table D-1 Employment Impacts (All jobs, full-time and part-time)

IMPLAN Model Sector Direct Indirect Induced Total Impact Impact Impact Impact 1 Crop Farming 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12 Livestock 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14 Forestry & Logging 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 16 Fishing- Hunting & Trapping 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18 Ag & Forestry Svcs 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 19 Oil & gas extraction 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 Mining 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 27 Mining services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 Utilities 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 33 Construction 0.1 0.3 5.8 6.2 46 Food products 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.3 85 Beverage & Tobacco 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.5 92 Textile Mills 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 99 Textile Products 1.6 0.0 0.0 1.6 104 Apparel Mfg 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.3 109 Leather & Allied 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 112 Wood Products 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 124 Paper Manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 136 Printing & Related 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 142 Petroleum & coal prod 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 147 Chemical Manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 172 Plastics & rubber prod 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 183 Nonmetal mineral prod 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 203 Primary metal mfg 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 224 Fabricated metal prod 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 257 Machinery Mfg 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 302 Computer & other electronics 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 325 Electrical eqpmt & appliances 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 344 Transportation eqpmt 1.6 0.0 0.0 1.6 362 Furniture & related prod 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 374 Miscellaneous mfg 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 390 Wholesale Trade 1.5 0.4 0.7 2.7 391 Air transportation 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 392 Rail Transportation 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 393 Water transportation 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 394 Truck transportation 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 395 Transit & ground passengers 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 396 Pipeline transportation 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 397 Sightseeing transportation 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 398 Postal service 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 399 Couriers & messengers 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 400 Warehousing & storage 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 401 Motor vehicle & parts dealers 0.5 0.1 0.6 1.1 402 Furniture & home furnishings 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4

403 Electronics & appliances stores 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 404 Bldg materials & garden dealers 0.2 0.0 0.4 0.7 405 food & beverage stores 3.1 0.1 1.0 4.2 406 Health & personal care stores 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.6 407 Gasoline/Fuel facilities 10.7 0.0 0.2 11.0 408 Clothing & accessories stores 0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 409 Sports- hobby- book & music stores 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.6 410 Department stores 1.1 0.1 0.7 1.9 411 Misc retailers 0.7 0.1 0.6 1.4 412 Non-store retailers 1.3 0.0 0.5 1.8 413 Publishing industries 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.4 418 Motion picture & sound recording 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 420 Broadcasting 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.6 423 Internet & data process svcs 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 425 Credit mediation & related 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 426 Securities & other financial 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 427 Insurance carriers & related 1.3 0.1 0.0 1.4 429 Funds- trusts & other finan 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 430 Monetary authorities 1.1 0.1 0.3 1.5 431 Real estate 1.1 1.9 2.6 5.6 432 Rental & leasing svcs 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.4 436 Lessor of nonfinance intangible assets 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 437 Professional- scientific & tech svcs 0.7 0.9 1.3 3.0 451 Management of companies 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 452 Admin support svcs 3.8 1.0 0.8 5.6 460 Waste mgmt & remediation svcs 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 461 Educational svcs 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 464 Ambulatory health care 1.6 0.0 0.9 2.5 467 Hospitals 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 468 Nursing & residential care 0.8 0.0 0.5 1.3 469 Social assistance 0.7 0.0 0.4 1.0 471 Performing arts & spectator sports 0.4 0.2 0.3 1.0 475 Museums & similar 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 476 Amusement- gambling & recreation 0.8 0.1 0.4 1.3 479 Accommodations 0.5 0.1 0.4 1.0 481 Food svcs & drinking places 3.8 0.4 2.3 6.4 482 Repair & maintenance 1.1 0.2 0.7 2.0 487 Personal & laundry svcs 0.8 0.1 0.5 1.4 491 Religious- grant-making- & similar orgs 0.6 0.1 0.4 1.1 494 Private households 0.8 0.0 0.4 1.2 495 Government services & non NAICs 2.7 0.1 7.4 10.2 Total 49.1 7.7 32.8 89.6

Table D-2. Output/Business Activity Impacts (2005 $ s)

Industry Direct Indirect Induced Total 1 Crop Farming 0 0 0 0 12 Livestock 0 0 0 0 14 Forestry & Logging 2,818 1,469 1,136 5,423 16 Fishing- Hunting & Trapping 1,188 0 0 1,188 18 Ag & Forestry Svcs 138 222 623 984 19 Oil & gas extraction 0 0 0 0 20 Mining 185 1 3 189 27 Mining services 0 0 0 0 30 Utilities 1,436 1,061 1,634 4,132 33 Construction 8,398 28,268 666,440 703,106 46 Food products 23,633 1,936 2,948 28,517 85 Beverage & Tobacco 171,192 1,408 189 172,788 92 Textile Mills 1,874 1,094 60 3,027 99 Textile Products 238,334 483 349 239,166 104 Apparel Mfg 31,791 721 2,617 35,129 109 Leather & Allied 0 0 0 0 112 Wood Products 204 1,013 2,418 3,634 124 Paper Manufacturing 0 0 0 0 136 Printing & Related 4,720 3,282 1,260 9,262 142 Petroleum & coal prod 0 0 0 0 147 Chemical Manufacturing 0 0 0 0 172 Plastics & rubber prod 0 0 0 0 183 Nonmetal mineral prod 2,974 39 273 3,285 203 Primary metal mfg 0 0 0 0 224 Fabricated metal prod 2,905 1,368 436 4,709 257 Machinery Mfg 0 0 0 0 302 Computer & other electronics 0 245 743 988 325 Electrical eqpmt & appliances 564 304 198 1,066 344 Transportation eqpmt 231,513 25 1,117 232,655 362 Furniture & related prod 10,327 1,783 9,882 21,992 374 Miscellaneous mfg 9,587 6 40 9,633 390 Wholesale Trade 127,559 34,029 60,036 221,623 391 Air transportation 2,446 599 1,207 4,252 392 Rail Transportation 1,971 476 867 3,314 393 Water transportation 0 0 0 0 394 Truck transportation 13,813 3,535 5,299 22,648 395 Transit & ground passengers 430 124 418 972 396 Pipeline transportation 0 0 0 0 397 Sightseeing transportation 5,998 3,570 3,949 13,516 398 Postal service 3,678 7,534 6,057 17,269 399 Couriers & messengers 27 684 304 1,016 400 Warehousing & storage 33 690 180 902 401 Motor vehicle & parts dealers 39,503 5,168 52,957 97,628 402 Furniture & home furnishings 20,753 1,391 14,974 37,118 403 Electronics & appliances stores 5,676 895 6,234 12,805 404 Bldg materials & garden dealers 17,319 2,569 28,307 48,194

405 food & beverage stores 152,243 4,266 48,374 204,883 406 Health & personal care stores 13,408 2,017 16,716 32,141 407 Gasoline/Fuel facilities 753,182 1,386 16,763 771,331 408 Clothing & accessories stores 24,674 1,953 23,814 50,441 409 Sports- hobby- book & music stores 11,665 700 10,508 22,873 410 Department stores 61,387 4,422 40,684 106,493 411 Misc retailers 22,945 2,460 18,185 43,590 412 Non-store retailers 31,754 998 11,256 44,008 413 Publishing industries 17,015 17,644 7,986 42,645 418 Motion picture & sound recording 5,527 7,117 6,249 18,893 420 Broadcasting 38,728 35,185 43,698 117,612 423 Internet & data process svcs 763 893 807 2,464 425 Credit mediation & related 29,284 36,488 30,612 96,385 426 Securities & other financial 4,150 4,383 4,590 13,123 427 Insurance carriers & related 145,188 8,691 3,871 157,750 429 Funds- trusts & other finan 25,462 155 12,186 37,803 430 Monetary authorities 224,020 23,257 54,041 301,319 431 Real estate 67,984 114,651 158,725 341,360 432 Rental & leasing svcs 10,498 6,624 12,244 29,365 436 Lessor of nonfinance intangible assets 0 0 0 0 437 Professional- scientific & tech svcs 38,012 56,128 81,149 175,289 451 Management of companies 0 16,150 3,699 19,848 452 Admin support svcs 246,578 35,137 24,868 306,582 460 Waste mgmt & remediation svcs 3,263 3,382 4,884 11,529 461 Educational svcs 6,429 177 3,561 10,167 464 Ambulatory health care 134,977 95 78,709 213,782 467 Hospitals 4,978 0 3,051 8,029 468 Nursing & residential care 48,578 0 30,320 78,898 469 Social assistance 24,978 7 13,902 38,886 471 Performing arts & spectator sports 6,829 7,384 6,902 21,115 475 Museums & similar 2,489 0 1,314 3,802 476 Amusement- gambling & recreation 44,573 1,714 23,862 70,149 479 Accommodations 28,598 6,159 19,438 54,194 481 Food svcs & drinking places 167,639 15,777 100,434 283,850 482 Repair & maintenance 73,234 14,322 52,222 139,779 487 Personal & laundry svcs 39,244 3,914 24,955 68,113 491 Religious- grant-making- & similar orgs 28,638 6,506 18,402 53,546 494 Private households 6,633 0 3,513 10,146 495 Government services & non NAICs 592,110 31,454 564,480 1,188,044 Total 4,120,644 577,588 2,454,129 7,152,357

Table D-3. Wages/Salaries/Sole Proprietorship/Partnership Income Impacts: (2005 $ s)

Industry Direct Indirect Induced Total 1 Crop Farming 0 0 0 0 12 Livestock 0 0 0 0 14 Forestry & Logging 359 187 145 690 16 Fishing- Hunting & Trapping 673 0 0 673 18 Ag & Forestry Svcs 87 139 390 615 19 Oil & gas extraction 0 0 0 0 20 Mining 49 0 1 50 27 Mining services 0 0 0 0 30 Utilities 320 229 359 907 33 Construction 2,291 12,554 243,392 258,236 46 Food products 4,109 231 446 4,786 85 Beverage & Tobacco 36,579 247 37 36,863 92 Textile Mills 516 251 15 781 99 Textile Products 58,604 119 86 58,809 104 Apparel Mfg 9,111 207 750 10,067 109 Leather & Allied 0 0 0 0 112 Wood Products 45 224 533 802 124 Paper Manufacturing 0 0 0 0 136 Printing & Related 1,654 1,150 442 3,247 142 Petroleum & coal prod 0 0 0 0 147 Chemical Manufacturing 0 0 0 0 172 Plastics & rubber prod 0 0 0 0 183 Nonmetal mineral prod 1,399 9 63 1,472 203 Primary metal mfg 0 0 0 0 224 Fabricated metal prod 703 392 141 1,236 257 Machinery Mfg 0 0 0 0 302 Computer & other electronics 0 104 316 420 325 Electrical eqpmt & appliances 97 52 34 184 344 Transportation eqpmt 82,503 7 272 82,783 362 Furniture & related prod 3,961 757 4,127 8,845 374 Miscellaneous mfg 2,207 1 9 2,218 390 Wholesale Trade 51,457 13,727 24,218 89,403 391 Air transportation 355 87 175 618 392 Rail Transportation 726 175 319 1,220 393 Water transportation 0 0 0 0 394 Truck transportation 5,048 1,292 1,937 8,277 395 Transit & ground passengers 115 33 111 259 396 Pipeline transportation 0 0 0 0 397 Sightseeing transportation 1,809 1,077 1,191 4,077 398 Postal service 3,061 6,271 5,041 14,373 399 Couriers & messengers 9 227 101 337 400 Warehousing & storage 14 304 79 398 401 Motor vehicle & parts dealers 18,747 2,452 25,131 46,330 402 Furniture & home furnishings 8,879 595 6,406 15,880 403 Electronics & appliances stores 2,989 471 3,283 6,744

404 Bldg materials & garden dealers 7,530 1,117 12,307 20,954 405 food & beverage stores 70,864 1,986 22,516 95,365 406 Health & personal care stores 6,133 923 7,647 14,703 407 Gasoline/Fuel facilities 325,067 598 7,235 332,900 408 Clothing & accessories stores 10,093 799 9,741 20,633 409 Sports- hobby- book & music stores 5,627 338 5,069 11,034 410 Department stores 28,921 2,083 19,167 50,172 411 Misc retailers 11,756 1,260 9,317 22,333 412 Non-store retailers 10,523 331 3,730 14,583 413 Publishing industries 4,462 5,610 2,463 12,536 418 Motion picture & sound recording 1,020 1,313 1,153 3,486 420 Broadcasting 10,591 8,429 11,579 30,598 423 Internet & data process svcs 242 283 256 781 425 Credit mediation & related 10,857 13,527 11,349 35,733 426 Securities & other financial 1,144 1,208 1,265 3,617 427 Insurance carriers & related 63,562 3,582 1,133 68,276 429 Funds- trusts & other finan 1,484 9 710 2,203 430 Monetary authorities 55,255 5,736 13,329 74,321 431 Real estate 10,408 17,553 24,301 52,263 432 Rental & leasing svcs 3,310 1,327 2,891 7,528 436 Lessor of nonfinance intangible assets 0 0 0 0 437 Professional- scientific & tech svcs 21,978 35,279 50,786 108,043 451 Management of companies 0 7,153 1,638 8,792 452 Admin support svcs 99,950 17,738 13,095 130,783 460 Waste mgmt & remediation svcs 1,030 1,068 1,542 3,640 461 Educational svcs 2,559 56 1,367 3,982 464 Ambulatory health care 89,049 27 51,949 141,025 467 Hospitals 2,694 0 1,651 4,345 468 Nursing & residential care 30,123 0 18,802 48,925 469 Social assistance 11,530 4 6,494 18,028 471 Performing arts & spectator sports 3,157 2,126 2,611 7,894 475 Museums & similar 684 0 361 1,046 476 Amusement- gambling & recreation 14,569 839 7,934 23,341 479 Accommodations 11,028 2,414 7,529 20,971 481 Food svcs & drinking places 67,196 6,324 40,258 113,778 482 Repair & maintenance 27,594 4,547 19,036 51,177 487 Personal & laundry svcs 13,448 1,292 8,550 23,290 491 Religious- grant-making- & similar orgs 18,416 2,675 11,067 32,158 494 Private households 6,633 0 3,513 10,146 495 Government services & non NAICs 107,194 5,081 321,400 433,674 Total 1,466,157 198,206 1,056,291 2,720,657

Table D-4. Rental Income and Corporation Income Impacts (2005 $ s)

Industry Direct Indirect Induced Total 1 Crop Farming 10 0 0 0 12 Livestock 0 0 0 0 14 Forestry & Logging 294 154 119 567 16 Fishing- Hunting & Trapping 23 0 0 23 18 Ag & Forestry Svcs 0 0 0 0 19 Oil & gas extraction 0 0 0 0 20 Mining 37 0 1 38 27 Mining services 0 0 0 0 30 Utilities 541 402 617 1559 33 Construction 394 622 24589 25605 46 Food products 3195 75 222 3492 85 Beverage & Tobacco 19578 115 19 19712 92 Textile Mills 46 8 1 54 99 Textile Products 7208 15 11 7233 104 Apparel Mfg 6457 146 532 7135 109 Leather & Allied 0 0 0 0 112 Wood Products 20 101 241 362 124 Paper Manufacturing 0 0 0 0 136 Printing & Related 436 303 116 856 142 Petroleum & coal prod 0 0 0 0 147 Chemical Manufacturing 0 0 0 0 172 Plastics & rubber prod 0 0 0 0 183 Nonmetal mineral prod 242 3 22 268 203 Primary metal mfg 0 0 0 0 224 Fabricated metal prod 307 153 39 499 257 Machinery Mfg 0 0 0 0 302 Computer & other electronics 0 6 19 25 325 Electrical eqpmt & appliances 16 9 6 31 344 Transportation eqpmt 13395 3 180 13578 362 Furniture & related prod 431 152 819 1402 374 Miscellaneous mfg 118 0 0 119 390 Wholesale Trade 19855 5297 9345 34496 391 Air transportation 35 9 17 61 392 Rail Transportation 451 109 198 758 393 Water transportation 0 0 0 0 394 Truck transportation 1359 348 521 2228 395 Transit & ground passengers 46 13 44 103 396 Pipeline transportation 0 0 0 0 397 Sightseeing transportation 0 0 0 0 398 Postal service 0 0 0 0 399 Couriers & messengers 4 94 42 139 400 Warehousing & storage 3 62 16 81 401 Motor vehicle & parts dealers 5458 714 7317 13489 402 Furniture & home furnishings 3327 223 2401 5951 403 Electronics & appliances stores 734 116 807 1657 404 Bldg materials & garden dealers 3313 491 5415 9220

405 food & beverage stores 22375 627 7109 30111 406 Health & personal care stores 1974 297 2461 4731 407 Gasoline/Fuel facilities 91629 169 2039 93837 408 Clothing & accessories stores 4796 380 4629 9805 409 Sports- hobby- book & music stores 1694 102 1526 3322 410 Department stores 10814 779 7167 18761 411 Misc retailers 1709 183 1355 3248 412 Non-store retailers 4844 152 1717 6714 413 Publishing industries 1744 1550 744 4038 418 Motion picture & sound recording 149 192 168 509 420 Broadcasting 11245 7347 11796 30388 423 Internet & data process svcs 30 35 31 96 425 Credit mediation & related 8361 10417 8740 27518 426 Securities & other financial 0 0 0 0 427 Insurance carriers & related 49819 2689 588 53096 429 Funds- trusts & other finan 0 0 0 0 430 Monetary authorities 85788 8906 20695 115390 431 Real estate 29966 50536 69962 150463 432 Rental & leasing svcs 350 383 601 1333 436 Lessor of nonfinance intangible assets 0 0 0 0 437 Professional- scientific & tech svcs 2850 5813 7163 15825 451 Management of companies 0 3112 713 3824 452 Admin support svcs 39910 2587 1371 43868 460 Waste mgmt & remediation svcs 607 629 909 2146 461 Educational svcs 1034 36 599 1669 464 Ambulatory health care 15764 4 9229 24997 467 Hospitals 23 0 14 36 468 Nursing & residential care 3297 0 2058 5355 469 Social assistance 2526 0 1324 3850 471 Performing arts & spectator sports 331 350 321 1002 475 Museums & similar 0 0 0 0 476 Amusement- gambling & recreation 5969 110 3137 9216 479 Accommodations 8023 1842 5548 15413 481 Food svcs & drinking places 4861 458 2913 8231 482 Repair & maintenance 441 522 670 1634 487 Personal & laundry svcs 2736 222 1593 4550 491 Religious- grant-making- & similar orgs 0 0 0 0 494 Private households 0 0 0 0 495 Government services & non NAICs 321783 16712 160616 499111 Total 824766 126880 393182 1344828

Table D-5. Government Tax and Fee Revenue Impacts (2005 $ s)

Federal Government Corporate Profits Tax $68,718 Indirect Bus Tax: Custom Duty $20,156 Indirect Bus Tax: Excise Taxes $68,267 Indirect Bus Tax: (Fines &Fees) $21,372 Personal Tax: Income Tax $404,471 Social Ins Tax- Employee Contribution $163,906 Social Ins Tax- Employer Contribution $148,665 Subtotal $895,555 State/Local Government Corporate Profits Tax $11,515 Dividends $24,635 Indirect Bus Tax: Motor Vehicle License $5,178 Indirect Bus Tax: Other Taxes $26,596 Indirect Bus Tax: Property Tax $129,126 Indirect Bus Tax: (Fines &Fees) $20,202 Indirect Bus Tax: Sales Tax $181,297 Indirect Bus Tax: Severance Tax $38 Personal Tax: Income Tax $70,484 Personal Tax: Motor Vehicle License $3,525 Personal Tax: (Fines &Fees) $8,628 Personal Tax: Other Tax (Fish/Hunt) $443 Personal Tax: Property Taxes $902 Social Ins Tax- Employee Contribution $1,528 Social Ins Tax- Employer Contribution $4,153 Subtotal $488,250 Total $1,383,805

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

APPENDIX E IMPLAN Output Tables for Seafood Packing and Processing

Table E-1 Employment Impacts (All jobs, full-time and part-time)

IMPLAN Model Sector Direct Indirect Induced Total Impact Impact Impact Impact 1 Crop Farming 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12 Livestock 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14 Forestry & Logging 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 16 Fishing- Hunting & Trapping 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18 Ag & Forestry Svcs 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 19 Oil & gas extraction 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 Mining 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 27 Mining services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 Utilities 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 33 Construction 0.0 1.8 8.7 10.5 46 Food products 132.4 2.6 0.1 135.0 85 Beverage & Tobacco 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 92 Textile Mills 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 99 Textile Products 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 104 Apparel Mfg 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 109 Leather & Allied 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 112 Wood Products 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 124 Paper Manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 136 Printing & Related 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 142 Petroleum & coal prod 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 147 Chemical Manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 172 Plastics & rubber prod 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 183 Nonmetal mineral prod 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 203 Primary metal mfg 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 224 Fabricated metal prod 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 257 Machinery Mfg 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 302 Computer & other electronics 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 325 Electrical eqpmt & appliances 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 344 Transportation eqpmt 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 362 Furniture & related prod 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 374 Miscellaneous mfg 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 390 Wholesale Trade 0.0 13.9 1.6 15.5 391 Air transportation 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 392 Rail Transportation 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 393 Water transportation 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 394 Truck transportation 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 395 Transit & ground passengers 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 396 Pipeline transportation 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 397 Sightseeing transportation 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.5 398 Postal service 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 399 Couriers & messengers 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 400 Warehousing & storage 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 401 Motor vehicle & parts dealers 0.0 0.3 1.4 1.7 402 Furniture & home furnishings 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.5

403 Electronics & appliances stores 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.3 404 Bldg materials & garden dealers 0.0 0.2 0.9 1.0 405 food & beverage stores 0.0 0.4 2.2 2.6 406 Health & personal care stores 0.0 0.2 0.7 0.8 407 Gasoline/Fuel facilities 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.6 408 Clothing & accessories stores 0.0 0.2 1.0 1.2 409 Sports- hobby- book & music stores 0.0 0.1 0.6 0.7 410 Department stores 0.0 0.4 1.6 2.0 411 Misc retailers 0.0 0.4 1.2 1.6 412 Non-store retailers 0.0 0.2 1.0 1.2 413 Publishing industries 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.4 418 Motion picture & sound recording 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 420 Broadcasting 0.0 0.4 0.5 0.9 423 Internet & data process svcs 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 425 Credit mediation & related 0.0 0.4 0.2 0.7 426 Securities & other financial 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 427 Insurance carriers & related 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 429 Funds- trusts & other finan 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 430 Monetary authorities 0.0 0.5 0.6 1.1 431 Real estate 0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 432 Rental & leasing svcs 0.0 0.4 0.3 0.7 436 Lessor of nonfinance intangible assets 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 437 Professional- scientific & tech svcs 0.0 2.6 2.7 5.3 451 Management of companies 0.0 2.3 0.1 2.4 452 Admin support svcs 0.0 1.7 1.6 3.2 460 Waste mgmt & remediation svcs 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 461 Educational svcs 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 464 Ambulatory health care 0.0 0.0 2.3 2.3 467 Hospitals 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 468 Nursing & residential care 0.0 0.0 1.2 1.2 469 Social assistance 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.9 471 Performing arts & spectator sports 0.0 0.4 0.8 1.2 475 Museums & similar 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 476 Amusement- gambling & recreation 0.0 0.3 1.1 1.4 479 Accommodations 0.0 0.6 0.8 1.4 481 Food svcs & drinking places 0.0 0.6 5.5 6.1 482 Repair & maintenance 0.0 2.4 1.7 4.1 487 Personal & laundry svcs 0.0 0.0 1.3 1.3 491 Religious- grant-making- & similar orgs 0.0 0.2 0.9 1.1 494 Private households 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 495 Government services & non NAICs 0.0 0.3 15.2 15.5 Total 132.4 38.1 67.8 238.2

Table E-2. Output/Business Activity Impacts (2005 $ s)

Industry Direct Indirect Induced Total 1 Crop Farming 0 0 0 0 12 Livestock 0 0 0 0 14 Forestry & Logging 0 1,470 1,704 3,174 16 Fishing- Hunting & Trapping 0 0 0 0 18 Ag & Forestry Svcs 0 117 1,403 1,520 19 Oil & gas extraction 0 0 0 0 20 Mining 0 1 5 6 27 Mining services 0 0 0 0 30 Utilities 0 7,026 3,684 10,711 33 Construction 0 148,312 979,666 1,127,978 46 Food products 25,000,000 488,590 6,986 25,495,574 85 Beverage & Tobacco 0 12 459 470 92 Textile Mills 0 473 140 612 99 Textile Products 0 517 763 1,281 104 Apparel Mfg 0 63 6,396 6,459 109 Leather & Allied 0 0 0 0 112 Wood Products 0 3,191 3,622 6,813 124 Paper Manufacturing 0 0 0 0 136 Printing & Related 0 4,484 2,796 7,280 142 Petroleum & coal prod 0 0 0 0 147 Chemical Manufacturing 0 0 0 0 172 Plastics & rubber prod 0 0 0 0 183 Nonmetal mineral prod 0 62 418 480 203 Primary metal mfg 0 0 0 0 224 Fabricated metal prod 0 1,388 765 2,153 257 Machinery Mfg 0 0 0 0 302 Computer & other electronics 0 1,537 1,167 2,704 325 Electrical eqpmt & appliances 0 234 316 550 344 Transportation eqpmt 0 7 2,495 2,502 362 Furniture & related prod 0 3,928 15,157 19,084 374 Miscellaneous mfg 0 3 93 95 390 Wholesale Trade 0 1,163,815 133,076 1,296,890 391 Air transportation 0 12,721 2,836 15,557 392 Rail Transportation 0 9,510 1,786 11,297 393 Water transportation 0 0 0 0 394 Truck transportation 0 12,655 10,964 23,618 395 Transit & ground passengers 0 237 948 1,185 396 Pipeline transportation 0 0 0 0 397 Sightseeing transportation 0 24,068 8,735 32,803 398 Postal service 0 5,153 13,094 18,247 399 Couriers & messengers 0 1,886 626 2,512 400 Warehousing & storage 0 9,402 394 9,796 401 Motor vehicle & parts dealers 0 25,798 119,096 144,894 402 Furniture & home furnishings 0 6,944 32,671 39,615 403 Electronics & appliances stores 0 4,467 13,545 18,012 404 Bldg materials & garden dealers 0 12,824 62,315 75,139

405 food & beverage stores 0 21,294 108,111 129,405 406 Health & personal care stores 0 10,072 36,906 46,978 407 Gasoline/Fuel facilities 0 6,920 36,983 43,904 408 Clothing & accessories stores 0 9,750 53,007 62,758 409 Sports- hobby- book & music stores 0 3,494 23,175 26,670 410 Department stores 0 22,075 89,308 111,383 411 Misc retailers 0 12,281 38,753 51,034 412 Non-store retailers 0 4,984 25,582 30,567 413 Publishing industries 0 26,075 17,747 43,822 418 Motion picture & sound recording 0 4,225 14,992 19,218 420 Broadcasting 0 73,107 97,900 171,007 423 Internet & data process svcs 0 1,837 1,795 3,633 425 Credit mediation & related 0 123,230 70,351 193,581 426 Securities & other financial 0 4,677 10,588 15,265 427 Insurance carriers & related 0 2,217 9,215 11,432 429 Funds- trusts & other finan 0 8 30,153 30,161 430 Monetary authorities 0 95,459 126,961 222,420 431 Real estate 0 152,629 308,129 460,758 432 Rental & leasing svcs 0 44,468 25,651 70,119 436 Lessor of nonfinance intangible assets 0 0 0 0 437 Professional- scientific & tech svcs 0 171,478 161,604 333,082 451 Management of companies 0 248,297 8,103 256,399 452 Admin support svcs 0 54,062 51,728 105,790 460 Waste mgmt & remediation svcs 0 16,625 10,566 27,192 461 Educational svcs 0 173 8,708 8,881 464 Ambulatory health care 0 4 193,912 193,916 467 Hospitals 0 0 7,458 7,458 468 Nursing & residential care 0 0 74,158 74,158 469 Social assistance 0 0 33,942 33,943 471 Performing arts & spectator sports 0 12,759 16,500 29,259 475 Museums & similar 0 0 3,236 3,236 476 Amusement- gambling & recreation 0 9,889 58,382 68,271 479 Accommodations 0 28,904 45,238 74,141 481 Food svcs & drinking places 0 26,256 244,805 271,061 482 Repair & maintenance 0 230,973 120,615 351,588 487 Personal & laundry svcs 0 1,864 60,396 62,260 491 Religious- grant-making- & similar orgs 0 11,578 44,408 55,987 494 Private households 0 0 8,674 8,674 495 Government services & non NAICs 0 80,766 1,256,180 1,336,946 Total 25,000,000 3,463,326 4,962,043 33,425,367

Table E-3. Wages/Salaries/Sole Proprietorship/Partnership Income Impacts: (2005 $ s)

Industry Direct Indirect Induced Total 1 Crop Farming 0 0 0 0 12 Livestock 0 0 0 0 14 Forestry & Logging 0 187 217 404 16 Fishing- Hunting & Trapping 0 0 0 0 18 Ag & Forestry Svcs 0 73 877 951 19 Oil & gas extraction 0 0 0 0 20 Mining 0 0 1 1 27 Mining services 0 0 0 0 30 Utilities 0 1,468 810 2,278 33 Construction 0 73,340 364,779 438,119 46 Food products 3,757,228 73,436 1,330 3,831,993 85 Beverage & Tobacco 0 2 90 92 92 Textile Mills 0 156 34 190 99 Textile Products 0 127 188 315 104 Apparel Mfg 0 18 1,833 1,851 109 Leather & Allied 0 0 0 0 112 Wood Products 0 704 799 1,503 124 Paper Manufacturing 0 0 0 0 136 Printing & Related 0 1,572 980 2,552 142 Petroleum & coal prod 0 0 0 0 147 Chemical Manufacturing 0 0 0 0 172 Plastics & rubber prod 0 0 0 0 183 Nonmetal mineral prod 0 14 99 113 203 Primary metal mfg 0 0 0 0 224 Fabricated metal prod 0 516 251 767 257 Machinery Mfg 0 0 0 0 302 Computer & other electronics 0 653 496 1,148 325 Electrical eqpmt & appliances 0 40 55 95 344 Transportation eqpmt 0 3 607 610 362 Furniture & related prod 0 1,681 6,289 7,970 374 Miscellaneous mfg 0 1 21 22 390 Wholesale Trade 0 469,484 53,683 523,166 391 Air transportation 0 1,849 412 2,261 392 Rail Transportation 0 3,503 658 4,161 393 Water transportation 0 0 0 0 394 Truck transportation 0 4,625 4,007 8,632 395 Transit & ground passengers 0 63 253 316 396 Pipeline transportation 0 0 0 0 397 Sightseeing transportation 0 7,259 2,635 9,894 398 Postal service 0 4,289 10,899 15,187 399 Couriers & messengers 0 626 208 834 400 Warehousing & storage 0 4,146 174 4,320 401 Motor vehicle & parts dealers 0 12,243 56,518 68,760 402 Furniture & home furnishings 0 2,971 13,978 16,948 403 Electronics & appliances stores 0 2,353 7,134 9,486 404 Bldg materials & garden dealers 0 5,576 27,093 32,669

405 food & beverage stores 0 9,912 50,321 60,233 406 Health & personal care stores 0 4,607 16,883 21,490 407 Gasoline/Fuel facilities 0 2,987 15,962 18,948 408 Clothing & accessories stores 0 3,988 21,682 25,671 409 Sports- hobby- book & music stores 0 1,686 11,180 12,865 410 Department stores 0 10,400 42,075 52,476 411 Misc retailers 0 6,292 19,855 26,147 412 Non-store retailers 0 1,652 8,478 10,129 413 Publishing industries 0 8,347 5,459 13,805 418 Motion picture & sound recording 0 780 2,766 3,546 420 Broadcasting 0 18,365 25,937 44,302 423 Internet & data process svcs 0 582 569 1,152 425 Credit mediation & related 0 45,685 26,081 71,767 426 Securities & other financial 0 1,289 2,918 4,207 427 Insurance carriers & related 0 648 2,696 3,344 429 Funds- trusts & other finan 0 0 1,757 1,758 430 Monetary authorities 0 23,545 31,315 54,860 431 Real estate 0 23,368 47,175 70,543 432 Rental & leasing svcs 0 9,074 6,384 15,458 436 Lessor of nonfinance intangible assets 0 0 0 0 437 Professional- scientific & tech svcs 0 109,853 100,342 210,195 451 Management of companies 0 109,981 3,589 113,570 452 Admin support svcs 0 28,331 26,850 55,181 460 Waste mgmt & remediation svcs 0 5,249 3,336 8,584 461 Educational svcs 0 54 3,348 3,403 464 Ambulatory health care 0 1 128,007 128,008 467 Hospitals 0 0 4,037 4,037 468 Nursing & residential care 0 0 45,985 45,985 469 Social assistance 0 0 15,850 15,850 471 Performing arts & spectator sports 0 3,812 6,278 10,090 475 Museums & similar 0 0 890 890 476 Amusement- gambling & recreation 0 4,969 19,373 24,343 479 Accommodations 0 11,339 17,509 28,848 481 Food svcs & drinking places 0 10,524 98,128 108,652 482 Repair & maintenance 0 73,439 44,229 117,667 487 Personal & laundry svcs 0 560 20,716 21,275 491 Religious- grant-making- & similar orgs 0 4,760 26,901 31,661 494 Private households 0 0 8,674 8,674 495 Government services & non NAICs 0 11,657 663,458 675,116 Total 3,757,228 1,220,714 2,134,399 7,112,340

Table E-4. Rental Income and Corporation Income Impacts (2005 $ s)

Industry Direct Indirect Induced Total 1 Crop Farming 0 0 0 0 12 Livestock 0 0 0 0 14 Forestry & Logging 0 154 178 332 16 Fishing- Hunting & Trapping 0 0 0 0 18 Ag & Forestry Svcs 0 0 0 0 19 Oil & gas extraction 0 0 0 0 20 Mining 0 0 1 1 27 Mining services 0 0 0 0 30 Utilities 0 2,671 1,390 4,060 33 Construction 0 916 34,181 35,097 46 Food products 0 12 544 556 85 Beverage & Tobacco 0 1 46 47 92 Textile Mills 0 21 2 23 99 Textile Products 0 16 23 39 104 Apparel Mfg 0 13 1,299 1,312 109 Leather & Allied 0 0 0 0 112 Wood Products 0 318 361 680 124 Paper Manufacturing 0 0 0 0 136 Printing & Related 0 414 258 673 142 Petroleum & coal prod 0 0 0 0 147 Chemical Manufacturing 0 0 0 0 172 Plastics & rubber prod 0 0 0 0 183 Nonmetal mineral prod 0 5 34 39 203 Primary metal mfg 0 0 0 0 224 Fabricated metal prod 0 100 68 168 257 Machinery Mfg 0 0 0 0 302 Computer & other electronics 0 40 30 70 325 Electrical eqpmt & appliances 0 7 9 16 344 Transportation eqpmt 0 0 405 405 362 Furniture & related prod 0 326 1,220 1,546 374 Miscellaneous mfg 0 0 1 1 390 Wholesale Trade 0 181,149 20,713 201,862 391 Air transportation 0 183 41 224 392 Rail Transportation 0 2,176 409 2,584 393 Water transportation 0 0 0 0 394 Truck transportation 0 1,245 1,079 2,324 395 Transit & ground passengers 0 25 100 126 396 Pipeline transportation 0 0 0 0 397 Sightseeing transportation 0 0 0 0 398 Postal service 0 0 0 0 399 Couriers & messengers 0 259 86 345 400 Warehousing & storage 0 840 35 876 401 Motor vehicle & parts dealers 0 3,565 16,455 20,020 402 Furniture & home furnishings 0 1,113 5,238 6,351 403 Electronics & appliances stores 0 578 1,753 2,331 404 Bldg materials & garden dealers 0 2,453 11,921 14,374

405 food & beverage stores 0 3,130 15,889 19,018 406 Health & personal care stores 0 1,483 5,432 6,915 407 Gasoline/Fuel facilities 0 842 4,499 5,341 408 Clothing & accessories stores 0 1,895 10,304 12,199 409 Sports- hobby- book & music stores 0 508 3,366 3,873 410 Department stores 0 3,889 15,733 19,622 411 Misc retailers 0 915 2,887 3,802 412 Non-store retailers 0 760 3,903 4,663 413 Publishing industries 0 2,282 1,647 3,929 418 Motion picture & sound recording 0 114 404 518 420 Broadcasting 0 17,315 26,417 43,733 423 Internet & data process svcs 0 71 70 141 425 Credit mediation & related 0 35,182 20,085 55,268 426 Securities & other financial 0 0 0 0 427 Insurance carriers & related 0 336 1,401 1,737 429 Funds- trusts & other finan 0 0 0 0 430 Monetary authorities 0 36,556 48,620 85,176 431 Real estate 0 67,275 135,816 203,091 432 Rental & leasing svcs 0 2,520 1,197 3,717 436 Lessor of nonfinance intangible assets 0 0 0 0 437 Professional- scientific & tech svcs 0 16,990 14,474 31,464 451 Management of companies 0 47,843 1,561 49,404 452 Admin support svcs 0 3,639 2,966 6,606 460 Waste mgmt & remediation svcs 0 3,094 1,966 5,060 461 Educational svcs 0 35 1,462 1,497 464 Ambulatory health care 0 0 22,760 22,760 467 Hospitals 0 0 34 34 468 Nursing & residential care 0 0 5,034 5,034 469 Social assistance 0 0 3,238 3,238 471 Performing arts & spectator sports 0 718 767 1,485 475 Museums & similar 0 0 0 0 476 Amusement- gambling & recreation 0 576 7,692 8,269 479 Accommodations 0 8,670 12,878 21,548 481 Food svcs & drinking places 0 761 7,099 7,861 482 Repair & maintenance 0 8,054 1,401 9,455 487 Personal & laundry svcs 0 159 3,868 4,027 491 Religious- grant-making- & similar orgs 0 0 0 0 494 Private households 0 0 0 0 495 Government services & non NAICs 0 45,899 391,885 437,784 Total 0 510,112 874,634 1,384,746

Table E-5. Government Tax and Fee Revenue Impacts (2005 $ s)

Federal Government Corporate Profits Tax $69,855 Indirect Bus Tax: Custom Duty $34,222 Indirect Bus Tax: Excise Taxes $115,907 Indirect Bus Tax: (Fines &Fees) $36,286 Personal Tax: Income Tax $1,075,186 Social Ins Tax- Employee Contribution $432,772 Social Ins Tax- Employer Contribution $385,147 Subtotal $2,149,376 State/Local Government Corporate Profits Tax $11,705 Dividends $25,042 Indirect Bus Tax: Motor Vehicle License $8,792 Indirect Bus Tax: Other Taxes $45,156 Indirect Bus Tax: Property Tax $219,237 Indirect Bus Tax: (Fines &Fees) $34,300 Indirect Bus Tax: Sales Tax $307,814 Indirect Bus Tax: Severance Tax $65 Personal Tax: Income Tax $187,379 Personal Tax: Motor Vehicle License $9,372 Personal Tax: (Fines &Fees) $22,936 Personal Tax: Other Tax (Fish/Hunt) $1,177 Personal Tax: Property Taxes $2,398 Social Ins Tax- Employee Contribution $3,959 Social Ins Tax- Employer Contribution $10,759 Subtotal $890,091 Total $3,039,467

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

APPENDIX F IMPLAN Output Tables for Boat Building and Support Services

Table F-1. Employment Impacts (All jobs, full-time and part-time) (Impacts for Dare County Only) IMPLAN Model Sector Direct Indirect Induced Total Impact Impact Impact Impact 1 Crop Farming 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12 Livestock 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14 Forestry & Logging 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.5 16 Fishing- Hunting & Trapping 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18 Ag & Forestry Svcs 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.6 19 Oil & gas extraction 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 Mining 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 27 Mining services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 Utilities 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 33 Construction 0.0 2.4 69.2 71.6 46 Food products 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.3 85 Beverage & Tobacco 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 92 Textile Mills 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 99 Textile Products 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 104 Apparel Mfg 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 109 Leather & Allied 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 112 Wood Products 0.0 0.7 0.1 0.9 124 Paper Manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 136 Printing & Related 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.3 142 Petroleum & coal prod 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 147 Chemical Manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 172 Plastics & rubber prod 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 183 Nonmetal mineral prod 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 203 Primary metal mfg 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 224 Fabricated metal prod 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.5 257 Machinery Mfg 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 302 Computer & other electronics 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 325 Electrical eqpmt & appliances 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 344 Transportation eqpmt 508.0 0.1 0.1 508.2 362 Furniture & related prod 0.0 0.1 1.1 1.2 374 Miscellaneous mfg 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 390 Wholesale Trade 0.0 13.8 8.4 22.2 391 Air transportation 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 392 Rail Transportation 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 393 Water transportation 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 394 Truck transportation 0.0 1.2 0.5 1.7 395 Transit & ground passengers 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 396 Pipeline transportation 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 397 Sightseeing transportation 0.0 1.1 0.7 1.8 398 Postal service 0.0 0.3 0.8 1.1 399 Couriers & messengers 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 400 Warehousing & storage 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.5 401 Motor vehicle & parts dealers 0.0 0.1 7.3 7.5 402 Furniture & home furnishings 0.0 0.0 2.2 2.2 403 Electronics & appliances stores 0.0 0.0 1.4 1.5

404 Bldg materials & garden dealers 0.0 0.1 4.8 4.9 405 food & beverage stores 0.0 0.2 12.0 12.2 406 Health & personal care stores 0.0 0.1 3.7 3.7 407 Gasoline/Fuel facilities 0.0 0.0 2.9 2.9 408 Clothing & accessories stores 0.0 0.1 5.7 5.8 409 Sports- hobby- book & music stores 0.0 0.0 3.2 3.3 410 Department stores 0.0 0.2 9.0 9.2 411 Misc retailers 0.0 0.2 7.1 7.3 412 Non-store retailers 0.0 0.1 5.4 5.5 413 Publishing industries 0.0 2.1 0.9 3.0 418 Motion picture & sound recording 0.0 0.3 0.7 1.0 420 Broadcasting 0.0 1.7 2.6 4.3 423 Internet & data process svcs 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 425 Credit mediation & related 0.0 1.3 1.2 2.5 426 Securities & other financial 0.0 0.4 0.6 1.0 427 Insurance carriers & related 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.3 429 Funds- trusts & other finan 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.6 430 Monetary authorities 0.0 1.7 3.1 4.8 431 Real estate 0.0 7.5 31.2 38.7 432 Rental & leasing svcs 0.0 1.1 1.7 2.7 436 Lessor of nonfinance intangible assets 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 437 Professional- scientific & tech svcs 0.0 15.2 15.1 30.3 451 Management of companies 0.0 2.3 0.4 2.7 452 Admin support svcs 0.0 5.2 8.6 13.8 460 Waste mgmt & remediation svcs 0.0 0.4 0.4 0.8 461 Educational svcs 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.8 464 Ambulatory health care 0.0 0.0 11.1 11.1 467 Hospitals 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.3 468 Nursing & residential care 0.0 0.0 5.9 5.9 469 Social assistance 0.0 0.0 4.3 4.3 471 Performing arts & spectator sports 0.0 1.9 3.8 5.7 475 Museums & similar 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.3 476 Amusement- gambling & recreation 0.0 1.0 5.2 6.2 479 Accommodations 0.0 1.9 4.1 6.0 481 Food svcs & drinking places 0.0 4.8 26.9 31.8 482 Repair & maintenance 0.0 1.8 8.4 10.2 487 Personal & laundry svcs 0.0 0.1 6.3 6.3 491 Religious- grant-making- & similar orgs 0.0 0.7 4.6 5.3 494 Private households 0.0 0.0 5.0 5.0 495 Government services & non NAICs 0.0 4.8 66.4 71.2 Total 508.0 79.5 368.2 955.7

Table F-2. Output/Business Activity Impacts (2005 $ s) (Impacts for Dare County Only)

Industry Direct Indirect Induced Total 1 Crop Farming $0 $0 $0 $0 12 Livestock $0 $0 $0 $0 14 Forestry & Logging $0 $67,108 $14,084 $81,192 16 Fishing- Hunting & Trapping $0 $0 $0 $0 18 Ag & Forestry Svcs $0 $2,385 $7,248 $9,633 19 Oil & gas extraction $0 $0 $0 $0 20 Mining $0 $1 $34 $35 27 Mining services $0 $0 $0 $0 30 Utilities $0 $11,270 $18,254 $29,524 33 Construction $0 $206,540 $8,024,845 $8,231,386 46 Food products $0 $1,975 $33,590 $35,566 85 Beverage & Tobacco $0 $90 $2,232 $2,322 92 Textile Mills $0 $3,215 $683 $3,898 99 Textile Products $0 $4,252 $4,032 $8,284 104 Apparel Mfg $0 $153 $30,930 $31,084 109 Leather & Allied $0 $0 $0 $0 112 Wood Products $0 $145,897 $29,967 $175,864 124 Paper Manufacturing $0 $0 $0 $0 136 Printing & Related $0 $30,393 $14,252 $44,646 142 Petroleum & coal prod $0 $0 $0 $0 147 Chemical Manufacturing $0 $0 $0 $0 172 Plastics & rubber prod $0 $0 $0 $0 183 Nonmetal mineral prod $0 $716 $3,269 $3,985 203 Primary metal mfg $0 $0 $0 $0 224 Fabricated metal prod $0 $60,111 $5,134 $65,246 257 Machinery Mfg $0 $0 $0 $0 302 Computer & other electronics $0 $1,157 $8,906 $10,063 325 Electrical eqpmt & appliances $0 $18,936 $2,311 $21,248 344 Transportation eqpmt $75,000,000 $11,013 $13,407 $75,024,440 362 Furniture & related prod $0 $7,484 $123,471 $130,955 374 Miscellaneous mfg $0 $10 $448 $457 390 Wholesale Trade $0 $1,151,831 $702,471 $1,854,301 391 Air transportation $0 $11,373 $14,115 $25,489 392 Rail Transportation $0 $13,996 $9,951 $23,947 393 Water transportation $0 $0 $0 $0 394 Truck transportation $0 $146,441 $61,840 $208,281 395 Transit & ground passengers $0 $736 $4,521 $5,257 396 Pipeline transportation $0 $0 $0 $0 397 Sightseeing transportation $0 $76,524 $45,613 $122,137 398 Postal service $0 $26,386 $64,257 $90,643 399 Couriers & messengers $0 $5,317 $3,470 $8,787 400 Warehousing & storage $0 $19,340 $2,034 $21,374 401 Motor vehicle & parts dealers $0 $12,497 $640,555 $653,052 402 Furniture & home furnishings $0 $3,364 $181,903 $185,267 403 Electronics & appliances stores $0 $2,164 $75,548 $77,712 404 Bldg materials & garden dealers $0 $6,212 $343,512 $349,725

405 food & beverage stores $0 $10,316 $585,950 $596,265 406 Health & personal care stores $0 $4,879 $202,418 $207,297 407 Gasoline/Fuel facilities $0 $3,352 $203,461 $206,813 408 Clothing & accessories stores $0 $4,723 $288,712 $293,435 409 Sports- hobby- book & music stores $0 $1,693 $127,676 $129,368 410 Department stores $0 $10,694 $493,369 $504,063 411 Misc retailers $0 $5,949 $221,032 $226,981 412 Non-store retailers $0 $2,414 $136,019 $138,433 413 Publishing industries $0 $201,072 $91,642 $292,714 418 Motion picture & sound recording $0 $31,241 $73,972 $105,213 420 Broadcasting $0 $295,304 $499,039 $794,343 423 Internet & data process svcs $0 $6,684 $9,417 $16,101 425 Credit mediation & related $0 $392,833 $356,109 $748,941 426 Securities & other financial $0 $34,559 $52,218 $86,777 427 Insurance carriers & related $0 $9,463 $46,172 $55,635 429 Funds- trusts & other finan $0 $43 $146,343 $146,386 430 Monetary authorities $0 $343,211 $630,515 $973,726 431 Real estate $0 $463,849 $1,916,740 $2,380,589 432 Rental & leasing svcs $0 $128,199 $138,046 $266,246 436 Lessor of nonfinance intangible assets $0 $0 $0 $0 437 Professional- scientific & tech svcs $0 $1,027,406 $918,641 $1,946,048 451 Management of companies $0 $245,074 $44,122 $289,196 452 Admin support svcs $0 $174,532 $277,682 $452,213 460 Waste mgmt & remediation svcs $0 $68,196 $53,977 $122,173 461 Educational svcs $0 $224 $42,033 $42,257 464 Ambulatory health care $0 $20 $944,012 $944,032 467 Hospitals $0 $0 $36,693 $36,693 468 Nursing & residential care $0 $0 $361,542 $361,542 469 Social assistance $0 $2 $164,313 $164,315 471 Performing arts & spectator sports $0 $53,829 $81,818 $135,647 475 Museums & similar $0 $0 $15,785 $15,785 476 Amusement- gambling & recreation $0 $33,108 $285,938 $319,046 479 Accommodations $0 $98,321 $220,624 $318,945 481 Food svcs & drinking places $0 $212,462 $1,188,979 $1,401,441 482 Repair & maintenance $0 $172,442 $596,709 $769,151 487 Personal & laundry svcs $0 $3,473 $294,063 $297,536 491 Religious- grant-making- & similar orgs $0 $41,816 $220,325 $262,140 494 Private households $0 $0 $42,193 $42,193 495 Government services & non NAICs $0 $1,073,524 $5,824,227 $6,897,751 Total $75,000,000 $7,203,796 $28,319,415 $110,523,231

Table F-3. Wages/Salaries/Sole Proprietorship/Partnership Income Impacts: (2005 $ s) (Impacts for Dare County Only)

Industry Direct Indirect Induced Total 1 Crop Farming $0 $0 $0 $0 12 Livestock $0 $0 $0 $0 14 Forestry & Logging $0 $8,545 $1,793 $10,338 16 Fishing- Hunting & Trapping $0 $0 $0 $0 18 Ag & Forestry Svcs $0 $1,491 $4,532 $6,023 19 Oil & gas extraction $0 $0 $0 $0 20 Mining $0 $0 $9 $9 27 Mining services $0 $0 $0 $0 30 Utilities $0 $2,457 $4,015 $6,471 33 Construction $0 $100,698 $2,890,942 $2,991,640 46 Food products $0 $242 $5,119 $5,361 85 Beverage & Tobacco $0 $17 $439 $455 92 Textile Mills $0 $1,073 $167 $1,240 99 Textile Products $0 $1,046 $991 $2,037 104 Apparel Mfg $0 $44 $8,864 $8,908 109 Leather & Allied $0 $0 $0 $0 112 Wood Products $0 $32,192 $6,612 $38,804 124 Paper Manufacturing $0 $0 $0 $0 136 Printing & Related $0 $10,654 $4,996 $15,650 142 Petroleum & coal prod $0 $0 $0 $0 147 Chemical Manufacturing $0 $0 $0 $0 172 Plastics & rubber prod $0 $0 $0 $0 183 Nonmetal mineral prod $0 $320 $757 $1,077 203 Primary metal mfg $0 $0 $0 $0 224 Fabricated metal prod $0 $21,102 $1,656 $22,758 257 Machinery Mfg $0 $0 $0 $0 302 Computer & other electronics $0 $491 $3,782 $4,274 325 Electrical eqpmt & appliances $0 $3,269 $399 $3,668 344 Transportation eqpmt $18,106,164 $2,715 $3,268 $18,112,146 362 Furniture & related prod $0 $3,115 $51,647 $54,762 374 Miscellaneous mfg $0 $2 $103 $105 390 Wholesale Trade $0 $464,649 $283,377 $748,026 391 Air transportation $0 $1,653 $2,052 $3,705 392 Rail Transportation $0 $5,155 $3,665 $8,820 393 Water transportation $0 $0 $0 $0 394 Truck transportation $0 $53,521 $22,601 $76,122 395 Transit & ground passengers $0 $196 $1,206 $1,402 396 Pipeline transportation $0 $0 $0 $0 397 Sightseeing transportation $0 $23,081 $13,757 $36,838 398 Postal service $0 $21,962 $53,481 $75,443 399 Couriers & messengers $0 $1,765 $1,152 $2,917 400 Warehousing & storage $0 $8,529 $897 $9,426 401 Motor vehicle & parts dealers $0 $5,930 $303,980 $309,910 402 Furniture & home furnishings $0 $1,439 $77,822 $79,261 403 Electronics & appliances stores $0 $1,140 $39,788 $40,928

404 Bldg materials & garden dealers $0 $2,701 $149,352 $152,053 405 food & beverage stores $0 $4,802 $272,738 $277,539 406 Health & personal care stores $0 $2,232 $92,597 $94,829 407 Gasoline/Fuel facilities $0 $1,447 $87,812 $89,259 408 Clothing & accessories stores $0 $1,932 $118,096 $120,028 409 Sports- hobby- book & music stores $0 $817 $61,589 $62,405 410 Department stores $0 $5,038 $232,441 $237,479 411 Misc retailers $0 $3,048 $113,243 $116,291 412 Non-store retailers $0 $800 $45,074 $45,874 413 Publishing industries $0 $64,433 $28,269 $92,702 418 Motion picture & sound recording $0 $5,765 $13,649 $19,414 420 Broadcasting $0 $67,133 $132,135 $199,268 423 Internet & data process svcs $0 $2,119 $2,985 $5,104 425 Credit mediation & related $0 $145,636 $132,021 $277,656 426 Securities & other financial $0 $9,524 $14,391 $23,915 427 Insurance carriers & related $0 $2,805 $13,501 $16,307 429 Funds- trusts & other finan $0 $3 $8,529 $8,532 430 Monetary authorities $0 $84,653 $155,517 $240,171 431 Real estate $0 $71,016 $293,456 $364,472 432 Rental & leasing svcs $0 $26,531 $32,776 $59,307 436 Lessor of nonfinance intangible assets $0 $0 $0 $0 437 Professional- scientific & tech svcs $0 $655,448 $571,513 $1,226,961 451 Management of companies $0 $108,553 $19,544 $128,097 452 Admin support svcs $0 $90,001 $145,480 $235,481 460 Waste mgmt & remediation svcs $0 $21,530 $17,040 $38,570 461 Educational svcs $0 $70 $16,191 $16,261 464 Ambulatory health care $0 $6 $623,022 $623,028 467 Hospitals $0 $0 $19,859 $19,859 468 Nursing & residential care $0 $0 $224,193 $224,193 469 Social assistance $0 $1 $76,715 $76,716 471 Performing arts & spectator sports $0 $18,086 $31,072 $49,158 475 Museums & similar $0 $0 $4,340 $4,340 476 Amusement- gambling & recreation $0 $16,499 $95,053 $111,551 479 Accommodations $0 $38,529 $85,387 $123,916 481 Food svcs & drinking places $0 $85,163 $476,589 $561,752 482 Repair & maintenance $0 $55,898 $218,043 $273,941 487 Personal & laundry svcs $0 $1,047 $100,836 $101,883 491 Religious- grant-making- & similar orgs $0 $17,192 $132,667 $149,859 494 Private households $0 $0 $42,193 $42,193 495 Government services & non NAICs $0 $178,404 $2,925,032 $3,103,436 Total $18,106,164 $2,567,350 $11,618,812 $32,292,326

Table F-4. Rental Income and Corporation Income Impacts (2005 $ s) (Impacts for Dare County Only)

Industry Direct Indirect Induced Total 1 Crop Farming $0 $0 $0 $0 12 Livestock $0 $0 $0 $0 14 Forestry & Logging $0 $7,014 $1,472 $8,485 16 Fishing- Hunting & Trapping $0 $0 $0 $0 18 Ag & Forestry Svcs $0 $0 $0 $0 19 Oil & gas extraction $0 $0 $0 $0 20 Mining $0 $0 $7 $7 27 Mining services $0 $0 $0 $0 30 Utilities $0 $4,257 $6,885 $11,142 33 Construction $0 $2,405 $308,025 $310,431 46 Food products $0 $84 $2,560 $2,644 85 Beverage & Tobacco $0 $8 $223 $231 92 Textile Mills $0 $150 $9 $158 99 Textile Products $0 $129 $122 $251 104 Apparel Mfg $0 $31 $6,282 $6,313 109 Leather & Allied $0 $0 $0 $0 112 Wood Products $0 $14,552 $2,989 $17,541 124 Paper Manufacturing $0 $0 $0 $0 136 Printing & Related $0 $2,808 $1,317 $4,124 142 Petroleum & coal prod $0 $0 $0 $0 147 Chemical Manufacturing $0 $0 $0 $0 172 Plastics & rubber prod $0 $0 $0 $0 183 Nonmetal mineral prod $0 $58 $265 $324 203 Primary metal mfg $0 $0 $0 $0 224 Fabricated metal prod $0 $4,893 $468 $5,360 257 Machinery Mfg $0 $0 $0 $0 302 Computer & other electronics $0 $30 $229 $259 325 Electrical eqpmt & appliances $0 $549 $67 $616 344 Transportation eqpmt $12,285,552 $1,752 $2,167 $12,289,473 362 Furniture & related prod $0 $680 $10,213 $10,893 374 Miscellaneous mfg $0 $0 $6 $6 390 Wholesale Trade $0 $179,284 $109,340 $288,624 391 Air transportation $0 $164 $203 $367 392 Rail Transportation $0 $3,202 $2,276 $5,478 393 Water transportation $0 $0 $0 $0 394 Truck transportation $0 $14,407 $6,084 $20,491 395 Transit & ground passengers $0 $78 $479 $557 396 Pipeline transportation $0 $0 $0 $0 397 Sightseeing transportation $0 $0 $0 $0 398 Postal service $0 $0 $0 $0 399 Couriers & messengers $0 $730 $476 $1,206 400 Warehousing & storage $0 $1,729 $182 $1,911 401 Motor vehicle & parts dealers $0 $1,727 $88,505 $90,232 402 Furniture & home furnishings $0 $539 $29,163 $29,702 403 Electronics & appliances stores $0 $280 $9,775 $10,055

404 Bldg materials & garden dealers $0 $1,188 $65,715 $66,904 405 food & beverage stores $0 $1,516 $86,115 $87,631 406 Health & personal care stores $0 $718 $29,795 $30,513 407 Gasoline/Fuel facilities $0 $408 $24,752 $25,160 408 Clothing & accessories stores $0 $918 $56,122 $57,040 409 Sports- hobby- book & music stores $0 $246 $18,543 $18,789 410 Department stores $0 $1,884 $86,915 $88,799 411 Misc retailers $0 $443 $16,468 $16,911 412 Non-store retailers $0 $368 $20,750 $21,118 413 Publishing industries $0 $17,571 $8,513 $26,084 418 Motion picture & sound recording $0 $842 $1,993 $2,834 420 Broadcasting $0 $52,992 $134,481 $187,473 423 Internet & data process svcs $0 $259 $365 $625 425 Credit mediation & related $0 $112,154 $101,670 $213,824 426 Securities & other financial $0 $0 $0 $0 427 Insurance carriers & related $0 $1,487 $7,007 $8,494 429 Funds- trusts & other finan $0 $0 $0 $0 430 Monetary authorities $0 $131,433 $241,456 $372,888 431 Real estate $0 $204,454 $844,853 $1,049,307 432 Rental & leasing svcs $0 $7,208 $6,736 $13,944 436 Lessor of nonfinance intangible assets $0 $0 $0 $0 437 Professional- scientific & tech svcs $0 $91,446 $82,866 $174,313 451 Management of companies $0 $47,222 $8,502 $55,724 452 Admin support svcs $0 $12,821 $15,583 $28,403 460 Waste mgmt & remediation svcs $0 $12,692 $10,045 $22,737 461 Educational svcs $0 $46 $7,041 $7,087 464 Ambulatory health care $0 $1 $110,654 $110,655 467 Hospitals $0 $0 $166 $166 468 Nursing & residential care $0 $0 $24,540 $24,540 469 Social assistance $0 $0 $15,690 $15,690 471 Performing arts & spectator sports $0 $2,693 $3,809 $6,502 475 Museums & similar $0 $0 $0 $0 476 Amusement- gambling & recreation $0 $1,989 $37,602 $39,591 479 Accommodations $0 $29,372 $62,785 $92,157 481 Food svcs & drinking places $0 $6,161 $34,480 $40,641 482 Repair & maintenance $0 $5,792 $7,245 $13,038 487 Personal & laundry svcs $0 $292 $18,816 $19,108 491 Religious- grant-making- & similar orgs $0 $0 $0 $0 494 Private households $0 $0 $0 $0 495 Government services & non NAICs $0 $551,752 $1,916,247 $2,467,999 Total $12,285,552 $1,539,906 $4,698,111 $18,523,570

Table F-5. Government Tax and Fee Revenue Impacts (2005 $ s) (Impacts for Dare County Only) Federal Government Corporate Profits Tax $920,321 Indirect Bus Tax: Custom Duty $93,648 Indirect Bus Tax: Excise Taxes $317,181 Indirect Bus Tax: (Fines &Fees) $99,295 Personal Tax: Income Tax $1,204,173 Social Ins Tax- Employee Contribution $1,983,284 Social Ins Tax- Employer Contribution $1,907,335 Subtotal $6,525,237 State/Local Government Corporate Profits Tax $154,213 Dividends $329,921 Indirect Bus Tax: Motor Vehicle License $24,060 Indirect Bus Tax: Other Taxes $123,570 Indirect Bus Tax: Property Tax $599,942 Indirect Bus Tax: (Fines &Fees) $93,862 Indirect Bus Tax: Sales Tax $842,334 Indirect Bus Tax: Severance Tax $178 Personal Tax: Income Tax $834,334 Personal Tax: Motor Vehicle License $41,734 Personal Tax: (Fines &Fees) $102,125 Personal Tax: Other Tax (Fish/Hunt) $5,242 Personal Tax: Property Taxes $10,673 Social Ins Tax- Employee Contribution $19,604 Social Ins Tax- Employer Contribution $53,283 Subtotal $3,235,075 Total $9,760,312

Table F-6. Employment Impacts (All jobs, full-time and part-time) (Impacts for NC and VA Counties) IMPLAN Model Sector Direct Indirect Induced Total Impact Impact Impact Impact 1 Crop Farming 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.3 12 Livestock 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.5 14 Forestry & Logging 0.0 1.5 0.1 1.6 16 Fishing- Hunting & Trapping 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18 Ag & Forestry Svcs 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.5 19 Oil & gas extraction 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 Mining 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 27 Mining services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 Utilities 0.0 0.5 0.9 1.5 33 Construction 0.0 3.1 33.8 36.9 46 Food products 0.0 0.1 2.7 2.8 85 Beverage & Tobacco 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 92 Textile Mills 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 99 Textile Products 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 104 Apparel Mfg 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.6 109 Leather & Allied 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 112 Wood Products 0.0 4.8 0.6 5.4 124 Paper Manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 136 Printing & Related 0.0 0.6 0.5 1.1 142 Petroleum & coal prod 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 147 Chemical Manufacturing 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 172 Plastics & rubber prod 0.0 2.0 0.3 2.3 183 Nonmetal mineral prod 0.0 2.7 0.1 2.8 203 Primary metal mfg 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.3 224 Fabricated metal prod 0.0 1.2 0.2 1.4 257 Machinery Mfg 0.0 3.0 0.6 3.6 302 Computer & other electronics 0.0 1.3 0.6 1.9 325 Electrical eqpmt & appliances 0.0 0.9 0.1 1.0 344 Transportation eqpmt 521.2 1.0 1.9 524.1 362 Furniture & related prod 0.0 0.1 0.7 0.9 374 Miscellaneous mfg 0.0 0.3 0.6 0.9 390 Wholesale Trade 0.0 19.8 14.8 34.6 391 Air transportation 0.0 0.5 0.8 1.3 392 Rail Transportation 0.0 0.4 0.3 0.7 393 Water transportation 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.8 394 Truck transportation 0.0 6.9 3.2 10.0 395 Transit & ground passengers 0.0 0.2 1.3 1.5 396 Pipeline transportation 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 397 Sightseeing transportation 0.0 1.8 2.8 4.6 398 Postal service 0.0 0.6 1.5 2.1 399 Couriers & messengers 0.0 1.5 1.2 2.6 400 Warehousing & storage 0.0 5.7 2.1 7.8 401 Motor vehicle & parts dealers 0.0 0.2 9.7 9.9 402 Furniture & home furnishings 0.0 0.1 2.8 2.9

403 Electronics & appliances stores 0.0 0.0 2.3 2.4 404 Bldg materials & garden dealers 0.0 0.1 5.5 5.6 405 food & beverage stores 0.0 0.3 12.0 12.3 406 Health & personal care stores 0.0 0.1 4.5 4.7 407 Gasoline/Fuel facilities 0.0 0.1 4.7 4.8 408 Clothing & accessories stores 0.0 0.1 6.5 6.6 409 Sports- hobby- book & music stores 0.0 0.1 3.6 3.7 410 Department stores 0.0 0.4 12.9 13.3 411 Misc retailers 0.0 0.3 7.3 7.6 412 Non-store retailers 0.0 0.2 9.6 9.8 413 Publishing industries 0.0 1.6 1.2 2.9 418 Motion picture & sound recording 0.0 0.4 0.7 1.1 420 Broadcasting 0.0 3.0 4.5 7.5 423 Internet & data process svcs 0.0 0.5 0.3 0.8 425 Credit mediation & related 0.0 1.9 2.0 4.0 426 Securities & other financial 0.0 2.4 4.5 6.9 427 Insurance carriers & related 0.0 0.9 4.7 5.6 429 Funds- trusts & other finan 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.6 430 Monetary authorities 0.0 2.0 4.5 6.6 431 Real estate 0.0 5.0 15.7 20.7 432 Rental & leasing svcs 0.0 2.1 3.4 5.5 436 Lessor of nonfinance intangible assets 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.5 437 Professional- scientific & tech svcs 0.0 17.0 32.9 49.8 451 Management of companies 0.0 9.5 2.8 12.3 452 Admin support svcs 0.0 11.4 24.5 36.0 460 Waste mgmt & remediation svcs 0.0 0.8 0.9 1.7 461 Educational svcs 0.0 0.1 8.5 8.6 464 Ambulatory health care 0.0 0.0 24.8 24.8 467 Hospitals 0.0 0.0 14.1 14.1 468 Nursing & residential care 0.0 0.0 11.1 11.1 469 Social assistance 0.0 0.0 11.2 11.2 471 Performing arts & spectator sports 0.0 1.7 4.4 6.1 475 Museums & similar 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.4 476 Amusement- gambling & recreation 0.0 1.2 6.3 7.5 479 Accommodations 0.0 2.1 5.0 7.1 481 Food svcs & drinking places 0.0 5.6 38.6 44.2 482 Repair & maintenance 0.0 2.8 12.4 15.2 487 Personal & laundry svcs 0.0 0.1 8.5 8.6 491 Religious- grant-making- & similar orgs 0.0 0.8 8.8 9.6 494 Private households 0.0 0.0 7.2 7.2 495 Government services & non NAICs 0.0 4.3 151.6 156.0 Total 521.2 141.3 572.3 1,234.8

Table F-7. Output/Business Activity Impacts (2005 $ s) (Impacts for NC and VA Counties)

Industry Direct Indirect Induced Total 1 Crop Farming $0 $1,800 $35,962 $37,762 12 Livestock $0 $1,873 $64,188 $66,061 14 Forestry & Logging $0 $342,966 $28,658 $371,624 16 Fishing- Hunting & Trapping $0 $0 $0 $0 18 Ag & Forestry Svcs $0 $8,702 $3,807 $12,508 19 Oil & gas extraction $0 $0 $0 $0 20 Mining $0 $17 $55 $73 27 Mining services $0 $0 $0 $0 30 Utilities $0 $268,872 $471,472 $740,344 33 Construction $0 $251,414 $3,596,769 $3,848,183 46 Food products $0 $13,136 $542,427 $555,563 85 Beverage & Tobacco $0 $151 $7,752 $7,904 92 Textile Mills $0 $6,028 $5,382 $11,410 99 Textile Products $0 $8,318 $2,564 $10,882 104 Apparel Mfg $0 $761 $66,209 $66,970 109 Leather & Allied $0 $9 $122 $131 112 Wood Products $0 $740,085 $95,043 $835,128 124 Paper Manufacturing $0 $27,810 $6,439 $34,249 136 Printing & Related $0 $73,290 $54,451 $127,741 142 Petroleum & coal prod $0 $7,366 $45,230 $52,596 147 Chemical Manufacturing $0 $69,982 $69,404 $139,386 172 Plastics & rubber prod $0 $591,296 $70,313 $661,610 183 Nonmetal mineral prod $0 $383,480 $13,751 $397,232 203 Primary metal mfg $0 $70,481 $1,372 $71,853 224 Fabricated metal prod $0 $167,342 $24,405 $191,747 257 Machinery Mfg $0 $1,031,855 $140,620 $1,172,474 302 Computer & other electronics $0 $261,605 $172,211 $433,816 325 Electrical eqpmt & appliances $0 $185,270 $34,001 $219,271 344 Transportation eqpmt $75,000,000 $298,103 $877,364 $76,175,480 362 Furniture & related prod $0 $13,704 $93,501 $107,205 374 Miscellaneous mfg $0 $36,161 $53,721 $89,883 390 Wholesale Trade $0 $2,431,634 $1,818,901 $4,250,535 391 Air transportation $0 $84,606 $156,721 $241,327 392 Rail Transportation $0 $91,379 $70,661 $162,040 393 Water transportation $0 $21,090 $416,360 $437,450 394 Truck transportation $0 $738,425 $340,749 $1,079,173 395 Transit & ground passengers $0 $8,337 $61,863 $70,201 396 Pipeline transportation $0 $4,110 $7,076 $11,187 397 Sightseeing transportation $0 $186,257 $290,481 $476,738 398 Postal service $0 $58,905 $165,132 $224,037 399 Couriers & messengers $0 $90,433 $72,747 $163,180 400 Warehousing & storage $0 $363,162 $135,712 $498,874 401 Motor vehicle & parts dealers $0 $22,490 $872,912 $895,402 402 Furniture & home furnishings $0 $4,928 $186,420 $191,348 403 Electronics & appliances stores $0 $2,296 $119,382 $121,678 404 Bldg materials & garden dealers $0 $9,244 $365,219 $374,463

405 food & beverage stores $0 $12,895 $541,847 $554,742 406 Health & personal care stores $0 $9,127 $277,771 $286,898 407 Gasoline/Fuel facilities $0 $5,298 $230,870 $236,168 408 Clothing & accessories stores $0 $6,061 $269,827 $275,888 409 Sports- hobby- book & music stores $0 $2,079 $118,757 $120,836 410 Department stores $0 $16,967 $563,668 $580,634 411 Misc retailers $0 $6,998 $197,070 $204,068 412 Non-store retailers $0 $6,901 $302,142 $309,043 413 Publishing industries $0 $226,991 $193,655 $420,647 418 Motion picture & sound recording $0 $41,450 $90,025 $131,475 420 Broadcasting $0 $635,846 $988,814 $1,624,660 423 Internet & data process svcs $0 $61,974 $42,952 $104,927 425 Credit mediation & related $0 $365,233 $382,479 $747,712 426 Securities & other financial $0 $250,162 $467,719 $717,880 427 Insurance carriers & related $0 $147,304 $817,376 $964,680 429 Funds- trusts & other finan $0 $356 $145,162 $145,518 430 Monetary authorities $0 $411,481 $914,296 $1,325,777 431 Real estate $0 $597,913 $1,899,459 $2,497,371 432 Rental & leasing svcs $0 $335,599 $394,643 $730,242 436 Lessor of nonfinance intangible assets $0 $770,628 $64,442 $835,071 437 Professional- scientific & tech svcs $0 $1,237,698 $2,503,770 $3,741,468 451 Management of companies $0 $1,277,008 $379,917 $1,656,925 452 Admin support svcs $0 $422,973 $957,114 $1,380,086 460 Waste mgmt & remediation svcs $0 $104,262 $116,075 $220,337 461 Educational svcs $0 $6,586 $427,437 $434,022 464 Ambulatory health care $0 $574 $2,203,084 $2,203,658 467 Hospitals $0 $0 $1,402,031 $1,402,031 468 Nursing & residential care $0 $0 $482,993 $482,993 469 Social assistance $0 $16 $389,724 $389,739 471 Performing arts & spectator sports $0 $34,364 $80,437 $114,801 475 Museums & similar $0 $0 $27,751 $27,751 476 Amusement- gambling & recreation $0 $35,418 $311,895 $347,313 479 Accommodations $0 $115,099 $276,895 $391,993 481 Food svcs & drinking places $0 $221,014 $1,525,993 $1,747,007 482 Repair & maintenance $0 $278,822 $893,006 $1,171,828 487 Personal & laundry svcs $0 $6,657 $453,617 $460,274 491 Religious- grant-making- & similar orgs $0 $59,673 $448,526 $508,199 494 Private households $0 $0 $39,192 $39,192 495 Government services & non NAICs $0 $1,159,900 $13,511,093 $14,670,992 Total $75,000,000 $17,850,501 $46,991,050 $139,841,563

Table F-8. Wages/Salaries/Sole Proprietorship/Partnership Income Impacts: (2005 $ s) (Impacts for NC and VA Counties)

Industry Direct Indirect Induced Total 1 Crop Farming $0 $503 $10,647 $11,150 12 Livestock $0 $251 $8,873 $9,124 14 Forestry & Logging $0 $67,581 $5,644 $73,225 16 Fishing- Hunting & Trapping $0 $0 $0 $0 18 Ag & Forestry Svcs $0 $7,130 $3,119 $10,248 19 Oil & gas extraction $0 $0 $0 $0 20 Mining $0 $7 $22 $29 27 Mining services $0 $0 $0 $0 30 Utilities $0 $54,708 $96,558 $151,266 33 Construction $0 $116,669 $1,260,760 $1,377,429 46 Food products $0 $2,303 $90,821 $93,123 85 Beverage & Tobacco $0 $28 $1,406 $1,433 92 Textile Mills $0 $2,072 $1,343 $3,415 99 Textile Products $0 $3,052 $683 $3,735 104 Apparel Mfg $0 $193 $16,768 $16,961 109 Leather & Allied $0 $4 $52 $55 112 Wood Products $0 $147,774 $21,347 $169,120 124 Paper Manufacturing $0 $1,697 $693 $2,390 136 Printing & Related $0 $23,103 $17,214 $40,318 142 Petroleum & coal prod $0 $1,323 $8,325 $9,648 147 Chemical Manufacturing $0 $7,596 $9,411 $17,008 172 Plastics & rubber prod $0 $116,262 $13,970 $130,232 183 Nonmetal mineral prod $0 $93,553 $3,222 $96,775 203 Primary metal mfg $0 $15,051 $300 $15,350 224 Fabricated metal prod $0 $53,313 $7,614 $60,927 257 Machinery Mfg $0 $121,339 $36,576 $157,915 302 Computer & other electronics $0 $71,113 $33,558 $104,671 325 Electrical eqpmt & appliances $0 $49,021 $5,093 $54,114 344 Transportation eqpmt $17,515,428 $71,181 $176,863 $17,763,472 362 Furniture & related prod $0 $4,236 $28,798 $33,034 374 Miscellaneous mfg $0 $11,884 $23,499 $35,383 390 Wholesale Trade $0 $991,261 $741,480 $1,732,741 391 Air transportation $0 $19,278 $35,710 $54,988 392 Rail Transportation $0 $33,843 $26,170 $60,013 393 Water transportation $0 $3,818 $75,373 $79,191 394 Truck transportation $0 $243,676 $112,445 $356,121 395 Transit & ground passengers $0 $2,701 $20,040 $22,741 396 Pipeline transportation $0 $518 $892 $1,410 397 Sightseeing transportation $0 $85,159 $132,811 $217,970 398 Postal service $0 $52,032 $145,863 $197,895 399 Couriers & messengers $0 $36,651 $29,484 $66,135 400 Warehousing & storage $0 $192,428 $71,910 $264,338 401 Motor vehicle & parts dealers $0 $10,664 $413,902 $424,566 402 Furniture & home furnishings $0 $2,066 $78,149 $80,215 403 Electronics & appliances stores $0 $1,212 $62,998 $64,210

404 Bldg materials & garden dealers $0 $4,016 $158,658 $162,673 405 food & beverage stores $0 $6,002 $252,189 $258,191 406 Health & personal care stores $0 $4,157 $126,509 $130,666 407 Gasoline/Fuel facilities $0 $2,291 $99,809 $102,099 408 Clothing & accessories stores $0 $2,470 $109,941 $112,411 409 Sports- hobby- book & music stores $0 $1,000 $57,111 $58,111 410 Department stores $0 $8,005 $265,928 $273,933 411 Misc retailers $0 $3,587 $101,007 $104,594 412 Non-store retailers $0 $2,297 $100,559 $102,856 413 Publishing industries $0 $69,779 $54,012 $123,791 418 Motion picture & sound recording $0 $9,809 $20,532 $30,341 420 Broadcasting $0 $163,599 $245,133 $408,733 423 Internet & data process svcs $0 $22,535 $15,304 $37,838 425 Credit mediation & related $0 $134,339 $140,683 $275,022 426 Securities & other financial $0 $89,319 $166,997 $256,316 427 Insurance carriers & related $0 $43,175 $239,469 $282,643 429 Funds- trusts & other finan $0 $11 $4,677 $4,688 430 Monetary authorities $0 $101,328 $225,147 $326,475 431 Real estate $0 $91,136 $289,522 $380,658 432 Rental & leasing svcs $0 $81,637 $103,926 $185,563 436 Lessor of nonfinance intangible assets $0 $40,421 $3,380 $43,801 437 Professional- scientific & tech svcs $0 $776,522 $1,664,574 $2,441,096 451 Management of companies $0 $587,451 $174,770 $762,222 452 Admin support svcs $0 $225,912 $492,079 $717,991 460 Waste mgmt & remediation svcs $0 $30,475 $33,928 $64,403 461 Educational svcs $0 $3,397 $214,764 $218,161 464 Ambulatory health care $0 $192 $1,327,904 $1,328,096 467 Hospitals $0 $0 $593,088 $593,088 468 Nursing & residential care $0 $0 $265,174 $265,174 469 Social assistance $0 $8 $180,211 $180,219 471 Performing arts & spectator sports $0 $12,543 $29,961 $42,504 475 Museums & similar $0 $0 $13,252 $13,252 476 Amusement- gambling & recreation $0 $17,296 $103,783 $121,079 479 Accommodations $0 $45,086 $107,899 $152,985 481 Food svcs & drinking places $0 $77,912 $537,947 $615,859 482 Repair & maintenance $0 $93,593 $337,524 $431,117 487 Personal & laundry svcs $0 $2,202 $164,798 $167,000 491 Religious- grant-making- & similar orgs $0 $28,384 $265,523 $293,908 494 Private households $0 $0 $39,192 $39,192 495 Government services & non NAICs $0 $199,884 $9,296,588 $9,496,472 Total $17,515,428 $5,700,022 $22,453,857 $45,669,308

Table F-9. Rental Income and Corporation Income Impacts (2005 $ s) (Impacts for NC and VA Counties)

Industry Direct Indirect Induced Total 1 Crop Farming $0 $642 $14,438 $15,081 12 Livestock $0 $244 $9,623 $9,867 14 Forestry & Logging $0 $55,417 $4,631 $60,048 16 Fishing- Hunting & Trapping $0 $0 $0 $0 18 Ag & Forestry Svcs $0 $0 $0 $0 19 Oil & gas extraction $0 $0 $0 $0 20 Mining $0 $5 $14 $19 27 Mining services $0 $0 $0 $0 30 Utilities $0 $92,157 $164,075 $256,233 33 Construction $0 $2,632 $113,546 $116,178 46 Food products $0 $709 $30,215 $30,924 85 Beverage & Tobacco $0 $18 $979 $997 92 Textile Mills $0 $274 $78 $352 99 Textile Products $0 $148 $171 $319 104 Apparel Mfg $0 $114 $11,406 $11,520 109 Leather & Allied $0 $3 $46 $49 112 Wood Products $0 $43,294 $7,480 $50,774 124 Paper Manufacturing $0 $1,093 $258 $1,351 136 Printing & Related $0 $6,277 $4,954 $11,231 142 Petroleum & coal prod $0 $196 $448 $644 147 Chemical Manufacturing $0 $5,364 $6,461 $11,825 172 Plastics & rubber prod $0 $84,751 $10,069 $94,821 183 Nonmetal mineral prod $0 $64,042 $2,422 $66,464 203 Primary metal mfg $0 $2,185 $65 $2,250 224 Fabricated metal prod $0 $17,236 $2,724 $19,960 257 Machinery Mfg $0 $69,066 $8,616 $77,682 302 Computer & other electronics $0 $3,693 $1,035 $4,727 325 Electrical eqpmt & appliances $0 $25,621 $5,606 $31,227 344 Transportation eqpmt $12,107,226 $17,849 $91,452 $12,216,527 362 Furniture & related prod $0 $1,513 $9,661 $11,174 374 Miscellaneous mfg $0 $697 $3,341 $4,038 390 Wholesale Trade $0 $373,467 $279,359 $652,826 391 Air transportation $0 $1,929 $3,573 $5,503 392 Rail Transportation $0 $20,903 $16,164 $37,067 393 Water transportation $0 $3,107 $61,340 $64,448 394 Truck transportation $0 $65,502 $30,226 $95,729 395 Transit & ground passengers $0 $1,227 $9,108 $10,335 396 Pipeline transportation $0 $0 $0 $0 397 Sightseeing transportation $0 $0 $0 $0 398 Postal service $0 $0 $0 $0 399 Couriers & messengers $0 $15,082 $12,132 $27,214 400 Warehousing & storage $0 $36,705 $13,716 $50,421 401 Motor vehicle & parts dealers $0 $3,112 $120,780 $123,892 402 Furniture & home furnishings $0 $812 $30,727 $31,539 403 Electronics & appliances stores $0 $296 $15,381 $15,677

404 Bldg materials & garden dealers $0 $1,770 $69,941 $71,711 405 food & beverage stores $0 $1,895 $79,644 $81,539 406 Health & personal care stores $0 $1,353 $41,189 $42,542 407 Gasoline/Fuel facilities $0 $643 $28,017 $28,660 408 Clothing & accessories stores $0 $1,183 $52,682 $53,865 409 Sports- hobby- book & music stores $0 $303 $17,334 $17,638 410 Department stores $0 $2,983 $99,092 $102,075 411 Misc retailers $0 $521 $14,668 $15,189 412 Non-store retailers $0 $1,048 $45,888 $46,936 413 Publishing industries $0 $25,093 $21,680 $46,773 418 Motion picture & sound recording $0 $1,654 $6,724 $8,378 420 Broadcasting $0 $96,938 $241,137 $338,075 423 Internet & data process svcs $0 $2,972 $1,982 $4,955 425 Credit mediation & related $0 $105,188 $110,155 $215,343 426 Securities & other financial $0 $0 $0 $0 427 Insurance carriers & related $0 $21,197 $117,486 $138,683 429 Funds- trusts & other finan $0 $0 $0 $0 430 Monetary authorities $0 $157,735 $350,482 $508,218 431 Real estate $0 $263,869 $838,263 $1,102,133 432 Rental & leasing svcs $0 $34,919 $34,611 $69,530 436 Lessor of nonfinance intangible assets $0 $667,296 $55,801 $723,097 437 Professional- scientific & tech svcs $0 $95,847 $116,603 $212,451 451 Management of companies $0 $259,689 $77,259 $336,949 452 Admin support svcs $0 $30,417 $67,727 $98,144 460 Waste mgmt & remediation svcs $0 $17,103 $19,041 $36,144 461 Educational svcs $0 $50 $15,421 $15,472 464 Ambulatory health care $0 $25 $231,593 $231,618 467 Hospitals $0 $0 $4,988 $4,988 468 Nursing & residential care $0 $0 $29,520 $29,520 469 Social assistance $0 $0 $23,222 $23,221 471 Performing arts & spectator sports $0 $2,379 $5,563 $7,942 475 Museums & similar $0 $0 $0 $0 476 Amusement- gambling & recreation $0 $1,931 $38,833 $40,764 479 Accommodations $0 $34,540 $81,714 $116,254 481 Food svcs & drinking places $0 $5,661 $39,085 $44,746 482 Repair & maintenance $0 $11,445 $13,726 $25,170 487 Personal & laundry svcs $0 $490 $26,737 $27,227 491 Religious- grant-making- & similar orgs $0 $0 $0 $0 494 Private households $0 $0 $0 $0 495 Government services & non NAICs $0 $587,515 $2,760,132 $3,347,647 Total $12,107,226 $3,453,039 $6,874,262 $22,434,526

Table F-10. Government Tax and Fee Revenue Impacts (2005 $ s) (Impacts for NC and VA Counties) Federal Government Corporate Profits Tax $1,064,591 Indirect Bus Tax: Custom Duty $86,581 Indirect Bus Tax: Excise Taxes $293,244 Indirect Bus Tax: (Fines &Fees) $91,802 Personal Tax: Income Tax $1,204,173 Social Ins Tax- Employee Contribution $2,373,232 Social Ins Tax- Employer Contribution $2,327,389 Subtotal $7,441,012 State/Local Government Corporate Profits Tax $107,011 Dividends $551,802 Indirect Bus Tax: Motor Vehicle License $34,553 Indirect Bus Tax: Other Taxes $257,255 Indirect Bus Tax: Property Tax $1,245,610 Indirect Bus Tax: (Fines &Fees) $142,843 Indirect Bus Tax: Sales Tax $1,054,141 Indirect Bus Tax: Severance Tax $244 Personal Tax: Income Tax $1,127,740 Personal Tax: Motor Vehicle License $51,543 Personal Tax: (Fines &Fees) $125,306 Personal Tax: Other Tax (Fish/Hunt) $9,375 Personal Tax: Property Taxes $19,411 Social Ins Tax- Employee Contribution $21,360 Social Ins Tax- Employer Contribution $58,055 Subtotal $4,806,248 Total $12,247,259

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

APPENDIX G List of Dare County Fishing Tournaments and Participant Estimates

Table G-1. List of Fishing Tournaments Using Oregon Inlet Tournament Date Length Estimated Boats (days) Participating Pirates Cove Memorial Weekend May 2 15 Tournament Pirates Cove Annual Cobia ‘Inshore May – June 4 20 Attack’ Tournament (two weekends) Inaugural Oregon Inlet Tuna Round Up June 2 50 Pirates Cove Fourth of July Offshore July 2 15 Tournament Annual Dare County Boat Builders July 2 30 Challenge Tournament Pirates Cove Annual Alice Kelly Ladies August 1 90 Only Memorial Billfish Tournament Pirates Cove Annual Billfish Tournament August 4 130 Pirates Cove Annual “Allison” White September 2 30 Marlin Release Tournament Pirates Cove Annual “Allison” White September 2 30 Marlin Release Tournament Manteo Rotary Rockfish Tournament November 1 Unknown – fishing from surf, sound, or ocean allowed Hooters & Fountain Rockfish December Unknown 120 Tournament

STUDY OF THE BENEFITS OF OREGON INLET TO THE ECONOMY OF DARE COUNTY, NC AND THE SURROUNDING REGION FINAL REPORT

APPENDIX H IMPLAN Output Tables for Oregon Inlet Dependent Recreational Fishing and Tourism

Table H-1 Employment Impacts (All jobs, full-time and part-time) (Charter Fishing Impacts)

IMPLAN Model Sector Direct Indirect Induced Total Impact Impact Impact Impact 1 Crop Farming 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 12 Livestock 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 14 Forestry & Logging 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 16 Fishing- Hunting & Trapping 18.0 0.0 0.0 18.0 18 Ag & Forestry Svcs 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 19 Oil & gas extraction 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 Mining 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 27 Mining services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 Utilities 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 33 Construction 0.0 2.3 13.9 16.2 46 Food products 0.1 0.7 1.0 1.8 85 Beverage & Tobacco 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.3 92 Textile Mills 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 99 Textile Products 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 104 Apparel Mfg 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 109 Leather & Allied 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 112 Wood Products 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 124 Paper Manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 136 Printing & Related 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.4 142 Petroleum & coal prod 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 147 Chemical Manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 172 Plastics & rubber prod 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 183 Nonmetal mineral prod 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 203 Primary metal mfg 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 224 Fabricated metal prod 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 257 Machinery Mfg 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.3 302 Computer & other electronics 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 325 Electrical eqpmt & appliances 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 344 Transportation eqpmt 2.5 0.0 0.7 3.2 362 Furniture & related prod 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.3 374 Miscellaneous mfg 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 390 Wholesale Trade 0.4 1.8 5.6 7.7 391 Air transportation 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.4 392 Rail Transportation 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 393 Water transportation 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.3 394 Truck transportation 0.1 0.4 1.2 1.7 395 Transit & ground passengers 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.8 396 Pipeline transportation 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 397 Sightseeing transportation 0.0 0.4 1.0 1.4 398 Postal service 0.0 0.4 0.6 1.0 399 Couriers & messengers 0.0 0.4 0.5 0.9 400 Warehousing & storage 0.0 0.5 0.8 1.3 401 Motor vehicle & parts dealers 0.3 0.2 3.5 4.0 402 Furniture & home furnishings 0.1 0.1 1.0 1.2

403 Electronics & appliances stores 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.9 404 Bldg materials & garden dealers 0.2 0.1 2.0 2.3 405 food & beverage stores 0.4 0.2 4.3 5.0 406 Health & personal care stores 0.2 0.1 1.6 1.9 407 Gasoline/Fuel facilities 26.6 0.1 1.7 28.4 408 Clothing & accessories stores 0.2 0.1 2.3 2.7 409 Sports- hobby- book & music stores 20.3 0.1 1.3 21.6 410 Department stores 0.4 0.3 4.7 5.4 411 Misc retailers 0.2 0.2 2.6 3.1 412 Non-store retailers 0.3 0.2 3.4 4.0 413 Publishing industries 0.0 0.5 0.5 1.0 418 Motion picture & sound recording 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.4 420 Broadcasting 0.1 0.9 1.7 2.7 423 Internet & data process svcs 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 425 Credit mediation & related 0.0 0.5 0.8 1.3 426 Securities & other financial 0.1 0.4 1.7 2.3 427 Insurance carriers & related 0.9 0.3 1.7 2.9 429 Funds- trusts & other finan 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 430 Monetary authorities 1.2 0.4 1.7 3.2 431 Real estate 0.7 2.9 5.8 9.4 432 Rental & leasing svcs 0.1 0.3 1.3 1.7 436 Lessor of nonfinance intangible assets 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 437 Professional- scientific & tech svcs 0.2 3.0 12.3 15.6 451 Management of companies 0.0 1.5 1.0 2.6 452 Admin support svcs 8.6 5.5 9.6 23.7 460 Waste mgmt & remediation svcs 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.5 461 Educational svcs 0.4 0.0 3.1 3.5 464 Ambulatory health care 1.0 0.0 8.9 9.9 467 Hospitals 0.6 0.0 5.0 5.6 468 Nursing & residential care 0.4 0.0 4.0 4.5 469 Social assistance 0.5 0.0 4.1 4.6 471 Performing arts & spectator sports 0.1 0.9 1.6 2.6 475 Museums & similar 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 476 Amusement- gambling & recreation 0.3 0.2 2.3 2.8 479 Accommodations 194.0 0.3 1.9 196.2 481 Food svcs & drinking places 56.7 1.2 14.1 72.0 482 Repair & maintenance 0.4 0.6 4.7 5.7 487 Personal & laundry svcs 0.3 0.9 3.1 4.3 491 Religious- grant-making- & similar orgs 0.4 0.1 3.2 3.7 494 Private households 0.3 0.0 2.6 2.9 495 Government services & non NAICs 2.2 0.8 67.4 70.5 Total 340.5 31.8 224.0 596.3

Table H-2. Output/Business Activity Impacts (2005 $ s) (Charter Fishing Impacts)

Industry Direct Indirect Induced Total 1 Crop Farming $1,161 $2,756 $13,522 $17,440 12 Livestock $581 $16,647 $23,575 $40,803 14 Forestry & Logging $10 $4,755 $10,586 $15,352 16 Fishing- Hunting & Trapping $356,033 $0 $0 $356,033 18 Ag & Forestry Svcs $50 $484 $1,395 $1,929 19 Oil & gas extraction $0 $0 $0 $0 20 Mining $0 $2 $23 $25 27 Mining services $0 $0 $0 $0 30 Utilities $9,911 $105,151 $186,765 $301,826 33 Construction $3,989 $179,405 $1,436,556 $1,619,950 46 Food products $19,816 $128,485 $202,823 $351,125 85 Beverage & Tobacco $76,153 $1,910 $2,810 $80,872 92 Textile Mills $95 $346 $2,027 $2,468 99 Textile Products $91 $245 $950 $1,286 104 Apparel Mfg $2,854 $140 $24,221 $27,214 109 Leather & Allied $5 $2 $44 $52 112 Wood Products $237 $14,740 $35,130 $50,107 124 Paper Manufacturing $44 $1,643 $2,522 $4,209 136 Printing & Related $813 $21,908 $21,358 $44,078 142 Petroleum & coal prod $649 $30,861 $18,994 $50,504 147 Chemical Manufacturing $993 $6,308 $30,083 $37,384 172 Plastics & rubber prod $671 $19,240 $27,091 $47,002 183 Nonmetal mineral prod $175 $2,344 $5,345 $7,865 203 Primary metal mfg $1 $234 $511 $746 224 Fabricated metal prod $48 $6,467 $9,371 $15,887 257 Machinery Mfg $386 $6,643 $51,154 $58,184 302 Computer & other electronics $1,437 $3,296 $63,680 $68,412 325 Electrical eqpmt & appliances $116 $3,143 $12,934 $16,192 344 Transportation eqpmt $370,359 $14,485 $314,807 $699,651 362 Furniture & related prod $1,833 $3,686 $34,019 $39,538 374 Miscellaneous mfg $759 $6,513 $19,943 $27,215 390 Wholesale Trade $44,537 $216,647 $682,425 $943,609 391 Air transportation $4,632 $11,403 $58,017 $74,051 392 Rail Transportation $1,386 $11,864 $27,481 $40,731 393 Water transportation $2,176 $5,830 $149,860 $157,866 394 Truck transportation $7,385 $44,419 $130,044 $181,848 395 Transit & ground passengers $1,530 $10,575 $26,091 $38,196 396 Pipeline transportation $43 $1,316 $2,809 $4,168 397 Sightseeing transportation $2,649 $39,164 $106,984 $148,796 398 Postal service $2,459 $40,793 $67,383 $110,635 399 Couriers & messengers $138 $26,761 $28,244 $55,142 400 Warehousing & storage $218 $31,017 $50,481 $81,716 401 Motor vehicle & parts dealers $30,196 $19,191 $314,339 $363,726 402 Furniture & home furnishings $6,437 $4,205 $67,147 $77,789 403 Electronics & appliances stores $1,860 $1,959 $42,858 $46,678 404 Bldg materials & garden dealers $12,673 $7,888 $131,528 $152,089

405 food & beverage stores $18,954 $11,004 $195,142 $225,100 406 Health & personal care stores $9,318 $7,789 $100,143 $117,249 407 Gasoline/Fuel facilities $1,298,055 $4,521 $83,083 $1,385,659 408 Clothing & accessories stores $9,512 $5,172 $97,149 $111,834 409 Sports- hobby- book & music stores $670,238 $1,774 $42,715 $714,727 410 Department stores $19,073 $14,478 $203,085 $236,636 411 Misc retailers $5,725 $5,972 $71,037 $82,733 412 Non-store retailers $10,522 $5,889 $108,717 $125,127 413 Publishing industries $2,360 $66,798 $74,547 $143,704 418 Motion picture & sound recording $1,768 $22,049 $33,048 $56,865 420 Broadcasting $18,924 $201,731 $376,919 $597,575 423 Internet & data process svcs $445 $12,829 $16,845 $30,118 425 Credit mediation & related $7,062 $85,341 $142,900 $235,302 426 Securities & other financial $10,035 $46,007 $178,903 $234,946 427 Insurance carriers & related $93,132 $42,154 $297,336 $432,622 429 Funds- trusts & other finan $7,442 $177 $52,188 $59,807 430 Monetary authorities $233,721 $80,100 $340,336 $654,157 431 Real estate $82,849 $350,105 $704,567 $1,137,521 432 Rental & leasing svcs $9,810 $47,957 $153,687 $211,454 436 Lessor of nonfinance intangible assets $0 $82,994 $23,883 $106,877 437 Professional- scientific & tech svcs $16,865 $204,046 $938,054 $1,158,965 451 Management of companies $0 $206,253 $140,201 $346,454 452 Admin support svcs $375,583 $247,466 $372,682 $995,731 460 Waste mgmt & remediation svcs $1,651 $21,522 $45,978 $69,151 461 Educational svcs $19,465 $2,626 $155,725 $177,816 464 Ambulatory health care $86,729 $1,205 $792,190 $880,123 467 Hospitals $55,721 $0 $503,065 $558,786 468 Nursing & residential care $19,557 $0 $174,698 $194,255 469 Social assistance $18,621 $48 $142,526 $161,195 471 Performing arts & spectator sports $2,139 $15,886 $29,374 $47,399 475 Museums & similar $1,312 $0 $9,966 $11,279 476 Amusement- gambling & recreation $13,861 $8,789 $112,663 $135,313 479 Accommodations $10,676,598 $17,329 $107,274 $10,801,203 481 Food svcs & drinking places $2,241,959 $47,989 $557,158 $2,847,106 482 Repair & maintenance $29,369 $54,443 $342,035 $425,847 487 Personal & laundry svcs $17,277 $38,888 $166,616 $222,782 491 Religious- grant-making- & similar orgs $17,749 $10,094 $162,821 $190,664 494 Private households $1,839 $0 $14,080 $15,919 495 Government services & non NAICs $437,180 $193,358 $5,419,949 $6,050,488 Direct Expenditures on Imported Items $678,965 $0 $0 $678,965 Total $18,188,973 $3,219,655 $17,921,211 $39,329,840

Table H-3. Wages/Salaries/Sole Proprietorship/Partnership Income Impacts: (2005 $ s) (Charter Fishing Impacts)

Industry Direct Indirect Induced Total 1 Crop Farming $354 $709 $4,021 $5,084 12 Livestock $73 $2,302 $3,260 $5,635 14 Forestry & Logging $2 $937 $2,085 $3,024 16 Fishing- Hunting & Trapping $140,438 $0 $0 $140,438 18 Ag & Forestry Svcs $41 $396 $1,143 $1,580 19 Oil & gas extraction $0 $0 $0 $0 20 Mining $0 $1 $9 $10 27 Mining services $0 $0 $0 $0 30 Utilities $2,023 $21,722 $38,238 $61,983 33 Construction $1,010 $83,524 $518,308 $602,842 46 Food products $2,866 $22,103 $33,894 $58,863 85 Beverage & Tobacco $14,555 $352 $510 $15,416 92 Textile Mills $23 $92 $505 $620 99 Textile Products $24 $61 $253 $338 104 Apparel Mfg $723 $35 $6,134 $6,892 109 Leather & Allied $2 $1 $19 $22 112 Wood Products $57 $3,348 $7,882 $11,286 124 Paper Manufacturing $5 $205 $267 $478 136 Printing & Related $258 $6,910 $6,756 $13,924 142 Petroleum & coal prod $104 $5,938 $3,515 $9,557 147 Chemical Manufacturing $147 $690 $4,100 $4,937 172 Plastics & rubber prod $125 $3,927 $5,374 $9,426 183 Nonmetal mineral prod $40 $543 $1,254 $1,837 203 Primary metal mfg $0 $39 $111 $150 224 Fabricated metal prod $15 $1,668 $2,911 $4,594 257 Machinery Mfg $73 $1,838 $13,433 $15,344 302 Computer & other electronics $264 $719 $12,401 $13,384 325 Electrical eqpmt & appliances $26 $451 $1,920 $2,397 344 Transportation eqpmt $139,577 $3,978 $63,744 $207,299 362 Furniture & related prod $497 $1,405 $10,454 $12,356 374 Miscellaneous mfg $294 $2,258 $8,632 $11,184 390 Wholesale Trade $18,156 $88,317 $278,192 $384,665 391 Air transportation $1,055 $2,598 $13,219 $16,873 392 Rail Transportation $513 $4,394 $10,178 $15,085 393 Water transportation $394 $1,055 $27,129 $28,578 394 Truck transportation $2,437 $14,658 $42,914 $60,009 395 Transit & ground passengers $496 $3,426 $8,452 $12,373 396 Pipeline transportation $5 $166 $354 $525 397 Sightseeing transportation $1,211 $17,906 $48,914 $68,031 398 Postal service $2,172 $36,033 $59,520 $97,725 399 Couriers & messengers $56 $10,846 $11,447 $22,349 400 Warehousing & storage $116 $16,435 $26,748 $43,299 401 Motor vehicle & parts dealers $14,318 $9,100 $149,048 $172,465 402 Furniture & home furnishings $2,698 $1,763 $28,148 $32,610 403 Electronics & appliances stores $982 $1,034 $22,617 $24,632

404 Bldg materials & garden dealers $5,505 $3,427 $57,138 $66,070 405 food & beverage stores $8,822 $5,121 $90,824 $104,767 406 Health & personal care stores $4,244 $3,547 $45,609 $53,400 407 Gasoline/Fuel facilities $561,171 $1,955 $35,918 $599,044 408 Clothing & accessories stores $3,876 $2,107 $39,584 $45,567 409 Sports- hobby- book & music stores $322,323 $853 $20,542 $343,718 410 Department stores $8,998 $6,830 $95,812 $111,641 411 Misc retailers $2,934 $3,061 $36,410 $42,405 412 Non-store retailers $3,502 $1,960 $36,183 $41,645 413 Publishing industries $586 $20,329 $20,661 $41,576 418 Motion picture & sound recording $392 $5,083 $7,542 $13,018 420 Broadcasting $4,312 $51,395 $93,878 $149,584 423 Internet & data process svcs $154 $4,632 $6,014 $10,800 425 Credit mediation & related $2,597 $31,390 $52,561 $86,548 426 Securities & other financial $3,583 $16,427 $63,877 $83,886 427 Insurance carriers & related $37,709 $13,417 $87,114 $138,239 429 Funds- trusts & other finan $240 $6 $1,681 $1,927 430 Monetary authorities $57,554 $19,725 $83,808 $161,088 431 Real estate $12,628 $53,364 $107,393 $173,385 432 Rental & leasing svcs $2,922 $11,397 $40,317 $54,636 436 Lessor of nonfinance intangible assets $0 $4,353 $1,253 $5,606 437 Professional- scientific & tech svcs $9,990 $125,235 $623,537 $758,763 451 Management of companies $0 $94,881 $64,496 $159,377 452 Admin support svcs $170,713 $111,866 $192,717 $475,296 460 Waste mgmt & remediation svcs $483 $6,291 $13,439 $20,212 461 Educational svcs $10,124 $1,288 $78,160 $89,573 464 Ambulatory health care $52,499 $403 $477,608 $530,511 467 Hospitals $23,571 $0 $212,807 $236,378 468 Nursing & residential care $10,737 $0 $95,913 $106,650 469 Social assistance $8,574 $25 $65,935 $74,535 471 Performing arts & spectator sports $855 $5,806 $10,918 $17,579 475 Museums & similar $627 $0 $4,760 $5,386 476 Amusement- gambling & recreation $4,490 $3,564 $37,506 $45,561 479 Accommodations $4,184,200 $6,788 $41,820 $4,232,808 481 Food svcs & drinking places $790,341 $16,917 $196,411 $1,003,669 482 Repair & maintenance $11,550 $18,106 $128,471 $158,127 487 Personal & laundry svcs $5,997 $18,072 $60,673 $84,742 491 Religious- grant-making- & similar orgs $10,917 $4,801 $96,174 $111,892 494 Private households $1,839 $0 $14,080 $15,919 495 Government services & non NAICs $94,150 $36,532 $3,892,017 $4,022,698 Total $6,783,936 $1,084,838 $8,809,572 $16,678,346

Table H-4. Rental Income and Corporation Income Impacts (2005 $ s) (Charter Fishing Impacts)

Industry Direct Indirect Induced Total 1 Crop Farming $477 $977 $5,452 $6,906 12 Livestock $55 $2,492 $3,540 $6,087 14 Forestry & Logging $2 $768 $1,711 $2,481 16 Fishing- Hunting & Trapping $5,291 $0 $0 $5,291 18 Ag & Forestry Svcs $0 $0 $0 $0 19 Oil & gas extraction $0 $0 $0 $0 20 Mining $0 $1 $6 $7 27 Mining services $0 $0 $0 $0 30 Utilities $3,391 $37,741 $64,982 $106,114 33 Construction $171 $1,348 $40,958 $42,478 46 Food products $1,129 $6,311 $11,352 $18,791 85 Beverage & Tobacco $7,703 $221 $355 $8,279 92 Textile Mills $1 $7 $29 $37 99 Textile Products $7 $15 $63 $85 104 Apparel Mfg $492 $22 $4,171 $4,686 109 Leather & Allied $2 $1 $17 $19 112 Wood Products $22 $1,183 $2,755 $3,960 124 Paper Manufacturing $2 $61 $102 $165 136 Printing & Related $74 $1,892 $1,981 $3,947 142 Petroleum & coal prod $11 $639 $203 $852 147 Chemical Manufacturing $114 $498 $2,780 $3,392 172 Plastics & rubber prod $94 $2,866 $3,884 $6,844 183 Nonmetal mineral prod $32 $423 $939 $1,393 203 Primary metal mfg $0 $8 $24 $32 224 Fabricated metal prod $6 $639 $1,049 $1,694 257 Machinery Mfg $31 $629 $3,074 $3,735 302 Computer & other electronics $5 $35 $381 $420 325 Electrical eqpmt & appliances $21 $488 $2,114 $2,623 344 Transportation eqpmt $13,331 $982 $32,666 $46,979 362 Furniture & related prod $208 $319 $3,543 $4,070 374 Miscellaneous mfg $120 $0 $1,258 $1,299 390 Wholesale Trade $6,840 $33,274 $104,811 $144,926 391 Air transportation $106 $260 $1,323 $1,688 392 Rail Transportation $317 $2,714 $6,286 $9,317 393 Water transportation $321 $859 $22,078 $23,258 394 Truck transportation $655 $3,940 $11,536 $16,131 395 Transit & ground passengers $225 $1,557 $3,841 $5,623 396 Pipeline transportation $0 $0 $0 $0 397 Sightseeing transportation $0 $0 $0 $0 398 Postal service $0 $0 $0 $0 399 Couriers & messengers $23 $4,463 $4,710 $9,196 400 Warehousing & storage $22 $3,135 $5,102 $8,259 401 Motor vehicle & parts dealers $4,178 $2,655 $43,493 $50,327 402 Furniture & home furnishings $1,061 $693 $11,067 $12,822 403 Electronics & appliances stores $240 $252 $5,522 $6,014 404 Bldg materials & garden dealers $2,427 $1,511 $25,188 $29,126

405 food & beverage stores $2,786 $1,617 $28,683 $33,086 406 Health & personal care stores $1,382 $1,155 $14,849 $17,386 407 Gasoline/Fuel facilities $157,525 $549 $10,082 $168,157 408 Clothing & accessories stores $1,857 $1,010 $18,968 $21,835 409 Sports- hobby- book & music stores $97,832 $259 $6,235 $104,326 410 Department stores $3,353 $2,545 $35,702 $41,600 411 Misc retailers $426 $444 $5,287 $6,158 412 Non-store retailers $1,598 $894 $16,511 $19,004 413 Publishing industries $263 $7,428 $8,327 $16,017 418 Motion picture & sound recording $177 $1,425 $2,450 $4,051 420 Broadcasting $5,322 $33,272 $92,120 $130,714 423 Internet & data process svcs $20 $607 $780 $1,407 425 Credit mediation & related $2,034 $24,578 $41,155 $67,768 426 Securities & other financial $0 $0 $0 $0 427 Insurance carriers & related $27,203 $7,473 $42,741 $77,418 429 Funds- trusts & other finan $0 $0 $0 $0 430 Monetary authorities $89,594 $30,705 $130,463 $250,762 431 Real estate $36,563 $154,507 $310,937 $502,007 432 Rental & leasing svcs $649 $5,130 $13,660 $19,439 436 Lessor of nonfinance intangible assets $0 $71,865 $20,681 $92,546 437 Professional- scientific & tech svcs $1,120 $18,964 $44,002 $64,086 451 Management of companies $0 $41,943 $28,511 $70,454 452 Admin support svcs $51,911 $14,252 $25,978 $92,141 460 Waste mgmt & remediation svcs $271 $3,530 $7,542 $11,343 461 Educational svcs $511 $76 $5,650 $6,238 464 Ambulatory health care $9,136 $53 $83,319 $92,508 467 Hospitals $198 $0 $1,790 $1,988 468 Nursing & residential care $1,195 $0 $10,677 $11,873 469 Social assistance $1,149 $0 $8,460 $9,608 471 Performing arts & spectator sports $170 $545 $2,024 $2,740 475 Museums & similar $0 $0 $0 $0 476 Amusement- gambling & recreation $1,781 $806 $14,019 $16,606 479 Accommodations $3,208,964 $5,200 $31,700 $3,245,864 481 Food svcs & drinking places $57,423 $1,229 $14,270 $72,923 482 Repair & maintenance $210 $2,352 $5,592 $8,154 487 Personal & laundry svcs $1,130 $1,111 $9,788 $12,028 491 Religious- grant-making- & similar orgs $0 $0 $0 $0 494 Private households $0 $0 $0 $0 495 Government services & non NAICs $230,301 $93,312 $998,611 $1,322,224 Total $4,043,258 $644,720 $2,525,913 $7,213,812

Table H-5. Government Tax and Fee Revenue Impacts (2005 $ s) (Charter Fishing Impacts)

Federal Government Corporate Profits Tax $340,110 Indirect Bus Tax: Custom Duty $82,600 Indirect Bus Tax: Excise Taxes $279,762 Indirect Bus Tax: (Fines &Fees) $87,581 Personal Tax: Income Tax $439,130 Social Ins Tax- Employee Contribution $858,377 Social Ins Tax- Employer Contribution $813,720 Subtotal $2,901,280 State/Local Government Corporate Profits Tax $34,187 Dividends $176,287 Indirect Bus Tax: Motor Vehicle License $32,964 Indirect Bus Tax: Other Taxes $245,427 Indirect Bus Tax: Property Tax $1,188,342 Indirect Bus Tax: (Fines &Fees) $136,275 Indirect Bus Tax: Sales Tax $1,005,676 Indirect Bus Tax: Severance Tax $233 Personal Tax: Income Tax $411,292 Personal Tax: Motor Vehicle License $18,797 Personal Tax: (Fines &Fees) $45,700 Personal Tax: Other Tax (Fish/Hunt) $3,419 Personal Tax: Property Taxes $7,080 Social Ins Tax- Employee Contribution $7,468 Social Ins Tax- Employer Contribution $20,298 Subtotal $3,333,445 Total $6,234,725

Table H-6 Employment Impacts (All jobs, full-time and part-time) (Private & Rental Boat Fishing Impacts) IMPLAN Model Sector Direct Indirect Induced Total Impact Impact Impact Impact 1 Crop Farming 0.0 0.8 1.1 1.9 12 Livestock 0.0 5.3 1.8 7.1 14 Forestry & Logging 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.7 16 Fishing- Hunting & Trapping 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18 Ag & Forestry Svcs 0.0 0.4 0.6 1.0 19 Oil & gas extraction 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 Mining 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 27 Mining services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 Utilities 0.0 3.8 3.8 7.6 33 Construction 0.0 21.4 128.8 150.2 46 Food products 0.0 30.6 10.6 41.3 85 Beverage & Tobacco 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.3 92 Textile Mills 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 99 Textile Products 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 104 Apparel Mfg 0.0 0.0 2.3 2.3 109 Leather & Allied 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 112 Wood Products 0.0 1.3 2.3 3.6 124 Paper Manufacturing 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 136 Printing & Related 0.0 3.5 1.8 5.3 142 Petroleum & coal prod 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.4 147 Chemical Manufacturing 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.6 172 Plastics & rubber prod 0.0 1.9 1.1 3.0 183 Nonmetal mineral prod 0.0 0.4 0.4 0.8 203 Primary metal mfg 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 224 Fabricated metal prod 0.0 0.2 0.6 0.9 257 Machinery Mfg 0.0 0.3 2.1 2.4 302 Computer & other electronics 0.0 0.2 2.2 2.4 325 Electrical eqpmt & appliances 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.5 344 Transportation eqpmt 0.0 0.5 6.6 7.1 362 Furniture & related prod 0.0 0.4 2.6 3.0 374 Miscellaneous mfg 0.0 1.0 2.4 3.3 390 Wholesale Trade 0.0 47.4 57.2 104.6 391 Air transportation 0.0 1.1 3.2 4.3 392 Rail Transportation 0.0 1.0 1.1 2.1 393 Water transportation 0.0 0.0 2.6 2.7 394 Truck transportation 0.0 10.0 12.3 22.3 395 Transit & ground passengers 0.0 1.4 5.6 6.9 396 Pipeline transportation 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 397 Sightseeing transportation 0.0 3.5 10.3 13.8 398 Postal service 0.0 4.9 6.4 11.3 399 Couriers & messengers 0.0 7.1 4.6 11.8 400 Warehousing & storage 0.0 7.4 7.8 15.3 401 Motor vehicle & parts dealers 0.0 4.0 36.4 40.3 402 Furniture & home furnishings 0.0 1.2 10.6 11.7

403 Electronics & appliances stores 0.0 0.7 8.3 9.0 404 Bldg materials & garden dealers 0.0 2.2 20.6 22.8 405 food & beverage stores 0.0 4.5 45.2 49.7 406 Health & personal care stores 0.0 2.4 17.0 19.4 407 Gasoline/Fuel facilities 1,195.4 1.7 17.8 1,214.8 408 Clothing & accessories stores 0.0 2.3 24.4 26.7 409 Sports- hobby- book & music stores 31.2 1.0 13.4 45.6 410 Department stores 0.0 6.2 48.4 54.6 411 Misc retailers 0.0 4.1 27.2 31.3 412 Non-store retailers 0.0 3.5 35.8 39.3 413 Publishing industries 0.0 9.5 4.8 14.3 418 Motion picture & sound recording 0.0 4.6 2.7 7.3 420 Broadcasting 0.0 16.4 17.5 34.0 423 Internet & data process svcs 0.0 1.3 1.2 2.5 425 Credit mediation & related 0.0 9.3 7.9 17.2 426 Securities & other financial 0.0 4.0 17.9 22.0 427 Insurance carriers & related 0.0 2.6 18.0 20.6 429 Funds- trusts & other finan 0.0 0.0 2.1 2.1 430 Monetary authorities 0.0 5.3 17.6 22.9 431 Real estate 0.0 65.4 60.1 125.5 432 Rental & leasing svcs 0.0 3.6 13.5 17.1 436 Lessor of nonfinance intangible assets 0.0 0.6 0.1 0.7 437 Professional- scientific & tech svcs 0.0 43.2 120.6 163.8 451 Management of companies 0.0 22.7 10.7 33.4 452 Admin support svcs 0.0 63.4 96.5 159.9 460 Waste mgmt & remediation svcs 0.0 2.0 3.6 5.7 461 Educational svcs 0.0 0.6 32.3 32.9 464 Ambulatory health care 0.0 0.0 93.9 93.9 467 Hospitals 0.0 0.0 53.1 53.1 468 Nursing & residential care 0.0 0.0 42.1 42.1 469 Social assistance 0.0 0.0 43.0 43.0 471 Performing arts & spectator sports 0.0 28.3 16.9 45.2 475 Museums & similar 0.0 0.0 1.5 1.5 476 Amusement- gambling & recreation 0.0 3.6 23.8 27.4 479 Accommodations 618.0 5.4 20.1 643.4 481 Food svcs & drinking places 2,582.3 25.3 148.1 2,755.7 482 Repair & maintenance 0.0 10.6 48.5 59.1 487 Personal & laundry svcs 0.0 7.5 32.6 40.1 491 Religious- grant-making- & similar orgs 0.0 1.6 33.5 35.1 494 Private households 0.0 0.0 27.3 27.3 495 Government services & non NAICs 0.0 10.5 645.6 656.1 Total 4,426.8 538.0 2,246.8 7,211.6

Table H-7. Output/Business Activity Impacts (2005 $ s) (Private & Rental Boat Fishing Impacts) Industry Direct Indirect Induced Total 1 Crop Farming $0 $107,178 $140,006 $247,184 12 Livestock $0 $682,240 $247,083 $929,323 14 Forestry & Logging $0 $55,225 $100,519 $155,744 16 Fishing- Hunting & Trapping $0 $0 $0 $0 18 Ag & Forestry Svcs $0 $11,117 $14,261 $25,378 19 Oil & gas extraction $0 $0 $0 $0 20 Mining $0 $21 $216 $237 27 Mining services $0 $0 $0 $0 30 Utilities $0 $1,909,448 $1,912,953 $3,822,401 33 Construction $0 $1,705,540 $13,248,219 $14,953,759 46 Food products $0 $5,638,240 $2,117,343 $7,755,583 85 Beverage & Tobacco $0 $64,876 $29,583 $94,459 92 Textile Mills $0 $4,414 $20,985 $25,400 99 Textile Products $0 $1,684 $9,881 $11,565 104 Apparel Mfg $0 $1,816 $254,555 $256,371 109 Leather & Allied $0 $33 $467 $500 112 Wood Products $0 $182,815 $334,871 $517,685 124 Paper Manufacturing $0 $48,885 $25,719 $74,605 136 Printing & Related $0 $420,045 $217,757 $637,802 142 Petroleum & coal prod $0 $73,188 $188,253 $261,441 147 Chemical Manufacturing $0 $98,030 $299,083 $397,113 172 Plastics & rubber prod $0 $509,951 $273,874 $783,825 183 Nonmetal mineral prod $0 $59,429 $53,710 $113,139 203 Primary metal mfg $0 $1,184 $4,913 $6,097 224 Fabricated metal prod $0 $37,434 $91,375 $128,808 257 Machinery Mfg $0 $59,453 $471,659 $531,113 302 Computer & other electronics $0 $37,033 $611,672 $648,705 325 Electrical eqpmt & appliances $0 $33,980 $123,245 $157,226 344 Transportation eqpmt $0 $154,133 $3,102,254 $3,256,388 362 Furniture & related prod $0 $38,193 $332,727 $370,920 374 Miscellaneous mfg $0 $113,237 $207,096 $320,332 390 Wholesale Trade $0 $5,819,018 $7,014,609 $12,833,626 391 Air transportation $0 $206,455 $595,534 $801,990 392 Rail Transportation $0 $241,784 $277,795 $519,579 393 Water transportation $0 $27,189 $1,449,721 $1,476,910 394 Truck transportation $0 $1,081,926 $1,321,565 $2,403,491 395 Transit & ground passengers $0 $66,249 $264,480 $330,729 396 Pipeline transportation $0 $19,559 $28,745 $48,304 397 Sightseeing transportation $0 $360,217 $1,060,204 $1,420,421 398 Postal service $0 $522,030 $683,278 $1,205,308 399 Couriers & messengers $0 $440,620 $286,340 $726,960 400 Warehousing & storage $0 $472,474 $498,127 $970,601 401 Motor vehicle & parts dealers $0 $356,435 $3,276,911 $3,633,346 402 Furniture & home furnishings $0 $78,107 $699,969 $778,076 403 Electronics & appliances stores $0 $36,389 $426,091 $462,480 404 Bldg materials & garden dealers $0 $146,510 $1,371,610 $1,518,120 405 food & beverage stores $0 $204,371 $2,036,720 $2,241,091

406 Health & personal care stores $0 $144,658 $1,041,739 $1,186,397 407 Gasoline/Fuel facilities $58,323,148 $83,967 $866,441 $59,273,556 408 Clothing & accessories stores $0 $96,067 $1,014,463 $1,110,530 409 Sports- hobby- book & music stores $1,032,053 $32,952 $443,874 $1,508,879 410 Department stores $0 $268,901 $2,113,406 $2,382,307 411 Misc retailers $0 $110,909 $730,909 $841,818 412 Non-store retailers $0 $109,374 $1,133,490 $1,242,864 413 Publishing industries $0 $1,301,978 $762,253 $2,064,232 418 Motion picture & sound recording $0 $557,748 $344,902 $902,650 420 Broadcasting $0 $3,532,443 $3,871,856 $7,404,300 423 Internet & data process svcs $0 $174,333 $168,652 $342,985 425 Credit mediation & related $0 $1,741,435 $1,478,245 $3,219,680 426 Securities & other financial $0 $415,932 $1,852,965 $2,268,897 427 Insurance carriers & related $0 $447,845 $3,113,281 $3,561,126 429 Funds- trusts & other finan $0 $951 $551,389 $552,340 430 Monetary authorities $0 $1,065,753 $3,547,454 $4,613,207 431 Real estate $0 $7,899,395 $7,254,039 $15,153,434 432 Rental & leasing svcs $0 $582,287 $1,566,630 $2,148,917 436 Lessor of nonfinance intangible assets $0 $1,047,698 $244,691 $1,292,389 437 Professional- scientific & tech svcs $0 $2,798,155 $9,142,285 $11,940,440 451 Management of companies $0 $3,051,888 $1,440,891 $4,492,779 452 Admin support svcs $0 $2,493,709 $3,737,044 $6,230,753 460 Waste mgmt & remediation svcs $0 $253,377 $461,240 $714,617 461 Educational svcs $0 $37,959 $1,627,384 $1,665,343 464 Ambulatory health care $0 $1,361 $8,347,027 $8,348,388 467 Hospitals $0 $0 $5,291,048 $5,291,048 468 Nursing & residential care $0 $0 $1,838,664 $1,838,664 469 Social assistance $0 $411 $1,497,326 $1,497,738 471 Performing arts & spectator sports $0 $463,423 $307,392 $770,815 475 Museums & similar $0 $0 $105,175 $105,175 476 Amusement- gambling & recreation $0 $110,554 $1,185,323 $1,295,877 479 Accommodations $34,013,164 $295,408 $1,105,205 $35,413,776 481 Food svcs & drinking places $102,065,504 $1,000,881 $5,852,071 $108,918,464 482 Repair & maintenance $0 $1,026,569 $3,520,502 $4,547,072 487 Personal & laundry svcs $0 $337,256 $1,742,217 $2,079,473 491 Religious- grant-making- & similar orgs $0 $115,204 $1,709,938 $1,825,142 494 Private households $0 $0 $148,628 $148,628 495 Government services & non NAICs $0 $2,600,272 $53,278,788 $55,879,060 Total $195,433,869 $56,329,209 $180,164,803 $431,927,890

Table H-8. Wages/Salaries/Sole Proprietorship/Partnership Income Impacts: (2005 $ s) (Private & Rental Boat Fishing Impacts)

Industry Direct Indirect Induced Total 1 Crop Farming $0 $26,748 $41,633 $68,381 12 Livestock $0 $94,158 $34,167 $128,325 14 Forestry & Logging $0 $10,881 $19,796 $30,677 16 Fishing- Hunting & Trapping $0 $0 $0 $0 18 Ag & Forestry Svcs $0 $9,109 $11,684 $20,793 19 Oil & gas extraction $0 $0 $0 $0 20 Mining $0 $9 $87 $96 27 Mining services $0 $0 $0 $0 30 Utilities $0 $393,193 $391,666 $784,859 33 Construction $0 $795,925 $4,808,343 $5,604,268 46 Food products $0 $970,417 $354,046 $1,324,463 85 Beverage & Tobacco $0 $11,857 $5,364 $17,222 92 Textile Mills $0 $1,206 $5,231 $6,437 99 Textile Products $0 $421 $2,629 $3,050 104 Apparel Mfg $0 $460 $64,470 $64,930 109 Leather & Allied $0 $14 $198 $211 112 Wood Products $0 $43,128 $75,359 $118,487 124 Paper Manufacturing $0 $6,517 $2,712 $9,229 136 Printing & Related $0 $132,352 $68,866 $201,218 142 Petroleum & coal prod $0 $14,108 $34,678 $48,786 147 Chemical Manufacturing $0 $9,620 $40,685 $50,305 172 Plastics & rubber prod $0 $105,327 $54,255 $159,582 183 Nonmetal mineral prod $0 $14,403 $12,599 $27,002 203 Primary metal mfg $0 $241 $1,063 $1,303 224 Fabricated metal prod $0 $11,258 $28,430 $39,688 257 Machinery Mfg $0 $15,935 $123,614 $139,549 302 Computer & other electronics $0 $7,787 $119,644 $127,431 325 Electrical eqpmt & appliances $0 $4,437 $18,372 $22,810 344 Transportation eqpmt $0 $41,995 $626,263 $668,258 362 Furniture & related prod $0 $14,734 $101,856 $116,590 374 Miscellaneous mfg $0 $35,727 $90,047 $125,774 390 Wholesale Trade $0 $2,372,137 $2,859,523 $5,231,660 391 Air transportation $0 $47,042 $135,696 $182,737 392 Rail Transportation $0 $89,547 $102,884 $192,432 393 Water transportation $0 $4,922 $262,442 $267,364 394 Truck transportation $0 $357,030 $436,109 $793,139 395 Transit & ground passengers $0 $21,460 $85,675 $107,135 396 Pipeline transportation $0 $2,465 $3,623 $6,088 397 Sightseeing transportation $0 $164,695 $484,737 $649,432 398 Postal service $0 $461,118 $603,551 $1,064,669 399 Couriers & messengers $0 $178,578 $116,050 $294,628 400 Warehousing & storage $0 $250,350 $263,942 $514,292 401 Motor vehicle & parts dealers $0 $169,008 $1,553,787 $1,722,795 402 Furniture & home furnishings $0 $32,743 $293,433 $326,176 403 Electronics & appliances stores $0 $19,202 $224,851 $244,053

404 Bldg materials & garden dealers $0 $63,646 $595,852 $659,498 405 food & beverage stores $0 $95,119 $947,941 $1,043,061 406 Health & personal care stores $0 $65,884 $474,453 $540,337 407 Gasoline/Fuel facilities $25,214,074 $36,300 $374,577 $25,624,952 408 Clothing & accessories stores $0 $39,142 $413,343 $452,486 409 Sports- hobby- book & music stores $496,322 $15,847 $213,462 $725,631 410 Department stores $0 $126,863 $997,067 $1,123,930 411 Misc retailers $0 $56,846 $374,624 $431,470 412 Non-store retailers $0 $36,402 $377,249 $413,651 413 Publishing industries $0 $399,382 $211,334 $610,717 418 Motion picture & sound recording $0 $130,791 $78,685 $209,476 420 Broadcasting $0 $895,376 $962,368 $1,857,744 423 Internet & data process svcs $0 $62,919 $60,182 $123,101 425 Credit mediation & related $0 $640,531 $543,725 $1,184,256 426 Securities & other financial $0 $148,507 $661,593 $810,100 427 Insurance carriers & related $0 $131,188 $912,129 $1,043,317 429 Funds- trusts & other finan $0 $31 $17,764 $17,794 430 Monetary authorities $0 $262,444 $873,567 $1,136,011 431 Real estate $0 $1,204,054 $1,105,686 $2,309,740 432 Rental & leasing svcs $0 $142,512 $412,640 $555,152 436 Lessor of nonfinance intangible assets $0 $54,954 $12,835 $67,789 437 Professional- scientific & tech svcs $0 $1,679,478 $6,050,304 $7,729,781 451 Management of companies $0 $1,403,935 $662,841 $2,066,777 452 Admin support svcs $0 $1,263,036 $1,932,042 $3,195,077 460 Waste mgmt & remediation svcs $0 $74,060 $134,817 $208,876 461 Educational svcs $0 $19,266 $817,992 $837,259 464 Ambulatory health care $0 $455 $5,033,776 $5,034,231 467 Hospitals $0 $0 $2,238,223 $2,238,223 468 Nursing & residential care $0 $0 $1,009,469 $1,009,469 469 Social assistance $0 $219 $692,597 $692,816 471 Performing arts & spectator sports $0 $179,640 $114,362 $294,002 475 Museums & similar $0 $0 $50,227 $50,227 476 Amusement- gambling & recreation $0 $52,118 $394,329 $446,446 479 Accommodations $13,329,987 $115,704 $430,797 $13,876,487 481 Food svcs & drinking places $35,980,376 $352,833 $2,062,986 $38,396,192 482 Repair & maintenance $0 $344,231 $1,325,398 $1,669,629 487 Personal & laundry svcs $0 $157,029 $633,558 $790,587 491 Religious- grant-making- & similar orgs $0 $54,799 $1,011,030 $1,065,828 494 Private households $0 $0 $148,628 $148,628 495 Government services & non NAICs $0 $467,293 $37,214,200 $37,681,496 Total $75,020,759 $17,715,100 $87,142,710 $179,878,568

Table H-9. Rental Income and Corporation Income Impacts (2005 $ s) (Private & Rental Boat Fishing Impacts)

Industry Direct Indirect Induced Total 1 Crop Farming $0 $37,169 $56,443 $93,612 12 Livestock $0 $101,150 $37,112 $138,262 14 Forestry & Logging $0 $8,924 $16,245 $25,168 16 Fishing- Hunting & Trapping $0 $0 $0 $0 18 Ag & Forestry Svcs $0 $0 $0 $0 19 Oil & gas extraction $0 $0 $0 $0 20 Mining $0 $5 $56 $61 27 Mining services $0 $0 $0 $0 30 Utilities $0 $683,498 $665,494 $1,348,992 33 Construction $0 $13,213 $370,956 $384,169 46 Food products $0 $276,539 $118,435 $394,974 85 Beverage & Tobacco $0 $7,834 $3,736 $11,569 92 Textile Mills $0 $95 $300 $395 99 Textile Products $0 $95 $660 $755 104 Apparel Mfg $0 $281 $43,847 $44,128 109 Leather & Allied $0 $12 $175 $187 112 Wood Products $0 $15,001 $26,321 $41,321 124 Paper Manufacturing $0 $1,737 $1,040 $2,777 136 Printing & Related $0 $36,079 $20,127 $56,206 142 Petroleum & coal prod $0 $1,755 $2,130 $3,884 147 Chemical Manufacturing $0 $7,014 $27,819 $34,832 172 Plastics & rubber prod $0 $78,309 $39,242 $117,551 183 Nonmetal mineral prod $0 $10,017 $9,441 $19,457 203 Primary metal mfg $0 $47 $230 $278 224 Fabricated metal prod $0 $3,643 $10,167 $13,811 257 Machinery Mfg $0 $3,124 $28,340 $31,464 302 Computer & other electronics $0 $372 $3,690 $4,062 325 Electrical eqpmt & appliances $0 $5,333 $20,070 $25,403 344 Transportation eqpmt $0 $10,614 $322,649 $333,263 362 Furniture & related prod $0 $3,228 $34,791 $38,019 374 Miscellaneous mfg $0 $0 $13,094 $11,377 390 Wholesale Trade $0 $893,724 $1,077,351 $1,971,075 391 Air transportation $0 $4,708 $13,579 $18,287 392 Rail Transportation $0 $55,309 $63,547 $118,856 393 Water transportation $0 $4,006 $213,581 $217,586 394 Truck transportation $0 $95,973 $117,230 $213,203 395 Transit & ground passengers $0 $9,754 $38,938 $48,692 396 Pipeline transportation $0 $0 $0 $0 397 Sightseeing transportation $0 $0 $0 $0 398 Postal service $0 $0 $0 $0 399 Couriers & messengers $0 $73,484 $47,754 $121,239 400 Warehousing & storage $0 $47,753 $50,346 $98,099 401 Motor vehicle & parts dealers $0 $49,318 $453,407 $502,725 402 Furniture & home furnishings $0 $12,874 $115,372 $128,246 403 Electronics & appliances stores $0 $4,688 $54,897 $59,585

404 Bldg materials & garden dealers $0 $28,057 $262,668 $290,725 405 food & beverage stores $0 $30,040 $299,369 $329,408 406 Health & personal care stores $0 $21,450 $154,472 $175,922 407 Gasoline/Fuel facilities $7,077,806 $10,190 $105,147 $7,193,143 408 Clothing & accessories stores $0 $18,756 $198,068 $216,824 409 Sports- hobby- book & music stores $150,644 $4,810 $64,790 $220,245 410 Department stores $0 $47,272 $371,533 $418,806 411 Misc retailers $0 $8,255 $54,402 $62,658 412 Non-store retailers $0 $16,611 $172,149 $188,761 413 Publishing industries $0 $143,958 $85,108 $229,066 418 Motion picture & sound recording $0 $27,103 $25,669 $52,771 420 Broadcasting $0 $502,494 $946,167 $1,448,661 423 Internet & data process svcs $0 $8,245 $7,806 $16,051 425 Credit mediation & related $0 $501,538 $425,739 $927,277 426 Securities & other financial $0 $0 $0 $0 427 Insurance carriers & related $0 $64,347 $447,519 $511,866 429 Funds- trusts & other finan $0 $0 $0 $0 430 Monetary authorities $0 $408,541 $1,359,865 $1,768,406 431 Real estate $0 $3,486,138 $3,201,331 $6,687,468 432 Rental & leasing svcs $0 $60,468 $138,075 $198,543 436 Lessor of nonfinance intangible assets $0 $907,214 $211,880 $1,119,094 437 Professional- scientific & tech svcs $0 $266,649 $446,521 $713,170 451 Management of companies $0 $620,625 $293,016 $913,642 452 Admin support svcs $0 $170,118 $260,393 $430,511 460 Waste mgmt & remediation svcs $0 $41,563 $75,661 $117,224 461 Educational svcs $0 $555 $58,303 $58,857 464 Ambulatory health care $0 $60 $878,295 $878,355 467 Hospitals $0 $0 $18,824 $18,824 468 Nursing & residential care $0 $0 $112,377 $112,377 469 Social assistance $0 $0 $88,978 $88,972 471 Performing arts & spectator sports $0 $8,143 $21,180 $29,323 475 Museums & similar $0 $0 $0 $0 476 Amusement- gambling & recreation $0 $6,869 $147,618 $154,486 479 Accommodations $10,223,252 $88,622 $326,460 $10,638,334 481 Food svcs & drinking places $2,614,199 $25,636 $149,889 $2,789,723 482 Repair & maintenance $0 $43,689 $56,095 $99,784 487 Personal & laundry svcs $0 $9,532 $102,609 $112,140 491 Religious- grant-making- & similar orgs $0 $0 $0 $0 494 Private households $0 $0 $0 $0 495 Government services & non NAICs $0 $1,317,520 $10,505,665 $11,823,185 Total $20,065,901 $11,451,744 $26,192,251 $57,708,174

Table H-10. Government Tax and Fee Revenue Impacts (2005 $ s) (Private & Rental Boat Fishing Impacts) Federal Government Corporate Profits Tax $2,736,654 Indirect Bus Tax: Custom Duty $786,483 Indirect Bus Tax: Excise Taxes $2,663,769 Indirect Bus Tax: (Fines &Fees) $833,910 Personal Tax: Income Tax $4,740,311 Social Ins Tax- Employee Contribution $9,287,804 Social Ins Tax- Employer Contribution $8,891,907 Subtotal $29,940,838 State/Local Government Corporate Profits Tax $275,083 Dividends $1,418,470 Indirect Bus Tax: Motor Vehicle License $313,873 Indirect Bus Tax: Other Taxes $2,336,852 Indirect Bus Tax: Property Tax $11,314,875 Indirect Bus Tax: (Fines &Fees) $1,297,554 Indirect Bus Tax: Sales Tax $9,575,603 Indirect Bus Tax: Severance Tax $2,218 Personal Tax: Income Tax $4,439,690 Personal Tax: Motor Vehicle License $202,908 Personal Tax: (Fines &Fees) $493,308 Personal Tax: Other Tax (Fish/Hunt) $36,905 Personal Tax: Property Taxes $76,422 Social Ins Tax- Employee Contribution $81,606 Social Ins Tax- Employer Contribution $221,802 Subtotal $32,087,169 Total $62,028,007

Table H-11 Employment Impacts (All jobs, full-time and part-time) (Tournament Fishing Impacts) IMPLAN Model Sector Direct Indirect Induced Total Impact Impact Impact Impact 1 Crop Farming 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 12 Livestock 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.3 14 Forestry & Logging 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 16 Fishing- Hunting & Trapping 25.0 0.0 0.0 25.0 18 Ag & Forestry Svcs 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 19 Oil & gas extraction 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20 Mining 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 27 Mining services 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 30 Utilities 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.5 33 Construction 0.0 2.1 9.2 11.3 46 Food products 0.1 0.7 0.8 1.5 85 Beverage & Tobacco 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.5 92 Textile Mills 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 99 Textile Products 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 104 Apparel Mfg 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 109 Leather & Allied 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 112 Wood Products 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 124 Paper Manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 136 Printing & Related 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.4 142 Petroleum & coal prod 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 147 Chemical Manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 172 Plastics & rubber prod 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 183 Nonmetal mineral prod 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 203 Primary metal mfg 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 224 Fabricated metal prod 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 257 Machinery Mfg 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 302 Computer & other electronics 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 325 Electrical eqpmt & appliances 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 344 Transportation eqpmt 13.9 0.1 0.5 14.5 362 Furniture & related prod 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 374 Miscellaneous mfg 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 390 Wholesale Trade 0.2 2.4 4.2 6.7 391 Air transportation 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 392 Rail Transportation 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 393 Water transportation 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 394 Truck transportation 0.0 0.5 0.9 1.5 395 Transit & ground passengers 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.5 396 Pipeline transportation 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 397 Sightseeing transportation 0.0 0.5 0.8 1.3 398 Postal service 0.0 0.5 0.5 1.0 399 Couriers & messengers 0.0 0.5 0.3 0.8 400 Warehousing & storage 0.0 0.6 0.6 1.2 401 Motor vehicle & parts dealers 0.2 0.2 2.7 3.1 402 Furniture & home furnishings 0.0 0.1 0.8 0.9 403 Electronics & appliances stores 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.7

404 Bldg materials & garden dealers 0.1 0.1 1.5 1.7 405 food & beverage stores 0.2 0.2 3.3 3.8 406 Health & personal care stores 0.1 0.1 1.3 1.5 407 Gasoline/Fuel facilities 47.8 0.1 1.3 49.2 408 Clothing & accessories stores 0.1 0.1 1.8 2.0 409 Sports- hobby- book & music stores 6.5 0.1 1.0 7.5 410 Department stores 0.2 0.3 3.6 4.1 411 Misc retailers 0.1 0.2 2.0 2.3 412 Non-store retailers 0.2 0.2 2.6 3.0 413 Publishing industries 0.0 0.5 0.4 0.9 418 Motion picture & sound recording 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.4 420 Broadcasting 0.0 1.1 1.3 2.4 423 Internet & data process svcs 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 425 Credit mediation & related 0.0 0.5 0.6 1.1 426 Securities & other financial 0.0 0.3 1.3 1.7 427 Insurance carriers & related 0.1 0.2 1.3 1.6 429 Funds- trusts & other finan 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 430 Monetary authorities 0.1 0.4 1.3 1.7 431 Real estate 0.2 3.2 4.4 7.8 432 Rental & leasing svcs 0.1 0.5 1.0 1.5 436 Lessor of nonfinance intangible assets 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 437 Professional- scientific & tech svcs 0.1 3.4 8.8 12.3 451 Management of companies 0.0 1.7 0.8 2.5 452 Admin support svcs 78.4 7.9 6.9 93.3 460 Waste mgmt & remediation svcs 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.4 461 Educational svcs 0.2 0.0 2.4 2.6 464 Ambulatory health care 0.5 0.0 6.9 7.4 467 Hospitals 0.3 0.0 3.9 4.2 468 Nursing & residential care 0.2 0.0 3.1 3.3 469 Social assistance 0.3 0.0 3.2 3.4 471 Performing arts & spectator sports 0.1 0.9 1.2 2.2 475 Museums & similar 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 476 Amusement- gambling & recreation 0.1 0.4 1.7 2.2 479 Accommodations 45.2 0.5 1.5 47.1 481 Food svcs & drinking places 57.4 1.5 10.9 69.7 482 Repair & maintenance 0.2 0.7 3.5 4.5 487 Personal & laundry svcs 0.2 0.4 2.4 3.0 491 Religious- grant-making- & similar orgs 0.2 0.1 2.5 2.8 494 Private households 0.2 0.0 2.0 2.2 495 Government services & non NAICs 1.4 0.6 44.9 46.9 Total 280.8 36.7 161.7 479.2

Table H-12. Output/Business Activity Impacts (2005 $ s) (Tournament Fishing Impacts)

Industry Direct Indirect Induced Total 1 Crop Farming $588 $2,902 $10,185 $13,674 12 Livestock $294 $16,211 $18,086 $34,591 14 Forestry & Logging $5 $3,887 $7,357 $11,250 16 Fishing- Hunting & Trapping $495,000 $0 $0 $495,000 18 Ag & Forestry Svcs $26 $440 $1,045 $1,510 19 Oil & gas extraction $0 $0 $0 $0 20 Mining $0 $2 $15 $17 27 Mining services $0 $0 $0 $0 30 Utilities $5,028 $85,731 $137,383 $228,141 33 Construction $2,054 $167,545 $949,141 $1,118,740 46 Food products $19,129 $129,609 $154,290 $303,028 85 Beverage & Tobacco $155,954 $2,273 $2,173 $160,400 92 Textile Mills $48 $327 $1,526 $1,901 99 Textile Products $46 $256 $722 $1,024 104 Apparel Mfg $1,444 $171 $18,654 $20,269 109 Leather & Allied $3 $4 $34 $41 112 Wood Products $120 $12,524 $24,510 $37,155 124 Paper Manufacturing $23 $1,829 $1,852 $3,704 136 Printing & Related $5,155 $24,766 $15,674 $45,596 142 Petroleum & coal prod $329 $40,864 $13,322 $54,516 147 Chemical Manufacturing $508 $9,646 $20,995 $31,149 172 Plastics & rubber prod $341 $19,745 $19,809 $39,895 183 Nonmetal mineral prod $89 $3,560 $3,875 $7,524 203 Primary metal mfg $0 $862 $359 $1,221 224 Fabricated metal prod $25 $19,045 $6,612 $25,681 257 Machinery Mfg $196 $26,038 $34,690 $60,924 302 Computer & other electronics $727 $6,638 $44,694 $52,059 325 Electrical eqpmt & appliances $59 $4,669 $8,943 $13,671 344 Transportation eqpmt $1,999,247 $23,129 $228,714 $2,251,090 362 Furniture & related prod $927 $3,116 $24,450 $28,493 374 Miscellaneous mfg $384 $6,475 $15,119 $21,979 390 Wholesale Trade $22,544 $289,560 $510,726 $822,831 391 Air transportation $2,342 $16,713 $43,490 $62,545 392 Rail Transportation $702 $14,769 $20,044 $35,515 393 Water transportation $1,101 $7,967 $106,422 $115,491 394 Truck transportation $3,738 $57,595 $95,817 $157,151 395 Transit & ground passengers $774 $5,649 $18,704 $25,127 396 Pipeline transportation $22 $1,185 $2,063 $3,270 397 Sightseeing transportation $1,340 $50,974 $77,433 $129,747 398 Postal service $1,253 $54,940 $48,704 $104,897 399 Couriers & messengers $71 $31,076 $20,665 $51,811 400 Warehousing & storage $111 $38,656 $36,282 $75,050 401 Motor vehicle & parts dealers $15,273 $19,648 $241,165 $276,086 402 Furniture & home furnishings $3,256 $4,305 $51,511 $59,072 403 Electronics & appliances stores $941 $2,006 $31,336 $34,282 404 Bldg materials & garden dealers $6,410 $8,076 $100,941 $115,427

405 food & beverage stores $9,587 $11,265 $149,882 $170,735 406 Health & personal care stores $4,713 $7,974 $76,647 $89,334 407 Gasoline/Fuel facilities $2,330,916 $4,628 $63,777 $2,399,322 408 Clothing & accessories stores $4,811 $5,295 $74,660 $84,767 409 Sports- hobby- book & music stores $213,580 $1,816 $32,668 $248,065 410 Department stores $9,647 $14,822 $155,521 $179,991 411 Misc retailers $2,896 $6,114 $53,765 $62,774 412 Non-store retailers $5,322 $6,029 $83,437 $94,788 413 Publishing industries $1,195 $68,674 $55,130 $125,000 418 Motion picture & sound recording $894 $20,689 $25,251 $46,834 420 Broadcasting $9,585 $239,963 $280,735 $530,283 423 Internet & data process svcs $226 $16,878 $12,131 $29,236 425 Credit mediation & related $3,203 $92,993 $107,744 $203,940 426 Securities & other financial $3,860 $34,972 $134,266 $173,098 427 Insurance carriers & related $10,748 $41,325 $228,474 $280,548 429 Funds- trusts & other finan $3,762 $107 $40,587 $44,456 430 Monetary authorities $13,529 $77,103 $258,826 $349,457 431 Real estate $24,917 $387,804 $529,742 $942,463 432 Rental & leasing svcs $4,967 $76,622 $112,980 $194,569 436 Lessor of nonfinance intangible assets $0 $65,647 $17,871 $83,518 437 Professional- scientific & tech svcs $8,574 $233,838 $664,987 $907,398 451 Management of companies $0 $228,030 $105,354 $333,384 452 Admin support svcs $3,426,910 $295,219 $269,300 $3,991,429 460 Waste mgmt & remediation svcs $838 $17,643 $33,093 $51,574 461 Educational svcs $9,840 $3,055 $119,361 $132,256 464 Ambulatory health care $43,869 $694 $614,361 $658,924 467 Hospitals $28,174 $0 $389,636 $417,810 468 Nursing & residential care $9,886 $0 $135,120 $145,006 469 Social assistance $9,415 $341 $109,728 $119,484 471 Performing arts & spectator sports $1,082 $16,857 $22,536 $40,474 475 Museums & similar $663 $0 $7,743 $8,406 476 Amusement- gambling & recreation $7,007 $12,986 $87,142 $107,135 479 Accommodations $2,486,679 $24,904 $79,816 $2,591,400 481 Food svcs & drinking places $2,267,802 $57,844 $429,059 $2,754,706 482 Repair & maintenance $14,863 $72,799 $254,968 $342,630 487 Personal & laundry svcs $8,739 $21,998 $127,532 $158,269 491 Religious- grant-making- & similar orgs $8,973 $10,025 $125,551 $144,549 494 Private households $929 $0 $10,942 $11,871 495 Government services & non NAICs $271,670 $139,460 $3,805,407 $4,216,537 Direct Expenditures on Imported Items $429,660 $0 $0 $429,660 Total $14,441,558 $3,531,799 $13,055,262 $31,028,620

Table H-13. Wages/Salaries/Sole Proprietorship/Partnership Income Impacts: (2005 $ s) (Tournament Fishing Impacts)

Industry Direct Indirect Induced Total 1 Crop Farming $179 $758 $3,025 $3,963 12 Livestock $37 $2,239 $2,501 $4,777 14 Forestry & Logging $1 $766 $1,449 $2,216 16 Fishing- Hunting & Trapping $195,254 $0 $0 $195,254 18 Ag & Forestry Svcs $21 $361 $856 $1,237 19 Oil & gas extraction $0 $0 $0 $0 20 Mining $0 $1 $6 $7 27 Mining services $0 $0 $0 $0 30 Utilities $1,026 $17,676 $28,131 $46,833 33 Construction $520 $78,237 $341,793 $420,549 46 Food products $2,279 $22,292 $25,812 $50,383 85 Beverage & Tobacco $29,811 $421 $394 $30,625 92 Textile Mills $12 $88 $381 $480 99 Textile Products $12 $73 $192 $277 104 Apparel Mfg $366 $43 $4,724 $5,133 109 Leather & Allied $1 $2 $14 $17 112 Wood Products $29 $2,961 $5,517 $8,507 124 Paper Manufacturing $3 $218 $196 $417 136 Printing & Related $1,632 $7,825 $4,956 $14,414 142 Petroleum & coal prod $53 $7,775 $2,451 $10,279 147 Chemical Manufacturing $75 $1,013 $2,852 $3,941 172 Plastics & rubber prod $64 $4,128 $3,926 $8,117 183 Nonmetal mineral prod $20 $747 $909 $1,677 203 Primary metal mfg $0 $131 $78 $209 224 Fabricated metal prod $8 $4,737 $2,059 $6,804 257 Machinery Mfg $37 $7,343 $9,066 $16,446 302 Computer & other electronics $134 $1,431 $8,741 $10,305 325 Electrical eqpmt & appliances $13 $946 $1,336 $2,296 344 Transportation eqpmt $770,748 $6,447 $46,102 $823,297 362 Furniture & related prod $251 $1,124 $7,490 $8,865 374 Miscellaneous mfg $149 $2,163 $6,592 $8,903 390 Wholesale Trade $9,190 $118,040 $208,199 $335,429 391 Air transportation $534 $3,808 $9,909 $14,251 392 Rail Transportation $260 $5,470 $7,423 $13,153 393 Water transportation $199 $1,442 $19,266 $20,907 394 Truck transportation $1,234 $19,006 $31,619 $51,859 395 Transit & ground passengers $251 $1,830 $6,059 $8,140 396 Pipeline transportation $3 $149 $260 $412 397 Sightseeing transportation $613 $23,306 $35,403 $59,322 398 Postal service $1,106 $48,530 $43,021 $92,657 399 Couriers & messengers $29 $12,595 $8,375 $20,999 400 Warehousing & storage $59 $20,483 $19,225 $39,767 401 Motor vehicle & parts dealers $7,242 $9,316 $114,352 $130,910 402 Furniture & home furnishings $1,365 $1,805 $21,594 $24,764 403 Electronics & appliances stores $496 $1,058 $16,536 $18,091

404 Bldg materials & garden dealers $2,785 $3,508 $43,850 $50,143 405 food & beverage stores $4,462 $5,243 $69,759 $79,464 406 Health & personal care stores $2,146 $3,632 $34,908 $40,686 407 Gasoline/Fuel facilities $1,007,694 $2,001 $27,572 $1,037,267 408 Clothing & accessories stores $1,960 $2,158 $30,420 $34,538 409 Sports- hobby- book & music stores $102,712 $873 $15,710 $119,296 410 Department stores $4,551 $6,993 $73,372 $84,916 411 Misc retailers $1,484 $3,133 $27,557 $32,175 412 Non-store retailers $1,771 $2,007 $27,769 $31,547 413 Publishing industries $297 $20,935 $15,309 $36,541 418 Motion picture & sound recording $198 $4,840 $5,760 $10,798 420 Broadcasting $2,185 $62,247 $69,694 $134,125 423 Internet & data process svcs $79 $6,074 $4,327 $10,480 425 Credit mediation & related $1,178 $34,205 $39,630 $75,013 426 Securities & other financial $1,378 $12,487 $47,939 $61,804 427 Insurance carriers & related $2,848 $12,407 $66,938 $82,192 429 Funds- trusts & other finan $121 $3 $1,308 $1,432 430 Monetary authorities $3,331 $18,987 $63,736 $86,055 431 Real estate $3,798 $59,110 $80,745 $143,654 432 Rental & leasing svcs $1,479 $18,760 $29,788 $50,028 436 Lessor of nonfinance intangible assets $0 $3,443 $937 $4,381 437 Professional- scientific & tech svcs $5,080 $145,122 $440,111 $590,313 451 Management of companies $0 $104,899 $48,465 $153,364 452 Admin support svcs $1,554,996 $157,819 $139,036 $1,851,851 460 Waste mgmt & remediation svcs $245 $5,157 $9,673 $15,075 461 Educational svcs $5,118 $1,465 $60,015 $66,598 464 Ambulatory health care $26,556 $232 $370,475 $397,263 467 Hospitals $11,918 $0 $164,824 $176,742 468 Nursing & residential care $5,428 $0 $74,184 $79,612 469 Social assistance $4,335 $181 $50,749 $55,265 471 Performing arts & spectator sports $432 $6,231 $8,389 $15,052 475 Museums & similar $317 $0 $3,698 $4,015 476 Amusement- gambling & recreation $2,270 $5,349 $28,987 $36,606 479 Accommodations $974,531 $9,756 $31,108 $1,015,395 481 Food svcs & drinking places $799,451 $20,391 $151,253 $971,095 482 Repair & maintenance $5,844 $24,334 $96,144 $126,323 487 Personal & laundry svcs $3,034 $9,165 $46,348 $58,546 491 Religious- grant-making- & similar orgs $5,518 $4,769 $74,276 $84,563 494 Private households $929 $0 $10,942 $11,871 495 Government services & non NAICs $59,522 $25,977 $2,625,445 $2,710,944 Total $5,637,297 $1,242,678 $6,263,942 $13,143,917

Table H-14. Rental Income and Corporation Income Impacts (2005 $ s) (Tournament Fishing Impacts)

Industry Direct Indirect Induced Total 1 Crop Farming $241 $1,039 $4,102 $5,383 12 Livestock $28 $2,414 $2,716 $5,157 14 Forestry & Logging $1 $628 $1,189 $1,818 16 Fishing- Hunting & Trapping $7,357 $0 $0 $7,357 18 Ag & Forestry Svcs $0 $0 $0 $0 19 Oil & gas extraction $0 $0 $0 $0 20 Mining $0 $0 $4 $4 27 Mining services $0 $0 $0 $0 30 Utilities $1,720 $30,732 $47,796 $80,248 33 Construction $88 $1,168 $27,375 $28,630 46 Food products $1,043 $6,381 $8,620 $16,045 85 Beverage & Tobacco $15,766 $257 $274 $16,298 92 Textile Mills $0 $8 $22 $30 99 Textile Products $3 $9 $48 $61 104 Apparel Mfg $249 $25 $3,213 $3,488 109 Leather & Allied $1 $1 $13 $15 112 Wood Products $11 $1,010 $1,928 $2,949 124 Paper Manufacturing $1 $69 $75 $145 136 Printing & Related $440 $2,145 $1,442 $4,027 142 Petroleum & coal prod $6 $829 $148 $983 147 Chemical Manufacturing $58 $739 $1,957 $2,754 172 Plastics & rubber prod $48 $2,929 $2,838 $5,815 183 Nonmetal mineral prod $16 $728 $682 $1,426 203 Primary metal mfg $0 $28 $17 $45 224 Fabricated metal prod $3 $2,059 $735 $2,797 257 Machinery Mfg $16 $2,897 $2,097 $5,010 302 Computer & other electronics $2 $84 $270 $356 325 Electrical eqpmt & appliances $10 $640 $1,460 $2,111 344 Transportation eqpmt $64,998 $1,534 $23,822 $90,354 362 Furniture & related prod $105 $298 $2,551 $2,953 374 Miscellaneous mfg $61 $0 $953 $952 390 Wholesale Trade $3,462 $44,473 $78,441 $126,376 391 Air transportation $53 $381 $992 $1,426 392 Rail Transportation $161 $3,378 $4,585 $8,124 393 Water transportation $162 $1,174 $15,679 $17,015 394 Truck transportation $332 $5,109 $8,500 $13,940 395 Transit & ground passengers $114 $832 $2,754 $3,699 396 Pipeline transportation $0 $0 $0 $0 397 Sightseeing transportation $0 $0 $0 $0 398 Postal service $0 $0 $0 $0 399 Couriers & messengers $12 $5,183 $3,446 $8,641 400 Warehousing & storage $11 $3,907 $3,667 $7,585 401 Motor vehicle & parts dealers $2,113 $2,719 $33,369 $38,200 402 Furniture & home furnishings $537 $710 $8,490 $9,737 403 Electronics & appliances stores $121 $258 $4,037 $4,417

404 Bldg materials & garden dealers $1,228 $1,547 $19,331 $22,105 405 food & beverage stores $1,409 $1,656 $22,031 $25,096 406 Health & personal care stores $699 $1,182 $11,365 $13,247 407 Gasoline/Fuel facilities $282,868 $562 $7,740 $291,170 408 Clothing & accessories stores $939 $1,034 $14,577 $16,550 409 Sports- hobby- book & music stores $31,175 $265 $4,768 $36,209 410 Department stores $1,696 $2,606 $27,340 $31,642 411 Misc retailers $216 $455 $4,002 $4,672 412 Non-store retailers $808 $916 $12,672 $14,396 413 Publishing industries $133 $7,624 $6,159 $13,916 418 Motion picture & sound recording $89 $1,052 $1,883 $3,025 420 Broadcasting $2,696 $43,933 $68,565 $115,194 423 Internet & data process svcs $10 $794 $561 $1,365 425 Credit mediation & related $923 $26,782 $31,030 $58,735 426 Securities & other financial $0 $0 $0 $0 427 Insurance carriers & related $1,145 $6,337 $32,841 $40,324 429 Funds- trusts & other finan $0 $0 $0 $0 430 Monetary authorities $5,186 $29,556 $99,217 $133,959 431 Real estate $10,997 $171,144 $233,784 $415,925 432 Rental & leasing svcs $329 $7,979 $9,923 $18,230 436 Lessor of nonfinance intangible assets $0 $56,845 $15,475 $72,319 437 Professional- scientific & tech svcs $571 $19,520 $32,418 $52,509 451 Management of companies $0 $46,372 $21,425 $67,796 452 Admin support svcs $477,940 $17,864 $18,832 $514,636 460 Waste mgmt & remediation svcs $138 $2,894 $5,428 $8,460 461 Educational svcs $259 $117 $4,268 $4,643 464 Ambulatory health care $4,621 $30 $64,636 $69,288 467 Hospitals $100 $0 $1,386 $1,486 468 Nursing & residential care $604 $0 $8,258 $8,863 469 Social assistance $581 $0 $6,527 $7,103 471 Performing arts & spectator sports $86 $622 $1,554 $2,263 475 Museums & similar $0 $0 $0 $0 476 Amusement- gambling & recreation $900 $1,154 $10,854 $12,908 479 Accommodations $747,377 $7,476 $23,569 $778,422 481 Food svcs & drinking places $58,085 $1,482 $10,989 $70,556 482 Repair & maintenance $106 $3,101 $3,998 $7,206 487 Personal & laundry svcs $571 $985 $7,518 $9,074 491 Religious- grant-making- & similar orgs $0 $0 $0 $0 494 Private households $0 $0 $0 $0 495 Government services & non NAICs $142,532 $68,932 $772,058 $983,522 Total $1,876,370 $659,592 $1,917,288 $4,453,184

Table H-15. Government Tax and Fee Revenue Impacts (2005 $ s) (Tournament Fishing Impacts) Federal Government Corporate Profits Tax $211,479 Indirect Bus Tax: Custom Duty $47,576 Indirect Bus Tax: Excise Taxes $161,137 Indirect Bus Tax: (Fines &Fees) $50,445 Personal Tax: Income Tax $347,516 Social Ins Tax- Employee Contribution $678,395 Social Ins Tax- Employer Contribution $639,498 Subtotal $2,136,047 State/Local Government Corporate Profits Tax $21,257 Dividends $109,615 Indirect Bus Tax: Motor Vehicle License $18,987 Indirect Bus Tax: Other Taxes $141,361 Indirect Bus Tax: Property Tax $684,461 Indirect Bus Tax: (Fines &Fees) $78,492 Indirect Bus Tax: Sales Tax $579,249 Indirect Bus Tax: Severance Tax $134 Personal Tax: Income Tax $325,489 Personal Tax: Motor Vehicle License $14,876 Personal Tax: (Fines &Fees) $36,166 Personal Tax: Other Tax (Fish/Hunt) $2,706 Personal Tax: Property Taxes $5,603 Social Ins Tax- Employee Contribution $5,869 Social Ins Tax- Employer Contribution $15,952 Subtotal $2,040,217 Total $4,176,263