DOCSLIB.ORG

Dissertation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Dissertation Dissertation Baricitinib reduces inflammation and improves cell homeostasis of HGPS fibroblasts by inhibiting JAK-STAT signaling Chang Liu Fakultät für Medizin Lehrstuhl Epigenetik der Hautalterung Baricitinib reduces inflammation and improves cell homeostasis of HGPS fibroblasts by inhibiting JAK-STAT signaling Chang Liu Vollständiger Abdruck der von der Fakultät für Medizin der Technischen Universität München zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.) genehmigten Dissertation. Vorsitzende(r): Prof. Dr. Jürgen Ruland Prüfer der Dissertation: 1. Prof. Dr. Karima Djabali 2. Prof. Dr. Thomas Brück Die Dissertation wurde am 30.09.2020 bei der Technischen Universität München eingereicht und durch die Fakultät für Medizin am 16.02.2021 angenommen. Table of Contents Table of Contents Abstract ................................................................................................................................ - 5 - 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................... - 7 - 1.1. Theories of senescence ................................................................................... - 7 - 1.2. Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome .......................................................... - 8 - 1.3. The nuclear lamin protein ............................................................................. - 10 - 1.4. Lamin protein family and genetic diseases ................................................... - 14 - 1.5. Vascular disease ............................................................................................ - 17 - 1.5.1. Vascular disease in HGPS .......................................................................... - 17 - 1.5.2. Pathogenesis of vascular diseases ............................................................ - 18 - 1.5.3. Drugs for vascular diseases ...................................................................... - 20 - 1.6. Arthritis .......................................................................................................... - 21 - 1.6.1. Arthritis in HGPS ....................................................................................... - 21 - 1.6.2. Pathogenesis of arthritis ........................................................................... - 22 - 1.6.3. Drugs for arthritis ..................................................................................... - 23 - 1.7. Lipodystrophy ................................................................................................ - 24 - 1.7.1. Lipodystrophy in HGPS ............................................................................. - 24 - 1.7.2. Pathogenesis of lipodystrophy ................................................................. - 24 - 1.7.3. Drugs for lipodystrophy ............................................................................ - 25 - 1.8. Alopecia ......................................................................................................... - 26 - 1.8.1. Alopecia in HGPS ...................................................................................... - 26 - 1.8.2. Pathogenesis of alopecia .......................................................................... - 26 - 1.8.3. Drugs for alopecia..................................................................................... - 27 - 1.9. The JAK-STAT pathway ................................................................................... - 28 - 1.9.1. The JAK-STAT pathway in general ............................................................. - 28 - 1.9.2. The composition and mechanism of the JAK-STAT pathway .................... - 29 - 1.9.3. The potential connection between the JAK-STAT pathway and HGPS ..... - 30 - - I - Table of Contents 1.10. Current HGPS therapies ................................................................................. - 32 - 1.10.1. HGPS therapeutics in general ................................................................. - 32 - 1.10.2. The farnesyltransferase inhibitor (FTI) lonafarnib .................................. - 32 - 1.10.3. The autophagy-activating drugs: rapamycin and sulforaphane ............. - 34 - 1.10.4. Cholesterol biosynthesis pathway inhibitor: statins .............................. - 35 - 1.11. Baricitinib ....................................................................................................... - 35 - 1.11.1. Baricitinib in general ............................................................................... - 35 - 1.11.2. Baricitinib with four phenotypes ............................................................ - 36 - 1.11.3. Baricitinib is more suitable for HGPS patients ....................................... - 37 - 2. Aim of the Thesis ......................................................................................................... - 39 - 3. Materials and Methods ............................................................................................... - 41 - 3.1. Materials ........................................................................................................ - 41 - 3.1.1. Equipment .............................................................................................. - 41 - 3.1.2. Consumables .......................................................................................... - 42 - 3.1.3. Reagents ................................................................................................. - 43 - 3.1.4. Kits .......................................................................................................... - 44 - 3.1.5. Antibodies............................................................................................... - 45 - 3.1.6. DNA oligonucleotides ............................................................................. - 46 - 3.1.7. Cell culture media ................................................................................... - 48 - 3.1.8. Buffers .................................................................................................... - 49 - 3.2. Text mining study ........................................................................................... - 52 - 3.3. Identification of the signaling pathways ....................................................... - 54 - 3.4. STRING analysis ............................................................................................. - 55 - 3.5. Identification of the signaling pathway ......................................................... - 55 - 3.6. Cell culture and drug treatments .................................................................. - 56 - 3.7. Determination of cumulative population doubling ...................................... - 58 - 3.8. Senescence-associated β-galactosidase assay .............................................. - 58 - 3.9. Cell cytotoxicity ............................................................................................. - 59 - - II - Table of Contents 3.10. Cell cycle analysis .......................................................................................... - 60 - 3.11. Measurement of proteasome activity in fibroblasts ..................................... - 62 - 3.12. Measurement of autophagy activity in fibroblasts ....................................... - 63 - 3.13. Measurement of reactive oxygen species in fibroblasts ............................... - 64 - 3.14. Measurement of ATP in fibroblasts ............................................................... - 64 - 3.15. Gene expression analysis............................................................................... - 66 - 3.15.1. The extraction of RNA ..................................................................... - 66 - 3.15.2. The synthesis of cDNA ..................................................................... - 66 - 3.15.3. The validation of primers ................................................................ - 67 - 3.15.4. Reverse transcription PCR ............................................................... - 68 - 3.15.5. Real-time PCR .................................................................................. - 69 - 3.16. Western blot analysis .................................................................................... - 71 - 3.16.1. Sample collection for the Western blot .......................................... - 71 - 3.16.2. Protein quantification by Bradford analysis .................................... - 71 - 3.16.3. SDS-PAGE ......................................................................................... - 72 - 3.16.4. Image scanning and data analysis ................................................... - 75 - 3.17. Immunocytochemistry .................................................................................. - 76 - 3.18. Statistical analysis .......................................................................................... - 77 - 4. Results ......................................................................................................................... - 78 - 4.1. The identification of genes altered in vascular disease, arthritis, alopecia and lipodystrophy. ............................................................................................................. - 78 - 4.2. Identification of the signaling pathway ......................................................... - 91 - 4.3. Cell-based ageing model to investigate normal and premature
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Cells Growing in 3D on Poly‑D‑Lysine Or Laminin Present a Stem‑Like Phenotype and Drug Resistance
    1878 ONCOLOGY REPORTS 42: 1878-1892, 2019 Metastatic renal cell carcinoma cells growing in 3D on poly‑D‑lysine or laminin present a stem‑like phenotype and drug resistance KLAUDIA K. BRODACZEWSKA1,8, ZOFIA F. BIELECKA1,2, KAMILA MALISZEWSKA‑OLEJNICZAK1,3, CEZARY SZCZYLIK1,9, CAMILLO PORTA4,5, EWA BARTNIK6,7 and ANNA M. CZARNECKA1 1Department of Oncology with Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, 04-141 Warsaw; 2School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw; 3National Centre for Nuclear Research, 05-400 Otwock, Poland; 4Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia; 5Division of Translational Oncology, Clinical Scientific Institutes Maugeri IRCCS, I-27100 Pavia, Italy; 6Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw; 7Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02‑106 Warsaw, Poland Received January 30, 2019; Accepted July 10, 2019 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7321 Abstract. 3D spheroids are built by heterogeneous cell types cycle were found in spheroids under sunitinib treatment. We in different proliferative and metabolic states and are enriched showed that metastatic RCC 3D spheroids supported with in cancer stem cells. The main aim of the study was to investi- ECM are a useful model to determine the cancer cell growth gate the usefulness of a novel metastatic renal cell carcinoma characteristics that are not found in adherent 2D cultures. Due (RCC) 3D spheroid culture for in vitro cancer stem cell physi- to the more complex architecture, spheroids may mimic in vivo ology research and drug toxicity screening. RCC cell lines, micrometastases and may be more appropriate to investigate Caki-1 (skin metastasis derived) and ACHN (pleural effusion novel drug candidate responses, including the direct effects of derived), were efficiently cultured in growth-factor/serum tyrosine kinase inhibitor activity against RCC cells.
    [Show full text]
  • CO-TARGETING of ONCOGENIC and DEATH RECEPTORS PATHWAYS in HUMAN MELANOMA: PRE-CLINICAL RATIONALE for a PRO-APOPTOTIC and ANTI-ANGIOGENIC STRATEGY
    UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI MILANO Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale DOTTORATO DI RICERCA IN BIOTECNOLOGIE APPLICATE ALLE SCIENZE MEDICHE – CICLO XXVIII Scuola di Dottorato in Scienze Biomediche Cliniche e Sperimentali TESI DI DOTTORATO DI RICERCA CO-TARGETING OF ONCOGENIC AND DEATH RECEPTORS PATHWAYS in HUMAN MELANOMA: PRE-CLINICAL RATIONALE FOR A PRO-APOPTOTIC AND ANTI-ANGIOGENIC STRATEGY Settore BIO/13 – Biologia Applicata DOTTORANDO Dott.ssa Giulia Grazia Matr. R10098 RELATORE Prof. Carmelo Carlo-Stella CORRELATORE Dott. Andrea Anichini Anno Accademico 2014-2015 Targeting melanoma death-resistance pathways ABSTRACT 5 1. INTRODUCTION 7 1.1 METASTATIC MELANOMA 8 1.1.1 Incidence, origin and classification 8 1.1.2 Melanoma risk factors 13 1.1.3 Molecular classification of sporadic melanoma 14 1.2 ONCOGENIC SIGNALLING PATHWAYS IN MELANOMA 16 1.2.1 The Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) cascade 16 1.2.2 The PI3K-AKT-mTOR signalling pathway 18 1.3 COMMON GENETIC ALTERATIONS IN MELANOMA 20 1.4 TARGET-SPECIFIC INHIBITORS in MELANOMA 22 1.4.1 FDA- approved drugs 22 1.4.2 Compounds in pre-clinical and clinical testing 23 1.5 MECHANISMS OF RESISTANCE TO TARGET THERAPIES 26 1.5.1 Intrinsic resistance 26 1.5.2 Acquired resistance 27 1.5.3 Overcoming melanoma resistance to targeted therapies 28 1.6 TRAIL: A TUMOR-SELECTIVE, PRO-APOPTOTIC LIGAND 29 1.6.1 TRAIL receptors 29 1.6.2 TRAIL -induced signalling pathways 30 1.6.3 TRAIL: a promising anti-tumor agent 32 1.6.4 Mechanisms of resistance to TRAIL -induced apoptosis 33 1.7 ANGIOGENESIS AND ANGIOGENIC SIGNALLING PATHWAYS 35 1.7.1 TRAIL and angiogenesis 35 1.7.2 MAPK and PI3K cascades: role in angiogenesis and endothelial cell function 36 2.
    [Show full text]
  • ZFP207 Controls Pluripotency by Multiple Post-Transcriptional Mechanisms
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.02.433507; this version posted March 2, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. ZFP207 controls pluripotency by multiple post-transcriptional mechanisms Sandhya Malla1,2,3†, Devi Prasad Bhattarai1,2,3†, Dario Melguizo-Sanchis1,3, Ionut Atanasoai4, Paula Groza2,3, Ángel-Carlos Román5, Dandan Zhu6, Dung-Fang Lee6,7,8,9, Claudia Kutter4, Francesca Aguilo1,2,3* 1Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, SE-901 85, Umeå, Sweden 2Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, SE-901 85, Umeå, Sweden 3Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, SE-901 85, Umeå, Sweden 4Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Science for Life Laboratory, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden 5Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Extremadura, 06071, Badajoz, Spain 6Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA 7Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA 8The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA 9Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA *Correspondence to: [email protected] †These authors contributed equally to this work Malla et.
    [Show full text]
  • Non-Tumorigenic Pluripotent Reparative Muse Cells Provide a New Therapeutic Approach for Neurologic Diseases
    cells Review Non-Tumorigenic Pluripotent Reparative Muse Cells Provide a New Therapeutic Approach for Neurologic Diseases Toru Yamashita 1, Yoshihiro Kushida 2, Koji Abe 1 and Mari Dezawa 2,* 1 Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; [email protected] (T.Y.); [email protected] (K.A.) 2 Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +81-22-717-8025; Fax: +81-22-717-8030 Abstract: Muse cells are non-tumorigenic endogenous reparative pluripotent cells with high thera- peutic potential. They are identified as cells positive for the pluripotent surface marker SSEA-3 in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, and connective tissue. Muse cells also express other pluripotent stem cell markers, are able to differentiate into cells representative of all three germ layers, self-renew from a single cell, and are stress tolerant. They express receptors for sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), which is actively produced by damaged cells, allowing circulating cells to selectively home to damaged tissue. Muse cells spontaneously differentiate on-site into multiple tissue-constituent cells with few errors and replace damaged/apoptotic cells with functional cells, thereby contributing to tissue repair. Intravenous injection of exogenous Muse cells to increase the number of circulating Muse cells enhances their reparative activity. Muse cells also have a specific immunomodulatory system, represented by HLA-G expression, allowing them to be directly administered without HLA- matching or immunosuppressant treatment. Owing to these unique characteristics, clinical trials Citation: Yamashita, T.; Kushida, Y.; using intravenously administered donor-Muse cells have been conducted for myocardial infarction, Abe, K.; Dezawa, M.
    [Show full text]
  • RHNO1 Bidirectional Genes in Cancer
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Co-regulation and function of FOXM1/ RHNO1 bidirectional genes in cancer Carter J Barger1, Linda Chee1, Mustafa Albahrani1, Catalina Munoz-Trujillo1, Lidia Boghean1, Connor Branick1, Kunle Odunsi2, Ronny Drapkin3, Lee Zou4, Adam R Karpf1* 1Eppley Institute for Cancer Research and Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, United States; 2Departments of Gynecologic Oncology, Immunology, and Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, United States; 3Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, United States; 4Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, United States Abstract The FOXM1 transcription factor is an oncoprotein and a top biomarker of poor prognosis in human cancer. Overexpression and activation of FOXM1 is frequent in high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC), the most common and lethal form of human ovarian cancer, and is linked to copy number gains at chromosome 12p13.33. We show that FOXM1 is co-amplified and co- expressed with RHNO1, a gene involved in the ATR-Chk1 signaling pathway that functions in the DNA replication stress response. We demonstrate that FOXM1 and RHNO1 are head-to-head (i.e., bidirectional) genes (BDG) regulated by a bidirectional promoter (BDP) (named F/R-BDP). FOXM1 and RHNO1 each promote oncogenic phenotypes in HGSC cells, including clonogenic growth, DNA homologous recombination repair, and poly-ADP ribosylase inhibitor resistance. FOXM1 and RHNO1 are one of the first examples of oncogenic BDG, and therapeutic targeting of FOXM1/ RHNO1 BDG is a potential therapeutic approach for ovarian and other cancers. *For correspondence: [email protected] Introduction Competing interests: The The forkhead/winged helix domain transcription factor FOXM1 promotes cancer by transactivating authors declare that no genes with oncogenic potential (Halasi and Gartel, 2013a; Kalathil et al., 2020).
    [Show full text]
  • Protocols for Isolation and Evaluation of Muse Cells
    Protocols for isolation and evaluation of Muse cells Table of Contents Be sure to read the following comments because these are important issues influencing the Muse cell yield. 1) Materials: 1-1) Commercial culture cells as a source for Muse cells 1-2) Reagents, instruments and equipment 2) Cell culture: 2-1) Culture medium 2-2) Serum lot check 2-3) Thawing frozen cells 2-4) Subculture of mesenchymal stem cells (example of a 10-cm dish scale culture) 2-5) Cryopreservation of the cells for making stocks 3) Procedures for labeling Muse cells with SSEA-3: 3-1) Preparation of secondary antibodies 3-2) Preparation of FACS buffer 3-3) Preparation of mesenchymal stem cells for Muse cell collection 3-4) Staining with primary antibodies 3-5) Staining with secondary antibodies 4) Analysis of SSEA-3-positivity and the procedure for collecting Muse cells 4-1) Gate setting and data acquisition 4-2) Muse cell sorting 5) Poly-HEMA coating of wells and dishes 6) Bulk production of Muse cell derived-clusters by using methylcellulose gel 7) Generation of Muse cell-clusters in single cell-suspension culture 8) Evaluation of pluripotency of Muse cell-clusters: Alkaline phosphatase reaction 9) Evaluation of pluripotency of Muse cell-clusters: Gelatin culture for trilineage differentiation [Flowchart of Muse cell collection] : Muse cell (SSEA-3 positive) Mesenchymal stem cell 1. Preparation of cell suspension Detachment Adhesion culture Cell suspension Anti-SSEA-3 SSEA-3 Anti-SSEA-3 (Rat, IgM) 2. Muse cell staining with anti-SSEA-3 antibody (primary antibody) Plasma Intracellular membrane Staining of cell suspensions Figure: Staining image of SSEA-3 Secondary Secondary SSEA-3 Anti-SSEA-3 antibody antibody 3.
    [Show full text]
  • (Muse) Cells, Distinct Stem Cells in Human Fibroblasts
    ORIGINAL ARTICLE Functional Melanocytes Are Readily Reprogrammable from Multilineage-Differentiating Stress-Enduring (Muse) Cells, Distinct Stem Cells in Human Fibroblasts Kenichiro Tsuchiyama1,2, Shohei Wakao2, Yasumasa Kuroda3, Fumitaka Ogura2, Makoto Nojima2, Natsue Sawaya1, Kenshi Yamasaki1,SetsuyaAiba1 and Mari Dezawa2,3 The induction of melanocytes from easily accessible stem cells has attracted attention for the treatment of melanocyte dysfunctions. We found that multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells, a distinct stem cell type among human dermal fibroblasts, can be readily reprogrammed into functional melanocytes, whereas the remainder of the fibroblasts do not contribute to melanocyte differentiation. Muse cells can be isolated as cells positive for stage-specific embryonic antigen-3, a marker for undifferentiated human embryonic stem cells, and differentiate into cells representative of all three germ layers from a single cell, while also being nontumorigenic. The use of certain combinations of factors induces Muse cells to express melanocyte markers such as tyrosinase and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor and to show positivity for the 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine reaction. When Muse cell–derived melanocytes were incorporated into three- dimensional (3D) cultured skin models, they localized themselves in the basal layer of the epidermis and produced melanin in the same manner as authentic melanocytes. They also maintained their melanin production even after the 3D cultured skin was transplanted to immunodeficient mice. This technique may be applicable to the efficient production of melanocytes from accessible human fibroblasts by using Muse cells, thereby contributing to autologous transplantation for melanocyte dysfunctions, such as vitiligo. Journal of Investigative Dermatology (2013) 133, 2425–2435; doi:10.1038/jid.2013.172; published online 16 May 2013 INTRODUCTION increase the risk of skin cancers due to incomplete protection Melanocytes produce melanin and deliver them to neighbor- from UV rays (Mabula et al., 2012).
    [Show full text]
  • Muse Cells): a Seven-Year Retrospective Samantha C
    Fisch et al. Stem Cell Research & Therapy (2017) 8:227 DOI 10.1186/s13287-017-0674-3 REVIEW Open Access Pluripotent nontumorigenic multilineage differentiating stress enduring cells (Muse cells): a seven-year retrospective Samantha C. Fisch1, María L. Gimeno2, Julia D. Phan1, Ariel A. Simerman1, Daniel A. Dumesic1, Marcelo J. Perone2 and Gregorio D. Chazenbalk1* Abstract Multilineage differentiating stress enduring (Muse) cells, discovered in the spring of 2010 at Tohoku University in Sendai, Japan, were quickly recognized by scientists as a possible source of pluripotent cells naturally present within mesenchymal tissues. Muse cells normally exist in a quiescent state, singularly activated by severe cellular stress in vitro and in vivo. Muse cells have the capacity for self-renewal while maintaining pluripotent cell characteristics indicated by the expression of pluripotent stem cell markers. Muse cells differentiate into cells representative of all three germ cell layers both spontaneously and under media-specific induction. In contrast to embryonic stem and induced pluripotent stem cells, Muse cells exhibit low telomerase activity, a normal karyotype, and do not undergo tumorigenesis once implanted in SCID mice. Muse cells efficiently home into damaged tissues and differentiate into specific cells leading to tissue regeneration and functional recovery as described in different animal disease models (i.e., fulminant hepatitis, muscle degeneration, skin ulcers, liver cirrhosis, cerebral stroke, vitiligo, and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis). Circulating Muse cells have been detected in peripheral blood, with higher levels present in stroke patients during the acute phase. Furthermore, Muse cells have inherent immunomodulatory properties, which could contribute to tissue generation and functional repair in vivo.
    [Show full text]
  • S41598-020-76824-6.Pdf
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Acetylsalicylic acid and salicylic acid present anticancer properties against melanoma by promoting nitric oxide‑dependent endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis Priscila Ausina1, Jessica R. Branco2, Thainá M. Demaria1, Amanda M. Esteves2, João Gabriel B. Leandro1, Alan C. Ochioni2, Ana Paula M. Mendonça3, Fernando L. Palhano 3, Marcus F. Oliveira 3, Wassim Abou‑Kheir 4, Mauro Sola‑Penna 1 & Patricia Zancan 2* Melanoma is the most aggressive and fatal type of skin cancer due to being highly proliferative. Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA; Aspirin) and salicylic acid (SA) are ancient drugs with multiple applications in medicine. Here, we showed that ASA and SA present anticancer efects against a murine model of implanted melanoma. These efects were also validated in 3D‑ and 2D‑cultured melanoma B16F10 cells, where the drugs promoted pro‑apoptotic efects. In both in vivo and in vitro models, SA and ASA triggered endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which culminates with the upregulation of the pro‑apoptotic transcription factor C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP). These efects are initiated by ASA/SA‑triggered Akt/mTOR/AMPK‑dependent activation of nitric oxide synthase 3 (eNOS), which increases nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species production inducing ER stress response. In the end, we propose that ASA and SA instigate anticancer efects by a novel mechanism, the activation of ER stress. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a physiological condition where the ER activates a series of reactions in response to protein accumulation, protein misfolding, or other stress signals, namely unfolded protein response (UPR), aiming to achieve intracellular protein homeostasis and, ultimately, survival1,2.
    [Show full text]
  • MUSE Stem Cells Can Be Isolated from Stromal Compartment
    cells Article MUSE Stem Cells Can Be Isolated from Stromal Compartment of Mouse Bone Marrow, Adipose Tissue, and Ear Connective Tissue: A Comparative Study of Their In Vitro Properties Domenico Aprile 1 , Nicola Alessio 1 , Ibrahim H. Demirsoy 1 , Tiziana Squillaro 1, Gianfranco Peluso 2, Giovanni Di Bernardo 1,3 and Umberto Galderisi 1,3,4,* 1 Department of Experimental Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli Campania University, 80138 Naples, Italy; [email protected] (D.A.); [email protected] (N.A.); [email protected] (I.H.D.); [email protected] (T.S.); [email protected] (G.D.B.) 2 Research Institute on Ecosystems (IRET), CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy; [email protected] 3 Center for Biotechnology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA 4 Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Erciyes University, 38280 Kayseri, Turkey * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +39-081-566-7858 Abstract: The cells present in the stromal compartment of many tissues are a heterogeneous popu- lation containing stem cells, progenitor cells, fibroblasts, and other stromal cells. A SSEA3(+) cell subpopulation isolated from human stromal compartments showed stem cell properties. These cells, known as multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (MUSE) cells, are capable of resisting Citation: Aprile, D.; Alessio, N.; stress and possess an excellent ability to repair DNA damage. We isolated MUSE cells from different Demirsoy, I.H.; Squillaro, T.; Peluso, mouse stromal compartments, such as those present in bone marrow, subcutaneous white adipose G.; Di Bernardo, G.; Galderisi, U. MUSE Stem Cells Can Be Isolated tissue, and ear connective tissue.
    [Show full text]
  • Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Inhibits -Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone-Induced Melanogenesis Through GABAA and GABAB Receptors
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences Article Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Inhibits α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone-Induced Melanogenesis through GABAA and GABAB Receptors Ilandarage Menu Neelaka Molagoda 1,2 , Mirissa Hewage Dumindu Kavinda 1,2, Hyung Won Ryu 3 , Yung Hyun Choi 4 , Jin-Woo Jeong 5 , Sanghyuck Kang 6 and Gi-Young Kim 1,2,* 1 Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; [email protected] (I.M.N.M.); [email protected] (M.H.D.K.) 2 Research Institute for Basic Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea 3 Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju 28116, Korea; [email protected] 4 Department of Biochemistry, College of Oriental Medicine, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47227, Korea; [email protected] 5 Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju 37242, Korea; [email protected] 6 Korea Beauty Industry Development Institute, Jeju 63243, Korea; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +82-64-756-3427 Abstract: Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is considered the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the human cortex. However, whether GABA regulates melanogenesis has not been comprehen- sively elucidated. In this study, we reveal that GABA (20 mM) significantly inhibited α-melanocyte- Citation: Molagoda, I.M.N.; stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-induced extracellular (from 354.9% ± 28.4% to 126.5% ± 16.0%) and Kavinda, M.H.D.; Ryu, H.W.; Choi, intracellular melanin contents (from 236.7% ± 11.1% to 102.7% ± 23.1%) in B16F10 melanoma cells, Y.H.; Jeong, J.-W.; Kang, S.; Kim, G.-Y.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Article (PDF)
    Turkish Journal of Biochemistry, 2020 18-20 December 2020 XXXI. National Congress of the Turkish Biochemical Society 2020 for many years in clinical laboratories to “Define the range of values at which ORAL PRESENTATIONS ABSTRACTS the actual value of the measurement result can be found”. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the measurement uncertainty of tumor markers, which have an important place in the follow-up of diseases and help the clinician in the diagnosis and prognosis stages. MATERIALS and METHODS: Measurement uncertainty was determined OP-001 for CEA, CA15-3, CA19-9, CA125, AFP, B-HCG, Total PSA and Free PSA THE COMPARISON OF SIGMA VALUES CALCULATED ACCORDING parameters measured in the laboratory of our hospital. For the study, the internal TO DIFFERENT %TEA STANDARDS OF URINE BIOCHEMISTRY quality control results for the dates 01.03.2020-31.08.2020 and the six-month TESTS AND EVALUATION OF ANALYTICAL STAGE external quality control results (RIQAS) obtained within the said date range were used. AFP test was analyzed with Beckman Coulter DXI 800 device and other Ugur Ercin tests were analyzed with Roche Cobas 8000 device. Nordtest method was used to Ufuk University Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Ridvan Ege Hospital, Medical determine the measurement uncertainty. Biochemistry Department, Ankara,Turkey RESULTS: As a result of our analysis, expanded measurement uncertainty values for first and second level control values were found to be 11.81 and 10.92 for OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to compare the sigma values CEA, 23.39 and 23.17 for CA125, 17.30 and 15.79 for CA15-3, 21.50 and 21.02 calculated according to different %TEa (Total allowable error) standards of urine for CA19-9, 21.02 and 19.13 for B-HCG, 23.58 and 23.60 for Total PSA, 11.92 biochemistry tests consisting of Creatinine-U and Protein-U and to improve and 12.12 for Free PSA, 21.62 ve 20.53 for AFP respectively.
    [Show full text]