Selected Filmography of Moroccan Films: 1999–2008
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Selected Filmography of Moroccan Films: 1999–2008 1999 Mabrouk, Driss Chouika Ruses de femmes (Women’s Wiles), Farida Benlyazid Ali Zaoua, Nabyl Ayouch 2000 Yacout, Jamal Belmajdoub Du Paradis à l’enfer (From Paradise to Hell), Said Souda Tresses (Braids), Jillali Ferhati Jugement d’une femme (A Woman’s Decision), Hassan Benjelloun Soif (Thirst), Saâd Chraïbi Elle est diabétique, hypertendue et elle refuse de crever (She’s Diabetic, Hypertensive and She Refuses to Die), Hakim Noury Histoire d’une rose (A Story of a Rose), Abdelmajid R’chich Ali, Rabia et les autres (Ali Rabia and the Others), Ahmed Boulane L’Homme qui brodait des secrets (The Man Who Embroidered Secrets), Omar Chraïbi Amour sans visa (Love without a Visa), Najib Sefrioui 2001 Le Cheval de vent (Wind Horse), Daoud Aoulad Syad Les Années de l’exil (Years of Exile), Nabyl Lahlou Les Lèvres du silence (Lips of Silence), Hassan Benjelloun Les Amours de Hadj Mokhtar Soldi (The Love Affairs of Hadj Mokhtar Soldi), Mustapha Derkaoui Mona Saber, Abdelhai Laraki Au-delà de Gibraltar (Beyond Gibraltar), Taylan Barnan and Mourad Boucif 232 Filmography 2002 Histoire d’amour (Story of Love), Hakim Noury Une Minute de Soleil en Moins (One Less Minute of Silence), Nabil Ayouch Casablanca, Farida Benlyazid Et Après . (And After . .), Mohamed Ismaïl Les Amants de Mogador (The Lovers of Mogador), Souheil Ben Barka Le Paradis des Pauvres (Paradise of the Poor), Imane Mesbahi Le Pote (The Mate), Hassan Benjelloun Les Yeux secs (Dry Eyes), Narjiss Nejjar 2003 Rahma, Omar Chraïbi Mille Mois (A Thousand Months), Faouzi Bensaïdi Face à face (Face to Face), Abdelkader Lagtaa Les Voisines d’Abou Moussa (The Women Neighbors of Abou Moussa), Abderrahmane Tazi Casablanca by Night, Mustapha Derkaoui Les fibres de l’âme, Hakim Belabbes Jawhara, Saâd Chraïbi Réveil (Waking), Mohamed Zineddine Parabole (Satellite Dish), Narjiss Nejjar 2004 Les Bandits (Crooks), Said Naciri La Chambre noire (The Dark Room), Hassan Benjelloun Casablanca Day Light, Mustafa Derkaoui Casablanca, Les Anges ne volent pas (In Casablanca, Angels Do Not Fly), Mohamed Asli Mémoire en detention (Memory in Detention), Jillali Ferhati L’Enfant endormi (The Sleeping Child), Yasmine Kassari Tarfaya, Daoud Oulad Syad Tenja, Hassan Lagzouli Le Grand Voyage (The Long Journey), Ismaïl Ferroukhi Le Regard (The Look), Noureddine Lakhmari Ici et là (Here and There), Mohamed Ismaïl 2005 J’ai vu tuer Ben Barka (I Saw Ben Barka Get Killed), Serge Le Péron and Saïd Smihi Le Gosse de Tanger (The Boy of Tangiers), Moumen Smihi Filmography 233 Juanita de Tanger (Juanita of Tangiers), Farida Benlyazid Marock, Laïla Marrakchi Symphonie Marocaine (Moroccan Symphony), Kamal Kamal Les Portes du Paradis (Heaven’s Doors), Sohael and Imad Noury 2006 Tabite or Not Tabite, Nabyl Lahlou 2007 En Attendant Pasolini (Waiting for Pasolini), Daoud Oulad Syad Casa Negra (Black House), Noureddine Lakhmari Les Anges de Satan (Satan’s Angels), Ahmed Boulane Où vas-tu Moshé? (Where are you going Moshé?), Hassan Benjelloun Wake Up Morocco!, Narjiss Nejjar 2008 Whatever Lola Wants, Lola Gets, Nabyl Ayouch Notes Preface 1. The exact date that marked the beginning of the Lead Years is debated. Most agree that the most repressive years of King Hassan II’s reign began immedi- ately following the coups d’état of 1971 and 1973. 2. From here on, all translations, except where indicated, are my own. 3. El Maleh spoke at the Colloquium on Moroccan Writing at the Bibliothèque Nationale, February 3, 2007, Rabat, Morocco. For an interesting article on why French seems to be loosing ground in popularity in Morocco, see “L’agonie de la langue française au Maroc,” La Gazette du Maroc, February 9, 2004. http://www.mafhoum.com/press6/181C32.htm. 4. Colloquium, February 3, 2007, Rabat, Morocco. 5. Colloquium, February 3, 2007. 6. Rida Lamrini speaking at a literary roundtable sponsored by Marsam Editions, at the annual Salon du Livre (Book Conference), February 11, 2007, Casablanca, Morocco. 7. M’hamed Alaoui Abdalaoui estimates the number of French speakers in the Maghreb to be twenty million. Therefore, the importance of francophone readership is significant. (See “The Moroccan Novel in French,” Research in African Literatures [Winter 1992]: 9–13, 22). 8. Librairie Livre Service (a play on words in French, referring to “libre ser- vice” or “help yourself,” in the sense that “you’re free to browse.” “Libre” is, of course, replaced with “Livre,” which means book). They have two email addresses: [email protected] (Casablanca) and [email protected] (Rabat). 9. The Moudawana of 2004 basically brought women out of the dark ages as far as granting them rights to divorce and access to the judicial system. There have been several Moudawanas in the past, but the 2004 legislation has gone the farthest in granting rights to women under the law. Specifically it raised the marriage age to eighteen (for both men and women), granted women the right to contract their own marriages (no father, brother, or other male fam- ily member need be involved), granted equal authority in the family to men and women, granted greater financial rights (women have new rights to assets acquired by marriage) in cases of divorce or husband’s death, established judi- cial divorce (men must go to court), and stipulated that verbal repudiation 236 Notes is no longer valid. Polygamy was not abolished, but now requires a judge’s authorization. Women can specify in their marriage contracts that polyg- amy is not an option for their future husbands. Divorce is now a prerog- ative that can be exercised as much by the husband as by the wife. Men and women are now equally protected under the law; however the 2004 reform did not address inheritance law, which is still based on Shari’a directives (meaning that women can only inherit two-thirds of what a man can). Introduction: Enunciating the Unsaid and the Historically “Inconceivable” in the Words of Contemporary Francophone Morocco 1. Rida Lamrini told to me that Yasmina is imaginary, simply a fictitious muse. Interview, January 18, 2007, Rabat, Morocco. 2. L’Institut Français de Rabat (French Institute of Rabat) and L’Association Marocaine des Enseignants de Français (AMEF) (Moroccan Association of Teachers of French), Round Table with Rida Lamrini, February 24, 2007, Rabat, Morocco. 3. According to Lamrini’s Y a-t-il un avenir au Maroc, in 2004 Morocco scored 125th out of 177 countries on the human development scale. Cited as causes for the low score were low economic performance primarily due, as Lamrini acidly points out, to a “lack of political will” to change (21). 4. It is widely believed that outside Islamic interests from countries in the Middle East and Gulf were responsible for influencing Mohamed VI’s government’s decision to put on trial the journalists writing for Nichane. 5. General Lyautey was a career colonial officer. He dedicated his life’s mission to securing Morocco for French interests. His policy for contact with indig- enous people relied on a “divide and conquer” method of operation wherein tribesmen were kept at bay in order to maintain French domination in the country. 6. Marabouts are traditional holy men and women who are responsible for healing and providing talismans. The Marabout is still, today, a popular figure in literature and does still exist in traditional villages across Morocco and other regions in Africa. 7. The halqua figures prominently in Moroccan literature. The best example is Tahar Ben Jelloun’s L’enfant de sable (The Sand Child, 1985) and its sequel La nuit sacrée (Sacred Night, 1987) wherein the storyteller is both master and manipulator of the story of the novels. Ben Jelloun uses the halqua’s storyteller to fragment his own story, metaphorically representing the frag- mentation of the author’s own identity. 8. Driss Chraïbi died suddenly on Tuesday, April 3, 2007, at the age of eighty. Notes 237 9. The region is also known as the Levant, which includes the countries of Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, and Egypt. 10. The Paris review inspired the Moroccan TelQuel, sold weekly throughout Morocco. 11. Oulehri thinks that there are only about 1,550–2,000 people who read each francophone novel that is published in Morocco. This is why print runs are paltry and books are often unavailable after a first printing. Interview, January 17, 2007, Rabat, Morocco. 12. Interview with Oulehri, January 17, 2007, Rabat, Morocco. 13. Rita El Khayat introducing the poet Amina Benmansour, poetry reading, Librairie Kalila wa Dimna, January 24, 2007, Rabat, Morocco. 14. Interview with Rachid Chraïbi, editor in chief of Marsam Editions, January 29, 2007, Rabat, Morocco. 15. See the preface, note 9. 16. Interview with Rachid Chraïbi, editor, Marsam Editions, January 29, 2007, Rabat, Morocco. 17. Interview with Rida Lamrini, January 18, 2007, Rabat, Morocco. 18. It is estimated that during the years 1963–1973 alone, thirteen thousand people “went missing” in Morocco. For a comprehensive study, see Susan Slyomovics, The Performance of Human Rights in Morocco (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2005). 19. Interview with Touria Oulehri, January 17, 2007, Rabat, Morocco. 20. Interview with Rida Lamrini, January 18, 2007, Rabat, Morocco. 21. Premiere of Les Anges de Satan, February 28, 2007, Casablanca, Morocco. 1 The Power of Engagement: Writing in/on the Front Lines of Politics and Culture in the New Morocco 1. Interview with Abdelkébir Khatibi, February 14, 2007, Rabat, Morocco. 2. Interview with Abdelkébir Khatibi, February 14, 2007, Rabat, Morocco. 3. Interview, January 18, 2007, Rabat, Morocco. 4. Interview with Touria Oulehri, January 17, 2007, Rabat, Morocco. 5. Interview, January 17, 2007. 6. This is certainly the case in light of the suicide bombings in Casablanca dur- ing the spring of 2007 by Islamic fundamentalists.