DIRECTORY.] . TRENTHAM. 403 found here. An ancient hexagonal stone cross, 18 feet Ionic, and Corinthian orders : the stables are built in a in height, brought here in 1803 from a mansion in South Ciescent shape. The Hall i;; leased by Waiter C. T. Wales, stands in the village; it bears on each face the Mynors esq. of Little , and occupied by Capt. the date IJJ6. Two stone seats were placed in r86o on the Hon. Geo. A. Anson D.L. At Tixall Heath, on the zrst road to as memorials to Thomas Hartshorne esq. .Tune, 1494, Sir William Chetwynd, gentleman-usher to The and Talbot is the lord of the Henry VII., i:Jy the connivance of Sir Humphrey Stanley, manor and owner of the land, as well as of Tixall Hall, of Pipe, who was jealous of his influence, was formerly the seat of the Aston family of Heywood and treacherously attacked and slain by a body of about 20 Barons Aston of FOI'far (1627): it is a handsome mansion in persons, seven of whom belonged to Stanley's own the classic style, erected in 1782-7 by the Hon. Thos. Clif­ family. The soil is loam and gravel; subsoil, rock and ford, who married Barbara, daughter of James, fifth Lord sandstone. The chief crops are oats, barley and tur­ Aston: many additions have since been made and the front nips. The area is 2,369 acres, inclusivE' of 57 of water; ornamented with a Doric portico: the park contains about rateable value, £3,822; the population in 1901 was r87. 230 acres of beautifully undulating and well-timbered Brancote, a hamlet, is I mile south-west. land, and the canal which runs in front of the hall was Parish Oltjrk, Robert Belcher. widened at this point by Mr. Clifford, S() as' to form an extensive lake: the grounds were also laid out under the Post Office. Eli Snooks, sub-postmaster. Letters direction of the famous Lancelot (Capability) Browne: through Stafford arrive at 5 a. m. ; delivered 6.30 a. m.; in front of the Hall is a magnificent gateway of Eliza­ dispatched at 9.40 p.m. ; sundays 9.30 p.m. Postal bethan date, erected in 1580 by Sir Waiter Aston, and orders are issued & paid here. Milford is the nearest forming a rectangular structure ,with turrets at the money order & telegraph office, 2 miles distant angles: it is three storeys in height, the windows in each The small number of children in the parish now attend storey being separated by coupled columns of the Tuscan, Haywood school • Anson Capt. the Hon. George A. COMMERCIAL. Johnson Geo. farmer, Up. Hanyards Tixall hall D.L Dodd Samuel, farmer, Tixall heath Staffordshire & Worcestershire Oanal Baker Francis, Tixall cottage felthouse John Thomas, farmer, Co. (Alfred Cash, lock keeper) Howe William, Tixall villa Lower Hanyards Stretton Thos. farmer, steam plough M~·nors W. Towers, Berry hill Griffin Harvey, farmer, Locks farm & threshing machine owner, Tixall Nesbitt Frederick J. Tixall lodge Haydon James, farmer, Dog kennels farm Robinson Waiter, Ivy cottage Holland & Sons, farmers, Brancote Stretton W alter George, agricultural Vincent Rev. Craven Jervis, Rectory Hunt W.illiam, market gardener implement maker & smith • TRENTHAM with HANCHURCH. TRENTHAM is an extensive , comprising the poor of Trentham, and, as an extension of this charity, . chapelry of lHurton and the townships of Butterton, Ran­ the Duke of Sutherland distributes in bread 30 loaves church, Hanford and Trentham; in the North Western every Sunday. Lady Katharine Leveson, in 1670, be­ division of the county, Northern division of Pirehill hun­ queathed a sum of £4oo to buy land, producing an dred, North Pirehill petty sessional division, Stone union annual income of {,2o for teaching poor children; this and Stoke-on-Trent county court district, rural deanery sum is now applied towards the support of a boys' school: of Trentham, archdeaconry ()f Stoke-on-'l'rent and diocese the same lady also left an annuity, commonly called of Lichfield. The village of Trentham is pleasantly seated the Foxly charity, of £2o for apprenticing two pool" on the road from Stoke to Newcastle-under-Lyme, with a ·boys of Trentham, and £3o a year for clothing and station I mile east from the village on the Colwich and maintaining three poGr widows : four widows of the Stoke section of the North Staffordshire railway, about parish receive £2o r6s. annually, as pensioners of the­ 4 miles south-south-east from Newcastle-under-Lyme and Temple Balsall Hospital, near Birmingham, founded by 5 north-north-west from Stone. The Trent and Mersey Lady Katharine Leveson : there is also a sum invested canal passes through the parish. The church of St. Mary in the names of the Charity Commissioners for tlie benefit and All Saints, which adjoins Trentham Hall, and was re­ of the poor of Trentham proper, which yields £6 ss. an­ built in 1844 by George, second Duke of Sutherland, is nually. an edifice of stone in the Early English style, consisting Trentharn Hall, the seat of the Duke of Sutherland of chancel, nave and aisles : the tower was removed in K.G., is a mansion in the Italian style, delightfully 1752, and in 1767 the bells were sold t() the parish of Wol­ seated on the banks of the , and was con­ stanton and are now in the tower of that church: in siderably enlarged and beautified under the direction 1894 a fine organ was presented to the church by the Duke of the late Sir Charles Earry, who refaced the exterior,. of Sutherland, at a cost of £I,ooo: on the north side, crowned it with balustrades and vases, and added a fine­ near the chancel, ill a memorial window to the Rev. Thomas belvedere tower roo feet• high: the pleasure grounds and Butt M.A. late vicar, erected in 1844 by his widow: gardens are extensive and laid out in the most tasteful there is also a monument to Harriet Elizabeth Georgiana, style : at some distance from the front of the hall is a late Duchess of Sutherland and Mistress of the Robes to beautiful sheet of water, which, together with the woody· Queen Victoria, who died 27th October, 1868, consisting of hills behind it, produces a picturesque effect: the park•. a recumbent effigy in Carrara marble, resting on an altar­ which extends over soo acres, is pleasantly undulating' oomb principally of Sicilian marble: in the early part of and well stocked with deer. the reign of Oharles I. the interior of the church wall A nunnery was founded here about the latter part of the' rest~red and beautified by the erection of a rich chancel 7th century, to which St. Werburg, daughter of Wolphere, screen: during the civil war which. followed soldiers were the first Christian king of Mercia, was appointed abbess probably quartered within the building, as the marks of by her brother, King Ethelred, and here she died in 683: bullets are still visible on the Royal Arms, which were in the reign of Henry I. the nunnery was converted by originally placed over the centre of the screen: there is a Ranulph de Meschines, Earl of Chester, into a convent of brass, with effigy in armour, to Sir Richard Leves('n. Austin canons and dedicated t<> St. Mary and All Saints : l\night, of Lylleshall, 1559, and to Mary (Fyton) his wife, at the dissolution of all religious houses whose in('ome was 1591, and several children: the church affords 400 sit­ under £200 yearly, in the reign of Henry VIII. the annual tings : the churchyard is now disused as a burial ground, value was returned at £106 2s. gd. ; and in 1539 it wa& ~ new one having been formed in 1807 in the village, in sold to Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk, and afterwa:rd&.. the centre of which, fronting the high road, stands a fine came into the possession of the Levesons. Trenthall1: pyramidal mausoleum of stone, erected in 1807 by the hotel, the property of the Duke of Sutherland, was built second Marquess of Stafford as the burial place of his by the late Duke in 1867; it is well fitted and appointed family. The registers date from 1558. The living is a and has spacious dining rooms, suitable for clubs and! vicarage, net yearly value £,2oo, with residence, in the picnics : attached are large gardens with spacious lawn& gift of the Duke of Sutherland, and held since 1885 by and a bowling green, and good loose boxes and stabling for­ the Rev. Edmund Vincent Pigott M.A. of Corpus Christi hunters &c. Trentham Ley is a large expanse of pasture. college, Cam bridge, rural dean of Trentham, and surro­ land, used as the ground of the Trentham Golf Club ; it ia gate. The Wesleyan chapel and Sunday school at Hem the property of the Duke of Sutherland, who is lord of the Heath were erected in 1883: the former will seat 120 manor and principal landowner. The soil is clay; sub­ persons. The Institute, a handsome building, erected in soil, gravelly. The chief crops are principally grass ; 1894 by the Duke of Sutherland f()r the benefit of the wheat, oats and ibarley are grown. The area of the parish • villagers, contains billiard, reading and class rooms, a is 6,260 acres, inclusive of 127 of water; Tateable value, gymnasium and a refreshment bar, the latter being open [18,697; the population in 1901 was 2,827; the popula­ also to the general public. In r66o Sir Richard Leveson tion of the ecclesiastical parish, St. :Mary and All Saints, left a yearly .rent-charge of £5 to be distributed to the was r,033· STAffS. 26"' •