482 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE January 20 eoncerning the speech by Sena:t;or GoRE, I investigated by AEC engineers, has been dis­ record, and the· plant has been located at promised to send you a factual account of cussed by them with representatives of the what the Corps of Engineers feel 1s a safe the incident to which he referred. Corps of Engineers' office, Memphis district. place." The Washington Daily News on Friday They concluded, after reviewing all available In this quotation, an obvious slip of the published an article which was advertised data, that the site selected by MVGC is tongue was recognized as such by all except by a front page headline in its early issue adequately protected from Mississippi River one or two of the fifty-six reporters present ..How Admiral Strauss Doctored History." floods by the Corps of Engineers project since in reporting the news conference they This article, in disregard of the facts, alleged levee." naturally relied on the prepared statement. that I caused the transcript of a news con­ · The precise and factual account of the I left town following the news conference ference which I held on December 17 to be role of the Corps of Engineers was given to but in my absence the Public Information falsified for some improper reason. I am the reporters not only in my formal state­ Division of the Commission corrected the informed the headline was withdrawn in ment but also in two of the supplemental stenographic transcript for grammatical later editions. documents which accompanied the state­ errors, et cetera, and in the course of this The news conference was called for the ment: ( 1) a reproduction of a drawing of process the transcript was conformed to the purpose of explaining, in an orderly, detailed, the site which carried an inserted legend of text of the formal statement. This was comprehensive manner, the origin and pro­ explanation, and (2) a statement as to the . done in order to eliminate anything that visions of the Mississippi Valley Generating manner in which the site was selected, in­ might appear to be a contradiction. Any Co. contract in order to put into proper per­ cluding discussions which were held among person speaking ad libitum, whether he be spective the misunderstandings which have AEC engineers, engineers of the sponsoring a Member of Congress, a witness before a been current concerning it. Each reporter companies, and the Corps of Engineers. committee, or a person ·conducting a news who entered the conference room was given After the 56 reporters attending the conference, is entitled to the assurance that a formal, written statement of 36 pages, bear­ conference had received my formal state­ the intent of his statements will be clearly ing my name; also reproductions of the ment, I turned to a large reproduction of reflected in a simultaneously presented charts, graphs, and tabulations dealing with the site drawing which had been affixed to written record. the subject which were exhibited during the the wall ar.d mentioned again how the site These facts as I have state · ~ . them were conference. had been chosen but this was only a pass­ ignored in the newspaper articl-e and which In my formal statement, pages 10 and 11, ing reference, ad lib, since the subject had purported to show that I had "doctored his­ I discussed the manner in which the site at been covered thoroughly in the formal state- tory," presumably for some insidious rea­ West Memphis, Ark., was selected and stated: ment. · sons. There was no word in the article "The Corps of Engineers has reviewed the The ad lib quotation was as follows: about my formal 36-page statement, which plot plan showing the proposed construction "The Corps of Engineers and the engi­ is factually accurate to the best of my and made certain suggestions, all of which we neers retained by sponsoring companies knowledge and belief. are assured will be complied with in the final have examined some 16 sites O'l the river and I may be unduly sensitive but it seems plans and specifications. They also have have selected this as the preferable one. to me that this whole incident has very stated that the proposed construction ap­ This elevation here shows the maximum little to do with the merits of the contro­ pears to be acceptable to the Mississippi River flood record in the river, the 1937 flood. I versy over the contract. Commission from the standpoint of naviga­ understand that records have been made Faithfully yours, tion and flood control. The site also has been since 1880 or thereabouts, some 74 years of LEwiS L. STRAUSS.

The Journal of the proceedings of act to amend section 7237 of the Internal HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Monday, January 17, 1955, was read and Revenue Code of 1954." approved. RespectfUlly yours, THURSDAY, JANUARY 20, 1955 _ RALPH R. ROBERTS, The House met at 12 o'clock noon. MESSAGE FROM THE· PRESIDENT Clerk of the House of Representatives. Archbishop John Theodorovich, met­ A message in writing from the Presi­ ropolitan of the Ukrainian Orthodox dent of. the United States was communi­ Church of the United states, offered the cated to the House by Mr. Miller, one of ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED following prayer: his secretaries. Mr. BURLESON, from the Committee In the name of the Father, the Son, on House Administration, reported that that committee had examined and found and the Holy Ghost, let us pray. MESSAGES FROM THE SENATE Almighty God, Thou art father of all truly enrolled a bill of the House of the nations, the source of the mighty stream The SPEAKER laid before the House following title: of life in which the forward fiow is hu­ the following communications from the H. R. 2369. An act to amend section 7237 of manity. Thou gavest to our Nation to Clerk of the House of Representatives: the Internal Revenue Code of 1954. become a mighty wave in the stream of JANUARY 20, 1955. The SPEAKER. The Chair desires to humanity. Grant us, our Father, to re­ The Honorable the SPEAKER, House of Representatives. announce that pursuant to the authority member we are a hope for many en­ Sm: Pursuant to authority granted on .granted him on Monday, January 17. gulfed with the waves of oppression. January 17, 1955, the Clerk received from the 1955, he did on January 18, 1955, sign the There are the enslavers of the nations Secretary of the Senate on January 19, 1955, following enrolled bill o~ the House: hiding the shame of slavery in our time the following messages: H. R. 2369. An act to amend section 7237 That the Senate has passed with amend­ behind the iron curtains. of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954~ Have mercy, 0 Lord, on these victims ments the bill H. R. 2091, entitled "An act of mass execution, exile, slave camps, making appropriations for the fiscal year And the following enrolled joint reso­ starvation. Have mercy on Thy minis­ ending June 30, 1955, and for other pur­ lution of the Senate: poses"; and· ters, tortured and killed for Thy name's That the Senate insists upon its amend­ S. J. Res. 4. Joint resolution to provide for sake. Grant the nations crushed under ments to the bill H. R. 2091 and requests a the continuation in office of certain members the tyrant's heel the blessings of liberty, conference with the House of Representatives of the Commission on Governmental Opera­ independence, and national statehood. on the disagreeing votes of the two Houses tions. Give our great Nation the 'strength thereon, and appointed Mr. HAYDEN, Mr. and courage to keep bright the beacon RUSSELL, Mr. CHAVEZ, Mr. BRIDGES, and Mr, SALTONSTALL, conferees on the part of the JOINT COMMITTEE ON THE of liberty and justice. Give·us the wis­ ECONOMIC REPORT dom to help our brothers in Ukraine and Senate. all the other suppressed nations striving Respectfully yours, . The SPEAKER. Pursuant to the pro­ RALPH R. ROBERTS, visions of title 15, section 1024, United for freedom and national independence. Clerk of the House of Representatives. May the day come, 0 God, when all States Code, the Chair appoints as mem­ nations and peoples shall live in a true JANUARY 18, 1955. bers of the Joint Committee on the Eco­ state of coexistence devoid of iron cur­ The Honorable the SPEAKER, nomic Report the following members on tains and tyrants and slavery. And grant House of Representatives. the part of the House: Mr. PATMAN of that all men may live in their own lands Sm: Pursuant to authority granted on Texas, Mr. BoLLING of Missouri, Mr. in liberty and independence under their January 17, 1955, the Clerk received from the Secretary of the Senate on January 18, 1955, MILLS of Arkansas, Mr. KELLEY of own governments in Thy ways and ac­ the following message: , Pennsylvania, Mr. WoLcoTT of Michigan, cording to Thy will. That the Senate has passed without Mr. TALLE of Iowa, and Mr. CURTIS of May Thy kingdom come. Amen. amendment the bill H. R. 2369, entitled "An Missouri. J9-s5 · CONGRESSIONAL RECORD'-- HOUSE 483 E"CONOMIC REPORT-MESSAGE The role of the Federal Government was to take actions that created confi­ FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE in the achievement of these goals is to dence in the future and stimulated busi­ UNITED STATES Edward H. Rees, Kansas;· Robert J. Corbett, SWEARING IN OF RESIDENT P. Bolton, Ohio; Perkins Bass, New Hamp-· Pennsylvania; · Katharine St. George, New shire. . Yor~; H.· R. Gross, Iowa; Cecil M. Hardin,­ COMMISSIONER Committee on the Di:;;trict of Columbia • Indiana;- Albert W. Cretella, .Connecticut; Mr. FERNOS-ISERN appeared at the Sid Simpson, Illinois; Joseph P. O'Hara: Charles S ..Gubser, California; Joel T. Bray:.· bar of the House and took the oath of Minnesota; Henry 0. Talle, Iowa; A. L. hill, Virgima; Elford A. Cederberg, Michigan; Miller,· Nebraska; James C. Auchincloss, New John E. Henderson, Ohio; August E. Johan­ office as Resident Commissioner for Jersey; John J. Allen, Jr., California; Carroll sen, Michigan. Puerto Rico. ' D. Kearns, Pennsylvania; James T. Patter­ Committee · on Public Works: George A. son, Connecticut; Charles S. Gubser, Cali­ Dondero, Michigan; J. Harry McGregor, Ohio;' COMPOSITION OF COMMITTEES fornia; Joel T. Broyhill, Virginia; DeWitt s. James C. Auchincloss, . New Jersey; Russell Hyde, Maryland. · V. Mack, Washington; Hubert B. Scudder, Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I · Committee on·Education and Labor: Sam­ California; Myron V. George, Kansas; Frank ofier a privileged resolution Young, The Clerk read the title-..of the bill. 1955 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 485 The Clerk read the Senate amend• - The SPEAKER. Is there objection to sions, and recommendations which are ments, as follows: the request of the · gentleman from set out in our summary report: Page 2, line 3, insert "Senate." Massachusetts? BASIC FINDINGS Page 2, line 4, insert "For payment to There was no objection. Based upon the testimony, documents, Harriet McCarran, widow of Pat McCarran. individual sworn depositions, and other late a Senator from the State of Nevada, evidence presented to the committee, the $12,500." SIGNING OF ENROLLED BILLS :following basic findings are made: Page 2, line 7, insert "For payment to Mary Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I 1. That the objective of Communist ag­ R. P. Maybank, widow of Burnet R. Maybank, gression is to destroy civilizatio:r,. as we know late a Senator from the State of South Caro­ ask unanimous consent that notwith­ it and to replace it with a planned existence lina, $12,500." standing the adjournment of the House from which will emerge the new Soviet man Page 2, line 10, insert: until Monday next the clerk be author­ completely responsive to the masters of the "SALARIES, OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES ized to receive messages from the Senate universal superstate. and that the Speaker be authorized to 2. That no pretext is too insignificant, if "The appropriation for salaries of Officers the Soviet Union is convinced the proper and employees of the Senate contained in the sign any enrolled bills and joint resolu­ tions duly passed by the two Houses and time llas arrived, to serve as an excuse for Legislative Branch Appropriation Act, 1955, an action of armed aggression. is made available for the employment of found truly enrolled. 3. That no nation, including the Russian additional clerical assistants for each Senator The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Federated Soviet Socialist Republic, has ever from the State of Kentucky, so that the the request of the gentleman from Mass­ voluntarily adopted communism. Commu­ allowance for administrative and clerical as­ achusetts? nism takes over by force of arms or threat sistants for such Senators will be equal to There was no objection. of force by the Red army, controlled as it· is that allowed other Senators from States hav­ by Communist political commissars and the ing a population of more than 3 million but ~- . less than 5 million, the population of said REPORT OF COMMITTEE INVESTI­ 4. That treaties of mutual assistance, non- · State having exceeded 3 million inhabitants." aggression pacts, and protestations favor­ Page 2, line 20, insert: GATING COMMUNIST AGGRES· ing peaceful coexistence are continuously "OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY SION dangled as bait before the free nations by ''Office of the Secretary: For an additional Mr. MADDEN. Mr. Speaker, I ask the U. S. S. R. to distract them from its amount for the omce of the Secretary, unanimous consent to address the House unalterable purposes of aggression. Once the $4,845: Provided, That effective February 1, bait is taken such fraudulent instruments 1955, the basic amount available for clerical for 1 minute, to revise and extend my re­ become the means for Communist penetra­ assistance and readjustment of salaries in marks and include extraneous matter. · tion and final takeover. the disbursing office is increased by $6,600 The SPEAKER. Is there objection to 5. That leaders of native Communist ele­ per annum." the request of the ·gentleman from ments assisting the Soviet Union to assume Page 3, line 1, insert: "CONTINGENT EX• Indiana? control of a victim state are inevitably purged, liquidated, or forced to flee after the J>ENSES OF THE SENATE'' There was no objection. Page 3, line 2, insert: successful coup and are replaced by Soviet Mr. MADDEN. Mr. Speaker, the spe­ nationals, usually Russian Communists. "Senate policy committees: For an addi· cial select Committee on Communist Ag­ tional amount for the Senate policy commit­ 6. That no national culture, aspirations, tees, for agency contribution for Federal Em­ gression, authorized by the 83d Congress, religion, or independence are permitted to ployees Group Life Insurance, as authorized completed its final summary report on freely exist for more than a relatively short by Public Law 598, 83d Congress, $220 for December 31, 1954. This week the time after communism assumes control of a each such committee; in all, $440." printed copies of the summary report victim state. Page 3, line 7, insert: are off the press and ready for distribu­ 7. That irrespective of constitution, local "Joint Committee on Printing: For an law, treaties or agreements in force when tion among the Members of the Con- the Communists take over in the victim additional amount for the Joint Committee . gress. on Printing, for agency contribution for state every phase of life is dictated by the Federal Employees Group Life Insurance, as Our former colleague, Charles Kersten, Kremlin. authorized by Public Law 598, 83d Congress, chairman of the select committee and 8. That there is no limit to the terror, $115." the committee staff, have temporary of­ oppressive tactics, barbarity, perfidy, and in­ Page 3, line 11, insert: fices at Georgetown University and are human corruption which the Soviet Union "Inquiries and investigations: For an addi­ engaged in the· work of distributing will employ to enforce or to secure its de• tional amount for expenses of inquiries and mands and desires in a victim state. copies of the summary report and also 9. That. every effort at forming a political investigations, $795,000." the special reports for each of the Com­ Page 3, line 13, insert: coalition between Communist and non-Com­ "Stationery: For an additional amount for munist captive countries to the Members munist groups for the esta'blishment of a stationery, $3,550, and the amount available of Congress and other organizations who government can end in only one result: for stationery for committees and officers of desire to read· the same. No doubt a liquidation of the non-Communist groups. the Senate is hereby increased to $13,550." number of Members of Congress will de­ 10. That no election carried out in a Com­ Page 4, line 16, insert: sire extra copies of this report for or·­ munist-controlled state can be considered a free election. In every case Communists "COMMISSION ON INTERGOVERNMENTAL ganizations, libraries, and others in your control the election machinery, lists ot RELATIONS district. The same can be secured by candidates, ballots, ballot counting, and ac~ "SALARIES AND EXPENSES writing the Committee on Communist company this control with terrorization o! "For an . additional amount for 'Salaries Aggression at Georgetown University or the voters. and. expenses,' $160,000: Provided, That said telephoning Mr. Kersten, Committee 11. That communism is the avowed enemy appropriation shall remain available until Counsel Jim McTigue, or Staff Director of . all religions: Protestant, Catholic, Jew­ June 30, 1955: Provided further, That this Mr. Edward O'Connor at ADams 2-7000, ish, Orthodox, or Moslem. It tolerates only paragraph shall be effective only upon the extensions 433 and 434. those religious leaders who lend themselves enactment into law of H. R. 2010, 84th to Communist propaganda. · The Committee on Communist Ag­ 12. That the principal purpose of educa­ Congress." gression held numerous hearings both in Page 5, line 20, strike out "$90,000" and tion under Communist rule is to propagate insert "$130,000." this country and abroad, exposing the communism and to eliminate the distinctive true facts on the methods and blueprints culture of the victim state. Teachers and The SPEAKER. Is there objection to used by the leaders of the Communist students are placed in an intellectual strait­ the request of the gentleman from Ala­ conspiracy in capturing neighbor na­ jacket. bama? tions during the last 15 years. The tes:. 13. That under Communist rule, labor is organized by the state to serve only the There .was no objection. timony and facts recorded from over 300 state; the worker is a helpless pawn in a The Senate amendments were con­ witnesses is a revelation of truth about system where ruthless exploitation and curred in, and a motion to reconsider communism which should be brought to drudgery is the reward for an save the Com­ was laid on the table. the minds of millions of people living in munist elite. the free countries throughout the world 14. That among the false claims which as well as informing the millions behind Communist propaganda is promoting in the ADJOURNMENT OVER free world is the idea of Communist nondis­ the Iron Curtain who are unwilling cap­ crimination against racial minorities. The Mr. McCORMACK.. Mr. Speaker, I tives of the Comrimnist conspiracy. hypocrisy of this has been strikingly demon­ ask unanimous consent that when the I am hereby_submitting for the con­ strated, among other examples, in the perse­ House adjourns today it adjourn to meet sideration of the Members of Congress, cution and extermination of the Jews in the on Monday next. the committee's basic findings, conclu- U. s .. s. R., and in the nations of central 486 January 20· Europe . more recently occup1ed by commu.;. the strongest assets' of the enslaved peOple :te.rence oi .an ft~e · ~on-Communist nations nism. 1n t~e Communist eJU~ire. 'rberefore, o"QJ:" :tot the following ·.purposes;. . . . 15. That slave labor and its planned utm­ major task is to bring the full force of truth (a) To ~preB& fotim.al recognition of the zation are integral parts of the economic concerning communism to the people of tne :tact tb.a.t . the .Conuhuntst, governments, and political system of the Soviet Union, free world and ·at the same time·let the p·eo­ which now coi).trol ove:~; · aqo· mtll1on human and without them the empire of communism ple of the enslaved nations know that th~ beings, are ndt repr~J;ltf!.tive of the Will of cannot exist. This situation poses a seri9us security of our future goes hand in haD;d the ·people. - ·. --· . ~ · threat to ·the preServation of the hard­ with the restoration of their freedom and , (b) To seek J~.greement :whereby the free earned gains of free labor in the Unite~ independence, . non-Communist nations acting in concert States and to the economic system of the 10. That the United States Information Will withdraw diplOip.atlc recognition from entire free world. Agency (Voice of America) and the Commt1;­ all Moscow-controlled Communist gov- 16. That destruction of the basic unlt of tee for Free Europe (Radio Free Europe) are ernments. · civilization-the family-is mandatory and effective ln the fight against communism. (c) To reaffirm thEl friendship and soli­ inevitable under communism. They reach the peoples behind the Iron Cur­ darity of the people of the free world with 17. That in all the nations occupied by tain with the truth concerning the policies the people and nations enslaved by com­ communism two extreme class differences are and actions of the free world, and also reveal munism. created and nurtured; there are only the the lies, distortions,. and treachery put forth (d) To develop a program for the rapid very rich elite who live a life of luxury and by the Communists. anq complete termination of all commercial the workers who struggle to exist. · 11. That in the struggle of freedom versus treaties and trade With Communist govern­ 18. That the primary targets of Com­ slavery our broadcasting media and infor~ ments and the initiation of a program of munist agents in the potential victim states mation programs, including the Voice of trade among all non-Communist nations of the free world are the police system, press America and Radio Free Europe and such which will strengthen the security of the and communications, and the transportation pthers as may originate in the United States, iree world. system. Once these targets are taken over are deserving of much wider support from (e) To develop an overall, dynamic pro­ the Communists then proced to use them as the public, the foundations, and from gram for the defeat of the international the instruments' to secure total power. Congress. Communist conspiracy. (iONCLUSIONS 12. That when morality and adherence to 2. That Congress establish a Joint com­ international law are excluded from all rela­ mittee on all United States overseas infor­ Because of the foregoing basic findings. mation programs in order that maximum re­ which are based upon testimony sworn to tions .among nations the rule of th;e jungle taK.es over, tyranny and w:ar then become sults may be assured in bringing the full before the committee, we conclude: · force of truth to all the people of the free 1. That communism is a criminal con­ inescapable. The moral and political prin­ ciples expressed in the American Declaration world and increased hope to the millions of .spiracy purposely designed for and delib• people enslaved by communism. erately directed at .the enslavement of all of Independence should serve as a guide to American policy toward the nations and, 3. That Congress by appropriate action re­ mankind and the establishment of a world iterate and make clear that the eventual lib­ colonial empire. peoples enslaved by communism. 13. That the continued occupation of the eration of all the nations enslaved within 2. That this . conspiracy which in the the Communist empire, together with un­ course of 37 years has occupied almost one­ captive nations by Soviet Communist power qualified support for the principle of na­ third of the earth's surface and enslaved is the basic cause of the growing menace of war and stands as threat to the security tional self -determination through free elec­ over 800 million people is now engaged in the a tions and the secret ballot, are firm and un­ process of consolidating its empire and pre­ of the United States. This threat is in'­ changing parts of our naticmal policy. ·paring for the final showdown with the still creased in direct proportion to the time and 4. That in the advancement of the Ameri­ free nations. opportunity afforded the Communists to can program for world peace and freedom all 3. That the vast majority of the people digest and consolidate their gains, and to efforts therein be measured against the cri­ living under Red rule know firsthand the use these gains as bases for further and teria of whether they assist the captive peo.. antihuman nature of communism and thus greater aggressions. This threat is dimin­ ples to hasten the day when they may achieve constitute a great potential force against ished in direct proportion as the Communist. their liberation, and that all acts or omis­ communism. hold on the captive nations is weakened by sions which tend to confirm their enslave­ 4. That any trade by the nations of the a positive policy that promotes the . forces ment be Tejected. free world with the Communist empire, of national independence behind the Iron 5. That the spirit of resistance to Com­ whether it be in war materials or consumer Curtain. munist tyranny behind the Iron Curtain be commodities, will assist the Kremlin in con-.. 14. That the United States is richly en­ encouraged and supported through the judi­ solidating its empire and will strike a de­ dowed with the natural heritage of a sub­ cious use of funds already' authorized by moralizing blow at millions behind the Iron stantial part of its loyal population having .Congress for· such purpose. CUrtain who resist and await the day when strong bonds with the enslaved peoples. 6. That the appropriate agencies of the 'they can overthrow the Communist tyrants. This asset has not been fully recognized an<;l Government concerned with the threat of Moreover, the products of the world of slave utillzed in the struggle against the tyranny world communism give maximum oppor­ labor if put into competition with American that enslaves the nations of their ancestry. tunity to those private American organiza­ production will undermine and destroy the 15. That it is incumbent upon the present tions, groups, and individuals that have a hard earned, high standards of free labor in generation of Americans to solv·e the immi­ natural bond with the enslaved nations and the United States. nent Communist threat so that the Commu­ people, to play a major role in the restora­ 5. That whenever there is a period of nists shall not have the time and opportu­ tion of freedom in the lands of their weakness or indecision among the nations nity to launch their intended full-scale at­ ancestry, of the non-Communist world the Soviet tack on the free world and in order that 7. That, as a demonstration of our gen­ Union capitalizes on these conditions and the coming generation of America may not uine sympathy for the enslaved nations and ~dvances its ends by propaganda, subversion, · be confronted with a new and vastly in­ peoples, and to weaken the will of the armies internal disorder, and aggression without re­ creased Sovietized generation, fully indoc­ under Communist rule to fight and support sorting to the alternative of general war. trinated with a fanatic hatred for the non­ the Kremlin's plan for world conquest, the 6. That the Kremlin is now engaged in an Communist world. President immediately direct the establish­ all-out propaganda offensive as the advo­ 16. That the time was never more oppor­ ment of the national military units formed cates of "peaceful coexistence" between the tune or the world ~ituation more demanding from escapees from the enslaved nations as Communist empire and the free world in for a bold, positive political offensive by the authorized .by section 101 (a) (1) of the order to gain time, delude the free world as United States and the entire free world; Mutual Security Act of 1951, as amended, to its real intentions, divide and destroy the this. is the only course which gives reason­ thus providing a concrete symbol of a gen­ free-world alliances and thus prepare the able hope for avoiding aU-out war. uine coexistence and unity between the na­ way for world war ni. tions and peoples on both sides of the Iron 7. That there has been a dangerous over­ RECOMMENDATIONS Curtain. simplification of the courses of action open The committee rejects the current Com­ 8. That ~ongress at the next session enact to us in the present world crisis; either pre­ munist propaganda campaign of "peaceful H. R. 8000, known as the Political Asylum ventive war or peaceful coexistence. The coexistence" between the nations of the free Act of 1954, to prov~de for the rapid and ef­ committee rejects both these courses of ac­ world and the Red regimes of the Commu~ .fective reestablishment ·of selected escapees tion as alien to the national interest. nist empire as the only alternative to pre­ from communism and to encourage the de­ 8. That the theory which holds that if the ventive war. It recom.m.ends rather that fection and ·escape· of others. United States takes positive and overt action the Government of the United States imme­ 9. That the Congress give the United against the Communist conspiracy a new diately launch a positive, bipartisan, politi­ States Information Agency fu~l support not world war would result has tended to para­ cal offensive against the international Com­ only by way of an increase in funds but also lyze action and destroy the creative initia­ munist conspiracy and in behalf of the en­ by strengthening its role in our Govern­ tive of freemen. The committee rejects this slaved nations, and that the following steps ment's political offensive-. Similarly foun­ theory and concludes the overwhelming evi­ be undert!l-ken as a part of such a program: dations, :Private organi2iations, and individ­ dence points to the opposite conclusion. · 1. The committee again recommends tha,t ual citizens are urged to cbntinue and in­ 9. That truth is the strongest weapon in ·the President of the United States take the ·crease their · support· to the Committee for the arsenal of democracy, faith and hope are initiative in convening an international con- Free Europe (Radio Free Europe) . 1955- CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE_ 487_ 10. That an international juridical. com­ . erate abandonment or trifling by the States. to•be chosen by legislatures and are now mission be established within the frame­ The country as a whole has a right to demand elected by direct vote of the people·. work of the North Atlantic Treaty Organi­ that petroleum, a great God-given resource Women vote. In many States there are zation so that Communist crimes perpetrated belonging as a whole to no State or individ­ agairuit humanity niay be fully J"ecorded and ual, but a natural national resource, must be provisions for referendums and recalls. officially noted for prosecution. conserved and must not be wasted. Petro­ Unreaso;nable - property restrictions 11. That the Department of State trans­ leum has admittedly become an integral, in­ among the qualifications for voting have mit copies of this report, together with all dispensable part of almost every activity of been removed. Almost from the begin.. other reports of the committee to each mem­ our country, both private and public. It ning of our country, the electoral college ber nation of the United Nations. presents a problem which the committee has merely re:fiected the popular vote of 12. That the Department ·of State formu­ recognizes as belonging in large measure to the electorate. late a resolution based upon the findings, the States for solution, but in order for the conclusions, and recommendations of this States to succeed in such an effort they must However, little has been done to make report, branding the U. S. S. R. as an ag­ have the cooperative help o! the Federal nomination of presidential candidates gressor against all the nations enslaved by Government." more democratic. Such candidates are communism and that the United States del­ chosen by conventions, which are not egation to the United Nations be instructed necessarily representative of the desires to take immediate steps to place this reso­ SPECIAL ORDER OR/ANTED of party members. In practice, they are lution on the agenda of the General Assem­ Mr. BAILEY er that I had presented to the electorate of This is by no means wholly a local benefit. month, to f-eed and clothe herself and the district from which I come and upon It has been called the most important ele­ five youngsters. which I had been elected. ment in the ent1re Mississippi River system. The family doctor who had examined During the 2d session of the 83d Con~ . The Milwaukee Port Authority, in its recent Pat about a month before his death said . gress I joined with all Members from our annual report, announced that arrangements Pat's heart was normal-regular and no . area in the introduction of a bill of ap~ had been made and Interstate Commerce murmurs. When asked what could have Commission sanction obtained for ·barge propriation for this purpose. It was caused this young man's death, the doc~ strictly a bipartisan undertaking. Every service up the Mississippi River and on Lake Michigan to Milwaukee. Our sister city to tor said, "It is very possible that aggra­ , Democrat and every Republican from the north, frequently a bitter foe of Chi· vation and worry of his occupation were the metropolitan Chicago area joined up cago on such navigation issues as lake diver­ underlying etiological factors in the pro~ with equal measure of earnest sincerity sion, ought, in its own interest, to be plug- duction of the heart attack that led to and driving enthusiasm. . ging for the Sag appropriation. his demise." · The Honorable JOHN C. KLUCZYNSKI, Mr. Speaker, I believe the Federal the only Chicago member of the Com~ · Government should be paying Pat's mittee on Public WorkS and possessed IMPROVING OUR CIVIL SERVICE widow and children a more substantial · of great and detailed knowledge on the RETIREMENT ACT pension. However, under our present subject matter. joined with the then ma~ laws, death of a heart attack caused by · jority whip of the House [Mr. ARENDS] Mr. FINO. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani­ aggravation and worry of occupation and the Representatives from the Sec~ mous consent to address the House for 1 does not come within the scope per­ ond, Third, and Fourth Illinois Districts, minute and to revise and extend my. re­ mitting payment of increased annuity to those closest to the project, in visiting marks. survivors. Are not the results of over­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the Director of the Budget and later work, worries, and aggravations attrib~ President Eisenhower. The composition the request of the gentleman from New utable to, and ·in line of · duty? Is not of the delegation that waited upon the York? ·death by heart attack from overwork, President and the Director of the Budget There was no objection. aggravation, and worry just as shocking emphasized the strictly bipartisan na­ Mr. FINO. Mr. Speaker, it was not and disastrous to a man's widow and ture of the support of this measure. until a recent tragic incident was brought family as it would be if he should be That our joint efforts ended as we had to my attention that I fully realized the killed by a bullet in the course of his hoped in the inclusion of the Calumet~ urgent need for revising and improving duties? Sag project in the President's budget is our Civil Service Retirement Act. This tragic occurrence brings me to a cause of great rejoicing among the Last September 6, 1954, one Frank the point I wish to make. I am thor­ . people of Chicago, who long have real~ Patrick McSweeney died at the age of oughly convinced that the facts of our ized that development of Calumet-Sag 39. Who was McSweeney? Another time and considerations of humanity call · held the key to the industrial future of hardworking public servant in our Gov~ for a revision of our antiquated civil~ our city and of the States of the Middle ernment service. He first came into the service retirement laws: I am introduc­ West. With the enactment of the St. ,Federal Government in 1941 as a· deputy ing a bill which will bring justice and Lfi.wrence Waterway Act construction of collector of Internal Revenue, was later protection to the family in the type of Calumet-Sag became an immediate must. promoted to the fraud squad, and in 13 case I have just described. My bill will From the Cal-Sag Waterways Devel­ years became one of our ace special provide added benefits and afford addi­ opment Committee, Inc., I have received agents. McSweeney, who died of a heart tional protection to a widow whose hus­ the following letter, signed by Henry E. . attack, left a wife and 5 children ranging band dies on the job, if medical evidence Seyfarth, chairman: from 2 years to 10 years. shows that the cause of death was the MY DEAR CoNGRESSMAN: Our committee is Pat McSweeney worked hard at his direct result of circumstances arising indeed delighted with the President's budget job--maybe a little too hard. He was out of and in the course of his Federal 1n which is included $4 million for the start fearless and honest. He was beyond re~ employment. My legislation will provide · of construction on the Calumet-Sag project. proach. He could not and would not be payment to a widow with no children On behalf of our directors, committee, and bribed. Pat was assigned to the water­ staff, I would like to take this opportunity of 75 percent of the full annuity the of expressing our deepest appreciation to ·front and narcotic inve.stigations. While Federal employee would have received . you for joining with the other members of 'in the course of his investigations and had he lived ·to be 60 years of age and the Illinois delegation in supporting the peti­ shortly before his death, he was ap- retired after 30 years of service. A widow tion which ~as present_ed to ,?resi~ent :proached and offered a $5,000 bribe, part with one or more children will receive 1955 -CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-~ HOUSE 489 100 percent, the same amount the de­ - Another way of expressing thts is in ment. Men thus trained in their ceased would have received had he lived another old saying: "What is sauce for younger years continue and expand their to retire on a full annuity. The amounts the goose is sauce for the gander." activities as they pass from active provided for children of the deceased Mr. Speaker, if visitors from foreign membership as Jaycees. And, although under the Civil Service ·Retirement Act lands are given complete freedom here, the organization is still young its former have been increased. then it is only fair that we should expect active members are found in positions of Mr. Speaker, as you well know, a Fed­ similar freedom there. Why should we great responsibility in every field of hu­ eral employee is a human being who, by aid, abet and assist our enemies by our man endeavor. Its work begins at the reason of work, can be subjected to ill­ liberality, cordiality and courtesy? Why grassroots, but many of its projects deal ness and death for which there is no should we make freely available to any with matters of national importance. adequate protection in our laws. My bill of them the public documents and pat­ Some idea of the scope of its activities will give all Federal employees added ents which so often relate so closely to can be obtained in reviewing its pro­ protection and thereby not only impr~ve our own national welfare? grams in many :fields. our civil-service system but also raiSe Mr. Speaker, it is high time we start· For instance, there is the National the morale of our Government workers. being realistic; friendly, but firm; cour­ Teen-Age Road-E-O, a community pro­ It is our duty as legislators to protect teous, but cautious; and cordial, but gram to promote safer driving among the families of our conscientious, de­ careful. the Nation's teen-agers. In the field of serving, and hard-working Federal em­ public safety the organization has spon­ ployees from the fears of insecurity and UNITED STATES JUNIOR CHAMBER sored a wide variety of projects. improper prot~ction. OF COMMERCE Realizing the value of sports and rec­ reational activity, the organization Mr. HOPE. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani­ sponsors three major competitions ORDER LIMITING PHOTOGRAPHY mous consent to address the House for 1 among the youth of America: The in­ minute and to revise and extend my re­ ternational junior golf tournament, the BY AND MOVEMENT OF RUSSIANS marks. IN THIS COUNTRY national junior tennis tournament, and The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the national rookie league baseball tour­ Mr. SCRIVNER. Mr. Speaker, I ask the request of the gentleman from nament. These national projects are unanimous consent to address the House Kansas? supplemented by hundreds of projects for 1 minute and to revise and extend my There was no objection. carried out by local Jaycee groups. In remarks. Mr. HOPE. Mr. Speaker, tomorrow, many places community recreational The SPEAKER. Is there objection to January 21, marks the 35th anniversary programs are an important activity. the request of the gentleman from of the founding of the United States In the field of citizenship the organi­ Kansas? Junior Chamber of Commerce. zation sponsors the Voice of Democracy There was no objection. I had intended saying something on contest, a script-writing and speaking Mr. SCRIVNER. Mr. Speaker, "tit for the :floor tomorrow with reference to this competition which annually gives more tat" is an old, old saying that is quite remarkable organization, but in view of than a mill1on young Americans an op­ expressive. the fact that the House will adjourn portunity to examine seriously, and The recent orders limiting photogra­ over until Monday I have asked for this speak in behalf of, the virtues of living phy by, and the movement of, Russia~ time today. under a democratic system of govern­ in this country was good, as far as 1t From a small beginning in 1920, the ment. Also in this field are its get-out­ went. United States Junior Chamber of Com­ the-vote campaign and Americanism Everyone knows the exacting limita­ merce has grown until it now has a mem­ week. . tions under which visitors move in Iron bership of over 200,000, who belong to Working with conservation organiza­ Curtain countries. The few United more than 2,000 chapters in 48 States tions and publications, educational pro­ States citizens that can be admitted to and Territories. Active membership is grams to advance conservation are car­ their countries are restricted in move­ confined to men between the ages of 21 ried out in hundreds of communities. ment and action. and 35. Christmas projects have become one For a long, long time this country bas I would like to read you the creed of of the best-known of Jaycee activities. placed few restrictions on alien nationals, this organization, which so well expresses These embrace everything which will on their movements, conduct or num­ its spirit and objectives. It is as follows: bring about a broadening of the ob­ bers. They came and went at their will We believe: That faith in God gives mean­ servance of Christmas, and especially and pleasure, saw what they wished, ing and purpose to human life; that the those programs which make a happier talked to whom they pleased, read what­ brotherhood .of man transcends the sover­ Christmas for underprivileged children. ever they desired, commented freely, eignty of nations; that economic justice can In an effort to emphasize the impor­ picked up whatever papers and public best be won by freemen through free enter­ tance of religion, the Jaycees conduct documents they wished. prise; that government should be of laws rather than of men; that earth's great treas­ two national programs of importance Such courteous treatment is not re­ during the month of May. One is the ciprocated by many nations. ure lies in human personality; and that serv­ ice to humanity is the best work of life. come-to-church campaign and the other Red newsmen can attend White House is a special day of prayer for the Na­ press conferences sit in the House and This creed is a great statement of pur­ tion's leaders in their efforts to bring Senate galleries and attend congres­ pose, but like any creed it has little value about world peace. Locally Jaycees sional committtee meetings. unless it is translated into action. The sponsor and foster hundreds of religious Hence I have, today, introduced a Jaycees, as members of the organization programs of various kinds in their com­ bill-a "tit for tat" bill-calling for this are commonly called, are men of action. munities. country to accord visiting alien na­ They possess the vigor, vision, and ideal­ Its youth programs to recognize tionals--in the same number as we have ism of youth. They are looking ahead youth's accomplishments, to counsel and citizens in the corresponding country­ and not behind. They believe in this guide youth, and to help those who have the same treatment our citizens are there creed and they have taken practical gone astray have been outstanding. accorded. steps to put it into effect. The organ­ Its contributions to local educational For example, if at any given time, some ization's o:m.cers and members have a. activities are well known. other country only permits 50 Americans sense of dedication in their willingness Let me refer to one instance where there, we permit only 50 of their na­ and eagerness to contribute their time, a local Jaycee organization in my own tionals here. · energy, and ability to carrying out the district took an active part in initiating If the movements of our citizens are objectives of their organization. It is a great national Jaycee project in the free there, movements of their nationals no wonder that this great civic group :field of better government. This is in will be free here. ' has become the fastest growing young connection with the Hoover Commission If Americans must report at inter­ men's organization in the world. report of a few years ago. After the vals-get clearance to move, and so forth, The great overall achievement of the report came out the Junior Chamber of nationals of that requiring country must junior chamber of commerce has been Commerce of Pratt, Kans., held an open­ do likewise while they are in the United to develop leadership in the broad fields house meeting and discussion on this re­ States ot America. of good citizenship and civic improve- port at which they urged all of those 490 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE January 20 in attendance to write to Senators and ator from K-ansas, and the Honorable tn the fiscal year 1955. To meet the demands Representatives with regard to the mat­ RICHARD BOLLING, Representative from for better current measures, for the fiscal ter. Soon the Kansas Junior Chamber Missouri. year 1956 the budget provides increases amounting to $4.8 million, as shown in the of Commerce took the matter up as a The subcommittee held carefully following summary: State project and then the national or­ planned hearings last July at which ganization made the study and consid­ expert testimony was given by specialists Direct obligations for major current statis­ eration of this report a part of its pro­ in important economic fields such as tical programs, by broad subject areas gram. I am informed that Mr. Hoover agriculture, industry, labor, trade, fi­ [In millions] has given this organization much credit nance, and government. for the part it played in presenting this The subcommittee in its report on 1954 195.5 19~ Program matter to the public and to Congress. August 5, 1954-House Report 2628, 83d actual i;!~~ i;!~~ But I am sure it is not necessary for congress, 2d session-recommended me to tell Members of Congress, in de­ that- Employment and unemployment, tail, of the activities of this great civic A section on economic statistics should wages, industrial injuries ______$4.9 $4.9 $6.8 organization because each of us has had Prices and price indexes______1. 6 1. 7 2. 0 be included in the President's annual bud­ Construction and housing_------4. 5 . 5 1. 5 the opportunity to see these groups in get and more consideration given to an ade­ Production and distribution______14. 5 15. 7 16. 6 action in our own districts and communi­ quate economic statistics program in the Population and vital statistics______1. 5 1. 5 1. 6 ties and many Members of Congress are, President's economic report. The various National income and analysis of statistical programs of the executive agencies business trends: State and local or have been, members of them. governments ___ ------3. 2 3. 1 3. 5 and their costs should be brought together Electronic equipment development_ ------. 2 While what I have said refers to the and discussed. Proposed changes in these United States Junior Chamber of Com­ Total, major current pro- programs and their relation to the overall grams ______26.2 27.4 32.2 merce, I want to point out that under Federal statistical system should be pointed its leadership there has grown up an out. International Junior Chamber of Com­ The program presented next January This table does not include all the current merce with membership in 65 of the ( 1955) should be prepared after careful ap­ statistical programs of the Government. free countries of the world. praisal of suggestions received by this sub­ Many of the Government's statistical activi­ Who knows what will finally be ac­ committee and incorpora~ed. in the published ties, including some which contribute to our hearings. The subcommittee hopes that the overall system of economic information, are complished by this great international various statistical advisory committees to closely tied to and frequently part of admin­ organization of young men in creating Federal agencies will be asked to review these istrative operations-for example, reporting a spirit of international good will and hearings and that the President's program activities which arise from the unemploy­ a better understanding between the peo­ submitted next January (1955) will repre­ ment insurance operations of the Bureau of ple of all free nations? sent a big step forward in the development Employment Se<:urity. The agencies whose Two years ago, in addressing the 33d of a realistic and adequate economic statis­ programs are included, tn whole or in part, national Jaycee convention, President tical system. in this subject-matter summary are shown in the table at the end of this special analysis. Eisenhower said: The new feature bears the heading Employment and unemployment, wages, Yours is one of our Nation's most distin­ "Special Analysis I, Federal Economic industrial injuries: The number of persons guished and enterprising organizations. You Statistical Programs," and appears on employed, their hours of work and wages, and are young and responsible people, with im­ pages 1203 and 1204 of the Budget of the the number of those looking for work are of pressive careers and achievements already United States Government for the fiscal concern to the Government in formulating recorded to your credit. year ending June 30, 1956, which was policy and to businessmen, labor groups, and • • • Because you are both young and the general public as a guide in making many responsible, you know what is your greatest transmitted to the Congress by the Presi­ day-to-day economic decisions. Information responsibility of all, tomorrow, the whole dent on Monday, January 17, 1955. on labor turnover (industrial hires, layoffs, future of freedom. The subcommittee commends the Pres­ and quits) throws additional light on the I think all of us who know something ident and the Bureau of the Budget for current economic situation. making this recommendation a reality. One of the problems of most concern tn of·the Jaycee movement can-testify that recent months has been the nature of the the members of this great organization It is now hoped that the Congress will take favorable action and provide the impact of unemployment during the periOd are, indeed, meeting their responsibili­ of adjustment from an unusually high level ties. funds needed for developing an improved of defense spe_nding. The need for greater economic statistical system. d.etail on the labor force, further improve­ Special analysis I, Federal economic ment of statistics on the extent and inci· THE PRESIDENT'S BUDGET statistical programs, as presented in the dence of unemployment, and more informa­ MESSAGE budget is as follows: tion on the employment situation and out· look in specific areas has been made apparent Mr. TALLE. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ SPECIAL ANALYSIS I. FEDERAL · ECONOMIC during the transition periOd. Increases are imous consent to address the House for STATISTICAL PROGRAMS rocommended for the fiscal year 1956 to en­ 1 minute and to revise and extend my This analysis presents the current and able the Bureau of the Census and the Bureau remarks and include an analysis of the recommended levels of the major economic of Labor Statistics to strengthen their respec­ budget message. statistical programs of the Federal Govern­ tive programs in this vital area. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to ment. It is intended to facilitate evaluation Provision is also made for some extension the request of the gentleman from Iowa? of the overall system of Government statis­ tn the fiscal year 1956 of the industry and There was no objection. tics by specific subject-matter areas and to community wage surveys conducted by the show the proposed changes in the budget Bureau of Labor Statistics, and for expansion Mr. TALLE. Mr. Speaker, I rise to recommendations for the fiscal year 1956 for call the attention of my colleagues and of the BLS statistics on industrial accidents statistics of employment and unemployment, to increase their usefulness in promoting the public to a new feature which is construction and housing, and other impor­ safety. · included in the budget of the President. tant areas of economic conditions or activi­ Prices and price indexes: The collection of For the first time in our history the ties. price data and the computation of indexes of budget contains significant recommen­ A sound and balanced statistical system ts a necessary basis for sound administrative prices and the cost of living are a basic ele­ dations for expanding and coordinating policies. The needs of business, agriculture, ment in our system of economic intelligence. our Federal statistical programs. labor, and Government for accurate · and The statistical series currently maintained in This new feature is noteworthy and this area by the Bureau of Labor Statistics prompt knowledge of the ebbs and flows in and the Department of Agriculture are of it grew out of a recommendation made all major areas of our economic life require strategic importance in many different con­ last year by the Subcommittee on Eco­ improvement and strengthening of our basic nections-notably, for example, use of the nomic Statistics, of which I was chair­ system of statistical intelligence. BLS consumer price index as a factor in set­ man. This subcommittee was estab­ CURRENT PROGRAMS ting wage rates for millions of workers, and lished by the Joint Committee on the For a number of years the current pro­ use of agricultural price indexes in deter­ Economic Report following extensive grams of the statistical agencies have oper· mining parity ratios. hearings held last February, when it be­ ated at a nearly fixed level, despite increases Po~twar revisions have been completed of came evident that there was need for in operating costs. There have been noma­ the BLS consumer price index and wholesale improvement in the Nation's statistical jor expansions in these programs to keep price index. For the fiscal year 1956 the pace with the demands for improved meas­ budget includes a major survey by the Agri­ information. ures of changing economic conditions, al· cultural Marketing Service to obtain the Serving with me on this subcommittee though the major economic censuses, which present pattern of farmers' expenditures to were the Honorable FRANK CARLSON, Sen- are essential as benchmarks, were initiated determine if there is need for revising or 1955 CONGRESSIONAL .RECORD-· ..HOUS E 491 reweighting the index of_ pnces p aid py tions, is on e of the important ·analytic t ools Direct obligation s tor m ajor econ omi c farmers. This survey will als~ supply infor­ for . det ermining present an d prospective statistical programs, by agency-con. mation needed, for analysis of m any f arm levels of econom ic activity. This program is p roblem s. · · · · con ducted jointly by t h e Federal Trade [In millions] Constr uction and housing: Construction is Commission and the Securities and Ex­ change Commission. For the fiscal year 1956 1955 1956 a m ajor econom ic activit y, carried on by Agency 1954 esti- esti- t h ousands of small builders scattered the budget provides for increasing the use­ actual mate mate t hrou ghout t h e Nation . Because of its sensi­ fulness of this progr am by enlarging its -- t ivity to economic conditions an d the de­ scope to in clude m ining and t rade corpora­ -- p endence placed upon it by so m any related t ions. CURRENT PROGRAMS-continu ed a ctivities, adequate in formation on con struc­ Tabu lations of income-tax ret urns by the Department of Labor: Bureau of t ion is of key significance in appraisin g eco­ I n ternal Revenue Service are used as bench­ Labor Statistics ______------$5.5 $5. 4 $3.8 nomic t rends. Estimates now available are m arks for most current series on the finan ­ Department of the Treasury: In­ cial condit ion of business and for major ternal Revenue Service: Statis- limited to t he number of new nonfarm dwell­ tical reporting ______1.6 1. 7 1.7 ing units started and t he dollar volume .'of all components of the n at ional income and Federal Trade Commission: Finan­ new constr uction activity. The lat ter series product account s. cial reports, included under eco- is based on scattered data and can be relied State and local governments in toto rep­ nomic and financial reports ______.1 .1 .3 Securities and Exchange Commis­ on to reflect only long-term trends or sub­ resent an important segmen t of the na­ sion: stantial changes in the activity. tional economy, spending over $30 billion a Preparation of operational and For the fiscal year 1956 the budget includes year. For the fiscal year 1956 t h e budget business statistics ______.2 .1 .2 a m ajor in crease for the construction sta­ provides for filling a gap in our information t istics program of the Business and Defense in this area by including funds for the Bu­ Total, current programs. : __ __ 26. 2 ?:7. 4 32. 2 Services Administration, to improve the reau of the Census to develop annual State­ P ERIODIC CENSUS PROGRAMS soundness and reliability of the new-con­ by-State estimates of expenditures, receipts, struction act ivity series and to permit com­ and changes in debt of State and local gov­ D epartment of Commerce: Bureau - of the Census: pilation of d ata on exp~nditures for alter­ ernments. Census o! agriculture ______16.0 6. 0 a t ions and repalrs and on residential vacan­ · Electronic equipment development: Ef­ Censuses of busirress, manufac- cies. Provision is also made for the Bureau of forts in the fiscal y·ear 1956 directed toward tures, and mineral industries_ ------8. 4 4. 7 Labor Statist ics to obtain statistics on char­ developing specialized electronic equipment Intercensal housing s ur vey--~- ______. 5 acteristics of new housing being built and Spot checks of business, manu- for use in the censuses of business, manu­ factures •. and agriculture___ __ 1. 5 -~------on the organization and structure of the factures, and mineral industries scheduled home-building industry, and to initiate Total, periodic census pro- for 1958 and tlie censuses of population, grams ______, 1. 51 .24. 4 . 11. 2 studies of materi!lls and labor requirements housing, and agriculture scheduled for 1960 for construction. will result in significant reductions in the Total, major economic statis- In addition to the increase for this area costs of these censuses· and in the t ime re­ tical programs______27. 7 · 51. 8 43. 4 included under current programs. the budget quired between enumeration ·and publica­ for the fiscal year 1956 provides for an in­ t ion of many of the basic tabulations. tercensal housing survey, as ·· noted below Funds for development of this equipment SPECIAL ORDER GRANTED under periodic census programs. are included in the regular 1956 budget for Mr. WRIGHT asked and was give:Q. Pr-oduct ion and distribution: The broad the Bureau of the Census. area of production and distribution includes permission to address the House for 15 work of the Department of Agriculture on PERIODIC CENSUS PROGRAMS minutes on Monday next, following the farm economics, market research, crop and Censuses of agriculture, business (whole­ legislative program and any special livestock estimates, and related subjects, and sale and retail trade and the service trades) , orders heretofore entered. work of other agencies-primarily the Bu­ manufactures, and mineral industries are reau of the Census-on current business and sch~duled at 5-year intervals. These pe­ industrial st atistics, foreign trade and ship­ :i-iodic canvasses of an · establishments and ping, and related matters. farms are important to business and agri­ AN INVITATION TO THE CHIEF F arm production costs and farming meth­ culture and serve as benchmarks by means JUSTICE OF THE UNITED STATES ods have drastically changed under the im­ of which the accuracy of many Government TO ADDRESS CONGRESS pact of new technology, and the survey of and private statistical series is maintained, present .patterns of ·farmers' expenditures and the trends shown by current series are Mr. KEATING. Mr. Speaker, I ask proposed for 1956 will aid in analysis of farm evaluated. The major costs of the present unanimous consent to address the House income and farm practices. Provision is also censuses, which cover the calendar year 1954, for 1 minute and to revise and extend my made in the Agricultural Marketing Service were provided for in the appropriations en­ remarks and include an editorial. for further market research and improve­ acted for the fiscal year 1955. The budget The SPEAKER. Is there objection to ments in the accuracy of the estimates and for the fiscal year 1956 includes funds for the the request of the gentleman from New forecasts of crop and livestock production. completion of these censuses. York? In the Agricultural Research Service, the An intercensal housing survey to be made budg·et provides for further work in the by the Bureau of the Census is also included There was no objection. fiscal year 1956 on the economics of produc­ in the budget for the fiscal year 1956. This Mr. KEATING. Mr. Speaker, the tion,_designed to develop illformation to help survey will obtain needed information on Federal courts and their problems have improve farm practices. the number and characteristics of the Na­ not received the degree of attention from The 1956 budget also provides for annual tion's housing units, and on changes in the sample surveys of retail trade and manufac­ Members of Congress which their im­ amount of housing since the 1950 decennial portance deserves. As a result, who has turing activity by the Bureau of the Census. census of housing. Population and vital statistics: The only been injured? Primarily, it has been increase provided in this area for the fiscal Direct obligations for major economic the litigants, large and small, thousands year 1956 is recommended to enable the statistical programs, by agency of whom each year bring their problems National Office of Vital Statistics to reduce [In millions] and controversies to the courts to be the time lag in publishing reports of vital resolved. statistics. The increase in the number of 1954 1955 1956 One method of improving this situa­ certificates of births and other vital events Agency to be processed and tabulated has resulted actual :~~~ :~i~ tion, albeit a controversial one, is to in excessive time lags in the publication of ...... :.------1---1---1--­ extend an invitation to the Chief Justice these reports. CURRENT PROflRAMS of the United States to address both National income and analysis of business Houses of Congress each year, regarding trends; State and local governments: The Department of Agriculture: Agricultural M arketing Serv­ the problems and needs of the courts and Office of Business Economics in the Depart­ ice: Marketing research and judicial officers, and any legislation re­ ment of Commerce is responsible for making agricultural estimates ______$8.4 $10.2 $11.0 lating thereto. estimates of the national income and g.ross Agricultural Research Service: national product and other national ac­ Economics of production, in­ I am convinced that, on balance, such cluded under farm and land a move would be constructive and would counts. A small increase is included in the management research ______1.3 1.4 LS budget for the fiscal year 1956 for the work Department of Commerce: yield rich dividends. It would strengthen of this office on analysis of national eco. Bureau of the Census ______6.8 6.2 7.4 rather than weaken the judiciary. It nomic trends, primarily to provide for use in Business and Defense Services Ad.m.i.nistration: Construction would alert the Members of Congress the national income-product accounts ot statistics, included under in- and the country to the importance of the the results of the business censuses being dustry divisions ______.1 .1 .9 judicial branch of government. taken this year. · Office of Business Economics __ _ .9 .9 LO The quarterly financiaL reports program. Beginning with Lafayette, the Con­ D:~~W:frl;r~~ 1;~IJ~ir!~~~J!~~= gress has heard scores of representatives which collects income .statexnents and bal· ice: National Office of Vital Sta- anc~ sh~ets ~rom manufacturing corpo~a- tistics. ___ ------1.3 1. 3 1.4 of foreign countries. Certainly the 492 CONGRESSIONAL-RECORD · ~ HOUSE January 20 highest judicial officer·of our own coun­ the Chtef -Justice, and in reporting· on con­ inequities in· the present law, and urged try is equally entitled to the careful at­ ditions within the courts, he should speak· that they be corrected. · · to the people tnrough their representatives tention of the legislative branch. in the Congress. The courts need such a Bills to amend this law were filed in_ . The judicial conference,- made up of· spokesman, to address such an audience. the last Congress, but were not acted­ the Chief Justice and the chief judges of upon. Prompt action should now ~e the courts of app.eal, is now required by taken to eradicate from the law provi­ law to make an annual report to the EQUAL RIGin'S FOR MEN sions which have worked great hardship Congress. To that extent, this sugges­ on citizens of friendly countries who tion to hear the Chief Justice is no inno­ Mrs. FRANCES P. BOLTON. Mr. want to come to America. I refer par-· vation. The difficulty with the present Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ad­ ticularly to the present quota system, plan is that the report of the Judicial dress the House for 1 minute and tore-· which makes it virtually impossible for Conference is received anq filed and vise and extend my remarks. persons of certain nationalities to ob­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to tain visas to the United States. probably never read by any Member of the request of the gentlewoman from Congress. An address by the C~ief Jus­ In approaching this subject, we should tice obviously would not receive that Ohio? bear in mind that we are not dealing kind of a brushoff. There was no objection. with statistics. We are dealing with Mrs. FRANCES P. BOLTON. Mr. . It is my hope that this suggestion will :flesh and blood humans, many of whom meet with wide bipartisan support. It is Speaker, I have introduced a bill. which have relatives in this country. To have would authorize the armed services to their entry snarled up by procedural dif­ not a matter into which politicS should recognize the professional status of men in any way be injected. I am happy that ficulties is not only unfair but a r~al many Democratic Members of Congress who are registered nurses, by giving them tragedy for countless thousands of indi­ Reserve commissions. viduals who have already known their have already expressed their approv~l This legislation has been called equal of such a move. share of suffering. rights for men, in that it gives status to This bill, among other things, provides Under leave granted, I include a splen­ men which only women now enjoy in the did editorial from the Washington Star that quotas are to be determined on the armed services. It is in a sense a re­ basis of the 1950 census instead of on the supporting the proposal to extend this versal of the normal problem of discrimi­ invitation to the Chief Justice: 1920 census as is now the procedure. It nation between men and women in the provides for certain pooling of unused SPOPSMAN AND AUDIENCE occupations. quotas, and their allocation in the next An annual address to a joint session of Today, only women can receive com­ succeeding fiscal year. It corrects ad­ Congress by the Chief Justice, reporting to missions as nurses. This has relegated ministrative deficiencies, permits no ex­ the people on the Federal judiciary, would be many men with full nurse training to an appropriate capstone of ·other helpful re­ clusion without a hearing, and provides forms made possible by Congress to tasks ·as ·corpsmen, wardmen, and litter­ for judicial review in exclusion and de­ strengthen independence of the judiciary. bearers, and they receive only enlisted portation cases. One of these was creation in 1922 of the men's ratings. It is a sad waste of vital The need for amendment of the pres­ Conference of Senior Circuit Judges, a step manpower, for there are some nurs~g ent law is pointed up by the number of toward vesting the courts with management jobs for which men are best fitted, as In private bills acted on by the House Com­ of their own business affairs. The Confer­ such wards as psychiatry and on combat mittee on the Judiciary. These bills are ence was made responsible for annually sur­ assignments. passed to relieve injustices caused by the veying conditions within the courts and de­ This was illustrated most recently dur­ termining what courts were in need of the present law. The number favorably help that the courts themselves could sup­ ing the fighting in Indochina last year. acted on by the last 5 Congresses were ply, principally in the exchange of judges A gallant French woman nurse was 14,80,81, 729,753. between circuits and districts to supply ad­ trapped in the fortress of Dien Bien Phu ditional manpower to those that were over- and she was subsequently taken prisoner. burdened. . A military commander, knowing of the GEN. DOUGLAS MAcARTHUR This step, however, pointed up an anoma­ tremendous risks involved, would never · Mr. HILLINGS. Mr. Speaker, I ask lous condition: Whereas responsibility of have intentionally placed a woman's life unanimous consent to address the House maintaining emciency within the courts lay in such jeopardy. Nevertheless, fighting With the courts themselves, the authority for 1 minute, and to revise and extend of management lay with the Department of men need trained graduate nurses at the my remarks and include a copy of a bill .Justice, a part of the executive branch, which front. If these nurses were men they introduced by me . prepared and submitted to Congress the could be assigned to combat are·as along­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection -to court budget. To remoye that anomaly Con­ side their :fighting comrades. the request of the gentleman from Cali­ gress, in 1939, created the Judicial Confe·r­ In all health fields, both military and fornia? ence of the United States and the Adminis­ civilian, we need all the nurses we can There was no objection. trative Office of United States Courts. With get, male and female. Giving the male this machinery, the courts were given au­ Mr. HILLINGS. Mr. Speaker, on Jan­ thority to prepare their own budget, sub­ nurse Reserve commissions would grant uary 26, 1955, a great American will cele­ ject to review but not change by the Budget proper recognition to these men a~d brate his 75th birthday. General of the Bureau, and to supervise appropriated ex­ would strongly influence more well-quah­ Army Douglas MacArthur, who served penditures. The Chief Justice was obligated fied men to enroll in schools of nursing. as supreme commander in Pacific areas to submit to Congress an annual report of It would also free many women nurses to during World War II and in Japan in the the proceedings of the Conference, and its remain in civilian hospitals. years following the war, will be honored recommendations for legislation. I shall hope for favorable action in the at a civic dinner in Los Angeles, Calif., Both steps have strengthened the prin-. near future. ciple of the separate and equal branches on that date. of our Government. The logical next step, It is my thought, Mr. Speaker, that a lending even greater dignity and additional grateful nation should take additional significance to that principle, would be AMENDMENT OF THE McCARRAN­ . action to commend him for his years of appearance of the Chief Justice before a WALTER IMMIGRATION LAW service. To further that purpose, I am joint session of Congress to report in person Mr. CURTIS of Massachusetts. Mr. introducing a bill today to revive the on conditions within the judiciary. It is gratifying that the idea is receiving the Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ad­ office of General of the Armies of the support of distinguished men inside and dress the House for 1 minute and to re­ United States. This is the rank which out of Congress, and that expressed objec­ vise and extend my remarks. . was conferred upon the late General tions will be studied and discussed. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Pershing following World War I. In Some of the objections seem more cynical the request of the gentleman from Mas­ such a position, the Nation had the bene­ than realistic. The thought that appear­ sachusetts? fit of his experience and advice in the ance of the Chief Justice before Congress There was no objection. years following his active service, includ­ would inject political considerations into Mr. CURTIS of Massachusetts. Mr. ing the period of World War II. To date, this relfl,tionship is di1ficult to comprehend. The safeguard against that poosibility lies Speaker, I am today filing a bill to ~mend no such promotion has been given to any in the character of our public servants, not the immigration law. The same bill has of the World War II officers, although a ln the method chosen for formal communi­ been filed in the Senate. The President number of them hold the rank of Gen­ cation between the judicial and legislative of the United States in his state of the eral of the Army, the five-star -rank branches. The spokesman for the courts is Union message stated that there were which was created during World War II. 1955 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 493 I tirge that the Congress and its appro­ I am today reintroducing should be ciples of the Atlantic Charter and to pre­ priate committees take prompt action to passed. serve and to strengthen the well-being pass this bill with the hope that General It is a known fact that at the Yalta of her own citizens and. to guard the MacArthur could be appointed to such Conference, Russia was given the Japa­ precious heritage of our forefathers . . rank on his 75th birthday. nese Kurile Islands which :flank the Great Circle Route to Japan and the southern My bill contains a linutation in that GENERAL OF THE ARMY DOUGLAS the rank would be conferred upon only half of Sakhalin Island, in addition to one officer who served on foreign ·soil domination of Manchuria and recogni .. MAcARTHUR during World War ll. tion of Outer Mongolia as a Red depend:. Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts. Mr. It is interesting to refer-to the prece­ ency. By this agreement Russia was Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ex­ dents which exist. In 1866 U. S. Grant given control of Manchuria's ports and tend my remarks at this point. was promoted to the rank of general as railways and thereby permitted to loot The SPEAKER. Is there objection to a rewa.rd for his service in the Civil War. $2 billion worth of equipment from fac­ the request of the gentleman from Mas .. Previously, in 1799, Congress passed an tories in Manchuria. At the time of this sachusetts? act authorizing the appointment of a conference this action was justified as There was no objection. general of the armies of the United concessions to enlist Soviet aid in the Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts. Mr. States which would have allowed the pro­ war against Japan. Subsequent recorded Speaker, I have today introduced in the motion of George Washington to such history indicates that in the opinion of House of Representatives a joint resolu .. rank but his name was never sent to the military experts her participation in the tion which would authorize the President Senate. It would appear that General war was unnecessary since the Japanese of the United States to designate General Pershing was the only Army officer ap­ surrendered within a few days of Soviet of the Army Douglas MacArthur as pointed to the rank of General of the Russia's entry into said war. This con;. General of the Armies of the United Armies. In view of the precedent of hon­ ference was also responsible for the in­ States. oring our military commanders, I urge famous partition of Poland and the This great soldier, scholar, diplomat. enactment of my. bill. promise of free elections in Poland, Al­ and patriot will celebrate his 75th birth­ The text of the bill follows: bania, Bulgaria, Rumania, and· Czecho:. day on January 26 of this year. slovakia, all of which resulted in their It is my hope that the Congress will A bill to revive the office of general of the armies of the United States becoming Russian satellites. Agree• extend this honor on this birthday an­ ments were allegedly reached that Ger­ niversary. He is truly one of our most Be it enacted, etc., That the office of gen­ eral of the armies of the United States is mans of East Central Europe should not deserving sons, whose life span has en­ hereby revived, and the President is hereby be deprived of . their homes and lands. compassed many of the most stirring authorized, in his discretion and by and with The abrogation of these agreements have moments in our history. . the advice and consent of the Senate, to ap­ definitely created the tremendous ex­ As a Nation we can be thankful that point to said office a general officer of the pellee and displaced persons problems the talents of our great soldiers surge Army who, on foreign soil and during World which today have caused such anxiety beyond the boundaries of the battlefield, War II, has been especially distinguished in and concern. that in peace as well as in war the shield the higher command ·of military forces of The Potsdam agreement set down cer­ the United States; and the officer appointed of their ability and bravery continues tO under the foregoing authorizat,ion shall re­ tain provisions for the purported purpose glow with the brightness of great deeds. cei:ve.pay jn_the . sum of $ per year and of establishing a firm foundation for the Our debt to Gen. Douglas MacArthur such allowances as the President shall deem future peace discussions and treaties. It will not be paid by this honor.:._this rec­ appropriate; and any provision of existing provided for certain matters to be left ognition-for we as a Nation owe him law that would· enable any other officer of for · future consideration, such as the much. The United States demanded the Army to take rank and precedence over final establishment of German-Polish much of General MacArthur, and he has said officer shall not be effective: Provided, frontier. It is a matter of record that been unfailing in his devotion to duty, That np more than one appointment to office shall be made under the terms of this Russia has repeatedly maintained that regardless of the weight of the burden act. the Oder-Neisse line constitutes the defi­ we placed upon him. nite German-Polish frontier and has .ap­ Twice in global wars, he has borne the proved the incorporation of territory east shock of enemy shell. Twice he has·car­ YALTA AND POTSDAM CO~FER:­ of this line into Poland. There are sim­ ried the burden of freedom on his shoul· ENCES ilar instances which may be cited with ders in the face of overwhelming odds. Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts. Mr. respect to Austria, Poland, Hungary, Bu1- His exploits in World War I may be Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that garia, and Rumania. However, in the dim in the memory of many of us. But the gentleman from New York [Mr. interest of time and to avoid repetition his valiant record on Europe's battle­ BoscH] may extend his remarks at this of material facts with which I am sure fields is written in history. The whole point. the membership is fully familiar, I will world knows of his ·feats in the Pacific not further discuss the inequities which in World War II. The daring, the cour­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to have arisen. No one will dispute that age, and the genius of MacArthur the request of the gentleman from MaS­ Russia has willfully and consistently dis­ planned and guided the way for the mag­ sachusetts? regarded the provisions of these agree­ nificent comeback victory. His great There was no objection. ments whenever ·and wherever it has Pacific campaign will make Hollaridia, Mr. BOSCH. Mr. Speaker, on Janu.:. found it convenient to do so. New Guinea, Leyte, Lingayen Gulf. and ary 16,· 1953, I introduced House Con­ I should like to point out, the Senate the Battle of the Philippines live forever current Resolution 22, the subject mat­ resolution of March 1952, which, in rec .. in the memory of all Americans. · ter of which calls for the full -disclosure ommending ratification of the Japanese History can never dim the accomplish­ and reexamination of the secret agree­ Peace Treaty, specifically repudiated any ments of this man, for there will always ments arrived at in 1945 at the Yalta American recognition of any Soviet rights be imbedded for him alongside the words and Potsdam conferences. Unfortu~ in former Japanese territories or in Man­ freedom, honor, and country, the endur­ nately, this resolution failed of action by churia, and the notes sent to Moscow in ing tribute, "He was there." the Committee on Foreign Affairs. Re.;. September 1952 in a joint action by the In designating Douglas MacArthur cently much has been reported about the Truman administration and the govern­ General of · the Armies of the United State Department reiease on the Yalta ments of Britain .and France, repudiat­ States, our Government will be demon­ agreement. However, to date the publi­ strating some measure of the affection, 0 ing in effect the Potsdam agreement as cation of this agreement has not been valid only for the initial control period esteem, and appreciation in which the forthcoming. · and invalid under the radically altered people hold. him. Mr. Speaker, if we are to avoid.the pit­ conditions of today. I might say too, Let us honor this man for the great falls of the past and destroy, before it is that I am aware that Great Britain has American that he truly is. too late, th~ laying of. the keel of world expressed her intention of abiding by the war lli, which will surely. result unless Yalta agreement. That may well be her the inequities which these agreements position, but I say in like spirit that the SPECIAL ORDER GRANTED have sown are corrected, I believe that United States should do what is best for Mr. MEADER asked and was given the House concurr~nt r~soiution whi~lj. her own interest in adhering to the.prin- permission to address the House for 20 494 CONGRESSIONAL··RECORD- ·HOUSE 'January 20 minutes on· Monday next, following ·the the 'Hon6rable JosEPH· W. ·MARTINi· JR:-. distinct ftom-the-eongresslOna.t omce·records legislative program of the day and the indicated informally that he would be of the Member serving as chairman of the inclined to rule that House· committees ~ttee; and such, records shall -qe .the conclusion of any special orders hereto· property of the House. Each committee is fore entered. -bad the power to telecast or broadcast authorized to have. printed and bound testi­ their hearings if they so elected, and mony and other date presented at hearings many committee hearings were broad­ held by the committee. No evidence re­ TELEVISING PRESS CONFERENCES cast and telecast. · · · · ceived in executive hearings, or material re­ Mr. MEADER. Mr. Speaker, I ask . Now that Speaker RAYBURN again win ceived by the committee upon a confidential unanimous consent to address the House interpret and apply the rules of the basis, shall be published; released, or di· House in the 84th Congress, this problem vulged. except py order of the committee." for 1 minute and to revise and extend - SEc. 3 . .Rule XI 25 (e) of. the Rules of the my remarks and include extraneous again becomes acute. Although I know House of Representativ~s is hereby amended -matter. · of no expression of opinion on his part, by adding at the end thereof the following The SPEAKER. Is there objection to I assume that his interpretation of the 'sentence: "Until so reported, no findings, the request of the gentleman from Tules in the absence.of express action by conclusions, or recommendations of the com­ Michigan? the House itself will be. the same as it mittee shall be published, released, or di­ - There was no objection. was in February of 1952. vulged except by order of the committee." Mr. MEADER. Mr. Speaker, yester;;. Let us contemplate what will happen if the activities of the executive branch day the President for the first time in ~ CONGRESSIONAL INTER:rT history had a televised press conference. of the Government and the Senate are Today I have introduced a resolution widely publicized while news of House PROGRAM .to amend the rules of the House, one of committee activities reaches the public Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. Mr. Speaker, the outstanding features of which would only through newspapers, periodicals, I ask unanimous consent to extend my be to permit committees in their discre­ -and radio and television commentators. remarks at this point in two instances. tion to telecast and broadcast their com­ If House committees are denied the The SPEAKER. Is there objection to mittee hearings. -very powerful media of communica­ the request of the gentleman from New' I think it was a fine thing that the tion of live or recorded broadcasting and Jersey? President did have his press conference telecasting, as well as newsreel moving There was no objection. .televised. The American people are en­ pictures, the public will come to know Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. Mr. Speaker, titled to know about what goes on in less and less of the activities of the House my colleagues may be interested to learn Washington not only in the executive and its committees as compared with the more about the congressional intern branch of the Government but also. in .activities of the Senate and its commit­ program sponsored by the American the legislative branch of the Govern­ tees and the activities of the executive Political Science Association. ment. branch of the Government. Last year 6 young men and women I have continually stressed the impor­ I should very much dislike to see the served internships in congressional of­ tance of strengthening the Congress and -House of Representatives lose its· rela­ fices. ·This year there are 10, including restoring its prestige as the policymak­ tive position in the public mind through 1 on my own staff. The program will ing agency of our Government. failure to utilize these new and power­ be continued next year, with 10 news­ One of the most effective ways of en­ ful instruments of communication-tele­ ·paper, radio, television, and political hancing the public acceptance of the vision and radio-to bridge the gap be­ science people from 25 to 30 years old Congress is to do everything possible to tween the citizenry of the country and participating. make the public familiar with the ac­ its lawmakers. Through a grant from the Edgar B. tivities of the Congress. I think the I sincerely hope that the Committee Stern family fund of New Orleans, La., American people generally are unaware on Rules and the leadership of the House 'the American Political Science Associ­ of the importance of committees in the will give serious thought to the-amend­ ation is able to make available free of legjslative pro.cess and are not sufficiently ment of the rules I have proposed so as charge the services of these interns. familiar with the manner in which com:­ -to strengthen committees, to facilitate They do a variety of jobs, including re· mittees operate. Telecasting and broad­ their functioning, and to publicize their search, writing, handling constituent in­ casting the hearings of committees will activities. quiries, and preparing legislation. do more than any other single thing to The text of House Resolution 99 is as This is a program which will help in­ bring the work of the Congress closer to follows: crease the understanding of Congress the people. At the same time, through House Resolution 99 by people in communities throughout the the wider and more effective dissemina­ Resolved, That rule XI 25 (a) of the Rules Nation. It is a grassroots program, tion of information on the problems of the House of Representatives is hereby which envisions that these young men dealt with by committees, the electorate amended to read as follows: and women will spend 9 months of prac­ "(a) The rules of the House are hereby will become better informed. made the rules of its committees so far as tical work on Capitol Hill. Then, when If activities of the executive branch applicablar, with the folloWing exceptions: they return to their university campuses, of the Government are widely publicized " ( 1) A motion to recess from day to day newspapers, or radio and television sta­ while those in the legislative branch are 1s hereby made a motion of high privilege in tions, they will be better informed about hidden in relative obscurity, the gravita­ such committees. Congress and able to help interpret the tion of political power toward the execu­ "(2) Each committee is authorized to cre­ legislative process. tive and away from the legislative ate subcommittees, With such powers and I hope that my colleagues wili en­ branch will be intensified, rather than duties and subject to such limitations as it courage capable young people whom they minimized, as it should be. deems advisable. "(3) Each committee is authorized to know, to apply for next year's program Let me say that this situation is par­ adopt rules in addition to, but not incon­ before the deadline for applications on ticularly applicable to the House of Rep­ sistent with, the rules of the House. February 1. Applicants who are politi­ resentatives. In the 82d Congress, CoN­ " ( 4) Each committee is authorized to fix: cal scientists are required to have grad­ GRESSIONAL RECORD, VOlume 98, part 1, a lesser number than a majority of its en­ uate training or experience in public pages 1334-1335, our present Speaker, tire membership, but not less than two mem.. affairs; journn.lists applying must have a Hon. SAM RAYBURN, who was the Speaker bers, which shall constitute a quorum there-, bachelor of arts degree and at least 2 at that time, in response to a parliamen­ of for the purpose of taking sworn testi.. mony. years of professional experience. Pref­ tary inquiry by Minority Leader MARTIN, · " ( 5) Each committee is authorized, in its erence is given to applicants between 25 expressed the opinion that broadcasting discretion, upon such terms and conditions and 30 years old. Application forms and telecasting committee hearings was as it deems advisable, to permit the broad­ can be obtained from the American Po­ not permissible under the rules of the casting and telecasting of its proceedings by litical . Science Association, 1785 Massa­ House. radio and television, and the dissemination chusetts Avenue NW., Washington 6, As we all know, the other body has of news of such proceedings by other methods D.C. · no such practice and Senate committee and media of communication." SEC. 2. Rule XI 25 (c) of the Rules of the This congressional intern program at­ hearings have been widely broadcast and House of Representatives is hereby amended tempts to give . these . young people a telecast. to read as follows: variety of experien·ce in both the House The problem did not arise in the House "(c) All committee hearings, records, data, and the Senate. After the group arrives 1n the 83d Congress since the Speaker, charts, and files shall be kept separate and on N:ovember 1, it spends a month in 1959 ·. ·,_ :CO~GRESSIONAL · .RECORD-:- HOUSE 495 -the Legislative Reference Service of the of unsuitable individuals and· in remov­ tain a place on the Agriculture Cominit-· Library of Congress. On December 1 ing them? tee-at that time I thought men were the interns begin ·tours of ·duty in the Second. Has this program unduly im­ placed on committees because of merit. offices of their choice, working on the paired any of the traditional rights of My name was presented and it went be· staffs of Members of both Houses and all American citizens? fore the committee on committees. The of committees. Third. Could these rights be better chairman said, "What is this fellow like, This year's interns, and their current protected by additional judicial proce­ will he follow our leadership? I do not assignments, are: dures without impairing the effectiveness want some wild western insurgent on Clifford D. Coover, night editor of the of the program? any committee.'' Well, that argument Bozeman Alice in Wonderland opera­ following season is unfavorable and ·tion. through no fault of his own he produced Let it be noted that the Russians need only 1,000 bushels the next year-and SPECIAL ORDER GRA~ .the butter much worse than we need the this situation frequently happens in the Mr. ROOSEVELT asked and was given manganese-the Reds are in bad shape arid west-then he can use his stored permission to address the House on Mon­ 1or food and commodities, and this move grain of 1,000 bushels to replace his day next for 20 minutes, following the of the Secretary .of Defense plays right shortage of the following year. legislative program of the day and any into the Soviet hands and stomach. If he raises more than 3,000 bushels special orders heretofore entered. in that good year, say 5,000 bushels, he has 2,000 bushels more than needed to MEMBERS OF OBJECTORS~ · make up his quota. STOCKPILING ANTHRACITE COMMITrEES He can feed this surplus, or eat it, Mr. FLOOD. Mr. Speaker, I ask Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I ask seed it, but he cannot sell it on the unanimous consent to address the House ·unanimous consent to address the House ·market. for 1 minute and to revise and extend for 1 minute. He can negotiate with the Govern­ . my remarks. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to ment where the Government is giving The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the request of the · gentleman from away wheat to foreign countries, which the request of the gentleman from Massachusetts? is much more sane than to give away Pennsylvania? There was no objection.- dollars, and the price the Government There was no objection. Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I allows him for this wheat is 50 percent of Mr. FLOOD. Mr. Speaker, the Secre­ ·desire to announce to the House the the market price. We have given away ·tary of Defense now announces a pro­ appointment of the official Democratic and spent on our foreign crusade about gram to exchange butter for Russian -objectors on the Consent Calendar as $800 million. If we had seen fit to use a manganese. In ·March 1954 the Presi­ follows: -little judgment and given them whea.t dent declared the creation of a very im­ The distinguished gentleman from instead of dollars, the United States portant commission for a long-range North Carolina, Mr. DEANE, chairman of could have saved several billion dollars program for the stockpiling of strategic the committee on Consent Calendar ob­ and there would be no surplus. material. Of the findings of that com­ jectors; the gentleman from Colorado, On the second purpose of the bill, mission we have not as yet been advised Mr. AsPINALL; and the gentleman from namely to protect the family-type farm completely. I presume the Secretary Massachusetts, Mr. BoLAND. and not let it drop out of sight and de­ thinks we can understand the difference On the Private Calendar objectors on populate the farm belt, and dry up all between butter and manganese as not too the Democrats side: Chairman, Mr. business in that area, the bill provides involved for our immature minds and RoBERTS, of Alabama: Mr. JARMAN, of that there shall be no restraint at all not as complicated as the more delicate Oklahoma; anc! Mr. BoLAND, of Massa­ on small farms of 80 acres east of the problems of international relations. chusetts. 93d principal meridian, 160 acres east I would like to point out the same of the 99th principal meridian, and 320 Department has consistently opposed my acres west of that meridian, or the arid bill to stockpile anthracite coal, the basic COST OF PRODUCTION OF FARM belt of the United States. On these fuel potential for defense in America in COMMODITIES farms the Government is commanded to case of the outbreak of war, when oil Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, I ask keep hands off. The army of measuring and gas will be limited for such con­ unanimous consent to address the House experts from Columbia and Harvard sumption and prohibited for domestic for 1 Ininute, and to revise and extend have disappeared and the farmer's trips heating and non-defense uses. Certainly my remarks. to court have ended, and he proceeds to at this time to now trade butter for man­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to live on his land and rear his family. ganese would suggest the next step of the request of the gentleman from The businessmen in the small towns the distinguished Secretary will be to Oklahoma? have customers, vacant schoolhouses are trade butter for anthracite coal, ·a dis­ There was no objection. reopened, the tax base increases, and the tressed industry in this Nation, when Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, I have counties can pay their officers, school­ manganese and coal are mined in Russia introduced a bill today to authorize a teachers, and build roads. Compare by slave labor, and it may be by many nationwide survey of the costs of produc­ this picture with some counties in my American prisoners of war. Mr. Secre­ tion of major farm commodities. own State of North Dakota today: tary, there will be no use to send my The purpose of this bill is to make it Schoolhouses deserted, no money for people butter for our coal because we do possible to obtain scientific information roads, and the county officers and school­ not have the bread to put it on, since the on what it costs the farmer to produce teachers underpaid. same leadership wants to import residual a bushel of wheat, a pound o~ cotton, or The United States cannot last if the fuel oil without reasonable restraint from a bushel of corn. population of the farm belt is destroyed. Venezuela-a sea lane which submarines · We have heard a great deal of talk in That is exactly what will happen if this will stop in case of war-and residual fuel recent years about a fair price to the acreage cutting continues. The large oil is a deadly enemy of the coal industry. farmer. But we have had no scientific operators can stand it, but the small ones If Acheson or Truman had ever made facts on which to base our conclusions. cannot. The large operator has one this suggestion made yesterday by Wil­ It is time for us to obtain a yardstick home, in many cases outside of the State son, the gentlemen on the other side of on which to legislate. That is my rea­ entirely, no people on his broad acres the aisle would be screaming for their son for introducing this measure. except the operators of tractors. The impeachment. The bill directs the Secretary of Agri­ people who raise our children, educate Anthracite coal in spite of what the culture to have a survey made in each them, the merchants who serviced these Department of Defense thinks is a most State to determine the unit cost of pro­ farms, all have disappeared. vital and strategic material and Secre­ duction on family farms of the principal This bill will provide an ever-normal tary Wilson should be the first to support commodities, including wheat, cotton, granary. This bill restocks the farm my bill to stockpile such coal-butter or corn, tobacco, rice, peanuts, beef cattle belt with people. Schoolhouses . and . no butter. and calves, milk and, butterfat, lambs, '1955 -- 'CONGRESSlONAt- RECORD- HOUSE 49'l >. chickens, hags, eggs, fruit, rye. oats.·and neve a doctrinal ·approach to thls vital and military relations 'will I>e: the weak.. many others. question obscures rather than clarifies er our economic relations, the less effec­ The survey is to be conducted in sev­ the real issue. The issue is not between tive will be the vital lm.peratives of po .. eral areas of each State so as to insure free trade and protection: rather the is­ litical and military alliances against the · coverage of a sumci-ent number 'of fam.. sue is whether we will recognize that our Soviet Union. If we do not offer the fly farms to be representative. The Sec­ foreign trade policy is an integral part markets, it Is clear the Soviets wilL retary is to use land-grant colleges to of our foreign policy. In this global con­ They hope to split the free world this make the slirveys, wherever that is prac­ :flict our trade policy can be a vital in­ way. If through our failure and the fail .. ticable. strument in cementing free world re­ ure of our allies to develop a trade policy . Labor performed by the farm operator lationships. Contrariwise, a restrictive designed to expand the trade of the free and his family is to be taken into ac­ trade policy can do much to discourage world, our allies will be left with inade.. count in determining the unit cost of free world unity. Our decision this year quate markets and seriously reduced liv­ production. will not be a decision for an American ing standards. Already trade agree­ ; The Secretary is directed to rep()rt the trade policy alone. In reality it will be ments have been negotiated between progress and results of his findings to a decision for world trade policy and of Russia and her satellites and the free the Congress and the President at least free world economic cooperation. Since world. Since our trade constitutes ap .. once during each year. A final report American trade constitutes about 20 per­ proximately 20 percent of world trade, is to be made by the Secretary when the cent of world trade and, in tum, in­ our decision is the dominant decision on surveys in all States have been com­ :fluences much of the remaining 80 per­ this issue. This, it seems to me, is the pleted. cent, our decision will vitally affect the primary, overriding reason for a trade trade and economies of the entire world. policy permitting expan,ding trade in :ASsiGNMENTS TO COMMITI'EES Therefore, I think we must recognize the free-world alliance. We must build that what we do here this year will to a expanded trade with our allies-offering . Mr. COOPER. Mr. Speaker, I offer very large degree affect the trade pat.. as well as receiving markets--or, as the a privileged resolution (H. Res. 96) and terns of the world. What we do here President said last year, "we _may fail ask for its immediate consideration. this year will be largely irrevocable. As in all." The Clerk read as follows: trade patterns jell as the result of our UNITED STATES INDUSTRIES DEPENDENT ON Resolved, That E. L. BABTLETr, the Dele­ decision, the market relationships will TRADE gate from Alaska, is hereby elected an addi- ­ not be easily altered. tional member of the following standing Turning to the domestic side of this committees of the House of Representatives: THE RUSSIAN TRADE OFFENSIVE question, I would like to briefly outline Committee on Agriculture, Coiimlittee . on As we approach this decision, I think the oft-repeated -arguments for expand.. Armed Services, Committee on Merchant we should soberly consider the fact that ed trade in terms of our domestic econ- Marine and Fisheries, and Committee ·on for 2 long years the Soviet . Union has -omy. Such industries as automotive, Interior and Insular A1rairs; and that AN­ textiles, machinery, machine tools, diesel TONio F'ERN6s-IsERN, the Resident Commis­ been utilizing the tactics of trade agree .. sioner to the United States from Puerto Rico, ments as a means of attempting to split engines, trucks, tractors, oilfield ma­ is hereby elected an additional member of .the free world. That they have had suc­ chinery, agricultural implements, and • the following standing committees o-f the cess in negotiating trade agreements is many others, depend very heavily upon House_of Representatives: Committee on Ag­ undeniable. While we have stumbled, export. As indicated in the staff papers riculture, Committee on Armed Services, and faltered, and indicated to the world our of the Randall Commission report for Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. lack of ability to make up our collective example, sewing machines exports 22 The resolution was agreed to, and a minds, the Communist countries have percent of its product, motortrucks. 15 · motion to reconsider was laid on the negotiated a series of trade pacts. We percent, rolling-mill machinery, 34 per­ table. need go no further than the October cent, and so on. In agriculture the per.. 1952 Congress of the U. S. S. R. to find centage is even higher in many in­ LEGISLATIVE PRIORITY FOR TRADE that this is in fact a technique to divide stances; for example, rice 42 percent, the free world. Therefore, I am sure cotton 39 percent, wheat 33 percent, and · The SPEAKER. Under the previous we can agree that a decision indicating so forth. order of the House, the gentleman from some stability in American trade policy Exports of selected commodities as a per­ New Jersey £Mr. WILLIAMs] is recognized is not only needed but imperative at the for 30 minutes. centage oj United States production Mr. WILLIAMS of New Jersey. Mr. earliest possible date. Agri~ultural commodities 1 (1949-51 Speaker, the Congress is again approach- We have heard a great deal in recent average): ing the consideration of a foreign trade years about the urgent need to meet the Percent policy for the United States. The Pres- Communist threat in the world both ex.. Rice------42.6 Cotton------39. 0 ident has submitted his recommenda- ternally and internally. We hear many VVheat------33.5 tions to the Congress. This year's mes.. people scream and beat their breasts Inedible tallow______:. __ 33. 3 sage-by and large--constitutes a re- about how anti-Communist they are­ Grain sorghum------29. 5 amrmation of the recommendations the but yet they apparently fail to see that Soybeans------25.1 President made last year and upon which the Soviet use of trade is a weapon in Tobacco ------25. 1 22.0 the Congress failed to take constructive the international sphere. Not only is NonagriculturalLard------commodities 2 (1951): action. It is my belief that our failure the soviet trade offensive a part of their Rolling-mill machinery and parts ___ 34. 9 to take positive action in liberalizing our pattern to conquer the world, but, more 1Xactors------22.6 trade policy has had in the past 2 years discouraging, for 2 years they have been Textile machinery__ .:______.:______21. 6 and is continuing to have a serious detri.. relatively successful in their use of this Printing machinery and equipment__ 17. 5 mental effect upon the United States Oilfield machinery, tools, and parts __ 17.3 position as a leader of the free world technique. One of the reasons they Office appliances ______16. 3 alliance. In addition, it iS clear that ex- have been successful is our own lack Motor trucks and coaches ______15. 6 panding trade is vital to continue _our · of capacity to come to a decision on this Agricultural machinery (except trac- dynamic and expanding economy at question. Our allies .in Europe and ti:e tors)------11.7 home. It· is therefore reassuring not Far East must trade m order to remam 1 From testimony before the Commission only to the ~ountry but to the world to · strong and to continue to grow econom­ on Foreign Economic Policy by Mr. Alan note that the Democratic leadership of ically. For example, if Japan does not Kline, Oct. 28, 1953. this Congress has indicated top prio·rity gain entrance to markets in the West, 2 Foreign Commerce VVeekly, July 27, 1953. for this legislation. she must turn again toward China and According to the estimates made for UNITED sTATEs TRADE DECISION viTAL the Soviet Union. the Randall Commission by the Depart­ The doctrinal arguments for free trade TRADE DECISION NECESSARY FOR FREE WORLD ments of Agriculture, Commerce, and and for protection are well known to the ALLIANCE · Labor, a total of 4Y2 million employed Congress. They have been stated and The closer our economic relations with persons in this country are dependent restated for many years. However, I be- our allies, the more stable our political upon foreign trade for their livelihood. CI--32 49S CONGRESSIONAL-·RECORD -~ HOUSE January 20. Private employment of wage earnera and· salaried worker1 attributable to export• from the United .States, 1947 (excluding construction industries)

' Number of empl~yees in non- Percentage Number of employees in non- Percentage agricultural industries (in of employees ~ff:' .. agricultural industries (in o{ employees thousands) in nonagri- thousands) in nonagri- 50 in- cultural es- 50 in- cultural es.- dus- tabllshments dus- tablisbments Indus~ try Dependent upon dependent Industry try Dependent upon dependent r-o exports upon exports .. 1-0 -exports upon exports codest Total cod est Total Total Di- Indl- Di- Di- Indi- Di- rectly rectly Total rectly Total rectly rectly Total rectly ------TotaL------~--- .. ----- 37,413.4 22,526.6 1,322.4 1, 204.2 6.8 3.5 Agricultural, mining, and con------struction machinery------20 293.6 57.5 50.5 7.0 19.6 17.2 Food and kindred products •• .: •• 2 1, 583.9 95.0 64.9 30.1 6.0 4.1 Metalworking machinery ______21 248.3 41.0 27.8 13.2 16.5 · 11.2 Tobacco manufacturers ..•••••••• 3 104.0 12.6 8. 5 4.1 12.1 8.2 Other machinery except elec- Textile-mill products .••••••••••• .4 1, 050.8 153.8 100. 8 53.0 14.5 9. 5 trlcaL ______------__ 22 1, 019.2 140.6 97.8 42.8 13.8 9.6 AppareL.------_------5 1,396. 0 44, 7 . 32.1 12.6 3.2 2.3 Motors and generators ______23 128.9 21.1 10.0 11.1 16.4 7.8 Lumber and wood products _____ 6 838. 3 57.8 23.4 34.4 6.9 2.8 Radios. ___ _-- ---. ______------24 201.0 . 18.9 13. "5 5.4 9.4 6. 7 Furniture and fixtures ______7 340.0 8.5 4.1 4.4 2.5 1.2 Other electrical machinery __.• : . 25 598. 7 52.1 25.7 26.4 8. 7 4.3 Paper and allied products ______8 464.8 44.6 9. 3 35. 3 9.6 2.0 Motor vehicles ______26 776.2 90. 0 55.9 34.1 11.6 7.2 Printing.and publishing ______9 747.2 44.8 8.2 3fi. 6 6.0 1.1 Other transportation equipment. 27 489.8 57.3 39.7 17.6 11.7 8.1 Chemicals ______------10 694.6 91.0 40. 3 50. 7 13. 1 5. 8 Professional and scientific equip- Products of petroleum and coal. 11 397.1 52.8 19.8 33.0 13.3 5.0 ment______------28 264.9 32.1 23.6 - 8.5 12.1 8.9 Rubber prqducts .•. ~------12 270.4 31.9 16.2 15.7 11.8 6.0 Miscellaneous manufacturing ____ 29 460.6 32.7 18.9 13.8 7.1 4.1 Leather and leather products ____ 13 408.5 18.0 9.0 9.0 4. 4 2.2 Coal, gas, and electric power •••• 30 916.1 87.9 35. . 7 52.2 9.6 3.9 Stone, clay, and glass products .. 14 598. 8 55.1 25.2 29.9 9.2 4. 2 Railroad transportation.------31 1, 530.1 172.9 90. 3 82.6 11.3 5.9 Iron and stooL------15 964.5 160.1 47.2 112.9 16.6 4.9 Ocean transportation______32 220. 9 148.2 . 129.2 19.0 67.1 58.5 Nonferrous metals ______16 338.0 47. 0 9.1 37.9 13.9 2. 7 Other transportation ______33 1, 201.9 88. 9 38.4 50.5 7. 4 3.2 Plumbing and beating supplies. 17 171.1 6. 7 4.1 2.6 3.9 2.4 Trade ______------34 6, 984.8 265.4 167.6 97.8 3. 8 2.4 Fabricated structural metal Communications .• __------____ -- 35 619.8 26.0 7.4 18.6 4.2 1.2 products. __ ------18 205.6 10.5 6. 0 4. 5 5.1 2.9 Other nonmanufacturing indus- Other fabricated metal products. 19 616.9 70.9 26.5 44.4 11.5 4.3 tries------36--44 10,258.1 188.2 35.7 152.5 1.8 ~3 I 1 The industry classifications indicated in this table do not necessarily coincide State and local government. A minor difference also results from the use of revised -with those for which BLS employment data are regularly published. data not as yet reflected in the published BLS total of nonfarm employment for 1947. 2 The total of nonagricultural employment presented in this table differs from the J)ublished total owing primarily to the exclusion of construction and Federal and Source: U. S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Division of Interindustry Economics, Nov. 5, 1952.

It is obvious that unless our trade poli­ Number of workers producing goods eq1tivalent to increases in annual imports after temporary cy permits exporting countries abroad tariff suspension to earn the necessary dollars they will [Based on estimated increases in imports in event of tariff suspension, by Howard S. Piquet in Aid, Trade and the be unable to buy the products of our ex­ Tariff] . port industries and the jobs of these people will be in jeopardy. Number of workers producing goods equivalent to- I'BOGBESSIVJ: TRADE POLICY ADVANTAGEOUS TO THE UNITED STATES Estimated minimum import Estimated maximum import What is even more significant is that, increases increases on balance, American competitive in­ Types of import increases in case of tariff genuity easily competes in the world suspension and area of employment Employed in- Employed in- market in many fields. It is clearly to our advantage to have expanded foreign Total Nonagrl- Agricul- Total Nonagrl- Agricul· cultural tural in· cultural tural in· trade since it will redound to the overall industries dustries 1 industries dustries 1 economic advantage of the United States. This may sound like having your cake and eating it too but it seems to me that A. All commodities •••••••••••••••••••••••• 189,090 57,360 131,730 404,990 135,040 269,950 the arguments for a progressive trade 1. Direct employment •••••••••••••• 109,040 40,060 68,980 237,820 97,540 140,280 80,050 17,300 policy lead tQ that conclusion. lt is 2. Indirect employment'------62,750 167,170 37,500 129,670 clearly to our national interest in terms B. Commodities in "area of maximum of the political situation in the world to­ import competition".------121,210 36,770 84,440 255,550 85,210 170,340 day to be the leader in trade policy as 1. Direct employment.••••••••••••• 69,900 25,680 44,220 150,070 61,550 88,520 well as in political and military policy. 2. Indirect employment. ••••••••••. 51,310 11,090 40,220 105, 480 23,660 81,820 It seems equally obvious to me that we 0. Commodities which would be likely to cause some displacement of domestic stand to gain more by a wide margin 96,240 than we stand to lose with a progressive goods - ----~------23,870 72,370 202,650 57,640 145,010 trade policy. As with England in the 1. Direct employment•••••••••••••• 59,660 18,280 41,380 127,730 44,960 82,770 19th century a liberal trade policy will 2. Indirect employment. ••••••••••. 36,580 5, 590 30,990 74,920 12,680 62,240 clearly aid in the growth of the Ameri­ 1 Agricultural employment figures are based upon Bureau of Agricultural Economics data. can economy to a very significant de­ 2 Includes estimates of offsetting employment in ocean transportation and insurance arising from assumed import gree. increases. Turning to the other side of the coin Source: U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Branch of Interindustry Economics. there are those people and industries who would be affected by any lowering It is therefore obvious that a gradual pie and the industries rapidly readjust of tariffs. The most accurate statistics program of liberalizing trade barriers to more competitive lines. Certainly, available in the staff papers of the Ran­ would have an adverse effect on a very the benefiting industries would pick up dall Commission illustrate that the num­ small number of people in the United much of the slack. However, we do rec­ ber of workers dependent on tariff pro­ States, while at the same time benefit­ ognize that people have gone into the tection is much smaller than those work­ ing a great many more people. How­ protected industries in good faith based ers who depend upon exports. Based on ever, the problem of adjustment would upon the assumption that continued the hypothesis that all tariffs would be affect a selected number of industries taritf protection would be afforded them. temporarily suspended, the Bureau of and the workers in them. Xherefore, if we are to arrive at a na­ Labor Statistics estimated that approxi­ GOVERNMENT ASSISTANCE NECESSARY FOR tional policy which benefits the vast ma­ mately 200,000 persons would be adverse­ READJUSTMENT jority but which will have some tempo­ ly affected. This is on the assumption Thus, it appears to me that in jus­ rary adverse effects on a small minority, that all tariffs would be suspended which, tice-since this is a decision of the Fed­ the Federal Government has a responsi­ of course, is a drastic position which is eral Government-the Federal Govern.. bility to assure readjustment of the being advocated by no one. ment should be concerned that the peo- select minority. CONGRESSIONAL REC6R.O ~HOUSE 499 ·. ~ With · this r in · mind, i: have inttoduced· -occur eventUall:f even in' the'' al5senc~ of could economically-be located· in these· areas a trade-adjustment bill. This bill would such assistance. It is· neither compen­ and still meet their own production and aid ind~tries--presentlY affected by our sation nor subsidy legislation. · It would marketing requirements, the problem of un­ tari11 employment from import competition would policy, as well as those which might make easier the adjustments that would be largely solved. be affected in the future. It seems to occur in the absence of Government as­ Carrying out a program of this kind under me that even .those who. disagree with sistance. At present, the same decisions private auspices might be done through an the proposition I have asserted regard­ by the President leave affected industries industrial development corporation, fash­ ing gradua.l liberalization of trade bar­ completely on their own. ioned after the ·community and State in­ riers will agree that this bill, in itself, The bill would provide for technical dustrial development corporations but oper­ is. neutral on the trade question. Re­ assistance to companies and communi­ ating on a national seale. The more that gardless of what we do on the tariff issue, ties needing it. Such assistance would private industry can utilize the skills of we all can support this trade-adjustment be directed toward the diversification of j;hese displaced workers through other means bill to aid those presently affected by output into products less vulnerable to the smaller the task left to the Government. our trade policy.- import competition than those that they Employees of industries and compa­ This bill is not in any sense of the have been producing. Federal funds nies .found eligible for assistance under word a compen.sation bill. It would not would be used to provide consulting en­ the program outlined in this bill would authorize compensation to either capital gineers, market researchers, and other be made eligible for extended unemploy­ or labor for losses incurred because of technicians whose services might prove ment compensation assistance. Such as_. import competition. What it seeks to helpful. This responsibility would be sistance would be administered through accomplish is facilitation of the neces­ assigned to the Department of Com­ our present Federal-State machinery; sary adjustments that increased im­ merce. but the added assistance would be ports in a few cases have made or might The same sort of assistance would be financed by Federal funds. The bill pro­ in the future make necessary. Such ad­ made available to communities. Export vides that benefits in cases where ad­ justments are, and would be, negligible industries might be encouraged to estab­ justment to increased imports is involved in comparison with the economy as a lish l>ranch plants in communities that should be extended from the present whole, and, in the aggregate, would cost are particularly vulnerable to import maximum of 26 weeks to a maximum of very little. competition. In the case of communi­ 52 weeks. WHAT THE BILL WOULD DO ties, one objective would be to encourage · Counseling and placement and special the broadening ·of the economic base in The bill introduced by: Senator KEN­ training allowances would also be ·pro­ order to provide as wide a variety of jobs vided for, together with special moving NEDY and myself would not provide for the establishment of any new Govern­ as possible for the population. allowances. Older workers who are un­ ment bureau or agency. It would estab­ In some cases supplementary financ­ employable would become eligible for re­ lish an ad hoc Adjustment Assistance ing might be necessary. In a number of tirement at age 60 rather than at age 65, Board consisting of representatives of States privately financed industrial de­ as at present, without prejudice to their interested Government departments. velopment corporations have been estab­ rights at the regular retirement age. . The new Board would not duplicate the· lished, and these could be helpful in Statements made by-other members of functions of the Tariff Commission or this connection. One function of the the Randall Commission regarding the any other Government body. It would Adjustment Assistance Board would be proposals of Mr. MacDonald indicate .assume responsibility only after the to facilitate the establishment and func­ that there is keen interest in this ap­ President found it necessary, in the na .. tioning of such corporations or similar proach to the problem. Some members tiona! interest, not to accept :findings of private bodies. In cases where financing indicated that, although they are in favor injury by the Tariff Commission but to by such means is not forthcoming, the of the general idea, they did not see how continue the duties in question in effect. Small Business Administration Act would it could be applied with regard to adjust­ Furthermore, the Board would be au­ be amended to permit larger loans for ments made necessary by increased im­ thorized to invoke the provisions of the this purpose, if necessary. ports while not being available also to act only after the President directed it to Companies found eligible for assist­ assist in making adjustments necessi· do so. If the President thought it best, ance would also have the privilege of tated by other actions of Government. he could decide not to invoke it and allow accelerated tax amortization on new I can see some reason for such hesi .. the industry and the workers concerned plant and equipment for the purpose of tancy. But does it follow that because to make whatever adjustments are neces­ introducing new products or expanding there are other cases than those caused sary without Government assistance. production in lines other than those by increased imports that are in need He could, of course, choose to follow the affected by tariff changes. of assistance that we should not concen­ recommendations of the Tariff Commis­ These proposals follow, in many re­ trate at this time upon the one currently sion and increase the rate of duty or im­ spects, the recommendations made by before us? It seems to me that rather pose a quota in order to prevent injury, Mr. David MacDonald in his statement than holding ourselves back from doing as existing law provides. regarding adjustment to increased im­ anything, in the absence of a fully Once the President made his decision, ports in the report of the Randall Com­ rounded program, we should take care the Adjustment Assistance Board would, mission. Mr. MacDonald, president of of the present problem. That is what in those cases where the President so the United Steel Workers of America, this proposed legislation is all about. ·directed, be charged with the responsi­ was labor's representative on the Randall IS THIS SOCIALISM? bility of determining eligibility for the Commission. Even though the majority There may be some who will call the benefits provided for in the bill. The of the Commission did not choose to go program outlined in this bill socialism·. only change this represents is that, at along with him in these recommenda- . Nothing could be more incorrect. There present, the President can and very fre­ tions, they did think sufficiently well of is nothing compulsory about the assist­ quently does refuse to accept Tariff Com­ the recommendations to give them great ance provided for in this bill. Nothing mission recommendations despite find­ prominence in the final report of the in it would give to the State, or any of ings of injury. Under this legislation, Commission. its representatives, any power to push when he does so, he could invoke the With regard to community adjust­ people around or to force them to shift provisions of the act to aid affected in­ ment, Mr. MacDonald said: from one line of activity to another. In­ dustries if he feels that such aid is Large sectors of expanding American in­ stead, it would, in quite democratic needed. dustry have a substantial interest in pro­ moting export trade and, consequently, in fashion, lend a helping hand to those The Adjustment Assistance Board lowering barriers to increased imports. Most who happen· to be situated in uneco­ would keep in close touch with the situ­ of these manufacturers are in fast-growing nomic endeavors. It is not central plan­ ation and whenever in its opinion the industries and have long-term plans for ex·­ ning. On the contrary, it would facili­ benefits provided are no longer neces­ panding their plant and equipment. If a tate the adjustments that would occur sary, it would order their termination. number of such firms would undertake to in the natural course of events in the place a. relatively small proportion of their The intention of the leg-islation is not to branch plant expansion in areas with pres­ absence of Government interference. create a new set of vested interests but ent or prospective labor surpluses resulting Instead of allowing the natural forces to to facilitate adjustment for affected in­ •from import competition, selecting from work themselves out slowly, it would dustries which in all li~elihood would their expansion plans .such operations as speed them up. . 500 CONGRESSJONAL_ RECORD_- HOUSE January 20.

This is the precise opposition of so­ RussiallS she had domination Qver at th~ effect of their tariff concessions .. or cialism. It would not substitute deci· close of Wprld War I:t. Can anyone reductions. · · · · · · · sions of the State for decisions by in.; truthfully say world peace has been Mr. Speaker, the following are some dividuals, but would, rather make the advanced? . of the general effects of tari1! reductions decisions of individuals meaningful. Second, Mr. Speaker, what about world upon our American. industries: . . This legislation would, in my opinion, prosperity? Are we any nearer world First. The American jeweled watch make the individual enterprise system prosperity today than we were in 1934? industry has been practically closed out even stronger than it now is, relative to To try to bring about world prosperity as a result of our tariff reductions since totalitarian systems. It would go a long we 'have given away over $100 billion in 1934. We formerly had 20 jeweled watch way toward dissipating unreasoning the last 15 years-$60 billion lend-lease companies in the United States; now we fear and, at the same time, would during the war and $50 billion· since the have 3-the Waltham Watch Co., the strengthen our own economy by bring­ war-to say nothing of the $200 billion Elgin Watch Co., and the Hamilton ing the economies of the other countries we have spent for national defense in Watch Co. Eighty percent of the Ameri.,. of the free world closer to ours. Unity the cold war. Has world prosperity been can market for jeweled watches has been here means economic strength. Eco­ advanced by the Reciprocal Trad~ taken over ·by Swiss watch manufac­ nomic strength makes spiritual courage Agreements Act? Certainly, our own turers. and determination easier, and, together prosperity has not been advanced, be­ Second. Lowered tariffs in the fresh with the military preparedness that is cause we are in debt today to the tune and frozen fish industry have resulted in already underway, such strength can go of over $300 billion, which is more than such large fish imports at such· cheap a long way toward the creation of a truly all the other nations _of the world owe, rates that American fishermen are un­ sttong free world. all put together; and more than twice able to compete. Some of our largest fish as much as all the nations of Europe owe, processing plants have moved to· other all put together. countries where wage rates are lower. OUR SO-CALLED RECIPROCAL Thira, Mr. Speaker, what about amity TRADE AGREEMENT PROGRAM Third. Widespread unemployment is among nations? Is good will or amity now prevalent iri our industries that The SPEAKER pro tempore . [Mr. among nations any nearer today than make chinaware, pottery, glassware, and DEANE]. Under previous order of ·the it was before 1934? Let us be specific: kitchen articles. All industries classified House, the· gentleman from Illinois [Mr. Has the relationship between France and as handcrafts are affected, industries MAsoN] is recognized for 20 minutes. .. Germany improved since 1934? Between that depend largely upon hand skills. Mr. MASON. Mr. Speaker, I' ask Pakistan and India? Between Palestine This is the direct result of tariff reduc· unanimous consent to revise and extend and Arabia? Between Italy and Yugo-::­ tions and the greatly increased imports my remarks and include an editorial. . slavia ?.-to say nothing about the _con­ of those articles. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to ditions in the Far East. Fourth. Thousands of lead and zinc the request of the gentleman from What about internal dissensions and miners are today out_of work and on re­ Illinois?. strife? Italy with her 36 percent Com:­ lief because of greatly incr~ased imports There was no objection. munist vote in the last election; France of both lead and zinc. ~ecently our zinc Mr. MASON. Mr. Speaker, I want to with 25 percent of her national legisla­ factories have been reducing their work­ take the time assigned to me to present ture composed of Communist members? ing forces or going on a part-time basis the other _side of the picture that the gen­ What about Nationalist China and Com­ because 'of the importation of processed tleman has just .Presented. munist China? What .about England, zinc. Mr. Speaker, today the United States torn between her Socialist Labor Party has the lowest tariff walls in our entire and her conservative Churchill Party? Fifth. An excellent example of the way history-almost the lowest tariff walls in Has good will among men and amity import licenses work is the American the world-with an average tariff rate among nations been advanced by the motorcycle. American producers for­ of 5.1 percent. This is a lower average Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act? merly enjoyed a substantial market for motorcycles in Great Britain, in Aus~ tariff rate than any one of our principal I say, ''Not so that anyone can no­ trade competitors, with the exception of tralia, and in other British areas. The tice it." British duty on motorcycles was reduced · Japan. Today we stand eighth from the Finally, Mr. Speaker, have world-trade bottom of all the nations of the world on under the reciprocal trade agreements, barriers been reduced? Do we have a but under the British import license sys­ tariff rates, while Great Britain, our chief freer flow of goods today across national competitor, stands fourth from the top tem American motorcycles have been ab­ borders than we had in 1934? Dr. Clair solutely shut out of British markets. No with an average tariff rate of 25.6 per­ Wilcox, one of the best posted men in cent, exactly 5 times as high as our amount of . persuasion by would-be America on problems of foreign trade, American exporters has been able to average tariff rate. We. have traveled formerly director of international trade a long way-a very long way-in the last alter this situation; so today we ship no for the State Department, stated in a motorcycles to England or to Australia, 60 yea-rs, from the position of being one recent speech: of the highest tariff countries in the but they ship their motorcycles and their world to that of being one of the lowest. The trade of the world today is more bicycles into our ports and have taken tightly regimented than it ever has been over a considerable portion of our Dare we lower our tariff rates still fur­ before in history, in time of peace. ther? American market .. Mr. Speaker, our Reciprocal Trade True, tariff wall~ have been lowered Mr. Speaker, these are just a few sam· Agreements Act has been in effect exactly until today world tariff walls are only pies of the direct result of our reciprocal 21 years. It has reached its majority. about half as high as they were in 1934. trade agreements program, and the· re­ What has it accomplished? It was en,. But while world tariff walls have· been sults are only beginning to become evi­ acted in order to advance world peace, lowered, other obstacles or barriers more dent. In the face of these facts-and world prosperity, and amity among na­ effective than tariffs have been erected they are cold hard facts-can anyone say tions. Has it done so? in their place, such as import and ex­ that our reciprocal trade agreements First, Mr. Speaker, has world peace port licenses, trade preferences, cur­ program has been a success? Should been advanced? During the 21 years the rency manipulations, multiple currencies, the program be continued? Should the Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act has quotas, subsidies, state trading, and so President be given the power to lower our been on the books we have had World forth. So, in the face of these facts I tariffs still further.? War II. We have had the Korean inci.. ask, what is the use of lowering tariff These three questions must be met and dent. We have had the so-called Span­ barriers if the nations of the world erect answered by 'the Congress and by the ish civil war. We have had ·a years of other and more effective barriers in the people of the United States. Upon the war in Indochina. We have had trouble place of those that have been lowered? correct answers to these ·questions de­ between England and Egypt, between It is a fact, and we must face it, that pend the future welfare .of -this Nation, India and Pakistan. We have had Com­ under the Reciprocal Trade Agreements its economic welfare, its .financial wel· munist Russia extending her Iron CUr· Act, practically every foreign country fare, yes, its soci~l and spiritual welfare tain beyond her borders until she now that has lowered its tariff duties has as well. ' · has control and domination over 900 erected other barriers against United Mr._ Spealter: the following editorial million people instead of the 300 milli9n States imports, thereby nullifying the taken from ~ th .e . Rich~ond Time~- 1955 CONGRESSIONAL -RECORD--HOUSE 501' Dispatch of Friday, January 14, 195s_::. Mr. EDMONDSON. - Mr. Sp-eaker, in relief at the courthouse, except in real one of the best newspapers in the United the latest issue of the magazine News­ emergency. States, a dyed-in-the-wool Jeffersonian week a distinguished former colleague of There are hungry people in Oklahoma Democratic newspaper--expresses my ours who is now Ambassador to Italy is today, and they number in the thous­ position and feelings so well in regard to quoted as calling the Democrats trouba­ ands. world tariff problems, that I feel I must dours of trouble and crooners of catas­ I call it catastrophe. I call it real include it as a part of my remarks in trophe. trouble. order to reinforce my position on the I have no ambition to be classified by I will continue to speak of it, with all tariff question: Ambassador Luce or anyone else as a the vigor and force I can muster, until . President Eisenhower said in his recent _ blues singer, but I cannot evade the duty the problem is met as this Congress is message to Congress concerning foreign eco­ of reporting to the Congress some very capable of meeting it. · nomic policy: "We and our friends abroad alarming facts· about our Nation's Let me give you several additional must together undertake the lowering of drought catastrophe. pieces of evidence concerning the gravity unjustifiable barriers to trade and invest­ Most Democrats are aware of the fact of our problem. ment, and we must do it on a mutual basis that catastrophes are not confined to so that the benefits may be shared by all." On January 4, 1955, ·the Tulsa World Wall Street, and economic trouble can reported that- So far, so good, but the President did not appear in other zones of national life indicate the extent of the discrimination besides the stock market. Most Demo­ Oklahoma and four other southern Gre'at against our goods overseas, and neither do Plains States may experience dust storms most other American advocates of lowered crats also feel it their duty to bring eco­ this year. worse than any since the thirties. tariff walls. nomic problems of the American people An estimated 1,112,000 acres of parched It should be noted that many govern­ to the attention of Congress, as often land in western Oklahoma are in a "condi­ ments are much more socialistic than ours, and as forcefully as necessary, where our tion to -blow" this winter or spring, the and . hence are in a position to exercise far national interest is involved. Soil Conservation Service has revealed. more control over exports and imports than I prefer to believe that most Republi­ The SCS, in a report circulated at the we do. Great Britain is an exampl~. cans in this House share this breadth of Agriculture Department, said the five-State The picture there may have changed view, and share likewise the Democratic O'l4tlook on soil conditions is more than twice slightly in the past 18 months, but a sum­ philosophy that any national disaster as bad as it was at this time last year. Other mary of the situation in the summer of 1953 · southern Great Plains States are Texas, appeared in U. S. News & World Report, as which is too big for local and State han­ Kansas, New Mexico, and Colorado. follows: dling is worthy of immediate attention SCS specialists reported that more dam­ "In Britain, the United States merchant and aggressive action by our Govern- a,se was done last year than in any single cannot sell autos, radios, or TV sets. He can ment. · year of the thirties. sell only token amounts of washing ma­ No one can deny the national scope of September, October, and November of 1954 chines, refrigerators, vacuum cleaners, our drought disaster. At present, 944 were generally dry or below average in pre­ dresses, cosmetics, and other nonessentials. counties in 18 States are recognized by cipitation, according to the report. He finds the Government regulating trade "Soil-moisture reserves have not been re­ in cotton, tobacco, machine tools, and other the Department of Agriculture as drought emergency areas. The drought plenished to carry the wheat through the necessities. His customers are bound by winter and next spring, except in a few quotas · and ·licenses, which -tell how much area extends from North Carolina west­ localities," the SCS said. can be bought from the United States and­ ward to Utah and Wyoming, and in­ Drought conditions over the past several by whom. They need permits for dollars to cludes in addition the great States of years have not produced cover for the land pay." Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Georgia, and much land does not have crop residues Not only is the foregoing true of the coun­ Kansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, or structure or surface roughness. try which is perhaps our best friend on Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South the international scene, but Britain has been Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia. This basic condition of the soil is the treating other European countries better reason why rains and snow which have than it treats us-Germany, to take one ex­ Farmers home disaster loans have been made available in 8 of these 18 been falling during the current month­ ample. Germany is permitted to export au­ while very helpful and greatly appre­ tomobiles to Britain, for instance, whereas States-Kansas, Louisiana, Missouri, we are forbidden to do so. New Mexico, Mississippi, Oklahoma, ciated-are not likely to avert a continu­ It should be pointed out that this latter Tennessee, and Texas. ation of drought conditions in 1955. type of discrimination was put into effect We have had the attention of our On the contrary, Oklahoma A. and M. throughout western Europe with the consent National Government, all right, and to climate experts have officially predicted of our own authorities, who were seeking a limited extent we have had Federal another dry year in 1955. to build up European industries so as to get On January 18, Gov. Raymond Gary, them off the backs of the American taxpayer. action. Now that those industries have been built On the basis of considerable mail as of Oklahoma, wired me that- up, it seems highly desirable that this type well as first hand observation in the Only small areas in Oklahoma have had of discrimination be terminated. drought areas of Oklahoma, I cannot any moisture and prospects for production Various other devices for keeping out avoid this conclusion regarding our Fed­ of hay this coming spring and summer are American goods should also be terminated .. eral drought program: Relief has not not good. Two years of normal rainfall It would be absurd for us to lower our bar­ only been too little and too late, but all needed to bring native pastures back to nor­ riers substantially, while Europe, Japan, and mal. Long-range forecast indicates below other countries kept theirs virtually station­ too often the relief has been given in normal rainfall for next 12 months. ary, or raised them. the wrong place. Nor is there any point in minimizing the There is strong and mounting evidence From the Pawhuska Journal of Decem­ tremendous obstacles inherent in the social­ that the small farmer and cattleman ber 12, 1954, comes this confirming evi­ istic, planned economies of many countries. with limited resources and most urgent dence of the drought's severity: Controls and economic planning usually go need for drought assistance is not re­ Oklahoma's worst drought year since 1910 hand in hand. ceiving substantial help from the present 1s rapidly drawing to a close with profound Mr. Eisenhower's emphasis on mutual con­ program. effects on the State's agricultural economy, cessions is precisely right, ·but let's never lose The Department of Agriculture can an Associated Press survey showed Saturday. sight of the fact that barriers to a free flow The resulting hardships are multiplied be­ of trade are even higher abroad than they show some handsome figures on feed cause the entire State has already been stag­ 'are at home. As such, they will have to be assistance and FHA loans, but those of gered by a dry cycle which has had agriculture brought down proportionately with ours, if us in hard-hit drought areas can cite on the skids for some years now. any effective and meaningful lowering of far too many instances of wholesale herd More than 100,000 persons are receiving these barriers on an international scale is 'to liquidations, farm sell-outs and food food and other relief directly from the State be had. relief cases. Emergency Relief Board exclusive of the gen­ In my own State, 115,000 people are eral welfare aid in a revival of the program reported on direct food relief, and the used in the depression. THE NATION'S DROUGHT More Oklahomans were looking for work CATASTROPHE total is expected to reach 125,000 by March 1 of 1955. Farm officials tell me December 1 than any comparable time since The SPEAKER pro tempore. Unqer 1946. that more than one-half of these people Farmers and ranchers have just completed previous order of the House, the gentle­ are farmers and their families. a poor crop and livestock year, and the con­ man from Oklahoma [Mr. EDMONDSON] I know the farm people of Oklahoma, tinuing drought has placed a dark cloud over is recognized for 30 minutes. and I know they would not seek food their prospects for next year. 502 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE January-20

In the same article are these b1eak dropped almost $3¥2 billion in 1954. Ag~ also recognize, on a permanent basis, the figures on crop yields in 1954: riculture is the only segment of our econ~ national and enduring character of the This drought year saw the cotton yield omy showing no gain in 1954, and it is problem qf drought; which is nothing decline one-third from the . 467,000 oa~es in the only one anticipating nothing but but critical shortage of water at a given 1953. reductions in 1955. time and point. Wheat, the State's big money crop, is not The national figures on farm income I am hopeful the President's forth­ even up to a stand in many areas, and this and farm equities, when added to the re~ , coming recommendations for drought year's crop was below average at around 70 million bushels. gional catastrophe of drought, are addi­ legislation, promised us on January 6, Corn, once a major crop, climaxed several tional cause for genuine alarm over the will recognize this need for a permanent years of near failures with the worst yield in announced budget plans in the field of national program. I am hopeful it will history--3,258,000 bushels, about one-eighth agriculture. remedy the financial shortcomings of of what the State once harvested. The figures offer small promise of ad­ the budget message in this field with Confronted with a shortage of hay and ditional strengthening of our declining an urgent request for additional funds grain feeds, farmers are having to spend more farm income-and certainly are a danger to finance the battle on drought. than ever for feed with the knowledge they In the hope of lending some small as~ may not break even. Federal aid in the form signal for all who are interested in of cheaper feed, loans, and lower hay freight seeing a realistic and helpful drought sistance in the legislative field, I plan to rates has helped, but fell far short of solving program. follow this brief talk in a few days with the problem. A frontline fighting force in the bat~ a detailed report on the subject of a The cattleman is the major victim of the tle against drought damage is the Soil drought program. drought, in the opinion of Harley Custer, Conservation Service, which the presi~ Because the first step in improvement manager of the National Livestock Commis­ dential budget proposes to cut from $59,~ is to locate and understand mistakes in sion Co. 085,671 in fiscal year 1955 to $55,696,200 what we now have, the first portion of Custer, a keen observer of the livestock in fiscal 1956. this report will deal with some of the situation who has appraised h~rds all over the State, says the rancher today is definitely Loan authority for the Farmers' Home shortcomings of the present disaster not making any money. Administration, chief source of disaster program. Like most Members from the "He can't get enough fo:~;: a calf to pay keep­ loans, has been reduced from $166 mil~ . drought areas, I have had many letters ing the cow all year and still pay his over­ lion in 1954 to $153 million in 1955, and and telephone calls on this subject. head,' he said. "The cow that used to bring $147 million in 1956. The charges against our present pro~ a $150 calf now brings a $75 calf. The cost The agricultural conservation pro~ gram include the general complaint of of keeping her is still at least $40. Virtually all the profit is absorbed, and only a big gram, in charge . of soil-building and inadequacy, many specific complaints of operator with a good quality herd can sur­ water-conserving practices, has its new discrimination against the small and vive for long." money cut from a $226 million actual ex~ lightly financed farmer and rancher, and penditure in .1954 to a recommended the serious charge that bigtime feed and It is a tribute to the toughness and $175 million in fiscal1956. Although $15 seed dealers, speculating and profiteer~ courage of the Oklahoma farmer and million was appropriated for emergency. ing in many cases with Government sur~ rancher, in addition to the relief meas~ wind damage control in 1954, absolutely plus commodities, have been the chief ures which have been undertaken thus nothing is recommended for this worth..:. beneficiaries of our drought relief pro~ far, that so many have been able to sur~ while purpose in the new budget. gram. vive as long as they have. Further darkening the picture of To some extent, at least, my forth~ The figures on farm income for 1954 funds recommended to meet the farm~ coming report will document these are further evidence of the national ers' needs, we read in the budget of a charges. character of the problem we face. $15 million cut in funds for commodity I also have in preparation several The December 16, 1954, release by t:he procurement for the school-lunch pro~ pieces of proposed legislation, designed Department of Agriculture on the farm gram. to repair at once some of the weaknesses income situation illustrates the plight of The announced intention of continu~ in our present disaster program, and to all farmers. According to this report, ing to provide sw·plus foods for this pro~ provide the framework for a permanent cash receipts from farm marketings for gram, while commendable, does little to and constructive approach to drought the first 10 months of 1954 were more meet the problem of declining farmer control. than a billion dollars below those for the income. . I am sure the Members of the 84th same period of 1953. Although farm Like most Americans from our coun­ Congress, in large part, share my earnest marketings for the first 11 months aver~ try's drought areas, I was cheered by belief that we cannot hope for a prosper­ aged 4 percent less than in the same these words in President Eisenhower's ous America without a prosperous farm period of 1953, marketings in October state of the Union message · on Janu~ economy. were 9 percent below October of 1953. ary 6: Unless we defeat the grim menace of In Oklahoma, one of the two States Because drought also remains a serious drought damage, there is little hope for in which all counties have been declared agricultural problem, I shall recommend nationwide farm prosperity in the next eligible for drought-emergency assist~ legislation to strengthen Federal" disaster as­ few years. ance, cash receipts from crops marketed sistance programs. The people of Oklahoma are grateful in October 1954 were more than $14 I awaited the budget message with the for the national recognition already ex~ million below October 1953, a drop of al~ earnest hope that it would include money tended to the drought emergency which most 34 percent. In the other State of recommendations which would make they share with other States. As one of 100-percent drought damage, South possible the needed liberalization of ex­ their Representatives in this great delib~ Carolina, crop receipts were down almost isting drought disaster programs, includ­ erative body, I respectfully urge that this $27 million or almost 50 percent. ing expansion of soil conservation and Congress lose no time in translating that Total crop receipts in October 1954 ACP activities, greater lending authority recognition into constructive and ade­ w~re about $241 million below October for !"HA, money for needed refinancing quate action. 19li3. In only 11 States among those loans on a long-term basis and at low Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, will the listed in the drought-emergency cate~ interest rateG. gentleman yield? gory, crop receipts were down $286 mil~ We urgently need a truly long-term Mr. EDMONDSON. I yield to the gen~ lion in the same month. Crop receipts approach to the problem of drought. tleman from Oklahoma. · in Mississippi, a . State hard hit by which is just as devastating and cr1,1el Mr. ALBERT. I want to congratulate drought, were down more than $70 mil­ in its huma,n and property damage as my colleague upon the very informative. lion in October, a drop of about 50 per­ the menace of floods. well worked out and splendid statement cent. In my opinion, the time has come for he has made to the House. I want also The income outlook for most of our a national drought-control program-a to compliment him for the work he has farmers is a dark one indeed. Farm program as well planned, organized, and done on behalf of the drought-stricken prices are down and it appears to be financed as our flood -control program. people of Oklahoma. He has given more the purpose of the Department o!f Agri­ Everyone recognizes the national and attention to this subject than any Mem~ culture's present leadership to drive enduring character of the problem of ber of this House. them still lower. According to the flood-of a surplus of water at a . given Mr. EDMONDSON. I thank the gen~ chamber of commerce, farm equities 'time and point-and the Congress should tleman. He is certainly one .of our 1955 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 503 State's great legislative leaders and one Mr. EDMONDSON. I thank the gen­ without any mental reservation or who has done and is doing more for the tleman, and I appreciate his breadth of purpose of evasion; and that I will farmers than any other Member of Con­ vision and his interest on this point, be­ well and faithfully discharge the gress from Oklahoma. cause if we do not have a prosperous duties of the office on which I am Mr. BROOKS of Louisiana. Mr. farm economy, it is not possible for our about to enter. So help me God." Speaker, will the gentleman yield? farmers to buy the products of the in­ has been subscribed to in person and Mr. EDMONDSON. I yield to the dustrial East and North and other sec­ flied in duplicate with the Clerk of the gentleman from Louisiana. tions of our country. House of Representatives by each of the Mr. BROOKS of Louisiana. I want to following Members and Delegates of the compliment the gentleman on his very EXTENSION OF REMARKS 84th Congress, pursuant to Public Law splendid presentation of the problem in­ 412 of the 80th Congress entitled "An volving the drought-stricken rancher By unanimous consent, permission to act to amend section 30 of the Revised and farmer. My section of Louisiana is extend remarks in the RECORD, or to re­ Statutes of the United States" (U. S. c., in that disaster area and has been desig­ Vise and extend remarks, was granted to: title 2, sec. 25), approved February 18, nated so by the President of the United Mr. ASHMORE. 1948: States. The program has been placed in Mr. GENTRY. ALABAMA effect in that area. Mr. BARTLETT and to include an edi­ 1. Frank W. Boykin. In line with what the gentleman has torial. 2. George M. Grant. said I want to comment brie:fiy, if the Mr. RODINO. 3. George W. Andrews. gentleman will permit me in his time, Mr. ANFuso Fascell. 3. John M. Robsion, Jr. 6. William M. Colmer. 5. A. s. (Syd) Herlong, Jr. 4. Frank Chelf. MISSOURI Paul G. Rogers. 6. 5. Brent Spence. 1. Frank M. Karste14 7. James A. Haley. 6. John C. Watts. 8. D. R. Torbert H. Macdonald. 7. William B. Widnall. 17. Leslie C. Arends. 9. Donald W. Nicholson. 8. Gordon Canfl.eld. 18. Harold H. Velde. 10. Laurence Curtis. 9. Frank C. Osmers, Jr. 19. Robert B. Chiperfield. 11. Thomas P. O'Neill, Jr. 10. Peter W. Rodino, Jr. 20. Sid Simpson. 12. John W. McCormack. 11. Hugh J. Addonizio. 21. Peter F. Mack, Jr. 13. Richard B. Wigglesworth. 12. Robert W. Kean. 22. William L. Springer. 14. Joseph w. Martin, Jr. 13. Alfred D. Sieminski. 23. Charles W. Vursell. MICHIGAN 14. T. James Tumulty. 24. Melvin Price. 1. Thaddeus M. Machrowicz. NEW lloiEXICO 25. Kenneth J. Gray. 2. George Meader. At large INDIANA 3. August E. Johansen. Antonio M. Fernandez. 1. Ray J. Madden. 4. Clare E. Ho1Iman. John J. Dempsey. 5. Gerald R. Ford, Jr. 2. Charles A. Halleck. NEW YORK 3. Shepard J. Crumpacker, Jr. 6. Don Hayworth. 7. Jesse P. Wolcott. · 1. Stuyvesant Wainwright. 4. E. Ross Adair. 8. Alvin M. Bentley. 2. Steven B. Derounian. 5. John V. Beamer. 9. Ruth Thompson. 3. Frank J. Becker. 6. Cecil M. Harden. 10. Elford A. Cederberg. . 4. Henry J. Latham. 7. William G. Bray. 11. Victor A. Knox. 5. Albert H. Bosch. 8. Winfield K. Denton. 12. John B. Bennett. 6. Lester Holtzman. 9. Earl Wilson. 13. Charles c. Diggs, Jr. 7. James J. Delaney. 10. Ralph Harvey. 14. Louis C. Rabaut. 8. Victor L. Anfuso. 11. Charles B. Brownson. 15. John D. Dingell. 9. Eugene J. Keogh. IOWA 16. John Lesinski, Jr. 10. Edna F. Kelly. 1. Fred SchwengeL 17. Martha W. Griffiths. 11. Emanuel Celler. 2. Henry 0. Talle. 18. George A. Dondero. 12. Francis E. Dorn. 13. Abraham J. Multer. 3. H. R. Gross. MINNESOTA 14. John J. Rooney. 4. Karl M. LeCompte. 1. August H. Andresen. 15. John H. Ray. 5. Paul Cunningham. 2. Joseph P. O'Hara. 16. Adam Clayton Powell, Jr. 6. James I. Dolliver. 3. Roy W. Wier. 17. Frederic R. Coudert, Jr. 7. Ben F. Jensen. 4. Eugene J. McCarthy. 18. James G. Donovan. 8. Charles B. Hoeven. 5. Walter H. Judd. 19. Arthur G. Klein. 1955 .CONGRESSIONAL .:RECORD ·- HOUSE 505 20. Irwin D. Davidson. PENNSYLVANIA 'OTAH 21. Herbert Zelenko. 1. William A. Barrett. 1. Henry Aldous Dixon. 22. Sidney A. Fine. 2. William T. Granahan. 2. William A. Dawson. 23. Isidore Dollinger. 3. James A. 'Byrne. VERMONT 24. Charles A. Buckley. 4. Earl ·Chudoff. At Large 25. Paul A. Fino. 5. William J. Green, Jr. Winston L. Prouty. 26. Ralph A. Gamble. 6. Hugh Scott :l7. Ralph W. Gwinn. 7. Benjamin F. James. VIRGINIA 28. Katharine St. George. 8. Karl C. King. 1. Edward J. Robeson, Jr. 29. J. Ernest Wharton. 9. Paul B. Dague. 2. Porter Hardy, Jr. 30. Leo W. O'Brien. 10. Joseph L. Carrigg, 3. J. Vaughan Gary. 31. Dean P. Taylor. 11. Daniel J. Flood. 4. Watkins M. Abbitt. 32. Bernard W. Kearney. 12. Ivor D. Fenton. 5. William M. Tuck. 33. Clarence E. Kilburn. 13. Samuel K. McConnell, Jr. 6. Richard H. Poff. 34. William R. Williams. 14. . George M. Rhodes. 7. Burr P. Harrison. 35. R. Walter Richman. 15. Francis E. Walter. 8. Howard W. Smith. 36. John Taber. 16. Walter M. Mumma. 9. W. Pat Jennings. 37. W. Sterling Cole. 17. Alvin R. Bush. 10. Joel T. Broyhill. 38. Kenneth B Keating. 18. Richard M. Simpson. WASHINGTON 39. Harold C. Ostertag. 19. James M. Quigley. 1. Thomas M. Pelly. 40. William E. Miller. 20. James E. Van Zandt. 2. Jack Westland. 41. Edmund P. Radwan. 21. Augustine B. Kelley. 3. Russell V. Mack. 42. John R. Pillion. 22. John P. Saylor. 4. Hal Holmes. 43. Daniel A. Reed. 23. Leon H. Gavin. 5. Walt Horan. NORTH CAROLINA 24. Carroll D. Kearns. 6. Thor c. Tollefson. 1. Herbert C. Bonner. 25. Frank M. Clark. 26. Thomas E. Morgan. At large 2. L. H. Fountain. Don Magnuson. 3. Graham A. Barden. 27. James G. Fulton. 4. Harold D. Cooley. 28. Herman P. Eberharter. WEST VIRGINIA 5. Thurmond Chatham. 29. Robert J. Corbett. 1. Robert H. Mollohan. 30. Vera Buchanan. 6. Carl T. Durham. 2. Harley 0. Staggers. 7. F. Ertel Carlyle. RHODE ISLAND 3. Cleveland M. Bailey. 8. Charles B. Deane. 1. Aime J. Forand. 4. M.G. Glenn R. Davis. At large 4. Robert T. Ashmore. 3. Gardner R. Withrow. 4. Clement J. Zablocki. Usher L. Burdick. 5. James P. Richards. 6. John L. McMillan. 5. Henry S. Reuss. Otto Krueger. 6. William K. Van Pelt. omo SOUTH DAKOTA 7. Melvin R. Laird. 1. Gordon H. Scherer. 1. Harold 0. Lovre. 8. John W. Byrnes. 2. William E. Hess. 2. E. Y. Berry. 9. Lester R. Johnson. 3. Paul F. Schenck. TENNESSEI: 10. Alvin E. O'Konski. 4. William M. McCulloch. 1. B. Carroll Reece. WYOMING 5. Cliff Clevenger. 2. Howard H. Baker. At large 6. James G. Polk. 3. James B. Frazier, Jr. E. Keith Thomson. 7. Clarence J. Brown. 4. JoeL. Evins. 8. Jackson E. Betts. 5. J. Percy Priest. ALASKA 9. Thomas L. Ashley. 6. Ross Bass. Delegate 10. Thomas A. Jenkins. 7. Tom Murray. E. L. commemorate the migra­ state and Fore'ign Commerce. were given furloughs or leaves upon being tion of the Acadians from Nova Scotia to By Mr. WILLIAMS of New Jersey: mustered out of the service; to the Commit­ Louisiana; to the Committee on Banking H. R. 2689. A bill to incorporate the Le­ tee on Veterans' Affairs. and currency. gion of Guardsmen; to the Committee on the H. J. Res. 152. Joint resolution authorizing H. R. 2676. A bill to authorize the issuance Judiciary. · the President of the United States of Amer­ of a special series of stamps commemorative H. R. 2690. -A bill- ica to proclaim October 11, 1955, General of the 200th anniversary of the migration of DECLARATION OF PURPOSE AND POLICY Pulaski's Memorial Day for the observance the Acadians from Nova Scotia to Louisiana; and commemoration of the death of Brig. To reaffirm the national public policy and Gen. Casimir Pulaski; to the Committee on t _o the Committee on Post Office and Civil the purpose of Congress in the laws against Service. the Judiciary. unlawful restraint and monopolies, com-­ By Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts: By Mr. THOMPSON of New Jersey: monly designated "antitrust" laws, which H. R. 2677. A bill creating a Fecteral com- . H. J ..Res. 153. Joint resolution authorizing among other things prohibit price discrimi­ the President of the United States to pro­ mission to study the copyright laws and to nations; to aid in intelligent, fair, and ef­ make recommendations for their revision; to claim April 19 of each year Patriot's Day for fective administration and enforcement the commemoration of the events that took the Committee on the Judiciary. · thereof; and to strengthen the Robinson­ By Mr. THOMSO~ of Wyoming: place on April 19, 1775; to the Committee on Patman Anti-Price Discrimination Act and the Judiciary. H. R. 2678. A bill to provide for granting the protection which it affords to independ­ to the several States the minerals and min­ By Mr. THOMPSON of New Jersey: ent business, the Congress hereby reaffirms H. J. Res. 154. Joint resolution establishing eral rights subject to disposition under the that the purpose of the antitrust laws in Mineral Leasing Act of 1920 on the condi­ a Commission on Government Security; to prohibiting price discriminations is to se­ the Committee on the Judiciary. tion that the income from such minerals and cure equality of opportunity of all persons By Mr. U'IT: mineral righte be used for public-school to compete in trade or business and to pre­ purposes, and for other purposes; to the H. J. Res. 155. Joint resolution· providing serve competition where it exists, to restore for a more effective contr-ol of narcotic' Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. it where it is destroyed, and to permit it to By Mr. UDALL: drugs, and for other purposes; to the Com­ spring up in new fields; to the Committee on mittee on Ways and Means. H. R. 2679. A bill to amend the act to pro­ the Judiciary. tect scenic values along Oak Creek Canyon By Mr. VANZANDT: By Mr. WILSON of California: and certain tributaries thereof within the H. J. Res. 156. Joint resolution designating Coconino National Forest, Ariz.; to the Com­ H. R. 2691. A' bill to amend the Civil Serv­ Korean veterans as war veterans; to the Com­ ice Retirement Act of May 29, 1930, as mittee on Veterans' 'Affairs. mittee on Interior and Insular Affairs. amended, so as to provide certain benefits for H. R. 2680. A bill to promote the rehabill­ By Mr. WALTER: the widows of employees who died prior to H. J. Res. 157. Joint resolution establishing tation of the Papago Tribe of Indians and a February 28, 1948, and for other purposes; better utilization of the resources of the a Commission on Government Security; to Papago Tribe, and for other purposes; to the to the Committee on Post Office and Civil the Committee on the Judiciary. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. Service. · By Mr. BOSCH: _ H. R. 2681. A bill providing for the leasing By Mr. WITHROW: H. Con. Res. 44. Concurrent resolution call• by Indian owners of restricted Indian lands H. R. 2692. A bill to amend the Seniority ing for the publication and reexa.rrilnation in the State of Arizona for certain purposes; Act for Rural Mail Carriers to provide a of the Yalta and Potsdam agreements; to to the Committee on Interior and Insular method for the promotion of substitute rural the Committee on Foreign Affairs. Affairs. carriers to the position of regular rural car­ By Mr. METCALF: H. R. 2682. A bill relative to the explora­ riers; to the Committee on Post Office and H. Con. Res. 45. Concurrent resolution pro­ tion, location, and entry of mineral lands Civil Service. viding that any identifiable group of Ameri­ within the Papago Indian Reservation; to the By Mr. HARRIS: can Indians shall be given the opportunity Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. H. J. Res. 143. Joint resolution consenting to participate in the drafting of any proposed By Mr. VAN ZANDT: to an interstate compact to conserve oil and legislation which concerns them; to the H. R. 2683. A bill to provide a vitalized and gas; to the Committee on Interstate and Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. equitable Reserve program for the Armed Foreign Commerce. By Mr. MILLER of California: Forces; to provide for the operation of the By Mr. VURSELL: H. Con. Res. 46. Concurrent resolution es­ National Security Training Corps, and for· H. J. Res. 144. Joint resolution consenting. tablishing a Joint Committee on Intelligence; other purposes; to the Committee on Armed to an interstate compact to conserve oil and to the Committee on Rules. Services. gas; to the Committee on Interstate and By Mr. MULTER: By Mr. VINSON: Foreign Commerce. H . Con. Res. 47. Concurrent resolution es­ H. R. 2684. A bill to provide for the ad­ By Mr. BASS of Tennessee: tablishing a Joint Committee on Consumers; ministration of the Ryukyu Islands, and for H. J. Res. 145. Joint resolution relating to to the Committee on Rules. other purposes; to the Committee on Armed tobacco allotments and marketing quotas; to By Mr. SIKES: Services. the Committee on Agriculture. · H. Con. Res. 48. ·Concurrent resolution es­ H. R. 2685. A bill to provide medical care By Mr. BOGGS: tablishing a Joint Committee on· Intelligence for dependents of members of the Armed . H. J. Res. 146. Joint resolution for the­ Matters; to the Committee on Rules. Forces of the United States, and for other preservation for posterity of the archives By Mr. THOMPSON of Louisiana: ' purposes; to the Committee on Armed establishing the fundamental history of H. Con. Res. 49. Concurrent resolution Services. 4Jnerica made by the heroic men and women commemorating the 200th anniversary of · 1955 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 511 the migration of the Acadians. from. Nova H. R. 2702. A bill for . the relief of Mrs. By Mr. GATHINGS: _ Scotia to Louisiana and other areas; to the Jeannette Pelletier; to the Committee on the H. R. 273.1. A b111 for the relief of Sing Committee on the Judiciary. Judiciary. Fong York; to the Committee on the Judi­ By Mr. WILLIS: . H. R. 2703. A bill for the relief of. Ettore ciary. H. Con. Res. 50. Concurrent resolution Penna; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. GRAY: commemorating the 200th anniversary of By Mr. OLIVER P. BOLTON: H. R. 2732. A bill for tpe relief of Fred c. the migration of the Acadians from Nova H. R. 2704. A bill for the relief of Kazuko Gallander; to the Committee on the Judi- Scotia to Louisiana and other areas; to the Iwata Rausch; to the Committee on the Ju­ ciary. Committee on the Judiciary. diciary. By Mr. GREEN of Pennsylvania: By Mr. ANFUSO: By Mr. CARNAHAN: H. R. 2733. A bill for the relief of Wlady­ H. Res. 97. Resolution creating a select H. R. 2705. A bill to provide for payment slaw Krajck; to the Committee on the Judi­ committee to conduct an investigation and of the adjusted service certificate of Loving ciary. study of the causes of crime committed J. Collins; to the Committee on the Judi- By Mr. GUBSER: in violation of the laws of the United States, ciary. H. R. 2734. A b111 for the relief of Capt. and of other crimes affecting the national By Mr. CARRIGG (by request) : Charles M. Jones; to the Committee on the health, welfare, and morals, and of methods H. R. 2706. A bill for the relief of Incencio Judiciary. of preventing such crimes; to the Committee Nunez; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H. R. 2735. A bill for the relief of Inako on Rules. By Mr. CHELF: Yokoo; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. CELLER: H. R. 2707. A bill for the relief of Terry L. H. R. 2736. A bill for the relief of Roy M. H. Res. 98. Resolution providing funds for Hatchett; to the <}ommittee on the Judiciary. Butcher; to the Committee on the Judici­ the Committee on the Judiciary; to the H. R. 2708. A bill for the relief of Thomas ary. Committee on House Administration. Kunhyuk Kim; to the committee on the · H. R. 2737. A bill for the relief of Matilde By Mr. MEADER: Judiciary. T. Bariao; to the Committee on the Judici­ H . Res ..99. Resolution amending certain By Mr. COUDERT: ary. provisions of rule XI of the Rules of the H. R. 2709. A bill for the relief of the H. R. 2738. A b111 for the relief of Teresa House of Representatives; to the Committee estate of Rene Weil; to the Committee on the Jurjevic; to the Committee on the Judici­ on Rules. Judiciary. ary. MULTER: By Mr. By Mr. CRETELLA: H. R. 2739. A bill for the relief of Irma Fon­ H. Res. 100. Resolution cre~ting a Select H. R. 2710. A bill for the relief of Eduardo tanini Citti; to the Committee on the Judi­ Committee on Consumer Interests; to the Orefice; to the Committee on the Judiciary. ciary. Committee on Rules. By Mr. CRUMPACKER: H. R. 2740. A b111 for the relief of Kate H. R. 2711. A bill for the relief of Fortunato Fiorovic and Pave Fiorovic; to the Commit­ Portilla Delgado; to the Committee on the MEMORIALS tee on the Judiciary. Judiciary. H. R. 2741. A b111 for the relief of Aavo By Mr. DAVIDSON (by request): Under clause 4 of rule XXII, memo­ Lohuaru; to the Committee on the Judici­ H. R. 2712. A bill for the relief of Emanuel ary. rials were presented and referred as Mathes; to the Committee on the Judiciary. follows: By Mr. DAVIS of Georgia: H. R. 2742. A b111 for the relief of George By Mr. FORAND: Resolution of the Rhode H. R. 2713. A bill for the relief of Hugo Car; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Island General Assembly memorializing the Skala, Maria Skala (Skalova) his wife, and By Mr. HALLECK: Congress of the United States to take cog­ Paul Skala, his son; to the Committee on the H. R. 2743. A blll for the relief of Robert nizance of the acute problems attending the Judiciary. Wong and Faith Wong; to the Committee on recent devastation resulting from tidal floods By Mr. DEVEREUX: the Judiciary. in the Narragansett Bay area, and to lend H. R. 2714. A bill for the relief of Vasilios By Mr. HAYS of Ohio: support for appropriate action in having the Demetriou Kretsos and his wife, Chryssa H. R. 2744. A blll for the relief of Aristides situation surveyed, and to make available Thomaidou Kretsos; to the Committee on the Kritikas; to the Committee on the Judiciary. funds to aid the State of Rhode Island and Judiciary. By Mr. HOFFMAN of Illinois: the cities and towns to finance the protec­ By Mr. DEVEREUX (by request): H. R. 2745. A bill for the relief of Casimir tive works recommended; to the Committee H. R. 2715. A bill for the relief of Panagio­ Ramsauskas; to the Committee on the Judi· on Public Works. tes Roumeliotis; to the Committee on the ciary. By Mr. HESELTON: Resolutions of the Judiciary. · By Mr. HUDDLESTON: House of Representatives, Commonwealth of By Mr. ENGLE: . H. R. 2746. A bill for the relief of the First Massachusetts, memorializing the Congress H. R. 2716. A bill for the relief of Margarita National Bank of Birmingham, Ala.; to the of the United States in favor of the· passage. Exposito Garcia; to the Committee on the Committee on the Judiciary. of legislation reducing the age at which per­ Judiciary. By Mr. KILDAY: sons shall be eligible to receive social-secu­ H. R. 2717. A bill for the relief of Giles P. H. R. 2747. A bill for the relief of Col. Mc­ rity benefits; to the Committee on Ways and Fredell and wife; to the Committee on the Farland Cockr111; to the Committee on the Means. Judiciary. Judiciary. By Mr. FASCELL: By Mr. LANE: PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS H. R. 2718. A b111 for the relief of Fernanda H. R. 2748. A bill providing for the exten­ Milani; to the Committee on the · Judiciary. sion of patent No. 119,187; to the Committee Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private H. R. 2719. A b111 for the relief of certain on the Judiciary. bills and resolutions were introduced aliens; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. McGREGOR: and severally referred as follows: By Mr. FINO: H. R. 2749. A b111 for the relief of George By Mr. ANFUSO: H. R. 2720. A bill for the relief .of Maria Risto Divitkos; to the Committee on the H. R. 2693. A bill for the relief of Cesare :Ruggieri; to the Committee on the Judi­ Judiciary. Di Lollo; to the Committee on the Judiciary. ciary. H. R. 2750. A b111 for the relief of W1lliam H. R. 2694. A bill for the relief of Sarah H. R. 2721. A bill for the relief of Mihal S. Lin, Jean C. Lin, Annie Lin, FuMing Lin Lowinger; to the Committee on the Judi­ Indig; to the Committee on the Judiciary. (also known as Dina Lin) , and Cheng Lie Lin ciary. H. R. 2722. A bill for the relief of Dominick (also known as Richard Lin) ; to the Com­ By Mr. BE.TI'S: Lechich; to the Committee on the Judiciary. mittee on the Judiciary. H. R. 2695. A bill for the relief of Ludmilla H. R. 2723. A bill for the relief of Mrs. H. R. 2751. A bill for the relief of Peter Marla Anderwald and her minor child; to Ingeborg Lee; to the Committee on the Ju­ Berth; to the Committee on the Judiciary. the Committee on the Judiciary. diciary. By Mr. METCALF: H. R. 2724. A bill for the relief of Miss El­ H. R. 2752. A bill for the relief. of Lupe M. . H. R. 2696. A bill for the relief of Margue­ vira Bortolin; to the Committee on the Ju­ rita Willer; to the Committee on the Judi­ Gonzalez; to the Committee on the Judi· diciary. ciary. ciary. H. R. 2725. A bill for the relief of Alfonso By Mr. BOLAND: Reda; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. MILLER of California: H. R. 2697. A bill for the relief of Eric L. H. R. 2726. A bill for the relief of Vin­ H. R. 2753. A bill for the relief of Geraldine Reid; . to the Committee on the Judiciary. cenzo Governali; to the Committee on the Gean Hunt and Linda Marie Hunt; to the H. R. 2698. A bill for the relief of Joseph Judiciary. Committee on the Judiciary. Felix Adrien Dionne; to the Committee on H. R. 2727. A bill for the relief of Mrs. H. R. 2754. A bill for the relief of John S. the Judiciary. Hermina Vidor; to the Committee on the Barreiro: to the Committee on the Judiciary. H. R. 2699. A bill for the relief of Wilbra­ Judiciary. H. R. 2755. A b111 for the relief of Benjamin ham Academy; to the Committee on the H. R. 2728. A bill for the relief of Dr. Fred­ Johnson; to the Co~ittee on the Judiciary. Judiciary. eric S. Schleger; to the Committee on the By Mr. MILLER of New York: H. R. 2700. A bill for the reU:ef of Astor Judiciary. H. R. 2756. A bill for the relief of Frank Cole; to the Committee on the Judiciary. - H. R. 2729. A bill for the relief of William Scriver; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. BOLAND (by request): Badinelli; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. O'BRIEN of New York: H. R. 2701. A bill for the relief of Panta­ By Mr. FOGARTY: H. R. 2757. A bill for the relief of Gershon, leone Capuano; to tJ;le Committee on the H. R. 2730. A bill for the relief of Maria Szyna, and Herz Broolt; to the Committee Judiciary. Ansuini; to the Committee on the Judiciary. on the Judiciary. 512 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE January 20.

H. R. 2758. A bill ior the relief of Schlllerla, . H. R. 2777. A' bill fqr "t lie i'ellef' of Geor~e By Mr. WESTLAND' (by request): Rifka, ·and Kalman Blady; to the Committee L. Goetz; to the Committee on the Judiciary: H. R. 2794. A bill for the relief of Bjorne on the Judiciary. · By Mr. ROGERS of Colorado: Norman deBough; to the Committee on the H . R. 2759. A bill for the relief of the Yahya H. R. 2778. A bill for the relief of Jacob Judiciary. Aryeh family; Malekjahan, Moussa, Nouriel, Grynberg; to the Committee on the Judi·: By Mr. WICKERSHAM: Gabriel, Emanuel, Parvin, Curiel, Ouziel, ciary. H . R. 2795. A bill authorizing the President Eliahou, and Samuel Aryeh; to the Commit­ H. R. 2779. A bill for the relief of Mikie of the United States to present in the n ame tee on the Judiciary. Sato and Haruhiro Sato; to t}+e Committee: of Congress a Medal of Honor to Joseph H. R. 2760. A bill for the relief of the estate on the Judiciary. Oklahombi; to . the Committee on Armed of William B. Rice; to the Committee on the By Mr. SCHERER: Services. Judiciary. H. R. 2780. A bill for the relief of Dr. Byung By Mr. WIDNALL: H. R. 2761. A bill for the relief of Maria Hack Youn; to the Committee on the Ju-· H. R. 2796. A bill for the relief of Mrs. (Henriette) Zagrabowicz; to the Committee diciary. Khatoun Malkey Samuel; to the Committee on the Judiciary. · By Mr. SEELY-BROWN: on the Judiciary. H. R. 2762. A bill for the relief of Bent H. R . 2781. A bill for the relief of Anna G. By Mr. WILLIAMS of New Jersey: Petersen; to the Committee on the Judi­ Pruczinski Wood; to the Committee on the H. R. 2797. A bill for the relief of Mrs. Seyre ciary. Judiciary. Odichou; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H. R. 2763. A bill for the relief of Aurelio· By Mr. SHEPPARD: By Mr. WILSON of California: Guidi, Andreina Guidi, and Giorgio Guidi; . H. R. 2782. A bill for the relief of Josefa H. R. 2798. A bill for the relief of Alfred to the Committee on the Judiciary. Martinez Infante; to the Committee on the Johann Hoinski; to the Committee on the H. R. 2764. A bill for the relief of Victor Judiciary. Judiciary. and Irene-Wanda Goldstein; to the Commit· By Mr. SHORT: H. R. 2799. A bill for the relief of Milan P. tee on the Judiciary. H. R. 2783. A bill for the relief of Andrew, Vojvodic; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H. R. 2765. A bill for the relief of Joseph, Wing-Huen Tsang; to the Committee on the By Mr. MARTIN: Brocha, and Jehoushija Genger; to the Com­ Judiciary: H . J. Res. 158. Joint resolution authorizing mittee on the Judiciary. By Mr. SHUFORD: the appointment - of General of the Army By Mr. PATTERSON: . H . R. 2784. A bill for the relief of Dixie. Douglas MacArthur as general of the armies H. R. 2766. A bill for the -relief of Jose Novelty Co.; to the Committee on the Ju­ of the United States·; to the Committee on Maria Lopes Ramos and his wife and minor diciary. Armed Services. children; to the Committee on the Judiciary., By Mr. SMITH of Virginia: By Mr. POAGE; · H. R. 2785. A bill for the relief of Anesti N. H. R. 2767. A bill for the relief of Edward­ Baicoushe1f; to the. Committee on the Ju· PETITIONS, ETC. Mixson; to the Committee on the Judiciary. diciaryBy Mr. TRIMBLE:: Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions H. R. 2768. A bill for the relief of Charles' R. Law, Jr.; to the Committee on the Judi·. H. R: 2786. A bill for the relief of Mrs. Jean~ and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk ciary. Barbara Laing Vance; to the Committee on and referred as follows: H. R. 2769. A bill for the relief of Tennessee tbe Judiciary. · 56. By Mr. -CANFlELD: Petition of the New c. Batts; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr; UDALL: Jersey State League of Municipalities oppos- By Mr. RAY: . H. R. 278'7. A bill to authorize the accept- fng any proposal by Congress to tax the in­ H. R. 2770. A bill for the relief of Elly S. ance on behalf of the United States of the come of municipal a~d other public agency (Angelides) Christofllos; to the Committee conveyance and release by the Aztec Land· bonds; to the Committee on Ways and Means. on the Judiciary. & Cattle Co., Ltd., of its right, title, and in-. 57. Also, petition of the New Jersey State By Mr. REECE of Tennessee: terest in lands within the Coconino and League of Municipalities supporting the H. R. 2771. A bill for the relief of Mrs. Sitgreaves National Forests, in the State ·bf actions of the American Municipal Associa­ Soledad Tejera Suarez Herreros and her son, Arizona, and the payment to said company· tion in urging Congress to provide payments Rafael; to the Committee on the Judiciary. of the value of such lands, and for other· to municipalities in lieu· of taxes on federally H. R. 2772. A bill for the relief of Jamil purposes; to the Committee on Interior and. owned property; to the Committee on In- Masri; to the Committee on the Judiciary.' Insular Affairs. terior and Insular Affairs. H. R. 2773. A bill conferring jurisdiction By Mr. UTT: - 58. By Mr. JENNINGS: Petition of the upon the United States District Court for H. R. 2788. A bill for the relief of Miguel· Smyth County Farmers Union urging that · the Eastern District of Tennessee to hear, Sandoval-Michel (also known as Arturo, legislation be enacted to permit the Korean determine, and render judgment upon any Rodriguez-Gomez); to the Committee on the war veterans to receive the same benefits claim arising out of personal property dam-· Judiciary. as those of World Warn in regard to institu­ age sustained by the Security Feed and Seed . H. R. 2789. A bill for the x:ellef of Andrija· tional on-farm training; to the Committee on' Co. of Johnson City, Tenn.; to the Committee Artukovic; to the Committee on the Judi-, Veterans' Affairs. on the Judiciary. ciary. 59. By Mr. SMITH of Wisconsin: Resolu- By Mr. RHODES of Arizona: H. R. 2790. A bill for the relief of Ana Marta· tion of the Veterans of Foreign wars, Depart­ H. R. 2774. A bill to authorize the accept·· Artukovic, Visnja M. Artukovlc, Zorica D u ment of Wisconsin, in a meeting held at ance on behalf of the United"States of the Artukovic, and Radoslav Artuk.ovic; to the Kenosha, Wis., in December 1954 "that the conveyance and release by the Aztec Land and Committee on the Judiciary. time has come for the United States to de· Cattle Co., Ltd., of its right, title, and in· By Mr. WATTS: fend its citizens by delivering an ultimatum terest in lands within the Coconino and H. R. 2791. A bill for the relief of Ofelia to Red China to set free all prisoners, both Sitgreaves National Forests, in the State of Martin; to the Committee on the Judiciary.: military and civilian, who are being unjustly Arizona, and the payment to said company By Mr. WESTLAND: confined; further that in the event of a re- of the value of such lands, _and for other . H. R. 2792. A bill for the relief of Glen fusal by Red China to comply with such re· purposes; to the Committee on Interior and Miner; to the Committee on the Judiciary. quest, that-the United States take such post- Insular Affairs. H. R. 2793. A bill conferring jurisdictioll' tive action as is deemed necessary to accom­ By Mr. ROBSION of Kentucky: upon the Court of Claims· of the United plish the purpose of this resolution"; to the . H. R. 2775. A bill for the relief of Chrisavge States to hear, examine, adjudicate, and: Committee on Foreign Affairs . Christodoulopoulou; to the Committee on render judgment on any and all claims in 60. Also, resolution of the Rock County, the Judiciary. . law or equity, which Maquinna Jangle Clap- Wis., Bar Association unanimously adopted H. R. 2776. A bill for the relief of Lillian lanhoo, of Neah Bay, Wash., may have against on December--16, 1954:, in protest against the ~rensen Howell; to the Committee on the the United States; to the Committee on the 1.ncreasing complexity of Federal income tax Judiciary. Judiciary. laws; to the Committee on Ways and Means.

_E,XTENSt'ONS OF .REMAR_KS Set Net Legislation Alaska fishery are made and enforced ery. The Fish and Wildlife Service im­ by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the mediately announced that as a conse-. EXTENSION OF REMARKS Department of the Interior. -By custom quence of this ruling 1955 regulations OP and, it must be assumed, because con~ would require these nets to. be not less servation would best be served thereby, than 1,800 feet distant one from another HON.E.L.BARTLETT set nets, a form of gear for the taking o( or a much greater distance than has DELEGATE FROM ALASKA salmon, have been spaced at di1Ierent been the case in most. areas of. Alaska. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVFS distances in different sections of Alaska: It is generally agreed that this would Last summer a Federal judge of the dis-. create :chaos, no less. Therefore bills Thursday, January 20, 1955 trict court for Alaska held that set nets have been introduced in the Congress Mr. BARTLETI'. Mr. Speaker, under are fixed gear· within the meaning of the seeking legislative cure.· It is my under­ Federal law, regulations governing the organic act concerning the Alaska fish- standing that in principle they are en-