Section 5 – Water Quality and Testing
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Consumer Confidence Report for 2012
City of Oregon Water Treatment Plant 2012 Water Quality Report The Oregon Water Treatment Plant’s drinking water continues to surpass all federal and state drinking-water standards. This is the fifthteenth annual report on the quality of water delivered by the City of Oregon. It meets the federal Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) requirement for “Consumer Confidence Reports”. Safe water is vital to our community. We have a current, unconditioned license to operate our water system. Please read this report carefully and, if you have any questions, call the numbers listed below. Serving You With EXCELLENT Water Quality and Supply Is Our GOAL If we can further assist in answering your questions regarding the water plant or any other water treatment issues, please call Doug Wagner, Superintendent of Water Treatment at 419-698-7123, between the hours of 7:30 AM and 4:00 PM weekdays or on the web at: www.oregonohio.org and follow the links to “The Departments”, then to “The Utilities” and click on “The Water Plant” for our web page and E-mail link. All contract or monetary decisions concerning the water plant are made at city council meetings held the second and fourth Mondays at 8:00 PM in Oregon Council Chambers. Meeting agendas are posted in the municipal building main hallway by the main door and also by following the link to “The City Council” on the city’s web site; www.oregonohio.org This buoy marked the intake structure in Lake Erie when the Plant was built in 1962 and is now on display at the Water Plant. -
010-Cloracion-Salina .Pdf
Prohibida la reproducción total o parcial de esta tarifa, por cualquier medio, sin autorización escrita de Naturalchlor, S.L. This price list may not be reproduced in whole or in part and by any means whatsoever without written permission of Naturalchlor, S.L. Indice Index 1 Presentación 2 Presentation 2 Cloradores Salinos Domésticos 6 Domestic Salt Water Chlorinators 2.1. Modelos Autolimpiables SMC20 - SMC30 6 Self-Cleaning Models SMC20 - SMC30 2.2. Modelos Autolimpiables CP12 - CP23 - CP85 - CP125 8 Self-Cleaning Models CP12 - CP23 - CP85 - CP125 3 Cloradores Salinos Comerciales 9 Commercial Salt Water Chlorinators 3.1. Modelos Autolimpiables SMCP100 - SMCP150 11 Self-Cleaning Models SMCP100 - SMCP150 3.2. Modelos Autolimpiables (RC): SMCP200 - SMCP300 - SMCP400 - SMCP500 - SMCP800 SMCP1000 - SMCP1250 - SMCP1500 - SMCP2000 - SMCP2500 - SMCP3000 12 Self-Cleaning Models (RC): SMCP200 - SMCP300 - SMCP400 - SMCP500 - SMCP800 SMCP1000 - SMCP1250 - SMCP1500 - SMCP2000 - SMCP2500 - SMCP3000 4 Reguladores de pH y Cloro 14 pH and Chlorine Controllers 4.1. Natural pH Basic y Natural pH Public 14 Natural pH Basic and Natural pH Public 4.2. Natural ORP (redox) 15 Natural ORP (redox) 4.3. Natural pH Cloro 16 Natural pH and Chlorine 4.4. Diagrama de Instalación de los Reguladores 17 pH Controllers Installation Diagram 5 Instrumentos de Medición 18 Measuring Instruments 5.1. Medidor de Sal DIST 2 y medidor de pH 18 Salt Meter DIST 2 and pH meter 5.2. Medidor de pH/Cloro Libre y Total 19 Meter of pH, Free Chlorine and Total Chlorine 6 Bombas de Calor para piscinas y spas 20 Heat Pumps for Swimming Pools and Spas 7 Recambios Cloradores Salinos 22 Spare Parts for Salt Water Chlorinators 7.1. -
The City of Fitchburg Public Works Department/Utility Division 2020 Annual Water Quality Report North System PWSID #11302313
The City of Fitchburg Public Works Department/Utility Division 2020 Annual Water Quality Report North System PWSID #11302313 THE MARK OF EXCELLENT SERVICE The City of Fitchburg, Public Works Department/Utility Division, is pleased to present to you the Annual Water Quality Report for 2020. We are committed to providing our customers with safe and reliable drinking water. This commitment demands diligence, foresight, investment, and long-range planning. Monitoring and treatment are key methods by which the City of Fitchburg protects the public water supply. Each year the Utility Division works hard at ensuring your water supply meets the highest of standards established by the State of Wisconsin and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Drinking water in Fitchburg continues to meet or exceed all of the Environmental Protection Agency’s standards. The water quality data contained in this report is based on monitoring results from the 2020 calendar year. FITCHBURG WATER How often is Fitchburg’s water tested? which is more susceptible to surface contamination. Certified staff at the City of Fitchburg and certified Though certain aquifers may be less susceptible than laboratories conducts the following tests: others, all aquifers are susceptible to some degree of Daily: Fluoride contamination. For this reason, it is imperative that Weekly: Chlorine (two times) wellhead protection guidelines are practiced in an Monthly: Bacteriological (25 samples) effort to maintain the quality of water produced by these wells. Additional testing is completed quarterly, annually, and tri-annually based upon the State of Wisconsin What is my water treated with? and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Your water is treated with liquid chlorine at each requirements. -
Protocols for the Chlorination of Drinking Water (For Small to Medium Sized Supplies)
Government of Sudan Federal Ministry of Health Ministry of Water Resources, Irrigation and Electricity Protocols for the chlorination of drinking water (for small to medium sized supplies) 31 Dec 2017 1 Contents Contents ........................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Acronyms .......................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Glossary of terms.............................................................................................................................................................. 4 Acknowledgements .......................................................................................................................................................... 4 1. Key Facts: Chlorination ....................................................................................................... 5 2. Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 6 2.1 Why chlorinate? ...................................................................................................................................................... 6 2.2 Purpose, scope, limitations and structure .............................................................................................................. 6 2.2.1 Purpose of this document -
Reclaimed Water
Dear Customer Water Quality Drinking Water Sources We are pleased to present this year’s Annual Water Quality Operators from the City of Alamogordo Water Treatment The City's water comes from several sources, depending on Report (Consumer Confidence Report) as required by the Safe division regularly collect and test water samples from reser- seasonal and situational demands and the amount each Drinking Water Act (SDWA). This report is designed to pro- voirs and designated sampling points throughout the system can produce. The primary source comes from a system of vide details about where your water comes from, what it to ensure the water delivered to you meets or exceeds feder- spring compounds, infiltration galleries and stream diver- contains, and how it compares to standards set by regulatory al and state drinking water standards. In 2018, we conducted sions in the Fresnal and La Luz Canyon systems. The water agencies. This report is a snapshot of last year’s water quality. more than 2800 drinking water tests in collected from Este informe contiene informacion muy importante sobre la the transmission and distribution systems. these areas is calidad de su agua potable. Por favor lea este informe o co- This in addition to our extensive treat- piped to the muniquese con alguien que pueda traducer la informacion. ment process control monitoring per- City's 188 mil- formed by our certified operators and lion gallon raw Contaminants and Regulations online instrumentation. storage and The Susceptibility Analysis reveals that treatment The sources of drinking water (both tap water and bottled the utility is well maintained and operat- facility in La water) include rivers, lakes, oceans, streams, ponds, reser- ed, and the sources of drinking water are Luz. -
How to Measure Chlorine Residual in Water
How to measure chlorine residual in water World Health Organization The importance of chlorine force people to live in poor conditions such as in water tents or temporary buildings which make it Many of the most common diseases found in difficult to retain good hygiene practices; and they traumatized communities after a disaster or emergency are related to drinking contaminated water. affect their diet, often lowering their nutritional The contamination can be from micro-organisms (Table level and making them more vulnerable to 1) or natural and man made chemicals (Table 2). This disease. fact sheet concentrates on the problems caused by drinking water contaminated by micro-organisms as It is important, therefore, that all people affected by an these are by far the most common and can be emergency are provided with water of a high quality. reduced by chlorination. Chemical contamination is difficult to remove and requires specialist knowledge There are a number of ways of improving the quality of and equipment. drinking water. The most common are sedimentation and filtration followed by disinfection. (These are discussed in other notes in this series). Disinfection Table 1. Diseases related to drinking water (the killing of harmful organisms) can be achieved in a contaminated with micro-organisms number of ways but the most common is through the addition of chlorine. Chlorine will only work correctly, Diarrhoea* however, if the water is clear (Box 1). Typhoid* Hepatitis* Box 1. Cholera* How chlorine kills *Contaminated water is not the only cause of these diseases; water quantity, poor When chlorine is added, it purifies the water by sanitation and poor hygiene practices also play a role destroying the cell structure of organisms, thereby killing them. -
Physical-Chemical Treatment and Disinfection of A
PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL TREATMENT AND DISINFECTION OF A LANDFILL LEACHATE by Victor B. Bjorkman B.A.Sc., University of British Columbia, 1951 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF APPLIED SCIENCE in The Faculty of Graduate Studies C The Department of Civil Engineering) We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standards THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA May, 1979 Victor Bernhard Bj orkman In presenting this thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the Head of my Department or his representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my permission. Victor B. Bjorkman Department of Civil Engineering The University of British Columbia 2075 Westbrook Place Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1W5 Canada ii ABSTRACT Water, flowing through beds of refuse in a sanitary landfill, will leach organic and inorganic substances from the fill. These leached substances may be a source of pollution for receiving surface or ground waters. The leachate, before it is diluted by the receiving water, can usually be classed as a very strong waste water; that is, the levels of the waste water parameters COD, Suspended Solids, low dissolved oxygen and turbidity are many times those found in normal, municipal waste water. Added to these foregoing parameters are possible high levels of toxic chemicals and metals. -
Pool Chemical Information
Pool Chemical Information Acid o Acid is used mainly on salt pools to lower the pH. When the pH and alkalinity are out of balance, the chlorine is significantly less effective. The pH should be balanced between 7.4-7.6. Chlorinating with a salt water chlorinator produces a high pH (11.8). Without a weekly dose of Acid, salt systems will increase the pH to 7.8-8.2 or greater. A high pH can cause the pool to scale, and the chlorine would be locked up by the basicity. Without the use of Acid the pH can potentially ruin the salt cell in a few months. Algaecide o Algae are a microscopic single cell plants. While they are not directly harmful or toxic, they are unattractive in swimming pools since they discolour the water, usually green, which is unpleasant for swimmers. The vinyl can also become slippery if algae are stuck to it. As they are plants, they bloom in the same conditions as plants do. They require nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. They also like sunlight as it is essential for photosynthesis. This is where chlorophyll, which causes the green colour, utilises light energy and converts carbon dioxide into organic compounds essential for growth while releasing oxygen. Nitrogen is usually introduced into the water by bather contamination. Algaecide is the strongest available chemical we have, in conjunction with granular chlorine, to fight against algae break outs. This product can be used as a weekly preventive measure or as a concentrated dose to remove visible algae. There are more concentrated and less concentrated forms of the product depending on situation. -
Solar Water Disinfection to Produce Safe Drinking Water: a Review of Parameters, Enhancements, and Modelling Approaches to Make SODIS Faster and Safer
molecules Review Solar Water Disinfection to Produce Safe Drinking Water: A Review of Parameters, Enhancements, and Modelling Approaches to Make SODIS Faster and Safer Ángela García-Gil 1 , Rafael A. García-Muñoz 1 , Kevin G. McGuigan 2 and Javier Marugán 1,* 1 Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology (ESCET), Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, Móstoles, 28933 Madrid, Spain; [email protected] (Á.G.-G.); [email protected] (R.A.G.-M.) 2 Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, DO2 YN77 Dublin, Ireland; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Solar water disinfection (SODIS) is one the cheapest and most suitable treatments to pro- duce safe drinking water at the household level in resource-poor settings. This review introduces the main parameters that influence the SODIS process and how new enhancements and modelling ap- proaches can overcome some of the current drawbacks that limit its widespread adoption. Increasing the container volume can decrease the recontamination risk caused by handling several 2 L bottles. Using container materials other than polyethylene terephthalate (PET) significantly increases the efficiency of inactivation of viruses and protozoa. In addition, an overestimation of the solar exposure Citation: García-Gil, Á.; time is usually recommended since the process success is often influenced by many factors beyond García-Muñoz, R.A.; McGuigan, K.G.; the control of the SODIS-user. The development of accurate kinetic models is crucial for ensuring Marugán, J. Solar Water Disinfection the production of safe drinking water. This work attempts to review the relevant knowledge about to Produce Safe Drinking Water: A the impact of the SODIS variables and the techniques used to develop kinetic models described in Review of Parameters, Enhancements, the literature. -
Water Quality Data Stanford University's Annual Water Quality Data for 2005 (1)
Water Quality Data Stanford University's Annual Water Quality Data for 2005 (1) DETECTED CONTAMINANTS CONSTITUENTS WITH PRIMARY Unit MCL PHG or Range or Average or Typical Sources in Drinking STANDARDS (MCLG) Result (Maximum) Water TURBIDITY (2) Unfiltered Hetch Hetchy Water, max 5 NTU - TT NS 0.25 - 1.00 (3) (1.74) (4) Soil run-off Filtered Water - Sunol Valley WTP, max 1 NTU - TT NS NA (0.27) Soil run-off 95 percentage of time < 0.3 NTU - TT NS 100% (5) NA Soil run-off ORGANIC CHEMICALS (6) DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs) ppb 80 NS 11 - 71 (38) (7) By-product of drinking water chlorination Total Haloacetic Acids (HAAs) ppb 60 NS 6 - 47 (24) (7) By-product of drinking water chlorination Total Organic Carbon (TOC) (8) ppm NS NS 0.9 - 3.0 2.3 Various natural and man-made sources DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS (Stanford Samples) Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs) ppb 80 NS 23.3 - 50.3 (35.8) (7) By-product of drinking water chlorination Total Haloacetic Acids (HAAs) ppb 60 NS 14.0 - 33.0 (22.4) (7) By-product of drinking water chlorination MICROBIOLOGICAL (Stanford Samples) Total Coliform % <5 (0) 0 (0) Naturally present in the environment percentage of positives detected in any month INORGANIC CHEMICALS Aluminum ppb 1000 600 6 - 70 38 Erosion of natural deposits Fluoride (9) ppm 2.0 1.0 <0.1 - 1.25 1.0 Erosion of natural deposits Total Chlorine (Stanford Samples) ppm MRDL=4 MRDLG=4 1.7 - 2.7 (2.2) (7) Water disinfectant added for treatment CONSTITUENTS WITH SECONDARY Unit SMCL PHG Range Average Typical Sources in Drinking Water -
WATER TREATMENT Chlorine Feeders
WATER 154 TREATMENT www.proteam-me.com Chlorin Feeder 156 Dosing System 157 UV Sterilizer 163 Ozone Generator 168 Salt Chlorinator 170 155 www.proteam-me.com WATER TREATMENT Chlorine Feeders th CHLORINE FEEDERS 49 Years of Chlorine Feeder manufactured from unalterable ABS plastic matrial. Fixed with double Excellence safety system cover with built-in, manual air relief valve. Easy to use adjustment regulation valve and drain plug. Has mounting fixture for safe operation and correct installation. Comes with 1½” internal in-and outlet thread connection. Flow direction indicator or housing for correct installation. Feeders are available in inline-models. CHLORINE AND BROMINE FEEDER IN-LINE Capacity 4.21 LBS/2kg Max. Output 16 LBS/Hr. Max. working pressure 50 PSI - 3.44 bar - 3.51 kg/cm2 Total height 20 cm. Base diameter 14 cm. Code Description m3 00751050 Inline chlorine feeder 0.03 CHLORINE AND BROMINE FEEDER IN-LINE Capacity 9 LBS/4.08kg Max Output 32 LBS/Hr. Max. working pressure 50 PSI - 3.44 bar - 3.51 kg/cm2 Total height 36 cm. Base diameter 18 cm. Code Description m3 00751051 Inline chlorine feeder 0.03 FLOATING DISPENSER Allows easy dosage of pool chemicals with capacity for 4 tablets of 200 grams each. Code Pkg.Unit Standard Wt. (Kg) m3 00751053 1 - - 156 www.proteam-me.com WATER TREATMENT Dosing System SOLENOID DRIVEN DOSING PUMPS KEY FEATURES 49th •Double scale pulse frequency selector 0-100% and 0-20% Years of •PTFE diaphragm Excellence •Constant / On-Off dosing control •2 LED display status •Analogue Controls •Economically priced -
Drinking Water Treatment: Shock Chlorination Sharon O
® ® KLTELT KLTKLT G1761 Drinking Water Treatment: Shock Chlorination Sharon O. Skipton, Extension Water Quality Educator; Bruce I. Dvorak, Extension Environmental Infrastructure Engineer; Wayne Woldt, Extension Environmental Engineer; and William L. Kranz, Extension Irrigation Specialist treatment. While shock chlorination may not entirely elimi- Protecting private water supplies from bacterial nate these nuisance bacteria, it will usually help manage the contamination is critical to assuring good water quality. bacteria for a period of time. Shock chlorination can eliminate bacteria from water systems. Contaminants Removed by Shock Chlorination Water Testing Shock chlorination can be used to deactivate a variety of pathogenic and nonpathogenic microorganisms in drinking Public water systems routinely are tested for contaminants, water including coliform bacteria; fecal and E. coli bacteria; including bacterial contamination. If a public water supply and iron, manganese, and sulfur bacteria. is not bacteriologically safe, the water supplier must provide Water used for drinking and cooking should be free of public notification and must take immediate steps to provide coliform, fecal, and/or E. coli bacteria. Coliform bacteria is water safe for human consumption. commonly found in the environment. Human and animal Unlike public water supplies that are regularly tested to waste can be sources of fecal and E. coli bacteria in drinking ensure the water is safe to drink, individuals or families using water. These sources of bacterial contamination include runoff private water supplies are responsible for testing for contami- from feedlots, pastures, dog runs, and other land areas where nation. Generally, a private water supply should be tested for animal wastes are deposited. Additional sources include waste coliform, fecal, and/or E.