Alberta Archaeological Review
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ALBERTA ARCHAEOLOGICAL REVIEW Number 22 ISSN 0701-1776 Spring 1991 Copyright © 1992 by the publisher, The Archaeological Society of Alberta Inside: • Lu Bayrock Obituary Ribstones page 3 page 11 • Medicine Rock Artifact Photography page 6 page 20 Archaeological Society of Alberta Charter #8205, registered under the Societies Act of Alberta on February 7, 1975 PROVINCIAL SOCIETY OFFICERS FOR 1990-91 Rep.: Lawrence Halmrast (elected April 1991) P.O. Box 1656 Warner, Alberta T0H 2L0 President: Dr. Brian O.K. Reeves (403) 642-2126 #16, 2200 Varsity Estates Dr. N.W. Calgary, Alberta T3B 4Z8 South Eastern President: James Marshall (403) 286-8079 Alberta Archae 97 - 1st Street N.E. ological Society: Medicine Hat, Alberta T1A 5J9 Executive Secretary/ Mrs. Jeanne Cody (403) 527-2774 Treasurer: 1202 Lansdowne Avenue S.W. Rep.: David Jamieson Calgary, Alberta T2S 1A6 409 - 8th Street N.E. (403) 243-4340 Medicine Hat, Alberta T1A 5R8 Editor, Review & Dr. Michael C. Wilson (403) 529-1681 Publications: Department of Geography Alberta Underwater President: John Marczyk University of Lethbridge Archaeology Society: 4323-115th Street 4401 University Drive Edmonton, Alberta T6J 1P5 Lethbridge, Alberta T1K 3M4 (403) 427-3608 (bus.) (403) 329-2524 Rep.: John Marczyk Past President: John H. Brumley Group Box 20, Veinerville Peace River Centre: President: Morris Burroughs Medicine Hat, Alberta T1A 7E5 9205-111th Avenue (403) 526-6021 Grande Prairie, Alberta T8V 3L7 (403) 532-9588 Vice-President: (position not filled) Rep.: Morris Burroughs Elected Secretary: Beth (Mrs. E.A.) Macintosh #314, 4516 Valiant Drive N.W. • • • Calgary, Alberta T3A 0Y1 (403) 288-1837 Members of the Archaeological Society of Alberta receive a copy of the Alberta Archaeological Review. Non-members and institutions may subscribe to the AAR for $12.00 per cal REGIONAL CENTRES AND MEMBER SOCIETIES endar year. Cheques should be made payable to the Archae (election dates vary) ological Society of Alberta and should be sent to the Executive Secretary. Calgary Centre: President: A. Geoffrey Payne Unsolicited contributions are welcome for consideration for 2510-21st Street N.W. possible publication. The AAR welcomes submissions concern Calgary, Alberta T2T 5A8 ing Alberta archaeology or of special interest to practising or (403) 244-5296 avocational archaeologists in Alberta. The views expressed are Rep.: Wes Johnston those of the writers and do not necessarily reflect those of the 27 Hendon Drive N.W. Archaeological Society of Alberta: we welcome healthy debate. Calgary, Alberta T2K 1Y6 Communications regarding submissions to the AAR should be (403) 289-9657 sent to the Editor at the address given above. Communications regarding membership in the Archaeological Society of Alberta Edmonton Centre: President: G.F. (Jerry) Paschen or other society matters should be addressed to the Executive 11911 University Avenue Secretary/Treasurer, Mrs. Jeanne Cody (address given above). Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z6 Partial funding for this issue is provided by a grant from (403) 436-4913 Alberta Culture and Multiculturalism. Rep.: Nick Sheptycki Cover: Postcard view of Blackfoot camp, southern Alberta, enti 5811 -113A Street tled "Medicine Lodge, Blackfoot Indians." The postcard Edmonton, Alberta T6H 1A9 was published in 1907 by "A.Y. & Co." and is part of a (403) 424-2316 series of photographs that appear to have been taken in the Fort Macleod area. The second lodge from the left has Lethbridge Centre: President: Robert F. Shore a vertical pole with a streamer and may be the medicine 937 - 16th Street South lodge of the title. This postcard is in the Editor's collec Lethbridge, Alberta TlJ 3C1 tion; a print of the photograph is in the National Archives (403) 327-8007 of Canada, Ottawa (neg. #18739). OBITUARY Luboslaw Antin Bayrock (1930-1989) Lu Bayrock touched the lives of a great many Albertans on the fact that heavy stones would not naturally occur in flu because his enthusiasm and inquisitiveness led him to delve into vial sand deposits. Wood from the lower stratum at the Bay and make contributions in so many fields. Among many other rock Site was dated to about 11,000 B.P, which would be things, he chased meteorites, recorded the movements of surg among the oldest reported dates for humans in Alberta. The ing glaciers, grew emeralds, competed in chess tournaments, fact that the Whitemud Road site predates the first advance of collected bison skulls in order to obtain relative dates on ancient ice over Edmonton from Hudson Bay means that it must be deposits, and recorded boulder outline figures. older than about 25,000 years, although at the time of discovery Lu believed the fractured pelvis was much older. Neither of these Lu was born in the Ukraine, where his family became both dates would now be considered exceptionally old as there are decimated and dispersed by political upheavals; they managed many older sites south of glaciated North America. to group in Edmonton after World War II. He obtained his B.Sc. and M.Sc. in Geology at the University of Alberta, and Lu's greatest involvement with Alberta archaeology started in 1960 finished his Ph.D. dissertation on the glacial geology while he was mapping the prairies around Medicine Hat. He of Alberta, at the University of Wisconsin. Starting in 1957, kept encountering rings and more complex alignments of he spent 15 years at the Research Council of Alberta trying to stones that unquestionably had been emplaced by people and unravel the complex glacial history of this province. During not by nature. He sought advice from Richard Forbis, who had that time he mapped (using any conceivable means of trans recently been hired by the Glenbow Foundation as Alberta's port) the surficial geology of more than 100,000 square miles first resident professional archaeologist. Dick encouraged him of terrain, most of it in Alberta. to record his finds on site forms, but Lu's enthusiasm eventually led well beyond this, to formation of the Archaeological Soci As well as attempting to paint the big picture, Lu was alert to ety of Alberta. Lu recognized the importance of recording as small details. Near Taber, he discovered a flaked cobble inside the many as possible of the unusual boulder outline figures, includ skull of an extinct bison in a sand stratum. In a higher stratum ing medicine wheels, human and animal effigies, and tipi rings, at the same locality, he discovered broken bison bones associ before they were destroyed. He realized that he could not do ated with flakes, a scraper, and a complete Alberta point. This the job by himself, so he cajoled assistance from members of the site was described as the Bayrock Site in Marie Wormington's Research Council and the University of Alberta. After thinking and Dick Forbis' introduction to Alberta archaeology (1965: about how he could increase the efficiency of recording, he de 116-118). On the banks of the North Saskatchewan River in vised a portable grid for rapid and accurate mapping. He en Edmonton near Whitemud Road, in a pre-glacial sand stratum, couraged other amateur archaeologists to pursue their interest in he found a fossil horse pelvis with a depressed fracture that surface collecting as long as they recorded their finds on site appeared to have been made by a nearby flaked pebble. Such forms; he reasoned that interested people could record impor anomalies were carefully recorded, although archaeologists do tant information while doing no harm at all if they recorded not consider them to constitute proof that the pebbles were boulder outline figures and rock art. With the objectives in placed by humans. Lu's probably correct hypothesis was based mind to preserve prehistoric artifacts, sites, and structures, and to promote the study of archaeology in Alberta, especially at PARTIAL LIST OF PUBLICATIONS BY L.A. BAYROCK the universities, he conceived of organizing a society of all (compiled by M.C. Wilson) people in the province having an interest in Alberta archaeology. Barton, R.H., E.A. Christiansen, W.O. Kupsch, W.H. Mathews, An organizational meeting of the "Archaeological Society C.P Gravenor and L.A. Bayrock of Alberta" was held in Edmonton in March, 1960. Lu's intent 1965 Quaternary. In: R.G. McCrossan and R.P Glaister was that the society should include members from the entire (eds.) Geological History of Western Canada.195- province, but soon thereafter a separate society was organized 200. Alberta Society of Petroleum Geologists, Calgary. in Calgary. Although known by its members as the Calgary Archaeological Society, it was officially organized as "The Bayrock, L.A. Archaeological Society of Alberta, Calgary Centre," so the group 1955 Glacial Geology of an Area in East-Central Al in Edmonton added "Edmonton Centre" to its name. Soon berta. Research Council of Alberta, Earth Sciences thereafter, a new chapter was organized as the "A.S.A. Leth Report 55-2. 46 p. Edmonton. bridge Centre." After many meetings between the executives of the three centres, a provincial organization of the Archae 1958a Glacial Geology, Alliance-Brownfield District, Al ological Society of Alberta, as Lu had envisioned, was finally berta. Research Council of Alberta, Earth Sciences chartered and registered under the Societies Act in 1975. But Report 57-2. 56 p. Edmonton. in the meantime, in 1972, Lu had left the Alberta Research Council to establish his own consulting firm in Vancouver. He 1958b Glacial Geology, Galahad-Hardisty District, Al intended to finish a final report on boulder outline figures in berta. Research Council of Alberta, Earth Sciences Alberta, but more financial assistance than he could muster Report 57-3. 35 p. was required in order to draft the many maps into publishable form. His wife, Evelyn, has assured that his notes and maps 1962 Heavy minerals in till of central Alberta.