REEIfication THE NEWSLETTER OF THE INDIANA UNIVERSITY RUSSIAN AND EAST EUROPEAN INSTITUTE David L. Ransel, Director Janis Cakars, Editor Vol. 24, No. 4 December 2000

Feature Articles The Return by Katherine Metzo Returning from Research 1 Katherine Metzo is a PhD candidate in the Department of Anthropology. She spent the past year Romanian Ethnic Relations 3 in the Tunka region of southwest Buriatia, Russia (near Mongolia) conducting dissertation research on the impact of economic reforms and the formation of the Tunkinskiy National Park Faculty Profile: Maria Bucur 4 on people’s post-Soviet subsistence strategies and natural resource use. Her research was Latvian Education 5 supported by an International Advanced Research Opportunity scholarship, an IREX grant, and a Dissertation Grant from Wenner-Gren Foundation. Turbulence. Perhaps a foreshadowing of the emotions and labors of my first days Other News back in the United States. The flight from Europe was a bumpy one, keeping me awake for 23 hours without sleep, and I still had to unpack and eat after the drive home. My first steps in the United States were in New York’s Kennedy International Tolkien in Russia 6 Airport—a sea of rich colors and accents that my eyes and ears had forgotten how Outreach Notes 7 much they missed. But my eyes are not the same. So many events during my first days at home are foreign to me—riding in my mother’s car, sitting in a soft, new chair , Books, and Posters 8 at the bright, clean waiting room at the doctor’s office, casting my vote in the commu- Frightening Folklore 11 nity room at the fire station, and greeting postal workers who smile, saying, “We’ll Student News 11 take care of that right away.” I haven’t had the courage to walk into a grocery store just yet, but that will come. Byrnes Fellowship 11 There are so many of my experiences in Siberia I could choose to write about— Alumni News 12 elections, holidays, conflicts, tragedies, and celebrations—all of which were inter- Faculty News 13 spersed throughout my field work. As I re-read my field notes, it seems I adjusted to my new surroundings rather quickly, perhaps more out of necessity than desire. New From IU Press 14 Reverse adjustment is not so easy. Like many before me, I found that returning from Summer Workshop 15 “the field” is a very emotional experience—exciting, strange, and a bit scary. All the things that I took for granted at home have changed, not physically, but in so many other ways. My neighbor’s house still stands where it always stood and we still wait an eternity to pull out of our driveway onto ever-busy Main Street, but I didn’t know a soul at the polling place even though most of them are our neighbors, recent arrivals from the city. My reality has changed. I remind myself that the mun- dane activities of my life in Siberia are not dreamed. Sveta continues to pump water every day, bringing two buckets of water into the house in the evening to warm to room temperature overnight. She heats the house and cooks dinner with the same wood stove. Canning season is over, so there’s some time to rest, though Sundays invariably mean helping out with her parents’ household in exchange for the milk and meat she gets from her parents as her daughter’s due. The opportunity to bathe comes once a week as parents or friends heat their saunas. (Indoor plumbing now makes me feel as if I’m in a five-star hotel.) From dawn until dusk children play on the streets, climb trees and create games making use of the fences, alleys, and stray machine parts they find. Sveta drops her son off at day care or his grandmother’s before going to work. Sveta is lucky to have a job in a region that faces 70 percent unemployment. Despite being out of work, very few people apply for unemployment—eligibility is unclear, paperwork mountainous, and federal funds exist only on budget sheets 2 Russian and East European Institute

Indiana University Russian and The Return East European Institute continued from previous page

INSTITUTE STAFF somewhere in Ulan-Ude. Documentaries on the working poor would seem absurd in rural Siberia—it is a fact of life, not a hidden reality brought up in prime time to engage David L. Ransel, Director the sympathies of suburbanites. The blessed difference between rural Siberia and urban Denise Gardiner, Assistant America is land. Land where you can grow potatoes, carrots, and tomatoes, raise chick- Director/Outreach Coordinator ens, goats and cows. The other key to surviving poverty is reliance on relatives who Jessica Hamilton, Administrative work together during the harvest, chip in for gas money for hauling firewood from the Secretary forest, give an urban roof to a rural niece or nephew in exchange for fresh milk and meat Chris Gigliotti, Advisor and in the wintertime. Friends and neighbors are also essential in the process of acquiring Project Administrator goods, employment, entrance into university and opportunities blocked by poverty. GRADUATE ASSISTANTS The money Sveta and others receive as salary is used to buy flour, sugar, tea, cooking Kara D. Brown, Outreach Assistant oil, and if there is enough, shoes and coats for the children. Janis Cakars, Publications Editor Some people talk almost optimistically about their poverty, commenting, “How can I Marisa Hudspeth, Assistant to say we’re poor? We’re better off than most.” Siberia has many shades of poverty— Slavic Bibliographer perhaps as many as the sea of people in Kennedy International where I was reminded of Renee Traicova, World Wide Web the silence of poverty in my own country. A 40-ish looking couple with six children Adminstrator ranging from 8-16 disembarked from the Moscow flight and sat or slept, awaiting their connecting flight. The girls had long hair pinned back with bows, sweaters and jackets CONTACT INFORMATION handed down from older friends or relatives, cheap Chinese cotton tights, found in Russian and East European Institute marketplaces in even the most remote Siberian villages, and crudely made leather shoes, 565 Ballantine Hall probably from one of the factories in Belarus which has managed to find foreign spon- Indiana University sorship. The boys were dressed in jeans and sweaters with closely cropped hair. From Bloomington, IN 47405-6615 the name tag on the mother’s blouse and the younger son’s examination of x-rays, I Phone: (812) 855-7309 guessed that the family was emigrating in order to get medical assistance for one of the Fax: (812) 855-6411 children. I could not help but observe this family. I had accidentally chosen a seat Email: [email protected] opposite them and was too tired to read my book, but more than that, I was taken in by http://www.indiana.edu/~reeiweb/ this family. While the mother cuddled in slumber with one of her daughters, the young- est daughter styled her father’s thinning hair while her brother and he huddled in seri- IU Awards for REEI Alumni ous conversation. Another daughter wrote in a diary while her sister whispered in her 1999 James F. Collins ear. The youngest daughter was especially interesting to watch as she observed with Honorary Doctorate great curiosity and, I suspect, a very critical eye, all the new sights and sounds around 1998 Stephen Cohen her. From behind me a middle-aged couple was talking with a young man in his thirties College Distinguished Alumni who had just arrived on a flight from Moscow. They asked if this family was on his flight, 1994 Irene Meister concluding that they must have been—just look at how “shabbily dressed” they were. College Distinguished Alumni I was shocked and disappointed by the naiveté of this comment. Poverty takes center stage for these Americans because of how it looks, yet many of REEI Distinguished Awards the “poor people” who were participants in my research looked around them and said that they had all they needed. Rural Siberians often have no intention of becoming full- ALUMNI AWARDS time farmers and many are educated as teachers, electricians, or engineers, but choose 1988 Alexander Rabinowitch to engage in subsistence farming because it is reliable. Whatever profit they may gain 1988 Charles Gati they invest, but not in the trappings of a middle-class lifestyle. Their investments are in 1995 Gale Stokes children: their health, education, dress, and hobbies. Most view poverty as temporary, 2000 Helena Goscilo even though they do not see a way out. Sveta one time asked me how Americans scold SERVICE AWARDS naughty children. She was embarrassed about yelling at her son in front of me, but I 1988 Theofanis Stavrou assured her that American parents yell at their children too. On my trip to Moscow she 1988 Robert F. Byrnes asked me to find her son good winter boots. As in so many of our conversations about 1989 Karen Niggle him, she said to me that she doesn’t consider the money she spends on him as money. 1996 Robert W. Campbell “He’s my son. I want the best for him.” 1997 Charles Jelavich As I sit in my mother’s home trying to readjust to the newness of our recently 1997 Janet Rabinowitch remodeled public library, the friendliness of our civil servants, and the overall affluence 2000 William B. Edgerton of life in America, I am moved and comforted by thoughts of Sveta and the Kennedy Airport mom who, like my own mother, want something better for their children. Russian and East European Institute

Russian and East EuropeanRussian and East European Institute 3 Institute Perspectives on Ethnic Relations from Inside Romania: Some Reflections on the Conference on the Romanian Model of Ethnic Relations by Doyle Stevick

Scholars and journalists alike often heeding the people of the country. The to the state of Romania if they were per- debate the causes of wars and conflict, research compiled in the Ethnobarometer mitted to attend a university in their na- but these very debates assume implicitly, showed concrete signs of improvement, tive languages, since access to higher and perhaps inappropriately, that peace notably a drop from 60 percent to 32 per- education would not require them to as- is the natural order of things. Far from a cent in the number of people who feared similate involuntarily. The lack of such a natural condition, peace itself has causes conflict stemming from the presence of university may be contributing to a brain and requires work, sacrifice, and compro- minorities. Yet important issues of ethnic drain as well: as some noted at the mise. While it is important to examine the tension and integration remain in Roma- Balvanyos Summer University in Tusnad, roots of conflict, particularly as it has nia. of 25 recent Transylvanian Hungarian developed in Kosovo and the former Yu- Providing an American perspective at PhD recipients in Budapest, only two goslavia, it is no less critical to examine the conference, US Congressmen Ben- have returned to Romania. the dynamics of a society that has faced jamin Cardin and Joe Pitts talked of the There is still a wide gap in the public ethnic tensions without falling victim to value of diversity, the American tapestry perception concerning the appropriate- such violence. In 1999, when Kosovars or mosaic of peoples, and how America ness of a Hungarian language university. were being driven from their homes, Presi- flourished as a country of immigrants. The Only 13 percent of ethnic Romanians sup- dent Clinton looked to their neighbors in term “immigrant,” however, can gloss over port such a university under any circum- Romania for a counterexample: some important differences between the stances, while two-thirds of Hungarians United States and Romania, particularly do. Of the Romanians who support Ro- Who is going to define the future of this part if Romania is going to look to the US for a manian-language higher education in for- of the world? Who will provide for how the model in these areas. As Nigerian-born eign countries, only half feel so inclined people who have emerged from communism anthropologist Jon Ogbu has pointed towards a Hungarian University in Ro- resolve their own legitimate problems? Will it out, African Americans, Native Americans mania. If such a university were to exist be Mr. Milosevic, with his ma- and many Hispanics are “involuntary mi- with foreign or private financing, only chine and paramilitary thugs, who tell people to leave their country, their history, and their norities”; that is, they did not join the one-third of Romanians would still op- land behind, or die? Or will it be a nation like state of their own free will, but through pose its existence. A Hungarian-Ameri- Romania, which is building democracy and some historical development. Such popu- can scholar, Andrew Ludanyi, came as an respecting the rights of ethnic minorities? lations—and Romania’s Roma and Hun- advocate for Hungarian higher education. (April 15, 1999) garian populations might be considered Although many suggested that the US involuntary minorities rather than volun- could be a model for Romania, few con- Taking inspiration from this quote, US tary immigrants—often have historical ex- sidered the model Romania could provide Ambassador to Romania James periences of discrimination or persecu- for the US: proportionately, the US could Rosapepe, with United States Agency for tion and have generally faced attempts at have dozens of Spanish-language univer- International Development (USAID) cultural assimilation. Given this experi- sities. While Professor Ludanyi accepted funding for a survey called the ence, they are often skeptical about the the notion that a university is appropri- Ethnobarometer by the Center for Re- good will of governments, even ones that ate “where the minorities are in large per- search on Ethnic Relations, convened a have changed positions as Romania’s has centages,” Mr. Cardin drew attention to conference on “The Romanian Model of since the revolution. They thus require the idea that people should be able to Ethnic Relations,” bringing together a extra assurances and policies different live where they want to live. He discussed wide spectrum of politicians, activists, from those for immigrant populations, who the development of ethnic ghettoes in the scholars, NGO workers, and minority rep- come voluntarily, ready to assimilate or United States, and another conference resentatives. Prime Minister Isarescu re- at least accommodate themselves to the attendee pointed out that offering such flected on the past ten years in Romania, dominant culture. services only in specific areas could un- while Ambassador Rosapepe praised the One implication of this reasoning duly restrict freedom of movement within Romanian citizens’ commitment to coop- might be that the Hungarian and Roma a state, a factor critical to integration. eration and democracy, noting that the populations would feel more included by One final note of interest: Clinton’s demagogues of ethnic rhetoric are not the society and more positive and loyal continued on page 10 Russian and East European Institute

4 Russian and East European Institute Faculty Profile: Maria Bucur by Mara Lazda Maria Bucur, assistant professor of Bucur and her family moved to Bridge- “something ideological and not intellec- history, came to Indiana University in port, Connecticut. At first, she felt tual.” She credits Richard Stites with in- 1996 after finishing her PhD at University marginalized, and she had trouble under- troducing her to a new approach to a his- of Illinois in Urbana-Champaign. In these standing why Americans seemed to lack tory based on social and cultural analy- few years, Professor Bucur has built an appreciation for their affluence. She was sis. Bucur’s decision to study East Euro- impressive record of research and teach- also awed and appalled by the wasteful- pean history, she concludes, was influ- ing as well as community involvement. ness of American society. This was a enced both by self-discovery and intel- Professor Bucur has received numer- “shocking but healthy” time, as she lectual interest. While a student at ous fellowships and grants, including sought to understand an ethnically unfa- Georgetown, she spent a year in London awards from Fulbright-Hays, IREX, the miliar and racially diverse community. The at the School of Slavonic and East Euro- American Association of University majority of her high school student popu- pean Studies. After graduation, she went Women, and the Woodrow Wilson Cen- lation was of African-American, Latino, on to graduate studies at the University ter. She is the author of publications on a or Asian background. They knew little of Illinois, where she worked with Profes- wide range of topics, including the na- about Romania and Romanians, but Bucur sor Keith Hitchins. ture of identity, nationalism, and memory soon found common ground for commu- At Indiana University, Professor in Romania and Eastern Europe, and gen- nication and understanding with them. Bucur’s contributions have been univer- der and women’s history. In The Bucur also began to recognize how the sity and community-wide. In addition to Biopolitical State: The Culture of Eu- perceptions, assumptions, and observa- her work in the History Department, she genics in Interwar Romania, a book tions of others shape an individual’s iden- is actively involved with the Oral History project based on her dissertation re- tity. She embraced this multicultural en- Institute, Cultural Studies, and the Gen- search, Bucur illustrates the central role vironment, which helped her “learn slang der Studies programs. She has been in- of the eugenics movement in the interwar a lot faster” and to “drop her thick British strumental in fostering discussion across debate on modernization and liberalism accent.” Bucur also continued her in- these disciplines while bringing the is- in Romania. Bucur’s most recent project, volvement and interest in theater groups, sues of Eastern European history to wider “Memory, Trauma, and Victimization in which “broke the ice” with other students. attention and comparison. Last year, she Twentieth-Century Romania,” traces the After high school, the arts were still organized a panel on women in post-so- development of a national Romanian her main interest. History had not yet cialist societies and helped coordinate the memory in the twentieth century. appeared in the picture. Bucur applied to exhibit “Poster Art from Poland and Ro- Bucur’s professional work on nation- the country’s top schools, but her mania.” Her enthusiasm for teaching is alism and identity in Eastern Europe has parents would not agree to support these appreciated by students of all fields. One very personal roots. Bucur spent her studies. She decided to go to Washing- graduate student commented: “Although childhood and adolescence in Bucharest. ton, DC instead because she found the [Professor Bucur] is not my official advi- She came to the United States with her cosmopolitan environment appealing, but sor, she has been extremely helpful to me family in 1985, joining her father who had also because she was awarded a scholar- and interested in my work. It’s really nice defected two years earlier. As Bucur re- ship to Georgetown University. But de- to have a working relationship with a pro- flects on her last year in Romania before spite the honor of having received a fessor who demonstrates such a strong coming to America, she thinks she “de- scholarship, she says, she began “half- interest in what you are doing.” Bucur’s veloped a very different identity” from enthusiastically, with no direction what- dedication to her work is also evident in other Romanian teenagers at that time. soever.” her activism outside the university as a The government forbade her to attend Bucur was led to history through two volunteer at Middle Way House, a re- high school while she waited for permis- experiences. First, her meetings with the source center and shelter for victims of sion to leave for the United States. So, local Romanian community in Washing- domestic violence. Bucur’s numerous instead of spending each day in classes, ton sparked her interest in nationalism contributions to Indiana University and she helped her family by assisting at home and Eastern Europe. These contacts Bloomington have won her the support of and waiting in lines at stores and offices. caused her to question the sources of na- colleagues, students and community At the same time, she pursued a growing tionalist feelings as well as to recognize leaders. interest in theater and fine arts, and spent some forms of nationalism in her own iden- much of this period “hanging out in all tity that she had not before acknowl- sorts of theaters.” Bucur concludes that edged. Second, her coursework at after this last year in Romania, she could Georgetown changed her image of his- Mara Lazda is a PhD candidate in the not go back to being “normal.” tory, which she had considered to be History Department Russian and East European Institute

Russian and East EuropeanRussian and East European Institute 5 Institute The Latvian Education Boom? by Janis Cakars

Since regaining independence in 1991, Greiskalns, a native of Valmiera who is Latvia has been experiencing a boom in now Minister of Education and Science. education. The current expansion of the The school currently has an enrollment education system in Latvia resembles a of 400 students. It was created to stop similar occurrence that followed the the brain drain from the region to Riga country’s independence after World War and to promote economic, political, and I. In Latvia, a country with few natural social development in Vidzeme. The resources, a highly educated work force school has four majors so far: political was seen then—as it is now—as the key science, communication and public rela- to economic prosperity and social har- tions, business administration, and travel mony. Sixteen new institutions of higher and tourism. The first graduating class learning have been established, and new has already proved the school’s success. fields, from information science to Most of this year’s class (the school’s ethnomusicology, are being developed. first) have put their skills to use at home Most of these new schools are private rather than leave for the capital. Minister Greiskalns and Richard Baerug, and focus on fields of study that either Vidzeme University College is re- Vice-rector of Vidzeme University College did not exist in Soviet times, such as busi- sponding to what it perceives as the ness administration, or have been drasti- needs of the region, demands of the tuition subsidies and increase the avail- cally rethought, such as law and econom- economy, and student interest. Accord- ability of student loans. He argues that ics. ing to Greiskalns, 65-70 percent of Latvia’s when state-funded students drop out, a Vidzeme University College (in Latvian, secondary school graduates are seeking large investment is lost. Greiskalns be- Vidzemes augstskola) in the small city of university or professional training com- lieves that students who pay their own Valmiera in north-central Latvia is one of pared to 30-35 percent 20 years ago. way will be more inclined to finish their the few new public higher education fa- Latvia’s Academic Information Center re- studies and take them seriously. cilities to be created since independence. ports that university enrollment increased Regardless of the minister’s opinions It encapsulates many of the possibilities from 39,000 to 76,653 between 1993 and on tuition, money is simply not available and challenges facing the system of edu- 1999. Latvia’s leading newspaper, Diena, for the state to absorb all the costs of cation in Latvia today. The school was recently reported that the most popular public higher education. Greiskalns ranks founded in 1996 despite criticism that the fields of study in Latvia are economics, the budget and teacher training as the state budget could not afford a new uni- computer and information science, and two most serious issues facing the Min- versity. One-third of the school’s fund- law. English language pedagogy is also a istry of Education today. Funding short- ing comes from the state, one-third from rapidly growing field. Many students are falls have forced state-run schools to re- local government, and one-third is raised driven by a desire for training that form at a much slower pace than newly privately from primarily foreign sources. matches Latvia’s changing economy, and created private institutions. These new Vidzeme University College is follow- most will travel to Riga for their educa- private schools, often aided by foreign ing in what it sees as a grand tradition in tion and stay there. money, such as the Stockholm School of northern Latvia. Dace Dalbina, university Introducing new curricula and stan- Economics in Riga, are able to afford the instructor of Latvian language and a sec- dards while maintaining wide access to latest technological resources and pro- ondary school teacher of Latvian litera- higher education has been a challenge in vide education incorporating new meth- ture, claims, “Vidzeme has always been a Latvia as budgets remain modest. Vidzeme odologies more quickly than the older progressive region.” She points to the so- University College introduced tuition this state schools. called Cimze Academy in Valmiera that year for the first time. At the University Hand in hand with the reform of higher trained many leaders and participants of of Latvia, for every 11 students in the education are changes in primary and sec- Latvia’s 19th century “national awaken- current class applying to the professional ondary education. Maris Ruberts, super- ing.” Vidzeme had a literacy rate of over law studies program there was one state- intendent of the Vidzeme school district 79 percent at the end of the 19th century, funded study place available. State-fund- has several concerns about the rapid compared to Russia’s 21 percent in the ing is rapidly shrinking and this is not changes he has overseen in his region. same period. simply because the government is He has noticed that changes in curricula Vidzeme University College was estab- strapped for cash. Greiskalns wants to have created a widening gap between lished four years ago with help from Karlis oversee the elimination of all government continued on page 10 Russian and East European Institute

6 Russian and East European Institute

Tolkien Through Russian Eyes

On October 12, Mark T. Hooker pre- als who shared works of literature that discussion entitled “Professor Tolkien sented some of the results of his current were otherwise unavailable) the result was and his Heritage” that was held at the research project on the social impact of a number of different translations of Russian State University for the Humani- the translation of J.R.R. Tolkien into Rus- Tolkien’s works. Hooker has collected ten ties in Moscow on April 22, 2000, dis- sian to an attentive audience, including translations of “Leaf by Niggle,” seven cussed Tolkienism as if it were a religion members of REEI and the English Depart- translations of The Hobbit, seven trans- and posed the question of the possibility ment. The topic is of interest because lations of The Lord of the Rings and six of the creation of a church based on Tolkien’s work was essentially banned by translations of The Silmarillion. Each of Tolkien’s ideas. the state-controlled Soviet publishing them reflects the individual translator’s Mark Hooker’s book manuscript on industry until 1976, when a specially ed- political and philosophical inclinations. the subject, entitled Tolkien Through ited edition of The Hobbit came out. The The collapse of the in Russian Eyes, looks at the phenomenon Lord of the Rings had to wait until 1982, the early 1990s changed the state-con- of Russian Tolkienism and examines the when an abridged edition of Book I of the trolled publishing system into a market- various translations, explaining their trilogy—the least sensitive ideologi- driven entity almost overnight. The re- philosophical deviations from the origi- cally—was finally published. An un- sulting publishing boom moved samizdat nal. The book is nearing completion and abridged edition of Book I by an officially typescripts into print quickly. Almost all is in search of a publisher. sanctioned translator appeared in 1988, the samizdat translations of Tolkien’s and it was only after this that Books II works have come out in print, and in large Mark T. Hooker served as a linguist and and III were published in 1990 and 1992. numbers, making them widely available. area specialist with the US Armed Forces The first samizdat translations of The The Christian-like doctrine of Tolkienism and Department of Defense. Retired, he Lord of the Rings began to appear in the has attracted a substantial following and is currently a visiting scholar at REEI. mid-1970s. Since samizdat was the oppo- become a significant social phenomenon He is the author of The Military Uses of site of the centralized Soviet publishing in Russia, as the Russians seek to fill the Literature and Implied, but not STATED. system (i.e., not a system at all, but rather spiritual vacuum left by 70 years of Hooker can be contacted by e-mail at a number of isolated groups of individu- obligatory state atheism. A roundtable [email protected]. Russian and East European Institute

Russian and East EuropeanRussian and East European Institute 7 Institute Outreach Notes by Denise Gardiner

International Education the Common People of Russia,” featur- resources at a curriculum development Week, November 13-17 ing three sections covering Russian his- meeting of humanities faculty members tory from the medieval to the Soviet pe- responsible for all fields of European stud- The Russian and East European Insti- riod. The curriculum unit was compiled ies at Wabash College in Crawfordsville, tute, in cooperation with Indiana and written through the cooperative ef- Indiana. In September, she brought three University’s Office of International Ser- fort of many educators: three Kansas visiting scholars (from Russia, , vices, Center for the Study of Global high school teachers, one elementary and Kyrgyzstan) to speak at Richard Change, and Center for Latin American school teacher, two curriculum special- Gawthrop’s undergraduate Russian his- and Caribbean Studies, successfully ists, a community college instructor, and tory course at Franklin College, Franklin, competed for a Cooperative Grant from outreach coordinators from the Russian Indiana. NAFSA: Association of International and East European studies centers at For the first time in many years, Indi- Educators, to undertake activities in rec- Kansas, Indiana, and University of Wash- ana University participated in the Ameri- ognition of the first annual International ington. REEI will be pleased to send you can Council of Teachers of Russian Education Week, No- (ACTR) Olympiada of vember 13-17, 2000. In- Spoken Russian for ternational Education high school language Week is the outcome of students. In April 2000, President Clinton’s IU Slavics department Memorandum of April chair of language in- 19, 2000. The full text of struction Nyusya Mil- this first-ever presiden- man traveled to Mem- tial memorandum on in- phis, Tennessee, and ternational education is oversaw an Olympiada available on the web at: to six level-one stu- http://www.ed.gov/ dents and three level- PressReleases/04_ two students in Ellina 2000/wh_000419 .html Chernobilsky’s classes Indiana University’s at Craigmont High activities under this School. Scheduling grant were a series of problems prevented us outreach presentations from providing the by international stu- Olympiada in any Indi- Nyusya Milman (second from left) at this summer’s Russian Olympiada dents and scholars to K- ana high schools last 12 classes conducted a free copy of the 70-page unit on request. spring, but we are committed to doing so over interactive . The two REEI- Please e-mail [email protected] or call 812- in 2001. More information on the sponsored presentations were given by 855-0391. Olympiada can be viewed on ACTR’s visiting scholar Oleg Volguine (“Russia website: http://www.actr.org/programs/ in 2000”) and graduate student Renne REEI Classroom and Current/OlySpoRus.htm. Please call if you Traicova (“Life in Eastern Europe: Bul- are interested in a site visit or Olympiada. garia”). Campus Visits One of the main goals of REEI’s out- New E-mail announcements New Russian History reach program is to stay connected with of video acquisitions Curriculum Unit Published and provide informational resources to regional students and faculty members The Russian and East European Insti- The Center for Russian and East Eu- who study Russia and Eastern Europe at tute has begun a new e-mail listserv ropean Studies at University of Kansas K-12 schools, community colleges, and reei_videos to which we post monthly an- and REEI are pleased to announce the undergraduate institutions. The REEI nouncements of the new we have publication of a new curriculum unit, outreach coordinator has made two site acquired for our lending library. Please “Common People, Uncommon Strength– visits already this fall. In August, she send a message to reei@indiana. edu to Teaching the Rest of the Story: Events of gave a presentation about IU’s outreach subscribe. Russian and East European Institute

8 Russian and East European Institute

New to the REEI Outreach Collection: Films, Books, and Posters

FEATURE FILMS BATTLESHIP POTEMKIN ing the events that brought him there, (BAT) 1925, 66 min., silent, English titles. Milan finds it hard to believe that he is ANDREI RUBLEV New copy on DVD. again that close to his recent enemies. He (AND1) 1966, 185 min., Russian with En- Directed by . This So- remembers the vicious firefight where glish subtitles. New copy on DVD. viet classic portrays the mutiny aboard a their Muslim enemies trapped him and a Immediately suppressed by the Soviets Tsarist battleship during the 1905 revolu- group of Serb soldiers in the very same in 1966, Andrey Tarkovsky’s epic master- tion. Selected by the British Film Insti- tunnel in a ten-day siege. And now Halil piece is a sweeping medieval tale of tute in 1972 as one of the three best films and Milan are on opposing sides, their Russia’s greatest icon painter. Too experi- ever made. friendship tattered and in ruins. This pro- mental, too frightening, too violent, and vocative and disturbing movie directed CODE NAME RUBY too politically complicated to be released by Srdjan Dragojevic is based on an inci- (COD) 1998, 80 min., Czech with English officially, Andrei Rublev existed only in dent that happened in the first winter of subtitles. shortened, censored versions until The the war in Bosnia in 1992. Written and directed by Jan Nemec. This Criterion Collection created this complete VOLGA controversial feature blends documen- 205-minute director’s cut special edition, (VOL) 1937, 90 min., Russian with English tary, archival footage and fiction into an now on DVD. Some of its special features subtitles. include: exclusive widescreen digital elliptical narrative in which two young people in Prague, an ancient seat for the Directed by Grigori Alexandrov. In this transfer, new English subtitles translat- classic of 1930s Soviet cinema, the set- ing 40 percent more dialogue, screen-spe- practice of alchemy, follow the trail for the mystical philosopher’s stone. History ting is a giant steamboat making its way cific essay by Harvard film professor up the Volga River. On board is a motley Vlada Petric, rare film interviews with and future blend as Nemec, through bril- liant montage sequences and fanciful collection of amateur singers and danc- Andrei Tarkovsky, a timeline featuring key ers traveling to Moscow to participate in events in Russian history, plus the lives leaps of the imagination, posits crucial questions about the legacy of the past a musical contest. At their center is and works of Andrei Rublev and Lyubov Orlova, the great Soviet comedi- Tarkovsky. and how it influences the individual’s per- sonal freedom and responsibility. enne and musical star. A major success upon its release, Volga Volga remains one ANNA CABARET BALKAN of the most important and best-loved (ANN) 1998, 99 min., Russian with En- (CAB) 1998, 102 min., English subtitles. films produced by the Soviet regime. glish subtitles Set against the explosive backdrop of the Disregarding hard Soviet restrictions, in- Balkan wars, Cabaret Balkan is a comedy cluding the censorship of home movies, that collected 1998 Best Film honors from DOCUMENTARIES Academy Award-winning director Nikita the European Film Awards and the Venice COLLATERAL DAMAGE: THE Mikhalkov (Burnt by the Sun) spent thir- International Film Festival. How the lives BALKANS AFTER NATO’S AIR WAR teen years surreptitiously filming his of various Yugoslavian citizens—a cab (COL) 1999, 53 min., English. daughter Anna. Asking her the same five driver, friends in a gym, a girl on a bus, a questions each year, Mikhalkov remark- performance artist and more—intersect Six months after NATO ended its air war ably documents one of the greatest his- during one unpredictable night forms the against , two of Washington’s torical events of our time as seen through story of this film. hands-on policy analysts, Gary Dempsey Anna’s sweetening eyes. Beginning in and Aaron Lukas, flew to the Balkans to 1980, six-year old Anna became the focus PRETTY VILLAGE, PRETTY FLAME document the unintended consequences of Mikhalkov’s examination of the effects (PRE) 1998, 125 min., Serbo-Croatian with of NATO’s bombing campaign. Equipped totalitarian propaganda had on Soviet English Subtitles. New copy on DVD. with the latest in mini-digital camera tech- children. In an overwhelming manner, the Two young boys, Halil, a Muslim, and nology, they traveled through the region, maturity of Anna suddenly becomes har- Milan, a Serb, watch the inauguration of filming patrols in Kosovo cities where monious with the collapse of communism the new Brotherhood and Unity Tunnel NATO troops are stationed, inspecting and the rebirth of a liberated Russia. A in their neighborhood in 1980. Tw elve bombed-out industrial complexes in montage of never-before-seen newsreels years later, Milan lies in a hospital bed, Serbia, and interviewing Macedonians, and archival footage adds another dimen- badly injured. Wounded Serbs and Mus- Romanians and Bulgarians who have suf- sion to the history lesson. lims recover in the same hospital. Recall- fered because of the war. Russian and East European Institute

Russian and East EuropeanRussian and East European Institute 9 Institute

CONQUERORS: Realism. Although known principally as the author lived and worked. Vladimir (PET) 1997, approx. 30 min., English. a writer, he was also a prominent figure in Mayakovsky, one of Russia’s most gifted writers, was the leading poet of the Rus- Peter the Great dragged Russia out of the the . The life of Gorky sian Revolution and of the early Soviet Dark Ages and into the modern world by is brought to life in this informative docu- Period. The life of Mayakovsky is brought creating strategic political alliances that mentary. to life in this informative documentary. advanced its economic and military might. PRAGUE SPRING Modernizing a country that had existed (PRA1) 1999, 29 min., English. For a complete listing of videos in the for centuries as a feudal backwater state REEI library, see http://www.indiana.edu/ This program provides insight into the was no easy task. Discover how this Rus- ~reeiweb/avintro.html. To be notified dissent expressed within the Eastern Bloc sian monarch’s passion and perseverance about new acquisitions send an e-mail countries in the 1960’s and its swift and spawned military victories, vibrant cities request to [email protected]. violent suppression. It presents both the and a renewed national pride that made political detente behind Soviet leader Le- Russia a key player in a new world order. onid Brezhnev’s policies with the West FEAR AND THE MUSE: and the dissent in the Warsaw Pact alli- BOOKS ANNA AKHMATOVA ance that was silenced by Soviet tanks. (FEA) 1999, 60 min., English. In addition to archival footage, this video World History: Book 3, 1815-1919. includes contemporary interviews with The story of Anna Akhmatova is told in Mary Enda Costello, et al., eds. (Center Eastern Bloc personalities like Vasil Bilk this documentary with astonishing im- for Learning, 1992) (WOR Bk. 3) ages—from the thriving art scene in Im- and Jir Pelik. perial Russia through war, revolution and Teaching materials for history and social THE ROMANOVS famine, into the sixties when poetry read- studies teachers preparing lessons on (ROM) 1997, approx. 50 min., English. ings would fill whole stadiums. Claire nineteenth-century Russia and the Bol- Bloom reads her work, Christopher Reeve Authors Mike Steinberg and Peter Kurth shevik Revolution. Included in this book narrates, and other po- take the viewer into the Soviet archives are the following lessons: the Crimean ets and scholars comment. to see the historic documents that led to War, Nineteenth-Century Russia, Russian the discovery of the remains of the Rom- Heritage of Art and Architecture, and the FRONTLINE: RETURN OF THE CZAR anovs and discuss the mysteries that per- Bolshevik Revolution. A variety of stu- (FRO2) 2000, 60 min., English. sist. Footage illuminates the opulence of dent-oriented activities and handouts ac- Distributed by PBS video. Almost a de- the Romanov life and the end of the fam- company each lesson. The activities in- cade after the fall of the Soviet Union, ily. The film includes an interview with clude simulation games, role playing, li- Russia is arguably freer than at any time Prince Nicholas Romanov telling of his feel- brary research, supplementary reading, in its history. But while the West ap- ings upon learning the fate of his family. exercises in map reading, graphing, chart- plauded the market reforms of former ing, debating, and brainstorming. RURAL RUSSIA President Boris Yeltsin, in Russia there World History: Book 4, 1920-1992. was a collapse. As career KGB officer (RUR) 1998, 50 min., English voice-over narration. Mary Anne Kovacs, et al., eds. (Center Vladimir Putin—Yeltsin’s successor— for Learning, 1993) (WOR Bk. 4) ascends to Russia’s presidency, Front- Directed by Mikhail Mikheev, this film line takes an in-depth look at what Rus- depicts life away from major metropolitan Teaching materials for history and social sia has become and why. areas, where Russia is still a land of people studies teachers preparing lessons on living in the manner of frontier life. With twentieth-century Russia and Eastern FRONTLINE: WAR IN EUROPE no major roadways, few cars, little elec- Europe. Included in this book are the fol- (FRO4) 1999, 120 min., English. tricity, and few luxuries of any kind, the lowing lessons: Revolutionary Change in Frontline correspondent Peter Boyer un- residents of the small villages in north- Eastern Europe, Nationality Questions in dertakes an in-depth examination of the east Russia depend upon the closeness the Former Soviet Union Republics, and Balkan War. Senior military leaders includ- of family and friends, hard work and pride. Leaders in the Former Soviet Union and ing General Wesley Clark narrate the story This rich documentary portrait captures the New Commonwealth of Independent of political constraints, internal divisions, a world where the land still looms larger States. A variety of student-oriented ac- and strategic miscalculations. than technology. tivities and handouts accompany each lesson. These activities include simula- (1868-1936) VLADIMIR MAYAKOVSKY (1893- tion games, role playing, library research, (MAX1) 1998, 30 min., English. 1930) supplementary reading, exercises in map Maxim Gorky, novelist, playwright and (VLA2) 1998, 30 min., English. reading, graphing, charting, debating, and essayist, was the founder of Socialist An illuminating biography filmed where brainstorming. Russian and East European Institute

10 Russian and East European Institute

The Collapse of the Soviet Union. Paul Latvian Education Winters, ed. (Greenhaven Press,1999) continued from page 5 (WIN) teachers, parents and students. For ex- Bank. While Ruberts understands the ne- This anthology chronicles the disintegra- ample, most parents with small children cessity of computer literacy, he is also tion of the Soviet empire, from the reforms were not taught Latvian history and there- wary of the machines. While computers of the 1980s to the August 1991 coup. fore have difficulty helping their children help students to access and collate infor- The book also contains chapters cover- with their homework. They often feel de- mation, they also provide exposure to por- ing the various conflicts in the former tached and alienated from their child’s nography and a flood of superficial Soviet Union (Nagorno-Karabakh and education. Other parents like Gunta Birze, American pop culture. Ruberts believes Chechnya). Winters also includes discus- whose daughter Ilze attends primary that although Latvia is now free from sion questions for each chapter, a chro- school in Riga, think otherwise. She looks Russification or Sovietization, a new nology of the collapse (starting with the forward to her daughter’s history lessons threat to Latvian culture exists in global- year 1979), and a bibliography designed and the chance to make up for what she ization. He argues that schools have to to assist readers with further research. missed in her own education. play a role in the preservation and pro- Ruberts is very concerned about vo- motion of Latvian culture. Russia: Opposing Viewpoints. William cational education. Many students who Despite the new opportunities for edu- Dudley, ed. (Greenhaven Press, 2001) do not go on to university attend out- cation reform presented by indepen- (DUD) moded vocational secondary schools. dence, serious difficulties persist. Valters This anthology includes articles, The education they receive in these Nollendorfs commented in a recent article speeches, long book excerpts, and occa- schools does not provide them with skills that: “The ministry [of education and sci- sional cartoons about post-Soviet Rus- suited to the job market. Ruberts is also ence] leaves an impression of incoher- sia. Opposing viewpoints are offered on concerned about gender inequality in the ence and lack of articulation.” He quoted four topics: Russia’s domestic problems, teaching profession. Eighty-five percent the Latvian president, Vaira Vike- the prospects for democracy in Russia, of teachers are women. He would like to Freiberga, as saying: “almost ten years Russia’s possible threat to the world, and see more men join the profession to serve after regaining independence, higher edu- US foreign policy toward Russia. Dudley as role models for young boys. cation and science in Latvia finds itself in includes questions for further discussion Keeping up, or catching up, with tech- a situation of serious crisis…either we will and contact organizations. nology has been another problem. Thus be able to transform, adapt, and perfect far, the budget has allowed for only one ourselves, or we will have sentenced our- Chronicle of the Russian Tsars: The computer to every 25 children in primary selves to extended stagnation.” This is Reign-By-Reign Record of the Rulers of school and one computer for every 10 the challenge that schools like Vidzeme Imperial Russia, by David Warnes students in secondary school in Vidzeme. University College are trying to meet. (WAR) Most of these computers have been in- Warnes’ reference book contains bio- troduced over the last four years with the Janis Cakars is a graduate student in graphical accounts of all twenty-six tsars, help of government loans from the World the School of Journalism comprehensive timelines, maps, quota- tions, and numerous illustrations and photographs. The Chronicle of Russian Romanian Ethnic Relations Tsars also places the tsars in historical continued from page 3 context by including a discussion of the key political debates of the time. comment is one of an outsider, however ethnic relations in Romania can be mis- well informed, who is looking for a con- leading: the well-known situation in trast to genocide. With respect to this Transylvania can obscure the fact that standard, Romania is, of course, doing much interesting work remains to be done POSTERS quite well. This should neither gloss over with another model of Romanian ethnic the real challenges in that state, nor ho- relations, the coexistence of numerous The Material World: Families Around mogenize a complex picture. The Germans small-groups of people of various origins the World, Russia and Albania (Grades and Hungarians, well-organized groups in Constanta and along the Black Sea in 3-12) with external-state support, have advan- the Danube Delta. Two large posters (17x22) of a Russian tages over the diverse, dispersed Roma and Albanian family in front of their groups and the much smaller, concen- houses with everything they own spread trated Kurds, neither of whom have the Doyle Stevick is a graduate student out in the front yard. Each family is sta- support of a foreign nation-state. Finally, in the Department of International tistically typical of its country. the notion that there is a single model of and Comparative Education. Russian and East European Institute

Russian and East EuropeanRussian and East European Institute 11 Institute Folklore, Fieldwork, and Fright: Ülo Valk’s Research in Kassari,

In the spirit of Halloween, Ülo Valk, economic and social changes of the times. transmission and shaping of folk belief Professor and Chair of the Folklore De- The numerous legends about demons than it did during the Soviet occupation partment at Tartu University, lectured at (kratid) and the devil (kurat) that were (1940-1991). In addition, global new-age IU on October 30 about his recent re- collected during the last century illustrate beliefs have replaced religious convic- search on aliens, ghosts and energy- the central role that the Christian view tions as the primary influence on rural Es- stones in western Estonia. Valk, who is a played in rural folklore. Valk discovered tonian folk legends. The informants’ sto- visiting professor at the University of during his summer research in Kassari that ries about alien visits to Kassari reflect a California, Berkeley for the 2000/2001 aca- while these figures are not as prominent change in the relationship between the demic-year, has spent the last decade ex- as they once were, they continue to ap- center and the periphery in Estonia. In amining folk beliefs about devils and de- pear in contemporary folk stories. For current folk legends, Kassari has been mons. During the summer of 2000, Valk example, one elderly informant in the vil- transformed from a peripheral, rural Esto- continued his exploration of the super- lage of Ristivälja told Valk that a nearby nian island to a global center of extrater- natural on the Estonian island of Kassari house had been cursed with a treasure- restrial traffic. One informant told Valk that in the Baltic Sea. fetching demon and that it was difficult Kassari, a village in China and another in Through a discussion of his research to get rid of since someone “must have England are chosen sites for alien visits. findings, Valk explained contemporary at- given blood to the Devil” in order to send According to Valk, the incorporation of titudes toward the supernatural in Kassari the demon to the house. aliens and UFOs into current folk legends and described the ways that Estonian folk During the last ten years, the folkloric illustrates some of the significant beliefs have changed in the twentieth landscape in Estonia has changed con- changes in twentieth-century Estonian century. In the nineteenth century, folk siderably. Freedom of the press in post- folklore, and this transformation invites beliefs were interpreted in the context of communist Estonia has provided room for further investigation. the Lutheran religion and reflected the the media to play a much larger role in the Byrnes/REEI Student News Endowed Fellowship Contributions The Byrnes Fellowship is the princi- Edward Lee Herrera-Hernandez (Slavics) Conference on Medievalism, Hope Col- pal memorial to the founder of REEI. The was awarded a FLAS from the Center for lege, Holland, Michigan, Sept. 27-30, 2000. Global Change to study advanced-level goal of the fund is to build an endow- Lyle Kevin Neff (Musicology) published Russian at the 2000 Summer Workshop ment that will sustain a full fellowship in an entry on Rimsky-Korsakov in Read- in Slavic and East European Languages. perpetuity. Recent donations have been ers Guide to Music, Murray Steib, ed., Herrera was awarded the SWSEEL Cer- received from the following people: (London: Fitzroy Dearborn, 1999). He has tificate of Highest Level Proficiency in the written liner notes for Vol. 1 of a planned Lois Beekey, Yulia & Eric Boyle, James after studying Rus- six-CD set of Russian composer César F. Byrnes, Phyllis Conn & Mauricio sian for a total of 10 months in the United Cui’s collected piano music, performed by Borrero, Zita Dabars, Becky & Fred H. States. Osamu Nakamura on the Pélérinage label Gregory, Joan & Lloyd Jordan, Roger & Peter K. Marsh (CEUS) gave a lecture on (2000). He also did a translation and trans- Denise Kangas, Andrew Kohlhepp, Su- October 20 on Chinggis Khan and - literation of libretti for CD reissues (2000) san M. & Thomas M. McGlasson, Carl ern nation myths in Mongolian rock and by the Musical Heritage Society of Rimsky- Reddel, Christine Rydel, Gale Stokes, pop music. The talk was sponsored by Korsakov’s May Night and Snowmaiden, Paul H. Vivian the Archives of Traditional Music and the recorded originally in the 1970’s under Persons wishing to support this fellow- Ethnomusicology Institute. conductor Vladimir Fedoseev. ship can send contributions to: Robert F. Nikita Nankov (Comparative Literature/ Tracie Wilson (Folklore) received a Byrnes/REEI Endowed Fellowship Fund, Slavics) read a paper titled “Stories and Fulbright-Hays fellowship for the 2000/ Account Number P-38-AS32-02-7, IU Histories: Constructing Russian Imperial 2001 academic-year to study environmen- Foundation, PO Box 500, Bloomington, Identity” at the Fifteenth International tal activism in Poland. IN 47402. Russian and East European Institute

12 Russian and East European Institute

Alumni News

Suzanne Elizabeth Ament (History PhD, Lori Ellison (Economics/International Legal Process in Inner Asia: Judgment 1996) presented a paper at the Kentucky Affairs BA, 2000) has been working as a and Punishment” at the Fifth Annual Foreign Language Conference last April Program Officer at the American Coun- Workshop on Central Asian Studies at in Lexington, KY on a contemporary bard cils for International Education: ACTR/ the University of Wisconsin. duo. The paper, “Ivashchenko and ACCELS in Washington, DC, since last Stephen Nedell (REEI MA/SLIS MLS, Vasil’ev: Life, society, love and satire in summer. 2000) married Karen Newman on Septem- song at the end of the USSR,” was part of ber 17, 2000. Nedell is currently employed a panel on music. She spent two months Ruth I. Meserve (CEUS PhD, 1987) pub- at the law firm of Foley, Hoag and Elliot in Russia this summer further research- lished “Inner Asian Religions of Nomadic as the Technical Services Librarian. ing this topic by doing interviews with Peoples” in Encyclopedia of Women and the singers, and starting a project on the World Religion, edited by Serinity Young Robert Rand (History MA, 1976) recently history of Naberezhnye Chelny. She is (New York: Macmillan Reference, 1999), spent three weeks in Moscow studying continuing her contract at Butler Univer- vol. 1, pp. 474-476. She also presented a issues confronting criminal defense law- sity in the Change and Tradition Program. paper titled “Domestic Livestock and the yers. He was supported by an IREX grant.

IU Alumni Participants in the 2000 AAASS Convention

Suzzanne Ament (History PhD, 1996) Mary I. Dakin (Political Science PhD, Peter Holquist (History BA, 1986) gave a served as chair for the panel “Settling and 1998) gave a paper titled “Displaced Work- paper titled “Extract, Deport, Exterminate: Unsettling the Peasant Question in the ers and Social Support: Budget Projec- Imperial and Soviet Anti-insurgency Post-Collectivization Soviet Country- tions, Payments, and Realities in Russia” Measures as Population Politics.” side.” and served as discussant for the panel Jared Ingersoll (REEI MA, 1990; History “Energy in the Caucasus and the Former Robin M. Bisha (History PhD, 1994) gave MA, 1991) participated in a discussion Soviet Union.” a paper titled “Radio and the Rule of Law: titled “Librarians and Vendors/Publishers The Memorial Society’s Use of Radio to James Felak (History PhD, 1989) pre- Working Together To Ensure Access.” Promote Discussion of Human Rights.” sented the paper “Roman Catholic Stra- Pamela Kachurin (Art History PhD, 1998) tegies of Survival in Slovakia, 1945-1948.” Melissa Bokovoy (History PhD, 1991) was presented the paper “The Jews of a discussant for the panel “Croatia Since Radu R. Florescu (History PhD, 1969) Bukhara in Soviet Visual Art.” 1990: The Tudjman Era and Beyond; He- chaired the panel “Balkan Trouble Spots” Marina Kanevskaya (Slavics PhD, 1997) roes and Assassins: The Balkans in the and served as a discussant for the panel presented the paper “Crime Mystery in Period of Nationalism.” “Diplomats and Diplomacy: American- Tolstoy and Dostoevsky” and served as Romanian Relations 1944-1951.” Charles Byrd (Slavics PhD, 1996) was a a discussant on the panel “Yunna Moritz.” discussant for the panel “War and Peace Sibelan E.S. Forrester (Slavics PhD, Sarah Kent (History PhD, 1988) gave a in Perspective: Russia in the Napoleonic 1990) presented the paper “Narrative paper titled “Zagreb” and served as chair Era.” Traces of Icons, Churches, and Saints in for the panel “Myth and Ritual in Hun- the Russian North.” Maria Carlson (Slavics PhD, 1982) was a garian History.” discussant for the panel “Cults of the Ma- Richard Frucht (History PhD, 1980) gave Lynn Lubamersky (History PhD, 1998) chine: Russian Culture and the Techno- a paper titled “Assessing American Op- presented a paper titled “The Wild logical Imagination” and a chair for the tions in Post-War Romania: The View from Woman in the Polish-Lithuanian Com- panel “‘Budem smotret’ kino’: Culture and the Ground” and chaired the panel “Edu- monwealth, 1500-1800.” the Teaching of Russian Film.” cation in Late Nineteenth-Century Croatia.” Jonathan Z. Ludwig (Slavics PhD, 1995) Mary Conroy (History PhD, 1964) pre- presented a paper titled “Mathematics and sented “The Soviet Pharmaceutical In- Helena I. Goscilo (Slavics PhD, 1976) the Machine in Evgenii Zamiatin’s ‘My’.” dustry During World War II, 1939-145: chaired the panel “Unofficial History in The Masses and the Military” and served Oral Transmission and Family Tradition” David Mason (Political Science PhD, 1978): a discussant for the panel “Poland, Hun- and served as a participant in the chaired a panel titled “Winners, Losers, gary, and the Czech Republic: NATO roundtable “The New Russians: Who, and Political Behavior in the Post-Com- Membership.” What, and Why?” munist States.” Russian and East European Institute

Russian and East EuropeanRussian and East European Institute 13 Institute Paul Michelson (History PhD, 1975) gave Faculty News a paper titled “Romanian Liberalism Prior to World War I” and served as chair for “What can be Learned from the Roma- Maria Bucur (History) gave birth to a A chapter by Ransel on merchant life in nian Elections of 2000.” healthy baby boy on October 30. His 18th century Russia (“Enlightenment and name is Dylan Daniel Deckard. Tradition: The Aestheticization of the Life Nicholas Miller (History PhD, 1991) pre- of an Eighteenth-Century Russian Mer- Daniel H. Cole (Law, IUPUI) is currently sented “The Legend of Simina Ga: Invent- chant”) appeared in the book Self and a Visiting Fellow (Clare Hall) and a Visit- ing Opposition to Communism in Serbia” Story in Russian History, eds. Laura ing Scholar (Department of Land Eco- and chaired the panel “Serb Lands in West- Engelstein and Stephanie Sandler (Cornell nomics) at the University of Cambridge. ern Eyes: A Century of Discovery.” University Press). He is working on a book, to be published by Cambridge University Press, about Steve Raymer (Journalism) is this year’s Partick O’Neil (Political Science PhD, relations between property systems and chairman of the National Press Photogra- 1991) gave the paper “National Power: environmental protection. phers Association Flying Short Course, Nuclear Energy and Sovereignty in Ar- which took an international faculty of menia and Lithuania.” Sue Grimmond (Geography) visited Uni- photographers and editors to five cities versity of Lodz, Poland this summer and in October. Raymer has also lectured this Michaela Pohl (History PhD, 1999) pre- returned there in early November to set year on photojournalism ethics and prac- sented the paper “Settlers and Bosses in up meteorological instrumentation with tice at Nayang Technological University the Virgin Lands” and was a participant graduate student Brian Offerle (Geog- in Singapore and at the University of in the roundtable discussion “‘Some of raphy). They are studying energy parti- Malaya in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. My Best Friends are Natsmeny’: Stalinism tioning over the city of Lodz through the and the Nationalities.” winter to early summer. This work is par- Thomas A. Sebeok (Distinguished Pro- tially sponsored by an Indiana Univer- fessor Emeritus, Semiotics) spent the last Donald Raleigh (History PhD, 1978) par- sity President’s Council on International week of October at the University of Chi- ticipated in a roundtable discussion titled Programs International Projects and Ac- cago, where he participated in the inau- th “Research Methods: Insights and Inno- tivities Grant. She will also present a talk gural ceremonies of Don Randel as its 12 vations.” titled “A local scale urban meteorological president. He was delegated by IU Presi- parameterization scheme (LUMPS)” while dent Myles Brand and the Linguistic So- Thomas L. Sakmyster (History PhD, at the university. ciety of America to attend these events. 1971) served as a discussant for the panel During the same week, he was the open- “Hungary and Poland: The Historical Re- Roger Hamburg (Political Science, Emeri- ing speaker in a newly created seminar lationship Since 1939.” tus, IUSB) went to Budapest on October series at the University of Chicago titled 29 with the Atlantic Council. “Semiotics: Culture in Context.” He was also awarded a professional achievement Ben H. Slay (Economics PhD, 1989) par- János Mazsu (CEUS) presented “Mod- citation by the university. ticipated in a roundtable discussion titled ernization of Hungary’s Educational Sys- “Non-Russian FSU Economies: Ten Years tem Before World War I” at a conference Denis Sinor (Distinguished Professor Later.” titled “Hungary Through the Centuries: Emeritus, CEUS) attended the 43rd annual A Millenial Retrospection” held at the meeting of the permanent International Theofanis Stavrou (History PhD, 1961) University of Toronto last September. Altaistic Conference, of which he is the served as a discussant for the panel “The secretary general, this past September. He Janet Rabinowitch (IU Press) received the Authority of Religious Texts in Fin de also recently published a Turkish trans- 2000 outstanding achievement award Siècle Russia.” lation of The Cambridge History of Early from the Association for Women in Slavic Inner Asia, an article titled “Old Turkic Studies. The award was presented at the Willard Sunderland (History PhD, 1997) and Middle Turkic Languages” in His- AAASS annual meeting in November. In presented the paper “State and Empire in tory of the Civilizations of Central Asia, presenting the award, AWSS president Mironov’s ‘Sotsial’naia Istoriia Rossii’” and three entries in Trade, Travel, and Sibelan Forrester spoke of Rabinowitch’s and was a discussant for the panel “Colo- Exploration in the Middle Ages: An En- immense contribution to Slavic women’s nization in Plan and Practice: From the cyclopedia. Sinor is one of two American studies through her work at IU Press. to the Soviet Union.” members of the supervisory board of the David Ransel’s (REEI) new book Village Britannica Hungarica, a Hungarian ver- Mark von Hagen (History MA, 1978) Mothers: Three Generations of Change sion of the Encyclopedia Britannica, and chaired a panel titled “Post-Soviet and in Russia and Tataria has been published devoted much of his summer to work on Cultural Studies in Germany.” by IU Press. See description on page 14. that project. Russian and East European Institute

14 Russian and East European Institute

New From Indiana University Press

Now in paperback! Now in paperback! ing from patriarchal tyranny to civil war, BAYONETS BEFORE BULLETS: The WHO ARE THE MACEDONIANS? governmental coercion and violence, fam- Imperial Russian Army, 1861-1914 Second Edition ine and world war. Their testimonies re- Bruce W. Menning Hugh Poulton veal the strategies by which they main- tained a measure of personal control and Poulton traces the history of the peoples In the first comprehensive institutional choice that enabled them to build a sense of Macedonia from antiquity to the and operational history of the Imperial of independence, endure hardship, and present. The impact of nationalism in the Russian Army during the crucial period give meaning to their lives. of modernization, Menning surveys the Balkans and the disintegration of the Ot- development of organization, doctrine, toman Empire are examined in relation to TILL MY TALE IS TOLD: Women’s and strategy from the aftermath of Macedonia, with special reference to the Memoirs of the th Russia’s defeat in the Crimean War to the territorial struggles of the 19 and early Edited by Simeon Vilensky th Eve of World War I. Menning weaves 20 centuries. Later chapters examine how Translated by John Crowfoot, Marjorie analysis of reforms in military science with Tito fostered a separate Macedonian con- Farquharson, Catriona Kelly, Sally Laird, lively accounts combat of operations and sciousness and how the Macedonians and Cathy Porter the personalities involved. Battlefield fared in relation to other Yugoslav ethnic Winner of the Heldt Award for best trans- maps, operational diagrams, and rare pho- groups. The book includes Macedonia’s lation in Slavic women’s studies, pre- tographs enhance the text. emergence as an independent state and sented by the Association for Women in its role in the Kosovo conflict. Slavic Studies, 2000! Back in print with a new afterword! Back in print in a new edition! Translated into English for the first time, THE SOVIET NOVEL: History as Ritual A CENTURY OF AMBIVALENCE: The the narratives collected in this volume Third Edition Jews of Russia and the Soviet Union, were written illegally and for many years Katerina Clark 1881 to the Present hidden away from public view. Although Second, Expanded Edition in 1956 political prisoners began to be re- Deploying analytical tools drawn from Zvi Gitelman anthropology, history, and literary theory, habilitated, their writings were repressed Katerina Clark’s pathbreaking study ex- A century ago the Russian Empire con- as “slandering the Soviet system.” What plores the evolution of socialist realist tained the largest Jewish community in emerges from these moving testimonies novel as a myth-like genre. Blending in- the world, numbering about five million is not only the brutality these women tellectual and literary history, Clark traces people. Today, the Jewish population of endured but also the extraordinary ten- the development of the novel’s master the former Soviet Union has dwindled to derness, kindness, and humanity they plot from its origin in the mid-19th century half a million, but remains probably the maintained under barbarous conditions. th world’s third largest Jewish community. to its end at the close of the 20 . A WHOLE EMPIRE WALKING: Refu- In the intervening century the Jews of gees in Russia during World War I that area have been at the center of some Peter Gatrell SLOVENIA AND THE SLOVENES of the most dramatic and horrifying events Cathie Carmichael and James Gow of modern history. This redesigned edi- Winner of the Vucinich Prize for best book in Slavic studies, presented by the One of Europe’s smallest countries, with tion includes more than 200 photographs American Association for the Advance- a population of less than 2 million, and two substantial new chapters on the ment of Slavic Studies, 2000! Slovenia has an ancient and distinct na- fate of Jews and Judaism in the former tional culture. Emerging as an indepen- Soviet Union. Gatrell offers a fresh perspective on so- dent state in 1991 with the breakup of the cial and political upheaval in revolution- VILLAGE MOTHERS: Three Genera- remnants of Yugoslavia, Slovenia now ary Russia through a close examination tions of Change in Russia and Tataria faces the challenge of defining itself of population displacement during World David L. Ransel within the “New Europe” as it deals with War I. Drawing upon hitherto unused ar- problems of political and economic tran- Village Mothers describes the reception chival material in Russia, Latvia, and Ar- sition. This comprehensive introduction of modern medical ideas and practices by menia and informed by perspectives of to the history, culture, and politics of three generations of Russian and Tatar social and critical theory, this book is es- Slovenia shows how Slovenes are work- village women in the 20th century. The sential reading for historians of late im- ing to become part of Europe while striv- women interviewed were subject to pow- perial and revolutionary Russia and any- ing to preserve their distinctive culture. erful forces beyond their control, rang- one interested in World War I. Russian and East European Institute

Russian and East EuropeanRussian and East European Institute 15 Institute Summer Workshop: A Report and Appeal to Alumni and Friends In the summer of 2000 the Slavic Workshop celebrated its 50th anniversary. The name of the workshop has changed since 1950, and its make-up has shifted to conform to changing times and to accommodate student interests. Even so, the workshop has remained essentially the same: we teach many languages and we teach them well. The 2000 workshop, now called the Summer Workshop in Slavic, East European and Central Asian Languages, taught the following languages: Russian, Czech, Polish, Serbian/Croatian, Slovene, Romanian, Hungarian, Azeri, Georgian, Kazak, Turkmen, and Uzbek. A total of 133 students enrolled in the workshop. While the number of participants in the workshop has decreased somewhat in the past dozen years, the funding has remained the same, or even better: a total of 29 FLAS fellowships; 20 Social Science Research Council fellowships; and both the SSRC and the American Council of Learned Societies contributed funds to support teaching in a number East/Central European and Central Asian languages. We could use your help to reverse the recent decline in workshop enrollment. Please tell your colleagues and students about the success of our program and the opportunities that it offers. Our surveys tell us that students attend the workshop primarily because it is recommended by a teacher, colleague, or former attendee. We especially need qualified students, graduate and undergraduate, in Intermediate and Advanced Russian, both of which had excellent fellowship support last summer. The workshop program retains the high standards you are familiar with. Our Russian and Central Asian programs were evaluated by the Social Science Research Council this summer, received excellent marks and were recommended for the highest levels of funding. Our program in East/Central European languages is likewise rated highly. The ACLS funded the teaching of fiv e languages last summer. The IU administration showed its support by waiving tuition costs for all graduate students in the East/ Central European area! We would be grateful if you told your students, graduate and undergraduate, about the great variety of languages, the high level of financial support that we have available for qualified students in all languages, the tuition waivers for ACLS funded languages, and about our accompanying cultural programs in all three areas: Russian, East/Central European, and Central Asian. Potential participants should also be told about our excellent teachers, and, above all, about the gourmet food in the dorm and the ideal summer weather in Bloomington. Jerzy Kolodziej, Director, Summer Workshop in Slavic and East European Languages David L. Ransel, Director, Russian and East European Institute Russian and East European Institute Non-Profit Organization Ballantine Hall 565 U.S. Postage PAID Indiana University Bloomington IN

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