University of Manchester School of Environment and Development
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The Case for Stronger Regulation of Environmental Marketing
University of Missouri School of Law Scholarship Repository Faculty Publications Faculty Scholarship Summer 2020 Greenwashing No More: The Case for Stronger Regulation of Environmental Marketing Robin M. Rotman Chloe J. Gossett Hope D. Goldman Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.missouri.edu/facpubs Part of the Environmental Law Commons, and the Marketing Law Commons 08. ALR 72.3_ROTMAN (ARTICLE) (DO NOT DELETE) 8/22/2020 11:30 PM GREENWASHING NO MORE: THE CASE FOR STRONGER REGULATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MARKETING ROBIN M. ROTMAN*, CHLOE J. GOSSETT**, AND HOPE D. GOLDMAN*** Fraudulent and deceptive environmental claims in marketing (sometimes called “greenwashing”) are a persistent problem in the United States, despite nearly thirty years of efforts by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) to prevent it. This Essay focuses on a recent trend in greenwashing—fraudulent “organic” claims for nonagricultural products, such as home goods and personal care products. We offer three recommendations. First, we suggest ways that the FTC can strengthen its oversight of “organic” claims for nonagricultural products and improve coordination with the USDA. Second, we argue for inclusion of guidelines for “organic” claims in the next revision of the FTC’s Guidelines for the Use of Environmental Marketing Claims (often referred to as the “Green Guides”), which the FTC is scheduled to revise in 2022. Finally, we assert that the FTC should formalize the Green Guides as binding regulations, rather than their current form as nonbinding interpretive guidance, as the USDA has done for the National Organic Program (NOP) regulations. This Essay concludes that more robust regulatory oversight of “organic” claims, together with efforts by the FTC to prevent other forms of greenwashing, will ultimately bolster demand for sustainable products and incentivize manufacturers to innovate to meet this demand. -
Geography and Atmospheric Science 1
Geography and Atmospheric Science 1 Undergraduate Research Center is another great resource. The center Geography and aids undergraduates interested in doing research, offers funding opportunities, and provides step-by-step workshops which provide Atmospheric Science students the skills necessary to explore, investigate, and excel. Atmospheric Science labs include a Meteorology and Climate Hub Geography as an academic discipline studies the spatial dimensions of, (MACH) with state-of-the-art AWIPS II software used by the National and links between, culture, society, and environmental processes. The Weather Service and computer lab and collaborative space dedicated study of Atmospheric Science involves weather and climate and how to students doing research. Students also get hands-on experience, those affect human activity and life on earth. At the University of Kansas, from forecasting and providing reports to university radio (KJHK 90.7 our department's programs work to understand human activity and the FM) and television (KUJH-TV) to research project opportunities through physical world. our department and the University of Kansas Undergraduate Research Center. Why study geography? . Because people, places, and environments interact and evolve in a changing world. From conservation to soil science to the power of Undergraduate Programs geographic information science data and more, the study of geography at the University of Kansas prepares future leaders. The study of geography Geography encompasses landscape and physical features of the planet and human activity, the environment and resources, migration, and more. Our Geography integrates information from a variety of sources to study program (http://geog.ku.edu/degrees/) has a unique cross-disciplinary the nature of culture areas, the emergence of physical and human nature with pathway options (http://geog.ku.edu/geography-pathways/) landscapes, and problems of interaction between people and the and diverse faculty (http://geog.ku.edu/faculty/) who are passionate about environment. -
Management, Leadership and Leisure 12 - 15 Your Future 16-17 Entry Requirements 18
PLANNING AND MANCHESTER MANAGEMENT, GEOGRAPHY ENVIRONMENTAL ARCHITECTURE INSTITUTE OF LEADERSHIP SCHOOL SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT EDUCATION AND LEISURE OF LAW SOCIAL SCIENCES SCHOOL OF ENVIRONMENT, SCHOOL OF ENVIRONMENT, SCHOOL OF ENVIRONMENT, SCHOOL OF ENVIRONMENT, SCHOOL OF ENVIRONMENT, EDUCATION AND EDUCATION AND EDUCATION AND EDUCATION AND EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT UNDERGRADUATE UNDERGRADUATE Undergraduate Courses 2020 Undergraduate Courses 2020 Undergraduate Courses 2020 Undergraduate Courses 2020 Undergraduate Courses 2020 COURSES 2020 COURSES 2020 www.manchester.ac.uk/study-geography www.manchester.ac.uk/pem www.manchester.ac.uk/msa www.manchester.ac.uk/mie www.manchester.ac.uk/mll www.manchester.ac.uk www.manchester.ac.uk CHOOSE HY STUDY MANAGEMENT, MANCHESTER LEADERSHIPW AND LEISURE AT MANCHESTER? At Manchester, you’ll experience an education and environment that sets CONTENTS you on the right path to a professionally rewarding and personally fulfilling future. Choose Manchester and we’ll help you make your mark. Choose Manchester 2-3 Kai’s Manchester 4-5 Stellify 6-7 What the City has to offer 8-9 Applied Study Periods 10-11 Gain over 500 hours of industry experience through work-based placements Management, Leadership and Leisure 12 - 15 Your Future 16-17 Entry Requirements 18 Tailor your degree with options in sport, tourism and events management Broaden your horizons by gaining experience through UK-based or international work placements Develop skills valued within the global leisure industry, including learning a language via your free choice modules CHOOSE MANCHESTER 3 AFFLECK’S PALACE KAI’S Affleck’s is an iconic shopping emporium filled with unique independent traders selling everything from clothes, to records, to Pokémon cards! MANCHESTER It’s a truly fantastic environment with lots of interesting stuff, even to just window shop or get a coffee. -
The Empirics of New Economic Geography ∗
The Empirics of New Economic Geography ∗ Stephen J Redding LSE, Yale School of Management and CEPR y February 28, 2009 Abstract Although a rich and extensive body of theoretical research on new economic geography has emerged, empirical research remains comparatively less well developed. This paper reviews the existing empirical literature on the predictions of new economic geography models for the distribution of income and production across space. The discussion highlights connections with other research in regional and urban economics, identification issues, potential alternative explanations and possible areas for further research. Keywords: New economic geography, market access, industrial location, multiple equilibria JEL: F12, F14, O10 ∗This paper was produced as part of the Globalization Programme of the ESRC-funded Centre for Economic Performance at the London School of Economics. Financial support under the European Union Research Training grant MRTN-CT-2006-035873 is also gratefully acknowledged. I am grateful to a number of co-authors and colleagues for insight, discussion and comments, including in particular Tony Venables and Gilles Duranton, and also Guy Michaels, Henry Overman, Esteban Rossi-Hansberg, Peter Schott, Daniel Sturm and Nikolaus Wolf. I bear sole responsibility for the opinions expressed and any errors. yDepartment of Economics, London School of Economics, Houghton Street, London, WC2A 2AE, United Kingdom. Tel: + 44 20 7955 7483, Fax: + 44 20 7955 7595, Email: s:j:redding@lse:ac:uk. Web: http : ==econ:lse:ac:uk=staff=sredding=. 1 1 Introduction Over the last two decades, the uneven distribution of economic activity across space has received re- newed attention with the emergence of the “new economic geography” literature following Krugman (1991a). -
Environmental and Natural Resources; Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resources Career Cluster
Statewide Program of Study: Environmental and Natural Resources; Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resources Career Cluster Principles of Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resources Level 1 Wildlife, Fisheries, and Ecology Management/Lab Forestry and Woodland Ecosystems/Lab Level 2 Range Ecology Management/Lab Energy and Natural Resources Technology/Lab Level 3 Advanced Energy and Natural Resource/Lab Practicum in Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resources Level 4 Project-Based Research Scientific Research and Design MASTER’S/ Median Annual HIGH SCHOOL/ DOCTORAL Occupations Wage Openings % Growth INDUSTRY CERTIFICATE/ ASSOCIATE’S BACHELOR’S PROFESSIONAL Environmental $53,352 101 32% CERTIFICATION LICENSE* DEGREE DEGREE DEGREE Engineering Technicians Wastewater Board Certified Environmental Environmental Environmental Environmental Engineers $86,757 288 25% Collections, Class Environmental Science Science Science 1 Engineer - Environmental Science $40,268 508 17% Hazardous Waste and Protection Management Technicians, Including Health Environmental Scientists $77,896 644 24% Water Operators, Certified Water Environmental Environmental/ Environmental/ Class D Technologist Studies Environmental Environmental and Specialists, Including Health Health Health Engineering Engineering Zoologists and Wildlife $67,309 45 32% OSHA Hazardous Certified Wildlife, Fish, Wildlife, Fish, Wildlife, Fish, and Biologists Waste Operations Environmental and and Woodlands Woodlands and Emergency Scientist Woodlands Science and Science and Response Science and Management Management Management WORK BASED LEARNING AND EXPANDED Certified in Public Environmental Natural Fishing and Health Engineering Resources Law Fisheries Science LEARNING OPPORTUNITIES Technology/ Enforcement and Management Work Based Learning Environmental and Protective Exploration Activities: Activities: Technology Services Attend summer leadership events Intern at a waste treatment plant Additional industry-based certification information is available on Texas FFA FFA Supervised Agriculture Experience the TEA CTE website. -
Geography Introduction
Geography Student Handbook CSUS Geography, Fall 2005 Geography Student Handbook contents ONE WELCOME TO GEOGRAPHY Part Welcome Geography Students 1 Reception 2 Keeping the Department Informed 2 Faculty Profiles and Contact Information 3 Maps 4 Campus 4 Bizzini Hall (Classroom Building) 2nd Floor 5 GIS Lab 6 Bio-Ag 7 TWO WHAT IS GEOGRAPHY? 8 Definitions 8 Areas of Geographic Study 9 General Readings in Geography and Teaching 10 THREE YOUR PROGRAM 11 Advising 11 Registration 12 Geography Courses (from Catalog) 13 BA Geography Worksheet (regular tract) 14 BA Geography with Applied Concentration Worksheet 15 Geography Minor Worksheet 16 Liberal Studies with Geography Concentration Worksheet 17 Social Science with Geography Concentration Worksheet 17 General Education Worksheet 18 Plagerism and Academic Dishonesty 19 Readings – Coping with Classes 20 Internships 21 FOUR GEOGRAPHY’S FACILITIES 22 Laboratories 22 The Field 22 GIS Lab 23 Bio-Ag 23 The Bridge 24 Study Abroad 25 Other Facilities 26 FIVE LIFE AFTER CSUS 27 Occupations 27 Graduate School 28 Letter of Reference 29 1 one - welcome to geography “Of all the disciplines, it is geography that has captured the vision of the earth as a whole.” Kenneth Boulding WELCOME GEOGRAPHY STUDENTS! This student handbook provides a way for you to track your degree progress and helps you navigate a path, not only to complete your degree, but to seek a profession in geography or attend graduate school. It serves as a convenient source for general information about the discipline of geography, department and campus resources, and who to contact with various questions. This handbook does not replace the personal one-to-one contact between yourself and your advisor. -
Environmental Science: Integrated Sciences Emphasis
Environmental Science: Integrated Sciences emphasis Understanding & Protecting Our Environment Today’s global environmental problems demand professionals who grasp the complex physical, biological, and social contexts for those problems. Take advantage of this unique program to develop a strong foundation in both environmental science and the human dimensions of environmental issues. Work to develop your own focus by choosing courses from across the University of Idaho. In addition, through this option you will seamlessly incorporate a semester study program, minor, or certificate program to deepen your skillset and increase your marketability across the full range of environmental careers. FRESHMAN FALL SPRING COURSE CREDITS COURSE CREDITS ENVS 101 - Introduction to Environmental Science 3 ENGL 102 - College Writing & Rhetoric 3 ENVS 102 - Field Activities 1 MATH 143 - Pre-Calc Algebra & Analytical Geometry OR MATH 160 - Survey of Calculus OR 3-4 ENGL 101 - Introduction to College Writing 3 MATH 170 - Analytical Geometry & Calculus I ENVS 201 - Careers in the Environmental Sciences 3 Minor/Certificate/ Semester-long experience 3 COMM 101 - Fundamentals of Oral Communications 2 General Education Requirement 3 General Education Requirement 3 General Education Requirement 3 TOTAL 15 TOTAL 15-16 SUMMER BEFORE SOPHOMORE, JUNIOR, OR SENIOR YEAR COURSE CREDITS ENVS 498 - Environmental Science Internship OR 1 can take during fall/spring semester TOTAL 1 SOPHOMORE FALL SPRING COURSE CREDITS COURSE CREDITS GEOL 101/101L - Physical Geology & Lab -
(Public Pack)Agenda Document for Executive, 11/03/2020 10:00
Public Document Pack Executive Date: Wednesday, 11 March 2020 Time: 10.00 am Venue: Council Antechamber, Level 2, Town Hall Extension Everyone is welcome to attend this Executive meeting. Access to the Council Antechamber Public access to the Antechamber is via the Council Chamber on Level 2 of the Town Hall Extension, using the lift or stairs in the lobby of the Mount Street entrance to the Extension. That lobby can also be reached from the St. Peter’s Square entrance and from Library Walk. There is no public access from the Lloyd Street entrances of the Extension. Filming and broadcast of the meeting Meetings of the Executive are ‘webcast’. These meetings are filmed and broadcast live on the Internet. If you attend this meeting you should be aware that you might be filmed and included in that transmission. Membership of the Executive Councillors Leese (Chair), Akbar, Bridges, Craig, N Murphy, S Murphy, Ollerhead, Rahman, Stogia and Richards Membership of the Consultative Panel Councillors Karney, Leech, M Sharif Mahamed, Sheikh, Midgley, Ilyas, Taylor and S Judge The Consultative Panel has a standing invitation to attend meetings of the Executive. The Members of the Panel may speak at these meetings but cannot vote on the decision taken at the meetings. Executive Agenda 1. Appeals To consider any appeals from the public against refusal to allow inspection of background documents and/or the inclusion of items in the confidential part of the agenda. 2. Interests To allow Members an opportunity to [a] declare any personal, prejudicial or disclosable pecuniary interests they might have in any items which appear on this agenda; and [b] record any items from which they are precluded from voting as a result of Council Tax/Council rent arrears; [c] the existence and nature of party whipping arrangements in respect of any item to be considered at this meeting. -
Handbook Headings
School of Environment, Education and Development Planning and Environmental Management MSc Global Urban Development and Planning 2019-2020 Programme Handbook www.seed.manchester.ac.uk/studentintranet ii School of Environment, Education and Development Planning and Environmental Management MSc Global Urban Development and Planning 2019-2020 Programme Handbook www.seed.manchester.ac.uk/studentintranet iii iv Welcome to the School of Environment, Education and Development The School of Environment, Education and Development (SEED) was formed in August 2013 and forges an interdisciplinary partnership combining Geography and Planning and Environmental Management with the Global Development Institute (GDI), the Manchester School of Architecture and the Manchester Institute of Education, thus uniting research into social and environmental dimensions of human activity. Each department has its own character and the School seeks to retain this whilst building on our interdisciplinary strengths. The Global Development Institute (GDI) is a culmination of an impressive history of development studies at The University of Manchester which has spanned more than 60 years and unites the strengths of the Institute for Development and Policy Management (IDPM) and the Brooks World Poverty Institute. IDPM was established in 1958 and became the UK’s largest University-based International Development Studies centre, with over thirty Manchester-based academic and associated staff. Its objective is to promote social and economic development, particularly within lower-income countries and for disadvantaged groups, by enhancing the capabilities of individuals and organisations through education, training, consultancy, research and policy analysis. To build on this tradition, the University created in SEED the Brooks World Poverty Institute, a multidisciplinary centre of excellence researching poverty, poverty reduction, inequality and growth. -
Green Marketing and Environmental Consumerism in Continuing Higher Education Cathy Sandeen University of California Los Angeles
It’s Not Easy Being Green: Green Marketing and Environmental Consumerism in Continuing Higher Education Cathy Sandeen UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES ver the last few years, terms such as “carbon neutral,” “greenwashing,” and “zero impact” have begun to permeate the media. The proliferation and serious use of such terms reflect a significant cultural focus on one of the most crucial Oissues of our time: sustainability—an effort to reduce our impact on the environment. Not surprisingly, the current focus on all things “green—greener— greenest” has found its way into the realm of continuing higher education as well through a proliferation of courses and programs. A recent Internet search on the phrase “sustainability certificate” produced over 7,600 results, reflecting a strong perceived or real demand. This article provides both a working knowledge of the field and practi- cal applications of the concepts and is organized according to the following sections: • sustainability in the US; • the corporate response; • sustainability in higher education and continuing higher educa- tion; © 2009 Cathy Sandeen, Dean of Continuing Education and UCLA Extension, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA CONTINUING HIGHER EDUCATION REVIEW, Vol. 73, 2009 93 IT'S NOT EASY BEING GREEN • green marketing and environmental consumerism (including “greenwashing”); • results from a current original market research survey; and • practical next steps for continuing higher educators. Throughout I have provided a number of definitions of commonly accepted and relatively new terms related to sustainability. BRIEF BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT Carbon neutral: “Calculating your total climate-damaging carbon emis- sions, reducing them where possible, and then balancing your remaining emissions, often by purchasing a carbon offset: paying to plant new trees or investing in ‘green’ technologies such as solar and wind power” (Oxford American Dictionary). -
Volunteering for Wellbeing Final Report 2013 – 2016 Social Return
Inspiring Futures: Volunteering for Wellbeing Final Report 2013 – 2016 Social Return on Investment A Heritage Lottery Fund Project delivered by IWM North and Manchester Museum 2013 - 2016 In partnership with Museum of Science and Industry, People’s History Museum, National Trust: Dunham Massey, Manchester City Galleries, Ordsall Hall, Manchester Jewish Museum, Whitworth Art Gallery, National Football Museum If | Volunteering for Wellbeing | About IWM North and Manchester Museum IWM North IWM North has established itself as a key cultural player in the North. The museum is a learning experience where imaginative exhibitions, programmes and projects are combined to promote public understanding of the causes, course and consequence of war and conflict involving the UK and Commonwealth since 1900. Manchester Museum Manchester Museum is dedicated to inspiring visitors of all ages to learn about the natural world and human cultures, past and present. Tracing its roots as far back as 1821, the museum has grown to become one of the UK’s great regional museums and its largest university museum. Inspiring Futures: Volunteering for Wellbeing Final Report 2013 – 2016 Social Return on Investment If | Volunteering for Wellbeing | Final Report 2013 – 2016 | Social Return on Investment CONTENTSContents About IWM North and Manchester Museum 03 Introduction by lead partners 05 Executive Summary 06 The Report Section 1 | Evaluation, aims and objectives 11 Section 2 | How if works - process inputs 16 Section 3 | What was achieved - Longitudinal outcomes 23 -
Manchester Publishing Date: 2007-11-01 | Country Code: Gb 1
ADVERTISING AREA REACH THE TRAVELLER! MANCHESTER PUBLISHING DATE: 2007-11-01 | COUNTRY CODE: GB 1. DURING PLANNING 2. DURING PREPARATION Contents: The City, Do & See, Eating, Bars & Nightlife, Shopping, Cafés, Sleeping, Essential Information 3. DURING THE TRIP Advertise under these headings: The City, Do & See, Cafés, Eating, Bars & Nightlife, Shopping, Sleeping, Essential Information, maps Copyright © 2007 Fastcheck AB. All rights reserved. For more information visit: www.arrivalguides.com SPACE Do you want to reach this audience? Contact Fastcheck FOR E-mail: [email protected] RENT Tel: +46 31 711 03 90 Population: 2.6 million inhabitants Currency: British Pound, £1 = 100 pence Opening hours: Shops are usually open on Monday - Friday 10 a.m. – 8 p.m., Saturday 9 a.m. – 7 p.m., Sunday 11 a.m. – 5 p.m. Internet: www.visitmanchester.com/travel www.manchester2002-uk.com/whatsnew www.manchester.world-guides.com Newspapers: The Guardian Manchester Evening News Manchester Metro News (free) Emergency numbers: 112, 999 Tourist information: Manchester Tourist Information Centre is in the Town Hall Extension, St. Peter’s Square. Tel: +44 (0)161 234 3157 / 3158. There are also tourist offices at 101 Liverpool Road and in the arrival hall at the airport. MANCHESTER These days, Manchester is famous for more than just football and rock n’ roll – even if these activities are still very important. Cool bars and shops nestle side by side in suburbs such as Northern Quarter, Castlefield and Gay Village. DESTINATION: MANCHESTER |PUBLISHING DATE: 2007-11-01 THE CITY city which compares well with other international cities. Wherever you are you’ll find the historical waterways.