Impact of KGBVs on Girls’ Education and Retention Principal Investigator Dr. Priti Chaudhari Co-Investigators Dr. Kashyapi Awasthi Dr. Jyotsna Amin Research Associate Ms. Rugi P. A Centre of Advanced Study in Education Faculty of Education and Psychology The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda Vadodara April 2012 Impact of KGBVs on Girls’ Education and Retention Principal Investigator Dr. Priti Chaudhari Co-Investigators Dr. Kashyapi Awasthi Dr. Jyotsna Amin Research Associate Ms. Rugi P. A Centre of Advanced Study in Education Faculty of Education and Psychology The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda Vadodara April 2012 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We, the members of KGBV project, take this opportunity to express our deepest sense of gratitude and our heartfelt thanks to all the members of institutions and personnel who have assisted and contributed in the smooth conduct of this relevant and meaningful contribution in the field of educational research. We, at the outset are extremely grateful to Mr. Manoj Agrawal, State Project Director, DPEP / SSA, Gujarat Council of Primary Education, for his co-operation and support in the project. We sincerely thank Mr. Lalit Vyas, Research Officer, GCPE, Gandhinagar and Mr. J. L. Dasa, former Research Officer, GCPE, Gandhinagar for their support throughout the project. We also place on record our warm hearted thanks to Ms. Darshana Suthar, State Gender Co-ordinator for providing the technical support during the project and for encouraging us by attending all our queries on time. We record our sincere thanks to Ms Trupti Sheth, State Director, Mahila Samakhya for her co-operation in the project work. It is also a pleasure to recall the motivation, support, co-operation and timely guidance provided by Dr. R. C. Patel, Associate professor, CASE, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara during the project work. It had been fruitful learning experience working with him. We specially acknowledge the invaluable co-operation and timely assistance rendered by authorities of The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda in prompt approval of the various procedures and requirements for the smooth conduct of the project. We also acknowledge the co-operation of District Gender Coordinators for facilitating the project team during the process of Data collection. We are grateful to OIC Gender of all the districts and the MS representatives of those districts where MS society manages the KGBVs for their guidance. We place on record our most sincere thanks to all the co-coordinators of BRC and CRC and the block Resource Persons for their unstinted efforts and co-operation during the field work by the Field Investigators. The invaluable co-operation extended by the Head Teachers, students and other supporting staff of the KGBVs spread across Gujarat State in collection of relevant data is highly appreciated by the Project Team. Our heartfelt thanks to the committed and inquisitive team of field investigators, Nirmeet Trivedi, Ajit Baldaniya, Anisha Rathod and Jyotsna Vasava, for the timely completion of the gigantic task of Data collection without any reminders. We thank Mr. Deepak Chauhan for rendering his technological and intellectual expertise during the process of data analysis and attending promptly to the queries during the data interpretation process. We are also thankful to Mr. Nareshbhai Shah for providing secretarial assistance. i Finally, we would like to thank Gujarat Council of Primary Education, Gandhinagar, for providing the financial support which enabled us to carry out this fruitful academic research. Dr. Priti Chaudhary Dr. Jyotsna Amin Dr. Kashyapi Awasthi Ms. Rugi P. A Principal Investigator Co-investigator Co-investigator Research Associate ii CONTENTS TOPIC Page No. Acknowledgement i Table of Contents iii List of Tables vi List of Graphs viii List of Abbreviations ix Executive Summary x TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter I Conceptual Framework Page No. 1.0.0 Introduction 1 1.1.0 Elementary Education in India 1 1.1.1 Sarva Siksha Abhiyan 2 1.2.0 Girls Education at Elementary Level 2 1.2.1 National Programme for Education of Girls at Elementary Level 3 (NPEGEL) 1.3.0 Kasturba Gandhi BalikaVidhyalaya (KGBV) 3 1.3.1 Scope/Coverage of the KGBV scheme 4 1.3.2 Criteria for eligible blocks 4 1.3.3 Objective of KGBVs 4 1.3.4 Strategies of KGBVs 4 1.3.5 Components of KGBV Scheme 5 1.3.6 Implementation, monitoring and Evaluation 7 1.3.7 State and National Support Group 7 1.3.8 Process of Allocation of KGBV 8 1.3.9 Funding Pattern for KGBV 8 1.4.0 KGBVs in Gujarat State 9 Chapter 2 Methodology 2.0.0 Introduction 10 2.1.0 Title of the Study 10 2.2.0 Objectives of the Study 10 2.2.1 Operationalization of the terms 10 2.3.0 Sample of the Study 11 2.4.0 Description of the tool 13 2.5.0 Data Collection 14 2.6.0 Data Analysis 15 iii Chapter 3 Analysis And Interpretation Of Data 3.0.0 Introduction 16 3.1.0 Analysis and Interpretation of the Data for Objective 1 16 3.2.0 Analysis and Interpretation of the Data for Objective 2 36 3.3.0 Analysis and Interpretation of the Data for Objective 3 43 3.4.0 Analysis and Interpretation of the Data for Objective 4 54 3.5.0 Analysis and Interpretation of the Data for Objective 5 62 3.6.0 Analysis and Interpretation of the Data for Objective 6 130 3.7.0 Analysis and Interpretation of the Data for Objective 7 133 3.8.0 Analysis and Interpretation of the Data for Objective 8 141 3.9.0 Suggestions from the functionaries 145 3.9.1 Suggestions from OIC Gender, District/State Gender coordinator/ 145 Director MS 3.9.2 Suggestions from CRCCs/BRCCs/CRP/BRP 145 Chapter 4 Findings, Conclusion, Suggestions and Actionable points 4.0.0 Introduction 147 4.1.0 Major Findings 147 Findings related to the status of KGBVs in terms of availability, 4.1.1 adequacy, usability, relevance and appropriate utilization of 147 material resources 4.1.2 Findings related to the profile of the teachers and students 148 Findings related to the Enrolment patterns, retention rate and 4.1.3 149 dropout rate of girls in KGBVs Findings related to the social relationship within staff members, 4.1.4 151 teachers and girls and amongst girls Findings related to the teaching learning process in KGBVs 4.1.5 through achievement of students and observation of class-room 152 teaching Findings related to the academic, administrative, & financial 4.1.6 support provided by CRCC, BRCC and District Gender 154 coordinators Findings related to the perception of different functionaries 4.1.7 155 regarding the impact of KGBV on girls’ retention and education Findings related to the problems faced by beneficiaries and 4.1.8 156 functionaries 4.1.9 Other interrelated findings 160 4.2.0 Discussion of the findings 161 4.3.0 Conclusion 163 4.4.0 Suggestions for improvement in functioning of KGBV 164 4.4.1 Suggestions to the State Office 164 4.4.2 Suggestions for OIC Gender, District/CRCC/BRCC/BRP /CRP 165 4.3.3 Suggestions for the teaching staff of the KGBV 166 iv Appendices Appendix A: List of KGBVs of Gujarat State Appendix B: Schedule followed for data collection from KGBVs Appendix C: Tool (in English) Appendix D: List of Codes for KGBVs v LIST OF TABLES Page Table No. Title No. Chapter 2: Methodology 2.3.1 Classification of KGBVs of Gujarat State 12 2.4.1 Tools for Data Collection 13 2.4.2 Tools used in analysis and interpretation for each objective 14 Chapter 3:Analysis And Interpretation Of Data 3.1.1 Classification of KGBVs against the building status 16 Classification of KGBVs with respect to various aspects against year of 3.1.2 17 establishment 3.1.3 Status of Physical access of KGBVs 18 3.1.4 Status of Transport Facilities At KGBVs 19 3.1.5 Rating for various parts of KGBV 20 3.1.6 Status of Various Physical Aspects of the KGBV 21 3.1.7 Availability of various necessities at KGBV managed by MS and SSA 23 Availability of Grocery items at KGBVs (Both managed by MS and SSA 3.1.8 25 and all KGBVs together) 3.1.9 Rating for quality of available Grocery items at KGBV 26 3.1.10(a) Status of Availability of things provided for each girl (ALL KGBVs) 26 3.1.10(b) Status of Availability of things provided for each girl (Managed by MS) 28 3.1.10(c) Status of Availability of things provided for each girl (Managed by SSA) 30 3.1.11 Status of Availability of things provided per KGBV (ALL KGBVs) 32 3.1.12 Status of Availability of registers at KGBV (ALL KGBVs) 34 3.2.1(a) Classification of Educational qualification of teachers at KGBV 36 3.2.1(b) Classification of Teachers Discipline-wise 37 3.2.2 EXPERIENCE of Teachers at KGBV 38 3.2.3 Position at which Teachers are serving at KGBV 39 3.2.4 Training Records of Teachers at KGBV 40 3.2.5 Students enrolment in Current Academic year (2011-12) [All KGBVs] 41 3.2.6 Parental Occupation of the Girls at KGBV 42 3.2.7 Other talents of the Girls at KGBV 42 3.2.8 Average Age of Girls at KGBV 43 3.3.1 Students attendance record as on day of visit [ALL KGBVs] 44 3.3.2 Status of Earlier schooling of the KGBV girls 45 3.3.3 Year of enrolment of the girls at KGBV 45 3.3.4 Number of Teachers and Students at KGBV on Day of Visit 46 3.3.5 PTR for each KGBV 47 3.3.6 PTR for different classification of KGBVs 51 3.3.7 PTR for Districts of Gujarat State in which KGBVs are present 52 vi 3.4.1 Response of the teachers regarding various aspects of KGBV 54 3.4.2 Number of Non-Teaching staff at KGBV 57 3.4.3 Educational Qualification and skills of Non Teaching staff at KGBV 58 3.4.4 Qualities of Teachers identified 60 3.5.1 Status of Academic Planning 62 3.5.2 Record of Classes observed in KGBVs 63