PastSearch Newsletter Issue 78: June 2019
Welcome to PastSearch Newsletter
You can find a downloadable version at www.pastsearch-archaeo-history.co.uk
Contents
May Round May Round Up Up...... 1 Festival of Ideas...... 1 Festival of Archaeology...1 Monitoring at sites in Driffield and Pocklington have been carried out this Snippets from Navigable month, no archaeology was found at either site, however, there was evidence Rivers, Canals, and of how the land has been built up over time. Railways of Great Britain...... 2 Artefact Corner...... 4 Book Review...... 4 The first boat race between Oxford University and Festival of Ideas 2019 Cambridge University……...... 5 This Month in History...... 7 This year’s Festival of Ideas is running at various venues in York 4-16 June under the banner of British Monarchs ...... 8 World of Wonder HOSM Local History “ ”. Society...... 8 To find the programme of events go to Picture This...... 9 http://yorkfestivalofideas.com/2019/ Just For Fun...... 9 Dates for Your Diary...... 10 Just for Fun Answers...... 10 What’s Been in the News...... 11 Adverts...... 12
Festival of Archaeology 2019
The festival this year is running from 13 – 28 July, I have booked the Social Club in Holme-on-Spalding Moor to give a talk on the sites dug in 2018 by PastSearch, on 20 July at 10.30am, £2 with tea and biscuits.
I look forward to seeing you all again.
1 Historical Account of Navigable River, Canals and Railways of Great Britain
ASHBY-DE-LA-ZOUCH CANAL 34 George III. Cap. 93, Royal Assent 9th May, 1794.
“This canal commences from the Coventry Canal, at Marston Bridge, three miles south of the town of Nuneaton, all in the county of Warwick, and after proceeding in a north-easterly direction, for about five miles, it crosses Watling Street, at the Plough Inn, where it enters the county of Leicester. A mile further, there is a cut of two hundred yards in length, to Hinckley Wharf, one mile from the town of Hinkley. Hence the canal proceeds in a northerly direction by Shanton Hall: crossing Bosworth Field, and leaving the town of Market Bosworth a mile to the east of it, it continues its course to Shackerston, where it crosses the River Sence, passing, on the north of Gopsall Hall, to Snareston Tunnel; a mile beyond which it enters a detached portion of the county of Derby: passing through the village of Measham, it makes a considerable detour, and again enters Leicestershire, near Donisthorpe, and terminates at Oakthorpe Fire Engine, on Ashbu Wolds, one mile north-west of the Moira Baths, in the parish of Ahsby-de-la-Zouch.
This canal is twenty-six miles and a half in length, and a level throughout. It was, together with several railways branching from it, constructed under the authority of an act of parliament, entitled, ‘An Act for making and maintain a navigable Canal, from the Coventry Canal, at or near Marston Bridge, in the parish of Bedworth, in the county of Warwick, to a certain Close in the parish of Ashby-de-la-Zouch, in the county of Leicester; and for continuing the same from thence, in one Line, to the Lime Works, at Ticknall, in the county of Derby; and in another Line, to the Lime Works, at Cloudhill, in said county of Leicester, with certain Cuts and Branches from said Canal.’
The proprietors of this canal are incorporated under the name of “The Company of Proprietors of Ashby-de- la-Zouch Canal,” with power to raise £150,00, in fifteen hundred shares of £100 each, and a further sum of £50,00, if proper execution of the canal and other works should require it. TONNAGE RATES d. For Coal, Lime and Slate...... 1¼ per Ton. Per Mile Iron-stone, Building-stone, Grinding-stone, Lime-stone, Bricks and Tiles, and for all ¾ ditto. ditto. Cattle, Sheep, Swine and other Beasts...... For Cotton, Wool, Hops, Corn, Timber, Bark, Wrought Iron, Cheese, &c...... 2 ditto. ditto.
Fractions to be paid as for Half a Mile and as for Half a Ton. Dung, Ashes, Marl, Clay for Manure, Gravel, Sand, &c. for the purpose of making or repairing any public or private Road, are exempt from Toll. Boats, only half the Width of the Locks, are to pay for Twenty Tons, unless Two shall pass together; then, not less than Ten Tons each. By a Clause in the Act, the Coventry Canal Company are entitled to Five-pence per Ton for all Coals, Goods and Merchandize, carried out of, or into, this Canal; from the Coventry, oxford, or Grand Junction Canals. Corn, or other Grain; Sheep, or other Cattle; Iron-stone or Wrought Iron, got or made upon the Banks of the Canal; Dung, Ashes, Marl for Manure, Gravel, Sand, and Stone for Roads, are exempt from the charge of Five-pence per Ton to the Coventry Canal Company. It appears, that by arrangement with the Leicester Navigation Proprietors, and as an Indemnification for the great Expense they have been ay in constructing Railways, &c. to the Coal Works on Thringstone Common, and to those in the parishes of Swannington and Coleorton, that they shall receive Two Shillings and Sixpence per Ton for all Coal, which shall pass a certain place in the lordship of Blackfordby, about Three Miles west of Asby-de-la-Zouch, to be carried on the Ashby-de-la-Zouch Canal.
2 The estimate for the whole of the proposed works, made by Messrs. Jessop and Whitworh, February 24th, 1794, amounted to £138,238; but the estimate from Ashby Wolds, to the Coventry Canal, was only £27,316 11s. 4½d. The Line was set out by Mr. Robert Whitworth, and the whole length was opened in May, 1805. It is worthy to remark, that the level, from Ashby Wolds, continues uninterrupted along the whole length of this canal, the Coventry, and part of the Oxford Canal, to Hill Morton, a distance of full seventy miles. The company are under a penalty of £50,000 if they abstract any water from the Gopsall Park Estate, or in any way deteriorate the same.
The principle object of this navigation is the export of the produce of the extensive coal and lime works in the neighbourhood of Ashby-de-la-Zouch.
When authority was first obtained, for the making of this canal, it was the intention of the company to have continued the canal to the places mentioned in the title of the act, which would have made the total length of the canal about fifty miles, with 252 feet of lockage. They, however, adopted railways for all the branches where lockage was necessary.
RAILWAYS CONNECTED WITH THIS CANAL. The railway to Ticknall Lime Works, commences at the Ashby-de-la-Zouch Canal, three quarters of a mile south-west of the village of Willesley, in the county of Derby, and at the distance of two miles and a half, passes through the town of Ashby-de-la-Zouch. One mile and half further, the railway passes under a tunnel, at the end of which the Cloudhill Branch commences; and one mile and three quarters further it enters Derbyshire: whence it is rather more than two miles and a half to Ticknall Lime Works, making the whole distance from the canal eight miles and a half.
The Cloudhill Branch Railway, commencing from the tunnel on the Ticknall Railway, runs in a westerly direction for one mile and a quarter, where a railway, more than half a mile in length, branches northwards to a colliery. A quarter of a mile further, there is a second branch, running southwards, about three hundred yards, to a colliery near Park Wood. From hence it takes a northerly course, passing to the west of the village of Worthington, to the Cloudhill Lime Works, a distance of two miles and three quarters, where it terminates. The total distance of this branch is four miles and a quarter.
There is also a railway, of a half mile in length, from a colliery near Moira, to the canal, opposite Moira Baths.”
Ticknall Lime Works: The Thringstone Fault crosses the parish of Ticknall from east to west, separating the Coal Measures clays to the south from the upthrust Carboniferous Limestone to the north. Other outliers of limestone occur at Calke, Dimminsdale, Breedon and Cloud Hill, but otherwise limestone is fairly rare in the area. Limestone quarrying on this site was first recorded documented properly on the 14th October 1462, although there is evidence to suggest the earliest operations took place from 1411.
By 1882 the works were divided into different yards.
Ticknall Tramway: The tramway was 12.8 miles long and horse drawn, operating between 1802 and 1913, the Act of Parliament permitting the construction dated from 25 May 1794. In December 1799 the company concluded that it could not finance a double-track line, and built just a single- track line from Old Parks Tunnel to Ticknall but a double-track from Willesley to Old Parks.
References used: https://www.aditnow.co.uk/Mines/Ticknall-Lime-Yards-Limestone-Quarry_14759/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ticknall_Tramway https://www.ticknalllife.co.uk/ticknall-limeyards/
3 Artefact Corner
Titbits Sauce Bottle: Found on a site in Barlow. Three joining shards formed the lower part of the body and base, with contents details written in five lines lengthways along body: TIT-BITS SAU[CE CO LD] SHIPLEY REGISTERED TRADE MARK NO 42[813].
An advertising poster held at the National Archives displays the Registered Trade Mark No. 42813 and has been dated to 1899.
Joshua Percy Fletcher initially produced sauce at the Airedale Works in Shipley, and had a glass bottle manufacturing plant in Leeds. Became a limited company in 1907.
In 1915 the sauce and bottling works were transferred to a model garden factory at Barlby, Selby. In 1947 Fletcher’s was acquired by H.P. Sauce of Birmingham.
Fletcher died in 1960 and in 1982 HP sold the Selby site to Hazelwood Foods.
Tit Bit Sauce, now being produced at the HP Birmingham factory, was discontinued in 1990.
Book Review
The Gods of Roman Britain – M. J. Green This book is part of the Shire Archaeology Book range, first published in 1983 and gives examples of various deities known to have been recognized in Roman Britain, referring to some of the artifacts which had been discovered at that time. These include altars, statues and inscriptions.
4 First Boat Race Between Oxford University & Cambridge University
The first boat race between Oxford University and Cambridge University took place on 10 June 1829 at Henley.
Coxed eight rowing had been popular at Oxford University and in 1827 a club was established at Cambridge University, two years later, in February 1829 the Cambridge University club decided to challenge the Oxford University club “to row a match at or near London, each in an eight-oared boat during the ensuing Easter vacation.” However, the race was postponed until summer as Oxford did not start their rowing season until after Easter. A prize of 500 guineas was set.
The course was 2.25miles (3.62km) on a stretch of the River Thames between Hambleton Lock and Henley Bridge.
Cambridge won the toss. The race had originally been scheduled for 6pm, but was postponed until 7pm, although actually started later, after further delays. It was estimated that there were 20,000 spectators.
The race had to be restarted, as Cambridge complained that Oxford had steered close to the Cambridge boat, forcing it close to the bank. The restart began at 7.55pm. Oxford were the winners, having completed the course in 14mins 30secs.
The Oxford crew wore dark blue check, and their boat was green measuring 44ft (13m). The Cambridge crew wore white with pink waistbands, and their boat was pink, measuring 45 ft 2in (14.46m). The umpires were Mr. Cyril Page (Oxford) and Mr. John Stuart Roupell (Cambridge).
The Oxford Crew: Seat Name College Weight Bow J. Carter St. Johns 2 E. J. Artbuthnot Balliol 3 J. E. Bates Christ Church 4 Charles Wordsworth Christ Church 11st 10lb 5 J. J. Toogood Balliol 14st 10lb 6 Thomas F Garnier Worcester 7 G. B Moore Christ Church 12st 4lb Stroke Thomas Stainsforth (Captain) Christ Church 12st Cox W. R. Fremantle Christ Church 8st 2lb
Charles Wordsworth (22 Aug 1806 – 5 Dec 1892) became Bishop of St. Andrews, Dunkeld and Dunblane in Scotland. Whilst at Oxford University he was also a cricketer and instigated both the boat race and the University cricket match in 1826.
5 Thomas Garnier the Younger (1809-1863) became the Dean of Lincoln.
Thomas Staniforth (1807-1887) became a rector at Bolton-by-Bowland, Lancashire and when he retired resided at Storrs Hall, Windermere.
The Cambridge Crew: Seat Name College Weight Bow A.B. E Holdsworth 1st Trinity 10st 7lb 2 A.F Bayford Trinity Hall 10st 8lb 3 C. Warren 2nd Trinity 10st 10lb 4 Charles Merivale Lady Margaret Boat Club 11st 5 Thomas Entwistle Trinity Hall 11st 4lb 6 W. T Thompson Jesus 11st 10lb 7 G. A. Selwyn St. John’s 11st 13lb Stroke W. Snow (Captain) Lady Margaret Boat Club 11st 4lb Cox B. R. Heath Trinity 9st 4.75lb
Charles Merivale (8 Mar 1808 – 27 Dec 1893) became Dean of Ely Cathedral. Whilst at Cambridge University, he , with Charles Wordsworth(Oxford), instigated the boat race.
George Augustus Selwyn (5 Apr1809 – 11 Apr 1878) became the first Anglican Bishop of New Zealand (1841-1858). When he returned to Britain he became Bishop of Lichfield (1868-1878).
After his death Selwyn College, Cambridge was founded in honour of him.
References Used: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Boat_Race_1829 http://thames.me.uk/s00231a.htm#top
6 This Month in History (June)
Below, is at least one event for each day of this month from around the world.
Links for more information about each of these events can be found by visiting the relevant page on the PastSearch website.
You can also find out about other events which have happened in history for each day of the year.
Start your search by using this link: http://pastsearch-archaeo-history.co.uk/on-this-day/
Date Year Country Event 1 1779 USA Benedict Arnold court-martialed (American Revolutionary War). 2 1615 Canada First Récollect missionaries arrived at Quebec City. 3 2012 UK Thames Diamond Jubilee Pageant. 4 1920 Albania Vlora War began. 5 1944 France British bombers hit German gun batteries on Normandy coast, preparation for D-Day (WWII). 6 1549 England Prayer Book Rebellion began. 7 1098 Turkey Second Siege of Antioch began (First Crusade). 8 1783 Iceland Laki began to erupt. 9 53 Roman Empire Nero married Claudia Octavia. 10 2017 Kazakhstan Expo 2017 Astana began. 11 1748 Denmark Adopted Nordic Cross Flag. 12 1889 Ireland Armagh Rail disaster, 78 killed. 13 1917 UK German bombing raid on London, 162 killed. 14 1954 YORK St Mary’s Lodge given Grade I listed status. 15 1300 Spain Bilbao founded. 16 1795 Brittany Cornwallis’ Retreat began (French Revolutionary Wars). 17 1462 Wallachia The Night Attack (Wallachian-Ottoman Wars). 18 1040 England Coronation of King Harthacanute at Canterbury Cathedral. 19 1802 YORK Foundations for New City Gaol dug, near Baile Hill. 20 1943 USA Detroit Race Riots began. 21 1734 New France Marie-Joseph Angélique executed for Montreal fire. (Canada) 22 1783 France Poisonous cloud caused by Laki Volcano eruption in Iceland reached Le Havre. 23 1180 Japan First Battle of Uji (Genpei War). 24 1312BC Asia Minor Solar eclipse observed. 25 1975 Mozambique Independence from Portugal. 26 1483 England Richard III became king. 27 1954 USSR Worlds first nuclear power station opened at Obninsk, near Moscow. 28 1859 UK First Conformation (Breed) Dog Show held at Newcastle upon Tyne. 29 1613 England Globe Theatre, London, destroyed by fire. 30 1864 USA President Lincoln granted Yosemite Valley to California for “public use, resort & recreation”.
7 British Monarchs – Edward II
Name: King Edward II Born: April 25, 1284 at Caernarvon, Wales Parents: Edward I and Eleanor of Castile House of: Plantagenet Ascended to the throne: July 8, 1307 aged 23 years Crowned: February 25, 1308 at Westminster Abbey Married: Isabella, Daughter of Philip IV of France Children: Two sons and two daughters Died: September 21, 1327 at Berkeley Castle (murdered), aged 43 years, 4 months, and 25 days Buried at: Gloucester Reigned for: 20 years, 2 months, and 14 days Succeeded by: his son Edward III
Prior to becoming king, Edward was created the first Prince of Wales in 1301. Considered as incompetent and frivolous, the barons attempted to restrict his power through the Ordinances of 1311.
His invasion of Scotland in 1314 to suppress revolt resulted in defeat at Bannockburn .
Widespread famine (1315-17) was seen across Europe. And The Despenser War, another baronial revolt was in 1321-22)
Edward was deposed in January 1327 by his wife Isabella and her lover Roger de Mortimer, in favour of his son Edward. In September he was murdered in Berkeley Castle
References used: https://www.britroyals.com/kings.asp?id=edward2 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_II_of_England
HOSM Local History Society
Meetings are held on the 3rd Monday of each month at the Social Club, next door to the Village Hall, High Street.
Start time 7.00pm
Price £2.00 2019
17 June – East Riding Literary Heritage – Paul Schofiled
15 July – Visit to Seaton Ross Church
8 Just For Fun Picture This
This is Colin the digging hamster, he is hiding on one of the pages in this newsletter, can you find him?
Selby Toll Bridge (1987) June Word Search This bridge is on the site of an earlier bridge which was built in 1791.
The modern bridge was built 1969-70, cars having to stop to pay tolls meant there were often long queues, particularly in summer.
In 1991 a price was agreed to buy out the tolls, and now we can cross over, only having to stop at the traffic lights.
Where is this?
Answer in Issue 79
Answers on page 10
9 Dates for Your Diary
4-16 June Festival of Ideas - York 13-28 July Festival of Archaeology 17 June HOSM Local History Society – East 13 July Southburn Archaeology Museum Riding Literary Heritage – Paul Open Day. 10am-4pm Schofield. 7pm 15 July HOSM Local History Society – Visit to Seaton Ross Church 20 July PastSearch Talk – 2018 Sites in East Riding, HOSM Social Club, 10.30am
If you have an event you would like to include in Dates for Your Diary, please send details to Karen at [email protected]
Just For Fun Answers
Find Colin on page 12
10 What’s Been in the News
These articles were shared on Facebook during the last month. To see similar articles as they come into the news follow PastSearch on Facebook.
Missing piece of Stonehenge found 60 years Bronze Age Caernarfon bypass find 'could be after excavator stashed it away in his office canoe'
Welsh Government “A missing piece of Stonehenge has been found “Work on a bypass in Gwynedd has revealed the after 60 years, as experts say it could unlock site of a Bronze Age mound which could mysteries of the ancient monument. A long, thin contain an ancient canoe. fragment of the enormous sarsen stones was handed to English Heritage by Robert Archaeological excavation on the site of the Phillips, who had kept it in his office for Caernarfon-Bontnewydd bypass uncovered decades following excavations in 1958.” three troughs underneath a burnt mound dating back about 3,500 years.” Read more at: Read more at: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2019/05/07/ https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales- missing-piece-stonehenge-found-60-years- 48188187 archaeologist-stashed/
Ancient Romans Used Molten Iron to Repair Archaeologists find remains of the Roman Streets Before Vesuvius Erupted invasion of Ayrshire
“ARCHAEOLOGISTS have uncovered fresh evidence of a Roman invasion of Scotland under “Many of Pompeii's streets were paved with an Ayrshire playing field. stone, but during a survey in July 2014, archaeologists found that over time, the passage A marching camp used by the Legions as they of carts eroded those stones to form deep holes, made their way along the coast was found by a or ruts. Repaving streets was an expensive and team carrying out work prior to the building of time-consuming process, historical records and the new Ayr Academy.” archaeological remains show.” Read more at: Read more at: https://www.heraldscotland.com/news/1766392 0.archaeologists-find-remains-of-the-roman- https://www.livescience.com/65479-ancient- invasion-of-ayrshire/ romans-used-molten-iron-street-repair.html
11 Visit the PastSearch Website
Have you visited the PastSearch Website? Here you will find information on the archaeological services, talks and workshops available from PastSearch.
There are also reports, newsletters and other pdf files to download for free.
Go to http://pastsearch-archaeo-history.co.uk/ Or access on mobile phone by scanning
Follow PastSearch on Facebook and Twitter
https://www.facebook.com/PastSearch- 109488651355/
https://twitter.com/PastSearch
12 Archaeological Services
http://pastsearch-archaeo-history.co.uk/archaeological-services/
PastSearch offers archaeological services including Heritage Statements, Written Scheme of Investigations, Watching Briefs and Evaluations, working in the North Yorkshire and East Riding.
With 30 years of local knowledge, PastSearch aims to provide a reliable and flexible service regarding small and medium sized projects, including private and commercial developments. We also aim to keep costs to the client at a reasonable rate whilst maintaining professional standards.
CAD Illustration service also available.
For more information please email: [email protected] or ring Karen on 07811 877 469.
13 Presentations, Workshops and Walking Tours
http://pastsearch-archaeo-history.co.uk/illustrated-talks/
There are currently 39 illustrated talks available which can be booked by groups and societies, and the list keeps growing!!
Workshops are also available and can be adapted to suit your group’s needs.
Alternatively if your group would like to explore areas of York on foot, tours can also be individually created.
For more information please email: [email protected] or ring Karen on 07811 877 469.
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