Russian Journal of Herpetology Vol. 22, No. 2, 2015, pp. 136 – 138

FIRST CONFIRMED RECORD OF THE STREAM-DWELLING Amphiesma leucomystax (: NATRICIDAE) IN THAILAND

Olivier S. G. Pauwels,1 Patrick David,2 and Tanya Chan-ard3

Submitted January 7, 2015.

In the course of our zoogeographical and taxonomi- subrectangular in broad contact with the nasal, loreal cal studies on the Natricidae of Thailand (Pauwels et al., height 1.0/1.0, loreal length 1.5/1.4 mm; 1/1 preocular; 2009a, 2009b), we re-examined material housed in the 1/1 supraocular; no subocular; 3/3 postoculars, upper Thailand Natural History Museum (THNHM) in Pathum largest; 1/1 anterior temporal; 10/10 infralabials whose Thani. The paper label of a specimen’s jar indicated “Sci. 5/5 first contact the anterior sublingual; first pair of Name: chrysargos; Locality: Nok [sic] Prok, infralabials in contact behind the mental. Dorsal and Roi Et; Date: 26 May 1990; collector Jarujin supracaudal scales slightly keeled, except first row which Napetapata,” the specimen itself bearing two labels: is smooth; 19 dorsal scale rows at one head length behind “THNHM 22201” and “JN 7929” (JN refers to the late head, 19 dorsal scale rows at midbody (i.e., above the Thai herpetologist Jarujin Nabhitabhata’s field numbers; ventral scale corresponding to half of the total number of Napetapata and Nabhitabhata are two transliterations of ventral scales), 17 dorsal scale rows at one head length the same patronym). Showing subequal small teeth fol- before vent. Dorsal scale row reduction from 19 to 17 lowed by two slightly enlarged posterior teeth, round pu- rows by fusion of rows 3 and 4 at the level of ventral pils, lateral nostrils, and keeled dorsal scale rows, this scales 106 (left) and 111 (right). Ventrals smooth; one specimen however clearly belongs to the genus preventral scale + 168 ventral scales, plus a half ventral Amphiesma Duméril, Bibron and Duméril, 1854 (David scale on the left side between the last ventral scale and et al., 2007). It can be described as follows (paired the cloacal scale. Cloacal scale divided; 4 divided + 8 sin- meristic characters and measurements are given gle + 95 divided subcaudal scales; i.e., a total of / left right; head measurements taken to the nearest 107 subcaudal scales. Coloration in preservative (Figs. 1 0.1 mm with a digital caliper; body measurements made and 2): dorsal surface of head dark brown with scattered to the nearest mm): beige dots and vermiculations; a broad, continuous, Male, hemipenis everted. Snout-vent length 323 mm. white stripe from snout tip to corner of the mouth, contin- Tail complete, tail length 144 mm. Head length 15.9 mm; uing to neck, forming a V-like chevron on nape; horizontal eye diameter 2.4/2.4 mm; vertical eye diame- infralabials spotted with brown near the edge of the lip; ter 2.4/2.4 mm. Two prefrontals, subrectangular, broader dorsum brown, slightly darker above than on sides; than long; two internasals, anteriorly narrowed; frontal dorsolateral stripe absent; dorsolateral series of beige hexagonal with apex directed posteriorly, frontal length spots on dorsal rows 6 – 7, spots transversally elongated 4.2 mm, frontal width 2.9 mm; 8/9 supralabials, or divided; venter cream, tip of each ventral brown. 4th –5th/4th –6th contacting the orbit; 1st and 2nd/1st and Its broad white labial stripes, V-like chevron on nape, 2nd supralabials in contact with nasal scale; 2nd and dorsolateral spots, dark ventral scales tips, 19 – 19 – 17 3rd/2nd and 3rd supralabials in contact with loreal; loreal dorsal scale rows with enlarged first row, anteriorly nar- 1 Institut Royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Rue Vautier 29, rowed internasals, 1/1 anterior temporal, 1/1 preocular, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium; e-mail: [email protected] 3/3 postoculars and moderately sized eyes are diagnostic 2 & Amphibiens, UMR 7205 OSEB, Département Evolution of Amphiesma leucomystax David, Bain, Nguyen, Orlov, et Systématique, CP 30, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, 57 Vogel, Vu and Ziegler, 2007. Its 168 ventral scales slight- rue Cuvier, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France; ly extend the variation known for this character in the e-mail: [email protected] 3 Natural History Museum, National Science Museum, Technopolis, species (154 – 166) (David et al., 2007). Probably in rela- Khlong 5, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; tion with this slightly higher number of ventral scales, the e-mail: [email protected] scale row reduction occurs slightly more posteriorly than

1026-2296/2015/2202-0136 © 2015 Folium Publishing Company First Confirmed Record of the Stream-Dwelling Snake Amphiesma leucomystax in Thailand 137

Fig. 1. General dorsolateral view of Amphiesma leucomystax THNHM 22201 from Nak Prok, Roi Et Province, northeastern Thailand (photograph by O. S. G. Pauwels). observed in the specimens known so far (106 vs. 92 – 99 on left side, 111 vs. 96 – 102 on right side) (David et al., 2007). The Thai specimen shows 8/9 supralabials, while all known specimens so far showed 9, exceptionally 10, supralabials. Nak Prok is located in Muang Phrai Subdistrict, Selaphum District (16°1¢59¢¢ N 103°57¢0¢¢ E), in the east- ern part of Roi Et Province, bordering Yasothon Prov- ince, in northeastern Thailand. The record of Rhabdophis chrysargos from “Roi Et: Nak Prok” by Nabhitabhata et al. (2004: 126) and Nabhitabhata and Chan-ard (2005: 147) is based on the specimen re-examined here, and the presence of that species in Roi Et Province consequently requires confirmation. Amphiesma leucomystax was originally described Fig. 2. Lateral view of head and forebody of Amphiesma leucomystax on the basis of 24 specimens from eight provinces in THNHM 22201 from Nak Prok, Roi Et Province, northeastern Thai- Vietnam, plus one non-type specimen from “Thailand” land (photograph by O. S. G. Pauwels). without more precise locality data. David et al. (2007) stressed that the geographic origin of the latter specimen was questionable. The species was later recorded from vation Area in Laos’ Xe Kong Province. This new range Laos (Stuart and Heatwole, 2008) and northeastern Cam- extension reinforces the “Least Concern” status of the bodia, but Thailand was not regarded as part of the spe- species in the IUCN Red List. As far as we know, the spe- cies’ distribution, including in its IUCN Red List account cies does not face any specific threat in Thailand, is not (Stuart et al., 2010, 2012). The present new record is thus collected for food or medicinal purposes, and has never the first confirmation of the species’ presence in Thai- been found in the pet trade. land. The Thai locality is situated about 230 km (by air) Guo et al. (2014) tentatively placed A. leucomystax in south – southwest of the species’ record from Phou Hin the genus Hebius Thomson, 1913. However, pending Poun National Biodiversity Conservation Area in Laos’ a molecular and additional morphological comparisons, Khammouane Province, and about 320 km (by air) west we provisionally maintain it in the genus Amphiesma. of the record from Xe Sap National Biodiversity Conser- With the addition of Amphiesma bitaeniatum (Wall, 138 Olivier S. G. Pauwels et al.

1925) by David and Pauwels (2000) and A. khasiense Guo P., Zhu F., Liu Q., Zhang L., Li J. X., Huang Y. Y., and (Boulenger, 1890) by Chanhome et al. (2001), the present Pyron R. A. (2014), “A taxonomic revision of the Asian record brings to eight the number of Amphiesma sensu keelback , genus Amphiesma (Serpentes: : lato in Thailand: A. bitaeniatum, A. boulengeri (Gressitt, Natricinae), with description of a new species,” Zootaxa, 1937), A. deschauenseei (Taylor, 1934), A. groundwateri 3873(4), 425 – 440. (Smith, 1921), A. inas (Laidlaw, 1901), A. khasiense, Nabhitabhata J. and Chan-ard T. (2005), Thailand Red A. leucomystax, and A. stolatum (Linnaeus, 1758). Data: Mammals, Reptiles and Amphibians, Office of Natu- ral Resources and Environmental Policy and Planning, Acknowledgments. We are grateful to Michael Cota Bangkok. (Pathum Thani) for providing working facilities. Nabhitabhata J., Chan-ard T., and Chuaynkern Y. (“2000” 2004), Checklist of Amphibians and Reptiles in Thailand, Office of Environmental Policy and Planning, Bangkok. REFERENCES Pauwels O. S. G., Kunya K., David P., and Sumontha M. (2009a), “First record of the Yunnan Keelback Sinonatrix Chanhome L., Pauwels O. S. G., Jintakune P., and David P. yunnanensis Rao & Yang, 1998 (Serpentes: Natricidae) (2001), “Catalogue of the herpetological collection of the from Thailand,” Salamandra, 45(3), 165 – 169. Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute, Thai Red Cross Soci- Pauwels O. S. G., Kunya K., David P., Waengsothorn S., ety, Bangkok. Part I. Snakes (except Elapidae and Viperi- and Sumontha M. (2009b), “On the occurrence of Amphi- dae),” Bull. Maryland Herpetol. Soc., 37(2), 49 – 72. esma khasiense (Serpentes: Natricidae) in Thailand,” Ha- David P., Bain R. H., Nguyen Q. T., Orlov N. L., Vogel G., madryad, 34(1), 75 – 79. Vu N. T., and Ziegler T. (2007), “A new species of the Stuart B. L. and Heatwole H. (2008), “Country records of natricine snake genus Amphiesma from the Indochinese snakes from Laos,” Hamadryad, 33(1), 97 – 106. Region (Squamata: Colubridae: Natricinae),” Zootaxa, 1462,41–60. Stuart B. L., Rowley J. J. L., Thy N., Emmet D. A., and David P. and Pauwels O. S. G. (2000), “Book review. Sitha S. (2010), “Significant new records of amphibians T. Chan-ard, W. Grossmann, A. Gumprecht and K.-D. and reptiles from Virachey National Park, northeastern Schulz. Amphibians and reptiles of Peninsular Malaysia Cambodia,” Cambodian J. Nat. Hist., 1,38–47. and Thailand. An illustrated checklist. — Amphibien und Stuart B. L., Thy N., and Nguyen T. Q. (2012), “Amphiesma Reptilien der Halbinsel Malaysia und Thailands. Eine leucomystax,” in: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Spe- illustrierte Checkliste,” Russ. J. Herpetol., 7(1), 87 – 90. cies, Version 2014.2, URL: http//www.iucnredlist.org