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Tex in the 21St Century © TUG, used with permission TEX@2011 Martin Schröder T X@2011 Motivation E A retrospective st TEX in the 21 Century – where are we and what is up Problems The foundations LATEX Martin Schröder ConTEXt Graphics Bibliographies FrOSCon 2011 Indexes 20th/21st August 2011, Sankt Augustin, Germany Fonts Distribution Literature Community Summary Papers and Presentations By oneiros What is this? or go to: flattr.com/t/59123 DE r1686, 2011-09-05T21:26:48Z, Martin Schröder, [email protected], CC BY-NC-SA Motivation TEX@2011 Martin Schröder Three types of booth visitors Motivation 1. Does not know TEX A retrospective Problems 2. Has used TEX some years or decades ago to typeset a larger document and is astonished that it still exists – The foundations LAT X and wants to know what is new E ConTEXt This talk is for you Graphics 3. Currently typesets a larger document with TEX and Bibliographies needs help Indexes Fonts Distribution Literature Community Summary DE r1686, 2011-09-05T21:26:48Z, Martin Schröder, [email protected], CC BY-NC-SA Motivation TEX@2011 Martin Schröder Three types of booth visitors Motivation 1. Does not know TEX A retrospective Problems 2. Has used TEX some years or decades ago to typeset a larger document and is astonished that it still exists – The foundations LAT X and wants to know what is new E ConTEXt This talk is for you Graphics 3. Currently typesets a larger document with TEX and Bibliographies needs help Indexes Fonts Distribution Literature Community Summary DE r1686, 2011-09-05T21:26:48Z, Martin Schröder, [email protected], CC BY-NC-SA Motivation TEX@2011 Martin Schröder Three types of booth visitors Motivation 1. Does not know TEX A retrospective Problems 2. Has used TEX some years or decades ago to typeset a larger document and is astonished that it still exists – The foundations LAT X and wants to know what is new E ConTEXt This talk is for you Graphics 3. Currently typesets a larger document with TEX and Bibliographies needs help Indexes Fonts Distribution Literature Community Summary DE r1686, 2011-09-05T21:26:48Z, Martin Schröder, [email protected], CC BY-NC-SA Motivation TEX@2011 Martin Schröder Three types of booth visitors Motivation 1. Does not know TEX A retrospective Problems 2. Has used TEX some years or decades ago to typeset a larger document and is astonished that it still exists – The foundations LAT X and wants to know what is new E ConTEXt This talk is for you Graphics 3. Currently typesets a larger document with TEX and Bibliographies needs help Indexes Fonts Distribution Literature Community Summary DE r1686, 2011-09-05T21:26:48Z, Martin Schröder, [email protected], CC BY-NC-SA Where we have been TEX@2011 Martin Schröder 1978 TEX78 Motivation 1982 TEX82 A retrospective 1982 METAFONT Problems 1986 Computers & Typesetting (TEXbook etc.) The foundations A 1986 LATEX LTEX ConT Xt 1990 TEX90 E 1994 METAPOST Graphics Bibliographies 1994 LAT X 2 E Indexes 1994–2006 teT X 휀 E Fonts 1996 TEXlive Distribution 1996 ConTEXt Literature 1997 pdfTEX Community 2004 X TE EX Summary 2007 LuaTEX 2007 ConTEXt MKiV DE r1686, 2011-09-05T21:26:48Z, Martin Schröder, [email protected], CC BY-NC-SA Problems we are working on: Unicode input TEX@2011 Martin Schröder TEX82 is 7-Bit, TEX90 can do 8 Bit. Then there was Omega, Motivation but the real breakthrough came with X TE EX und LuaTEX. A retrospective Now the work focuses on Unicode Math – it works with Problems X TE EX and LuaTEX, but we need more free fonts. The foundations LATEX ConTEXt Graphics Bibliographies Indexes Fonts Distribution Literature Community Summary DE r1686, 2011-09-05T21:26:48Z, Martin Schröder, [email protected], CC BY-NC-SA Problems we are working on: Fonts TEX@2011 Martin Schröder TEX does not handle fonts itself but reads only metric Motivation information (tfm files) and leaves the usage of font files to A retrospective the output drivers. Originally these worked only with Problems METAFONT fonts but nearly nobody outside of the TEX The foundations world created them. LATEX The rest of the world instead developed PostScript (1984), ConTEXt TrueType (1991) and lately OpenType (1996). These fonts Graphics Bibliographies can be used with troubles (by experts) with TEX and pdfTEX, but then the special features of OpenType are ignored. Indexes Today we have X T X and LuaT X which make the usage of Fonts E E E Distribution OpenType fonts very simple. Literature Community Summary DE r1686, 2011-09-05T21:26:48Z, Martin Schröder, [email protected], CC BY-NC-SA Problems we are working on: PDF TEX@2011 Martin Schröder TEX as designed by Knuth writes a device independent output Motivation format (DVI). Today the standard is PDF (1993). For that we A retrospective made output drivers and finally pdfTEX (1997), which can Problems write PDF directly. The foundations pdfTEX is now the default engine of the TEX world. LATEX X TE EX and LuaTEX can also write PDF. ConTEXt The problem now is tagged PDF – that works with LuaTEX Graphics Bibliographies and ConTEXt since 2010, but not yet with LATEX. Indexes Fonts Distribution Literature Community Summary DE r1686, 2011-09-05T21:26:48Z, Martin Schröder, [email protected], CC BY-NC-SA Problems we are working on: PDF TEX@2011 Martin Schröder TEX as designed by Knuth writes a device independent output Motivation format (DVI). Today the standard is PDF (1993). For that we A retrospective made output drivers and finally pdfTEX (1997), which can Problems write PDF directly. The foundations pdfTEX is now the default engine of the TEX world. LATEX X TE EX and LuaTEX can also write PDF. ConTEXt The problem now is tagged PDF – that works with LuaTEX Graphics Bibliographies and ConTEXt since 2010, but not yet with LATEX. Indexes Fonts Distribution Literature Community Summary DE r1686, 2011-09-05T21:26:48Z, Martin Schröder, [email protected], CC BY-NC-SA A short overwiew: LAT X workflow TEX@2011 E Martin Schröder (LA)TEX Source binary format file Class file Motivation Fonts (metrics) Packages A retrospective ??TEX Compiler Problems The foundations external programs DVI Index, LATEX file aux files Bibliography, Glossar) ConTEXt Fonts (Type1, Graphics Type3, Bitmap, DVI driver b Bibliographies TTF, OTF) b Indexes PS file The structure of a TEX system with Fonts pdfTEX, X TE EX or LuaTEX as Distribution compiler which can generate an ghostscript output as PDF or in the driver Literature independent DVI format. Community Summary PDF file PDF file PDF file X TE EX LATEX pdfLATEX LuaTEX LuaLATEX X TE EX DE r1686, 2011-09-05T21:26:48Z, Martin Schröder, [email protected], CC BY-NC-SA The engines TEX@2011 Martin Schröder TEX the original by Donald Knuth Motivation -TEX small evolutionary extensions A retrospective 휀 Problems pdfTEX can create PDF and offers microtypographical extensions The foundations LATEX X TE EX handles Unicode input and OpenType fonts; ConTEXt uses operating system specific libraries for font Graphics handling Bibliographies LuaTEX can create PDF and offers microtypographical Indexes extensions, handles Unicode input and Fonts OpenType fonts; integrates Lua as a Distribution programming language, but is still compatible Literature Community to T X; integrates METAPOST. E Summary Currently in beta; stable 1.0 planned for 2012. DE r1686, 2011-09-05T21:26:48Z, Martin Schröder, [email protected], CC BY-NC-SA LAT X TEX@2011 E Martin Schröder A Much has changed since LTEX 2.09 (1989): Motivation LAT X 2 : Planned as an intermediate version A retrospective ▶ E (휖) Problems between휀 LATEX 2.09 and LATEX 3; very stable since 1994 KOMA script: An alternative to the standard classes The foundations ▶ LAT X adapted to the typographical conventions of Europe E ConTEXt which offers many extensions Graphics hyperref: Adds support for hyperlinks, forms and other Bibliographies ▶ capabilities of PDF (e. g. metadata) Indexes LAT X3: Develops slowly but now offers a good Fonts ▶ E foundation for developers of classes and packages which Distribution is used by many new packages (e. g. for X LAT X and Literature E E Community LuaLAT X) E Summary DE r1686, 2011-09-05T21:26:48Z, Martin Schröder, [email protected], CC BY-NC-SA X LAT X and LuaLAT X TEX@2011 E E E Martin Schröder A To use the extensions of X TE EX and LuaTEX with LTEX some Motivation packages have been developed which can be used with the A retrospective commands xelatex and lualatex: Problems fontspec: Font handling The foundations ▶ LAT X polyglossia: Multilingual documents; an alternative to E ▶ ConTEXt A babel; currently works only with X LE TEX Graphics luatextra: Loads all packages needed for LuaLAT X Bibliographies ▶ E Indexes Fonts Distribution Literature Community Summary DE r1686, 2011-09-05T21:26:48Z, Martin Schröder, [email protected], CC BY-NC-SA Presentations with LAT X TEX@2011 E Martin Schröder Presentations are one of the most popular uses of TEX. Motivation A LTEX 2 offers only the obsolete slides class. Therefore A retrospective alternatives휀 have been developed of which two are most often Problems used: The foundations beamer: Used for this talk, offers an excellent support of LATEX ▶ PDF ConTEXt Graphics powerdot: Uses PSTricks and therefore needs dvips or ▶ Bibliographies X TE EX Indexes Fonts Distribution Literature Community Summary DE r1686, 2011-09-05T21:26:48Z, Martin Schröder, [email protected], CC BY-NC-SA ConT Xt TEX@2011 E Martin Schröder A ConTEXt is an alternative to LTEX that now (with version Motivation Mk IV) makes extensive use of LuaTEX and PDF to offer A retrospective features that are hard or impossible with LATEX, e.
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