MISSION CAPF HUB BY SWAPNIL WALUNJ & TEAM
CURRENT AFFAIRS
OCTOBER 2020
CURRENT AFFAIRS MAGAZINE FOR CAPF/CDS & PCS Exams
COVERAGE – THE HINDU, INDIAN EXPRESS. PIB GKTODAY MONTHLY MAGAZINE VISION IAS MONTHLY MAGAZINE
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INDEX OF CURRENT AFFAIRS SERIA SECTION/TOPIC PAGE NO. L NO.
1) AWARDS/MEDALS/HONORS/PRIZE 4
2) REPORTS /INDEX/SURVEY/STUDY 6
3) GOVT. SCHEMES/PORTAL /APPS/INITIATIVES 8
4) ECONOMY/BANKING 10
5) DEFENCE NEWS / MILITARY EXERCISE 11
6) ENVIRONMENTS 14
7) INTERNATIONAL NEWS 15
8) SPORTS 18
9) PERSONS IN NEWS 19
10) PLACES IN NEWS – SUMMITS/CONFERENCE 29
11) IMPORTANTS DATES & EVENTS 20
12) STATES IN NEWS 22
13) SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 23
14) FESTIVALS/GI TAGS 24
15) BOOKS 24
16) MISCELLANEOUS 25-26
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MISSION CAPF HUB BY SWAPNIL WALUNJ & TEAM ANALYSIS OF CURRENT AFFAIRS PREVIOUS YEARS QUESTIONS PAPERS (2015-2019)
SERIAL SECTION/TOPIC NO. OF NO. QUESTIONS
1) AWARDS/MEDALS/HONORS/PRIZE 14
2) REPORTS /INDEX/SURVEY/STUDY 04
3) GOVT. SCHEMES/PORTAL /APPS/INITIATIVES 09
4) ECONOMY/BANKING 08
5) DEFENCE NEWS / MILITARY EXERCISE 10
6) ENVIRONMENTS 02
7) INTERNATIONAL NEWS 05
8) SPORTS 08
9) PERSONS IN NEWS 06
10) PLACES IN NEWS – SUMMITS/CONFERENCE 07
11) IMPORTANTS DATES & EVENTS 02
12) STATES IN NEWS 02
13) SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 02
14) FESTIVALS/GI TAGS 02
15) BOOKS 03
16) MISCELLANEOUS 10
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AWARDS/MEDALS/HONORS/PRIZE
Nobel Prize 2020
Serial no. Stream /Area Recipient Purpose
1 Nobel Prize in Harvey J Alter, Michael Houghton, For discovery of Hepatitis Physiology or Medicine and Charles M Rice C virus. 2 Nobel Prize in Physics Roger Penrose, Reinhard Genzel For black hole research. and Andrea Ghez 3 Nobel Prize in Emmanuelle Charpentier, Jennifer For developing genome- Chemistry A. Doudna editing method. 4 Nobel Prize for Louise Glück. For unmistakable poetic literature voice. 5 Nobel prize in Paul Milgrom, Robert Wilson For improving the theory economics of how auctions work’. 6 Nobel Peace Prize UN’s World Food Programme For combating hunger.
Sandra Neese Lifetime Achievement Award = Indian-origin philanthropist Harish Kotecha.
Swachh Bharat Awards 2020 = The awards were presented under three categories 1. Swachh Sundar Samudayik Shouchalaya category = Gujarat won the first prize at state level.The Tirunelveli of Tamil Nadu got the first prize at district level. The Chinnanur village of Tamil Nadu bagged the first prize a Gram Panchayat level
2. Samudayik Shouchalya category = Gujarat and Uttar Pradesh were the best performing states under this category Prayagraj and Bareilly won the best performing districts.
3. Gandagi Mukt Bharat Mission category = Telangana and Haryana were awarded the first prizes.
India’s Global Himalayan Expedition wins 2020 UN Global Climate Action Award for promoting solar energy.
Late Indian actor, Om Puri was honoured with a Lifetime Achievement Award at the third edition of the India International Film Festival of Boston (IIFFB 2020).
The Indo-American Chamber of Commerce (IACC) has presented the lifetime achievement award to business icon Ratan Tata for his pioneering role in the Business Relations of India-USA and for his lifetime achievement in Global Leadership. This award was announced in the virtual event of IACC “COVID Crusader Award-2020”.
ISA Solar Awards conferred for the first time = 1. Visvesvaraya award: Japan for the Asia Pacific region and the Netherlands for Europe and Others region. 2. Kalpana Chawla awards: Dr Bhim Singh from IIT Delhi (India) and Dr Aaesha Alnuaimi from Dubai Electricity and Water Authority (United Arab Emirates). 3. Diwakar award: Arpan Institute (Haryana) and Arushi Society. JOIN TELEGRAM @MISSIONCAPFHUB / JOIN OUR DEFENCE CHANNEL @THEDEFENCEHUB Page 4
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14th Asian Film Awards 2020 = Indian Movie Gully Boy has received the award for the Best Original Score at 14th Asian Film Awards. Best Actor Lee Byung-hun – The Man Standing Next (South Korea) Best Actress Zhou Dongyu – Better Days (China) Best Film Parasite (South Korea)
Noted Odia poet, Nityanand Nayak will be conferred the prestigious Sarala Puraskar for his poetry work ‘Setebelaku Nathiba’, published in 2017.
“Bank of Ghana” has won the Central bank of the year award 2020.
A 23-year-old, Mumbai based girl, Aishwarya Sridhar became the first Indian woman to win the 2020 Wildlife Photographer of the Year award. It is the 56th year of the prestigious award. Her image titled ‘Lights of passion’, won among 50,000 entries from over 80 countries across the world.
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REPORTS/COMMITTEEG /INDEX/SURVEY/STUDY
World Bank releases its biennial “Poverty and Shared Prosperity Report’ = 150 mn likely to be in extreme poverty because Covid-19 by 2021.
‘Protect a Generation: Climate security for India’s children’, a joint report of PwC India and Save the Children India, released.
Transparency International’s ‘Exporting Corruption 2020 report = rates the performance of 47 leading global exporters, including 43 countries that are signatories to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Anti-Bribery Convention to assess the Enforcement of the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention’.
Oxfam report = India ranked 155th on the health spending index. India spends less than 4% of its budget on health. India’s health budget fourth lowest in world . Only 26 of the 158 countries surveyed were spending the recommended 15% of their budgets on health. Pakistan spent simply above 4% of its funds on well being; Nepal and Bangladesh spent 5%.
Lancet report = India to overtake Japan as 3rd largest economy by 2050 behind US and China.
World Meteorological Organisation’s[WMO] ‘2020 State of Climate Services’ report = stated that more disasters attributed to weather occurring each year.
Global Hunger Index 2020 of IFPRI (International Food Policy Research Institute) = India ranks 94th among 107 countries [Last year, India’s rank was 102 out of 117 countries] hence continues to be in the “serious” hunger category. India have highest prevalence of wasted children under five years in the world. Other neighbouring countries ranking- Bangladesh: 75th rank, Myanmar: 78th rank, Pakistan: 88th rank, Nepal: 73rd rank and Sri Lanka: 64th rank, Four component indicators = 1. UNDERNOURISHMENT, 2. CHILD WASTING, 3. CHILD STUNTING, 4. CHILD MORTALITY.
Asia Power Index for 2020 of Sydney-based Lowy Institute = US retains top position followed by China, Japan and India (4th). The Asia Power Index 2020 ranks 26 countries and territories to assess the relative power of states in Asia.
WEF ‘s ‘Future of Jobs Report 2020 = 85 mn human jobs likely to be displaced by machines by 2025.
India has been ranked 129 among 158 countries in the 2020 Commitment to Reducing Inequality (CRI) Index. The third edition of the index focuses on Fighting Inequality in the time of COVID-19. The 2020 CRI index has been topped by Norway. South Sudan is the lowest ranking country in the index at 158th position.
The Supreme Court has appointed Justice Madan B Lokur, a former judge of the apex court, as a one-man monitoring committee to prevent stubble burning in the states of Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh, amid rising levels of pollution in the national capital and adjoining regions.
‘Global Estimate of Children in Monetary Poverty: An Update’ launched by World Bank Group
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India has acquired the second rank in terms of the number of migrants going to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries and acquiring the citizenship of those countries. China retained its top spot with 4.3 lakh migrants, which was 1 per cent lower than the 2019 report.
The Centre has set up a high-level committee headed by Prime Minister Narendra Modi to commemorate the 400th birth anniversary of Shri Guru Tegh Bahadur. He was ninth of ten Gurus of the Sikh religion. He built the city of Anandpur Sahib (in Rupnagar/Ropar district, on the edge of Shivalik Hills, near the Sutlej River, in Punjab). Here the last two Sikh Gurus lived and where Guru Gobind Singh Ji founded the Khalsa Panth in 1699. He contributed more than 100 poetic hymns to Granth Sahib.
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GOVT. SCHEMES/PORTAL /APPS/INITIATIVES
Cabinet approves STARS (Strengthening Teaching-Learning and Results for States) project for school education in six states. Project will be partially funded by World Bank.
The STARS project would be implemented as a new Centrally Sponsored Scheme under the Department of School Education and Literacy, Ministry of Education (MoE). Focus on initiatives of PM e-Vidya, Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Mission and National Curricular and Pedagogical Framework for Early Childhood Care and Education as part of the Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan. These are aligned with the objectives of National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 of Quality Based Learning Outcomes.
MSME Ministry introduces Artificial intelligence & machine learning [AI & ML] for strengthening its single window system portal ‘Champions’ to assist MSMEs.
Atal innovation mission = The Atal innovation mission is a flagship initiative of Government of India that promotes Innovation and entrepreneurship in the country.
Initiatives of Atal innovation mission 1. The Atal tinkering labs were launched under the mission to develop problem solving mindset among students in the schools of India. 2. The Atal new India challenge was launched to align the needs of Ministries and departments of the union government 3. The Atal incubation centre fosters startup and provides them a controlled environment to develop and implement their ideas. 4. The Atal community innovation Centre was launched to boost community centric Innovation and ideas especially in the underserved regions of the country 5. ARISE, Atal Research and innovation for small enterprises was launched to stimulate Research and innovation in the MSME industry. 6. Mentor India campaign was launched in collaboration with the public sector to support all the initiatives that are being operated under the mission.
NITI Aayog, Ministry of New and Renewable Energy and Invest India will organise a Global symposium called the “India PV Edge 2020”. The summit aims to unveil and promote cutting edge technologies in solar manufacturing in India. India has set an ambitious target of achieving 450 GW of renewable energy by 2030.
Govt. to make India free of trans fat by 2022, a year ahead of WHO's target: Harsh Vardhan "FSSAI's Eat Right India movement targets to promote safe and healthy food for everyone in an environmentally sustainable way. In 2003 Denmark became the first country to ban trans fats food. The health minister launched the 'Eat Right Creativity Challenge' for schools which is a poster and photography competition and aims to promote healthy dietary habits. Launched the 'Eat Smart City' challenge by FSSAI in partnership with Smart City Mission and The Food Foundation, UK to create an environment of right food practices and habits in India's smart cities and can set an example for others to follow. Launched the 'Food Safety and Hygiene Guidelines for Safe Reopening of School Canteen/Mess' -- a document that highlights the best practices to be followed in the 'New normal of
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MISSION CAPF HUB BY SWAPNIL WALUNJ & TEAM COVID-19' by all the stakeholders.
Union Housing and Urban Affairs Minister Hardeep Singh Puri launches ‘e-Dharti Geo Portal’.
The Union Education Minister recently launched KAPILA campaign. It is Kalam Programme for Intellectual Property Literacy and Awareness campaign. The campaign was launched to celebrate the 89 birth anniversary of former President Dr APJ Abdul Kalam.
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare launched “CSIR Ushered Repurposed Drugs” portal called CuRED. Portal will provide the details about drugs repurposed by CSIR. Also, the portal will provide details about clinical trials of devices and diagnostics.
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ECONOMY/BANKING
Indian Bank launches ‘MSME Prerana’ to support small businesses.
Finance companies cannot be set up with FDI from Mauritius. Indian manufacturing or any other non-financial services companies have no such restrictions on FDI. Also, foreign portfolio investors (FPIs) from such jurisdictions are free to register with the Securities & Exchange Board of India (SEBI) to trade on Indian stock exchanges. According to RBI, the rules are tighter for finance companies since they are permitted to leverage several times their equity with public funds.
New Development Bank (BRICS Bank) approves $741 million loans for Delhi-Ghaziabad- Meerut Regional Rapid Transit System (RRTS), Mumbai Metro.
IMF’s World Economic Outlook (WEO) Update = Indian economy to contract by 10.3% in 2020-21. India will bounce back with 8.8% growth in 2021-22.
Multi commodity exchange [MCX] launched futures trading in real-time Base Metals Index ‘METLDEX’.
Ministry of Labour and Employment released the new series of Consumer Price Index for Industrial Worker (CPI-IW) with base year 2016.
Recently, former central bankers favored role of Asset reconstruction companies (ARCs) in insolvency resolution. ARC is a special type of financial institution that buys the debtors of the bank at a mutually agreed value and attempts to recover the debts or associated securities by itself. • Narsimham Committee – I (1991) envisaged setting up of a central Asset Reconstruction Fund to facilitate Banks to improve their balance sheets by cleaning up their non-performing loans portfolio. Later, Narsimham Committee – II (1998) proposed ARCs. • ARC is incorporated under the Companies Act and registered with Reserve Bank of India under the Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest (SARFAESI) Act, 2002. o RBI regulates ARCs as Non-Banking Financial Companies. • ARCIL was the first ARC set up by ICICI Bank, State Bank of India and IDBI. There are around 24 ARCs now and Edelweiss is the largest one.
SWAMITVA SCHEME = (Survey of Villages and Mapping with Improvised Technology in Village Areas) scheme was recently launched by the Prime Minister on the occasion of National Panchayati Raj. It is a Central Sector Scheme that aims to provide an integrated property validation solution for rural India, engaging the latest Drone Surveying technology, for demarcating the inhabitant (Aabadi) land in rural areas. It aims to update the ‘record-of-rights’ in the revenue/property registers and issue property cards to the property owners in rural areas. It is a collaborative effort of the Ministry of Panchayati Raj (MoPR) (Nodal Ministry for implementation of the scheme) Key Components of the scheme: Establishment of [CORS] Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS) network. Large Scale Mapping (LSM) using Drone. Enhancement of Spatial Planning Application “Gram Manchitra”.
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DEFENCE NEWS/SECURITY/MILITARY EXERCISE
Indian Coast Guard Fast Patrol Vessel ICGS ‘Kanaklata Barua’ commissioned in Kolkata. It is named after a teenage freedom fighter who was shot dead in Assam during the Quit India Movement. Then 17, led the Mukti Bahini, a procession of freedom fighters to unfurl the Tricolour at Gohpur police station on September 20, 1942. She had joined the Mrityu Bahini [a kind of a suicide squad] just two days before the incident. Kanaklata Barua is fifth and last in a series of FPVs built by Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers (GRSE) Ltd. The other four are 1. ICGS Priyadarshini (named after Indira Gandhi), 2. ICGS Annie Besant, 3. ICGS Kamala Devi (after Kamala Devi Chattopadhyay), and 4. ICGS Amrit Kaur.
ISRO to launch its Venus mission in 2025 along with participation from French Space Agency CNES (The National Centre for Space Studies). The VIRAL (Venus Infrared Atmospheric Gases Linker) instrument which is co-developed with ROSCOSMOS, Russian Federal Space Agency, and LATMOS atmospheres, environments, and space observations laboratory attached to the CNRS (National Scientific Research Centre), France, has been selected by ISRO after the request for a proposal. CNES will be contributing and will prepare the French coordination. It will be the first time a French payload will be flown on an Indian exploration mission.
Defence Ministry ropes in private sector company Alpha Design to upgrade Pechora surface to air systems.
India conducts successful night trial of nuclearcapable Prithvi-2 missile = The state-of-the-art missile is India’s first indigenous surface-to-surface strategic missile, developed by DRDO under the Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme. The 9-metre tall liquid-propelled Prithvi-2 has a range of 350 km and can carry a 1-tonne warhead. It uses Advanced Inertial Guidance System (AIGS) with manoeuvring trajectory to reach the target with a few metre accuracy. It has been designed to deliver advanced warheads deep into enemy territory. The missile dives at the target at an 80-degree angle.
ASCON (Army Static Switched Communication Network) secure communication network for the Army, to be implemented by PSU ITI Limited.
Surface-to-surface nuclear capable hypersonic missile ‘Shaurya’ test fired. Strike range: 700- 1,000 km. Shaurya is a land variant of short-range Submarine Launched Ballistic Missile (SLBM) K-15 Sagarika. It is capable of carrying payloads of 200 kg to 1000 kg. These ballistic missiles belong to the K missile family - codenamed after late Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam - which is launched from Arihant class of nuclear submarines. The K Family of Missiles: The K family of missiles are primarily Submarine Launched Ballistic Missiles (SLBMs). These have been indigenously developed by Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO).
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MISSION CAPF HUB BY SWAPNIL WALUNJ & TEAM Ballistic Missile = is a rocket-propelled self-guided strategic-weapons system that follows a parabolic trajectory to deliver a payload from its launch site to a predetermined fixed target. Ballistic Missile Defence system (BMD) of India = Agni, K-4 (SLBM), Prahaar, Dhanush, Prithvi and Trishul.
Bongosagar exercise = The second edition of the bilateral naval exercise "Bongosagar", between India and Bangladesh was held on 3 October 2020 in Northern Bay of Bengal. Indian Naval Ship (INS) Kiltan, an indigenously built Anti-Submarine Warfare Corvette and INS Khukri, an indigenously built Guided-Missile Corvette are participating along with Bangladesh Naval Ship (BNS) Abu Bakr, a Guided-Missile Frigate and BNS Prottoy, a Guided-Missile Corvette. The first edition of the 'Exercise Bongosagar' was held in 2019.
Third edition of India Bangladesh Coordinated Patrol (CORPAT) naval exercise to be held on 4-5 October. Exercise Bongosagar and IN - BN CORPAT will be undertaken over three days and reflects the priority that Indian Navy accords to Bangladesh Navy as part of Hon’ble Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s vision of SAGAR (Security And Growth for All in the Region).
DRDO successfully flight tests Supersonic Missile Assisted Release of Torpedo (SMART) from Wheeler Island off the coast of Odisha. SMART is a missile assisted release of lightweight Anti-Submarine Torpedo System for anti- submarine warfare (ASW) operations far beyond torpedo range. SMART, when launched from a warship or a truck-based coastal battery, takes off like a regular supersonic missile. Torpedo is a cigar-shaped, self-propelled underwater weapon, launched from a submarine, surface vessel, or airplane and designed for exploding upon contact with the hulls of surface vessels and submarines. Varunastra is the first indigenous heavyweight ship launched anti-submarine electric torpedo.
Indian Coast Guard Offshore Patrol Vessel ‘Vigraha’ launched in Chennai= The ICGS Varaha is the fourth in the series of seven 98-m Offshore Patrol Vessels (OPV) of the Indian Coast Guard (ICG). The ship has been designed and built indigenously built by L&T and will operate from the port of New Mangalore on the West Coast (covering Exclusive Economic Zone) up to Kanyakumari. ICGS Varaha is capable of operating the indigenously developed advanced light helicopter developed by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL).
Country’s first indigenous anti-radiation missile ‘Rudram’ successfully tested from Sukhoi-30 fighter aircraft = The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has successfully flight tested indigenously developed Anti Radiation Missile (Rudram-1). Anti Radiation Missile = to detect, track and neutralise the adversary’s radar, communication assets and other radio frequency sources, which are generally part of their air defence systems. These can locate and target any radiation emitting source. These can play a key role in neutralising any jamming platforms of the enemy or take out radar stations thereby clearing a path for own fighters to carry out an offensive and also prevent own systems from being jammed. Rudram-1 = It is an air-to-surface missile designed and developed by the DRDO. DRDO conducted a successful test of the New Generation Anti Radiation Missile (NGRAM) also called the Rudram-1 at the Integrated Test Range (ITR) in Balasore (Odisha). It is capable of striking accurately even if the radiation source switches off in between. It can be launched from altitudes of 500 m to 15 km and speeds of 0.6 to 2 mach.
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MISSION CAPF HUB BY SWAPNIL WALUNJ & TEAM Rudram has been developed for the Indian Air Force - IAF’s requirement to enhance its Suppression of Enemy Air Defence (SEAD) capability.
Sagar Kavach Coastal Security Exercise = The Indian Navy conducted a two-day coastal security exercise called “Sagar Kavach”. The exercise was conducted by Indian Navy along with Indian Coastal Guard. It is a half-yearly exercise to check coastal security mechanism and validate Standard Operating Procedure.
Matla Abhiyan Exercise = The Matla Abhiyan Exercise is a five day coastal security exercise that was conducted by the Indian Navy in Matla river. Two Indian boats undertook the patrol in the Sunderban Delta during the exercise.
Indigenously DRDO developed RUSTOM II Drone Test Fire Successful = The Rustom 2 is a medium attitude long endurance indigenous drone. The Drone was tested at Chitradurga of Karnataka. The Rustom 2 is a surveillance Drone. The Drone was developed to match the specifications of the Israeli unmanned aerial vehicle Heron. Currently India buys Heron drones from Israel.
Indian Navy–Sri Lanka Navy maritime exercise SLINEX-20 to be held off Trincomalee on Oct 19-21.
Australia to join India, USA, and Japan in the Malabar naval exercise in the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea in November.
India test-fires Stand-off Anti-tank (SANT) missile of range 15-20 km. It is developed for firing from helicopters. Developed by DRDO’s research centre, Imarat, in collaboration with the Indian Air Force. It will have both Lock-ons after Launch and Lock-on before Launch capability. It is, reportedly, an upgrade on India’s Helina missile believed to have a range of 7 to 8km. SANT missile is a variant of Nag missile. The other variants of Nag missile are Helina (or Dhruvastra) and MP-ATGM. SANT is an upgraded version of HELINA.
Anti-submarine warfare (ASW) stealth corvette ‘INS Kavaratti’ commissioned into the Indian Navy in Visakhapatnam,
Indian Navy fires anti-ship missile from guided missile corvette INS Kora in the Bay of Bengal.
Indian Navy released a video showing anti-missile ship INS Prabal launching a missile. INS Prabal is a Chamak-class missile boat of Indian Navy. It served in Indo-Pakistan War 1971. Indian Navy also owns Veer-class INS Prabal.
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ENVIRONMENTS
The Union Cabinet has approved the ratification of seven chemicals listed under Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs). The regulation inter alia prohibits the manufacture, trade, use, import and export of seven chemicals, namely: 1. Chlordecone, 2. Hexabromobiphenyl, 3. Hexabromodiphenyl ether and Hepta Bromodiphenyl Ether (Commercial octa-BDE), 4. Tetrabromodiphenyl ether and Pentabromodiphenyl ether (Commercial penta-BDE), 5. Pentachlorobenzene, 6. Hexabromocyclododecane, and 7. Hexachlorobutadiene.
The Stockholm Convention: It is a global treaty to protect human health and the environment from POPs. It was opened for signature in 2001 in Stockholm (Sweden) and became effective in 2004. Persistent Organic Pollutants = POPs are identified chemical substances that are characterised by: 1. Persistence in the environment. 2. Bio-accumulation in the fatty acids in living organisms. 3. Less soluble in water. 4. Adverse effect on human health/ environment.
“Zombie Fires” that are burning the Arctics = A Zombie fire is a fire from a previous growing season. It can smolder (burn slowly with smoke and no flame) under the ground that is made of carbon rich peat. The fire reignites when the weather warms.
India’s first five animal bridges = India is to see the first five animal overpasses on the Delhi- Mumbai Expressway. The animal bridges were planned to avoid disturbances to Ranthambore Wildlife Corridor that connects Mukundra and Ranthambhore Wildlife Sanctuaries.
Kaleshwaram Project gets Environmental Clearance = It is a multipurpose irrigation project on the Godavari river. The project begins at the meeting point of Godavari river and pranahita river. It was initially called the pranahita chevella project. Later it was renamed as Kaleshwaram project in 2014.
Asan Conservation Reserve has become Uttarakhand’s first Ramsar site, making it a ‘Wetland of International Importance’, announced the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change. The Reserve is located on the banks of Yamuna river near Dehradun district in Garhwal region of the Himalayan state.
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INTERNATIONAL NEWS
EU imposes sanctions against Belarus; wants President Alexander Lukashenko to hold a fresh election. Reason for sanction = President Alexander Lukashenko reelected was neither free nor fair and it condemned the regime’s violence against peaceful protesters and arbitrary arrests.
Saudi Arabia resumes Umrah pilgrimage to Mecca as virus restrictions ease.
Tunisian divers have discovered a French submarine wreck from World War I, the Ariane, which was sunk by a German submarine in 1917. The craft was spotted off Cap Bon by the managers of a diving club in the country's northeast as they were exploring new sites to explore with their students. This is the third submarine found in Tunisia, and the only one from the First World War.
South Pacific territory of New Caledonia rejects freedom from France in a referendum = The referendum was a part of a decolonisation plan agreed in 1998, known as the Noumea Accord. New Caledonia = New Caledonia is an archipelago and special collectivity of France located in the southwest Pacific Ocean.[*locate it on map] The indigenous Kanaks represent around 39% of the population, while European settlers (known as Caldoches) make up about 27%. Most of the remainder are from other Pacific islands, which are of mixed heritage, called Caledonians. History of New Caledonia = New Caledonia was discovered in 1774 by the British navigator James Cook. It was annexed by France in 1853. Political Status: New Caledonia is a territory sui generis i.e. territory of its own kind. It is a French overseas collectivity i.e. they are first-order administrative divisions of France but have a semi-autonomous status. It is one of the United Nations 17 Non-Self-Governing territories - where the process of decolonisation has not been completed.
S.S. Kalpana Chawla, a commercial cargo spacecraft bound for ISS (International Space Station), launched by NASA.
Russia tests new hypersonic anti-ship cruise missile ‘Tsirkon’. The test fire was conducted from the Frigate Admiral Gorshkov Vessel in White Sea.
Japanese Prime Minister, Yoshihide Suga has stated that the country will achieve zero carbon emissions by 2050.
Nepal withdraws textbook which includes contentious border map with India that it earlier showed as part of its territory in its political map, a move being seen as a conciliatory step. In May a constitutional amendment was undertaken in Nepal including a revised national map. India termed untenable the “artificial enlargement” of the territorial claims by Nepal after its Parliament unanimously approved the new political map of the country featuring Lipulekh, Kalapani and Limpiyadhura areas.
Kyrgyzstan President Sooronbai Jeenbekov orders ‘state of emergency’ in capital Bishkek till October 21.
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India and Myanmar are working towards the operationalization of the Sittwe port in the Rakhine state of Myanmar in the first quarter of 2021. The port is part of the Kaladan multi-modal transit transport project which is being viewed as India’s gateway to Southeast Asia.
Armenia, Azerbaijan agrees on ceasefire in Nagorno-Karabakh – a territory belonging to Azerbaijan that is controlled by ethnic Armenian forces since 1994. Background = The Nagorno-Karabakh region has 95% of Armenian ethnic people. It is controlled by them. However, the region is internationally recognized as a part of Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan is a Muslim majority country and Armenia is Christian majority country. Both Armenia and Azerbaijan are a part of the Transcaucasia region. It is the geographical region on the border of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It consists of Armenia, Georgia and Azerbaijan.
Decade-long travel, arms embargo imposed by UN on Iran ends.
FATF’s Asia Pacific Group (APG) keeps Pakistan on ‘enhanced follow-up list’ for slow progress against terror financing. Asia Pacific Group in August last year had downgraded Pakistan’s status to the “Enhanced Follow-up” category from “Regular Follow-up” over technical deficiencies to meet normal international financial standards. Difference Between “Enhanced follow-up and regular follow-up = 1. “Enhanced follow-up” -It is an intensive process of correction that deals with members with significant deficiencies (for technical compliance or effectiveness) in their AML/CFT systems. 2. Regular follow-up -It means just biennial reports, a country put under enhanced follow-up has to send four reports of compliance the following year. FATF ‘grey list’ and ‘blacklist’ = Black List- Countries are known as Non-Cooperative Countries or Territories (NCCTs) are put in the blacklist. These countries support terror funding and money laundering activities. Grey List- Countries that are considered a haven for supporting terror funding and money laundering are put in the FATF grey list. This inclusion serves as a warning to the country that it may enter the blacklist. Pakistan has been on the FATF grey list since June 2018 and was asked to implement the FATF Action Plan fully by September 2019.
India to host 7th Meeting of Ministers of Law & Justice of SCO virtually on Oct 16. India also hosts 19th SCO Foreign Trade and Economic Ministers Meeting On October 28, 2020
World’s First Asteroid Mining Robot to be launched by China. The main objective of the mission is to assess capabilities of robots in asteroid mining.
Kamchatka Disaster = The surfers of Kamchatka Peninsula of Russia recently complained of burning eyes, fever, throat ache and fear of losing sight. In hours after these complaints, millions of sea animals began to die in large numbers. Their bodies started to litter the beach in the region. These include seals, octopuses, sea urchins, crabs, stars and fish.
European Union Parliament voted updating its climate target to reduce emissions by 60% by 2030 as compared to 1990 levels. Earlier EU had set a goal of reducing 40% emission by 2030.
European-Japanese spacecraft BepiColombo bound makes first Venus fly-by on way to Mercury. Components of mission = The orbiters are ESA’s Mercury Planetary Orbiter (MPO) and
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MISSION CAPF HUB BY SWAPNIL WALUNJ & TEAM JAXA’s Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter (MMO, or ‘Mio’). A third component is the ESA-built Mercury Transfer Module (MTM). BepiColombo is scheduled to slip into orbit around Mercury in December 2025, after nine different planetary flybys (one of Earth, two of Venus and six of Mercury).
India to hand over INS Sindhuvir, a Kilo class submarine to the Myanmar Navy. This will be the first submarine of the Myanmar Navy. It is a Sindhughosh-class diesel electric submarine of the Indian Navy. These were designed under Project 877. It was built under an agreement between India and Russia.
Sudan is the third Arab government after UAE and Bahrain to announce normalisation of ties with Israel in 2020.
6th BRICS Parliamentary Forum 2020 = Theme: “Global Stability, General Safety and Innovative Growth: Parliamentary dimension”. Lok Sabha Speaker leads the Indian Parliamentary Delegation at forum.
Singapore = first Country to attach Facial Verification in National Identification Database.
The North Atlantic Treaty organisation is to setup a new Space Centre in Ramstein, Germany. The centre is to serve as a co-ordination Centre for space observation.
Andorra has joined the International Monetary Fund (IMF), to become its 190th member. Andorra is a microstate situated between France and Spain. However, it is the largest microstate in Europe.
UN Treaty of banning Nuclear Weapons enters into force = The United Nations recently announced that around 50 countries have ratified the UN Treaty to ban Nuclear Weapons. This has triggered the treaty into force. The treaty was opposed by the United States and other nuclear power.
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SPORTS
French Open tennis = Iga Swiatek (19) of Poland wins women’s singles title. Spain’s Rafael Nadal wins men’s singles title Men’s doubles -Germany’s Kevin Krawietz & Andreas Mies. Women’s doubles -Tímea Babos (Hungary) & Kristina Mladenovic (France).
India’s Nihal Sarin wins 2020 Junior Speed Online Championship organised by Chess.com.
Mercedes driver Lewis Hamilton of Britain wins Formula One Eifel Grand Prix in Nurburgring, Germany.
Denmark Open Badminton Japan’s Nozomi Okuhara (women’s), Denmark’s Anders Antonsen (men’s) win singles titles.
In Shooting, the world number one Elavenil Valarivan of India won the gold medal in women’s event of the 2020 Sheikh Russel International Air Rifle Championship.
India’s Visnu Shivaraj Pandian has won the 10m air rifle event at the fifth edition of the International Online Shooting Championship.
The Los Angeles Lakers defeated the Miami Heat to win the National Basketball Association (NBA) Championship 2020.
In Badminton, former World Champion Nozomi Okuhara of Japan clinched the Denmark Open 2020 title beating three-time world champion Carolina Marin in women’s singles. In the men’s singles final, world number seven Anders Antonsen of Denmark defeated his compatriot Rasmus Gemke.
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PERSONS IN NEWS
Lt Gen Harinder Singh appointed head of the Dehradun-based Indian Military Academy.
Government appoints Rajeshwar Rao as RBI Deputy Governor.
Sadyr Zhaparov appointed new Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan.
Sobha Naidu dies = She was among the foremost Kuchipudi dancers of India and a disciple of the renowned master Vempati Chinna Satyam. she won Padma Shri (2001), Sangeet Natak Akademi Award (1991), Nritya Choodamani award in 1982, Nritya Kala Siromani award in 1996, Late Sri N T Rama Rao award in 1998
Malayalam poet Akkitham Achuthan Namboothiri passes away at 94. Awarded Jnanpith award & Padmashri award. ‘Irupatham Noottandinte Ithihasam’ (Epic of the 20th Century) one of his major works.
Alpha Condé, the incumbent president of Guinea won the 3rd the term as the President of Guinea by winning the 2020 presidential elections.
Costume designer Bhanu Athaiya, India’s first Oscar winner, dies at 91. She won the 1983 Academy Award for Best Costume Design for the movie ‘Gandhi’ jointly with John Mollo. Athaiya was born in Kolhapur in Maharashtra of British India. National Film Award for Best Costume Design (1991) for Lekin, National Film Award for Best Costume Design (2002) for Lagaan.
New Zealand PM Jacinda Ardern wins second term in election landslide.
Former Anglican priest Wavel Ramkalawan elected new President of Seychelles
PLACES IN NEWS – SUMMITS/CONFERENCE
Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MEITY) and NITI Aayog organizing summit on Artificial Intelligence ‘RAISE 2020’ (Responsible AI for Social Empowerment 2020) from October 5 to 9.
World biggest Zinc Smelter Project in Gujarat.
The 12th BRICS Summit is scheduled to be held on 17th November 2020 via video conference. . The theme of the Meeting of the Leaders of BRICS countries is “BRICS Partnership for Global Stability, Shared Security and Innovative Growth”
The first-ever virtual G20 (Group of Twenty) Youth 20 (Y20) Global Summit was virtually hosted from Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia for exchanging ideas and dialogues for the empowerment of youth Post COVID.
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IMPORTANTS DATES & EVENTS
International Day of Older Persons = October 1. It observes to promote Decade of Healthy ageing (2020-2030).
International Day of Non-Violence = October 2. Celebrated on birthday of Mahatma Gandhi. Theme: Shaping Peace Together.
World Habitat Day = October 5. Theme: ‘Housing For All: A Better Urban Future’
World Teachers’ Day = October 5. Theme: ‘Teachers: Leading in crisis, reimagining the future’.
Wild Life Week being celebrated in India from October 2 to 8.
World Cotton Day = October 7
Indian Air Force Day = October 8
Indian Foreign Service Day = October 9
World Post Day = October 9. It marks anniversary of the establishment of Universal Postal Union in 1874 in Swiss Capital, Berne.
World Migratory Bird Day = October 10. Theme: “Birds Connect Our World”.
World Mental Health Day = October 10. Theme: ‘Mental Health for All: Greater Investment – Greater Access’.
International Day of the Girl Child = October 11. Theme “My Voice, Our Equal Future”.
International Day for Disaster Risk Reduction = October 13. Theme = ‘Disaster risk governance'. Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015 - 2030 was adopted during the Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction held in Sendai, Japan in March, 2015. It is a voluntary and non-binding agreement which recognizes that the State has the primary role to reduce disaster risk but that responsibility should be shared with other stakeholders including local government, the private sector and other stakeholders. The new Framework is the successor instrument to the Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) 2005-2015.
International E-Waste Day = October 14. Theme: Education.
Highest e waste generator = 1. China is the largest producer of electronic waste worldwide.India third largest e-waste generator in the world after China and the USA.
2. Maharashtra contributes the largest e-waste of 19.8% but recycles only about 47,810 tons per annum. Other states such as Tamil Nadu (13%) recycles about 52,427, Uttar
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MISSION CAPF HUB BY SWAPNIL WALUNJ & TEAM Pradesh (10.1%) recycles about 86,130, West Bengal (9.8%), Delhi (9.5%), Karnataka (8.9%), Gujarat (8.8%) and Madhya Pradesh (7.6).
3. Mumbai ranks first in generating e-waste followed by Delhi, Bangalore, Chennai, and Kolkata.
World Students Day = October 15. Every year Dr APJ Abdul Kalam birth anniversary is celebrated as World Students Day. Theme: Learning for people, prosperity and peace.
International Day of Rural Women = October 15. Theme: Building Rural Women’s resilience in the wake of COVID-19.
Global Hand washing Day = October 15. Theme: “Hand Hygiene for All”.
World Food Day = October 16. Theme: “Grow, Nourish, Sustain. Together. Our actions are our future”.
World Trauma Day = October 17.
International Day for the Eradication of Poverty = Oct 17. Theme: ‘Acting together to achieve social and environmental justice for all’.
World Statistics Day = October 20. Theme: “Connecting the world with data we can trust”.
United Nations Day = October 24. Theme: The Future We Want, UN We Need: Reaffirming our Collective Commitment to Multilateralism.
World Polio Day = October 24. Theme: “Stories of Progress: Past and Present”.
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STATES IN NEWS
Indian Tourism Statistics (ITS) 2020 = Uttar Pradesh has emerged as the top destination for attracting the highest number of domestic tourists visiting the state in 2019. In terms of foreign tourists, Tamil Nadu has topped the list with nearly 68 lakh foreigners visiting the state in 2019.
Assam govt. launches mobile app Kisan Rath (Fruits & Vegetables) connecting farmers, farmer producer organizations and agricultural traders.
India’s first sand dune parks and interpretation centres are set to be developed in Goa.
Goa becomes the First state to provide 100% Tap Water Connections under Har Ghar Jal. Jal Jeevan Mission = aims to provide 55 litres of tapped water per person per day to all the households by 2024. In order to implement the mission successfully, a Village Action Plan was prepared with three main components such as water source and its maintenance, greywater management and water supply.
UP CM Yogi Adityanath launches 6-month long ‘Mission Shakti’ campaign for safety of women in the state.
Chief Minister of Odisha, Naveen Patnaik has inaugurated “Sujal”, ‘Drink from Tap Mission’ scheme, to provide round the clock supply of quality tap drinking water in all urban areas of the state.
Gujarat government has signed a pact with Vedanta Group firm Hindustan Zinc Ltd (HZL) to set up a greenfield zinc smelter in the state.
West Bengal government has launched the “Pathashree Abhijan” scheme- a road repair scheme
UP Governor Anandiben Patel inaugurates 180-day ‘Safe City Project’ for women’s safety in Lucknow. The state government of Gujarat has announced a ‘Digital Seva Setu’ programme to ensure optimum utilisation of technology for public welfare in rural areas. The program has been initiated under the Centre’s BharatNet Project.
Kerala govt. declared that its public education sector completely digital as Kerala has become the first state in the country to have high-tech classrooms in all its public schools.
Kerala becomes the first state in the country to fix the floor price for vegetables. The floor price will be 20 per cent above the production cost of the vegetable.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
C-DAC to commission India’s fastest HPC-AI Supercomputer ‘PARAM Siddhi – AI’ with NVIDIA. This high-performance computing-Artificial Intelligence (HPC-AI) supercomputer is a machine with 210 AI Petaflops (6.5 Petaflops Peak DP).
Health Ministry to roll out FELUDA India’s first paper-strip test for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. It is developed by CSIR-IGIB[ Council of Scientific and Industrial Research’s Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology]
The Feluda[ FNCAS9 Editor Linked Uniform Detection] is a paper strip test that detects the coronavirus in an hour. It is the first such indigenous test kit to be developed in India based on Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) technology.
CRISPR is a gene editing technology, which replicates natural defence mechanisms in bacteria to fight virus attacks, using a special protein called Cas9. CRISPR-Cas9 technology behaves like a cut-and-paste mechanism on DNA strands that contain genetic information. The specific location of the genetic codes that need to be changed, or edited, is identified on the DNA strand, and then, using the Cas9 protein, which acts like a pair of scissors, that location is cut off from the strand.
Comparison of Feluda test to the RT-PCR Test = 4. The Feluda test uses the gene-editing tool-Crispr-Cas9 to target and identify genomic sequences of the novel coronavirus in suspected individual samples. 5. RT-PCR test (Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction) detects the virus genetic material, which is the Ribonucleic acid (RNA). 6. The Feluda test will cost less than Rs.500 compared to Rs. 4500 for the real-time PCR test.
The Indian Council of Medical Research along with Hyderabad based Biological E has developed “Purified Antisera”. The antiserum has been obtained from animals. This is to be used as a prophylaxis and treatment for COVID-19. Antiserum is a human or inhuman blood serum that spreads passive immunity through blood donation.
NASA’s Osiris-Rex spacecraft touches surface of asteroid Bennu. The mission aimed to study Asteroid Bennu and return at least 60 grams of the sample.
SOFIA Aircraft of NASA discovers water in the sun lit surface of the moon.
The scientists in Netherlands have discovered a new organ in human throat during a research on prostate cancer. The scientists of the Netherlands Cancer Institute discovered a set of salivary glands in the upper part of the throat. they have named the organ Tubarial salivary glands.
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FESTIVALS/GI TAGS
Kati Bihu festival celebrated in Assam. Kati Bihu is celebrated in Assam and is one of the three Bihu festivals. The Kati Bihu is also called as Kangali Bihu, the festival of the poor (the word “Kongal” means “poor”). It is celebrated in mid-October when the crops are at growing stage and the granaries of the farmers are empty.
The red cherry pepper chilli of Sikkim which is locally known as the “Dalle Khursani” has earned the geographical indication (GI) tag from the Union department of Industry promotion and internal trade.
BOOKS
Priyanka Chopra Jonas’ debut book ‘Unfinished’ to release in January 2020.
Veteran Economist and bureaucrat N K (Nand Kishore) Singh has released his autobiography titled “Portraits of Power: Half a Century of Being at Ringside”.
“Discovering the Heritage of Assam”, written by Padampani Bora.
The author of Baahubali series, Anand Neelakantan has authored his first kid’s book titled “The Very, Extremely, Most Naughty Asura Tales for Kids”, published by Puffins Publishers Private Limited under the Ministry of Corporate Affairs.
Renowned Author and Politician, Shashi Tharoor is set to release his new book titled “The Battle of Belonging” is set to be released in November 2020. The book is published by Aleph Book Company.
A book titled “Night of the Restless Spirits: Stories from 1984″ authored by Sarbpreet Singh.
World’s 1st scientoon book entitled "Bye Bye Corona", was released by Anandiben Patel, Governor, Uttar Pradesh. The book was written by ‘scientoonist’ Dr Pradeep Srivastava.
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MISCELLANEOUS( imp )
Thaawarchand Gehlot launches Ambedkar Social Innovation & Incubation Mission under Venture Capital Fund for SCs. Key Features = 1. To promote entrepreneurship among SC students with special preference to disabled 2. To support innovative ideas till 2024 through synergetic work with Technology Business Incubators that are set up by the Department of Science and Technology 3. To promote, support, and hand-hold start-up ideas till they reach commercial stage. This is to be sone by providing liberal equity support. 4. To incentivize students with innovative mindset to take entrepreneurship with confidence.
PM Modi inaugurates 9.02 km long Atal tunnel Rohtang in Himachal Pradesh. Built in the Pir Panjal range of Himalayas, the tunnel will ensure year-long connectivity between Manali and Lahaul-Spiti valley that was earlier cut off for about six months every year due to heavy snowfall. The tunnel will reduce the distance between Manali and Leh by 46 km and the travel time by four to five hours.
NRI quota in private colleges not sacrosanct; candidates cannot assert their right to be admitted: SC.
National Thermal Power Corporation Limited (NTPC) has featured on the top on the list of Indian PSUs under the ‘World’s Best Employer 2020’, published by Forbes.
Centre releases Rs. 100 coin to mark birth centenary of Vijaya Raje Scindia; one of BJP’s founding members.
AMHUB = India’s first advanced manufacturing hub. The World Economic Forum and Guidance agency will jointly establish AMHUB in the state of Tamil Nadu. AMHUB is Advanced Manufacturing hub and is first of its kind in the country. Guidance is the nodal investment promotion agency of the state of Tamil Nadu.
Amazon Web, NITI Aayog launch Frontier Technologies Cloud Innovation Centre (CIC) to address societal challenges through digital innovation.
Joginder War Memorial on 1962 Sino-India War inaugurated at Bum La in Arunachal Pradesh. Sub Joginder Singh was conferred ‘Param Vir Chakra’, the highest gallantry award’.
A unique Plastic Premier League (PPL) tournament is being played in Indore, Madhya Pradesh to free the city from single-use plastic. Indore is known for its innovative efforts regarding cleanliness. Indore has been awarded as the cleanest city in the country four times so far.
Union Ministry of Labour announced that India has assumed the chairmanship of International Labour Organization after 35 years. The current Labour Secretary Apurva Chandra has been elected as the chairperson of the Governing Body of ILO. He is to preside over the upcoming meeting of the Governing body in November 2020. The Governing Body of the International Labour Organization is the apex executive body. India is one of the founding members of ILO. It was created in 1919 under Treaty of Versailles and became a specialized agency in 1946.
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MISSION CAPF HUB BY SWAPNIL WALUNJ & TEAM India has ratified six out of eight ILO conventions = 1. Abolition of Forced Labour 2. Convention Forced Labour Convention 3. Equal Remuneration Convention 4. Minimum Age Convention 5. Discrimination Convention 6. Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention
India has not ratified the following conventions 1. Freedom of Association and Protection of the right to organize 2. Convention Right to Organize and Collective Bargaining Convention
NITI Aayog’s Rajiv Kumar Panel to reform Urban Planning Education System.
Mastercard has entered into a partnership with Atlantis to expand the Digital First Program in India. The partnership aims to provide the users of Mastercard, a technology solution that enables them to enjoy a best-in-class digital banking experience
PM Modi dedicates Atal Tunnel to the nation = Atal Tunnel is the world’s longest highway tunnel above 10,000 feet from the Mean Sea Level (MSL).Atal tunnel has been built, by the Border Roads Organisation (BRO), under the Rohtang Pass in the eastern Pir Panjal Range of the Himalayas on the Leh-Manali Highway in Himachal Pradesh. The total length of the tunnel is 9.02 km and at an elevation of 3,100 metres (10,171 ft).
TRISHNA Mission = is Tropiques and Saral-Altika. It is a joint mission of India and France in monitoring climate changes. The mission will monitor water cycle at the Earth Surface.
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