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CRYPTO AG ZUG (Switzerland-Suisse) No. 3337 THIS BINDER CONTAINS THE FOLLOWING BROCHURES: No. 3198: Pocket Cryptographer CD-57 No. 3011 : Manually operated Cipher Machine C-52 No. 3162: Electric Drive Device (Keyboard) B-621 No. 3134: Tape Translator PEB-61 Postadresse 6301 Zug/Schweiz, Postfach Telefon Telegramme Telex 78 702 Adresse postale 6301 Zug/Suisse, Case postale Telephone (042) 3815 44 Telegrammes CRYPTO ZUG Domizil: Steinhausen-Zug Post address 6301 Zug/Switzerland, P. 0. Box Phone Cables Zugerstrasse 42 CRYPTO AG ZUG (Switzerland-Suisse) No. 3198 -a POCKET CRYPTOGRAPHER TYPE CD-57 The pocke t machine CD-57 has been spe cially designed for appli­ cations requiring easy portability of a cipher unit, but not req­ uiring any printed proof. The CD-57 is equipped with 6 keywheels with different numbers of divisions for ciphering (and deciphe ring) . The keywheels can be selected from a choice of totally twelve . Depending on the 8 9 sele ction cipher se rie s of 7 x 10 to 6 x 10 characters can be obtained which, with the judicious use of the stepping mechanism (see further description) will provide a very high cipher . The following divisions of keywheels are obtainable: 25, 26, 29, 31, 34, 37, 38, 41, .42, 43, 46, and 47. Each keywheel includes the same number of pins as divisions. The pins can e ither be set to active or inactive positions. As a general rule , it is recommended to place about 50 � of the pins in active positions. The step�ing mechanism acting on the pin (key) whe els can translate the influence of the active pins ranging from 0 to· 16 steps for each p inwheel. The maximum number of steps, however, is limited to 40. For instance the following setting can be arranged: Telex 78702 Telefon Telegramme Postadresse 6301 Zug/Schweiz, Postfach Domizil: Steinhausen-Zug Telephone (042) 3815 44 Telegrammes CRYPTO ZUG Adresse postale 6301 Zug/Suisse, Case postale Zugerstrasse 42 Phone Cables Post address 6301 lug/Switzerland, P. 0. Box I 3198-a -2- pinwheel No. produces step II II No. 2 2 s t ep s " " No. 3 4 steps " No. 4 " 8 steps II No. 5 " 1 0 steps II No. 6 II 1 5 steps When all wheels present active pin s at the same time, 40 steps wil l be obtained . When all are inactiv e the res ult is 0 step. The 64 pos sible combinations will produce all poss ible numbers from 0 to 40, some of which in two or three differen t combinations. The result of max imum 40 steps is, fro m the cryptological point of view, a very high value. The ciphering procedure (enciphering and deciphering) is done by seeking the letter to be ciphered on a stationary alphabet ring and noting the corresponding letter on a moveable alphabet dis c ins ide the ring. For each operation the ste pp ing mechanis m acts on that alphabet disc and turns it to one of its 26 possible pos itions r e l a t ive to the alphabet ring. The machine is operated as follows: 1. Primarily the machines to correspond wi th each other must be so arranged that their keying mechanisms become ide ntical (inner setting). The arrangement include s the pins in the pin wheels, the sequence used to put the correct pinwheels into the machine, the number of steps for the stepping mechanis m and the alphabet used. 2. For each me ss age to be ciphered the six pinwheels must be set in an id en tical starting position (which must differ for every mess age ) , and the alphabe t ring in one of the pos sible 26 pos itions relative to the alphabet disc ( external setting ) . I 3198-a - 3 - The machine is held in the operator's left hand. First the operating lever must be released from its rest position, as it is locked when the machine is not in use. To do so the lever is pushed inward with the thumb and then released. After every manipulation the letter to be ciphered (primary letter) is fi rst seeked on the outer alphabet ring and the corresponding (secondary) letter, appearing on the inner disc opposite the primary one, is written down by hand or by a typewriter. As the two alphabet discs are inverse, the same procedure is done for' both enciphering and deciphering. (If arbitrary alphabets are used, the enciphering is done by mean s of the alphabet ring and the deciphering by alphabet disc,) F6r checking of operations a counter is provided that is set to zero (0000) before start of operation. Note: Users of mechanical cipher machines of the type C-4, C-52 and Converter M-209 will be interested in the fact that the aforementioned machines can cooperate with the CD-57 if layed out accordingly. (See leaflets No. 3092 and 3254�) Weight and dimensions Width: 3 1/411 (BOmm) Length: 5 1/8" (130mm) Thickness: 1 1/2" (38mm) Net weight including pinwheels: 23 ounces (650 grams). Illustrations Fig. 1 shows the machine in the hand of an operator with the operating lever in its outer (released) position. With the position of the inner alphabet disc, as shown, the letter B for instance will be ciphered to I and H to C. I 3198-a -4- When the machine is not in use, the lever is pushed in and the catch, which is seen beneath the lever, is p u shed upward thus l o cking the lever, Legend: (1) Operating lever (2) Alphabet ring (3) Alphabet disc. Fig. 2 shows the machine with t he lid open with the follo­ wing main parts visible: (1) Operating lever (5) Pinwheel group, mounted on a central beari n g (6) Control lever assembly (3) Alphabet disc, on top of the displacing disc assembly (7) Counter (8) Tool. In the lid the small tool can be seen. This tool is used a) to crank the pinwheels forward or backward to a desired ( commo n ) position and b) .to move the lugs on the displacing discs to the places wh i c h may have been prescribed for them. Fig, 3 shows the machine with the o pened lid and the pinwheels placed upside down in the foreground. It can be s een that the pinwheels consist of two main parts: A rin g , carrying the pins and a center ( marked with the number of pins, carried by the wheel in question) which acts as a bearing for the pin disc and in which the gear in g for the advancement of the dis c is mounted. The central bea ring (which is hollow) is now clearly seen. A part of it is cut off, and inside the bear i ng (journal) a modified Maltese cross with four driving vanes is located. When the operating I 3198-a -5...;. lever is pushed inward, the cross revolve s one fourth of revolution and a vane acts upon the gears in the pinwheel centers, advancing all pinwheels one step . A connecting g e arwheel between the central bearing and the counter is also seen: This advances the counter one unit for every operation� When the pinwheels are removed, the counter can easily be set to "0000". Legend ( 5 ) Pinwheel group ( 51 ) Pinwheel ring (52) Pinwheel center (53) Ac tive pin ( 9) Central bearing ( 1 1 ) Connecting gearwheel .h.D..£1 .: 3 Illustrations .198 Fig. 1 to 3 AGG OST/iz 2 3 Pocket Cryptographer ) .190 080 Cryptographe de poche ) CD-55/C057 Taschenchiffriergerat ) Fi . 1 CRYPTO AG. ZUG (Schweiz) 29.3.195.7 1 5 1 3 Pocket Cryptographer ) .198 080 Cryptogrnphe de poche ) CD-55/CD57 Taschenchiffriergerat ) Fig. 2 CRYPTO AG. ZUG (Schweiz) 29.3.1957 Pocket Cryptographer ) . 198 080 Cryptograph de poche ) CD-55/co 57 Taschenchiffriergerat ) Fig. 3 29.3.1957 CRYPTO AG. ZUG (Schweiz) CRYPTO AG ZUG (Switzerland-Suisse) No. 3011-c THE CRYPTOGRAPH TYPE C-52 Specifications 1 • Standard Model The standard model includes the following ciphering components and accessories: 1.1 - Drum with 32 bars equipped with 50 removable lugs(totally) 1.2 - Six keywheel groups, each equipped with a pin disc 1.3 - One indicating / printing assembly, consisting of: - One indicating disc placed in the typewheel cover - One typewheel unit with one primary and one secondary type ring which can be set in 26 v ariou s positions, relative to each other. Note: Al 1 bars, key discs, indicating disc and typewheel unit are easily interchangeable. 1.4 Accessories - Four keys, 2 of which ( mar ked with a slot in the handle) open the outer protective cover only, while the other two keys (marked with two slots) open both the inner and the outer cover. - Tools for the rearrangement of the bar lugs and key disc pins - Screw driver, tweezer. Telex 78 702 Telefon Telegram me Postadresse 6301 lug/Schweiz, Postfach Domizil: Steinhausen-lug Telephone (042) 3815 44 Telegrammes CRYPTO lUG Adresse postale 6301 lug/Suisse, Case postale lugerstrasse 42 Phone Cables Post address 6301 lug/Switzerland, P. 0. Box 30·11-c -2- - Tube with ink pads -·Container with lugs - Short carrying strap. When ordering the machine the following data is requ ired: a) Keywheels : These can be chosen within twelve different wheels with 25, 26, 29, 31,34, 37, 38, 41, 42, 46 and 47 pins on the discs. Color of the pin discs: Normally black or white. Mar kings : Each pin is identified by a number ( from 01 up w ards) on the flat disc surface.
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  • Hagelin) by William F

    Hagelin) by William F

    .. REF ID :A2436259 Declassified and approved for release by NSA on 07-22 2014 pursuant to E.O. 13s2e REF ID:A2436259 '!'UP SECRE'I' REPO'.RT·oF.VISIT 1Q. CRYPTO A.G. (HAGELIN) BY WILLIAM F. FRIEDMAlif SPECIAL ASSISTANT TO THE DIRECTOR, NATIONAL SECURITY AGENCY 21 - 28 FEBRUARY 1955 ----------~------- I -:-· INTRO:bUCTIOI~ 1. In accordance with Letter Orders 273 dated 27 January 1955, as modified by L.0.273-A dated~ February 1955, I left Washington via MATS at 1500 hour~ on 18 'February 1955, arrived at Orly Field, Pe,ris, at 1430 hours on 19 February, • • • f ' I ' -,-:--, I." -'\ i I I ~ ~ ,.o"4 • ,. ... \ • .... a .. ''I •:,,., I I .arid at Zug, Switzerland, at 1830 the same day. I sp~~~ th~- ~e~t .few da;s· ~ Boris Hagelin, Junior, for the purpose of learning the status of their new deyelop- ' ments in crypto-apparatus and of makifie an approach and a proposal to Mr. Hagelin S~, 1 / as was recently authorized by.USCIB and concurred in by LSIB. ~ Upon completion of that part of rrry mission, I left Zug at 1400 hours on ··'··· 28 February and proceeded by atrb-eme:afle to Zttr-3:ch, wfl:eie I l3e-a.d:ee: a s~"3:es ah3::i:nMP plet;ille to London, arriving :H1 i:Jendo-l't' at 1845 that evening, f,the schedll1 ed plan'i ed 2_. The following report is based upon notes made of the subste.nce of several talks with the Hagel~ns, at times in separate meetings with each of them and at other times in meetings with both of them.
  • Simulation and Computer-Aided Cryptanalysis of Angooki Taipu B

    Simulation and Computer-Aided Cryptanalysis of Angooki Taipu B

    PURPLE Revealed: Simulation and Computer-aided Cryptanalysis of Angooki Taipu B Wes Freeman,1 Geoff Sullivan 2 and Frode Weierud 3 ADDRESSES: (1) 2527 Mardell Way, Mt View CA 94043 USA. Email: [email protected]; (2) 64 Tennyson Road, Headless Cross, Redditch, Worcs., B97 5BJ UNITED KINGDOM. Email: [email protected]; (3) Le Pre Vert, 1041 Rte de Mategnin, F-01280 Prevessin-Moens FRANCE. Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT: PURPLE was the designation given by U.S. cryptanalysts to the cipher machine used by the Japanese Foreign Office for secure communications before and during WW 2. We present the structure and internal wiring of the machine, as well as details of the keying procedures and a system of abbreviations, which was used in the messages. We have also written a computer simulation of the PURPLE machine. Operation of the simulator is demonstrated by deciphering portions of the 14-part message delivered to the United States on Dec. 7, 1941. Finally, an automated cryptanalysis method for the PURPLE system is presented. KEYWORDS: Pearl Harbor, PURPLE, RED, Rowlett, Stepping Switch, Computer Simulations, Hill Climbing, Roma-ji, Romazi. Introduction On December 6, 1941, the Japanese Government sent a message, which was divided for transmission into 14 parts (the 14-part message), to its embassy in Washington. An accompanying message directed that the 14-part message be delivered to the United States Government on December 7 at 1:00 p.m., which corresponded to 7:30 a.m. at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The 14-part message, which broke off negotiations between Japan and the United States, was enciphered on the PURPLE machine.