Exploration of Bilaspur Block, Yamunanagar, Haryana
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World Wide Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development WWJMRD 2017; 3(12): 484-487 www.wwjmrd.com International Journal Peer Reviewed Journal Refereed Journal Exploration of Bilaspur Block, Yamunanagar, Indexed Journal UGC Approved Journal Haryana Impact Factor MJIF: 4.25 e-ISSN: 2454-6615 Manoj Kumar Manoj Kumar Research Scholar Abstract Dept. of Ancient Indian The present research paper is based on recent archaeological explorations in Bilaspur Block of History Culture and District Yamunanagar, Haryana, Author conducted village to village field investigations under his the Archaeology Kurukshetra University, Ph.D., Programme. During the above-said investigation, several new archaeological sites came into Kurukshetra, India light in the catchment area of Saraswati, Darishadwati and Boli Rivers, apart from this many already discovered sites were also revisited to obtain the accurate information about site like Geo- Coordinates, Cultural Sequence, Size of Sites and digital Photography, these all aspects are described in the paper. Reported sites belong to various cultural phases like Mature Harappan, Late Harappan/Bara, OCP, PGW, NBP, Historical, Early medieval, medieval, and Later Medieval, so the cultural study is also described in this paper. The author tried to testify on the ground of archaeological and literary evidence that which places have the Puranic legends in the context Saraswati; those place had their existence during that time, like Adi-Badri, Pritupur, Bilaspur, Uttamwala, and Kapalmochan. Keywords: Archaaeology and Culture Introduction Location The Present study area falls under the jurisdiction of Bilaspur block, District Yamunanagar, Haryana. This is one of five blocks of District Yamunanagar, Haryana. It lies between 300 0 0 0 ’27.02’38” N and 77 19’ 17” E and 30 14’ 49” N 77 21’ 37” E in north-eastern region of Haryana. In the north, Block Bilaspuris bounded by Siwalik foothills of Sirmaur District of Himachal Pradesh and Eastern boundary touches with block Chhachhrauli, southern side is enclosed by block Jgadhri. The western boundary of study region is surrounded by block Sadhaura and block Mustfabad is situated in south-west side. Physiography, The study area occupies the north-eastern part of Haryana, it comes into the province of Indo-Gangetic plains and locally it falls in the Yamuna floodplains. In the ancient period, this region was engaged by Saraswati and Darishadvati rivers, now it is covered by Yamuna, Somb and Boli rivers which are seasonal rivers. The study area is divided into the three parts i.e. north zone covered by the Siwalik foothills. The middle part of the area is much undulated and, it is the initial stage of Siwalik foothills. The southern part of study region is generally plain and it is recently covered by alluvial deposits of Yamuna, Saraswati and Darishadvati rivers. The entire area is in the sloping appearance from northern to southern edge. Elevation of the study region ranges between 900 to 1250 feet from MSL. Correspondence: Manoj Kumar Ecological features Research Scholar Climate Dept. of Ancient Indian Present study region falls under the north-eastern Haryana. It has the semi-humid and semi- History Culture and Archaeology arid climate. Mainly the study is facing varied climate i.e. hot, dry and cold. This area falls Kurukshetra University, under Indian monsoon system. In the northern Haryana, temperature increases swiftly during Kurukshetra, India the month of March-April and go to increase day by up to the June, it rises up to 47 0 c. ~ 484 ~ World Wide Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development During this spell, several thunderstorms come in this duck,, wigeons, house Crow,,wild Crow, House Sparrow, province but mild wind also blows. Annual south-western Parakeets, Indian Maynaetc are take place in the study monsoon reaches after mid-June to mid-September which region. Describable reptiles like various kinds of Snake, gives the relief from hot summer season but humidity is Python, Lizard, Girgit, and tortoise etc, some amphibians very oppressive in this period. July and August are heavy also occur like frog and toads. rainy months, Monsoon withdraws during the latter half of the month of September, The period of post-monsoon (mid- Geology September to Mid-November) is a transitional season. The northern edge of our study region is comprised of Temperature decreases after mid-September; night is cooler Siwalik Foothills. These hills are made of the tertiary rocks as compared to the days. From mid-November mild cold like Sedimentary rocks, shale, and boulder conglomerate. starts, December January and half February are coldest Eastern, southern and western parts of the block is in the months of winter season with heavy western cool breeze, alluvium plain having sand, silt and clay which were the temperature downfalls up to 10 Cand hilly part of the stratified by ancient Saraswati, Darishadvati, Yamuna, and study area is more cool than plain. Visibility is very low Somb, etc. it is very fertile land, River courses are full of due to heavy fog in the above said season. Light rain also pebbles. falls in this session. Water bodies Flora At present the Yamuna, Boli, Phatrala, and Somb rivers are On the bases of geomorphology,, Study area can divide into existing water source but, in the past mighty river, two portions, Hilly and Plain. Hilly parts of the region Saraswati and Drishadvati were also the major foundation which known as Siwalik foothills are occupied by tropical of the water source. All of the rivers are described in the dry deciduous frost. Such type of forests is found in the ancient literature. Old Drishadwati River has often been Adi-Badri and surrounding area. These forests are identified with the modern ChautangNala. According to the prospered from the large number hardwood species include major religious work SrimadBhagavatam, the Drishadvatiis Chhall (Anogeissuslatifolius),Khir (Acacia catechu) one of the many transcendental rivers in India. The Jhingan( Lanneacoromandel), Amaltas (Cassia fistula) DrishadvatiRiver is already mentioned in the Rig Veda Bahera (terminallabellirica) and Dhak (Butea together with Saraswati and Apaya. In the Manu-Smriti, monosupreme) Sal (Shorearobusta) and Other trees found this river and the Sarasvati River define the boundary of are Semul, Amla, Kachir (BauhineaPurpurea), Papdi Brahmavart., According to Mahabharata and Vamanpurana, (HolopteleaIntgrifolia) etc. Many species of small trees and the land, which lies between Saraswati and Drishadvati shrubs are found like NyctanhesTarbortristis, rivers, is called Kurukshetra. LimoniaAcidissima, Randia, Carissa opace, AdhatodaVasica etc. are very general in the region. Apart Previous Work of these several kinds of grasses are found in this region A. Cunningham was the first scholar of archaeology in like Abber (EulaliopiosBinata) which is used for India. He explored Haryana in 1872-73 during the tour of manufacturing of paper, Dub (CynodonDactylon), Bansh Punjab subsequently he explored those sites which (Bamboo) and Palwan (DichanthiumAnnulatum) are other mentioned in Brahmanical and Buddha’s literature i.e. important grasses. Many plants of medicine are found i.e. Kurukshetra, Karnal, Pehowa and Nissing (Karnal) Baheda (Terminalia Bellirica), Harad (Terminalia Kapalmochan, etc. B.B. Lal began the methodical Chebula), Amla (Emablica Officinalis), Amaltas (Cassia exploration and could find out the PGW sites which were Fistula), etc. occur in the forest area. Alluvial plains mentioned in the Mahabharata, and then he explored contains various type of fruit full and unfruitful trees like Haryana. In the year 1967 Professor SurajBhan did the Mango (mangiferaindica), Amrud (Gwava), Jamun large-scale exploration in Haryana. He explored the (SyzygiumCumini), Samal (BombaxCieba), Pipal Chautang (old Darishadvati River) valley and discovered a (FicusRelegiosa), Bad (FicusBengalensis) Neem number of archaeological sites, many sites were found in (AzadirachtaIndico), Mulberry (Morus Alba), Siris Upper Chautang Valley. Thereafter Manmohan Kumar (AlbiziaProcera) Kela,,Shisham (DalbergiaSissoo), conducted the exploration of district Ambala and (AccasiaMilotica), Safeda (Eucalyptus-Hybrid), Beri etc. in Kurukshetra during his Ph.D. research work that time he the study region. Includable plant of medicine like Aakha, explored this region. BrahmDutt did his Ph.D. on PGW Gulbansa, Unga, Kandai, Hins, Bhang, etc are found with culture and explored Haryana during this work, and Dub and Dab also occurs in this region. discovered the good number of P.G.W. Culture. Archaeological Survey of India also conducted explorations Fauna in the study area. Yogesawar Joshi did his Ph.D. on According to the diversity of Physiographic features, the "Archaeo-Historical Study in Northeastern Haryana (from fauna of study region can be separated into two parts like Earliest Times to 12th Century A.D.)”, Kurukshetra hilly wildlife and plain area's fauna. A large no. of University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, during his work and mammals are found i.e. Monkey, Langoor,,leopard, Chital, explored the upper part of present area. Jungle Billi, Bluebull, Wild Pig, small Indian Civet, Jackles Hare, deer, Fox, Mongoose, Bat, Gilheri, Sehi, Rat Historical Outline etc.,House Buffalo, Cow, Hours, Goat, Sheep and Donkey Bilaspur is the part of Haryana state, its name derived from etc. are found in the plain area. Beside birds species like Great epic creator Vedvyash. According to the legend Indian robin, Saxicoloides