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Linux OS Backup 교육 자료 V1.1

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Linux OS Backup 교육 자료 V1.1 Linux OS Backup 교육 자료 v1.1 2013. 12. 27. 이스턴네트웍스 기술지원팀 전흥수 목 차 1. Linux OS Backup & Cloning Layout 2. Solution Install & Configuration 3. Recovery Procedure 4. Reference Site - 1 - 1. Linux OS Backup / Cloning Layout 1) 테스트 환경 H/W S/W CPU Disk ODD TAPE OS Arch tool 구 분 ARCHIVE 외장 USB Intel CPU Python CentOS Mondorescue 36GB x 3 DS8A8SH X86_64 3.20GHz 06408-XXX 6.4 ( www.mondorescue.org/ ) ( DVD Writer) ( DDS4 ) - 2 - 1. Linux OS Backup / Cloning Layout 2) 목적 Linux OS 백업시 File Base 의 백업솔루션이 가지고 있는 한계를 극복하기 위한 솔루션 필요. Ex 1) RHEL 6.4 / RHCS / Oracle Client / Netbackup / SecureOS / Control-M / T-max (was) -> OS 의 버그, H/W 문제점 등으로 인해 문제발생시 재설치 필요. -> RHEL OS 설치+RHCS 재구성 / 기타 S/W 설치시 파트별 엔지니어 필요. ( 시간 / 인력비용 / 결과적 손해 ) Ex 2) Clonezilla / Ghost / DD 등 Live CD 를 이용한 솔루션 -> Clone Image 를 생성할때마다 시스템의 Reboot 이 필요. -> Down Time 이 허용되지 않는 경우 File Base 의 백업은 가능하나 device , driver 등의 OS 구성을 포함한 Image Backup은 매우 곤란함 - 3 - 1. Linux OS Backup / Cloning Layout 3) Solution ( Mondorescue ) ◐ Online Backup ( DR ) DAT / VTL ( tape device ) ◐ 다양한 백업디바이스 지원 ◐ GUI / CLI 지원 ( script 사용 가능 ) CD / DVD Writer HDD / USB RHEL / Ubuntu / Fedora / SuSe NAS ( NFS / CIFS / SSHFS ) - 4 - 2. Solution Install & Configuration 1) 설치하기 ① 레포지토리 설정파일 #/etc/yum.repos.d/mondorescue.repo [mondorescue] name=rhel 6 x86_64 - mondorescue Vanilla Packages baseurl=ftp://ftp.mondorescue.org/rhel/6/x86_64 enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 gpgkey=ftp://ftp.mondorescue.org/rhel/6/x86_64/mondorescue.pubkey ② yum 을 이용한 설치 #yum install mondo ③ rpm 을 이용한 설치 ( 아래의 URL 에서 rpmfile download ) http://www.mondorescue.org/downloads.shtml - 5 - 2. Solution Install & Configuration 2) 스크립트 2-1 백업 스크립트 ( ISO 이미지를 이용한 백업 스크립트 ) # cat /usr/local/sbin/mondobackup.sh #!/bin/sh DATE=`date +%Y%m%d` BACKUPDIR="/backup" mount /dev/sdb1 /backup wait mkdir -p $BACKUPDIR/$DATE mondoarchive -Oi -s 4880m -d $BACKUPDIR/$DATE -E '/mnt|/backup' -p "`date +%Y%m%d`-os-backup" wait cp /var/cache/mindi/mondorescue.iso $BACKUPDIR/$DATE/os-restore-boot-cd.iso wait sync umount /backup exit 0 - 6 - 2. Solution Install & Configuration 2) 스크립트 2-2 백업 스크립트 ( tape 를 이용한 백업 스크립트 ) #cat /usr/local/sbin/mondo_tape_bk.sh #!/bin/sh mt –f /dev/st0 rewind wait /usr/sbin/mondoarchive -Ot -d /dev/st0 -K 99 -E '/backup' -p "tapebackup“ wait exit 0 2-3 백업 스크립트 ( NAS 를 이용한 백업 스크립트 ) #!/bin/sh /usr/sbin/mondoarchive -On nfs://192.168.1.133:/nas -d /os-backup exit 0 - 7 - 2. Solution Install & Configuration 2) 스크립트 ( cron ) ① cron 설정파일 # cat /etc/cron.daily/os_backup.sh #!/bin/sh /usr/bin/rdate -s time.bora.net wait /usr/local/sbin/mondobackup.sh & exit 0 - 8 - 2. Solution Install & Configuration 3) Mondoarchive options ※ Mondoarchive options -O 파일시스템을 CD,tape,ISO image,NFS등으로 백업. 부트가능한 시디나 플로피가 만들어짐. -i 백업미디어로 ISO파일(시디이미지)를 사용 -L bzip2대신 lzo를 사용 ( 가급적 사용하지 말 것. ) -d dev/dir 백업 디바이스나 디렉토리를 지정 -E "path path ..." 백업에서 제외할 패스를 기록 -l GRUB/LILO 부트로더 지정 -f device 디바이스마스터부트레코드가 있는 드라이브를 지정 -s size 백업미디어의 용량을 지정 -F 3.5인치플로피에 boot+data 쓰지 않도록 지정 -p 백업이미지의 이름을 지정할 수 있다. -T temp 디렉토리 지정 ( 서버운용중인 Disk 외의 디스크에 지정가능 ) -S scratch 디렉토리 지정 ( 백업이미지 파일을 임시로 모아놓는 디렉토리 지정 ) - 9 - 3. Recovery Procedure 1) linux base boot cd buning CLI 1. wodim 패키지 설치 #yum install wodim 2. cdrom 디바이스 찾기 #wodim --devices wodim: Overview of accessible drives (1 found) : ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 dev='/dev/scd0' rwrw-- : 'Slimtype' 'DVD A DS8A8SH' ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3. os-boot-backup CD 제작 #wodim -v dev=/dev/scd0 speed=4 -eject /path/to/mondorescue.iso. - 10 - 3. Recovery Procedure 2) Restore Screen Mondorescue.iso 를 cd writer 를 이용하여 cd 로 제작한 후 서버에서 cd boot 를 하고, 아래의 화면에서 nuke 입력 - 11 - 3. Recovery Procedure 3) Recovery Trouble shooting ① Mondo rescue 를 이용할 경우, /etc/fstab 파일을 기준으로 백업을 실행하므로 백업 대상 디렉토리는 반드시 /etc/fstab 에 등록이 되어 있어야 한다. Ex) /dev/sdb1 /data …… /dev/sdb1 /data ext4 defaults 0 0 …… ② swap 은 별도로 백업되지 않으므로 복구과정이 끝나고 나면, 반드시 rescue mode 로 진입하여 swap 을 생성해준다. boot : linux text rescue #chroot /mnt/sysimage #lvcreate –l 100%FREE –n /dev/Volgroup/lv_swap #mkswap –f /dev/Volgroup/lv_swap #ext #reboot - 12 - 4. Reference Site http://www.mondorescue.org/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_disk_cloning_software http://www.tecmint.com/how-to-clone-linux-systems/ http://comptia.idglabs.net/?p=4079 - 13 - Q & A 감사합니다. - 14 - .
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