F-3-47 Scheifferstadt (Schifferstadt)
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F-3-47 Scheifferstadt (Schifferstadt) Architectural Survey File This is the architectural survey file for this MIHP record. The survey file is organized reverse- chronological (that is, with the latest material on top). It contains all MIHP inventory forms, National Register nomination forms, determinations of eligibility (DOE) forms, and accompanying documentation such as photographs and maps. Users should be aware that additional undigitized material about this property may be found in on-site architectural reports, copies of HABS/HAER or other documentation, drawings, and the “vertical files” at the MHT Library in Crownsville. The vertical files may include newspaper clippings, field notes, draft versions of forms and architectural reports, photographs, maps, and drawings. Researchers who need a thorough understanding of this property should plan to visit the MHT Library as part of their research project; look at the MHT web site (mht.maryland.gov) for details about how to make an appointment. All material is property of the Maryland Historical Trust. Last Updated: 01-31-2013 F-3-47 NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARK NOMINATION NPS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 SCHIFFERSTADT Page 1 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 1. NAME OF PROPERTY Historic Name: Schifferstadt Other Name/Site Number: 2. LOCATION Street & Number: 1110 Rosemont Avenue Not for publication: N/A City/Town: Frederick Vicinity: N/A State: MD County: Frederick Code: 021 Zip Code: 21769 3. CLASSIFICATION Ownership of Property Category of Property Private: Building(s): _X__ Public-Local: X District: ___ Public-State: ___ Site: ___ Public-Federal: ___ Structure: ___ Object: ___ Number of Resources within Property Contributing Noncontributing 1 1 buildings sites structures objects 1 1 Total Number of Contributing Resources Previously Listed in the National Register: 1 Name of Related Multiple Property Listing: N/A F-3-47 NPS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 SCHIFFERSTADT Page 2 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 4. STATE/FEDERAL AGENCY CERTIFICATION As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby certify that this ____ nomination ____ request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property ____ meets ____ does not meet the National Register Criteria. Signature of Certifying Official Date State or Federal Agency and Bureau In my opinion, the property ____ meets ____ does not meet the National Register criteria. Signature of Commenting or Other Official Date State or Federal Agency and Bureau 5. NATIONAL PARK SERVICE CERTIFICATION I hereby certify that this property is: ___ Entered in the National Register ___ Determined eligible for the National Register ___ Determined not eligible for the National Register ___ Removed from the National Register ___ Other (explain): Signature of Keeper Date of Action F-3-47 NPS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 SCHIFFERSTADT Page 3 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 6. FUNCTION OR USE Historic: DOMESTIC Sub: Single Dwelling Current: RECREATION AND CULTURE Sub: Museum 7. DESCRIPTION ARCHITECTURAL CLASSIFICATION: COLONIAL MATERIALS: Foundation: Stone Walls: Stone Roof: Wood Other: Brick F-3-47 NPS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 SCHIFFERSTADT Page 4 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form Describe Present and Historic Physical Appearance. PRESENT AND HISTORICAL APPEARANCE SITE DESCRIPTION Schifferstadt, located in the City of Frederick, Maryland, is immediately northwest of the downtown area. It is sited west of the intersection of Rosemont and West Second Street, and Catoctin Mountain Highway (U.S. Route 15) borders it to the northwest. Facing southeast towards West Second Street the house is set back approximately 82 feet (25 meters) from the road. West Second Street was an original street in the City of Frederick but it did not extend to Rosemont Avenue until the 1940s, bisecting what was once the original 303- acre Schifferstadt farmstead.1 The Schifferstadt property is now situated on a grassy tract of land equaling 1.51 acres. The south side of the house faces the northern end of Baker Park, a large city-owned open space. A dense buffer of woods separates the property from U.S. 15 and a screen of young trees is located along Rosemont and Fairview Avenues. The remainder of the property is dotted with mature trees of various varieties. The land is level immediately surrounding the house, however, it slopes down on both the east and west sides. Only one planting, a large boxwood shrub, is located along the foundation of the house, on the north corner. Several garden areas are located around the house, the most significant of which is the vegetable, herb, and flower garden to the rear of the house enclosed with a wood picket fence dating circa 1980. The dirt path that led from the concrete sidewalk along Fairview Avenue to the entrances of Schifferstadt was upgraded to a rough-cut flagstone path in October 2011. There is no driveway access or parking available on the property. Visitors park their vehicles across the street on the paved lot associated with the Church of the Brethren. EXTERIOR Set on a bedrock foundation and constructed of fieldstone, Schifferstadt is two-and-one-half stories high with a three-bay façade and attached brick wing of two bays. The primary entrance is centrally located on the southeast façade, flanked with six-over-six, single-sash windows. The roof illustrates slightly flared eaves with a central-interior brick chimney rising above. Original architectural details include a water table, exposed rafter ends and ceiling joists, and a wood raking cornice. Extending from the northwest gable end is a one-and-one- half story brick wing added in 1866. This wing has a gable roof, interior chimney, and corbelled brick cornice. Schifferstadt’s primary façade is symmetrical and displays a more refined appearance to that of the other three elevations. The sandstone, obtained from local quarries, on the façade is built of nearly regularly coursed stone with mortared joints detailed with a pointed or angled joint. The remainder of the house presents irregular coursing with flat joints. Although the coursing on the side and rear elevations is irregular and the stonework is rough, square-cut sandstone quoins are present on each visible corner. Two limestone steps provide access to the front entry and this doorway is illuminated with a four-light transom although these materials were reconstructed when the early twentieth century porch was removed. Segmental- arch lintels distinguish the first-story bays throughout the house, however, three of these relieving arches date to the 1980s restoration. The second-story windows are placed directly below the flared eaves so there are flat arch lintels. 1 There have been other spellings of the name, particularly “Schiefferstadt” on the National Register nomination. The correct spelling, “Schifferstadt” derives from the name of the town in Germany where the original owner’s family was from. F-3-47 NPS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 SCHIFFERSTADT Page 5 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form Similar to the façade, the northeast (side) elevation is also distinguished by symmetrical fenestration; two windows pierce both the first, second, and attic stories; the basement is punctuated by two openings covered with original decorative iron grilles. The original windows on the first and second stories were most likely six- over-six and the extant attic windows are three-over-three wood sashes. The basement openings do not contain any windows as they were intended to provide ventilation for the cellar in the traditional German manner. One of the most interesting architectural details of Schifferstadt is the stone dry sink mounted in the northern window on the first story. This sink was not in place at the time when the Frederick County Landmarks Foundation received the property in the 1970s. The sink was discovered in the yard and investigations determined that it belonged in this window. Continuing to the northwest elevation, there is one window on the first story, three windows on the second story, and one bulkhead opening leading to descending stone steps to the cellar. The first story window has an asymmetrical placement relative to the second story windows, which may be due to the location of the cellar steps and bulkhead opening. The southwest elevation of the original house is only partially visible because of the recessed two-story addition. Architectural evidence suggests that originally there were two openings on the first story and one or two on the second story. Interior architectural investigations by removing plaster would be necessary to document early doors and windows on this elevation. NINETEENTH CENTURY EXPANSION AND ALTERATIONS (EXTERIOR) Kitchen & Smokehouse Wing Additions In 1866, the log section of Schifferstadt documented in an earlier Fire Insurance policy was removed and replaced with two recessed brick sections; one serving as a kitchen and bake house and the second functioning as a smokehouse. Constructed of five-course American bond brick atop a raised stone foundation, the kitchen addition is two stories in height with a side-gable, wood-shingle roof and an interior brick chimney with a flat cap.