DOCSLIB.ORG

Taxonomic Analysis of Gila and Gila X Rainbow Trout in Southwestern

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Taxonomic Analysis of Gila and Gila X Rainbow Trout in Southwestern TAXONOMIC ANALYSIS OF GILA AND GILA x RAINBOW TROUT IN SOUTHWESTERN NEW MEXICO BY ROBERT EARL DAVID, B.S. A Thesis submitted to the Graduate School in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree Master of Science Major Subject: Wildlife (Fishery) Science New Mexico State University Las Cruces, New Mexico May 1976 "Taxonomic Analysis of Gila and Gila x Rainbow Trout in Southwestern New Mexico," a thesis prepared by Robert Earl David in partial ful- fillment of the requirements for the degree, Master of Science, has been approved and accepted by the following: Dean of the Graduate School Chairman of the Examining Committee Date Committee in Charge: Dr. Douglas B. Jester Dr. G. Morris Southward Dr. Bradley A. Blake Mr. Paul R. Turner 11 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Financial support for this study was contributed by the New Mexico Department of Game and Fish and the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service. I would like to express my appreciation to Dr. Douglas B. Jester, Associate Professor Fishery Science, for continued support and en- couragement throughout this project. Special thanks are extended to Mr. Paul Turner, Assistant Professor Fishery Science, Kim Mello, Gregg Schmitt, Allen Campbell, Becky Campbell, and many undergraduates who assisted in collecting specimens. Thanks are due Dr. Robert J. Behnke, Colorado State University, for continued advisement on taxonomic problems. Thanks also go to Dr. John Hubbard and other employees of the New Mexico Department of Game and Fish whose support made this project possible. A deep appreciation goes to my wife Kathy for her devotion and encouragement. 111 VITA September 20, 1950 - Born in Prescott, Arizona May 1968 - Graduated from Sandia High School, Albuquerque, New Mexico May 1972 - B.S., Wildlife Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 1972-1974 - U.S. Army 1974-1976 - Graduate Teaching Assistant, Department of Fishery and Wildlife Sciences, New Mexico State University PROFESSIONAL AND HONORARY SOCIETIES The Wildlife Society American Fisheries Society iv' ABSTRACT TAXONOMIC ANALYSIS OF GILA AND GILA x RAINBOW TROUT IN SOUTHWESTERN NEW MEXICO BY ROBERT EARL DAVID, B.S. Master of Science in Wildlife (Fishery) Science New Mexico State University Las Cruces, New Mexico, 1976 Doctor Douglas B. Jester, Chairman Samples of trout from 19 streams in the Gila National Forest, New Mexico, were collected and analyzed to determine taxonomic status. Of 23 taximetric characters, ten were selected as key distinguishing characteristics. Main Diamond Creek was selected to represent a pure population of Gila trout, and Turkey Creek at Corral Canyon was used to represent a pure population of rainbow trout. Student's t-test with pooled variances was used to compare the means of 10 key taximetric characters of an un- known population with means of characteristics from the Main Diamond Creek population. Samples found to represent pure Gila trout were from populations in Main Diamond, South Diamond, McKenna, Iron, and Spruce Creeks. Upper Sheep Corral and McKnight Creeks, containing introduced populations of Gila trout, were not analyzed. Evidence indicates that Spruce Creek, previously believed to be an introduced population of Gila trout, may represent a native population of the San Francisco drainage. Data suggests a hypothesis that the Spruce Creek population represents an intergrade between Gila and Arizona trout. Tributaries of the San Francisco River that contain hybrid popu- lations are Whitewater, Dry, and Lipsey Creeks. Influence of either Arizona or cutthroat trout is seen in these populations. Tributaries of the Gila River which were found to contain Gila x rainbow trout hybrids were Black Canyon, Sycamore, White, Langstroth, Trail Canyon, upper Mogollon, upper Turkey, and West Fork of Mogollon Creeks. Streams containing pure populations of rainbow trout were lower Sheep Corral Creek and Turkey Creek at Corral Canyon. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ....... LIST OF TABLES viii ......... LIST OF FIGURES ix .......... INTRODUCTION 1 .......... ME'tHODS 3 .......... STUDY AREA 9 ......... RESULTS 11 ......... DISCUSSION 21 ......... South Diamond Creek 21 ......... McKenna Creek 23 ......... Iron Creek 24 ......... Spruce Creek 24 ......... Black Canyon Creek 28 ......... Sycamore Creek 28 ......... Whitewater, Lipsey, and Dry Creeks 29 ......... Langstroth, White, and Upper Mogollon Creeks 31 Trail Canyon, West Fork of Mogollon, and Upper Turkey Creeks ......... 32 Lower Sheep Corral Creek ........• 32 SUMMARY ......... 33 LITERATURE CITED ......... 35 vii LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1. Measurements of 23 characteristics of Gila trout (Main Diamond Creek) and rainbow trout (Turkey Creek at Corral Canyon), showing sample sizes, ranges, and means (Main Diamond Creek in parentheses) ................................ 8 2. Regression and correlation showing proportional increases in length of morphometric characters with increase of standard length of Gila trout in Main Diamond Creek (top) and rainbow trout in Turkey Creek at Corral Canyon (bottom). Required r for Gila trout is 0.735. Required r for rainbow trout is 0.708 ................ 14 3. Means of 10 characteristics from each of 19 populations sampled. Populations exhibiting occasional basibranchial teeth are marked with an asterisk ......................... 15 4. Computed t for means of 10 characteristics from each of 18 populations compared to Main Diamond Creek. Degrees of freedom are shown in parentheses. Computed t's which are not significantly different from Main Diamond Creek (Pr < 0.05) are marked with an asterisk . • 18 viii LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page 1. Electrofishing on Spruce Creek 4 2. Ten morphometric measurements used in taxonomic analysis .......................... 5 3. Construction of sampling grid and location of sampling sites for use in spot density analysis .......................... 7 4. Study area in southwestern New Mexico. Sampling sites are indicated by 0 .............. 10 5 Hyoid apparatus of four specimens of Gila trout from Spruce Creek showing location of basibranchial teeth (indicated by "x") ............... 16 6. Means and 95 percent confidence intervals for 10 characteristics from 19 populations of trout ........................ 20 7 Gila trout from South Diamond (upper), Main Diamond (middle), and Spruce Creeks (lower), showing typical spotting patterns from each stream ....................... 22 8. Trout from Lipsey (upper and middle) and Dry Creeks (lower), showing typical spotting patterns from each stream ...................... 30 ix INTRODUCTION The Gila trout, Salmo gilae Miller 1950, is one of two native salmonids of New Mexico. Present distribution is restricted to the headwaters of the Gila and San Francisco Rivers in New Mexico and Gap Creek, tributary of the Verde River, Arizona. The Arizona population resulted from a 1974 transplant from Main Diamond Creek, Gila National Forest, New Mexico. The Gila trout is listed as an endangered species by the United States Department of the Interior (1973) and the New Mexico Department of Game and Fish (1975). An Interim Gila Trout Recovery Team was formed in May, 1974, and is attempting to restore the Gila trout to selected native streams in the Gila National Forest, New Mexico. Research has been done on both ecology (Regan 1964, 1966, Jester 1965, Hanson 1971, LaBounty and Minkley, 1972) and taxonomy (Cope and Yarrow 1875, Miller 1950, 1961, 1972, Huntington 1955, Needham and Gard 1959, Simon 1964, Behnke 1967, 1970a, 1970b, 1973, Legendre and Behnke 1972). The description of the species (Miller 1950) contains information which is no longer valid. The Arizona trout, Salmo apache Miller 1972, had not been described and populations of Arizona trout were listed as Gila trout. Origin of the Gila trout is subject to speculation because an adequate fossil record has not been discovered. The most popular hypothesis (Miller 1950) correlates the origin with late Pliocene or early Pleistocene events. At that time, the ocean temperatures were cold enough to allow a southern migration of Pacific salmonids to enter the Gulf of California. Further movement of one of these salmonids led 1 it up the Gila River into the headwaters where effects of isolation and inbreeding produced what is recognized now as the Gila trout. Prior to this study, Gila trout populations were known to exist in six streams of the Gila National Forest, New Mexico: Main Diamond Creek, South Diamond Creek, McKenna Creek, Spruce Creek, and intro- duced populations in McKnight Creek and Sheep Corral Creek. A seventh population was discovered in 1975 in the headwaters of Iron Creek, a headwater tributary of the Middle Fork of the Gila River. Objectives of this study were to determine purity of previously known and recently discovered Gila trout populations and identify streams containing Gila x rainbow trout hybrids. This thesis is presented to define more accurately the status of the Gila trout in order to facilitate restoration or other management. METHODS Population samples were taken by electrofishing (Fig. 1). Speci- mens were fixed in 10 percent formalin containing three to four ml of Ionol (Shell Chemical Company) per gallon as a color-preserving anti- oxidant. Fixed specimens were stored in 40 percent isopropyl alcohol. Each specimen was marked with a numbered opercular strap tag for in- dividual identification. All meristic and morphometric measurements were reviewed with Dr. Robert J. Behnke, Colorado State University, in order to conform with standard measuring techniques in trout
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Native Trouts of the Genus Salmo of Western North America
    CItiEt'SW XHPYTD: RSOTLAITYWUAS 4 Monograph of ha, TEMPI, AZ The Native Trouts of the Genus Salmo Of Western North America Robert J. Behnke "9! August 1979 z 141, ' 4,W \ " • ,1■\t 1,es. • . • • This_report was funded by USDA, Forest Service Fish and Wildlife Service , Bureau of Land Management FORE WARD This monograph was prepared by Dr. Robert J. Behnke under contract funded by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Bureau of Land Management, and the U.S. Forest Service. Region 2 of the Forest Service was assigned the lead in coordinating this effort for the Forest Service. Each agency assumed the responsibility for reproducing and distributing the monograph according to their needs. Appreciation is extended to the Bureau of Land Management, Denver Service Center, for assistance in publication. Mr. Richard Moore, Region 2, served as Forest Service Coordinator. Inquiries about this publication should be directed to the Regional Forester, 11177 West 8th Avenue, P.O. Box 25127, Lakewood, Colorado 80225. Rocky Mountain Region September, 1980 Inquiries about this publication should be directed to the Regional Forester, 11177 West 8th Avenue, P.O. Box 25127, Lakewood, Colorado 80225. it TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Preface ..................................................................................................................................................................... Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Biology and Management of Threatened and Endangered Western Trouts
    Biology and Management of Threatened and Endangered Western Trouts August 1976 USDA Forest Service General Technical Report RM-28 Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station Forest Service U.S. Department of Agriculture Fort Collins, Colorado 80521 Abstract Behnke, R. J., and Mark Zarn. 1976. Biology and management of threatened and endangered western trouts. USDA For. Sew. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-28, 45 p. Rocky Mt. For. and Range Exp. Stn., Fort Collins, Colo. Discusses taxonomy, reasons for decline, life history and ecology, and sug- gestions for preservation and management of six closely related trouts native to western North America: Colorado River cutthroat, Salmo clarki pleuriticus; green- back trout, S. c. stomias; Lahontan cutthroat, S. c. henshawi; Paiute trout, S. c. seleniris; Gila trout, S. gilae; and Arizona native trout, S. apache. Meristic characters, distribution and status, habitat requirements and limiting factors, protective measures, and management recommendations are presented for each taxon. Keywords: Native trout, Salrno clarki pleuriticus. Sali?zo ckurki stoi~zius. Sulnzo clarki herzshawi, Salmo clarki seleniris, Salrno gilue. Sulrno uprrchc. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report RM-28 August 1976 Biology and Management of Threatened and Endangered Western Trouts R. J. Behnke Colorado State University Mark Zarn Conservation Library Denver Public Library Information reported here was prepared under contract by the Conservation Library of the Denver Public Library, through the Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. The report is printed as prepared by the authors; opinions are not necessarily those of the U.S. Forest Service. TABLE OF CONTENTS I . GJ3NERAL MANAGEMENT GUIDELINES FOR RAE3 AND ENDANGJIRED WESTERN TROUTS Introduction ..........................
    [Show full text]
  • GILA TROUT (Oncorhynchus Gilae)
    (Technical Review Draft, April 2002) GILA TROUT (Oncorhynchus gilae) (Third Revision) RECOVERY PLAN (Original Approved: January 12, 1979) (First Revision Approved: January 3, 1984) (Second Revision Approved: December 8, 1993) Prepared by John Pittenger (Purchase Order 201819M251) for Region 2 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Albuquerque, New Mexico Approved: XXX Regional Director, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Date: DISCLAIMER Recovery plans delineate reasonable actions believed to be required to recover and/ or protect listed species. Plans published by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service or national Marine Fisheries Service are sometimes prepared with the assistance of recovery teams, contractors, State agencies, and other affected and interested parties. Recovery teams serve as independent advisors to the Services. Plans are reviewed by the public and submitted to additional peer review before they are adopted by the Services. Objectives of the plan will be attained and any necessary funds made available subject to budgetary and other constraints affecting the parties involved, as well as the need to address other priorities. Recovery plans do not obligate other parties to undertake specific tasks and may not represent the views nor the official positions or approval of any individuals or agencies involved in the plan formulation, other than the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service/National Marine Fisheries Service. They represent the official position of the National Marine Fisheries Service/U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service only after they have been signed by the Assistant Administrator/Regional Director or Director as approved. Approved recovery plans are subject to modification as dictated by new findings, changes in species status, and the completion of recovery tasks.
    [Show full text]
  • Gila Trout (Oncorhynchus Gilae) Data: Gila Trout Recovery Plan-2003 Partners: Arizona Game and Fish Department, New Mexico Department of Game and Fish, U.S
    Gila Trout (Oncorhynchus gilae) Data: Gila Trout Recovery Plan-2003 Partners: Arizona Game and Fish Department, New Mexico Department of Game and Fish, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Forest Service Gila Trout Species Status review: landowners provides opportunity for The Gila Trout was originally recognized as increased Gila Trout restoration and should endangered under the Federal Endangered result in a conservation benefit to the Species Preservation Act of 1966 (U.S. Fish species. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Wildlife Service, 1967). Federal- and the State wildlife and fisheries designated status of the fish as endangered management agencies responsible for was continued under the Endangered establishing fishing regulations work to Species Act of 1973 (U.S. Fish and Wildlife ensure that angling pressure does not Service, 1975) until 2006 when the species prevent, but enhances, progress toward full was down-listed to threatened (U.S. Fish and recovery. Gila Trout angling will continue to Wildlife Service, 2006). The Gila Trout was be managed by the States as long as the listed as endangered by the New Mexico population remains above the recovery Department of Game and Fish in 1975 under threshold. the Wildlife Conservation Act and was down-listed to threatened in 1988, and Distribution of Gila Trout: The extent of remains listed as threatened by New Mexico the historical distribution of the Gila Trout is Department of Game and Fish. Gila Trout not known with certainty. It is known to be are considered a Species of Concern by the native to higher elevation streams in Arizona Game and Fish Department.
    [Show full text]
  • Colorado River Cutthroat Trout (Oncorhynchus Clarkii Pleuriticus)
    Colorado River Cutthroat Trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii pleuriticus): A Technical Conservation Assessment Michael K. Young Prepared for the USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Region, Species Conservation Project United States Department of Agriculture / Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-207-WWW March 2008 Young, Michael K. 2008. Colorado River cutthroat trout: a technical conservation assess- ment. [Online]. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-207-WWW. Fort Collins, CO: USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Station. 123 p. Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/rm/pubs/rmrs_GTR- 207-WWW.pdf [March 2008]. Abstract The Colorado River cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii pleuriticus) was once distributed throughout the colder waters of the Colorado River basin above the Grand Canyon. About 8 percent of its historical range is occupied by unhybridized or ecologically significant populations. It has been petitioned for listing under the Endangered Species Act and is accorded special status by several state and federal agencies. Habitat alteration and nonnative trout invasions led to the extirpation of many populations and impede restoration. Habitat fragmentation exacerbated by climate change is an emerging threat. A strategic, systematic approach to future conservation is likely to be the most successful. The Author Michael Young has been a Research Fisheries Biologist with the U.S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station since 1989. His work focuses on the ecology and conservation of native coldwater fishes and the effects of natural and anthropogenic disturbance on stream ecosystems. Address: USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 800 East Beckwith Avenue, Missoula, Montana 59801. Email: [email protected]. Acknowledgments I thank Todd Allison, Warren Colyer, Greg Eaglin, Noah Greenwald, Paula Guenther-Gloss, Christine Hirsch, Jessica Metcalf, Dirk Miller, Kevin Rogers, and Dennis Shiozawa for their comments on an earlier version of this manuscript.
    [Show full text]
  • APACHE TROUT My First Exposure to What Later Proved to Be Apache Trout, Caused Considerable Consternation. This Occurred In
    c J tap APACHE TROUT My first exposure to what later proved to be Apache trout, caused considerable consternation. This occurred in the late 1950's while conducting graduate research on the native trout of the Great Basin (mainly the cutthroat trout native to the Lahontan and Bonneville basins of Nevada and Utah). I had borrowed all of the preserved specimens available in museums to examine in order to characterize the subspecies described from the Lahontan and Bonneville basins. These diagnoses would allow me to recognize these subspecies if they still existed. Both the Lahontan subspecies henshawi and the Bonneville subspecies Utah were generally regarded to be extinct as pure populations at the time, but the problem was that if these subspecies still existed, how could they be verified since no valid diagnosis of the subspecies had ever been made. My study was progressing nicely as I compiled the diagnostic traits of the two subspecies when I received three specimens from the U.S. National Museum labeled, "Panguitch Lake, Utah" (a lake in Bonneville basin). These specimens were collected in 1873 and were entirely distinct from any form of cutthroat trout known to me. The specimens were only about five to eight inches in length but their deep bodies, long fins, spotting patterns, and other internal characters such„ as the number of vertebrae were very different from any other trout with which I was familiar. I pondered the question in my MS. thesis; How could a trout so distinctively different from the Bonneville cutthroat have existed in the Bonneville basin and not previously recognized? When I became aware that mix-ups of specimens and locality records of fish collections made by geological surveys and railroad surveys in the nineteenth century were a common occurrence, a bit of further investigation revealed that these three specimens (U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Endangered Species Bulletin Is Now an On-Line Publication
    U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service For over a century, the Fish and Wildlife Service has played a vital role in conserving America’s fishery resources. In 1871, Congress established what is now known as the National Fish Hatchery System. Its origi­ February 2007 Vol. XXXII No. 1 nal purpose was to provide domestic food fish to replace declining native fish. Over the past 30 years, in the face of increasing demands on aquatic systems and grow­ ing environmental threats to those systems, the mission of the National Fish Hatchery System expanded and diver­ sified. In addition to restor­ ing native fish populations, mitigating for fisheries lost as a result of federal water projects, and providing fish to benefit tribes and national wildlife refuges, the system has a unique responsibility in helping to recover various aquatic species listed under the Endangered Species Act. I N T H I S I S S U E 4 The National Fish Hatchery System 6 A Living Fossil Fights for Survival 10 The Return of a Lake-dwelling Giant Telephone: (703) 358-2390 Contributors 12 Hatcheries are for More Than Fish Fax: (703) 358-1735 Stuart C. Leon E-mail: [email protected] Jeff M. Finley Craig Springer Apache Trout: Swimming Towards Web site: Richard Shelton 14 www.fws.gov/endangered/bulletin.html Wade Fredenberg Recovery Editor Mark Maskill Michael Bender Yvette Converse Tom Brandt Editorial Assistance 16 The Texas Blind Salamander Ann Haas Layout Dennis & Sackett Design, Inc. 18 National Fish Hatchery System Facilities On the Cover Photographed in a clear, shallow stream, this Lahontan cutthroat trout displays its lateral line, which is a sensory organ used to detect movement in the surrounding water.
    [Show full text]
  • Western Native Trout Initiative
    Western Native Trout Initiative Mission: “To serve as a key catalyst for the implementation of conservation or management actions, through partnerships and cooperative efforts, resulting in improved species status, improved aquatic habitats, and improved recreational opportunities for native trout anglers across western states”. Little Kern Golden trout Western Native Trout Initiative Focal species Alaskan Kokanee o Dolly Varden Alaskan Rainbow Trout o Gila Trout Apache Trout o Greenback Cutthroat Trout Arctic Char o Lahontan Cutthroat Trout Arctic Grayling o Little Kern Golden Trout o Paiute Cutthroat Trout Bonneville Cutthroat Trout o Redband Trout Bull Trout o Rio Grande Cutthroat Trout California Golden Trout o Westslope Cutthroat Trout Coastal Cutthroat Trout o Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout Colorado River Cutthroat Western Native Trout Initiative WNTI Steering Committee = 15 members 9 western state agencies 3 federal agencies (USFWS, USFS, BLM) 1 conservation organization (Trout Unlimited) 1 tribal nation (vacant) 1 Canadian provincial agency (vacant) 1 staff person = Coordinator Programs/activities Fall grant program = large habitat projects (federal NFHP funding) Spring = Small Grants Program (other funds that we raise) Science and Data Campaign for Western Native Trout Western Native Trout Initiative From 2006-2017, WNTI has directed almost $5.5 million in federal fish habitat partnership funds leveraged to $25 million public and private matching dollars for 141 priority native trout conservation projects. 87 fish passage barriers removed 1,129 stream miles reconnected, restored or improved 30 barriers constructed to protect and conserve priority populations 671 watersheds or populations assessed Over 350 partnering organizations Western Native Trout Initiative WNTI Small Grants Program Since 2016: 26 small grants projects funded with $73,970 in donations to WNTI and matched with $1,080,953 in other funding.
    [Show full text]
  • Native Trout Streamside Identification Guide - a Joint Production of Flyfishingthesierra.Com and Wildtroutstreams.Com
    Native Trout Streamside Identification Guide - a joint production of FlyFishingtheSierra.com and WildTroutStreams.com Copyright © 2011 by WildTroutStreams.com Illustrations Copyright © 2009-2011 by Steven Schalla, FlyFishingtheSierra.com, used with permission. The complete and unaltered PDF file may be redistributed over the Internet for non-commercial purposes. All other rights are reserved by the respective copyright holders. Using this Guide This guide describes 24 trout species and sub-species sought by anglers in the This guide is intended to assist you in doing that. No one will mistake these illus- lower-48 United States. Included are all of the commonly sought trout, and more trations for real fish, but we view that as an advantage because we can exagger- than a few of the obscure ones. A comprehensive guide might easily have pro- ate the features that really matter. A photo-realistic image may look gorgeous, vided twice as many, but we think this is a useful selection that will cover most but may never match the fish at the end of your line. A real fish may look dra- anglers’ needs. matically different fromany one-off illustration or photo. In the final analysis, we Conclusively identifying a species on the stream is often impossible in the few do the best we can. If your best judgement is you’ve caught the species you’ve seconds you have to examine a trout before releasing it unharmed. While most identified, what else matters? experienced trout anglers will be able to distinguish the most common trout We’ve designed this guide to take with you.
    [Show full text]
  • GENUS Brachymystax Gunther, 1866
    FAMILY Salmonidae Jarocki (or Schinz), 1822 - salmonids SUBFAMILY Salmoninae Jarocki (or Schinz), 1822 - salmonids [=Dermopteres, Salmonidi, Salmones, Tutriformes (Truttiformes), Salvelini, Brachymystini, Oncorhynchus, Huchoninae, Salmothymini, Salvelinini, Parahuchoninae] GENUS Brachymystax Gunther, 1866 - lenoks, Asiatic trout, Manchurian trout Species Brachymystax lenok (Pallas, 1773) - sharp-snouted lenok [=coregonoides, swetowidowi] Species Brachymystax savinovi Mitrofanov, 1959 - Russian lenok Species Brachymystax tsinlingensis Li, 1966 - Yangtze lenok Species Brachymystax tumensis Mori, 1930 - blunt-snouted lenok [=czerskii] GENUS Hucho Gunther, 1866 - salmonids [=Epitomynis] Species Hucho bleekeri Kimura, 1934 - Bleeker's hucho Species Hucho hucho (Linnaeus, 1758) - huchen, huchen trout, Danube salmon [=germanorum] Species Hucho ishikawae Mori, 1928 - Korean hucho Species Hucho taimen (Pallas, 1773) - taimen [=fluviatilis, lossos] GENUS Oncorhynchus Suckley, 1861 - salmonids [=Hypsifario, Paraoncorhynchus, Parasalmo] Species Oncorhynchus aguabonita (Jordan, 1892) - golden trout, California golden trout [=roosevelti, whitei] Species Oncorhynchus apache (Miller, 1972) - apache trout, Arizona trout Species Oncorhynchus chrysogaster (Needham & Gard, 1964) - Mexican golden trout Species Oncorhynchus clarkii (Richardson, 1837) - cutthroat trout [=alpestris, alvordensis, bathoecetor, behnkei, bouvieri, brevicauda, carinatus, carmichaeli, crescentis, declivifrons, eremogenes, evermanni, henshawi, humboldtensis, jordani, lewisi, macdonaldi,
    [Show full text]
  • The Gila Trout Is Native to the Headwaters of the Gila River And
    This beautiful native trout is still listed WHAT IS A NATIVE TROUT? opportunities for others. As the human as "endangered with extinction". population grew, the more accessable However, recent efforts by the New Millions of sportsmen thrill at the sight streams became depleted of native Mexico Department of Game & Fish, New of a leaping rainbow trout, nervously trout and thoughts turned towards Mexico State University, U.S. Forest anticipate the strike of a wary brown, or restoring them to many overfished Service, and the U.S. Fish & Wildlife marvel at the colorful beauty of a brook areas. State and Federal agencies began Service have expanded its range. This trout fresh from a high mountain lake building hatcheries to supply trout in GILA TROUT will allow its classification to be changed or stream. Naturally reproducing their early fish culture programs. from endangered to threatened. populations of these trout, particularly However, they soon discovered that Management goals include the when caught in remote, back country other species which had been cultured GILA TROUT continued renewal of populations within waters are often referred to as "natives". for many years in more populated areas its historic range and the eventual Many fishermen are surprised to learn The Gila trout is native to the of the United States were readily headwaters of the Gila River and removal of the Gila trout from that these fish were not originally found available and had been domesticated to in New Mexico or Arizona, but are occupies several small streams in the protected status so that it may be a point that enabled them to be more Gila and Aldo Leopold Wilderness areas managed as a sport fish.
    [Show full text]
  • WNTC Completions Reach 43! the Total Number of People That Have Met the WNTI Trout Challenge Reached 43 in Mid-May of 2020
    WNTC Completions Reach 43! The total number of people that have met the WNTI Trout Challenge reached 43 in mid-May of 2020. One individual achieved the Master Caster Level (18 species across 12 states), 9 people achieved the Advanced Caster Level (12 species across at least 8 states), and 33 people achieved the Expert Caster Level (6 species across at least 4 states). Congratulations! Photo: Mark Hutchings of Provo, Utah earning his Advanced Caster award catching a Bonneville Cutthroat Trout. First Angler to Complete WNTC Master Caster Level Steve MacMillan achieved Master Level in the WNTC in October of 2019. He caught Arctic Char, Coastal Cutthroat Trout, Alaska Rainbow Trout, and Dolly Varden in Alaska; Eagle Lake Rainbow Trout, Little Kern Golden Trout, Kern River Rainbow Trout, and California Golden Trout in California, Redband Trout in Oregon, Lahontan Cutthroat Trout in Nevada, Bonneville Cutthroat Trout in Utah, Apache Trout in Arizona, Gila Trout in New Mexico, Colorado River Cutthroat Trout and Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout in Wyoming, Westslope Cutthroat Trout in Montana, Bull Trout in Idaho, and Rio Grande Cutthroat Trout in Colorado. Steve was the first person to receive both the Ad vanced Caster and Master Caster Level awards. Steve was the recipient of a Helios 3 flyfishing rod, a sponsor of the WNTC. Congratulations, Steve! Lillard Fly Fishing Expeditions Supports WNTC Lillard Fly Fishing Expeditions (LFFE) in Pisgah Forest, North Carolina is jumping on the Trout Chal- lenge bandwagon. For every individual that registers for the WNTC, LFFE will make a donation to WNTI and will enter that individual into a drawing for a Rep Your Water native trout hat (drawing on May 15 and winner announced via Lillard Fly Fishing Expeditions Instagram).
    [Show full text]