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Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences www.eurasianjvetsci.org - www.ejvs.selcuk.edu.tr Comparison of some morphologicalRESEARCH characteristics ARTICLE of native Turkish dog breeds 1, Cafer Tepeli2* 3 1 1 Metin Erdoğan , Ceyhan Özbeyaz , Mine D. Akbulut , Cevdet Uğuz Özet Abstract Erdoğan M, Tepeli C, Özbeyaz C, Akbulut MD, Uğuz C. Erdogan M, Tepeli C, Ozbeyaz C, Akbulut MD, Uguz C. Comparison of some morphological characteristics of na- Eurasian J Vet Sci, 2012, 28, 2, 106-110 tive Turkish dog breeds. Eurasian J Vet Sci, 2012, 28, 2, Türkiye yerli köpek ırklarının bazı morfolojik özelliklerinin 106-110 karşılaştırılması. Amaç: Aim: The objective of this study was to compare some mor- phological characteristics of the native Turkish dog breeds. Bu araştırma Türkiye’deki yerli köpek ırklarının bazı morfolojikGereç ve Yöntem: özelliklerini karşılaştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Materials and Methods: A total of 130 dogs, comprised Araştırmada 30 Kangal Çoban Köpeği, 33- Akbaş Çoban Köpeği, 14 Beyaz Kars Çoban Köpeği, 23 Siyah of 30 Kangal Shepherd Dogs, 33 Akbaş Shepherd Dogs, 14- Kars Çoban Köpeği ve 30 Türk Tazısı olmak üzere farklı yaş- white Kars Shepherd Dogs, 23 black Kars Shepherd Dogs, lardaki toplam 130 adet köpekten cidago yüksekliği, sağrı and 30 Turkish Tazı, were used in the study. Body meas yüksekliği, beden uzunluğu, göğüs genişliği, göğüs derinli urements such as shoulder height (SH), rump height (RH), ği, göğüs çevresi, baş çevresi, baş uzunluğu ve yüz uzunluğu body length (BL), front chest width (FCW), chest depth gibi beden ölçüleri alınmıştır. (CD), chest girth (CG), head girth (HG), head length (HL), Bulgular: - andResults: muzzle length (ML) were taken in different aged dogs.- - Cidago yüksekliği, sağrı yüksekliği, beden uzunlu- Morphological characteristics, specifically shoul ğu, göğüs genişliği, göğüs derinliği, göğüs çevresi, baş çevre der height (SH), rump height (RH), body length (BL), front si, baş uzunluğu ve yüz uzunluğu sırasıyla Kangal Çoban Kö chest width (FCW), chest depth (CD), chest girth (CG), head peklerinde 76.20, 76.26, 69.19, 26.32, 33.46, 94.01, 58.43, girth (HG), head length (HL), and muzzle length (ML), were 35.50 ve 14.76 cm; Akbaş Çoban Köpeklerinde 68.11, 68.77, 76.20, 76.26, 69.19, 26.32, 33.46, 94.01, 58.43, 35.50 and 61.97, 22.32, 28.66, 80.96, 51.88, 31.56 ve 13.72 cm; Beyaz- 14.76 cm in Kangal Shepherd Dogs; 68.11, 68.77, 61.97, Kars Çoban Köpeklerinde 66.63, 67.91, 64.55, 22.09, 27.44, 22.32, 28.66, 80.96, 51.88, 31.56 and 13.72 cm in Akbaş 80.11, 55.36, 31.94 ve 13.14 cm; Siyah Kars Çoban Köpekle Shepherd Dogs; 66.63, 67.91, 64.55, 22.09, 27.44, 80.11, rinde 66.99, 68.05, 63.28, 21.06, 27.90, 78.52, 54.93, 30.39 55.36, 31.94 and 13.14 cm in white Kars Shepherd Dogs; ve 13.16 cm; Türk Tazılarında ise 62.45, 62.59, 51.44, 16.76, 66.99, 68.05, 63.28, 21.06, 27.90, 78.52, 54.93, 30.39 and 25.30, 65.27, 35.87, 27.19 ve 11.72 cm olarak ölçülmüştür. 13.16 cm in black Kars Shepherd Dogs; 62.45, 62.59, 51.44, Araştırmada incelenen morfolojik özellikler bakımından 16.76, 25.30, 65.27, 35.87, 27.19 and 11.72 cm in Turkish Kangal Çoban Köpekleri ile ilgili değerler diğer ırklara göre Tazı, respectively. In conclusion, the study showed that the yüksek bulundu (p<0.05). measurements of these traits in the Kangal Shepherd Dog were significantly greater than those in the other Turkish Öneri: dogConclusion: breeds (p<0.05). Detail studies are needed to determine breed - Türk Tazılarının ırk özellikleri ve genetik yapılarının belirlenmesine yönelik daha detaylı çalışmaların yapılma characteristics and genetic characteristics of Turkish Tazı. sı gerekir. 1 2Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Anahtar kelimeler: Türkiye, yerli köpekler, morfolojik özellikler, 3 Veterinary Medicine, KocatepeDepartment University, of Animal Afyonkarahisar, Science, Faculty Kangal, Akbaş, Kars, Tazı Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, of*[email protected] Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey Keywords: Turkey, native dogs, morphological characteristics, Received: 02.02.2012, Accepted: 24.02.2012 Kangal, Akbaş, Kars, Tazı Eurasian J Vet Sci, 2012, 28, 2, 106- 110 Native Turkish dog breeds Erdoğan et al Introduction 107 in dolichocephalic dogs and from 0.53 to 0.62 in me- Historically, the native Turkish dog breeds have been - distinguishingsaticephalic dogs the (Spira breeds 1982, and Evansin determining and Christensen the ge- - netic1993). relationship Characteristics between such them. as these are important in tionaldivided Symposium into Turkish on Shepherd Turkish ShepherdDogs (livestock Dogs heldguard in ian dogs) and Turkish Hunting Dogs. In the Interna This study was carried out to compare some morpho- logical characteristics of native Turkish dog breeds Konya, Turkey in 1996, the Kangal, Akbaş and Kars and to determine the main distinctions among these Shepherd Dogs were recognized as comprising the breeds. first group and the Turkish Tazı as comprising the second (Nelson 1996). - Materials and Methods tional dog of Turkey and is reared in places where Animals AkkaramanThe Kangal Shepherdsheep are Dogbred is and considered especially to in be the the east na- - In this study, a total of 130 dogs, consisting of 30 ern central region of Turkey, specifically Sivas prov examplesince. Although of the Sivas breed and can the also town be of found Kangal in have different been Kangal Shepherd Dogs, 33 Akbaş Shepherd Dogs, 14- regionsthe center of Turkey.of Kangal There Shepherd are many Dog studies breeding, concern good- senwhite were Kars unrelated, Shepherd representativeDogs, 23 black ofKars their Shepherd breed, - Dogs, and 30 Turkish Tazı, were used. The dogs cho - ing the morphological characteristics of Kangal Shep and different ages (1+ years). Kangal Shepherd Dogs herd Dogs in Turkey (Kırmızı 1991, Yıldız et al 1993, were selected from dogs raised by the Selcuk Univer Özbeyaz 1994, Gönül 1996, Özcan and Altınel 1997, sity Veterinary Faculty Kennel, on private farms, and Altıner 1998, Tepeli and Çetin 2000, Onar et al 2001, in villages located in Sivas, Konya, Ankara and Afyon. Tepeli and Çetin 2003, Tepeli et al 2003, Atasoy et- Akbaş Shepherd Dogs consisted of dogs reared by al 2005, Daşkıran and Cedden 2006, Daşkıran 2007, the Selcuk University Veterinary Faculty Kennel and usingYılmaz these 2007). studies. Therefore, it has been possible to deter in villages in Afyon, Eskişehir, Sivrihisar, and Ankara. mine a breed standard for the Kangal Shepherd Dog Kars Dogs were sampled from dogs in villages in Kars, - Ankara.Iğdır, and Erzurum. The Turkish Tazı used in the study - belonged to villagers in Konya, Afyon, Eskişehir and The Akbaş Shepherd Dog is a white livestock guard In selecting the population to be studied, care was ian breed having two coat varieties (long and medi- taken to ascertain that the dogs were purebred. In the ly,um). Sivrihisar These dogs and areits villagesprimarily are found generally in the considered provinces case of Turkish native dog breeds, no formal registra- around Ankara, Konya, Afyon, and Eskişehir. Especial Studies on the morphological characteristics of the falls on the researchers to select the research popu- to be the center of Akbaş Shepherd Dog breeding. lationtion or with certification care. Two of methods purity exists, of establishing thus, the burden purity - Turkish Akbaş Shepherd Dog are very limited (Nelson 1996, Tepeli et al 2003, Atasoy et al 2011). were questioning the owners about each dog’s par entage and establishing the individual dog’s general The Kars Dog is found in the northeastern parts of Of the three native Turkish shepherd dog breeds, this conformity to accepted breed phenotype (Nelson Turkey, in places where Morkaraman sheep are bred. breed shows the most variation in coat color and 1996). Data length. Some of the dogs are very similar visually to Morphological body measurements taken in the study the Caucasian Owtcharka (Caucasian Mountain Dog) were shoulder height (SH), rump height (RH), body found across the Turkish border with the Republics Shepherd Dogs. Studies focusing on the morphologi- length (BL), front chest width (FCW), chest depth of Georgia and Armenia. Others resemble the Akbaş (CD), chest girth (CG), head girth (HG), head length (HL), and muzzle length (ML). cal characteristics of Kars Shepherd Dogs are also FCW, and CD, while a tape measure was used to meas- rare (Nelson 1996, Kırmızıbayrak 2004). A measuring stick was used to measure SH, RH, BL, mostly seen in central and southern parts of Turkey. taken by the same person to ensure consistency. The TheyThe native are used Turkish to hunt Hunting small game, Dog, thesuch Turkish as rabbits Tazı, and is measurementure CG, HG, HL, wasand ML.performed All of the as measurements described by were Te- measurements used for morphological characteris- fox. Nelson (1996) reported that coat color of Turkish data are needed to determine breed characteristics of peli and Çetin (2000) and Özbeyaz (1994). The body Tazı was not a defining breed characteristic. Further colors and coat varieties were also recorded for the dogstics are in shownthe study. in the Turkish Tazı’s figure below. Coat the Turkish Tazı. dog breeds. One example is the proportion of head Morphological characteristics vary greatly among Statistical Analysis length to head girth, which varies from 0.73 to 0.83 Eurasian J Vet Sci, 2012, 28, 2, 106- 110 The data for the morphological traits (SH, RH, CD, BL, Native Turkish dog breeds Erdoğan et al 108 Discussion forFCW, these HL, HG,parameters CG, and ML) among were breed analyzed and with age Generalgroups Linear Model (GLM Multivariate) and the differences There have been many studies (Kırmızı 1991, Yıldız et was used for some morphological traits such us coat al 1993, Özbeyaz 1994, Gönül 1996, Özcan and Altınel were checked with Tukey’s test.
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